2018北京四中高一(上)期末英语试卷附答案解析

2018北京四中高一（上）期末英语试卷

第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节, 满分35分）

第一节语法填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分）

从A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案, 并在答题纸

上将该项涂黑。

16. With my glasses ________ (break), I will have to buy a new one.

17. It just isn't fair. _________I was working as a waiter last month, my friends were

lying on the beach.

18. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______ (wait) for another hour.

19. This school is only for the children _________ first language is not English.

20. The new English teacher impressed us ________ his sense of humor and rich knowledge.

21. 一Ann is in hospital.

一Oh, really? I ______ know. I _______ go and visit her.

A. didn't; am going to

B. don't; would

C. don't; will

D. didn't; will

22. The police are offering a big _________ for information about the murder case.

A. award

B. prize

C. reward

D. money

23. Now the Great Wall has become one of the ________ (place) of interest

not only to the Chinese people, but also to people from all over the world.

24. Qi Baishi's style of painting often leaves the audience __________ (guess) and

(make)them use their imagination.

25. It's already ten o'clock. My father ________ be sleeping now.

26. —Why can't you finish your work on time?

—Well, the heavy rain has added ________ a lot of difficulty to our work.

27. They didn't want to come with us first but we _________ persuade them.

28. Looking up, I saw her eyes ______ (fix) on me in curiosity.

29. The classic superheroes like Spiderman or Superman _________ (date) back to many decades ago,

but they are still very popular among the youths.

30. We already knew that not everyone would ________ our enthusiasm for this plan.

A. relate

B. share

C. impress

D. reject

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分, 共20分）

阅读下面短文. 掌握其大意, 然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空

白处的最佳选项。

One day, many years ago, when I was working as a psychologist （心理学家）at a children's institution in England, an adolescent boy showed up in the waiting room. I went out there where he was

31 up and down restlessly.

Tim wore a black raincoat that was 32 all the way up to his neck. His face was pale, and he stared at his feet while wringing （扭）his hands nervously. He had 33 his father as a baby, and had lived with his mother and grandfather ever since. But the year before he turned 13, his grandfather and mother were killed in a car accident. Now he was fourteen and in family care.

I looked at Tim. He was very 34 and depressed （in low spirits）. He refused to talk to me. The first two times we 35 , Tim only sat hunched up （蜷缩）in the chair without saying a word. As he was about to leave after the second visit. I put my hand on his shoulder. He didn't 36 back, but he didn't look at me either.

37 a bit. Then I said, “I know it hurts. ”“Come back next week, if you like, ”I said. I

He came, and I 38 we play chess. He nodded. After that we played chess every Wednesday afternoon--in 39 and without making any eye contact. It's not easy for me to 40 in chess, but I admit that I made sure Tim won once or twice.

Usually, he arrived earlier, took the chessboard and pieces and set them up before I even got a（n）41 to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my 42 . But why did he 43 look at me?

“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his 44 with, ”I thought.

One afternoon. Tim took off his raincoat and put it on the back of the chair. While he was setting

up the chess pieces, his face seemed more 45 and his motions more lively.

Some months later, I sat staring at Tim's head, 46 he was bent over the chessboard. I was thinking about how little we knew about the healing（治疗）process. 47 , he looked up at me. “It's your 48 ,” he said.

After that day, Tim started talking.

Maybe I gave Tim something, but I learned a lot from him. He showed me how one-without any words—can 49 out to another person. All it 50 is a hug. a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch,

a sympathetic nature——and an ear that listens.

31. A. walking B. jumping C. sitting D. jogging

32. A. put B. buttoned C. wrapped D. tied

33. A. hated B. found C. missed D. lost

34. A. sad B. mad C. calm D. tough

35. A. talked B. tried C. gathered D. met

36. A. call B. come C. draw D. get

37. A. suspected B. hesitated C. worried D. doubted

38. A. insisted B. demanded C. required D suggested

39. A. satisfaction B. patience C. silence D. excitement

40. A. cheat B. move C. play D. win

41. A. promise B. invitation C. order D. chance

42. A. attendance B. technique C. company D. instruction

43. A. sometimes B. never C. often D. ever

44. A. pain B. secret C. ideas D. interests

45. A. serious B. lovely C. alive D. pale

46. A. since B. until C. before D. while

47. A. Suddenly B. Nervously C. Strangely D. Fortunately

48. A. time B. turn C. fault D. way

49. A. figure B. leave C. bring D. reach

50. A. works B. gives C. takes D. makes

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分）

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该

项涂黑。

A

My morning routine varies little from day to day. I walk the dog, eat breakfast at the kitchen

counter with Katie and Matt, and then settle in for a day at the computer.

And because I work mostly from home. I have learned that little walks into the outside world are

important for psychological well-being. So before I begin attempting to put sentences together, I walk

over to a little coffee shop in my neighborhood, and chat with the folks behind the counter.

The coffee shop is on the other side of the historic Chesapeaker＆Ohio Canal from my house.

Whenever in season, tourists line up to take a slow boat, if not to India, at least into the 19th century.

One warm day last fall, I turned the comer to see one of the boatmen sitting alone on the boat,

bathed in early-morning light. He was playing the violin. The scene stopped me in my tracks. What I

witnessed could only be described as a perfect moment. Ten seconds at most. But months later I still

remember just standing there, watching, listening, and taking it all in.

We all have such moments put before us. Little surprises. Whether we're wise enough to see them

is another thing.

I thought of the violin man one Sunday afternoon while reading the biographies of those killed in

the Columbia incident. The specialist Laurel Clark, talking from the shuttle a few days before it was to

；

land. said it was blissful to see the simple unexpected wonders of space, like a sunset. “There's

It only lasts about 15 seconds, and then it's

the whole payload bay turns this rosy pink, ”she said. “

gone. ”

I once had a friend who had a strange habit that never stopped to amuse me, maybe because I

never quite knew when she was going to spring it on me. It could come in the middle of a particularly

liv ely dinner with old friends. Out of the blue, she'd say, “Stop”I want to remember this mome realize now, after her death. what wise advice that is.

51. The author goes out for a walk every day in the morning mainly because _________.

A. she needs to walk the dog and enjoy the fresh air

B. she considers that it is good for her physical health

C. she hates to be left alone at home when others are out

D. she benefits psychologically from contacting the outside world

52. The underlined word“blissful”in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.

A. enjoyable

B. valuable

C. agreeable

D. reasonable

53. The main purpose of the passage is to tell people to ________.

A. develop a good habit

B. enjoy life to the fullest

C. catch the valuable moments in life

D. be willing to follow friends' advice

54. “I”in the passage is probably a ________.

A. violinist

B. writer

C. sailor

D. waitress

B

My doorbell rings. On the step, I find the elderly Chinese lady, small and slight, holding the hand

of a little boy. In her other hand, she holds a paper carrier bag.

I know this lady. It is not her first visit. She is the boy's grandmother, and her daughter bought the

house next door last October.

Her daughter, Nicole, speaks fluent English. But she is now in Shanghai, and her parents are here

with the little boy. Nicole has obviously told her mother that I am having heart surgery soon, so her

mother has decided I need more nutrients.

I know what is inside the bag一a thermos with hot soup and a stainless—steel container with rice, vegetables and either chicken, meat or shrimp, sometimes with a kind of pancake. This has become an almost—daily practice.

Communication between us is somewhat affected by the fact that she doesn't speak English and all

I can say in Chinese is hello. Once, she brought an iPad as well as the food. She pointed to the screen,

which displayed a message from her daughter telling me that her mother wanted to know if the food

was all fight and whether it was too salty. I am not used to iPads, so she indicated I should go with her

to her house. Then, she handed the iPad to her husband and almost immediately I found myself looking

at Nicole in Shanghai and discussing her mother's cooking and salt intake. Instantly, tears welled in my

eyes.

“Your mother just can’t be bringing me meals like this all the time. ”I insisted. “dishes in return. ”

“Oh, no, Lucy. ”Nicole said. “Mum doesn’t like western food. Don’t worry about

it；she has to cook for the three of them anyway, and she wants to do it. ”

The doorbell keeps ringing and there is the familiar brown paper carrier bag, handed smilingly to

me.

I am now working on some more Chinese words—it's the least I can do after such a display of

kindness.

“Thank you”is, of course, the first one. Somehow, it seems inadequate.

55. The elderly Chinese lady visits Lucy regularly because ________.

A. Lucy pays her to deliver food

B. Lucy likes cooking Chinese food

C. she cares about Lucy's state of health

D. she wants to make friends with Lucy

56. Nicole's mum took an iPad to Lucy's home for ________.

A. displaying

B. communicating

C. cooking

D. chatting

57. In this passage Lucy mainly expresses her _________.

A. preference for the Chinese food

B. gratitude to the Chinese family

C. love of the advanced technology

D. affection for the Chinese language

58. Lucy is learning Chinese ________.

A. to show her appreciation of Chinese Culture

B. in preparation for her trip to China

C. to say thank you in Chinese

D. as a way to show her gratitude to the kindness of Nicole's mother

C

How can a creature weighing over 5 tons and normally taking 150 kilograms of food and 120 liters

of water per day survive in a desert environment?

In the southwest African country of Namibia, and the Sahara lands of Mali further north, the desert elephant does just that.

Although not regarded as a separate species from the African elephant, the desert cousin differs in

many ways. Their bodies are smaller, to absorb 1ess heat, and their feet are larger for easier walking

across sandy surfaces. They are taller, to reach higher branches. They have shorter tusks（象牙）, and

most importantly, longer trunks to dig for water in riverbeds.

Desert elephants can travel over 70 kilometers in search for feeding grounds and waterholes, and

have a larger group of families. They drink only every 3-4 days, and can store water in a“bag”at the back of their throat. which is only used when badly needed. Desert elephants are careful feeders--they

seldom root up trees and break fewer branches, and thus maintain what little food sources are available.

Young elephants may even eat the dung（粪便）of the female leader of a group when facing food

shortage.

During drought they are unlikely to give birth to their young but with good rains the birthrate will

increase greatly. Desert elephants have sand baths, sometimes adding their own urine（尿液）to make

them muddy!

As we continue to overheat our weak planet, it can only be hoped that other animal species will

adapt as extraordinarily well to change as the desert, elephant.

59. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means“_________”.

A. remains in the African countries

B. drinks 120 liters of water a day

C. manages to live in desert areas

D. eats 150 kilograms of food daily

60. Desert elephants are called careful feeders because they ______.

A. rarely ruin trees

B. drink only every 3-4 days

C. search for food in large groups

D. protect food sources for their young

61. The author answers the question raised in the first paragraph with ________.

A. stories and explanation

B. facts and descriptions

C. examples and conclusion

D. evidence and argument

62. What can be inferred from the last sentence in the passage?

A. Overheating the earth can be stopped.

B. Not all animal species are so adaptable.

C. The planet will become hotter and hotter.

D. Not all animals are as smart as desert elephants.

D

We know the famous ones—the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham BeIls一but what

about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the

windshield wiper（雨刮器）? Shouldn't we know who they are?

Joan Mclean thinks so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range,

feels so strongly about this matter that she's developed a course on the topic. In addition to

tudents to learn the answers to

learning“who”invented“what”. however, Mclean also likes her s

the“why”and“how”questions. According to Mclean, “when students learn the answers to these questions. they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give

inventing a try. ”

Her students agree. One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of

Mclean's statement. “If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper invention,

bad experience during a rainstorm

senior physics major,“I never would have dreamed of turning my

into something so constructive. ”Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.

So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the

idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to

see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through

the snow covering the windshield. she found herself wondering why there couldn’t be a built—

in

device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham,

Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever（操作杆）on the inside of a

vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper.

Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. It’s hard to imagine driving with Garrett A. Morgan’s traffic light. It’s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgett’s innovation that makes glass invisible. Can you picture life without clear windows and

eyeglasses?

63. By mentioning“traffic light”and“windshield wiper”. the author indicates that countless inven

are __________.

A. beneficial, because their inventors are famous

B. beneficial, though their inventors are less famous

C. not useful-because their inventors are less famous

D. not useful, though their inventors are famous

64. Professor Joan McLean's course aims to ________.

A. add color and variety to students' campus life

B. inform students of the invention of the windshield wiper

C. carry out the requirements by Mountain University

D. prepare students to try their own invention

65. Tommy Lee's invention of the unbreakable umbrella was ____.

A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer

B. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper

C. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm

D. not related to Professor Joan McLean's lectures

66. Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?

A. How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers?

B. How to Design a Built—in Device for Cleaning the Window?

C. Shouldn't We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper?

D. Shouldn't We Develop Invention Courses in Universities?

E

Brilliant Autunm Colors

As trees across the northern areas turn gold and deep red, you can find autumn colors in parks and woodlands, in the cities, countryside, and mountains. People are wondering what these colors are for.

For years, scientists have worked to understand the changes that happen to trees in the autumn. Up to

now there have been different explanations for why natural selection makes autumn colors so

widespread.

Dr. Hamilton from Oxford University proposed that bright autumn leaves contained a message：

they warn insects to leave them alone. In autumn. insects choose trees where they will lay eggs. When

the larvae（幼虫）come out the next spring, they feed on the trees, often with a result of destruction of

the trees. Dr. Hamilton suggested that trees could ward off these insects with poisons. They could have

strong defenses by letting egg—laying insects know what was in store for their eggs.

Dr. Hamilton and his students turned the theory into a mathematical model which showed that

warning signals could indeed drive the evolution（进化）of bright leaves. It was a first attempt to see

what was out there.

A research team from the University of Wisconsin gave a quite different explanation. “up here in Wisconsin. by the time the leaves change. all the insects that feed on 1eaves are gone, ”Dr. Hoch said. He believed that autumn colors served mainly as protection.

According to Dr. Hoch and his team. autumn colors might be able to protect the leaves from sun

damage or frost（冰冻）injury一in other words, they actually act as a sunscreen to avoid the destruction

to the 1eaves. Besides, autumn colors might protect the leaves from water loss. If the cells in the 1eaves

become dry, the connections between the cells will be weakened and the 1eaves will break off.

Although there are different explanations about autumn colors, it has really given them a deeper

concern for this time of year. “People sometimes say that science makes the world less interesting by just explaining things away,” one famous biologist said. “But with autumn leaves, the more y about them, the more amazed you are. ”

67. According to Dr. Hamilton, there is a connection between _________.

A. the size of leaves and the survival of insects

B. the size of 1eaves and the behavior of insects

C. the color of leaves and the quality of insects

D. the color of leaves and the number of insects

68. Dr. Hoch and his team give the explanation that _______.

A. climate has an influence on the color of the 1eaves

B. sun damage and frost injury drive the insects away

C. the color of autumn leaves has a protective function

D. autumn colors bring great destruction to the leaves

69. The underlined phrase“ward off”in Paragraph 2 probably means_________.

A. catch

B. attract

C. ignore

D. prevent

70. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?

CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point（次要点）C: Conclusion

第二卷（两部分, 共45分）

第四部分：语法填空（共10小题, 每小题1分。满分10分）

★用所给动词的恰当形式完成第71—75题中的句子。

71. If there ___________（be）no modem telecommunications, we would have to wait for

weeks to get news from around the world.

72. 一Has George decided what to do when he leaves school?

—Oh, yes. Everything is planned. He _________ （have）a holiday for a few weeks before he does a computer programming course.

73. I saw you in the park yesterday. You __________ （sit）on the grass reading a book.

74. Last week I had six interviews. But so far, nobody _________ （offer）me a job.

75. I once________（live）in Paris for two years when I was young.

★用恰当的关联词语完成76—80题中的句子。

76. I'm sorry you've been waiting so long. but it'll still be some time ________ Brian gets back.

aches the end of

77. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’curiosity _________ he re the story.

78. I haven't played football _________ I left university.

79. I am very glad to share with him anything _________ interests me.

80. The friend with ________ I was traveling spoke French.

第五部分：书面表达（共三节, 满分35分）

第一节选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分, 共10分）

根据句意, 选择适当的词并用其恰当的形式填空, 每空只填一个词。

matter interest experience perform

add

develop share offer appreciate ruin

81. He had many exciting _________ while traveling in Africa.

82. He ________ to drive us to St. Joseph, but we preferred to walk.

83. He won't give up ________ on the stage even though his music is not accepted by the public.

84. They've launched an investigation into children's understanding and _______ of drama.

85. What ________us most in the trip was the buildings which were built in Ming Dynasty.

86. After years of practice, she _______ into an excellent horsewoman.

87. In _________ to the printer, we have purchased a new computer.

88. During the show, he paid full attention to saying his ________of the lines correctly.

89. After the tsunami, the houses on the seaward side of the road were all in ________.

90. We can trust him；he is quite experienced in dealing with such __________.

第二节汉译英（共5小题；每小题4分, 共20分）

请把下列句子翻译成英语（括号中的提示词必须用, 且不能更改词性及使用派生词, 否则作零

分记）。

91. 我妈妈建议我在打包行李前列个清单。（suggest；pack v. ）

92. 欢迎提出任何能够帮助我们将想法付诸实践的好建议。（welcome；practice, n.）

93. 不要太在意成绩。最重要的是你是否养成了良好的学习习惯。（matter v. develop）

94. 她一直忍着不笑（出声音来）, 这让我不知道怎么回事儿。（try v; leave v.）

95. 教室里悬挂的气球平添了几分节日气氛。（put up；add）

第三节背诵课文填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分, 共5分）

U4

Auckland is the largest city in New Zealand. It has a population of just under a million people and

______ ______ ______（96）North Island. This seaside city is an important centre for business and important. It is also the most exciting city in New Zealand with ______ _____ ______ ______ ______（97）living there.

New Zealand, in the South Pacific, _____ ____ （98）two large islands plus other smaller islands with an area of 270. 000 sq km. North Island has a warm climate and there is quite a lot of volcanic activity. South Island is cooler and has a higher rainfall.

U5

Another well—known folk dance is the Yangge, which is often performed on special occasions. In many parts of the country, you can see people of all ages dancing in the street during festivals. They

________ ______ ______（99）beautiful costumes. ______ _______ ______（100）to the rhythm of loud drums. People like to watch performances of this unique folk dance.

Blues ______ ______ ______（101）the music of African slaves brought to the United States. It iS closely related to the music of West Africa. It became well—known throughout the world through such musicians as Muddy Waters and B. B. King. In many ways, blues music ______ ______ ______

______ （102）in many of today's popular tunes.

U6

This area, north of Sichuan Province, is____ ______ _______ ______（103）. Every year, visitors from all over the world come to admire the mountains, lakes, streams, trees, underground springs and waterfalls which make Jiuzhaigou Valley an area of _________ _______ ________（104）.

The water in the vall ey’S lakes. streams and waterfalls is famous for being very clear. The valley is also home to many protected species of plants including bamboo. ____ ____（105）, such as pandas, also live in the valley.

英语试题答案

听力（15×1）

1-5 BAACC 5-10 BBCAA 11-15 CBBCC

单项填空（15×1）

16—20 ACBCB 2l—25 DCDAA 26—30 ABBBB

完形填空（20×1）

31—35 ABDAD 30-40 CBDCA 41-45 DCBAC 46-50 DABDC

阅读理解（20×2）

51-55 DACBC 56—60 BBDCA 61-155 BBBDB 66-70 CDCDB

语法填空（10×1）

71. were 72. is going to have 73. were sitting 74. has offered

75. lived 76. before 77. until 78. since

79. that 80. whom

选词填空（10×1）

81. experiences 82. offered 83. performing 84. appreciation

85. interested 86. developed 87. addition 88. share

89. ruins 90. matters

汉译英（5×4）

91. My mother suggested that I （should）make a list before packing my luggage.

92. Any suggestions are welcome that can help us put our ideas into practice. / We welcome any suggestions that can help us put our ideas into practice.

93. Don't care too much about your grades. What matters most is whether you have developed good habits of learning,

94. She tried hard not to laugh, leaving me wondering what went wrong.

95. The balloons which were put up in the classroom added to the festive atmosphere.

背诵课文填空（10×0.5）

96. is located on 97. people of many different cultures

98. consists of 99. Are dressed in

100. skipping back and forth 101. started off as

102. remains an important element 103. a unique natural wonder

104. outstanding natural beauty 105. Endangered animals