(完整版)高中虚拟语气用法详解

(完整版)高中虚拟语气用法详解
(完整版)高中虚拟语气用法详解

一、什么是虚拟语气

虚拟语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的一种愿望,假设,怀疑,猜测,建议等含义,虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。

If I were you, I'd take them away. 如果我是你的话,我就会带走他们。 (不可能是你,所以这是不存在的事实,所以用虚拟语气)

If I had met Tom, I could have told him. 如果我碰见了Tom ,我就告诉他了。

If I had time, I could come to help you. 如果我有时间,我会来帮助你的。

He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. 他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。

He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他给我们讲的好像他去过那儿。

二、虚拟语气的用法

虚拟语气在一般用于简单句,宾语从句,主语从句,表语从句,壮语从句以及同位于从句。(下面我们分别看一下)

1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中,表示祝愿,命令,它的谓语动词就是原形。

May you be happy. 祝你幸福。

May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。

May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。

Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快!

You go out !你出去!

2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。

在suggest, advise, propose, insist, demand, desire, request, require, decide, order, command 等动词后的宾语从句中,要用虚拟语气,表示建议、要求、决定或命令等,其谓语动词形式为should+ 动词原形,其中should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。

We proposed that the medicine (should) be cleaned again. 我们提出把那台机器再清洗一次。

The captain ordered that we (should) leave the village before daybreak. 上尉下令叫我们在天亮前离开村庄。

The students requested that the teachers sing a song at the English evening. 学生们要求老师们在英语晚会上唱一支歌。

The workers demanded that their pay (should) be raised. 工人们要求增加工资。

He insisted that John (should) do the job. 他坚决要求约翰干这项工作。

She suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week. 她建议会议应该推迟至下一周。

[注意] insist 作“力言”、“强调”解时宾语从句不用虚拟语气。

Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything. 迈克力言他从未偷过东西。只有当作“坚决要

求” 、“坚持要”解时宾语从句才用虚拟语气。

I insist she go there with her mother. 我坚持要她同她母亲到那儿去。

Suggest作“暗示”、“表明”解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气。

Her pale face suggested that she was seriously ill. 苍白的脸上可以看出,她病得很厉害。只有当suggest作“建议”解时,才用虚拟语气。

We suggested that the sports meet (should) be put off until next Saturday. 我们建议把运动会推迟到下星期六。

在动词wish后面的宾语从句中,表示不可能实现的愿望。汉语一般可译为“但愿…”,“可惜…”,“悔不该…”,“…就好了”等。

在宾语从句中,表示现在不可能实现的愿望时,谓语动词用过去式(动词be 的过去式用were);

I wish it were spring all the year round. 要是一年到头都是春天该多好啊!

I wish I could help you. 但愿我能帮助你。

如表示过去未能实现的愿望时,谓语动词就用过去完成式( had+过去分词);

She wishes she had been here last week. 她想要是她上星期在这里就好了。

表示与将来事实可能相反的愿望时,谓语动词一般用would+动词原形。

I wish you would be more careful in future. 希望你今后会更小心一些才好。

在would rather/sooner (宁愿),would prefer (希望)后面的宾语从句中,表示与现在事实或将来可能相反愿望时,谓语动词用过去式;表示过去未能实现的愿望时,谓语动词就用过去完成式,同。

I would rather he came next Saturday. 我宁愿他下星期六来。

I would prefer he didn 'tstay there too long. 我倒希望他在那儿不要呆得太久。

3) 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。

在句型"It is important (necessary, strange, impossible, natural) that .... " 中,that 后面的从句

中的谓语动词用:should + 动词原形。

It's necessary that we should have a walk now. 我们有必要出去散散步。

It's natural that she should do so. 她这样做是很自然的。

It's important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。

在句型"It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, better) that .. " 中,that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用:should + 动词原形。

It was a great pity that you (should) have made so many mistakes in your math exercise. 太遗憾了,你居然在数学练习中犯了那么多错误

It will be better that she stay with her grandmother. 她和她的祖母在一起就好了。

在句型"It is suggested (requested, proposed, ordered) that ... "中,that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用:should + 动词原形。

It was suggested that the sports meet be put off until next Saturday. 大家建议把运动会推迟到下星期六。

It is desired that we (should) get everything ready by tonight. 希望我们到今晚将一切准备就绪。

It was ordered that the medicine be sent there by plane. 命令马上用飞机把药送往那里。

4) 虚拟语气用于表语从句中。

由suggestion, order, advice, desire, idea, request, proposal 等名词做主语的句子里,其表语录从句用虚拟语气表示建议、命令或要求等。从句中的谓语动词形式为should+动词原形,其中should 可以省略。

My advice is that more trees (should) be planted around the village. 我的建议是在村庄周围多种些树。

Their proposal is that we should set up a spare time school for them. 他们的提议是要我们为他

们成立一所业余学校。

His idea is that we (should) discuss the report.他的意见是我们应讨论一下这个报告。

5)虚拟语气用于同位语从句中。

作名词suggestion, order, proposal, idea, plan等的同位语从句中用虚拟语气,其谓语动词的形式为should+动词原形,其中should可以省略。例如:

We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing. 我们都同意他的

意见,去北京观光。

What do you think of the idea that we should beg in the sec ond experime nt at once? 你认为我们立即开始第二次实验的意见怎么样?

(总结上面的几点,其实大家应该看到了,只要涉及建议,要求,渴望等一些词,女口suggest, advise, propose, in sist, dema nd, desire, request, require, decide, order, comma nd,就要用虚拟语气。但是还是要注意,有些词只要在表示建议,要求时才使用虚拟语气,刚才已经见过了,

女口suggest, insist。)

If I were you, I should buy it.如果我是你,我就买了它。(现在)

If I had time, I would study French. 如果我有时间,我会学习法语的。(现在)

If she knew En glish, she would not ask me for help. 如果她懂英语的话,她不会找我帮忙的。

(现在)

If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. 女口果你早一点起床,就会赶上火车的。

(过去)

If it were fine tomorrow, I would go shopp ing. 女口果明天天气好,我就去买东西。(将来)

注意的几个问题:

1)并不是if引导的条件从句都是虚拟语气。如果if从句所指的事很有可能发生,那么这是真实条件句;反之,则是虚拟条件句

If you study hard, you will surely pass the exam in ati on.(真实条件句)

If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.(虚拟条件句)

2)有时if引导的状语从句可以省略if,而把从句中的动词were, had或should移到主语

前面,偶尔did和would, should也可以提前。

Were she younger, she would do it .如果她年青点,她就会干的。

Had he kn ow n her address, he would had go ne to visit her. 如果他知道她的地址,他会去看她

的。

Did time permit, we might go there. 如果时间允许,我们可以去那。

3)有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略,而只剩下一个主句或者一个条件从句。

I could help you. 我本来可以帮助你。

If I had time. 我要有时间该多好啊!

She should have come to the party. 她应该来参加聚会。

4)虚拟语气中,条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致。

If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now. 如果他们以前努力学习的话,现在干的就会容易些。

If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this. 如果他不听取我的建议,他就不会干得这样好。

5)由as if或as though引导的状语从句或表语从句中,也用虚拟语气(过去时或过去完成时)。

She loves the child as if he were her own.

“How wild his white hair looked —as if it had been electrified. ”

She feels as if/as though she were in danger.

如果表达的内容接近事实的可能性大,一般也可用陈述语气。

It looks (seems) as if/as though it is going to rain.

6)在It is (high/about) time that 从句中,谓语动词用一般过去式得虚拟语气。

It is time we went to bed.

Its about time you began your work.

高考虚拟语气用法详解()

高考虚拟语气用法详解 一·语气概述 和时态语态一样,语气也是谓语动词的一种形式,它表明说话者的目的和意图。英语中有三种语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。(有的语法书说语气有四种,即还包括疑问语气)。 eg:①He doesn’t see very well in his right eye .他右眼视力不太好。(陈述语气) ②Have they ever been to Australia ?他们去过澳大利亚没有?(疑问语气) ③Please read through the instruction in advance .请先通读说明书。(祈使语 气) 二·虚拟语气概述 在英语中,由于说话人的意图不同,动词需用不同的形式,称为语气。虚拟语气是指说话人表示一种假设的情况,一种愿望,怀疑,推测,请求等,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实。虚拟语气可用于状语从句,名词性从句,定语从句及其他结构中。 三·非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 真实条件句(遵循主将从现原则) A.由If引导的两种条件句: 非真实条件句(虚拟语气) 以下为If在非真实条件句中虚拟语气的形式和用法: 假设类型If从句主句 与现在事实相反did (be用were)should/would/ could/might do 与过去事实相反had done should/would/ could/might have done 与将来事实相反1)did 2)were to do 3)should do should/would/ could/might do eg:①If I were you ,I would reconsider their advice .如果我是你的话,我会重新考虑他们的意见。(与现在事实相反) ②You would not have caught a cold if you had put on more clothes .如果你多穿了些衣服,你就不会得感冒了。(与过去事实相反)

虚拟语气用法总结及详细解析

虚拟语气用法 英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句) 2、祈使句表示说话人对对方的请求、警告,建议或命令。如: Please come over here. 请到这边来。 Watch your steps! 当心!(走路) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实,或难以实现的情况,甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外,如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时,也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如: If I were a bird,I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。 If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 4、有时,虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时,if可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即把were, should, had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话,我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 【注意】 若条件从句为否定句,否定词not应置于主语之后,而不能与were,should,had 等缩略成Weren't,Shouldn't,Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏,我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time,I would come. 假若我有时间,我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来,暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中,如without…, but for…,otherwise(要不是因为)等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢。

虚拟语气用法详解

虚拟语气用法详解 一、条件句中的虚拟语气 1.条件句中虚拟语气的形式 从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件,主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。条件句中的虚拟语气根 2. 条件句中的虚拟语气的举例 (1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如: If he should go to Qing Hua Univer sity, he would make full use of his time. If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. (2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如: If he were free, he would help us.

If he studied at this school, he wo uld know you well. (3) 过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如:If I had seen the film, I would have tol d you about it. If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 3.运用条件句中的虚拟语气时,须注意的几个问题 (1) 有时,虚拟条件句中,主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时,须区别对待。 从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。如: If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. If they had informed us, we would not come here now. (2) 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有wer e, should, had时,if可省略,而将were, s hould, had等词置于句首。如: Should he agree to go there, we wo uld send him there. Were she here, she would agree wit h us. Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. (3) 有时,句子没有直接给出假设情况的条件,而须通过上下文或其他方式来判断。如:

英语虚拟语气类型用法

二、虚拟语气的判断: 1. if 条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断。if 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句,反之为非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。其形式分为以下三种: (1) 与过去事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”,主句用“should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”。例如: If it had not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. 如果昨天没有下大雨,我们就能玩网球了。 (2) 与现在事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用过去式,系动词用were,主句的谓语用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。例如: If I were in your position, I would marry her. 如果我是你,我就娶她为妻。 (3) 与将来事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用“should (were to) + 动词原形”,主句用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。例如: If you should miss the chance, you would feel sorry for it. 如果你错过了这次机会,你会难过的。 2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气。 (1) wish后接宾语从句中的虚拟语气:根据从句的意义来判断。 A: 表示与现在和将来事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去时态。例如: I wish they were not so late. 要是他们来得不是这么晚就好了。 B: 表示与过去事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。例如: I wished he hadn't done that. 我真希望那件事不是他做的。 (2) 表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。用于此结构的动词有:advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest 等。从句的谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”,其中should 可以省去。例如: I insisted that he (should) go with us. 我坚持让他和我们一起去。 注意:当insist 表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明,显示”时,不用虚拟语气。例如:

完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图

虚拟语气在as if/as though引导的方式状语从句中1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑,谓语动词用过去式。 He treats the boy as if he were his own son. 2.表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用过去完成时。 He spoke as if he had known about it. 3.表示与将来事实相反,(表示将来的可能性不大),用would (might, could)+动词原形 He acts as if he could win in the game . 注意:1.在as if/as though 句中,如果有可能成为事实,用陈述语气。 例:He looks as if he going to be ill. 2.as though或as if引导的状语从句,从句主语和主句主语相同时,从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。 虚拟语气用在lest,for fear that,so that及in order that引导的目的状语从句中表示“以防,以免”等意思谓语动词多用should/could/might+动词原型构成 For fear that it may rain tomorrow, we should bring an umbrella. 由“providing(that) /provided(that)/on condition that/suppose (that)/supposing (that)”引导的条件从句根据情况,1.可以用虚拟语气。 例:suppose/supposing that it rained,we shouldn’t go out. 2.也可以用陈述语气。 例:They are willing to surrender provided they are given free pardon..

虚拟语气的用法讲解

第一部分:语气的定义和种类 1 语气(mood) 语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。2 语气的种类 ⑴、陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如: ①There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。 ②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗? ③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊! ⑵、祈使语气:表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如: ①Never be late again!再也不要迟到了。 ②Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。 ⑶、虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如: ①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。 ②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。 ③May you succeed!祝您成功! 虚拟语气在语法里算得上是个难点。让我们就从最简单的开始吧。 第二部分:简单句中的虚拟语气 一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气,常用于日常会话中。 如: ⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗? ⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。 二、表祝愿。 1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿,但愿,此时may须置于句首(多用于正式文体中)。 ⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好运! ⑵、May you be happy!祝你快乐! ⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就! ⑷、May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。

高中英语提高之虚拟语气用法

虚拟语气用法 虚拟语气用法
概念
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想, 而不表示客观存在的事实, 所说的是一个条件, 不一定是事实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分 为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。
应用条件
在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气,表示主观愿望或 某种强烈情感时,也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的 主观想法,而不是根据客观实际,就用虚拟语气。
在非真实条件状语从句中的用法
真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句
条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表 示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。 例: If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点,他 将错过巴士。( 真实) If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果 他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。 (真实) If I were you, I would go at once. 如果我是你, 我马上就会去。(非真实, 虚拟语气) If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气,人就会死亡。 (非真实,虚拟语气)
用法及动词形式
从句
If+主语 +did If+ 主语+did 主语 were) ( be 动词 were )
主句
与现在事实相反
主语+should/would/ 主语 +should/would/ could/might+do

高中英语虚拟语气的用法

高中英语虚拟语气的用法 一、考查虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 时间从句谓语形式(be用were不可改变)主句谓语形式 将来一般过去时(be用were) would/should/might/could+动词原形 现在一般过去时(be用were) would/should/might/could+动词原形 过去现在完成时would/should/might/could+had done (1)If he my advice, he wouldn' t have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow (2)If we the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. taken B. had taken C. took D. have taken (3) -John went to the hospital alone. -If he me about it, I would have gone with him. A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 二、考查特殊句型中的虚拟语气 英语中需要使用虚拟语气的特殊句型不多,主理有以下类: 1.“倒装”类虚拟语气 当虚拟条件句中含有were, should, had时,有时可将引导虚拟条件句的连词if省略,而将从句中的were,should, had提到句首,构成倒装形式的虚拟语气。如: If he were here, she would agree too.→Were she here, she would agree too.如果她在这里,她也同意的。. If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the match. →Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the match.假若明天下雨,我们只好推迟这场比赛。 If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.→Had we found him earlier we could have saved his life. 要是我们当时早点找到他的话,我们就可以救活他。 注意,如果条件从句的谓语为否定式,其中的否定词not应置于主语之后,而不能与were,should, had等缩略成Weren' t, Shouldn' t, Hadn'场置于句首。如:我如不是警告了你,你就可能丧命了。 正: If I hadn' t warned you, you could have been killed. 正: Had I not warned you, you could have been killed. 误: Hadn' t I warned you, you could have been killed. 另外,有时省略if后提前到句首的had可能不是助动词,而是实义动词。 如: Had I time, I would go with you.假如我有时间,我就同你们一起去。句中的had不是构成过去完成时的助动词,而是表示“有”,如果不省略if ,完整形式为:If I had time, I would go with you. (1) Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy____. (2010浙江卷) A.would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved (2) fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. (2006湖北) A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 2.“宁愿”类虚拟语气 这里说的“宁愿”主要是指would rather。当它后接句子的时候,句子的谓语通常要用虚

(完整word版)虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气(the subjunctive mood)用法归纳 第一部分:语气的定义和种类 1、语气(mood) 语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 2、语气的种类 ⑴陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和 某些感叹句。如: ①There are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两个方面。 ②Were you busy all day yesterday? 昨天一整天你都很忙吗? ③How good a teacher she is! 她是多好的一位老师啊! ⑵祈使语气:表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如: ①Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。 ②Don’t forget to turn off the light. 别忘了关灯。 ⑶虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推 测等。如: ①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。 ②I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。 ③May you succeed! 祝您成功! 第二部分:简单句中的虚拟语气 一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气, 常用于日常会话中。如: ⑴Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office? 请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗? ⑵It would be better for you not to stay up too late. 你最好别熬夜到很晚。 二、表祝愿。 1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿,但愿,may须置于句首(多用于正式文体中)。如: ⑴May good luck be yours! 祝你好运! ⑵May you be happy! 祝你快乐! ⑶May you do even better! 祝你取得更大成就! ⑷May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。 ⑸May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。 ⑹May you be happy. 祝你幸福。 【注意】本句型属于部分倒装句型,主语后用动词原形。 2、用动词原形。如: ⑴Long live the people! 人民万岁! ⑵“God bless you,” said the priest. 牧师说:“愿上帝保佑你!” ⑶Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快! 三、表示强烈愿望。(该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形,第三人称单数也不加“s”) ⑴God save me. ⑵Heaven help us. 四、表命令。 1. 命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you),而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。

(完整版)虚拟语气倒装(讲解+练习)

虚拟语气 有些条件句是可能实现的,称为真实条件句. 虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式,用来表达说话人的意愿.请求,设想,等未能或不可能实现的事实,或说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况.做这类题时首先要弄清楚虚拟语气的各种句型,即由if引导的虚拟条件句,省略if的倒装形式,可跟虚拟语气的宾语从句,同位语从句,表语从句的句型,以及表示祝愿或感叹的句子和由without, but for等介词引导的短语或句子. 主要用法 1). 主语从句,同位语从句中虚拟语气的用法. 2). 宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法,尤其是wish 虚拟语气结构的用法. 3). If条件句中虚拟语气的用法,应特别注意省略if的倒装结构是考试的重点. 4). would rather(=wish)等结构中虚拟语气的用法. 5). if only(如果。。。就好了)结构中虚拟语气的用法. 6). But, or, otherwise 等含蓄条件句的用法. 7). It’s time (that)(早该。。。。)等结构中虚拟语气的用法. 1. 虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的运用 (1) 虚拟语气现在时,用以表示与现在/将来事实相反的假设或现在实

现可能性不大的情况. Eg. If I were a bird, I would fly to you. If it is not for their help, we shall be in a very difficult position. If it were not for their help, we should be in a very difficult position. If I had seen the film, I would….. (2) 虚拟语气过去式. 表示与过去事实完全相反的假设. Eg. If we had started earlier, we should not have missed the train. If she hadn’t been ill, she might have come. If she were not ill, she might come.

英语虚拟语气用法详解

英语虚拟语气用法详解 1. 英语语气的概念 英语有三种语气,即陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。陈述语气用于陈述事实、提出看法或问题等,祈使语气用于表示请求、命令或警告等,虚拟语气则表示假想或主观愿望。如: I like this book the best. 我最喜欢这本书。(陈述语气) Don’t be so careless. 不要如此粗心大意。(祈使语气) I suggest that we should go tomorrow. 我建议我们明天走。(虚拟语气) If you dropped the glass, it would break. 假如你把玻璃杯掉在地上,它会打碎的。(虚拟语气) 3. 虚拟条件句的基本类型 (1) 与现在事实相反:若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。如: If we left now, we should arrive in good time. 假如我们现在就走的话,我们就会及时到达。 (2) 与过去事实相反:若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, coul d, might)+have+过去分词”。如: If he had been in that train then, he might have been k illed in that accident. 如果当时他也在那列火车上,他可能就死于那场车祸了。

(3) 与将来事实相反:若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。如: If he went,would you go too? 如果他去,你也去吗?(大概他不会去) If I asked him,I’m sure he’d help us. 如果我向他提出要求,肯定他会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做) 3. 错综时间虚拟条件句 所谓错综时间虚拟条件句即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致,如从句指过去,而主句即指的是现在或将来,此时应根据具体的语境情况,结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整。如:If you’d listened to me, you wouldn’t be in such tro uble now. 如果你听了我的话,你现在也不会有这样的麻烦了。 If you were in better health, we’d have let you go wit h us. 你要是身体好一点,我们就让你和我们一道去了。 4. 含蓄虚拟条件句 所谓含蓄虚拟条件句即指将条件从句隐藏在上下文一定的短语中的一类条件句。如: Anybody else would have believed you. 任何别人都会相信你的话了。 Without your help, I couldn’t have achieved all this. 要不是有你帮助,我不会取得这些成就。 I would have written before, but I have been ill. 我本想给你写信的,但我生病了。 5. if it weren’t (wasn’t) for与if it hadn’t been for

虚拟语气用法大全

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