湘潭大学非英语专业研究生期末考试英汉互译30题
1. Walking through my train yesterday, staggering from my seat to the buffet and back, I counted five people reading Harry Potter novels.
昨天在地铁上，我摇晃着在座位和餐室之间走了个来回，看到有五个人在读《哈里·波特》小说。
2. But they were card-carrying grown-ups with laptops and spreadsheets returning from sales meetings and seminars.
但他们是成年人，是揣着信用卡，拎着手提电脑，带着各种电子表格，刚刚出席完销售会议和研讨会的成年人。
3. Ever since the invention of moving pictures, the written word has struggled to be as instantaneously exciting.
自从活动画面发明问世以来，书面文字就一直努力想要达到跟它一样令人一见倾心。书面文字有许多超越电影的长处，但它永远也无法具有电影的吸引力。
4. Y es, I’m a writer myself, writing difficult, unreadable, hopefully unsettling novels, but there are so many other good books out there, so much rewarding, enlightening, enlarging works for adults.
是的，我自己就是个作家，写作晦涩难懂的，最好能让人不安的小说。但还有那么多别的好书，给大人看的那么有益的，启人心智，长人见识的小说类作品。
5. It seems as though there has been nothing quite as good since —that’s only because you’re supposed to grow out of children’s book.
从那时起似乎就再也没有能和它们媲美的书了—那只是因为你可能随着年龄的增长逐渐不再读儿童书籍了。
6. I’ve been wanting to write on a subject that intrigues and challenges me: the subject of lying.
有个题目既让我着迷，又富有挑战性，就此写篇文章的念头由来已久，这个题目就是撒谎。
7. Without these little white lies, they say, our relationships would be short and brutish and nasty.
他们说，如果没有无伤大雅的谎言，人际关系就会短暂，粗野和龌鹾。
8. My fri end does not indulge in what he calls “flattery, false praise and mellifluous comments”.
我这位朋友从不讲他称之为“吹捧、言不由衷的赞扬和甜言蜜语”之类的话。9. Many people tell peace-keeping lies; lies designed to avoid irritation or argument; lies designed to shelter the liar from possible blame or pain; lies (or so it is rationalized) designed to keep trouble at bay without hurting anyone.
不少人撒谎是为了保持一团和气，其目的在于避免不快和争执，使说谎者自己避免可能遇到的谴责和痛苦。把麻烦控制在一定的范围之内，以免给谁带来伤害（起码可以这么自圆其说）。
10. And furthermore, we find ourselves lying in order to back up the lies that are backing up the lie we initially told.另外，一旦说个谎话，我们后来会发现要接着圆谎，好让以前的谎言不露馅。
11. It’s a design feature of the male psyche—a biological drive that is rooted in the nervous system and regulated by hormones and brain chemicals.
它还是男性特征的一个组成部分—一种植根于神经系统，受荷尔蒙和大脑化学物质控制的生物冲动。
The drive for dominance skews our perceptions, colors our friendship, shapes our moods and affects our health.
这种渴望支配他人的冲动影响我们对事物的理解，影响我们跟他人的友谊，也影响我们的心情和健康。
12. How do we know this relentless one-upmanship is a biological endowment? If the tendency showed up only in certain societies, it would be easier to dismiss as something we learn.
我们如何确定这种不懈的要使自己胜人一筹的精神是一种生物天赋呢？如果这种倾向只是出现在某些社会中，那么就可以很容易作为某种后天学会的东西而不被认定是一种生物天赋。
13. For sheer sex appeal, a doughy bald guy in a blue Blazer and Rolex will outscore a stud in a Burger King uniform almost every time. Power, it seems, really is the ultimate aphrodisiac.
就纯粹的性吸引力而言，一个穿戴阔气时髦，身体像发了酵的面团似的秃顶男人，其得分几乎每次都会超过一个穿着一般，自恃性感十足的情种。看来，权势才真正是最棒的催情药。
14. By the same token, powerlessness can be toxic. Scores of studies have linked male depression to problems with success, power and competition.
由于同样的原因，没有权力可以给人带来危害。许多研究证明男性抑郁与成功、权利以及竞争等方面的问题有关。
A sudden loss of employment can be especially devastating, costing men their marriages as well as their self-esteem.
突然失业可能特别严重，它将使得男人失去他们的婚姻以及他们的自尊。
15. Even among nonhuman primates, the most durable leaders are those who kiss babies, flatter allies and share their bounty—in short, the ones who govern by consent.
即使是在非人类的灵长类动物中，最持久的统治者也是那些亲吻幼崽，逢迎盟友，共享成果者。简而言之，那些按照公众意愿治理王国者。
16. To the extent that it is genuine, my caring is not a smothering of the person or a possessive clinging.
只要我的关心是真诚的，那么它就不会是对我所关爱的人的一种压抑或占有性的依附。
17. Consequently, I don’t put up roadblocks t o what you do that enhances you as a person, even though it may result in my discomfort at times.
因此，对你为完善自己所做的一切，我决不设置障碍，即使你做的事情有时会使我不快。
18. A lover does have the capacity to hurt or neglect the loved one, and in this sense I see that love entails an acceptance of some responsibility for the impact my way of being has on you.
一个爱别人的人确实可能会伤害或忽视所爱之人，从这个意义上说，爱包含着我要对我的生活方式对你的影响承担一定的责任。
19. If we trust each other, we are willing to be open to each other and can shed masks and pretenses and reveal our true selves.
如果我们彼此信任，我们就愿意敞开心扉，摘下面具，去掉伪装，显示我们真实的自我。
20. Mature love is union under the condition of preserving one’s integrity, one’s individuality. In love this paradox occurs that two beings become one and yet remain two.
成熟的爱是两人的结合，但又不失各自的完整和特性。爱中有这种矛盾现象：合二为一，却又一分为二。
21.The modern U.S. livestock farm is a factory, and concern is mounting that automated agriculture may not only be cruel to the animals but hazardous to those who eat the meat as well.
在美国，现代化的家畜农场就像是一个工厂，自动化的农业也许不仅在对待动物时非常残酷，而且会给吃肉的人带来危险，这受到越来越多的关注。
22. For the milky-white flesh prized by (food) connoisseurs, the calf, after eight weeks, is fed a low-iron formula that induces borderline anemia.为了获得为食品鉴赏家所看重的乳白色鲜肉，八个星期后，这头小牛将会被喂养可能导致贫血的低铁的配方饲料。
23.The Humane Society has developed a fivefold declaration of animal “freedom”: the freedom to be able to get up easily, to lie down, to turn around, to stretch, and to groom or preen.
人道主义协会发表了关于动物自由的五项声明：它们应该由轻松站起、躺下、转身、伸展、保持整洁的自由。
24. One aspect of the controversy, however, unites even the most unsentimental proponents of factory farming with the knee-jerk advocates of humane treatment for livestock.
然而，争论的另一方面却把甚至最不易动感情的工厂化倡导者和对家畜实行人道的自发支持者联合起来。
25. The British banned the nonprescription use in animal feeds of antibiotics needed in human medicine.
英国禁止在动物饲料中非处方使用人类药物中的抗生素。
26. Perhaps the most difficult aspect of the Japanese for Westerners to comprehend is the strong orientation to collective values, particularly a collective sense of responsibility. 也许在西方人看来，日本人最不好理解的方面就是强烈的集体价值倾向，尤其是那种集体责任感。
27. “To single one person out as being more productive is wrong and is also personally humiliating to us”The company changed its compensation system to the Japanese model. “单单挑出某一个人来说他生产效率更高，这种做法不对，而且就个人而言那会弄得大家很没面子。”于是公司转向了日本式的工资体制。
28. For an accepted idea the individual received a bonus amounting to some fraction of the productivity savings realized from his or her suggestion.
对于每一条被采纳的建议，有关个人会得到一份奖金，相当于他或她提出的建议所产生效益的一小部分。
29. In this situation, it was inevitable that the one most central social value which emerged, the one value without which the society could not continue, was that an individual does not matter.这种生存环境不可避免地会产生那种认为个人无足轻重的中心社会价值观，一旦失去了这种价值观，这个社会就无法维系了。
30. Subordinating individual tastes to the harmony of the group and knowing that individual needs can never take precedence over the interests of all is repellent to the Western citizen.个人趣味屈从于群体和谐，个人需求绝不能凌驾于集体利益之上，所有这些是西方公民无法接受的。
2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析
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