上海部分区县高三调研测试

合集下载

【2025届上海高三一模数学】2025届上海市黄浦区高三数学一模试卷及解析

黄浦区2024学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试数学试卷（完卷时间：120分钟满分：150分）考生注意：1．每位考生应同时收到试卷和答题卷两份材料,解答必须在答题卷上进行,写在试卷上的解答一律无效.2．答卷前,考生务必将姓名,准考证号等相关信息在答题卷上填写清楚. 3．本试卷共21道试卷．一,填空题（本大题共有12题,满分54分．其中第1～6题每题满分4分,第7～12题每题满分5分）考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果．1．若集合{}1,2A =,{}1,3B =,则A B = ．2．不等式2320x x -+<的解集为3．椭圆22143x y +=的焦距是 .4．若圆柱的底面半径与高均为1,则其侧面积为． 5．61x x ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭的二项展开式的常数项为6．若正数x ,y 满足41x y +=,则xy 的最大值为．7．从A 校高一年级学生中抽取66名学生测量他们的身高,其中最大值为184cm,最小值152cm,绘制身高频率分布直方图,若组距为3,且第一组下限为151.5,则组数为．8．在正四面体ABCD 中,点N 是ABC 的中心,若(),,R DN DA DB BC λμνλμν=++∈,则λμν++= ．9．若()3f x x =,()()(),0,,0,f x xg x f x x ⎧≥⎪=⎨-<⎪⎩则不等式()g x x <-的解集为．10．i 为虚数单位,若复数1z 满足1|1i |z -+,复数2z 满足221i z z =+-,则12z z -的最小值为．11．一个机器零件的形状是有缺口的圆形铁片,如图中实线部分为裁剪后的形状．已知这个圆的半径是13cm,8cm AB =,6cm BC =,且AB BC ⊥,则圆心到点B 的距离约为 cm ．（结果精确到0.1cm ）12．设常数b 为整数,数列{}n a 的通项公式为()22n b a n b =++,若12m m m a a a ++++（1m ≥,Z m ∈）的最小值为 7,则b ＝．二,选择题（本大题共有4题,满分18分．其中第13-14题每题满分4分,第15-16题每题满分5分）每题有且只有一个正确答案,考生应在答题纸的相应编号上,将代表答案的小方格涂黑,选对得满分,否则一律得零分．13．掷一颗质地均匀的骰子,观察朝上面的点数．设事件E ：点数是奇数,事件F ：点数是偶数,事件G ：点数是3的倍数,事件H ：点数是4．下列每对事件中,不是互斥事件的为（） A ．E 与FB ．F 与GC ．E 与HD ．G 与H14．若从正方体八个顶点中任取四个顶点分别记为A ,B ,C ,D ,则直线AB 与CD 所成角的大小不可能为（） A ．30B ．45C ．60D ．9015．设02πx ≤<,满足ππsin sin sin 66x x ⎛⎫+=+ ⎪⎝⎭的x 的个数为（）A ．0个B ．1个C ．2个D ．无数个16．设函数()y f x =在区间I 上有导函数()y f x '=,且()0f x '<在区间I 上恒成立,对任意的x I ∈,有()f x I ∈．对于各项均不相同的数列{}n a ,1a I ∈,()1n n a f a +=,下列结论正确的是（） A ．数列{}21n a -与{}2n a 均是严格增数列 B ．数列{}21n a -与{}2n a 均是严格减数列C ．数列{}21n a -与{}2n a 中的一个是严格增数列,另一个是严格减数列D ．数列{}21n a -与{}2n a 均既不是严格增数列也不是严格减数列三,解答题（本大题共有5题,满分78分）解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤．17．如图,在正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,E 是1BC 的中点．(1)求证：1⊥BC 平面CDE .(2)求直线DE 与平面ABCD 所成角的大小． 18．已知()sin f x x =．(1)求函数()π2y f x f x ⎛⎫=⋅- ⎪⎝⎭的最小正周期.(2)求函数23πy f x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭,π0,2x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦的单调减区间．19．A 校高一年级共有学生330名,为了解该校高一年级学生的身高情况,学校采用分层随机抽样的方法抽取66名学生,其中女生32名,男生34名,测量他们的身高．(1)该校高一学生中男,女生各有多少名？(2)若从这66名学生中随机抽取两名,求这两名都是男生的概率.(3)在32名女生身高的数据中,其中一个数据记录有误,错将165cm 记录为156cm,由错误数据求得这32个数据的平均数为161cm,方差为23.6875,求原始数据的平均数及方差．（平均数结果保留精确值,方差结果精确到0.01）20．双曲线()2222Γ:10,0x y a b a b -=>>的左,右焦点分别为F c ,0 ,()2,0F c （0c >）,过点1F 的直线l 与Γ右支在x 轴上方交于点A ．(1)若a 点A 的坐标为(3,4),求c 的值.(2)若212AF F F ⊥,且,,a b c 是等比数列,求证：直线l 的斜率为定值.(3)设直线l 与Γ左支的交点为B ,3c =,当且仅当a 满足什么条件时,存在直线l ,使得2||||AB AF =成立．21．函数()y f x =的定义域为D ,在D 上仅有一个极值点0x ,方程()0f x =在D 上仅有两解,分别为1x ,2x ,且102x x x <<．若1202x x x +>,则称函数()y f x =在D 上的极值点左偏移,若1202x x x +<,则称函数()y f x =在D 上的极值点右偏移． (1)设()21f x x =-,R D =,判断函数()y f x =在D 上的极值点是否左偏移或右偏移？(2)设0m >且1m ≠,()32f x x mx x m =--+,()0,D =+∞,求证：函数()y f x =在D 上的极值点右偏移.(3)设R a ∈,()ln f x x ax =-,()0,D =+∞,求证：当10e a -<<时,函数()y f x =在D 上的极值点左偏移．1．{}1,2,3【分析】根据并集的定义运算即可.【详解】因为{}1,2A =,{}1,3B =,所以{}1,2,3A B = . 故答案为: {}1,2,3.2．()1,2【分析】根据二次不等式的求解方法求解即可【详解】因为()()2320210x x x x -+<⇔--<.所以不等式的解集为：{|12}x x <<. 故答案为：()1,2.3．2【详解】分析：由椭圆方程可求a b ，,然后由c =可求c ,进而可求焦距详解：∵椭圆22143x y +=,2a b ∴==，∴122c c ==∴=，. 即答案为2．点睛：本题主要考查了椭圆的性质的简单应用,属基础题4．2π【分析】根据圆柱的侧面积公式直接计算可得. 【详解】由题意,圆柱的侧面积为：2π2πrh S ==. 故答案为：2π5．20【详解】61x x ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭的二项展开式的通项为662166C C r r r r rr T x x x ---+==．令620r -=得3r =．所以61x x ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭的二项展开式的常数项为36C 20=．6．116【分析】令14x y =-,再结合二次函数的性质求解即可.【详解】因为正数x ,y 满足41x y +=,所以14x y =-. 所以()22111444816xy y y y y y æöç÷=-=-+=--+ç÷èø.所以当18y =时,最大值为116. 故答案为：116. 7．11【分析】根据组距即可求解.【详解】第一组下限为151.5,组距为3,所以151.5310181.5+⨯=. 故第11组的下限为181.5,因此组数为11. 故答案为：11 8．##1【分析】依题意设OA a =,OB b =,OC c =,利用勾股定理即可得到a b c ==,设该正四面体的棱长为√2,求出点的坐标,结合DN DA DB BC λμν=++利用空间向量法计算求解.【详解】因为在正四面体ABCD 中,AB BC CA ==,正四面体ABCD 的顶点A ,B ,C 分别在两两垂直的三条射线,,Ox Oy Oz 上. 设OA a =,OB b =,OC c =.由,,OA OB OC 两两垂直,得222222a b b c c a +=+=+. 所以a b c ==,即OA OB OC ==,所以O ABC -是正三棱锥.设该正四面体的棱长为√2,则1a b c ===,于是A 1,0,0 ,()()()0,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1B C D .又点N 是ABC 的中心,所以111,,333N ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭.所以()()()222,,,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1333DN DA DB BC ⎛⎫=---=--=--=- ⎪⎝⎭因为DN DA DB BC λμν=++ ,所以()()()222,,0,1,11,0,10,1,1333λμν⎛⎫---=--+--+- ⎪⎝⎭.可得232323μλνλμν⎧-=-⎪⎪⎪-=--⎨⎪⎪-=--+⎪⎩,得231313μνλ⎧=⎪⎪⎪=⎨⎪⎪=⎪⎩.可得43λμν++=.故答案为：43. 9．()1,0-【分析】先求出分段函数()g x 的解析式,再求不等式()g x x <-的解集. 【详解】0x ≥时,()3g x x =.0x <时,0x ->, ()()33g x x x =-=-.∴()33,0,,0,x x g x x x ⎧≥=⎨-<⎩由()g x x <-得,30x x x ≥⎧⎨<-⎩,①或30x x x <⎧⎨-<-⎩②不等式组①无解.不等式组②的解集为()1,0-综上,不等式()g x x <-的解集为()1,0-. 故答案为：()1,0-.10．2【分析】设111i z a b =+,11,a b ∈R ,222i z a b =+,22,a b ∈R ,由题设易得1z 对应的点()11,a b 的轨迹是以()1,1-为圆心,以r =,2z 对应的点()22,a b 是直线10x y -+=上一点,进而结合圆上一点到直线上一点的距离最值问题求解即可.【详解】设111i z a b =+,11,a b ∈R .则()()111111i i 1i 11i z a b a b -+=+-+=-++.由1|1i |z -+,≤.即()()2211112a b -++≤.则复数1z 对应的点()11,a b 的轨迹是以()1,1-为圆心,以r =. 设222i z a b =+,22,a b ∈R ,则()()222221i=i 1i 11i z a b a b +-++-=++-.由221i z z =+-,=.整理得,2210a b -+=.则复数2z 对应的点()22,a b 是直线10x y -+=上一点. 又()()()1211221212i i i z z a b a b a a b b -=+-+=-+-.所以12z z -=()11,a b 与点()22,a b 之间的距离.因为圆心()1,1-到直线10x y -+=的距离为2d ==.所以12z z -的最小值为22d r -==.. 11．7.3【分析】利用圆的对称性及三角恒等变换,余弦定理计算即可. 【详解】如图所示,设圆心为D ,AC 的中点为E ,则13AD =.由题意易知102AC AE ===. 则54123cos ,cos ,sin ,sin 135135AE AB DAC BAC DAC BAC AD AC ∠==∠==∴∠=∠=.所以()5412356cos cos 13513565BAD DAC BAC ∠=∠-∠=⨯+⨯=. 由余弦定理知2222cos 53.8BD AD AB AD AB BAD =+-⋅⋅∠=. 所以7.3cm BD ≈. 故答案为：7.3.12．6-【分析】根据对称轴n b =-在数轴上的位置分类讨论,结合二次函数的性质研究最值,进而求解.【详解】由题意知Z b ∈.当1b -≤,即1b ≥-时,根据二次函数的性质可知,数列{}n a 在[)1,+∞上单调递增. 此时12m m m a a a ++++的最小值为123a a a ++,故1237a a a ++=-. 可得()212b b ++()222b b +++()2372b b +++=-,化简得229140b b ++=.因为294214310∆=-⨯⨯=-<,所以方程无解,故1b -≤不符合题意. 当2b -≥,即2b ≤-时,根据二次函数的性质可知.12m m m a a a ++++的最小值为11b b b a a a ----+++,故117b b b a a a ----+++=-.即()22117222b b b-++++=-,解得6b =-. 综上所述,6b =-. 故答案为：6- 13．B【分析】根据条件,利用互斥事件的定义,对各个选项逐一分析判断,即可求解.【详解】对于选项A,因为事件E 和事件F 不能同时发生,所以E 与F 互斥,故选项A 错误. 对于选项B,当朝上面的点数为6时,F 与G 同时发生,即F 与G 不是互斥事件,所以选项B 正确.对于选项C,因为事件E 和事件H 不能同时发生,所以E 与H 互斥,故选项C 错误. 对于选项D,因为事件G 和事件H 不能同时发生,所以G 与H 互斥,故选项D 错误. 故选：B. 14．A【分析】由题意作图,根据正方体的几何性质,利用异面直线的夹角的定义,可得答案.【详解】①由题意作图如下：由图易知OCD 为等腰直角三角形,则直线AB 与CD 的夹角为45 . ②由题意作图如下：由图易知OCD 为等边三角形,则直线AB 与CD 的夹角为60 . ③由题意作图如下：由图易知OA AB ⊥,因为//CB OA ,则直线AB 与CD 的夹角为90 . 而不管怎么找顶点,都无法得到直线AB 与CD 所成角为30 . 故选：A. 15．C【分析】利用正弦的和角公式及辅助角公式结合三角函数的图象与性质计算即可.【详解】由ππsin sin sin 66x x ⎛⎫+=+ ⎪⎝⎭11cos 022x x +-=.()102x θ-+=,其中πsin 0,2θθ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭.()12x θ-+=,即()sin x θ-=不妨令()()sin f x x θ=-,因为02πx ≤<,所以[),2πx θθθ-∈--. 易知0x =时,()sinθ-=,即0x =满足题意.又()()sin f x x θ=-的周期为2πT =,且()1,0-.所以在区间[),2πθθ--上还有一个根,如图所示.故选：C 16．C【分析】由条件易知函数y f x 在I 上严格递减,构造2222121()()n n n n a a f a f a ++--=-,因数列{}n a 的各项均不相同,由2121,n n a a +-的大小比较,利用函数单调性可得222,n n a a +的大小关系,即得结论.【详解】依题意,因f x 0在区间I 上恒成立,则函数y f x 在I 上严格递减. 由2222121()()n n n n a a f a f a ++--=-,*N n ∈,因数列{}n a 的各项均不相同,且1a I ∈.若2121n n a a +->,则2121()()n n f a f a +-<,即222+<n n a a ,即此时数列{}21n a -严格递增,数列{}2n a 严格递减.若2121n n a a +-<,则2121()()n n f a f a +->,即222n n a a +>,即此时数列{}21n a -严格递减,数列{}2n a 严格递增.综上所述,数列{}21n a -与{}2n a 中的一个是严格增数列,另一个是严格减数列. 故选：C.【点睛】思路点睛：本题主要考查利用函数单调性判断数列的单调性的应用,属于难题. 解题思路在于根据选项信息,考虑数列中连续偶数项的差,通过对应的连续奇数项的大小比较,借助于函数单调性得出偶数项的大小关系. 17．(1)证明见解析(2)arctan5【分析】（1）连接1B C ,结合正方体的性质易得1EC BC ⊥,1DC BC ⊥,进而求证即可. （2）过E 作EF BC ⊥,交BC 于F ,连接DF ,易得EDF ∠是直线DE 与平面ABCD 所成的角,进而结合直角三角形中正切的定义求解即可.【详解】（1）证明：连接1B C ,在正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,E 是1BC 的中点. 所以E 是1B C 的中点,且11B C BC ⊥,即1EC BC ⊥. 因为DC ⊥平面11BCC B ,1BC ⊂平面11BCC B . 所以1DC BC ⊥.又DC EC C = ,,DC EC ⊂平面CDE . 所以1⊥BC 平面CDE .（2）过E 作EF BC ⊥,交BC 于F ,连接DF .在正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,1CC ⊥平面ABCD ,1//EF CC . 所以⊥EF 平面ABCD .又DF ⊂平面ABCD ,所以EF DF ⊥.所以EDF ∠是直线DE 与平面ABCD 所成的角.由题意,设12CC CB CD a ===,则112EF CC a ==.12CF CB a ==,所以DF =.所以在Rt DEF △,tan5EF EDF DF ∠===.故直线DE 与平面ABCD 所成角的大小是18．(1)π(2)ππ122⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦，【分析】（1）先得函数解析式,再利用二倍角公式变形,结合正弦型函数的周期公式求解即可. （2）由定义域得π23x +的取值范围,根据正弦函数的单调性列不等式,求解即可. 【详解】（1）由()sin f x x =,得ππsin cos 22f x x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫-=-= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭.则函数()π2y f x f x ⎛⎫=⋅- ⎪⎝⎭1sin cos sin 22x x x =⋅=.故最小正周期为2ππ2=. （2）由()sin f x x =,得3π23πsin 2y f x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫=+=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,π0,2x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦.由π02x ≤≤,得ππ4π2333x ≤+≤. 令ππ4π2233x ≤+≤,解得ππ122x ≤≤. 故单调减区间为ππ122⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦，.19．(1)男,女生各有170,160名 (2)1765(3)23.33【分析】（1）根据抽样比即可计算出男女生人数. （2）利用古典概型计算公式可得结果.（3）根据方差定义,利用方差的计算公式进行整体代换即可计算出结果. 【详解】（1）根据题意可知,抽样比为5:1. 所以该校高一学生中男生有345170⨯=名. 女生有325160⨯=名.（2）从这66名学生中随机抽取两名共有266C 种.两名都是男生的抽法共有234C 种.所以这两名都是男生的概率为234266C 17C 65P ==（3）根据题意可设正确的31个数据为1231,,,x x x ⋅⋅⋅. 易知31115632161i i x =+=⨯∑,可得3114996i i x ==∑.所以原始数据平均值为3111165161.2812532i i x =⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭∑.由方差定义可得()()31221116115616123.687532i i x =⎡⎤-+-=⎢⎥⎣⎦∑.因此()313131222111161216131161733i ii i i i x x x ===-=-⨯+⨯=∑∑∑,可得31312211216131161733805894ii i i xx ===⨯-⨯+=∑∑.原始数据的方差为()()312211161.28125165161.2812532i i x =⎡⎤-+-⎢⎥⎣⎦∑31312221112161.2812531161.28125 3.7187532i i i i x x ==⎡⎤=-⨯+⨯+⎢⎥⎣⎦∑∑ 1746.4687523.3332≈⨯≈ 即原始数据的方差为23.33. 20．(1)5 (2)证明见解析 (3)(1,3)a ∈【分析】（1）将a 值和点坐标代入双曲线方程求出b 值,即可求得c 值.（2）设直线:()l y k x c =+,与双曲线方程联立消元y ,得关于x 的方程,依题方程有解为c ,代入整理方程后,借助于2b ac =,可推得214k =,即得证.（3）利用双曲线定义化简2||||AB AF =得到1||2BF a =,2||4BF a =,设12F BF θ∠=,利用余弦定理求出cos θ的值,结合图形和题意,确定其范围,即得关于a 的不等式,解之即得. 【详解】（1）依题意,将a =,3,4x y ==代入2222Γ:1x y a b-=中.解得220b =,则5c ==. （2）依题意知,可设直线:()l y k x c =+,代入2222:1Γ-=x ya b中.整理得：22222222222()20b a k x a ck x a c k a b ----=（*）. 如图,因212AF F F ⊥,故点A 的横坐标为c 恰是方程（*）的解. 则222222222222()20b a k c a c k a c k a b ----=. 整理得：222222240b c a c k a b --=,即22244a c k b =.因,,a b c 是等比数列,则2b ac =,代入此式,可得222224a c k a c =,即得214k =.因过点1F 的直线l 与Γ右支在x 轴上方交于点A ,故得12k =,即直线l 的斜率为定值. （3）如图,因点A 在双曲线右支上,则12||||2AF AF a -=,即21||||2AF AF a =-. 故由2||||AB AF =可得11||||||2AF AB BF a -==.又因点B 直线l 与Γ左支的交点,故21||||2BF BF a -=,则2||4BF a =.在12BF F △中,设12F BF θ∠=,由余弦定理,2222224164203659cos 2241644a a c a a a a aθ+--===-⨯⨯.依题意,0πθ<<,故1cos 1θ-<<,即2591144a -<-<.去分母得2224594a a a -<-<,解得219a <<.因0a >,故当且仅当a 满足(1,3)a ∈时,存在直线l ,使得2||||AB AF =成立.【点睛】关键点点睛：本题主要考查直线与圆锥曲线的位置关系的应用,属于难题. 解题的关键在于对双曲线定义的理解掌握,在处理2||||AB AF =相关的焦半径问题时,要有转化思想,结合图形和定义,将其化简为常量或最值问题,即可解决. 21．(1)函数()y f x =在D 上的极值点不偏移 (2)证明见解析 (3)证明见解析【分析】（1）先求()0f x =的根及()21f x x =-的极值点,再根据题设定义,即可求解.（2）先求()0f x =的根,对()f x 求导,得到()2321f x x mx '=--,通过计算得到1202x x f +⎛⎫'< ⎪⎝⎭,再利用二次函数的性质,即可求解.（3）设()0f x =的两个零点为12,x x ,根据条件得到10210e x x x a<<<=<,再构造函数222()()()ln ln()()g x f x f x x ax x a x a a a =--=---+-,利用函数的单调性,得到()122()f x f x a->,即可求解. 【详解】（1）由()210f x x =-=,得到21x =,所以121,1x x =-=.又()2f x x '=,由()20f x x '==,得到0x =,又当0x <时,()20f x x '=<,当0x >时,()20f x x '=>.所以()21f x x =-只有一个极值点,且极值点为00x =,此时1202x x x +=. 所以函数()y f x =在D 上的极值点不偏移.（2）因为()322()()()(1)(1)f x x mx x m x x m x m x m x x =--+=---=--+, 0m >且1m ≠,()0,D =+∞.由()0f x =,得到121,x x m ==或12,1x m x ==,则1210x x m +=+>.又()2321f x x mx '=--,24120m ∆=+>,则()23210f x x mx '=--=有两根.不妨设为12,t t ,且12t t <,又1212210,033m t t t t +=>=-<,所以120t t <<.又()20,x t ∈时,()0f x '<,()2,x t ∈+∞时,()0f x '>,所以函数()y f x =在D 上只有一个极值点0x ,且02x t =.又222121111111321(1)022224244x x m m m f f m m m m ++++⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫'==--=-+-=--< ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭.所以12202x x t x +<=,故函数()y f x =在D 上的极值点右偏移. （3）由题知,()1f x a x '=-,令()10f x a x '=-=,得到1x a=. 当10,x a ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时,()0f x '>,当1,x a ⎛⎫∈+∞ ⎪⎝⎭时,()0f x '<, 所以1x a =是()ln f x x ax =-的极值点.且()f x 在区间10,a ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调递增,在区间1,a ⎛⎫+∞ ⎪⎝⎭上单调递减.又011()()ln 10f x f a a ==->,0x →时,()f x →-∞,x →+∞时,()f x →-∞,(e)ln e e 1e 0f a a =-=->.则()0f x =有两个零点,不妨设为12,x x ,且12x x <,所以10210e x x x a<<<=<,12()()f x f x =. 令2222()()()ln ln()()(0)g x f x f x x ax x a x x a a a a =--=---+-<<.则21211()022a x a g x a a x x x x a a ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭'=-+-=>⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭在20,x a ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭恒成立. 所以2()()()g x f x f x a =--在区间20,a ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调递增.所以()11(g g x a >,即()()1121220()()f x f x f x f x a a >--=--.故()122()f x f x a ->,又1020211,x x x x a a a->=>=.故122x x a -<,得到1212x x a +<,即1202x x x +<. 所以当10e a -<<时,函数()y f x =在D 上的极值点左偏移．【点睛】方法点睛：本题第三问考查极值点偏移问题,解决极值点偏移的主要方法有： 1.构造对称函数. 2.比值换元. 3.对数平均不等式.。

上海市杨浦区2021-2021学年度高三第一学期期终调研测试英语试卷

上海市杨浦区2021-2021学年度高三第一学期期终调研测试英语试卷上海市杨浦区2021-2021学年度高三第一学期期终调研测试英语试卷2021. 12本试卷分为第I卷（第1-11页）和第II卷（第12页）两部分。

全卷共12页。

满分140分。

考试时间120分钟。

考生注意：1．答第I卷前，考生务必将条形码粘贴在答题纸的指定区域内。

2. 第I卷（1-20小题，31---70小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。

考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。

答案写在试卷上一律不给分。

第I卷中的第21-30小题，IV. Summary Writing部分和第II卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸的规定区域内，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上则无效。

第I卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations betweentwo speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked aboutwhat was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the fourpossible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.A. In a professor's office.B. In a second-hand book shop.C. In alibrary. D. In a hospital. A. 10 yuan. B. 20 yuan. C. 30 yuan.D. 50 yuan. A. House agent and customer. B. Shop assistant and customer. C.Car mechanic and car owner. D. Employer and employee. A. The man doesn'tbelieve what the woman says. B. The weather report spoils the man's good mood.C. They will cancel the hiking due to the bad weather.D. The man thinks it unnecessary to give up the adventure. A. She always talks bad about hercolleagues.B. She has a good reputation among her colleagues.C. She is good at handling complicated relationships.D. She has good relations with her colleagues and boss. A. Harmony in a community. B. Safety in the neighborhood. C. Preparation for Christmas. D. Ways to save electricity. A. Watching advertisements may help ease eyestrain（眼疲劳）. B. It's a great chance to break the habit of watching TV. C. The advertisements are long enough for her to have a nap. D. Focusing eyes on the screen for a long timeis harmful to eyes.18. A. The man decides to go home by rail.B. Most people travel by car during the festival.C. Most people arrive beyond the scheduled time.D. The man will have a sound sleep on the bus. 9.A. He is not a bit overweight.B. He likes his fitness instructor.C. She has set too many rules for him.D. She should talk with his personal trainer.10. A. Greeks are not allowed to get married before 18. B. Greek kids are not as independent as American kids. C. American parents don?t pay for children's wedding.D. Greek parents will take care of children until they are 18.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The burn is 20 millimeters across. B. The burn is small but very painful.C. The burn takes away the victim's feeling.D. The burn is small but the skin is damaged. 12. A. Use a clean plastic bag to keep warm. B. Bind up the burn with bandage or cloth.C. Treat the burned area with cold running water.D. Flush（冲洗）the burn with ice water for several minutes. 13. A. To avoid infection. B. To ease pain. C. To speed recovery. D. To reduce stickiness. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A.A cell phone. B. A leather wallet. C. A mini camera. D. An alarm clock. 15. A. The wallet will sound an alarm.B. It will track the thief with GPS system.C. It will contact the bankto block balance. D. Its owner will receive a picture of the thief. 16. A.It's out-dated in this digital age. B. It can text messages automatically. C. It is a multifunctional wallet.D. It is unique in appearance and function.2Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The concert is beyond her curfew(宵禁).B. She can?t go out on school night.C. Her mother is not available.D. She doesn?t like the band.18. A. His parents set a strict rule for him. B. His parents don?t care when he is back. C. He is self-disciplined and trustworthy. D. He envies those who have curfews. 19. A. Promoting maturity. C. Improving sense of responsibility. 20. A. It?s a severe punishment. C. It?s a ridiculous practice. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section AB. Giving sense of security. D. Discouraging independence. B. It?s for her good.D. It?s an exceptional case.Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to makethe passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. It?s interesting when youthink about how Japan is a nation (21) ______ appreciates the virtues of silence and good manners, and yet when it comes to eating noodles, Japanese people can be (22) ______ (loud) in the world.According to lifestyle website grapee.jp, slurping (发出\哧溜\声) when eating noodles (23) ______ (encourage) in Japanese culture. It?s believed that taking air into your mouth (24) ______ enhance the flavor of the noodles, and that it helps cool down the noodles. It?s also considered to be a way to show appreciation for the dish. Sometimes, just making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable. It wasn?t until a new expression �C “noodle harassment（骚扰）”-- came out last year on social media (25) ______ Japanese people started to realize that the slurping noise is making some foreign visitors uncomfortable.(26) ______ a response, Japanese instant noodle maker Nissin introduced a so-called noise-canceling fork last month. The fork, which looks like an electric toothbrush, is connected wirelessly to a smart phone. When the person using the fork starts to slurp, the fork sends a signal to the person?s phone, (27) ______ (make) it play a sound to mask the slurping noise.But is it really necessary? Dining traditions do vary. (28) ______ is considered to be proper table manners in one country is likely to be seen as rude in another. In India, people eat with their hands (29) ______ they think in this way they build a connection with the food. However, people who are used to eating with forks might find it uncomfortable to get their hands (30) ______ (cover) in oil and bits of food. But this eating method is part of Indian's culture, just like Japan's slurping is part of its own. “So, if your are eating noodles, whether that?s ramen, uudon, or soba, please slurp,” wrote reporter Brian Ashcraft on blog Kotaku. “If anyone gets annoyed while3you are doing that, pay them no mind because they're missing the point entirely.” Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. tissueB. treatedC. potentialD. engineeringE. environmentF. limitedG. procedure H. commercial I. promising J. expanding K. internalScientists have developed a new surgical glue that could transform emergency treatments by sealing up critical wounds in the skin or the organs, without the need for staples or sutures（钉合或缝合）.It?s called MeTro. It was developed by researchers from both Harvard Medical School and the University of Sydney, led by Nasim Annabi, an assistant professor of chemical __31__. The glue is made from a modified（改良的）human protein that responds to UV light, allowing the application and drying of the gel-like substance in just a minute.According to the international team of researchers behind the glue, it could quite literally be a lifesaver, sealing up wounds in 60 seconds without stopping the natural __32__ and relaxing of the organ or the skin it?s applied to. Wounds __33__ with MeTro can heal up in half the time compared with stitches or staples, the researchers claim, and if surgery is required then MeTro can simplify that __34__ too. It's also one of several ways researchers are exploring to engineer our body's own natural substances to help repair it when needed.The __35__ applications are powerful �C from treating serious __36__ wounds at emergency sites such as following car accidents and in war zones, as well as improving hospital surgeries.MeTro is simple to apply, can be easily stored, and works closely with natural __37__ to heal a wound. What?s more, it degrades without leaving any kind of poisonous leftovers in the body.For now the trials are __38__ to animal models. But human trials are in the works, and the results to date are incredibly __39__. If the MeTro can be further developed into a __40__ product, it could become an essential part of a first responder?s toolkit. III. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Competition is good for businesses. In the world of navigation（导航）systems, however, competition is also a necessity --- it may not be wise torely on foreign systems for positioning and tracking services. Now, ___41___ remarkable accuracy and reliability, China?s BeiDou system has made its presence felt.The BeiDou project was set up in 1994. The first BeiDou satellite was not launched until 2000. Now, ___42___, there are already more than 20 BeiDou satellites in orbit (轨道) . They form a ___43___ network that provides positioning,4navigation and timing services for China and several other Asian countries.This “home-grown\two BeiDou-3 satellites, the first of China?s most powerful ___45___of navigation satellites, were launched into space. The launch marks the beginning of the global ___46___ of the BeiDou navigation system. Over the next three years, China plans to send up 30 more BeiDou-3 satellites; The expanded navigation system will ___47___ create a network that is able to support military and civilian applications around the world.Scientists involved in the project said the new system would give civilian users an accuracy of 2.5 meters to five meters, overtaking that of the___48___ positioning technologies. BeiDou?s chief designer said the new satellites would be able to __49___ which lane a car is using on a motorway and __50___ the swing of a building in high winds. It will also be able to guide fire trucks to the nearest water hydrant (消防栓).The Chinese military, meanwhile, will be able to use coded signals for millimeter（毫米）___51___ .China is only the third country in the world to develop a navigation system on its own, after the United States (GPS) and Russia (GLONASS). Developing BeiDou is a necessity. The system __52___ national security by ending a reliance on foreign systems. Moreover, it enhances China?s international reputation for technological ___53___.For most of us, the benefits of the new satellite system will be felt in a couple of years when more phones are ___54___ with BeiDou chips (芯片). Many smartphones today still use GPS and GLONASS. That?ll soon change with the development of BeiDou. One product manager ___55___ most smartphones to beable to receive BeiDou signals. He says: “In three y ears? time, people maystill say ?I?m using GPS?, but in fact, their phone is tune in to BeiDou. ” 41. A. dominating B. boasting C. shifting D. inputting 42. A. however B. afterwards C. moreover D. therefore 43. A. continental B. local C. domestic D. regional 44. A. enduring B. encountering C. undergoing D. processing 45. A. generation B. information C. examination D. revolution 46.A. extensionB. expansionC. interactionD. invasion 47. A. objectivelyB. eventuallyC. sufficientlyD. essentially 48. A. existing B.progressing C. upcoming D. everlasting 49. A. explore B. investigate C. spot D. remind 50. A. detect B. prevent C. protect D. adjust 51. A. privacy B. accuracy C. fluency D. currency 52. A. convinces B. insuresC. highlightsD. strengthens 53. A. innovation B. consumption C. emissionD. exhibition 54. A. decorated B. furnished C. equipped D. connected 55. A. respects B. instructs C. inspects D. expects Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the5感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。

2023届上海市奉贤中学高三第一次调研测试生物试卷含解析

2023年高考生物模拟试卷注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．一、选择题(本大题共7小题,每小题6分,共42分。

)1．餐后或一次性摄入较多的糖，血糖浓度的暂时升高会直接刺激胰岛B细胞，使其分泌胰岛素；也会引起下丘脑的兴奋，通过传出神经作用于多种内分泌腺，最终使血糖浓度保持相对稳定。

下列相关叙述错误的是（）A．血糖稳态的调节过程中存在负反馈调节B．胰岛素分泌增加会降低组织细胞转运葡萄糖的速率C．参与血糖浓度的调节方式有体液调节和神经调节D．胰岛B细胞接受的信息分子有高血糖浓度、神经递质等2．科学家通过研究植物向光性发现的激素是（）A．脱落酸B．乙烯C．细胞分裂素D．IAA3．取小鼠（2n= 40）的1个精原细胞，诱导其在含3H标记的胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷酸培养基中完成减数分裂形成4个精子，取其中一个精子与卵细胞结合形成受精卵，然后转入无放射性的培养基中培养至早期胚胎。

下列叙述正确的是（）A．减数第一次分裂前期形成10个四分体，每个四分体的DNA均被3H标记B．减数分裂形成的每个精子中有10条染色体被3H标记，10条未被标记C．受精卵第一次有丝分裂后期，细胞中被3H标记的染色体有20条D．受精卵第一次有丝分裂产生的每个子细胞中被3H标记的染色体有10条4．下列关于生物变异和进化的叙述，正确的是（）A．基因突变会改变基因的结构和排列顺序B．二倍体植物和四倍体植物之间存在地理隔离C．秋水仙素诱导染色体数目加倍过程中可能发生基因重组D．在工业污染的条件下，桦尺蠖群体中黑色基因频率定向升高5．图表示哺乳动物X、Y染色体联会的现象。

2024届上海市建平实验中学高三下学期第二次调研考试英语试题试卷含解析

2024届上海市建平实验中学高三下学期第二次调研考试英语试题试卷注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2．答题时请按要求用笔。

3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Whitney Houston’s sudden death suggests that drug abuse is such a serious problem ________ we should deal with it appropriately.A．as B．that C．which D．where2．By the time he realizes the mistake he ________，it will be too late for him to do anything about it.A．has made B．made C．makes D．will make3．---Can those___________ at the back of the classroom hear me?---No problem.A．seat B．sitC．seated D．sat4．—Could you give me a reminder at 9 tomorrow morning?—I'm sorry,but I a meeting then.A．attend B．will attend C．will be attending D．am attending5．I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn’t able to ______.A．get away B．drop in C．check out D．hold on6．If you want to see a doctor，you fix a date with him ahead of time.That is a common ________ in the USA．A．view B．exerciseC．practice D．reality7．—How did you like John’s exhibition of paintings last weekend?—To tell you the truth, his paintings didn’t ________ me much.A. refer to B．appeal to C．belong to D．occur to8．---When shall we start the reconstruction of the historic building?--- Not until our program ______ by the authority.A. will approveB. will be approvedC. has approvedD. has been approved9．Mr. Zhang gave all textbooks to all the pupils, except ____________ who had already taken them.A．these B．onesC．those D．the others10．______ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to see films so often.A．If it is not B．Had it not beenC．Were it not D．If they were not11．The Lushan Mountain, occupying an area of 302 square kilometers, possesses rich cultural and geological __________.A．attractions B．amusements C．entertainments D．presentations12．It’s impossible for all the people to get jobs because ______of them is not fit for them.A．every one B．allC．not all D．none13．—What’s the recent progress in Xiong’an New Area, first announced two years ago?—It _____ increasing attention from foreign companies given its huge development potential.A．has been attracting B．had attracted C．would be attracting D．was attracting14．China’s Chang’e 4 robotic probe entered lunar orbit on Wednesday, ________ a major step in its mission to make a soft landing on the moon’s far side.A．marking B．to markC．having marked D．marked15．Backward somewhat technologically ________ we are for the moment, we have confidence in our ability to catch up in time.A．although B．if C．as D．once16．The recently released film Kong：Skull Island successfully ________ the audience to the adventure with Dolby 3-D technology.A．transports B．adjustsC．transforms D．relates17．Mary felt from the outside world, since she lacked an Internet connection and couldn’t receive any e-mail. A．cut down B．cut in C．cut off D．cut out18．—you play the piano at this time of the day ? I need a good rest for tomorrow’s test.— Sorry.A．Must B．Shall C．Can D．May19．I quickly lowered myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so that he wouldn't feel ________. A．challenged B．challengingC．to be challenged D．having challenged20．It was not until she got home____Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.A．when B．thatC．where D．before第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

上海市普陀区高三二模语文试卷(Word版,含答案)

上海市普陀区高三年级第二次质量调研语文试卷考生注意：1．本试卷满分为150分，其中阅读部分80分，写作部分70分，考试时间为150分钟。

2．学生答题全部做在答题纸上。

3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

阅读（80分）一、阅读下文，完成1—7题（17分）中国式大众时代石勇170多年前，法国历史学家托克维尔敏锐地捕捉到，“大众”出现在了历史的地平线上，欧美将进入大众所主导的时代。

差不多半个世纪后，同样是法国人的勒庞发现，大众的理性能力非常值得怀疑。

又过了半个世纪，在1930年代，西班牙哲学家加塞特发现了“大众灾难”的秘密——纳粹德国不过是大众集体非理性的合乎逻辑的结果。

①“大众”这一概念，隐含着是“现代社会”的产物。

而我们说到以宏大叙事、激昂理想为特征的“大时代”和以个体、群体的小情趣、小偏好为特征的“小时代”，恰恰和“大众”、“现代社会”这两个概念息息相关——它们都是公共领域裂变①的结果。

②从英国工业革命时算起，包括以上的时间片段，无疑都是西方在现代化进程中的“大时代”：政治、经济、社会、文化命题宏大、高远，其间，伴随着残酷的战争。

在时代议题中，个人和小群体的趣味偏好无容身之地。

西方的现代化历程、中国从1911年到20世纪80年代的历程已经说明了这一点。

一个“大时代”，无人可以抗拒。

因为不跟随、参与、介入，个人将找不到意义，将有被抛弃感。

在“大时代”可以找到的自我面前，“小时代”的那种渺小的自我几乎不堪一击。

比如，20世纪30年代，在革命面前，一些具有“小资产阶级”情调的富家子弟，一些学生，就会感到个人的那些小情调是多么可笑。

革命所对应的“大时代”，使他们没有任何犹豫地迅速埋掉他们过去的自我。

然而按照勒庞、弗洛伊德、加塞特等人的说法，大众身上燃烧着的那些非理性的激情，极容易成为玩宏大叙事、政治修辞的领袖人物改变政治结构的能量。

毫无疑问，在这样的大众眼中，个人趣味、偏好渺小得不值一提。

上海市嘉定区2020届高三下学期第二次质量调研测试(二模)英语试题+Word版含答案

2020上海嘉定区高三英语二模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. Customer and salesperson.B. Teacher and student.D. Guest and waitress.C. Boss and secretary.2. A. The program was not interesting enough.B. She didn't want to listen to the program.C. She had to meet her students.D. The students' questions kept her busy.3. A. Help the man with his essay.B. Memorize her lines by herself.C. Wait until the man finishes his essay.D. Ask Sue to help her.D. Shopping for running shoes4. A. Practice her presentation in front of him.B. Find out who her audience will be.C. Try not to think about her audience.5. A. Writing a term paper.B. Studying for a history test.C. Reading a magazine.D. Watch him make his presentation.6. A. He doesn't like the way Americans speak.B. He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.C. He doesn't mind speaking English with an accent.D. His English is still poor after ten years in America.7. A. The box office is closed today.B. The tickets have been sold out.C. He doesn't want to go to the concert.D. It's too late to buy the morning paper.8. A. He received a good evaluation.B. He enjoyed a wonderful performance.C. He's getting along well with his supervisor.D. He gave a good performance in the evaluation.9. A. The library is closed on weekends.B. He had no idea where the book was.C. He wasn't allowed to check out the book.D. He didn't get the book he needed.10. A. He can't hear Tom clearly.B. Tom's speech is too deep.C. Tom doesn't speak directly.D. Tom doesn't talk about the proposal.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. He wrote the Superman stories.B. He was the best American journalistC. He was the boss of many newspapers.D. He won prizes for press photography.12. A. It stood up for the common people.B. It made public the wrongdoing of officials.C. It established a famous prize for journalism.英语学习讲义D. It probably provided a model for the Daily Planet13. A. Model newspaper.B. Excellence in journalism.D. Best school of journalism in America.C. Impressive public opinions.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The fondness for the Ambassador.B. The long history of the Ambassador.C. The brilliant functions of the Ambassador.D. The stop of the production of the Ambassador.15. A. Low demand and lack of money.B. High price and strong competition.C. Lack of buyers and poor economy.D. Few changes and less competitiveness.16. A. Because the car can operate with ease.B. Because the car has a strong steel body.C. Because the car has a very long history.D. Because the car can be fixed at a low cost.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Whether high-quality students can explain concepts clearly.B. Whether schools should adopt gifted education programs.C. Whether regular students can benefit from gifted ones.D. Whether parents can do something for the smart kids18. A. They will feel superior to their peers.B. They will focus on assisting their teachers.C. They will get motivated and reach their full potential.D. They will lose the chance to tutor their struggling peers.19. A. Gifted education programs are beneficial to some schools here.B. Both slower and advanced learners should receive special education.C. Regular classes discourage bright students' motivation due to boredom.D. Gifted programs rob average students of the chance to learn from bright ones.20. A. He has prejudice against regular students.B. He has preference for bright students.C. He is enthusiastic about gifted programs.D. He lacks understanding of gifted studentsⅡ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Long-term low self-esteem can cause depressionLow self-esteem makes us feel bad about ourselves. But did you know that over time it also can cause the development of serious mental conditions such as depression?Self-esteem is, very simply, he set of feelings you have about yourself. It’s developed by your experiences, thoughts, feelings, and relationships. (21) ________ self-knowledge, which refers to how much you know about yourself, self-esteem is formed around whether you like yourself or not. Depression is much more than just feeling sad. It drains your energy and makes everyday activities difficult.Doctors use low self-esteem as one possible symptom (22) ________ they diagnose the mental condition of major depressive disorder. They don’t necessarily care (23) ________ low self-esteem causes the depression or vice versa. However, personality researchers have long wondered about the chicken-and-egg problem of self-esteem and depression. Certainly, if you dislike yourself, you’ll be more likely (24) ________ (depress). On the other hand, if you’re depressed, you’ll be more likely to feel bad about yourself. The only way that (25) ________ (employ) to explore the highly related concepts of self-esteem and depression is through continuous research, (26) ________ ________ people are followed up over time.A study on depression conducted by University of Basel researchers Julia Sowislo and Ulrich Orth, (27) ________ (contrast) the competing directions of self-esteem to depression vs depression to self-esteem. The findings have revealed that over time low self-esteem is a risk factor for depression, regardless of who is tested and how. The study indicates that low self-esteem causes depression (28) ________ not vice versa.Therefore, if a person has low self-esteem, there’s a (29) ________ (great) risk of developing depression. This is a very important discovery because it shows that (30) ________ (improve) a person’s self-esteem can make him or her feel better.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Put down the phone and live in the momentHave you ever unintentionally left your phone at home and wondered how you would get through the day? Baylor College of Medicine’s Dr. Jin Han explains why this might be a sign that you need to put down your phone more often.“There has been a(n) __31__ in technology as our phones have gone from just regular cell phones to smart phones that allow you to multitask all with one device,”said Han, assistant professor at Baylor. “You use your phone now to receive emails, to text and chat and to access social media platforms -- __32__ your phone may be your connection to your social life.”Although they offer many advantages, Han cautions that using your smart devices can be harmful if you use them too much. For example, using your smart phone while driving, or even walking, can cause serious accidents. Also, staring at your screen for too long can be harmful to your __33__.Being __34__ too long to your phone also can impact the quality of your relationships, he said. If you are on your phone constantly and not __35__ with those around you, it can take away from your relationships with your family and friends. In addition, if you are using your phone too much in front your children, then they will likely follow your lead and use their own smart devicesrather than __36__ with you.“ In the end, the question is how you balance using your phone while not negatively __37__ your health.” Han said. “Anything that you are doing to the __38__ is no healthy anymore. While it is going to be almost impossible not to use this technology, we have t create a behavior that is healthy.”To help __39__ the time you spend on your phone, Han offered the following tips:●Limit the time spent on your phone: Set up certain time that you allow yourself to be on thephone.●Do not use your phone at night: Being on your phone late into the night can make it harderfor you to fall asleep and wake up the next day. Restricting your phone use at night can help you __40__ a healthy sleep behavior.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The scent of coffee appears to enhance performance in math Drinking coffee has benefits. __41__ the physical improvement, coffee may reduce our risk of heart disease. Coffee may even help us live longer. Now, research also reveals that the scent（气味）of coffee may help people perform better on the analytical portion of the Graduate Management Aptitude Test, or GMA T, a computer adaptive test __42__ by many business schools.The work, led by famous professor Adriana Madzharov, not only __43__ the hidden force of scent and the cognitive（认知）improvement it may provide on analytical tasks, but also expectation that students will perform better on those tasks. Madzharov, with his colleagues, recently published their findings.“It’s not just that the coffee-like scent helped people perform better on analytical tasks, which was already __44__,”says Madzharov. “But they also thought they would do better, and we demonstraded that this expectation was at least partly __45__ their improved performance.”___46___, smelling a coffee - like scent, which has no caffeine in it, has an effect similar to that of drinking coffee, suggesting a placebo（安慰剂）effect of coffee scent.Madzharov’s team tested 100 undergraduate business students, divided into two groups, with GMAT algebra questions. One group took the test in the __47__ of a coffee - like scent, while a control group took the same test - but in an unscented room. They found that the group in the coffee-smelling room scored significantly higher on the test.Madzharov’s team wanted to know more. Could the first group’s performance in quick thinking be explained, in part, by an expectation that a coffee scent would increase __48__ and consequently improve performance?The team designed a follow-up survey, conducted among more than 200 new participants, quizzing them on __49__ about various scents and their effects on human performance. Participants believed that they would feel more alert and energetic in the presence of a coffee scent, in contrast with a flower scent or no scent; and that __50__ to coffee scent would increase their performance on mental tasks. The results suggest that __51__ about performance can be explained by beliefs that coffee scent alone makes people more alert and energetic.Madzharov is now looking to explore whether coffee-like scents can have a(n) __52__ placebo effect on other types of performance, such as verbal reasoning. She also says that the finding - that coffee - like scent acts as a placebo for analytical reasoning performance - has many practical __53__, including several for business.“Sense of smelling is one of our most powerful senses,”says Madzharov. “Employers, architects, building developers, retail space managers and others, can use scents to help __54__ employees’or occupants’experience with their environment. It’s an area of great interest and __55__.”41. A. In contrast to B. Contrary to C. In addition to D. Equivalent to42. A. acquired B. required C. justified D. inquired43. A. distributes B. stimulates C. dominates D. highlights44. A. encouraging B. imposing C. conflicting D. challenging45. A. characterized by B. called for C. responsible for D. typical of46. A. In short B. By comparison C. In particular D. After all47. A. lack B., shift C. withdrawal D. presence48. A. comprehension B. alertness C. conscience D. context49. A. evidence B. definition C. symptom D. belief50. A. adaptation B. commitment C. exposure D. alternative51. A. implication B. expectation C. indication D. illustration52. A. similar B. concrete C. modified D. estimated53. A. simplification B. description C. resignation D. application54. A. enhance B. evaluate C. exploit D. prospect55. A. negotiation B. priority C. potential D. strategySection BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)People generally see themselves through achievements. In doing that, they end up caring more about their image than the reality of who they actually are. Rather than their work doing the talking, they end up defining themselves by external markers that they hope will earn them respect.The problem with this is that it encourages both themselves and other people to judge their worth based on some relatively unimportant measure. For example, one day, their educational diploma may overshadow what they actually learned. Therefore, a better way to know a person, I think, is to ask a different set of questions: What motivates them? What makes them ache? What do they long for?It’s in this spirit that I want to publicly share my values. They are the compass（罗盘）that guides my life. The kindest and most sincere thing I can do is to see, recognize, and understand another person before I make judgments. From there, I can learn to treat others appropriately, depending on the context, learning from my mistakes with time and experience. It’s just a reminder that life is hard for all of us, while at the same time accepting that it’s important we are all also held accountable for our actions.I have learned that we are all deeply self-interested. I hope to be self-aware enough to check out of the power and status games. That means I’m not competing with anyone for a shiny object; I’d rather compete with myself. It’s about becoming so uniquely different that it would be aninsult for me to measure myself against someone else. I believe if I do the work to be internally free from the pull of the power and status games, then I can add value to others bused on my unique knowledge and experience.If this resonates with（与……共鸣）you, I invite you to join me on this journey in understanding and relating to this complex world. It’s a wonderful mystery, and I think together we can better define it -- not just personally, but also collectively.56. According to the article, which of the following is TRUE?A. The external markers are better ways to know a person.B. People generally judge others’ worth by what they have achieved.C. The author is someone who is keen on power games.D. Learning from mistakes is the first step of treating others kindly.57. What does the underlined word “overshadow” probably mean?A. be relatively similar toB. cause something to be stronger thanC. make something less importantD. block off light from something58. What of the following might the author agree with?A. Life is hard, so we shouldn’t criticize others when they are not responsible.B. One should overcome self-interest in order to judge others objectively.C. Everyone is unique, so showing off uniqueness is an insult to others.D. One should see and understand another person using a real compass.59. Why does the author write the article?A. To promote harmonious living.B. To ask people not to judge others.C. To call on readers to learn his values.D. To share his values of understanding the world.(B)The Elementary Science Fair Planning GuideThe most helpful, scientific, kid-friendly science Fair project planner known to kidsA Model, Display or Collection:Shows how something works in the real world, but doesn’t really test anything.Examples of display or collection projects can be: “The Solar System,”“Types of Dinosaurs,”“My Coin Collection.”Examples of models might be: “How a Tornado Forms” or “How an Electric Motor Works”.An Experiment:Lots of information is given, but it also has a project that shows testing being done and the gathering of data.Examples of experiments can be: “The Effects of Detergent（洗衣粉）on the Growth of Plants” or “Which Paper Towel is more Absorbent”.You can tell you have an experiment if you are testing something several times and changing a variable（变量）to see what will happen.Even though you can learn a lot from building a model or display, we recommend that you do an experiment! Why? Well, they are fun, they are more interesting and most of all, they take you through the SCIENTIFIC METHOD, which is the way real scientists investigate in real science labs. Besides that, the scientific method is what the judges are looking for!60. Which of the following science projects might be recommended by the guide?A. How swallows build their nests.B. What the solar system consists of.C. The three dances bees use to communicate.D. What structure can hold the most amount of weight.61. According to the guide, which of the following is TRUE?A. A model or a display is a great choice for the science fair.B. A hypothesis goes before a Question in doing an experiment.C. What tells an experiment from a model is whether to test something.D. The judges will instruct the scientific method before the science fair.62. Who will be most interested in reading this guide?A. Undergraduate students.B. Parents who have young kids.C. Staff working in the science labs.D. Judges invited to a science fair.(C)Getting active in midlife could be as good for you as starting young when it comes to reducing the risk of an early death, researchers have suggested. But experts say the study also shows that the benefits fade once exercise declines.“If you maintain an active lifestyle or participate in some sort of exercise from youth to middle age, you can reduce your risk for dying,” said Dr. Pedro Saint-Maurice, the lead author of the research. “If you are not active and you get to your 40s - 50s and you decide to become active, you can still enjoy a lot of those benefits.”The study was based on data from more than 300,000 Americans aged 50 - 71 who undertook a questionnaire（问卷）in the late-1990s. They were asked to recall the extent of their moderate to vigorous leisure exercise at different stages of their life. Researchers then used national records to track who died in the years up to the end of 2016. After taking into account factors including age, sex, smoking and diet, the team found that those who were exercising into middle age had a lower risk of death than those who had never carried out any leisure exercise. However, when the team looked at different patterns in the way people were active over their life, it found a surprise.Men and women who started exercising at the age of 40 - 50 reduced their risk of death from any cause by about 35%. The benefit was similar to that seen for people who reached and maintained similar activity from their teens or 20s onwards.However, the study found that the protective effect of exercise did not last forever. People whose levels of leisure exercise decreased by middle age had no difference in the risk of an early death to those who had always been couch potatoes. “If you have been active and you slowly decrease your exercise participation as you age, you lose a lot of the benefits that we know are associated with exercise,” Saint - Maurice said.But the study has limitations, including that it is based on individuals recalling how active they were many years before. What’s more, the research looked only at death records, not other aspects of health such as levels of sickness and disease. Nonetheless, he said, the message was positive. “This adds to the growing body of evidence about the importance of physical activity and exercise across he life course, and indicates that it is never too late to start.”63. Which of the following is TRUE about the study?A. The study took about two decades to complete.B. The study involved around 30,000 elderly Americans.C. Questionnaires and interviews were the sources of data.D. The participants in the study took regular physical exercise.64. According to the passage, what does “a surprise” (Para.3) refer to?A. The earlier you exercise, the greater your health benefits will be.B. Participating in exercise from youth to middle age benefits one’s health greatly.C. The benefit of getting active in midlife is similar to that of starting young.D. The benefits of exercising in midlife will decline once you stop exercising.65. It can be inferred from the passage that _________.A. an active lifestyle will not necessarily bring positive health benefits.B. participants’ memories may affect the reliability of the study resultC. people exercising from their teens can maintain health foreverD. women benefit more from vigorous exercise than men do66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Exercise has its limitations, studies showB. Getting active when young, experts suggestC. Health benefits fade with age, doctors warnD. Never too old to start, researchers saySection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Ecotourism can put wild animals at riskEcotourism has become increasingly popular in recent years. _____67_____ There travelers visit natural environments to fund conservation efforts or promote local economies.Now, scientists have analyzed more than 100 research studies on how ecotourism affects wild animals. They find the presence of humans changes the way animals behave, and those changes may put them at risk. Therefore, they concluded that such trips can be harmful to the animals.When animals interact in seemingly kind ways with humans, they may let down their guard. _____68_____. If this transfers to their interactions with predators（捕食者）, they are more likely to be injured or killed.The presence of humans can also discourage natural predators. It creates a kind of safe place for smaller animals that may make them bolder. For example, in Grand Teton National Park, elk and pronghorns in areas with more tourists are less alert and spend more time eating.____69____ “If animals become accustomed to tourists and if tourism practices enhance this taming, we might create unintended consequences - affecting the behavior or population of a species and influencing the species’ function in its community,” the researchers write.Ecotourism has effects similar to those of animal domestication and urbanization. Research has shown that domesticated silver foxes become more obedient and less fearful. Fox squirrels and birds that live in urbanized areas are slower to flee from danger. _____70_____ Scientists hope the new analysis will encourage more research into the interactions between people and wildlife. It is essential to develop further understanding of how various species in various situations respond to human interaction and under what conditions human exposure may place them at risk.Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. High level of deforestation continuesWe are all aware of the threats our planet is facing. Experts agree that it’s mainly us humans who are responsible for the destruction of the environment. One of the most destructive activities we are carrying out is cutting down forests - deforestation. This is done for many reasons, such as providing wood for fuel, making land available for housing or for crating space for more cattle to graze（吃草）on. This has been most noticeable in Brazil, which is home to the world’s largest rainforest. Deforestation there has hit its highest rate in a decade, according to official data. Overthe course of a year, an area about five times the size of London has been destroyed.The amount of deforestation in the Amazon and in other tropical（热带的）regions has actually seen a decline but the figures are still large. Global Forest Watch say that in 2018, an area equivalent to 30 football fields were cut down every minute. Frances Seymour from the World Resources Institute says that “If you look back over the last 18 years, it is clear that the overall trend is still upwards. We are nowhere near winning this battle.”What’s special about places like the Amazon is that they are primary forests which exist in their original condition with some species of trees dating back thousands of years. This habitat is home to unique and rare animals and is critical for sustaining biodiversity（生物多样性）. The BBC’s environment correspondent, Matt McGrath, says “These old forests really matter as stores of carbon dioxide, which is way the loss of 3.6 million hectares in 2018 is concerning.”Brazil has taken some steps to try and decrease deforestation by introducing government policies including fines for breaking land use regulations and illegal logging. And International campaigns to stop the trade of soy and beef farmed on deforested parts of the Amazon have also had a significant impact.Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 应该高度重视对这种常见病的预防。

上海市黄浦区2024届高三一模地理试题(含解析)

黄浦区2023学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试地理试卷（完卷时间：60分钟满分：100分）考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（简答题、填空题等）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并正确填涂准考证号。

3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

1．印度尼西亚横跨亚洲及大洋洲，是全球最大的群岛国家，读图文资料，回答问题。

材料一：2023年10月17日，中国、印尼合作的雅万高铁正式开通运营，该铁路是中国“一带一路”倡议背景下两国务实合作的标志性工程。

高铁所在岛屿位于板块活跃地带，中部地势高。

高铁线路桥、隧长度占比约76%，高铁车身配有由印尼国宝级动物“科莫多龙”纹理抽象而来的红色多边形图案。

材料二：印尼新几内亚岛上的查亚峰临近赤道，海拔高度4884米，是全球最高的岛屿山峰，近来有专家表示受厄尔尼诺现象影响该山峰的冰川将在2025年到2027年之间完全消失。

(1)雅万高铁的开通充分体现出“一带一路”国际合作中的____。

A．设施联通B．贸易畅通C．资金融通D．政策沟通(2)印尼国宝级动物“科莫多龙”是世界现存最大的蜥蜴，该类物种最初出现在地球上的地质年代是____。

A．元古代B．古生代C．中生代D．新生代(3)雅万高铁全程桥隧占比高的主要原因是____。

A．节约沿线耕地B．降低建设成本C．维护生态环境D．确保运行安全(4)厄尔尼诺现象是太平洋海域洋流与大气相互作用的结果，当东南信风（选择：A．减弱：B．增强），南赤道暖流（选择：A．减弱：B．增强）时，厄尔尼诺现象发生，此时赤道太平洋西岸地区海水温度较常年（选择：A．偏高：B．偏低），盛行（选择：A．上升：B．下沉）气流，导致印尼地区出现气象灾害，加剧查亚峰冰川消亡。

(5)雅万高铁位于印尼爪哇岛，高铁沿线经过众多河流，简述这些河流的主要水系特征(6)判断查亚峰山麓处的植被类型，并分析查亚峰植被在垂直方向类型多样的原因。

上海市徐汇区2023届高三下学期等级模拟质量调研(二模)物理试题(原卷+解析)

试卷第1页，共6页上海市徐汇区2023届高三下学期等级模拟质量调研（二模）物理试题

一、单选题1．一碲核13052Te发生衰变的核反应方程为1301305254TeXe2X，式中的X应为（）

A．电子B．中子C．质子D．光子

2．某车载雷达系统同时向四周发射毫米级波长的无线电波L1和频率1014Hz数量级的

红外激光L2，可知L1与L2的波长之比约为（）A．1017：1B．1011：1C．106：1D．103：1

3．某司计划在地球上空550千米处布署1584颗卫星，其中任意两颗运行时都有相同的

（）A．向心力B．加速度C．周期D．速度

4．某同学在相同条件下用激光分别照射S1、S2、S3、S4四片光学片，得到如图条纹，

可知（）

A．S1、S2均为单缝片，S1缝宽较大B．S1、S2均为双缝片，S1缝距较大

C．S3、S4均为单缝片，S3缝宽较大D．S3、S4均为双缝片，S3缝距较大

5．如图一手机悬空吸附在磁吸式充电宝上，缓缓转动充电宝使手机屏幕由水平转为竖

直，两者始终保持相对静止，则手机与充电宝间作用力（）

A．不断增大B．不断减小C．方向改变D．方向不变

6．一单摆换用更长的摆线，最大摆角不变，则摆球的振幅A与通过最低点的动能Ek

（）

A．均变大B．均不变

C．A不变，Ek变大D．A变大，Ek不变

7．某电场的电场线分布如图所示，a、b、c三点电场强度分别为

aE、b

、cE，电势分试卷第2页，共6页

别为a、b、c，则（）A．abcEEEB．abcEEEC．abcD．

abc



8．两条不同弹性绳连结于O点，O点做简谐振动，以竖直向上为y轴正方向，某时刻

形成如图所示波形，若绳波从O向a、b两点传播的速度大小分别为va、vb，则（）

A．

bavv，O点正向下振动B．ba

vv

，O点正向下振动

C．

bavv，O点正向上振动D．ba

vv

，O点正向上振动

9．密闭钢瓶中封有一定质量理想气体，一段时间后瓶中气体分子热运动的速率分布由

2023年上海市黄浦区高三上学期期终调研测试高考一模英语试卷含详解

黄浦区2022学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷(完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分)第I卷(共100分)I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.In a coffee shop. B.On a farm.C.In a furniture store.D.In a theatre.2.A.Cleaning a house. B.Finding things in the house.C.Living a simple life.D.Doing housework efficiently.3.A.Calming the woman down. B.Playing bridge.C.Reading a book.D.Reflecting on himself.4.A.The man recommends people to speak the same language.B.The woman thinks it unnecessary to save dying languages.C.The woman admires those devoted to preserving dying languages.D.The man appeals for more action to be taken to protect dying languages.5.A.He has realized his own problem. B.The woman is sure to get a second job.C.He disagrees with the woman’s comments.D.The woman should care more about money.6.A.She has many friends to text. B.She can’t focus her mind on study.C.She can’t make long speeches.D.She has many classes to attend.7.A.Enjoy her college life. B.Put off hard assignments.C.Set a post-college goal.D.Ease academic pressure.8.A.It makes no sense. B.It needs training.C.It can’t solve her problem.D.It is worth trying.9.A.She is a music lover. B.She is good at asking questions.C.She prefers art to sports.D.She knows Brazilians well.10.A.The specials are the man’s best choice.B.She is fully confident of the quality-steak.C.Her house is a suitable place for having steak.D.The man should find by himself the nicest wine.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages.After each conversation or passage,you will be asked several questions. The conversation and the passages will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through14are based on the following conversation.11.A.Cars. puters. C.Dollars. D.Services.12.A.It’s the real money paid to purchase items.B.Each Time Dollar records the value of trading stuff.C.Different music lessons equal different Time Dollars.D.It represents the service time you exchange with others.13.A.To provide him with a part-time job. B.To ensure him that he can serve others.C.To guarantee him that he can make a living.D.To demonstrate to him how barter is kept on.14.A.To apply for membership. B.To sign up for walking.C.To use the free pass.D.To check the time for barter. Questions15through17are based on the following passage.15.A.Have a whole idea of the character’s look.B.Examine the actor’s or the actress’face and body.C.Try various colors on actors’or actresses’hair.D.Get a clear picture of the character’s skin tone.16.A.A film with a magic ending. B.A film stimulating her creativity.C.A film reflecting her delicacy.D.A film with several celebrities.17.A.They both lead the fashion. B.They both emphasize details.C.They both tell good stories.D.They both require harmony. Questions18through20are based on the following passage.18.A.The ability to recall. B.The invention of camera.C.The chance of revisiting.D.The application of wi-fi.19.A.To send us to sleep. B.To develop technology.C.To refresh our memory.D.To offer us comfort.20.A.Digital camera. B.Fantastic daydream.C.Memory journey.D.Virtual reality.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.How Reading Saved MeDuring my first decade in prison,I busied myself with exercising and hanging out in the big yard.I hardly grew as___1___person.It wasn’t until I began college in prison in my30s that I started to realize my full potential.Through my journey in college,I became engaged in reading and writing,striving to escape prison life by expanding my mind beyond the environments I___2___(trap)in.I became good at using concepts and terms in conversations that were previously far over my head.More importantly,I eventually better understood___3___I had used violence to solve my problems.Throughout the country,prison officials have rejected or tried every means___4___(ban) books about biology,sketching,dragons and even the moon.___5___(claim)such bans are necessary for the safety and security of prisons seems stupid.Practically every author I have encountered while in prison___6___(play)a role in my efforts to grow and become a better person—someone who can live in society by adding to it,as opposed___7___taking from it.Without college and without access to books and materials___8___expanded my mind beyond the towering concrete walls,I might still be wasting my time on the yard.My worldview would still be shaped by violence and harm.That’s not who I want to be___9___I leave this prison.It’s not who I want to see____10____(send)back into society.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.One MedicalOn Thursday,Amazon announced its first major acquisition(收购)under Mr.Jassy’s occupation as C.E.O.,spending$3.9billion for One Medical,a chain of primary care clinics around the country.The deal is a sign of Amazon’s health care ambitions.As the company has ___11___from one business to another—including books,CDs,electronics,dog food and clothes—it has had to look in less obvious spots to find opportunities that can provide meaningful___12___.Health care has been___13___to Amazon executives who believe it is an extremely large market,filled with inefficiencies and generally lacking the kind of___14___approach that Amazon tries to take with its businesses.“We think health care is high on the list of experiences that need___15___,”Neil Lindsay,the senior vice president of Amazon Health Services,said in a statement announcing the deal.He also listed some of the___16___of modern health care:booking appointments,sitting in waiting rooms,even finding a parking spot.Amazon wants to be the“front door”through which customers___17___health care.That One Medical sees about five times as many virtual visits as___18___appointments most likely made it attractive to Amazon.The company also has something Amazon values___19___:data. One Medical built its own electronic medical records system,and it has15years’worth of medical and health-system data.While individual patient records are generally protected under federal health privacy laws,the big data skill that has____20____Amazon’s success can be powerful in health care—for predicting costs,targeting interventions and developing products and treatments.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Colleges today often operate as machines for putting too many opportunities before already advantaged people.Our educational system focuses too much on helping students take the next step.But it does not give them adequate___21___in thinking about the substance of the lives toward which they are advancing.Many institutions today have___22___that it is an essential part of education to teach the young the art of choosing,and to train them to use___23___to decide which efforts deserve the investment of their lives.We spent many years teaching on a college campus,trying to help students struggling with their confusion.Eventually,we sought to address this problem___24___,by designing a course intended to introduce the young to the art of choosing.The course begins with Plato’s“Gorgias”—a messy dialogue that turns on a(n)___25___over whether the pursuit of virtue or of pleasure is the way to a good life.The dialogue ends___26___;no one is satisfied.But with remarkable regularity,it___27___the kind of thinking that students need to better understand the choices that shape their lives.Students’first reaction to the“Gorgias”is disbelief,sometimes even horror.It is the dialogue’s___28___that alarms them:the idea that we can seriously argue about what represents the human good.Everything in their education has led them to believe that such arguments cannot bear fruit.Most students are___29___to discover this art of choosing.Learning to reason about happiness is as delightful as discovering that one’s voice can be made to sing.Why,then,do institutions____30____teach it?In some cases,intelligence members are encouraged to ____31____specialized research rather than thinking about the good life.In others,they share the belief that feeling is a more____32____guide to happiness than the mind.Colleges should self-consciously prioritize initiating students into a culture of____33____ reflection on how to live.Doing so will hold them____34____performing their proper work:helping young people learn to give reasons for the choices that shape their lives and to ____35____about the ends they pursue.21.A.assistance B.protection C.recognition D. treatment22.A.forgotten B.promised C.repeated D. responded23.A.determination B.imagination C.memory D.reason24.A.controversially B.effortlessly C.resistantly D. systematically25.A.argument B.lecture C.performance D.session26.A.automatically B.inconclusively C.indirectly D. unnecessarily27.A.abuses B.awakens C.demonstrates D.echoes28.A.assumption B.pattern C.progress D. variation29.A.grateful B.quick C.reluctant D.shockedmonly B.effectively C.rarely D.strictly31.A.direct B.emphasize C.review D.sponsor32.A.detailed B.formal C.qualified D.reliable33.A.logical B.moral C.spiritual D. theoretical34.A.eager for B.patient with C.responsible for D.skilled atplain B.experiment C.question D.reflect Section BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Julia Whelan climbed into the recording room in her home office.In preparation,she had avoided alcohol the night before,had avoided milk since waking at6a.m.and had run through the warm-up voice exercises.Whelan,38,is the calm,confident female voice behind more than400other audiobooks,as well as the narrated versions(叙事版本)of many articles.Once she has taken on a project,she reads through the book once or twice,deciding on themes to highlight when she gets into the recording room by using different tones and accents,and emphasizing certain words.“Narrating abook really is a performance,”she said,“and it can be harder to do than acting,because I can’t use my eyes or facial expressions to convey something to the audience.”As she spent time subsuming herself in the writing of others,she began to think more about her own creative ambitions.Just before the pandemic,she began“Thank You for Listening,”combining her writing with the experiences she has collected as a narrator.Writers say that Whelan has helped them understand their own work.“When I listen to Julia read my stories,it sounds like she is calling you over to tell you a great story,”said Nuzzi,whose work has been narrated by Whelan.“When I write now,I try to think like that,that I am calling a reader over to tell him a great story.It has completely changed my approach.”Whelan said that she also learns about her writing when she experiences it as a narrator.“There is something about it that changes when you’re performing it,”she said.“I read the book out loud during every stage of its revisions but it’s different when you sit down and have the microphone in front of you,whenI finally am in all the characters and the story comes to life.”36.Before recording a book,Whelan__________.A.acts out its narrated versionB.builds up strength through exerciseC.determines the focus of its subjectD.varies its emphasized words37.The underlined phrase“subsuming herself in the writing of others”(paragraph3)is closest in meaning to“__________herself in the writing of others”.A.dismissingB.involvingC.maintainingD. presenting38.How does narrating help Whelan do her own writing better?A.It enables her to think in readers’view.B.It inspires her to be absorbed in the story.C.It provides her with diverse life experiences.D.It reminds her to pursue her creative ambition.39.What can be concluded from Whelan’s experience as a narrator and writer?A.Excellent narration is based on convincing stories.B.Narrating is a more rewarding ambition than writing.C.An influential writer is definitely a wonderful narrator.D.Experiences as a narrator can change the writing approach.(B)PRIVACY POLICYThe Bundaberg Privacy Policy explains how we collect,store and use your personallyidentifiable information.Our Privacy Policy will be continuously assessed against new technologies,business practices and our customers’changing needs.Accordingly,this Privacy Policy is subject to change over time without notification being made to users,and therefore we encourage you to periodically review this Privacy Policy to become aware of any changes that may have occurred.➢Collection of Personal InformationWe will collect personally identifiable information from you when you knowingly provide it to us.The types of personal information we may collect,includes,but is not limited to your full name,address,email address and phone number.In terms of your personal information,we only collect information about individuals that is necessary for us to carry on our business functions.What information we collect depends upon the nature of our dealing with you.Importantly,in some circumstances if you do not provide the information that we request,you may not be able to engage with us.For example,if you refuse to provide some personal information as may be requested on the Bundaberg website,you may not be able to use all features or services of the website.➢Use and Disclosure of Personal InformationWe may use your personal information for the following purposes:⚫Billing purposes;⚫To enable us to develop our products and business,or to customize services to better meet your needs and preferences;⚫Statistical purposes.We will contact you by electronic or other means to get your agreement first for any purpose other than those above,including but not limited to:⚫Future promotional and marketing purposes;⚫To inform you of special offers,promotions and competitions;⚫Any other customer support purposes.Your personal information may be used by sub-contractors of Bundaberg for our business activities only;however,your information will not be disclosed to any other third party without your agreement,unless required to do so by law.40.In order to be kept informed of the privacy information,you’d better__________.A.examine the Privacy Policy regularlyB.check the official notification weeklyC.express your changing needs privatelyD.evaluate the business practices critically41.Which of the statements is TRUE about Bundaberg’s collecting users’personal information?A.You have no knowledge of what personal information is collected.B.Your personal information can promote Bundaberg’s business functions.C.All the customers are required to provide identical personal information.D.You may not get some services without providing requested personal information.42.Bundaberg will use your personal information for the purpose of__________without getting your agreement first.A.attracting new sub-contractorsB.advertising its servicesC.sending bills to youD.letting you know about special offers(C)In2020,OpenAI,a research lab in San Francisco,revealed a system called GPT-3.It is what artificial intelligence researchers call a neural(神经系统的)network,after the web of neurons in the human brain.A neural network is really a mathematical system that learns skills by locating patterns in vast amounts of digital data.By analyzing thousands of cat photos,for instance,it can learn to recognize a cat.“We call it‘artificial intelligence,’but a better name might be‘finding statistical patterns from large data sets’,”said Dr.Gopnik,the Berkeley professor.More recently,researchers at places like Google and OpenAI began building neuralnetworks that learned from enormous amounts of prose,including digital books and Wikipedia articles by the thousands.GPT-3is an example.As it analyzed all that digital text,it built what you might call a mathematical map of human language—more than175billion data points that describe how we piece words ing this map,it can perform many different tasks,like penning speeches,writing computer programs and having a conversation.But there are limitations.If you ask GPT-3for10speeches in the voice of Mark Twain,it might give you five that sound remarkably like the famous writer—and five others that come nowhere puter programmers use the technology to create small snippets(一小段)of code they can slip into larger programs,but more often than not they have to edit and adjust whatever it gives them.Still,Dr.Gopnik described this kind of system as intelligent.“It is not intelligent in the way humans are.It is like an unfamiliar form of intelligence,”he said.“But it still counts.”Dr.Gopnik and many others in the field are confident that they are on a path to building a machine that can do anything the human brain can do.This confidence shines through when they discuss current technologies.He admits that some A.I.researchers“struggle to differentiate between reality and science fiction.”But he believes these researchers still serve a valuable role.“They help us dream of the full range of the possible,”he said.Perhaps they do.But for the rest of us,these dreams can get in the way of the issues that deserve our attention.43.Which of the following statements correctly describes GPT-3?A.It is meant to monitor human’s neuron webs.B.It stores limitless data in its mathematical system.C.It can identify images and employ human language.D.It studies pictures and digital books to invent patterns.44.In paragraph3,the example of computer programmers is used to__________.A.illustrate GPT-3is far from perfectB.warn programmers against technologyC.show the process of slipping code into programD.explain why GPT-3fails to find Mark Twain’s speeches45.What does Dr.Gopnik think of the mathematical system of GPT-3?A.He finds it valuable because it maximizes the current technologies.B.He doubts its worth though it is remarkably similar to a human brain.C.He thinks highly of it because it plays a valuable role in A.I.research.D.He believes it will interrupt our thinking though it differs from science fiction.46.What’s the author’s attitude towards A.I.?A.Enthusiastic.B.Opposed.C.Supportive.D. Unconcerned.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.How to show others you careThe idea that kindness can boost happiness is hardly new.Studies have shown that prosocial behavior—basically,voluntarily helping others—can help lower people’s daily stress levels,and that simple acts of connection,like texting a friend,mean more than many of us realize.___47___“I have found that kindness can be a really hard sell,”said Tara Cousineau,a clinical psychologist,“People desire kindness yet often feel troubled by the thought of being kind.”___48___They may question whether their gesture or gift will be misinterpreted,or whether it will make the recipient feel pressured to pay it back.___49___Jennifer Oldham,who lost her9-year-old daughter Hallie in July,recently created a Facebook group—Keeping Kindness for Hallie—that encourages participants to engage in random acts of kindness.People have bought groceries and donated school supplies in Hallie’s honor.“It will help your own heart,maybe even more than the recipients,”said Ms.Oldham.If you are not already in the habit of performing random kind acts,or if it does not come naturally to you,start by thinking about what you like to do.It’s not about you being like,‘Oh man,now I have to learn how to bake cookies in order to be nice’.It’s about:___50___And how can you turn that into an offering for other people?A.What skills and talents do you already have?B.Stress can also keep people from being kind to others.C.Why are recipients less likely to appreciate a random act of kindness?D.But an act of kindness is unlikely to fail,and in some instances it can create even more kindness.E.People who perform a random act of kindness tend to underestimate how much the recipient will appreciate it.F.But researchers who study kindness and friendship say they hope the new findings strengthenthe scientific case for making these types of gestures more often.IV.Summary Writing51.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.The risk of pre-schooling“Young children learning to read is one of the most important things primary education does. It’s fundamental to children making progress in life,”says Dominic Wyse,a professor of primary education at University College London,in the UK.“While learning literacy is vital to childern, the way we teach it really matters.”In a2022report,he states that English school system’s intense focus on phonics–a method that involves matching the sound of a spoken word or letter,with individual written letters, through a process called“sounding out”–could be failing some children.A reason for this is that the tests used to assess that early learning may have little to do with the skills actually needed to read and enjoy books or other meaningful texts.For example,the tests may ask pupils to“sound out”and spell nonsense words,to prevent them from simply guessing,or recognising familiar words.Since nonsense words are not meaningful language,children may find the task difficult and puzzling.It doesn’t end up being meaningful,it ends up being memorising rather than understanding context.Children who attend intensive preschools do not have higher academic abilities in later grades than those who did not attend such preschools,several studies now show.Early education can however have a positive impact on social development–which in turn feeds into the likelihood of graduation from school and university as well as being associated with lower crime rates.In short,attending preschool can have positive effects on later achievement in life,but not necessary on academic skills.Too much academic pressure may even cause problems in the long run.A study published in January2022suggested that those who attended a preschool with a strong academic emphasis, showed lower academic achievements a few years later,compared to those who had not gained a place._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________第II卷(共40分)V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.52.这个问题至今已经困扰了我好几天。

2025年上海市奉贤区高三一模语文试卷及答案

2024-2025学年度奉贤区第一学期高三年级期终调研测试语文试卷（考试时长150分钟，总分150分）一积累与运用（10分）1.按要求填空。

（5分）（1）敏于事而慎于言，，可谓好学也已。

（《论语·学而》）（2），北收要害之郡。

（《过秦论》）（3）《蜀道难》中以飞鸟与猿来烘托蜀山高危险峻的两句是“，”。

2.按要求选择。

（5分）（1）第七届中国国际进口博览会上，斯洛伐克副总理萨科娃为“一带一路”倡议点赞，指出进博会为展示斯洛伐克产品创造了机会，希望借此增进斯中经贸合作，也期待未来要继续学习中国高质量发展模式，共同助力世界经济繁荣发展。

据此，请推测她援引了下列哪句话？（）（2分）A.青，取之于蓝，而青于蓝B.锲而不舍，金石可镂C.欲穷千里目，更上一层楼D.千磨万击还坚劲，任尔东西南北风（2）将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处，语意连贯的一项是（）。

（3分）近期，奉贤有了不少新变化，社区食堂延长了午间供应时间、图书馆开出“深夜书房”……这些看似毫无关联的变化，背后都是“新城好点子”结出的“金果子”。

本次活动，一边征集，一边深入研究并推进实施部分可行的“好点子”。

据相关部门回应，________，使得“好点子”的征集量从最初预期的两千条，突破至1.8万余条。

①感受到政府积极回应的诚意②正是这种“边征集、边转化、边落地”的良性循环③才激荡起了更广泛的参与度④让市民看到建议实实在在地落地A.④③①②B.②④①③C.②①③④D.④①②③二阅读（70分）（一）阅读下文，完成第3－7题。

（16分）智媒时代的隐私困境①伴随数字技术的迭代发展，自然人的个人信息不断被数字化，从而形成与肉身对应的数字人。

进入数字化社会后，公共空间与私人空间的分野逐渐消失。

个人隐私信息，随着自然人言行被数字化而融入公共空间，成为公共数据库中的一部分，而智媒技术的快速进展持续扩大公民的这种隐私风险。

②在社会发展的进程中，公共空间和私人空间的边界经历了——消融的过程。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

2008年上海部分区县高三调研测试物理试卷考生注意： 1．答卷前，考生务必将姓名、准考证号、校验码等填写清楚. 2．满分150分，考试时间120分钟，考生应用蓝色或黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔将答案直接写在试卷上。 3．本试卷一、四大题中，小题序号后标有字母A的试题，适合于使用一期课改教材的考生；标有字母B的试题，适合于使用二期课改教材的考生；其它未标字母A或B的试题为全体考生必做的试题。不同大题可以选择不同的．．．．．．．．．．．A．类或．．B．类试题．．．，但同一大题的选择必

须相同，若在同一大题内同时选做A类、B类两类试题，阅卷时只以A类试题计分， 4．本试卷中g取10m/s2 一、（20分）填空题. 本大题共5小题，每小题4分，答案写在题中横线上的空白处或指定位置，不要求写出演算过程。本大题中第1、2、3小题为分叉题，分A、B两类，考生可任选一类答题，若两类试题均做，一律按A类题计分。 A类题（适合于使用一期课改教材的考生） 1A．法国科学家拉普拉斯曾说过：“认识一位巨人的研究方法对于科学的进步并不比发现本身有更少的用处……”。在物理学的重大发现中科学家们创造出了许多物理学方法，如观察、实验、建立模型、物理类比和物理假说等方法。其中物理假说，是根据一定的科学事实和科学理论对研究的问题提出假说性的看法或说明，例如麦克斯韦的电磁场理论、分子动理论等假说，请你再举出两个物理假说的例子____ ______；__ __。 2A．如图所示电路，电池组的内阻r＝4，外电阻R1＝2，当滑动变阻器R2的电阻调为4时，电源内部的电热功率为4W，则电源的最大输出功率为______W．欲使R2的电功率达到最大值，则R2应调为______．

3A．如图所示，边长为L的正方形区域abcd内存在着匀强电场，一个质量为m、电量为q、初速度为v0的带电粒子从a点沿ab方向进入电场，不计重力。若粒子恰好从c点离开电场，则电场强度E＝______________；粒子离开电场时的动能为______________。

B类题（适合于使用二期课改教材的考生） 1B．如图所示，假设S1、S2相当于一个保险箱的两把钥匙，分别由两个人来保管，被控制的电路是直接开启保险箱的开关。要求两个人同时闭合Sl、S2才能开启保险箱，请在虚线框内填上适当的逻辑门。

2B．如图所示一面积为S的矩形线圈在磁感应强度为B的匀强磁场中匀速转动时所产生的交流电的波形，则该交流电的频率是_________Hz，电压有效值为_______V。

3B．如图所示，边长为L的正方形区域abcd内存在着匀强磁场。一个质量为m、电荷量为q、初速度为v0的带电粒子从a点沿ab方向进入磁场，不计重力。若粒子恰好沿BC方向，从c点离开磁场，则磁感应强度B＝_______；粒子离开磁场时的动能为KE___________。

公共题（全体考生必做） 4．一光滑圆环固定在竖直平面内，环上套着两个小球A和B（中央有孔），A、B间由细绳连接着，它们处于如图中所示位置时恰好都能保持静止状态。此情况下，B球与环中心O处于同一水平面上，A、B间的细绳呈伸直状态，与水平线成30夹角。已知B球的质量为 m，则细绳对B球的拉力为___________，A球的质量为_____________。 5．如图所示，小物块从光滑斜面距底边0.8 m高处由静止下滑，经一与斜面相切的小圆弧滑上足够长的正在匀速运转的水平传送带，传送带的速度为v，方法如图，经过一定时间后，物块从传送带上返回又冲上斜面。当v＝3 m/s时物块能冲上斜面的高度h1＝________m，当v＝5 m/s时物块能冲上斜面的高度h2＝________m。

二、（20分）单项选择题。本大题共5小题，每小题4分，每小题给出的四个答案中，只有一个是正确的。将正确答案前面的字母填写在答题纸上。 6．下列说法中正确的是（） A．卢瑟福在粒子散射实验中发现了电子，提出了原子的核式结构学说 B．查德威克在原子核人工转变的实验中发现了中子 C．贝克勒尔通过对天然放射性的研究，发现了放射性元素钋（Pa）和镭（Ra） D．照相机的镜头一般都涂上增透膜，这种镀膜技术的物理学依据是光的直线传播 7．在演示光电效应的实验中，把某种金属板连在验电器上，第一次，用弧光灯直接照射金属板，验电器的指针就张开一个角度。第二次，在弧光灯和金属板之间，插入一块普通玻璃板，再用弧光灯照射，验电器指针不张开。由此可以判定，使金属板产生光电效应的是弧光中的（） A．可见光成份 B．红外光成份 C．紫外光成份 D．无线电波成份 8．如图所示，粗细均匀的U形管，左管封闭一段空气柱，两侧水银面高度差为h，U形管两管间宽度为d，且d＜h。现将U形管以O点为轴顺时针旋转90，至两平行管水平，并保持U形管在竖直面内。设温度不变，管的直径可忽略不计，水银没有溢出，则下列说法中正确的是（） A．封闭端水银柱的长度h1增大，开口端水银柱的长度h2减小，静止时h1＞h2，封闭气体压强增大 B．封闭端水银柱的长度h1减小，开口端水银柱的长度h2增大，静止时h1＝h2，封闭气体压强不变 C．封闭端水银柱的长度h1减小，开口端水银柱的长度h2增大，静止时h1＞h2，封闭气体压强增大 D．封闭端水银柱的长度h1减小，开口端水银柱的长度h2增大，静止时h1＜h2，封闭气体压强减小 9．一弹簧振子做简谐运动，其振动图像如图所示，那么在（T2 －t）和（T2 ＋t）（t是微小的时间）两时刻，振子的：①速度相同；②加速度相同；③相对平衡位置的位移相同；④振动的能量相同。以上选项中正确的是（）

A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 10．两个所受重力大小分别为GA和GB的小球A和B，用轻杆连接，放置在光滑的半球形碗内。小球A、B与碗的球心O在同一竖直平面内，如图所示，若碗的半径为R，细杆的长度为2 R，GA＞GB，由关于连接两小球的细杆AB静止时与竖直方向的夹角，以下说法正确的是（）

A．arctanGBGA ＋4 B．arctanGAGB ＋4 C．2 －arctanGAGB D．4 －arctanGBGA 三、（20分）多项选择题。本大题共4小题，每小题5分，每小题给出的四个选项中，有二个或二个以上是正确的。把正确答案全选出来，并将正确答案前面的字母填写在答题纸上。每一小题全选对的得5分；选对但不全，得部分分；有选错或不答的，得0分。填写在方括号外的字母，不作为选出的答案。 11．一列沿x轴传播的简谐横波某时刻的波形如图甲所示，若从此时刻开始计时，则图乙表示a、b、c、d中哪个质点的振动图像（）

A．若波沿x轴正方向传播，则图乙表示a点的振动图像 B．若波沿x轴正方向传播，则图乙表示b点的振动图像 C．若波沿x轴负方向传播，则图乙表示c点的振动图像 D．若波沿x轴负方向传播，则图乙表示d点的振动图像 12．在场强为E的匀强电场中固定放置两个小球1和2，它们的质量相等，电荷分别为q1

和－q2（q1 q2），球1和球2的连线平行于电场线，现同时放开两球，于是它们开始在电场

力作用下运动，如果两球间的距离可取任意有限值，则两球刚放开时，它们的加速度可能是（）

A．大小不等，方向相同， B．大小不等，方向相反， C．大小相等，方向相同， D．大小相等，方向相反。 13．平面上的光滑平行导轨MN、PQ上放着光滑导体棒ab、cd，两棒用细线系住，开始时匀强磁场的方向如图甲所示，而磁感应强度B随时间t的变化如图乙所示，不计ab、cd间电流的相互作用则细线中张力（）

A．由0到t0时间内细线中的张力逐渐增大 B．由0到t0时间内两杆靠近，细线中的张力消失 C．由0到t0时间内细线中张力不变 D．由t0到t时间内两杆靠近，细线中的张力消失 14．如图所示为推行节水工程的转动喷水“龙头”，“龙头”距地面高为h，其喷灌半径可达10h，每分钟喷出水的质量为m，所用的水从地下H深的井里抽取，设水以相同的速率喷出，水泵的效率为，不计空气阻力。则（） A．喷水龙头喷出水的初速度为52gh B．水泵每分钟对水所做的功为mg（H＋25h）

C．带动水泵的电动机的最小输出功率为mg（H＋26h） D．带动水泵的电动机的最小输出功率为mg（H＋26h）60

四．（30分）实验题. 15．（5分）下图为卢瑟福和他的同事们做粒子散射实验装置的示意图，荧光屏和显微镜一起分别放在图中的A、B、C、D四个位置时，关于观察到的现象，下述说法中正确的是（）

A．相同时间内放在A位置时观察到屏上的闪光次数最多 B．相同时间内放在B位置时观察到屏上的闪光次数只比放在A位置时稍少些 C．放在C、D位置时屏上观察不到闪光 D．放在D位置时屏上仍能观察到一些闪光，但次数极少 16．（7分）①在做“研究平抛运动”的实验时，让小球多次沿同一轨道运动，通过描点法画小球做平抛运动的轨迹。为了能较准确地描绘运动轨迹，下面列出了一些操作要求，将你认为正确的选项前面的字母填在横线上__________。 A．通过调节使斜槽的末端保持水平 B．每次释放小球的位置必须不同 C．每次必须由静止释放小球 D．记录小球位置用的铅笔每次必须严格地等距离下降 E．小球运动时不应与木板上的白纸相接触 F．将球的位置记录在纸上后，取下纸，用直尺将点连成折线 ②作出平抛运动的轨迹后，为算出其初速度，实验中需测量的数据有__________和__________。其初速度的表达式为v0＝__________。 ③某学生在做“研究平抛运动”的实验中，忘记记下小球做平抛运动的起点位置O，A为物体运动一段时间后的位置，根据图示，求出物体做平抛运动的初速度为（）

A．1.0 m/s B．10 m/s C．2.0 m/s D．20 m/s 17．（6分）某探究性学习小组欲探究光滑斜面上物体下有的加速度与物体质量及斜面倾角是否有关。实验室提供如下器材： A．表面光滑的长木板（长度为L）； B．小车； C．质量为m的钩码若干个； D．方木块（备用于垫木板）； E．米尺； F．秒表；（1）实验过程：第一步，在保持斜面倾角不变时，探究加速度与质量的关系。实验中，通过向小车放入钩码来改变物体质量，只要测出小车由斜面顶端滑至底端所用时间t，就可以由公式a＝_______求出a。某同学记录了数据如右表所示：根据以上信息，我们发现，在实验误差范围内质量改变之后平均下滑时间____（填“改变”或“不改变”），经过分析得出加速度与质量的关系为_____。第二步，在物体质量不变时，探究加速度与倾角的关系。实验中通过改变方木块垫放位来