复合土工膜防渗施工方案

复合土工膜防渗施工方案

compound geomembrane anti-seepage

construction plan

1.0项目简介:

1.0 project introduce:

基于环境保护的目的，业主拟采用先进的技术工艺，使铺设在100m×100m×1.5m 的蒸发池池底和池侧的复合土工膜形成一扇完全封闭且质量优良的防渗漏墙，以阻止蒸发池内的含油物质进入到蒸发池外的自然环境中。

2.0施工方案

2.1复合土工膜施工工艺原理

2.1 composite geomembrane construction technology principle

复合土工膜是一种土工合成材料，具有较好的防渗效果，一方面将复合土工膜铺设在需要进行防渗处理堤段坡面上，利用自身的连接形成一整体坡面防渗体，另一方面使坡面铺设的复合土工膜的下部与坡脚垂直防渗墙进行连接，使复合土工膜与坡脚防渗墙形成一整体，另外，复合土工膜上部与压顶路肩梁相接，使堤基防渗墙，坡面复合土工膜，堤顶压顶砼形成一个整体完全封闭的防渗体系。

Composite geomembrane is a kind of geosynthetic materials, good anti-seepage effect, on the one hand, the composite geomembrane laid side slope in some seepage prevention treatment is required to use their connections to form a whole slope seepage prevention body, on the other hand to make the bottom of the slope surface of composite geomembrane laid connection with slope toe vertical cut-off wall, composite geomembrane and slope foot cut-off wall to form a whole, in addition, composite geomembrane upside and coping shoulder beam, the cut-off wall in the dam foundation and slope of composite geomembrane, new coping completely closed anti-seepage concrete forming a whole system.

2.2复合土工膜施工工艺流程

2.2 composite geomembrane construction process

在复合土工膜铺设前，大堤迎水面土方填筑及坡面修整完毕，坡面平整度、压实度均达到设计要求并经监理工程师验收合格后方可进行复合土工膜的铺设，本工程复合土工膜铺设的工艺流程包含但不限于下述内容：

Before composite geomembrane laying, levee meet the earthwork filling and slope surface dressing, slope surface roughness, degree of compaction shall meet the design requirements and the supervision engineer acceptance rear can for composite geomembrane laid, composite geomembrane laid the technological process of this project included (not limited) as follows :

---蒸发池池底平整压实与检查

---蒸发池堤岸平整压实与检查

---土工膜材料检查

---土工膜场外拼接

---土工膜铺设

---土工膜施工拼接

---修补与处理

---锚固沟开挖

---土工膜锚固施工

---保护层施工

---交工验收

2.3蒸发池土建施工：

2.3.1蒸发池池底平整压实

采用压路机对池底进行压实，普氏测试压实度达到85%，并及时平整压实中对土工膜产生不利影响的地方。

2.3.2蒸发池堤岸平整压实

采用压路机对蒸发池堤岸进行压实，普氏测试压实度达到85%，并及时平整压实中对土工膜产生不利影响的地方。同时按业主要求保证土壤的质量要求，使堤岸倾斜度为1：2.

2.3.3堤坡的清理、平整场地，清除一切尖角杂物，欠坡回填夯实、富坡削坡挖平后经监理验收合格，为复合土工膜铺设提供工作面。

2.3.3 clean up of dike slope and flat field, remove all sharp corners, owe rich backfill compaction of the slope, slope cutting slope dig flat after supervision acceptance, for composite geomembrane laying face.

2.4复合土工膜施工

2.4composite geomembrane construction

2.4.1复合土工膜材料检查

2.4.1.1相关文件检查

本工程所用复合土工膜为一布一膜针刺复合土工膜，是国家经贸委公布重点土工合成材料生产企业');">企业，湖南湘维有限公司生产产品，使用前委托南京水利科学研究院实验中心对产品的各项技术指标进行检测，各项指标均符合标准规定和设计要求。

2.4.1.1

composite geomembrane materials quality testing this project used composite geomembrane to two cloth membrane composite geomembrane, is published by the state economic and trade commission key geosynthetic materials production enterprises'); "> enterprise, hunan hunan d co., LTD production product, entrusted by nanjing before use water conservancy science research institute technical indicators of experimental center of product testing, the indicators are in line with the prescribed standards and design requirements.

2.4.1.2厚度尺寸检查

利用检查设备和仪器对土工膜的幅宽、长度和厚度进行检查。使用材料规格数量如下：

---liner:14000m2HDPE,thk:1mm;

---bottom layer:200gr/cm2 geotextile.

2.4.2土工膜场外拼接

为了施工方便，保证拼接质量，复合土工膜应尽量采用宽幅，减少现场拼接量，施工前应根据复合土工膜幅宽、现场长度需要，在厂内剪裁，并拼接成合符要求尺寸的块体，卷在钢管上，人工搬运到工作面铺设。

2.4.2 geomembrane field joining together in order to convenient for construction, ensure the quality of stitching, composite geomembrane breadth should be adopted as far as possible, decrease the scene splicing, before construction should according to the requirements of the composite geomembrane width, length, cut in the factory, and spliced into the required size of the block, to roll on the steel pipe, manual handling to the face.

2.4.3复合土工膜的铺设

2.4.3 the laying of composite geomembrane

2.4.

3.1复合土工膜的铺设方法

2.4.

3.1the composite geomembrane laying method

复合土工膜铺设分齿槽坡脚平台铺设、坡面铺设两个部分，齿槽坡脚平台铺设结构形式见大样图A，该项工程应在堤基垂直防渗墙施工结束，齿槽开挖符合要求，坡脚平台验收合格后进行。铺设方法：沿防渗墙轴线方向水平滚铺。坡面铺设在坡面验收合格后，从堤顶向堤脚沿垂直于堤轴线方向缓慢展铺到坡脚处与坡脚平台铺设丁字形相接。

Composite geomembrane laid the cogging, slope, slope toe platform laid laid two parts, tooth trough slope toe platform laying structure see details A, the project should be at the end of the vertical cut-off wall construction in the dam foundation, the tooth groove excavation conforms to the requirements, after the acceptance of the slope toe platform. Laid method: along the axis direction of horizontal cut-off wall. Upon the acceptance of spread in slope, slope toe from new slowly along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the dike exhibition shop to the slope and slope toe platform laid into the crowd.

2.4.

3.2复合土工膜的铺设技术要求

2.4.

3.2 composite geomembrane laying technology requirements

铺设应在干燥和暖天气进行，为了便于拼接，防止应力集中，复合土工膜铺设采用波浪形松驰方式，富余度约为1.5%，摊开后及时拉平，拉开，要求复合土工膜与坡面吻合平整，无突起褶皱，施工人员应穿平底布鞋或软胶鞋，严禁穿钉鞋，以免踩坏土工膜，施工时如发现土工膜损坏，应及时修补。

Laid shall be carried out in a dry and warm weather, in order to facilitate splicing, prevent stress concentration, composite geomembrane laying adopts wavy relaxation method, degree of surplus is about 1.5%, spread out in a timely manner after flattening, and required composite geomembrane with slope surface level off, without ridges fold, construction personnel should wear cloth shoes with flat or soft rubber shoes, it is forbidden to wear cleats, in order to avoid stepping on geomembrane, if discover geomembrane during construction, should be repaired in a timely manner.

2.4.4复合土工膜施工拼接

2.4.4 composite geomembrane splicing

2.4.4.1本项目采用一布一膜复合土工膜，焊接采用热熔焊法施工，拼接包括土工布的缝接、土工膜的焊接，为了确保焊接质量，焊接应尽量在厂内进行，但为了施工方便，复合土工膜幅宽又不应太宽，必须在施工现场拼接。

2.4.4.1This project uses one cloth and one membrane composite geomembrane, heat welding method is used for the welding construction, stitching including geotextile, geomembrane welding seam, in order to ensure the welding quality, welding should be carried out within the factory, but for the sake of convenient construction, composite geomembrane and width should not be too wide, in the construction site must be joining together.

2.4.4.2复合土工膜焊接质量的好坏是复合土工膜防渗性能成败的关键，所以务必做好土工膜的焊接，确保焊接质量，因此，土工膜焊接应由生产厂家派专业技术人员到现场操作，指导，培训，采用土工膜专用焊接设备进行。本工程土工膜焊接采用ZPR—210V型热合土工膜焊接机，土工布采用手提式封包机缝接，

2.4.4.2 composite geomembrane welding quality is key to the success or failure of the composite geomembrane anti-seepage performance, so be sure to prepare geomembrane welding, ensure the welding quality, therefore, geomembrane welding should be by the manufacturer to send professional and technical personnel to the site operation, guidance, training, and USES the geomembrane is special welding equipment. The geomembrane welding engineering adopts ZPR - 210 v bounding geomembrane welding machine, geotextile used portable sealing machine stitched, 2.4.4.3本项目两布一膜复合土工膜焊接流程：

2.4.4.3 this project two cloth membrane composite geomembrane welding process: 2.4.4.4焊接工艺：第一幅土工膜铺好后，将需焊接的边翻叠（约60cm宽），第二幅反向铺在第一幅膜上，调整两幅膜焊接边缘走向，使之搭接10cm。

2.4.4.4 welding process: the first picture of geomembrane laying good after, will need to welding the side fold (about 60 cm wide), second picture reverse shop on the first film, adjust the welding edge towards the two membrane, lap 10 cm.

2.4.4.5焊接前用电吹风吹去膜面上的砂子、泥土等脏物，保证膜面干净，在焊接部分的底下垫一条长木板，以便焊机在平整的基面上行走，保证焊接质量，正式焊接前，根据施工气温进行试焊，确定行走速度和施焊温度，一般掌握行走速度1.5~2.5m/s，施焊温度为220~300 0C。拼接焊缝两条，每条宽10mm，两条焊缝间留有10mm的空腔，用此空腔检查其焊缝质量。

2.4.4.5 before welding with a hair dryer to film on the surface of the sand, mud and other dirt, assure film surface is clean, the welding part of the pad under a long board, so that the welding on the flat base, ensure welding quality, welding before formally, according to the trial welding construction temperature, and determine the walking speed and welding temperature, average walking speed of 1.5 ~ 1.5 m/s, welding temperature is 220 ~ 300 0 c. Splice weld two, each of the 10 mm wide, with 10 mm cavity between two weld, using this cavity to check the welding quality.

2.4.5复合土工膜的锚固

2.4.5 composite geomembrane in the anchorage

2.4.5.1锚固沟开挖与检查：

先对锚固沟四周进行测量放线，并在离堤岸0.8m的地方向外侧挖出0.6m宽，0.6m深的锚固沟。挖沟距离误差保持在±60mm以内，转角处挖沟应采用圆角过度。

2.4.5.2复合土工膜的锚固

复合土工膜锚固采用在路肩梁基础底部嵌固足够长度复合土工膜，现浇砼压盖。

2.4.5.2 composite geomembrane upper anchor used in shoulder beam at the bottom of the base built in enough length of composite geomembrane, cast-in-place concrete gland form。

2.4.5.3锚固的技术要求

锚固好坏，关系到能不能组成一个封闭防渗体，下部锚固应待此段防渗墙施工完毕，并经监理验收批准后方能进行。上部锚固待下部锚固，坡面复合土工膜铺设，拼接，保护层施工后浇砼完成。

2.4.5.3 anchor technical requirements

by anchor the technical requirements of good or bad, can relationship to form a closed seepage prevention body, the lower anchor should be for the period of the construction is completed, and approved by the supervision acceptance rear can perform. Upper anchorage for lower anchorage, slope surface composite geomembrane laid, splicing, after pouring the concrete protective layer construction completed.

2.4.6修补和处理

2.4.6.1焊缝采用丁字缝搭接，采用双面成型焊接方法进行，搭接长度按材料生产商要求进行。

2.4.6.2在必须进行密封处理的地方，宜采用具有相同最小强度和延展性要求的HDPE土工膜进行施工。

2.4.6.3在必需采用十字缝搭接的地方，应无褶皱等缺陷，且保证焊接面充分接触，质量达到业主要求。

2.4.6.4 在必须使用密封管进线处理的地方，应采用法兰连接，在保证密封质量的同时，符合压力测试要求。

2.4.7上垫层及预制块铺设

2.4.7 the cushion layer and the precast block is laid

复合土工膜的上面均匀铺设5cm卵石垫层，找平拍实后铺设10cm砼预制块。坡面复合土工膜铺设合格后应及时铺上垫层压盖，防止风吹及复合土工膜暴晒老化，同时做好砼预制块铺砌，加强复合土工膜的保护。

Composite geomembrane evenly laid 5 cm above the pebble bed, laid 10 cm after leveling take solid concrete precast blocks. Slope qualified compound geomembrane laid should be in a timely manner after the cushion on the shop gland, prevent wind and composite geomembrane insolate ageing, make concrete precast block pavement at the same time, strengthen the protection of the composite geomembrane.

3.质量保证与控制

复合土工膜施工质量控制包括进场原材料质量控制、施工操作过程控制、施工完质量检测。

Compound geomembrane arena construction quality control including raw materials quality control, construction process control, quality inspection.

3.1原材料质量控制

进场的复合土工膜必须有厂家提供的合格证书，性能及特性指标和使用说明书。

3.1 raw material quality control approach of compound geomembrane must have the factory provide certificate of quality, performance and characteristic parameters and operating instructions.

3.2施工操作过程控制

复合土工膜铺设前编好施工组织设计，说明铺设方法和技术措施，经监理批准后方使用，施工人员均应穿平底布鞋或软胶底鞋进行铺设，严禁穿钉鞋以防踩坏土工膜，做到随铺随压，复合土工膜铺设要与保护层铺设相协调。拼接中复合土工膜焊缝质量是拼接关键，施工中尤其要加强接缝检测，检测方法有一目测法、二现场检漏。目测法：复合土工膜焊接好后，观察有无漏接，接缝是否烫损，有无褶皱，是否拼接均匀等。

现场检漏采用充气法对全部焊缝进行检测，焊缝为双条，两条之间留有约10mm的空腔，将待测段两端封死，插入气针，充气至0.05mpa~0.20mpa，静观0.5min，观察真空表，如气压无下降，表明不漏，焊缝合格，否则要查找原因及时修补。复合土工膜上下部锚固是重要的环节，严格按施工图纸并经监理验收后施工。

3.2 construction process control composite geomembrane laid before make up construction organization design, specification laid method and technical measures, approved by the supervising rear use, construction personnel shall wear cloth shoes with flat or soft rubber soled shoes were laid, it is forbidden to wear spiked shoes trampled geomembrane in case, do it with the shop along with the pressure, composite geomembrane laid to coordinated with protective layer laying. Composite geomembrane splicing in the weld quality is key to joining together, especially in the construction to strengthen the joint detection, the detection method has a visual method, the second leakage on site. Visual method: compound geomembrane welding, observe whether miss, whether joint iron loss, presence of fold, whether stitching uniform, etc. On-site detection, leak detection by the method of aeration, all weld seam for the article, with about 10 mm between each two cavity, and will be sealed on both ends of the section under test, insert gas needle, inflatable to 0.05 mpa to 0.20 mpa, 0.5 min wait and observe the vacuum table, such as the pressure falls no, that doesn't leak, weld qualification, or to find reasons for repair in time. Compound geomembrane upper anchorage is an important link, in strict accordance with construction drawings and the supervision of acceptance after construction.

3.3施工完质量检测。

施工完质量检测主要是抽样检测，施工每约1000m2取一试件，做拉伸强度试验，要求强度不低于母材的80%，且试样断裂不得在接缝处，否则接缝质量不合格。整个工程共使用复合土工膜45000m2左右，现场共抽取焊缝试样43组，

作拉伸强度试验，经检测合格率100%，焊缝质量合格。

3.3 construction quality inspection. Construction finished sampling test quality detection is mainly, each of about 1000 m2 in a specimen, tensile strength test, the required strength of less than 80% of the parent metal, and the sample fracture, may not be in the joint seam quality are not qualified. The whole project using the composite geomembrane is around 45000 m2, the scene a total weld sample groups, 43 for tensile strength test, after testing qualified rate 100%, and the quality of weld is good.

3.4 采用施工前预培训跟施工时强化培训相结合的方法，确保雇员能够按要求进行施工，保证施工质量。

3.5根据设备使用条件和施工环境条件对施工安排进线调整，确保施工质量。

7健康安全与环境保护：

7.1按业主和施工所在地要求的健康、安全和环境保护要求进行施工和管理。

7.2 按业主和施工所在地要求对施工残余物进行回收和处理。