《局部解剖学期末复习资料》【局解】英语名解翻译——何方舟10.doc

《局部解剖学期末复习资料》【局解】英语名解翻译——何方舟10.doc
《局部解剖学期末复习资料》【局解】英语名解翻译——何方舟10.doc

扌舌号里综合考虑可以不写

腋窝

位于胸上部、臂上部(肩关节下方)的椎体区域

内侧壁:前锯肌,上位4个肋骨及肋间肌,胸外侧血管,胸长神经。

外侧壁:肱骨(结节间沟),(肱二头肌长短头,喙肱肌),旋肱前后血管。

前壁:胸大肌,胸小肌,(锁骨下肌),锁胸筋膜及内穿结构头静脉、胸肩峰血管、胸外侧神经,再加胸内侧神经。

后壁:肩胛下肌,大圆肌,背阔肌,(肩胛骨),三边孔,四边孔及其通过结构。

顶:锁骨屮1/3部,第--肋外缘(锁骨下血管移行腋血管),肩胛骨上缘围成。(通颈根部,有臂丛通过)。

底:皮肤,浅筋膜,腋筋膜。

注:三边孔,四边孔。肱三头肌长头在大圆肌后方和小圆肌的前方Z间穿过,在腋窝后壁上形成两个间隙。

四边孔

上界:小圆肌,肩胛下肌,(肩关节囊)。下界:大圆肌。外侧界:肱骨外科颈。内侧界:肱三头肌长头外侧缘。通过结构:旋肱后血管,腋神经。

三边孔(上)

上界:小圆肌,肩胛下肌,肩胛骨外侧缘,肩关节囊。下界:大圆肌。外侧界:肱三头肌长头内侧缘。

通过结构:旋肩胛血管

三边孔(下)

上界为大圆肌;内侧界为肱三头肌长头;外侧界为肱三头肌内侧头。包括挠神经和肱深动脉

腋勒

颈部椎前筋膜向腋窝延续,包裹腋血管(腋动脉、腋静脉)和臂从(的结缔组织膜)

肘窝

肘前区的三角形凹陷,(其尖朝向上肢远端)。

上界:肱骨内外上髒连线。下外侧界:肱稅肌。下内侧界:旋前圆肌。顶:由浅入深,皮肤,浅筋膜,深筋膜,肱二头肌腱膜。底:肱肌,旋后肌,(肘关节囊)。

由外到内包含棧神经、肱二头肌腱、肱动脉、正中神经。

肱二头肌腱膜

起自肱二头肌腱内侧,覆盖于肱动脉和正屮神经上,向内下与前臂深筋膜愈着

屈肌支持带

为鱼际肌起始处,形成手腕前部的腕管。尺侧端附着于豌豆骨、三角骨和钩骨(2第一层+1第二层尺侧),橈侧端附着于手舟骨和大多角骨结节(1第一层+1第二层梯侧,形成腕梯侧管)。

表面通过:尺侧血管神经束(屈肌支持带、腕掌侧韧带形成的腕尺侧管屮),掌长肌腱,正屮神经掌支。

深面通过:即通过腕管结构。

(豌豆骨、三角骨、月骨、舟骨、大多角骨、小多角骨、头状骨、钩骨)

腕管

前为屈肌支持带,后为腕骨(沟),共同围成。内有正屮神经、拇长屈肌腱(及其腱勒)、指深、浅屈肌腱(屈肌总腱鞘)通过。(正中神经受到压迫,则产生“腕管综合症”。)

股三角

位于股前内侧区上1/3部,由肌围成的一个底向上,尖向下的倒三角形凹陷区域,其尖向下接续收肌管。

上界:腹股沟韧带。外下界:缝匠肌内侧缘。内下界:长收肌内侧缘。顶:阔筋膜和筛筋膜。底:自外而内,骼腰肌,

耻骨肌,长收肌,及其筋膜。

内容物:自外而内,股神经及其分支,股鞘及其包含的股动脉、股静脉、股管和其内的股深淋巴结、淋巴管、脂肪组织等。(股管可形成股疝)

股坏

为股管的腹部开口。

内侧界:腔隙韧带。前界:腹股沟韧带。外侧界:股静脉内侧的纤维隔。后界:耻骨梳韧带。

股管

在股鞘内位于股静脉内侧。内含脂肪、疏松结缔组织,淋巴结和淋巴管。有从下肢和会阴到腹膜腔的淋巴管通过。是一个潜在薄弱区,易形成股疝。女性骨盆耻骨上支较宽,易发股疝。

上口:股环,朝向腹腔,卵圆形。

下端:盲端。称股管下角。

股鞘

为腹横筋膜及骼腰筋膜(向下)延续形成的筋膜鞘。含有股动、静脉,生殖股神经股支,股管(腹股沟深淋巴结、淋巴管、脂肪)。(股神经位于股鞘外,股动脉外侧)。远端与大隐静脉近端汇合(向下包绕大隐静脉末端)。

收肌管

前壁:收肌腱板(股内侧肌、大收肌、长收肌之间),前面被缝匠肌覆盖。外侧壁:股内侧肌及其筋膜。

后壁:长收肌和大收肌及其筋膜。上口:与股三角尖相通。下口:收肌腱裂孔,通胭窝上角。

内容物:从前到后,股神经的股内侧肌支和隐神经、股动脉、股静脉,再加周围淋巴管、疏松组织、膝降动脉。

收肌腱裂孔

为进入大收肌腱的裂孔。有股血管通过进入胭窝。

隐静脉裂孔(卵圆窝)

腹股沟韧带(中1/3和内1/3交界处)下(一横指)的阔筋膜上的卵圆形缺口。上面覆盖股部的浅筋膜筛筋膜。有大隐静脉穿过。

月国窝

(一)边界

为膝后区一菱形凹陷。外上界:股二头肌腱。内上界:半腱肌半膜肌。内下界:腓肠肌内侧头。外下界:腓肠肌外侧头。顶:胭筋膜(阔筋膜的延续,下移行为小腿深筋膜)。底:自上而下,股骨胭面,膝关节囊后部,胭斜韧带,胭肌及其筋膜。

(二)内容

由浅至深,胫神经,胭静脉,胭动脉。以及沿外上界下行的腓总神经。(血管周围胭深淋巴结。)

(胫神经皮支腓肠内侧皮神经,在胭筋膜深面,伴小隐静脉下行。)

踝管

内踝和跟结节内侧而之间的屈肌支持带与跟骨内侧而及内踝共同围成踝管。

通过结构由前到后:胫骨后肌腱及其腱鞘,趾K屈肌腱及其腱鞘,胫后血管胫神经束,&母长屈肌腱及其腱鞘。

纵膈

位于胸腔中,胸膜之间的间隙。两侧为纵膈胸膜,前有胸骨和胸横肌,后为脊柱。

包括下纵膈和心包上的上纵膈,下纵膈(以心包前后壁)分为前、中、后纵膈.

上纵膈

上界为第一肋的斜面,下界为胸骨角与第4、5椎I'可盘的连线。

含有(前,胸腺?静脉层)胸腺,上腔静脉,左、右头臂静脉。(中,动脉层)主动脉弓(头臂干、左颈总动脉、左锁骨下动脉)、迷走神经、膈神经。(后)胸导管、气管、食管、左喉返神经。

前纵膈

心包前壁与胸骨体、胸横肌之间的窄隙,内有(胸腺)胸腺遗迹下部,(纵膈前)淋巴结、脂肪、疏松结缔组织、(胸骨心包韧带)。

中纵膈

位于左、右胸膜之间。(心包前、后壁之间的区域)。内有心、心包、岀入心的大血管根部(主动脉、肺动静脉、腔静脉)、膈神经、心包膈血管、奇静脉弓、主支气管(心神经丛及淋巴结)。

后纵膈

位于心包后壁纵膈胸膜之间。包括食管、胸主动脉、奇静脉、半奇静脉、(副半奇静脉、)胸导管、迷走神经、胸交感干、内脏(大、小)神经、(纵膈后淋巴结)。

腹股沟三角(海氏三角)

内侧界腹直肌外缘,外侧界为腹壁下动脉,下界为腹股沟韧带。为潜在薄弱区域,腹腔内容物经此三角突出,形成腹股沟直疝。

腹股沟管

起于腹股沟深环,终于腹股沟浅环。有精索,或子宫圆韧带与生殖股神经生殖支,经过腹股沟深环通过腹股沟管。斜疝也经此通过腹股沟管。骼腹股沟神经通过腹股沟管和腹股沟浅环,但不通过腹股沟深环。

前壁:浅层腹外斜肌腱膜,深层管的外侧1/3处腹内斜肌起自腹股沟韧带的肌纤维加强。

后壁:腹横筋膜,管的内侧1/3处有发育程度不一的联合腱(腹横肌、腹内斜肌融合)加强。

上壁:腹内斜肌与腹横肌形成的弓状下缘

下壁:腹股沟韧带构成的凹槽

内口:腹股沟管深环,位于腹股沟韧带中点上方约[横指处,腹横筋膜。腹壁下动脉外侧(即脐外侧裳外侧)。外口:腹股沟管浅环,腹外斜肌腱膜在耻骨结节外上方形成的三角形裂隙。腹壁下动脉内侧。

颈动脉鞘

内脏筋膜向两侧延续,包绕颈总动脉、颈内动脉、颈内静脉、迷走神经形成的筋膜鞘。

交感干位于颈动脉鞘后方,被椎前筋膜覆盖。

与椎前筋膜、气管前筋膜、封套筋膜混合一起连于颅底。

SCALP

头部上方,前为眉弓,后为枕外隆凸和上项线。两侧向下止于额弓。(由浅入深)为皮肤、浅筋膜、帽状腱膜、腱膜下疏松结缔组织、颅骨外膜。

腮腺导管

腮腺导管从额弓(下一横指)与口角之间出于腮腺前缘,向前横行穿过咬肌表面,穿过咬肌内侧缘后,转向深而, 穿过Bichat's脂肪垫和颊肌。开口于平对上颌第二磨牙的颊黏膜(腮腺乳头)

高中英语作文80词以上带翻译

高中英语作文80词以上带翻译 下面为大家搜集整理有关高中的优秀英语作文,希望可以帮助到大家!高中英语作文:Can Exercise Affects StudyPeople always say to students that their main duty is to study and they should not spend time on other things except for study. However, most boys are born to love exercise, especially ball exercises. Thus, they are always blamed to spend time on playing balls, instead of spending all time on study. In my opinion, the idea is wrong. Proper exercise is good for study. Exercise can help students relax their mind and body. After a long time study, they need it very much. After relaxing, they can have a good state to study, which will improve their study efficiency. Besides, students always can sleep better after exercise. If they sleep well, they can have more energy on study. It promotes study. But spending too much time on exercise may have bad influence on study.人们总是对学生们说他们的主要任务是学习,除了学习不应该把时间用在别的地方。 然而,大部分男孩子都是天生爱运动,尤其是球类运动。 因此,他们经常会被责备把时间花在打球上而不是把所有时间都放在学习上。 在我看来,这个想法是错误的。 恰当的运动是有助于学习的。 运动可以帮助学生放松身心。

道歉信英语作文带翻译

篇一:道歉信英文模板及翻译dear_____, i am writing this letter to express my apology that ______________. i feel terribly sorry about this. once again, i am very sorry for any inconvenience caused. i will be really appreciated if you can accept my apologies and understand my situation. yours sincerely _________ 亲爱的_____,(对方姓名) 我写这封信以表达我的道歉 ______________(道歉原因)。 对此我深感抱歉。 我再次对给您造成的任何不便深感歉意,希望您能理解我的处境并接受我的道歉。 谨启 _________(自己姓名)篇二:英语作文道歉信常用句式和套话 道歉信常用句式和套话 道歉信中开头段常用句式和套话 i am writing this letter to express my regret… i am w riting to apologize for… i would like to give you my apology for… i must apologize about (not) doing sth… please accept my sincere apology for… i am writing to say sorry for… 道歉信中结尾段常用句式和套话 once again, i am sorry for any inconvenience caused. please allow me to say sorry again. i sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies. i want to let you know how regretful i am feeling now.篇三:英文致歉信_范文 道歉信 letter of apology 我们在工作或生活中,有时难免会犯一些错误,写封致歉信就显得很有必要。道歉信通常包括以 下内容:表示歉意;道歉的原由;出现差错的原因;提出弥补措施;请求原谅。写道歉信的语言 要诚挚,解释的理由要真实,不要显出丝毫的虚情假意。好的道歉信不仅会取得对方的谅解,还 会增进彼此的感情。 写作三步走: 表示歉意->说明具体原因、提出补救办法->再次致歉、希望得到理解 tips: 在写作过程中,尽可能提供比较合理的理由。如果违反生活常识将导致扣分。 在解释完原因后,尽量提供一个合适的补救办法,使行文更加完满。 订阅收藏《考研英语写作范文100篇》系列文章 (1)directions: you should write about 100 words on answer sheet 2. do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. use li ming instead.

用英语写感谢信的模板及翻译

用英语写感谢信的模板及翻译 英文感谢信范本(一) thank you for interview ii dear (bosss name), thank you so much for seeing me yesterday. the interview confirmed what others have told me - that (company name) would be a terrific place for someone with my skills and interests. i am convinced that i could make an impact and add value as a (job title) in your department. as we reviewed my background, i hope that you came to a similar conclusion. it was indeed a pleasure to discuss the opportunities with you. i thank you again for the opportunity and look forward to our next interaction. again, you can reach me (when) (call time) at (telephone), or you may leave a message on my answering machine, and i will return your call promptly. sincerely, (signature) 谢谢你采访二世 亲爱的(所名称), 非常感谢你昨天看到我。面试确认别人告诉我,(公司名称)将会是一个很棒的地方有人与我的技能和兴趣。

[中考英语作文]中考英语作文范文5篇带翻译

2017-09-01 20:19:45文/张秀秀 英语作文是英语考试必考的题目,中考英语也不例外。很多同学对于觉得英语作文十分难写,不知道如何入手。以下是初三网整理的中考英语作文范文5篇带翻译,欢迎参阅。 Everyone has their own dreams, I am the same. But my dream is not a lawyer, not a doctor, not actors, not even an industry. Perhaps my dream big people will find it ridiculous, but this has been my pursuit! My dream is to want to have a folk life! I want it to become a beautiful painting, it is not only sharp colors, but also the colors are bleak, I do not rule out the painting is part of the black, but I will treasure these bleak colors! Not yet, how about, a colorful painting, if not bleak, add color, how can it more prominent American? Life is like painting, painting the bright red color represents life beautiful happy moments. Painting a bleak color represents life difficult, unpleasant time. You may find a flat with a beautiful road is not very good yet, but I do not think it will. If a person lives flat then what is the point? Life is only a short few decades, I want it to go Finally, Each memory is a solid. 【翻译】 每个人都有自己的梦想,我也一样。但是我的梦想不是律师,不是医生,不是演员,甚至不是一种行业! 我的梦想也许大人们会觉得可笑,但是,这是我一直追寻的!我的梦想是想要自己有一个七彩的人生!我要它成为一幅美丽的画,它不但要有鲜明的颜色,也要有暗淡的颜色,我不排除这幅画有一部分的黑色,我反而会很珍惜这些暗淡的颜色!不是吗,试问一下,一幅色彩鲜艳的画,如果不加一点暗淡的颜色,又怎能更突出它的美呢? 人生就象画一样,画中鲜艳的颜色就代表着人生美丽快乐的时光。画中暗淡的颜色就代表着人生遭遇困难,不愉快的时候。也许你会觉得拥有一条平坦美丽的路不是很好吗,但我并不觉得。 一个人如果一生平坦那有什么意思呢?人生只有短短几十年,我要他走到最后时,每一个回忆都事充实的! I eat breakfast everyday, because it’s important to my health. At first, I did not like eating breakfast, but my mother forced me to eat. Every morning, my mother prepared delicious breakfast for me, such as milk, egg, bread and others. Gradually, I liked having breakfast. I feel energetic after having breakfast. Having delicious and nutrient breakfast brings me a happy day. I hope everyone can build this healthy habit

[初二英语作文80词左右]初二英语作文80词【十篇】

[初二英语作文80词左右]初二英语作文80词【十篇】写作是英语学习的重要内容,也是英语学习的最终目标。下面为你的初二80词【十篇】,希望对你有帮助! 【篇一】初二80词英语作文:聘外教的利弊 Hiring a foreign teacher is good for students, they can have aess to the native aent, when students speak English to foreigners, they can get use to the foreign aent. Compared to the Chinese teacher, foreign teacher brings students confident. Hiring a foreign also can let the students have aess to the foreign culture, foreign teacher always show students their country’s culture to make the student understand the English better. Foreign teacher is good for student’s learning. 【篇二】初二80词英语作文:my dream In my mind, everyone shall have his own dream. I think that having a dream means that we have an idea, and then we

道歉信英语作文带翻译

篇一:道歉信英文模板及翻译 dear_____, i am writing this letter to express my apology that ______________. i feel terribly sorry about this. once again, i am very sorry for any inconvenience caused. i will be really appreciated if you can accept my apologies and understand my situation. yours sincerely _________ 亲爱的_____,(对方姓名) 我写这封信以表达我的道歉 ______________(道歉原因)。 对此我深感抱歉。 我再次对给您造成的任何不便深感歉意,希望您能理解我的处境并接受我的道歉。 谨启 _________(自己姓名)篇二:英语作文道歉信常用句式和套话 道歉信常用句式和套话 道歉信中开头段常用句式和套话 i am writing this letter to express my regret… i am writing to apologize for… i would like to give you my apology for… i must apologize about (not) doing sth… please accept my sincere apology for… i am writing to say sorry for… 道歉信中结尾段常用句式和套话 once again, i am sorry for any inconvenience caused. please allow me to say sorry again. i sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies. i want to let you know how regretful i am feeling now.篇三:英文致歉信_范文 道歉信 letter of apology 我们在工作或生活中,有时难免会犯一些错误,写封致歉信就显得很有必要。道歉信通常包括以下内容:表示歉意;道歉的原由;出现差错的原因;提出弥补措施;请求原谅。写道歉信的语言要诚挚,解释的理由要真实,不要显出丝毫的虚情假意。好的道歉信不仅会取得对方的谅解,还会增进彼此的感情。 写作三步走: 表示歉意->说明具体原因、提出补救办法->再次致歉、希望得到理解 tips: 在写作过程中,尽可能提供比较合理的理由。如果违反生活常识将导致扣分。 在解释完原因后,尽量提供一个合适的补救办法,使行文更加完满。 订阅收藏《考研英语写作范文100篇》系列文章 (1)directions: you should write about 100 words on answer sheet 2. do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. use li ming instead. do not write the address. 范文: dear anne,

英语感谢信万能模板(共6篇)

英语感谢信万能模板(共6篇) Directions: After being involved in an accident, you were looked after by Mr. Shakespeare. Write a special letter to express your thanks. Dear Mr. Shakespeare, I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude. I am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day, when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi. If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the consequences might have been much serious. Everyone agrees that it was your quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome. Although nowadays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish, we see very few people practice what they preach. If there were more people like you, this world would be a much nicer place. 感谢信 感谢信主要组成部分: 1 开门见山地交代写信目的 引出感谢

带翻译高一英语作文范文

带翻译高一英语作文范文 In everybody’s eyes, I am a good girl, because I make the good marks in the exams and help my parents to do things. Unlike other students, who will go against their parents, I follow my parents’words. I don’t think that to do something goes against the adults is the wise choice, but I do want to do something new. Recently, I want to cut my hair and make the short style. My mother doesnt agree with me, because she thinks a girl should have the long hair. This time, I insist on my idea. Finally, she supports me. Trying something new makes me feel happy and be myself. The short hair makes me look like a cool boy and I like this style. My friends admire me to have the courage to change my image.在大家眼中,我就是一个好女孩,因为我考试成绩好,还帮助父母做事。不像其他学生,会和父母作对,我很听父母的话。我认为做一些违背大人们的事情是不明智的选择,但我想做一些创新。最近,我想把我的头发剪了,留短发。我妈妈不同意我的做法,因为她认为一个女孩就应该留长头发。这一次,我坚持我的想法。最后,她支持了我。尝试新事物让我感到预约,做我自己。短发使我看起来像一个很酷的男孩,但是我喜欢这种风格。我的朋友都羡慕我有勇气去改变自己的形象。 高一英语作文范文(二)

中考满分英语作文80词左右

这篇文章小编给大家整理了一些中考英语满分作文,希望同学们通过借鉴优秀的作文来提高自己的写作水平。 低碳生活 My Low-carbon Life The environmental pollution is worse and worse today. Many trees are cut down, and water and air are polluted. As a student I try to have a low-carbon life to save energy and reduce pollution. Firstly, I often walk to school. It can reduce air pollution. Secondly, I always turn off the lights and fans when leaving the classroom. Thirdly, I always make full use of paper and other school things and never waste water. I wish more students to join me and make the earth more and more beautiful. 我的梦想 Everyone has his or her own secret dream. I wonder why I am gonna tell you my secret dream. No way! Heheh... I am gonna make up one secret dream for you. Any way, you will not copy everything I have written down. I am sure that you will get good ideas about writing it up. When I was much younger, I had some secret dreams. One of mine was about becoming a super hero to save the world. Hehe. I hope it doesn't sound funny to you. Another secret dream of mine was about being the most handsome and intelligent man in the world. Yeh, I know that sounds unrealistic. After all, that was a bubble dream only. I had a lot more secret dreams when I was a little boy. Some of them came true! 我们需要爱 1

英文道歉信及翻译2篇

提供专业的word版文档,优质的服务,希望对您有帮助/双击去除 英文道歉信及翻译2篇 英文道歉信及翻译1 DearAnne, Thankyouforyourinvitationtodinneratyourhometomorrow evening.unfortunately,itismuchtomyregretthatIcannot joinyouandyourfamily,becauseIwillbefullyoccupiedthe nforanimportantexamcomingthedayaftertomorrow.Ifeelt erriblysorryformissingthechanceofsuchahappy

get-together,andIhopethatallofyouenjoyagoodtime.Isi tpossibleforyouandmetohaveaprivatemeetingafterward? Ifso,pleasedon'thesitatetodropmealineaboutyourprefe rabledate.Idolongforapleasantchatwithyou. pleaseallowmetosaysorryagain. regards, Liming 【译文】 亲爱的安: 感谢你邀请我于明日晚上与你和你的家人共进午餐。可

是,我非常遗憾地告诉你我无法赴约,因为我将忙于准备后天的一门重要考试。错过了这么一个欢乐的聚会我深感遗憾,我希望你们能度过一个愉快的时光。对了,在我考试后我们可以见一面么?如果可以的话请随时给我打电话,我非常期 待能和你愉快地聊天。 请允许我再一次致歉。 您真诚的,李明 英文道歉信及翻译2 Dearjohn, Iameagerlylookingforwardtoyourvisittoourcity.Aftera lltheseyearsofwritingtoeachother,Icannotwaittoseeyo

感谢信英语作文

感谢信英语作文 篇一:感谢信英语作文带翻译 dear mr. liu, 亲爱的刘先生, 谢谢你购买我们的卫星系列电脑。 we are dedicated to manufacturing the most advanced business machines and hope that our products are meeting with your approval. 我们致力于生产最先进的商业机器,希望我们的产品与你的批准。 你的评论对我们来说也是很重要的,因为他们帮助我们提供最好的服务。 please take a moment to fill out the enclosed card in order to receive lifetime technical support,special prices and updates. 请花点时间填写附件卡为了获得终身技术支持,特殊的价格和更新。 if you have any questions concerning our products, please call our customer service department at 1234-567. 如果你有任何问题关于我们的产品,请致电我们的客户服务部门在1234 - 567。 1 ————来源网络整理,仅供供参考

again, thank you for your purchase. 再次感谢您的购买。 篇二:感谢信英语作文范文 dear mary , in this letter i would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you for your books about band four to me. the book is very useful especially for my reading and writing .i want to buy this book for a long time. your generous help and tender care made me feel warmly. thank you once more. 篇三:英语作文感谢信 dear laura, i was truly eaptured beyond expression to receive your flowers which turned our living room into a garden. how considerate and wonderful of you to remember my birthday. you just couldnt have selected anything i had have liked more! you have a positive genius for selecting the right gift! the four years i spent with you at the college have been the pleasantest period in my life. i will cherish this memory forever. how nice it would be to see you again. ————来源网络整理,仅供供参考 2

中考英语作文背诵范文(带翻译)

写作技巧 一、了解高分作文的特点 要想作文获得高分,必须了解高分作文具有的特点,才有助于我们朝之而努力。高分作文一般具有以下特点: 1、书写工整,书面整洁,很少有涂改痕迹。 2、分段合理。全文分段一般不止一个自然段,让阅卷老师很容易就能找到作文所要求写的要点和重要句子。 3、要点齐全,不缺要点。 4、首尾呼应,自然成一体。 5、使用了大量的高级词汇和句型。阅卷老师一看就知道这个同学的功底非不一般,自然就给打高分了。 6、开头言简意赅,不啰嗦,不偏题,迅速引入主题。 7、段与段之间,自然过渡。有合适的连接词。 8、句与句之间,有恰当的连接词,使之自然成一体。 9、全文中同一个意思,基本没有重复使用某一个词、短语或者句型等,说明这个同学的词汇量不同寻常。老师自然就对该作文有好感了。 10、能够恰当使用谚语、格言等给文章添彩。 二、勤积累,巧准备 要想作文得高分,除了了解以上的特点外,还要在平时的学习中注意一下方面: 1、牢记课标词汇是基础 一篇作文多数是由积极词汇写出来的,这些词汇主要来源于课标。因此,牢记课标词汇是写好作文的基础。 2、掌握课标词汇和短语的用法 要想作文不扣分或者少扣分,有个要作文的语病少。怎么能够减少语病呢?这就要求我们在平时的学习过程中反复通过练习,掌握课标词汇和短语等的用法。例如,对于as soon as 、stop some body from doing something 、other 、another等的用法很多学生就经常出错。 3、高度重视同一个意思的多种表达方式 高分作文有个特点是:让老师发现你拥有丰富的词汇量,你的水平高人一筹。这由何而来?靠我们在平时学习过程中,逐步积累起来的。比如:今年的中考作文,谈的就是帮助他人的问题。同一个意思“帮助”,假如你就用一个动词“help”,岂不显得你词汇贫乏?假如你在作文中不断地变换方式,用help、give somebody a hand、 give a hand to somebody 、be in need of 等以表达“帮助”同一个意思,岂不更好呢? 像这样的例子很多,比如:大家都觉得很简单又很基础的“表示的方式”就有:My name is Jim. I’m Jim. I’m called/named Jim. I’m a boy called /named /with the name of Jim. 等等。 表达年龄的方式有:She is 12. She is 12 years old. She is aged 12. She is a girl of 12(years old) . She is a girl aged 12.等等。 很显然,使用高级一点的更好。 4、加强练习,积累经验 学习语言最好的方法是运用,作文也不例外。我们要想作文得高分,必须经常练习,才能提高水平。 5、充分利用作文文 很多资料书上都有作文文。诚然,他们有很多值得借鉴的地方。 我们怎么利用它们呢?首先,我们先不要看文章,自己先思考一下:假如你来写,你会怎么去写,会用到哪些词或者句子等。然后去比较,勾出其中的好词佳句,并且把它摘录在专门的作文册子上。供写作时选用。 另外,背一些文也是很有必要的。 6、背诵一些谚语和警句 作文中如果出现恰当的谚语和警句,会有锦上添花的效果。 三、精心审题,沉着写初稿 很多同学看到作文后,下笔就写。这是不对的。一则很容易写偏题、写出病句,涂改后书面又不整洁,影响得分。 其实,会写作文的同学都知道,审题非常的重要,可以防止很多毛病,提高得分。那么我们审题要做些什么呢?

道歉信英语作文100字

竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除道歉信英语作文100字 篇一:道歉信英语作文带翻译 篇一:道歉信英文模板及翻译 dear_____, iamwritingthislettertoexpressmyapologythat_________ _____. ifeelterriblysorryaboutthis. onceagain,iamverysorryforanyinconveniencecaused.iwi llbereallyappreciatedifyoucanacceptmyapologiesandun derstandmysituation. yourssincerely _________ 亲爱的_____,(对方姓名) 我写这封信以表达我的道歉______________(道歉原因)。

对此我深感抱歉。 我再次对给您造成的任何不便深感歉意,希望您能理解我的处境并接受我的道歉。谨启 _________(自己姓名)篇二:英语作文道歉信常用句式和套话 道歉信常用句式和套话 道歉信中开头段常用句式和套话 iamwritingthislettertoexpressmyregret… iamwritingtoapologizefor… iwouldliketogiveyoumyapologyfor… imustapologizeabout(not)doingsth… pleaseacceptmysincereapologyfor… iamwritingtosaysorryfor… 道歉信中结尾段常用句式和套话 onceagain,iamsorryforanyinconveniencecaused. pleaseallowmetosaysorryagain. isincerelyhopethatyouwillbeabletothinkinmypositiona ndacceptmyapologies.iwanttoletyouknowhowregretfulia mfeelingnow.篇三:英文致歉信_范文道歉信letterofapology 我们在工作或生活中,有时难免会犯一些错误,写封致

感谢信英语作文带翻译

篇一:英文作文感谢信(带翻译) 感谢信 dear mr. liu, 亲爱的刘先生, 谢谢你购买我们的卫星系列电脑。 we are dedicated to manufacturing the most advanced business machines and hope that our products are meeting with your approval. 我们致力于生产最 先进的商业机器, 希望我们的产品与你的批准。 你的评论对我们来 说也是很重要的, 因为他们帮助我们提供最好的服务。 please take a moment to fill out the enclosed card in order to receive lifetime technical support, special prices and updates. 请花点时间填写附件卡 为了获得终身技术支持, 特殊的价格和更新。 if you have any questions concerning our products, please call our customer service department at 1234-567. 关于我们的产品, 请致电我们的客户服务部门在1234 purchase. 如果你有任何问题567 。again, thank you for your 再次感谢您的购买。 sincerely yours, 谨致问候, wulei wulei manager, channel marketing department 市场部经理, 渠道中国 通用电脑公司 篇二:感谢信英语作文范文 感谢信范文 dear mary , in this letter i would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you for your books about band four to me. the book is very useful especially for my reading and writing .i want to buy this book for a long time. your generous help and tender care made me feel warmly.

中考英语作文背诵范文(带翻译)

一、Great changes in my hometown More than twenty years ago, my hometown was just a small , old and poor town. Most of people were farmers. There were few factories. The people didn’t have enough food to eat and wore old clothes. They had a hard life . Great changes have taken place in the past twenty years . The people have found a lot of ways of making money . Now there are many tall buildings . They are very beautiful . Roads are wide and clean . People can take buses or drive their own cars to go to work . Many people have cell phones and personal computers. People’s living conditions have improved a lot . Thanks to the government’s efforts . my hometown is becoming more and more beautiful . 一,在我的家乡发生了很大的变化 二十多年来,我的家乡只是个小,又老又穷镇。大多数人都是农民。有几个工厂。人们没有足够的食物吃,把旧衣服穿在身上。他们有一个艰苦的生活。 发生了巨大的变化,在过去的20年。人们已经发现很多的赚钱途径。现在有许多高大的建筑物。他们很漂亮。道路宽阔,又干净。人们可以搭公车或驾驶自己的汽车去上班。许多人有手机和个人电脑。人民的 生活条件有了很大的进步。由于政府的努力。我的家乡正变得越来越美丽了。 二、Save the earth How to protect the environment has become one of the biggest problems in the world . It’s our duty to protect our environment . No matter where we live , we should do something to keep our neighborhood clean and tidy . We can collect waste paper or other waste things for recycling. We should plant more trees and we should prevent those factories from pouring waste water into rivers, lakes and fields. We shouldn’t leave rubbish everywhere and spit in public places . We mustn’t pick the flowers or step on the grass in public. If everyone tries his best to protect the environment , the world will become much more beautiful and our life will be better and better . 二、拯救地球 如何保护环境已成为世界上最大的问题。 这是我们的责任保护我们的环境。不管我们居住的地方,我们应该做些事情来保持我们的邻居整洁。我们可以收集废纸或其他废弃物回收利用。我们应该种更多的树,我们应该阻止那些工厂从浇注废水流入河流、湖泊和领域。我们不应该把垃圾随处可见,在公共场所随地吐痰。我们不能摘花、践踏草地在公众场合。如果每个人都尽自己最大的努力去保护环境,世界将变得更加美丽,我们的生活一定会越来越好。 三、Improve our environment Good environment can make people feel happy. To improve the environment means to qualify our life . What should we do to improve our environment ? We should plant more trees . And we should prevent those factories from pouring waste water into rivers , lakes and fields . Whenever we see litter on the ground , we should pick it up and throw it into a dustbin . Don’t spit in public places . Don’t draw on public walls . It’s our duty to keep our earth clean and tidy .

相关文档
最新文档