初中英语语法--句子类型
初中英语语法五种基本句型
初中英语语法五种基本句型初中英语语法五种基本句型中考对五种基本句型的考查主要集中在以下⼏⽅⾯：1. 掌握五种基本句型的基本⽤法。
2. 掌握五种基本句型在⽤法上的区别。
中考考查这部分内容时的题型和⼤体分值为：单选（1分）写句⼦（1分）写作（1-2分）阅读理解（1-2分）⼀、知识精讲五种基本句型是句⼦最基本的组成部分。
掌握了这五种基本句型，在阅读中当我们遇到较复杂的句⼦时，运⽤这些基本句型，对句⼦的分析就会变得容易多了。
在写作中，⾸先要能运⽤好这些基本句型，才能得到⾼分。
（⼀）五种基本句型的句⼦成分：1. 句⼦成分的定义：构成句⼦的各个部分叫做句⼦成分。
句⼦成分包括主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补⾜语等。
2. 主语（subject）：主语是⼀个句⼦所叙述的主体，⼀般位于句⾸。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表⽰。
【例句】We often speak English in class.我们在课上经常说英语。
Smoking does harm to the health.吸烟对健康有害。
The rich should help the poor.富有的⼈应该帮助贫困的⼈。
3. 谓语（verb）：谓语可⽤来说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词常在句中作谓语，⼀般放在主语之后。
分及物动词和不及物动词两种。
【例句】He practices running every morning.他每天早晨练习跑步。
I have caught a bad cold.我得了重感冒。
We like helping the people in trouble我们喜欢帮助那些处于困境中的⼈。
4. 宾语（object）：宾语在句中表⽰动作的对象或承受者，⼀般位于及物动词或介词后⾯。
【例句】They went to see a film yesterday.他们昨天看了⼀场电影。
初中英语语法之句子种类
初中英语语法之句子种类句子种类句子按说话目的可分为四类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
陈述句考点：陈述句的肯定结构和否认结构。
在肯定结构中，谓语动词不含否认词；否认结构是在系动词、助动词或情态动词后加not, 除了not外，其他否认词,JU no, hardly, never, neither, nor也可以构成否认句。
【考例链接】按要求完成以下各题was playing with my phone when my mother came in.（改为否认句）I with my phone when my mother came in.2. She often reads with her daughter in the evening.（改为否认句）She often with her daughter in the evening.3. Elen has already bought some flowers.（改为否认句）Ellen bought any flowers.疑问句疑问句用来提出问题。
英语中有四种疑问句：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和附加疑问句。
《义务教育英语课程标准》要求同学们掌握前三种。
考点一：一般疑问句。
一般疑问句通常将系动词、助动词或情态动词放到主语前构成。
一般疑问句用Yes或No来回答，其回答常用简略答语。
注意：回答否认式的一般疑问句时，答语中的Yes和N。
的含义与其汉语意思恰好相反，意为“不"和"是的”。
【考例链接】按要求完成以下各题The Browns were watching TV when they got the phone call last night.（改为——般疑问句） the Browns TV when they got the phone call last night?1. Dr Ma laid his papers on the desk for the young doctors to study.（改为一般疑问句）Dr Ma his papers on the desk for the young doctors to study?2. Didn* t he see you just now?（根据句意做出肯定或否认回答）, he. He said hello to me.考点二：特殊疑问句。
初中英语语法句子及句型
初中英语语法句子及句型1.初中英语语法句子及句型1.名词：属于实词。
它表示人、事、物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
它分为专有名词和普通名词。
2.动词：一般用来表示动作或状态的词汇。
在英语中，动词按作用和功能主要分为两大类，一类是谓语动词，另一类是非谓语动词。
3.形容词：主要用来描写或修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征或属性，常用作定语，也可作表语、补语或状语。
4.副词：是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
5.代词：代词，是代替名词或一句话的一种词类。
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
6.数词：是指表示数目多少或顺序多少的词。
英语的数词可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语。
7.冠词：是一种虚词，在句子中一般不重读，本身不能独立使用，只能与名词放在一起(一般用于名词之前)帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。
8.介词：介词表示名词、代词等与句中其它词的关系，在句中不能单独作句子成分。
9.连词：连词是用来连接词与词、词组与词组或句子与句子、表示某种逻辑关系的虚词。
2.初中英语语法句子及句型系动词主要是be. 但还有一些动词在有些时候也可作系动词，有人称之为半系动词。
常见的半系动词有：(1)表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound等;(2)表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand等;(3)表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow等。
系动词不能单独作谓语，要和表语一起作谓语He is a student. (S V P)Your idea sounds great. (S V P)3.初中英语语法句子及句型有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带，show显示。
初中英语语法专题二 五种基本句型
初中英语语法专题二-----简单句的五种基本句型结构本课重点：1.复习掌握动词八种时态用法和动词类型2.英语句子结构框架:简单句，并列句，和复合句3.掌握英语五种基本句型结构4.名言警句✓All rivers run into sea. 海纳百川。
✓All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。
✓All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的不一定都是金子一．复习检测——动词时态1.Mary and Joe go to the Shopping Center ___ . A.once a week B. in a week C. next week D. for a week2.Be quiet! The baby ________ (sleep) in the next room.3.Dick will pass the message on to your sister as soon as he ______ (meet) her in her office tomorrow.4.The bell for the class rang while they ___________ (play) on the playground.5.Lucy said it ___________ (rain) later on.7.The Chinese people ____(work) hard to make their country stronger and more beautiful.8.He'll write to you as soon as he _____ (arrive ) in Hainan.9.The students of Class One ___(have)a meeting from three to five yesterday afternnon.10.The sky is black. It ____ (rain), I'm afraid.11.If it ___(not snow)tomorrow,we'll go skating12.Mr and Mrs Green____(travel)to the south of China next week,aren't they?13.I___(not see)the film with you because I've seen it already.14.He told us that he_____(stay)here till the next week.15.I_____(lose)my pen this morning. I haven't found it yet.16.It's a long time since we ____ (meet) last,isn't it?17.--I know you _______ (choose) a picture book among these. --Yes,Have a look at it, please.18.So far,spaceships without people _______ (reach) the moon and some other partsof the universe.19.My father___home for nearly three weeks. A.has gone away fromB.has leftC.has been away fromD.went away20.Mr and Mrs Green have_____in China for a week. A.been B.got C.arrived D.reached21.--Where's Mary? --Oh,she _____the library.A.has gone to B.went to C.has been to D.had gone to二．英语五种基本句型英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋谓）基本句型二：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）基本句型三：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）基本句型四：Ｓ+Ｖ+IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）基本句型五：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）基本句型一Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋谓）此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
初中英语语法五种基本句型
五种基本句型句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的，依其组合方式可分为五种基本句型，如下表所示：注意句子成分的表示法S：Subject（主语）V：Verb（动词）O：Object（宾语）P：Predicative（表语）OC：ObjectComplement（宾语补足语）五种基本句型见下表：第1种S+V主+谓第2种S+V+O主+谓+宾第3种S+V+P主+谓+表第4种S+V+o(间接宾语)+O(直接宾语)第5种S+V+O+OC主+谓+宾+宾补第1种句型：主语+不及物动词：S+VBirdsfly.鸟飞.-------主语谓语(不及物动词)Herunsinthepark.他在公园里跑 .------------------- 主语谓语地点状语(不及物动词)此句型是主语+不及物动词构成句子的主体部分。
不及物动词，后面当然不能直接带宾语了，要补上相应的介词，但是可以有状语来修饰。
上例中的inthepark，是地点状语。
Classbegins.（begin在句中是不及物动词）开始上课。
比较webeginOurclassateight. 我们八点钟开始上课。
该句属于第2种句型，begin在句中是及物动词，由此可见有些动词既可作及物动词也可以作不及物动词。
第2种句型：主语+及物动词+宾语：S+V+OMyfatherreadthebook.我父亲读过那本书 .(及物动词)注意有些不及物动词后面加上介词就可把它看成一个及物动词，后面就可以加宾语了。
Youmustlistentome. 你必须听我的。
（Listen是不及物动词。
但加上to之后，Listento可以看成一个及物动词）后面直接带宾语的动词是及物动词，名词和名词的相当语等都可充当宾语。
ShelikesEnglish.（名词作宾语）Iknowhimverywell.（代词作宾语）（同第一种句型一样，（如代词、不定式、动名词⋯⋯）本句型可以有状语、定语修饰）Theywanttogo.（不定式作宾语）Hestoppedwriting.（动名词作宾语）第3种句型：主语+系动词+表语：S+V+PHebecameascientist.他成为一个科学家了谓语 (系动词)be动词和become是英语中常见的系动词，后面必须接表语，才能用来说明主语，表示“⋯⋯是⋯⋯”，“⋯⋯变成⋯⋯”等意思。
【初中英语语法总汇】五种基本句型
【初中英语语法总汇】五种基本句型句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的，五种基本句型S. 主语谓语动词V. 表语P. 宾语O. 宾语补足语OC.第1种S+V We work.(不及物)第2种S+V+O He plays(及物) the piano第3种S+V+P WE are(系动词) students第4种S+V+ino(间接宾语) +DO(直接宾语) She gave(及物) me a pen第5种S+V+O+OC He made(及物) the boy laugh 第1种句型：主谓结构1）主语+不及物动词：S+VBirds fly.鸟飞. ----- ---2）主语+不及物动词+状语He runs in the park.Did you sleep well ?She often dreams.You go first and I will follow behind .3）主语+不及物动词（有被动含义）Is the book selling well ?Does this cloth wash well ?Class begins.（begin在句中是不及物动词）we begin Our class at eight. 及物动词只能当不及物动词的有：sleep 睡觉walk 步行swim 游泳happen（take place）发生go去come来work 工作laugh 笑stay呆在arrive 到达第2种句型：主谓宾结构主语+及物动词+宾语：S+V+OMy father read the book.我父亲读过那本书.主语谓语(及物动词) 宾语She likes English.（名词作宾语）I know him very well.（代词作宾语）（同第一种句型一样，本句型可以有状语、定语修饰）They want to go.（不定式作宾语）He forgot which way to go .(不定式做宾语)He stopped writing.（动名词作宾语）Now I will introduce myself . (反身代词做宾语)As he slept ,he dreamed a dream . (同源宾语)I think he is right .(从句做宾语)第3种句型：主语+系动词+表语：S+V+PHe became a scientist.他成为一个科学家了.主语谓语(系动词) 表语be动词和become是英语中常见的系动词，后面必须接表语，才能用来说明主语，表示“……是……”，“……变成……”等意思。
初中英语语法基础知识-----5种基本句型及句子成分名词解析
初中英语语法基础知识-----5种基本句型及句子成分名词解析一、五种简单句基本句型1.“主语+谓语”(即“主谓”句型)这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同，说明“某人或某物如何动作”，或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。
例：They ar r i ved i n H ar bi n yest er day m or ni ng.分析：“t hey”(主语)“ar r i ved”(谓语)。
2.“主语+谓语+宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同，用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”，或者说“某人或某物发出了动作，并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。
例：Ist udy E ngl i sh.分析：“I”(主语)“st udy”(谓语动作)“E ngl i sh”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。
3.“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)这一句型英汉语序结构相同，说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”，或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象，其中一个间接对象为人，另一个为物”。
例：O urt eachert aughtus E ngl i sh.分析：“ourt eacher”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“us”(间接宾语)“E ngl i sh”(直接宾语)。
4.“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾宾补”句型)这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。
例： H e asked hert o go t her e.分析：“he”(主语)“asked”(谓语动作)“her”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“t o go t her e”(补语—补充说明宾语做什么)。
5.“主语+系动词+表语”(即“主系表”句型)这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。
汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。
常用的系动词有be,keep，l i e,r em ai n,st and,becom e,f al l,get,go,gr ow,t ur n,l ook,f eel,seem,sm el l,sound,t ast e,等。
初中英语语法五种基本句型
初中英语语法五种基本句型中考对五种基本句型的考查主要集中在以下几方面：1. 掌握五种基本句型的基本用法。
2. 掌握五种基本句型在用法上的区别。
中考考查这部分内容时的题型和大体分值为：单选（1分）写句子（1分）写作（1-2分）阅读理解（1-2分）一、知识精讲五种基本句型是句子最基本的组成部分。
掌握了这五种基本句型，在阅读中当我们遇到较复杂的句子时，运用这些基本句型，对句子的分析就会变得容易多了。
在写作中，首先要能运用好这些基本句型，才能得到高分。
（一）五种基本句型的句子成分：1. 句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分包括主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语等。
2. 主语（subject）：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
【例句】We often speak English in class.我们在课上经常说英语。
Smoking does harm to the health.吸烟对健康有害。
The rich should help the poor.富有的人应该帮助贫困的人。
3. 谓语（verb）：谓语可用来说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词常在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
分及物动词和不及物动词两种。
【例句】He practices running every morning.他每天早晨练习跑步。
I have caught a bad cold.我得了重感冒。
We like helping the people in trouble我们喜欢帮助那些处于困境中的人。
4. 宾语（object）：宾语在句中表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词或介词后面。
【例句】They went to see a film yesterday.他们昨天看了一场电影。
初中英语语法全解——句子种类
初中英语语法全解——句子种类一、陈述句陈述句用来陈述件事或表达种看法，有肯定形式和否定形式，般用降调来朗读，句末用句号。
①陈述句的肯定形式陈述句的肯定形式主要由主语和谓语两部分构成。
I always exercise.②陈述句的否定形式1.如果句子的谓语含有 be动词(am、is、are、was、were)、助动词( will、shall、would、should、have、has had)或情态动词( can、may、must等) ,其否定形式是在它们之后加not构成。
It isn't raining.Most of the stores do not open until 10 a. m.2.如果句子的谓语是实义动词,其否定形式是由“do/does/ did+not+动词原形”构成。
On my next day off,I don't want to go for a drive.I don't feel like going out today.He doesn't seem to have many friends.重点拓展否定词no、never、hardly、seldom、little、few等也可以构成陈述句的否定形式。
I'll never forget you.3.肯定句变为否定句时应注意的事项(1)含有some .something、somebody的肯定句变为否定句时，应把这些词分别改为any、anything anybody。
He has some knives.→ He doesn't have any knives. = He has no knives.(2)含有always的肯定句变为否定句时，必须把always换成never。
He always comes late.→He never comes late.(3)含有both .all .everything .everyone( everybody )的肯定句变为否定句时，必须把这些词分别改为neither .none .nothing .no one( nobody)。
初中英语语法过关学案-——英语句子的类型专项练习-精选50题
初中英语语法过关学案-——英语句子的类型专项练习-精选50题(总6页)-本页仅作为预览文档封面，使用时请删除本页-初中英语语法过关——英语句子的类型专项练习精选50题（按功能分类：陈述句、祈使句、感叹句、疑问句）典型例句回顾：1）、陈述句（肯定、否定）：He is (isn’t) six years old. / She heard (didn’t hear) of you before.2）、祈使句：Take care,boys. / Don’t talk in class / Let’s go swimming.3）、感叹句：How clever the boy is! / What a beautiful girl she is!4）、疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：Do they like skating? / How old is he?/ Is he six or seven years old? / Mary can swim,can’t she?精选练习训练：陈述句：( )1. Mr. Yang ____________ us English this term. He is a great teacher and we all like him.A. teachesB. isn’t teachC. taughtD. don’t teach( ) 2. He ________ very busy this week, but he ________ free next week.A. will be ; is n’tB. is ; isC. is ; will beD. is n’t ; will be( ) 3. Scott’s dad ________ him a lovely dog on his last birthday, which made him very happy.A. givesB. gaveC. will giveD. didn’t give( )4. It’s hot outside. My parents _________ on a farm. I need to send some water to them.working B. aren’t working C. worked D. are working( ) 5. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. We have to prepare for it today.A. will haveB. won’t beC. is going to beD. isn’t going to be( )6. If you don’t mind, I __________ off the TV set and go to bed now.A. will turnB. doesn’t turnC. won’t turnD. turned( )7.—I've decided to give up my job, Mum.—________ . You'd better think twice.A．Sounds great! B．What a pity!C．I’m sorr y to hear that. D．Are you serious?( )8.— Hey, Tom, watch out! There is a car coming.— Oh, I ' m terribly sorry. ________ it .A. I ' m not noticingB. I wasn ' t noticingC. I didn ' t noticeD. I don ' t notice( ) I arrived at his office, he ________ on the phone. So I waited for a moment outdoor.A. was speakingB. spokeC. wasn’t speakingD. have spoken( ) his neighbor him if he is in trouble one day.A. thinks; won’t helpB. thinks; helpC. doesn’t think; will helpD. doesn’t think; help( ) that his parents will be in support of his plan, he?A. believes; doesB. believes; doesn’tC. doesn’t believe; doesn’tD. doesn’t believe; will( )12.—Our country a lot so far .—Yes . I hope it will be even .A. has changed ; worseB. changed ; goodC. has changed ; betterD. didn’t change ; better( )13.“You should ________ exercise every 's good for your health.” My Dad often says to me.A．takes B．not take C．take D．to take祈使句：( )14.—Let’s go out and enjoy the sunshine.—______. It’s really boring to stay at home.A. Sounds greatB. Not at allC. Forget itD. No way( )15.— I'm s orry, . My alarm clock didn’t go off, I got up late this morning.—________ next time. Come in and take your seat.”A．Don't be late B．Keep running C．No talking D．Hurry up( ) up, everybody! Show me your licence. ________ ask me why. Just follow my order!A．Keep B．Stop C．Not D．Don’t( ) cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.A. NotB. Won'tC. Doesn'tD. Don't( ), ________ kind and helpful to the people around , and you will make more friendsA．Be B．Being C．To be D．Not be( )19. ________ the radio, please. The baby is sleeping now.A. Not turn onB. Don’t turn onC. Not turn downD. Don’t turn down( ) swim in the river alone, Jack. It's too dangerous for you.A．Not B．Don't C．Doesn't D．Not to( )21.—________________.—Sorry, I won't. I'll pick it up.A．Let's pick up the litter on the ground B．Don't make any noise in classC．We should keep the classroom clean D．Don't throw litter on the ground感叹句：( )22. What a friendly person _______! We all like talking with him.A. is itB. is heC. it isD. he is( )23. _______ swimming in this river!A. How great funB. What great funC. How a great funD. What a great fun( )24. _____ heavy rain it was !A. What aB. WhatC. HowD. How a( )25. _______ sad the news is! We must try our best to help them get out of trouble.A. What aB. WhatC. How aD. How( )26. What _______ fine weather we have these days!A. aB. theC. /D. an( )27.—The news reported that the rainstorm was in the area last night.— bad the weather was!A．What a B．How a C．What D．How( )28.—_______the girl in red dress dances! —Yeah, she is really great.A. How goodB. How wellC. What wellD. What good( )29.—________ exciting the movie is!—Sure, I have seen it three times.A．What B．What an C．How D．How an( )30. _______ fools they were! They believed what the man said.A. HowB. How anC. WhatD. What an疑问句：( )31.—Is this your football, Nick?— Yes, .A. this isB. it’sC. here isD. it is( )32.— Does Linda have a baseball— ______. But she has a basketball.A. Yes, she isB. No, she isn"tC. Yes, she doesD. No, she doesn"t( )33.— Do they like swimming with you— Yes, ______.do they are they( ) 34、—______ you ___ your homework yet—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .A. Did ; do ; finishedB. Have ; done ; finishedC. Have ; done ; have finishedD. will ; do ; finish( )35.—________________—Yes, it is. I looked for it for quite a while just now.A．Is this your dictionary B．Do you have a schoolbagC．Where is my tape player D．How do you like the model plane ( )36.—________ will you ask for help when you get into trouble?—My parents, I think.A．Who B．What C．Where D．Whom( )37. — ________ did you come so late to your office this morning?— Oh, I felt so sick that I couldn't get up on time.A．How B．Which C．Why D．What( )38.—________ have you lived in the city—For 2 years.A．How long B．How soon C．How often D．How far( ) you know ________ is the population of ChinaA．what B．how much C．how many people D．how( ) does it take you to go to school by busA．How much time B．How far C．How often D．What time ( )41.—________ do you go to KFC for fast food?—Twice a week.A．How long B．How soon C．How often D．How many times( )42.—Mum, ________ will the breakfast be ready?—Just wait ten more minutes.A．How much B．How long C．How soon D．what time( ).43.—________ money do you usually spend on food every month—Five hundred yuan, more or about youA．How often B．How long C．How many D．How much( )44.— Do you know ________ Jackson Yee is?— He is a singer. He is one member of the popular boy band TFboys.A．which B．when C．what D．how( )45.—Is this your book or Lucy’s book?—Oh, ________. I borrowed it from her yesterday.A．Yes, it is B．No, it isn't C．It’s Lucy’s D．I don’t know( )46.—I heard that you went to New York last week. How’s the weatherWas it sunny or rainy there?—________. Pretty sad, we couldn’t go out.A．It was rainy B．It is sunny C．No, it isn't D．I am afraid not ( )47.—Would you like to have a cup of tea or some orange juice— . I have drunk a lot of water just now.A．Yes, I’d love to B．No, thanks C．I don’t like them D．Either is OK.( ) don't think the newly directed film by Zhou xingchi is as interesting as people say, ________A．does he B．doesn’t he C．is it D．isn't it( )49. Please, help m e carry this box! It’s too heavy for me , ________A. will IB. will youC. shall ID. shall we( )50.—Don't stay up late playing computer games next time, ________— I won't, Dad.A．are you B．will you C．do you D．did you【参考答案】1—5 ACBDC 6—10 ADCAC 11—15 BCCAA 16—20 DDABB21—25 DDBBD 26—30 CDBCC 31—35 DDABA 36—40 ACAAA41—45 CCDCC 46—50 ABCBB。
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10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况 而定。 He must be a doctor, isn’t he? You must have studied English for three years, haven’t you? / didn’t you? He must have finished it yesterday, didn’t he? 11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。 What colours , aren’t they? What a smell, isn’t it?
3)否定转移 I don’t think it will be very cold today. (believe, expect, suppose ,imagine)
疑问句
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句 选择疑问句
反意疑问句
一般疑问句主要由be动词、情态动词或助动词来开头。
在一般疑问句的句尾朗读时用升调(↗)。一般只用yes或 no的形式来回答。 She is a teacher. Is she a teacher? Yes, she is./No, she isn’t.
c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应 构成反意疑问句。 I don’t think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, can’t she? 15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they， 有时也用单数he。
2．第一、三人称祈使句是以第一人称和第三人称代词或者 名词等作为祈使的对象，这类祈使句通常以let为引导词表 建议。 Let’s go! Let us go home! Let him be here by 10 o’clock．
二、祈使句的强调形式及否定形式 祈使句的强调形式是在整个结构之前加do Do be careful!
7)陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn’t you? You’d better read it by yourself, hadn’t you? 8)陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldn’t +主语。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn’t he? 9)陈述部分有You’d like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn’t +主语。 You’d like to go with me, wouldn’t you?
I do my homework at home. Do you do your homework at home?
Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
特殊疑问句 由特殊疑问词+一般疑问句构成，必须用
一个完整的陈述句来回答。特殊疑问词what, who, whose, which, when, where, why, how, how many, how much, how old, what time, what class,等
Everyone knows the answer, don’t they?
(doesn’t he?)
Байду номын сангаас
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?) 16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。 We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare he? 当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
There will not be any trouble, will there? 19)否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn’t it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
祈使句 祈使句表请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。祈使句分为 第二人称祈使句及第—、三人称祈使句两大类。
She doesn’t dare to go home alone, does she?
17)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。
Don’t do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / won’t you ? Let’s 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?
How shall we go there? By bus or by train?
反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。
其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问， 起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。翻 译为“是吗” 基本结构： 陈述句＋逗号＋简短的一般疑问句。 ①前肯后否式。 You are all students, aren’t you﹖ ②前否后肯式。 He doesn’t speak English, does he﹖
Do Stop talking!
Do give my regards to your parents! 祈使句的否定形式是在整个结构之前加don’t或never。 Don’t you be nervous!
以let为引导词的祈使句的否定形式通常是在Let’s或Let us ／me后加not。 Let’s not waste our time arguing about it! Let’s not say anything about it!
感叹句
感叹句表示说话人的喜悦、气愤、惊讶等强烈的情绪。 一、由what引导，常有以下三类： 1.What ＋a/an＋（形容词）＋单数可数名词＋(主语＋谓语) What a fine day (it is today)！ 2.What＋（形容词）＋复数可数名词＋(主语＋谓语) What good students (they are)！
Let’s go and listen to the music, shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you? Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
18)陈述部分是there be结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语 代词。 There is something wrong with your watch, isn’t there?
1)What class are you in? I am in Class Four, Grade One.
2）Where are you from? I am from China.
选择疑问句
(1)以一般疑问句为基础 Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman? Shall I help you or can you manage? (2)以特殊疑问句为基础 Which do you prefer, red wine or white?
英语句子种类与类型 使用目的
陈述句
疑问句 祈使句 感叹句
陈述句
说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否定
式，语序是主语在前，谓语在后。
She arrived early.
注：1）半否定句 I hardly know anything about it. 2）部分否定句与全否定句 I don’t like both the films. I like neither Cathy nor Mary.
Mary clean the windows，and you boys wash the floor! Come in，everybody! 有时将主语表示出来是为了加强语气或表示“不高兴”、 “厌烦”、“鄙视”等情绪。 Don’t you be late again! You get out of here! Mind your own business，you!
1．第二人称祈使句通常用来向听话者发出命令，提出要 求或建议。这种祈使句的主语you通常不表示出来，而是 以动词原形开头。 Stand up! Don’t worry about! 但如果说话时有多人在场，就得把主语表示出来，或加呼 语，以便指明是向谁提出请求或发出命令。 Parents with children go the front!
1)陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren’t I. I am as tall as your sister，aren’t I? 2)陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。 I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3)陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定 含义。 The Swede made no answer, did he / she? Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而 定。 Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn’t he? b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语 根据主句的谓语而定： He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn’t he?