《英语词汇学》知识点归纳

《英语词汇学》知识点归纳

English Lexicology(英语词汇学) Lexicology（词汇学）: is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and meanings of words.

The Nature and Scope of English lexicology：

English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the morphological structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantic structures, relations, historical development, formation and usages.

The subjects that English Lexicology correlated with and extent to：

English Lexicology is correlated with such linguistic disciplines as morphology(形态学), semantics(语义学), etymology(词源学),stylistics（文体论）and lexicography(词典学)

The reason for a student to study English lexicology：

According to the textbook, English Lexicology will definitely be beneficial for students of English.

A good knowledge of morphological structures of English words and rules of word-formation will help learners develop their personal vocabulary and consciously increase their word power. The information of the historical development and the principles of classification will give them a deeper understanding of word-meaning and enable them to organize, classify and store words more effectively. The understanding and their sense relations will gradually raise their awareness of meaning and usage, and enable them use

words more accurately and appropriately.

A working knowledge of dictionaries will improve their skills of using reference books and raise their problem-solving ability and efficiency of individual study.

Chapter 1--Basic concepts of words and vocabulary

Word（词的定义）: A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function. (1)a minimal free form of a language (2)a sound unity (3)a unit of meaning (4)a form that can function alone in a sentence

Sound and meaning（声音与意义）: almost arbitrary, “no logical relationship between the sound which stands for a thing or an idea and the actual thing and idea itself”

Sound and form（读音和形式）:不统一的四个原因（1）the English alphabet was

adopted from the Romans,which

does not have a separate letter to

represent each other （2）the

pronunciation has changed more

rapidly than spelling over the years

（3）some of the difference were

creates by the early scribes（4）the

borrowings is an important channel

of enriching the English vocabulary

Vocabulary（词汇）: all the words in a language make up its vocabulary

Classification of English Words：

By use frequency:basic word

stock&nonbasic vocabulary

By notion:content words&functional words

By origin:native words&borrowed words