写作 1
高考英语写作writing(一)谋篇布局
1. 展览时间和地点； 2. 展览内容。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以 使行文连贯。
them how to cut the paper into many designs When Tomorrow morning at 9 o’clock At the City Where
Gallery not far from our school
Why usually
How Let’s meet at the school gate and
walk there
Paper cutting is an expressive folk art which is used for decoration during ceremonies or festivals, adding the happy atmosphere. It is also a valuable asset in China’s history and culture
A
B
Items 评价项目 Tense T Person P
Str S
Beginning
Who
uct ure B o d y
Assessment评价(满分10分) Standard Scores Scores 标准分值 得分 1 Use the right tense 时态正确 1 Use person properly人称正确 1 The opening part tells main purpose of the letter开头部分 点明写作目的 Know people and their relationship清楚地知道人物之间 的关系 State the event clearly 准确描述主要事件 Give a specific time 给出确切的时间 1
100个人物事件写作素材(一)
100个人物事件写作素材（一）1、湖南长沙县的张晓勇年考上清华大学，1996年毕业后被知名外企录用，2001年，“为了照顾年迈的父母”，他又辞去外企管理工作，回到长沙一家物业公司做保安内勤。
“保安哥”不高高在上，放下身段尽显亲情的举动值得我们学习。
21世纪的今天，随着社会发展，空巢老人越来越多，更多年迈的父母需要子女的关怀，常回家看看成为很多父母的期盼，父母不是需要物质的满足，更多需要一种精神食粮。
从这个层面来说，“保安哥”为了照顾父母，选择亲情放弃前程的情怀让我们为之感动。
（亲情、孝心）2、“沈阳大爷“王福顺在人行道上被一名骑电动车的男子撞倒后。
男子停车询问大爷是否需要就医，大爷对撞人者说：“孩子，我没事，我有医保，你赶紧上班去吧。
”事后媒体采访才发现他是一名保安，月薪只有1750元，根本没有医保，他这样说只是为了给撞人的小伙子解围。
这位宽容的大爷被无数网友成为“中国好大爷”。
一句短短的话语，为别人驱走了黑暗，带来融融的暖意。
（宽容美德）3、那一年，郑州菜农韩红刚看着卖不出去的萝卜，做出了一个决定:与其让萝卜烂在地里，不如免费让市民免费拨萝卜。
于是市民像蝗虫一般涌来，把韩红刚种的六十多万斤萝卜哄抢一空，还把他套种的红薯也偷去了三四万斤。
不过，在巨大的损失面前，韩红刚没有埋怨，他在朋友的帮助下开了微博。
微博里，他甚至希望那些没有抢到萝卜的市民能够原谅他。
他真情的付出得到了回报——在热心市民和媒体的帮助下，郑州市民为韩红刚摆起了红薯摊。
结果，红薯热卖。
（国民素质、以怨报德、付出回报）4、近日，一车主违停，前挡风玻璃上留下一张“小孩急看病”的纸条，交警巡查发现后，开了一张警告单，并留言回复“人来后速将车移走”。
这位交警采取了人性化的执法手段，这让我们看到的是执法的人性化，感受到的是不再教条执法的温暖。
（人性化执法）5、近日，湖南的博士后向忠诚放弃高薪职位，转而卖起了包子。
过了而立之年选择重新创业，这位博士后看中的是什么呢？中华饮食文化源远流长，曾滋养了多少代人的成长。
写作教程(一)unit-1标准答案
写作教程(一)unit-1标准答案Unit 1PART Ⅱ FOCUSDenotation and ConnotationSuggested answer to the questionIf it is your teacher, most probably you will choose b, as the word portly has an implication of a more or less dignified and imposing appearance (e.g. an elderly gentleman, large and portly). However, if it is a doorkeeper, an amiable middle-aged woman, you may choose the word plump as it implies a pleasing fullness of figure (e.g. the plump goddesses of Renaissance paintings). From this exercise we can conclude that words that share the same denotative meanings can be diverse in their connotative meanings.Reference for the Classroom Activities1.father: the male parent. It connotes support and sternness; it also connotesprotection but in a serious fashion.wildflower: uncultivated plant; it connotes vitality and pleasantness.2.Word Denotation Connotation Sentencegold a precious yellow metal wealth, value,preciousness, etcSilence is gold.moon the natural body that moves around the earthonce every 28 days tranquility, purity,something out ofreach, etc.There’s no pointhoping for peace inthe country. It’s likeasking for the moon.ice water frozen so that it has become solid coldness,indifference, cruelty,death, etc.The ice in his voicewas only to hide thepain.blood red liquid flowing through the bodies ofhumans and animals family background,descent, race,temperament, etc.Blood is thicker thanwater.bravery, spirit, and toughness.b. Anyway, she has the characteristics of a woman, such as frailty anddelicacy.AttitudeReference for the Classroom Activities1.Favorable Neutral Unfavorableunique, quaint strange bizarre, abnormal resolute, steadfast stubborn, dogged pigheadedcompliment (v.) praise, commend, flatter lick one’s bootssenior citizen old person fossilbachelor girl single woman spinsterCollocationSuggested answers to the exercisea.do somebody a favorb.do somebody goodc.make a gestured.do evile.do harmf.make an effortReference for the Classroom Activities1.1) D 2) D 3) A 4) B 5) C 6) C 7) BFalse FriendsSuggested answers to the questionThe misunderstanding occurs due to the use of homonyms or false friends—flour or flower, ground (as the past participle of the verb grind) and ground (meaning the solid surface of the earth). In this excerpt, the use of false friends adds a humorous effect to the text.Reference for the Classroom Activities1.The false friends are lie meaning to keep one’s body in a flat position, andlie meaning to say something dishonest.2. a. Your fever rose yesterday.b. That racket is bad enough to make Aunt Ella’s eyebrows raised.c. Jack has been lying around all day.d. The soldiers laid aside their weapons.e. A heavy fog lay over the land.f. White stationery is always appropriate.g. Is that table stationary, or can it be moved to another corner of theroom?h. It is easier to talk about a principle than to live by it.i. Our principal played on the faculty football team against the schoolall-stars.3. Some other false friends:fair vs. fareIt’s not fair to put all the blame on him.Bus fares are going up again.passed vs. pastI passed the landlady on the stairs this morning.Several boys went past us on mountain bikes.intense vs. intensiveShe suddenly felt an intense pain in her stomach.He took an intensive course on English.farther vs. furtherThe fog’s so thick; I can’t see farther than about five meters.Every day she thinks further and further into depression.PART III GARMMARSubject-Verb AgreementWhen the subject is compoundReference for the Classroom ActivitiesSummary1. A compound subject with and takes a plural verb in most cases, but when itexpresses a singular meaning or when each of the singular subjects is considered individually, it takes a singular verb.2.After a compound subject with or, nor, either…or, neither…nor, not…but, theverb agrees in number and person with the nearer part of the subject.3.Intervening phrases or clauses not introduced by coordinating conjunctionsdo not affect the number of a verb. Such phrases are normally introduced by prepositions or prepositions or prepositional phrases such as as well as, asmuch as, rather than, along with, in addition to, together with, with, plus, and including.Reference for the Classroom ActivitiesSummary1.Nominal phrases of time, money, weight and measurement normally take asingular verb.2.Some words or phrases, such as all, most, half, the last, the rest, take asingular or plural verb, depending on the meaning of the noun or pronoun that follows.3.Phrases like l ots of, heaps of, loads of take singular or plural verbs dependingon the form of the nouns that follow.4.In sentences with more than one or many a modifying the subject noun, theverb should take a singular form though it is plural in meaning.Reference for the Classroom Activitiesa.He was one of the candidates who were able to carry out their campaignpledges.He was the only one of the candidates who was able to carry out his campaign pledges.b.What he wants is just a little love from his foster parents.What one thinks and says are not always the same.c.There is a cherry tree and several orchid flowers in the garden.There are hundreds of applicants on the waiting list for the job.Summary1.After a relative pronoun (who, which, that), the verb has the same person andnumber as the antecedent. (In the second sentence in Pair a, the antecedent is the only one, not the candidates.)2.After a what-clause, the verb is usually singular. But if the what-clause is in acompound structure plural in meaning, the verb is in plural form.3.In the there-be structure, the verb is singular or plural depending on thenumber of the subject. The singular there is may be used to introduce a compound subject when the first noun or nominal phrase is singular. Reference for the Classroom Activitiesa.Nobody in town admits seeing him.b.Does anyone want to go with me?c.Are any of you going to the exhibition?d.None works/work so hard as he does.e.Books are her chief source of enjoyment.f.The one thing you must be ready for is their attempts to break up themeeting.g.The jury is finally complete.h.The jury were divided in their opinions.i.New York Times is his bible.j.Semantics is the study of meanings.Summary1.Indefinite pronouns such as anybody, anyone, each, everybody, nobody, no one,and somebody generally require a singular verb.2.The pronouns any and none take either singular or plural verbs.3.The complement of the verb be does not affect its number.4. A collective noun takes a singular verb when the class it names is thought ofas a unit, but a plural verb when the members of the class are thought of as individuals.5.Titles of books, magazines, movies, newspapers, plays, and the like take asingular verb.6.Certain nouns which are plural in form but singular in meaning generallytake a singular verb. Some of these are physics, mechanics, news statistics, and whereabouts.Notes (I)Sample 1Suggested answers to the questions1.Notes are the simplest and shortest form of written communication and theyare quick, easy and convenient.2. A note has three essential components:--the addressee—the person(s) to whom the note is written;--the message;--the sender.3. Notes are characterized by their brevity, informality in style, and dedication toa single topic.Sample 2Suggested answers to the questions1.The date is put at the upper right-hand corner. Besides the date or weekday,you may, at times, need to state the hour or even the minute.2.You can add the word Dear before the addressee’s name and acomplimentary close.3. A complimentary close is put before your signature as the sample show. PART V FOLLOW-UP EXERCISESa. The little boy was chicken-hearted.b. The statesman is a respectable figure in the political arena.c. We sat down by the oak tree, enjoying the breeze coming from the lake.d. We need to drink the milk before it sours.e. The child had difficulty finding his way to school.f. The young woman received a lot of flowers and gifts.g. My father drew back the curtain a little lest I see him.h. Our university can accommodate 4000 students.i. Social customs vary greatly from country to country.2. The writer’s attitude changes from negative to positive in each pair of sentences.3. (1) experienced (2) elapsed (3) attempting (4) with(5) take up (6) made (7) endeavor (8) true4. a. The state attorney said that the man would be prosecuted.b. We suppose that a referee should be disinterested but not uninterested.c. Tony can hit a ball farther than I can.d. We must pursue this matter further.e. The principles behind our constitution are a principal reason for its astounding success.f. All the band instruments except the tuba will be carried to the auditoriumfor the music contest.g. The federal government comprises the legislative, judicial, and executive branches.h. The whole region was struck by an economic disaster.i. (correct)j. He was awaked to the risk.5. My sister Lulu accepted a scholarship to study in the UK. She had done very well in school and the principal thought that living with a British family would teach her a lot. Mother said she would let her go if she bought a box of stationery and promised to write home every week. She said that she would live up to her promise and she always does pretty well in living up to her principles. Soon after she arrived in the UK., she adapted to her new environment. Her new life did not affect her a great deal. She knew that as a student she had to be economical and she was not self-conscious of her poor clothing and strange accent. These were the things she was uninterested in; what fascinated her instead was the cultural differences between the two countries. She found people there liked to pay compliments and were more credulous to what she said. Of course, she never lied to them about her motherland. Though she experienced cultural shocks continually, she developed a fair attitude towards the other culture. In the proceeding years, she settled down in the UK. and became a person with an alternative cultural identity.6. a. Sixty hours is the amount of work time I contracted for.b. The jury is expected to reach its decision very quickly.c. Each of the candidates for the position has exceptionally high qualifications.d. Every boy and girl in the sixth grade was/is eager to win the contest.e. Corn bread and milk is a popular breakfast in the rural South.f. The instructor as well as the students was at fault.g. He is one of the students who plan to attend the speech contest.h. The jury are to be isolated in individual hotel rooms each night during the trial.i. Sam sprawled in the chair and knocked over one of the lamps which were on display.j. The symptoms of mercury poisoning vary with each individual case.k. He believes that athletics improves school morale.l. Up goes the starter’s gun, and each of the runners becomes tense.m. Either The Times or The Tribune is a reliable source of news.n. The first thing that catches your eye is the headlines.o. She is one of the women who have made this country what it is.。
1_高中写作之建议信
sincerely hope that my suggestions could benefit you I would appreciate it if you could take my suggestion
I am writing in reply to your last letter on how to speak English fluently and accurately.
4.我的建议如下
My advice is as follows. The following is my advice.
常用语块
1. 给某人提建议 2. 如下
_g__iv_e__s_b_._s_o_m__e__a_d_v_i_c_e__(o__n) __a_s__f_o_llows
3. 做某事有困难 __h__a_v_e__d_i_ff_i_c_u_l_ty__/t_r_o_u_b__le__i_n doing sth.
First of all, what you should do is to ____(建议1),which will help you ______(原因1). Then, you are expected to _____（建议2）because ______(原因2). What’s more, it is also a good idea for you to(建议3 )______ to ______(原因
1.制定复习计划，树立信心 2.坚持锻炼身体。 3.保持良好睡眠 注意： 词数100词左右
雅思写作第一部分满分攻略
雅思写作第一部分满分攻略雅思写作第一部分满分攻略TASK 1写作三大步骤(1)审题:找出主要信息点，具体为两个任务:A: 辨别所要写图表的类型，是线状(line )，柱状(bar )，还是饼状(pie)等B: 找图表的主要内容，是人口变化，交通工具，受教育水平，或者是一项工艺的制作流程。
(2)构思:审题是对文章主要内容的一个大概认识，而构思就是对自己认识的进一步深化。
构思的主要任务为:分析图表的主要特征，弄清写作重点并选用适当的分析方法。
图表的主要特征是指其所描述现象或者问题的规律，并找出描述重点，不是图表上所出现的所有信息都要写出来，之后就是分析方法的选择，主要的分析方法有:数据分类，数据比较，平铺直叙法等，具体选哪种，需要根据图表的内容来确定。
(3)写作:写作是对前两个步骤的确认。
考生把自己的想法准确而详细的落实下来。
一般来说，这个部分的写作可以采用三或四段式:1)引言段(用简短的语言来描述图表的主要内容)。
一把来说,写作命题会给出的主要信息，如，The line chart below shows thegrowth of households with personal computers in the U.S.通过这句话，我们可以了解图表的主要信息，“美国每个家庭所拥有计算机量的增长变化。
”在这种情况下，考生可以重现组织一下这个具体，在中间加入一些具体的数字和变化年限等，使得阅卷老师一下就明白图表的主要内容。
引言段通用句式如下:This is a table / chart / (line线状 bar柱状pie饼状)graph whichdemonstrate / illustrate / reveal /depict/privide informationabout.............2)图表具体信息描述段:这个段落主要描写体现图表主要特征或总体变化规律的数据或信息，并用恰当的连接词语，如，on contrast , on theotherhand, however, like wise 等，把文章内容紧密的衔接起来。
实用写作第一章
一、实用写作的概念写作是对文字、文章撰写活动的统称。
按照社会功能将写作划分为两大类型：一类是供欣赏、阅读的文艺性文体的写作；一类是解决生活、工作、学习中实际问题的实用性文体的写作。
实用文是行为主体在社会生活中，为处理事务和交际需要而形成并使用的具有惯用格式的普遍通行的实用性文体。
（一种工具）实用写作（文体）=应用文体+新闻文体+理论文体什么是应用文？所谓应用文，也称文书，它是组织、家庭和个人在日常工作、生产、学习和生活中，为办理公私事务而形成并使用的、具有直接实用价值和一定惯用文章体式的文字材料（或叫文字信息载体）。
从这个概念中可以了解应用文的涵义：一是制发应用文的主体，包括党政机关、社会团体、企事业单位，及家庭和私人；二是使用应用文的环境，包括日常工作、生产、学习和生活环境；三是形成、使用应用文的范围，办理公务和私事时均可使用；四是应用文的本质属性：直接的实用价值（能解决实际问题）；五是应用文的外观形态：一定惯用文章体式（约定俗成的格式，固定的表达方式，规定的不同文种）。
二、实用文的作用（一）明法传令作用在公务文书中，有相当一部分是用于公布法律和行政法规的。
公文“是依法行政和进行公务活动的重要工具”。
在现实生活中，实用文在加强社会主义法制、维护社会秩序上发挥着法规准绳作用。
（二）领导指导作用党政机关、企事业单位、群众团体，都在特定的范围内担负着组织、指挥、管理的职责，而实施这些职责的基本工具，就是公文。
在党政公文中，命令、决定、决议、批复等文种，就属于指挥、管理性的下行公文。
（三）联系沟通作用公务文书、事务文书等实用文，是各种政务、业务信息的主要载体。
实用写作的联系和沟通作用，使得全社会这个网络系统成为协调运转的有机整体。
（四）宣传教育作用实用文无论是对上还是对下，从广义上讲，都是在做宣传，它可以促进领导下决心、及时决断，动员群众正确执行政策、决定。
（五）凭证依据作用实用文的凭证依据作用，在不同文种中都有不同程度的表现。
写作教程1 Unit 2
Formal fracture lucid terminate corpulent facilitate verify concur
General break clear end fat make easy prove agree
Suppose you are making an entry in your diary about a meeting held last Friday. Which of the following two sentences would you write?
The meeting adjourned at 5 p.m. without any consensus being reached.
A common belief among students is that formality is a virtue. A passage filed with multi-sylable words is often admired with jealousy, while one written in general words is rejected as plain and simplistic. The truth is, as George Orwell , a famous British essayist, once said,“The great enemy of clear language is insincerity,”which refers to a pretentious and bloated way of writing. Therefore, the best policy is to use general words in most cases and formal words in specific, formal contexts .
英语写作 unit 1 paragraph
Transitional signals
To link ideas together
Second, next, ird, besides, finally, moreover, furthermore, in addition, and
To indicate time
To give examples To show similarity
Outline of Paragraph B
Topic sentence(1s t sentence) Approach two(3rdsent ence) Example one(4th sentence) Approach one(2nd sentence)
Example two(5th sentence)
Content: A group of sentences that support and develop a single idea; in other words, a paragraph expands upon a core idea stated in its topic sentence.
Definition of Paragraph
• From two perspectives:
Form: Smaller unit of a longer piece of writing; a group of sentences separated by a space from the following and the preceding groups;
Organizational Structure of a Paragraph
• Summary:
• The position of a topic sentence may vary according to the organizational structure used.
写作作业1
Drills in English Writing (1st)I. Read the following sentences and decide which type of sentence each of the following belongs to.1. It is a pleasure to read good hooks.The simple sentence2. She missed the step and sprained her ankle.The simple sentence3. Badly frightened by the explosion, the boy rushed out of the laboratory.The simple sentence4. The Whites must have gone away for the summer holidays, for we have not seenthem for two or three weeks.The compound sentence5. There were the translators in their booths, and the girl secretaries at the doors,and the reporters grumbling and scribbling in their seats.The compound sentence6. Our friends, who had started before us, promised that they would meet us, butwhen we arrived at the bus stop, they were nowhere to be seen.The compound-complex sentence7. The new thing that happened to me in the town was that I was thrown intoexperiences that finally seemed to cut my ties to the walled-world of my childhood.The complex sentence8. In the speeches of politicians towards the close of 1919 and the spring of 1920,there was manifest an increasing recognition of the fact that what is called the capitalist system ― the private ownership system that is, in which private profit is the working incentive ― was on trial.The compound-complex sentence9. It cannot be done by the Government; it cannot be done by Parliament.The compound sentence10. There are still two widely different methods of getting what you want.The periodic sentenceII. Read the following, point out the mistakes and make necessary corrections. 1. Our host entertained us with many interesting stories of adventure, he had been amember of an exploration team working in the Arctic.Our host entertained us with many interesting stories of adventure, who had been a member of an exploration team working in the Arctic.2. When I woke up I saw him asleep in bed, I had not heard him when he came back.Because I had been sleeping soundly.When I woke up I saw him asleep in bed, I did not hear him when he came back. Because I had been sleeping soundly.3. Liu always did his work a little better than his fellow workers, that was why hegot higher pay than others.Liu always did his work a little better than his fellow workers, which waswhy he got higher pay than others.4. No student could answer that question, even Xiao Y ao, who was usually quick inanswering questions, was silent.No student could answer that question,even Xiao Y ao who was usually quick in answering questions was silent.5. Lin looks like Li, however, they are not related.Lin looks like Li, but they are not related.6. The old man hunched forward. His head tilted at an angle. His eyes half closed,looking very sleepy.The old man hunched forward. His head tilted at an angle. His eyes half closed, looks very sleepy.7. The work was well planned, everybody worked with great enthusiasm, thus, theyover fulfilled their quota.The work was well planned, everybody worked with great enthusiasm, so they over fulfilled their quota.8. Mark Twain, a well-known American writer, whose experience as a pilot on asteamboat was no doubt an important factor that helped him to become a famous writer.Mark Twain is a well-known American writer, whose experience as a pilot on a steamboat was no doubt an important factor that helped him to become a famous writer.III. Rewrite the following by putting the short sentences into compound or complex sentences, or sentences with participial, prepositional, or other phrases.1. Xu comes from a working-class family. He enrolled in college last fall.Xu who comes from a working-class family enrolled in college last fall.2. The dean issued a bulletin. It said the library would remain open on weekends.The dean issued a bulletinwhich said the library would remain open on weekends.3. Last night was a windy night. The thunder roared. The wind blew a gale. Therain fell in torrents.Last night was a windy night, the thunder roaring, the wind blowing a gale.the rain falling in torrents.4. There are icicles on the trees. The temperature must have fallen considerablyduring the night.The temperature must have fallen considerably during the night for there are icicles on the trees.5. He returned to his hometown. He had been away for twelve years. He lookedin vain for the familiar landmarks.After he had been away for twelve years, he returned to his hometown, looking in vain for the familiar landmarks.6. We have made some progress. We still have a long way to go.Although we have made some progress, we still have a long way to go.7. The sky was cloudless. The sun was shining brightly.The sky was cloudless and the sun was shining brightly.8. There were over two hundred passengers on board the plane. About one third ofthem were foreigners.There were over two hundred passengers on board the plane, about one third of whom were foreigners.9. The girl began to learn to play the piano when she was a child. Her mother wasa famous pianist.The girl whose mother was a famous pianist began to learn to play the piano when she was a child.10. Napoleon was born in 1769. At that time Corsica had just been acquired byFrance.Napoleon was born in 1769 when Corsica had just been acquired by France.11. She appeared on the stage. A stormy applause broke forth.When she appeared on the stage, a stormy applause broke forth.12. The gypsies are really a nomadic people from India. They migrated into Europe.Once they were thought to be Egyptians.The gypsies once who were thought to be Egyptians are really a nomadic people from India. They migrated into Europe. .13. The new workers are young and inexperienced. They are eager to learn from theveteran workers.The new workers are young and inexperienced so they are eager to learn from the veteran workers.14. It was a poor quarter. There were a lot of small huts. They had mud walls andstraw roofs. They dotted a hillside.It was a poor quarter. There were a lot of small huts which had mud walls and straw roofs, dotting a hillside.15. He heard that his father was ill. He was anxious to go home to see him. He went tothe station early in the morning to buy a ticket.He heard that his father was ill. He was anxious to go home to see him so he went to the station early in the morning to buy a ticket.IV. Underline the topic sentence in each of the following paragraphs.The forest is a sanitary agent. It is constantly eliminating impurities from the earth and the air. Trees check, sweep, and filter from the air quantities of filthy, germ-laden dust. Their leaves absorb poisonous gases from the air. Roots assist in drainage, and absorb impurities from the soil. Roots give off acids, and these acids, together with the acids released by the fallen, decaying leaves, have a sterilizing effect upon the soil. Trees help to keep the earth sweet and clean, and water which comes from a forested watershed is likely to be pure. Many unsanitary areas have been redeemed and rendered healthy by tree planting.She was an old woman and lived on a farm near the town in which I lived. All country and small-town people have seen such old women, but no one knows much about them. Such an old woman comes into town driving an old worn-out horse or she comes afoot carrying a basket. She may own a few hens and have eggs to sell. She brings them in a basket and takes them to a grocer. There she trades them in.She gets some salt pork and some beans. Then she gets a pound or two of sugar and some flour. Afterwards she goes to the butcher' s and asks for some dog-meat. She never visits with any one, and as soon as she gets what she wants she starts for home.The need for humane studies, both in themselves and for scientists and professional men, is greater than it ever was. In international affairs and in a world where we have already reached the point where we can annihilate ourselves, the problem that we face will certainly not be solved by better and better weapons in the hands of opposing armed nations. They will be solved by a better understanding of men, by a public educated and enlightened enough to support that diplomacy. Until that solution appears, our governments must continue to arm and to develop weapons against the idiotic possibility of war, but our only hope of a long-term peace comes not from better weapons, but from humane agreement between men and nations.VI. Supply a topic sentence for each of the following paragraphs:There are two methods to get what you want.------------------------------------------------.One is to make yourself so useful that others are glad to pay you, or give you what you want, in return for your service or your product; the other is to make yourself so dangerous that others will be afraid to refuse what you demand. The one appeals to good will; the other to fear. The one is constructive; the other is destructive. The one is the method of civilized mend; the other is the method of savages.A cat is different from a dog----------------------------------. A dog will follow his master anywhere, but a cat keeps to the house it is used to: and even when the house changes hands, the cat will remain there, so long as it is kindly treated by the new owners. A cat does not seem to be capable of the personal devotion often shown by a dog. It thinks most of its own comfort, and its love is only cupboard love.Everyone must be careful when driving cars------------------------------------------. Only last year I witnessed what might have been a fatal accident on the Beijing-Chengde Road. I was motoring up from Beijing; and as I neared Chengde, I came upon the wreckage of two cars on the road. The smash had been caused by a car coming down, which swept round a sharp corner at eighty kilometers an hour and crashed into a car coming up. Happily no one was killed; but several were badly injured, and the two cars were wrecked. To drive at such a speed down a twisting mountain road is simply courting disaster.Different colour has different meaning-----------------.Red, for example, is the color of fire, heat, blood and life. People say red is an exciting and active color. They associate red with a strong feeling like anger. Red is also used for signs of danger, such as stop signs and fire engines. Orange is the bright, warm color of leaves in autumn. People say orange is a lively color. They associate orange with happiness. Y ellow is the color of sunlight. People say it is a cheerful color. They associate yellow, too, with happiness. Green is the cool color of grass in spring.People say it is a refreshing color.。
写作教程第一册1~3单元答案
写作教程第一册部分答案(Units1~3)Unit 1Part IV Writing Notes (1)Suggested answers to the questions1.Notes are the simplest and shortest form of written communicationand they are quick, easy and convenient.2.A note has three essential components:①the addressee--the person(s)to whom the note is written; ②the message; ③the sender3.Notes are characterized by their brevity, informality in style, anddedication to a single topic.Part V Follow-up Exercises1.1)mouse-hearted→chicken-heart 2)politician→statesman 3)wind→breeze 4)utilize→drink 5)ascertaining→finding 6)was bombarded with→received a lot of 7）opened→drew back 8）contain→accommodate 9）habits→customs3.1) experienced 2)elapsed 3)attempting 4)with 5)take up 6)made 7)endeavor 8)true4. 1) The state attorney said that the man would be prosecuted.2) We suppose that a referee should be disinterested but not uninterested.3) Tony can hit a ball farther than I can.4) We must pursue this matter further.5) The principles behind our constitution are a principal reason for its astounding success.6) All the band instruments except the tuba will be carried to the auditorium for the music contest.7) The federal government comprises the legislative, judicial, and executive branches.8) The whole region was struck by an economic disaster.9) (correct)10) He was awaked to the risk.Unit 2Colloquial and slangSuggested answers to the questionsThe grotesqueness of this sentence lies in the incongruity of style. The word bomb is a slang expression that is too casual to go with the subject, and the sentence can be revised into: The violin virtuoso’s performance on the cello was a big failure.The revised short paragraph: The author has made a lifetime’s study of film history, and the knowledge she has accumulated is tempered by a fine sense of judgment. She devotes a whole chapter to an analysis of horror films. These films, according to her, do much more than just frighten us; they enable us to forget our worries.Style and audienceSuggested answers to the questionsThe expected reader of Excerpt 1 is a pal of the person who leaves the note, so the language is colloquial.The reader of Excerpt 2 does not have an intimate relationship with the writer of the note. They might be business associates, for example. The language stands somewhere between formal and informal but more on the formal side.Reference for the Classroom Activities1.If there is an accident or incident that may be covered by this policy,notify us in writing as soon as possible. Y ou can give tis notice to any of our authorized agents.2.(omitted)3.The first excerpt is colloquial and the two persons may be friends orcolleagues.The second excerpt is rather formal and the two persons may be colleagues.The third is the most formal. Actually it is taken from a report and the writer may be the head of the department.Point of viewRevised version 1When people read about a natural disaster in another country, it hardly affects them. Of course, they feel bad and upset when people get killed. But as these disasters happen thousands of miles away from them and because they don’t affect their own life, they are not traumatized by them. If a flood killed their own close friends, they would be more emotionally upset.Revised version 2When we read about a natural disaster in another country, it hardly affects us. Of course, we feel bad and upset when people get killed. But as these disasters happen thousands of miles away from us and because they don’t affect our own life, we are not traumatized by them. If a flood killed our close friends, we would be more emotionally upset.Notice while the first version is comfortable and respectable, the second one involves the audience more effectively and directly because of the use of the pronoun we. The pronoun you can also achieve the same effect in this paragraph.Part IV WritingSample 1 Suggested answer to the exerciseSept.8Dear Aunt Jenny,Thank you so much for the lovely robot dog you give me. It is just what I’ve dreamed of for ages. Y ou really know me. Thanks again for the wonderful gift.Y ours,RoseSample 2 Suggested answer to the exerciseSept. 12Lucy,I got a ticket for you to the Arts Festival on Sept. 18 at Yifu Auditorium, as we have discussed before. I’ll arrange for a car to bring you here at 4:00 p.m. Give me a ring and tell me if you are coming or not. Thanks.JennyPart V Follow-up Exercises1.1）In this excerpt, Liza’s style is all but appropriate for the occasion.At the beginning, she chooses a formal and affected style but later slides to colloquial and finally slang expressions. The other characters at the scene use general and colloquial vocabulary that is appropriate for the context.2) No. Here the obvious switch from a formal to a highly colloquialstyle shows Liza in a transitional stage. She does not see that her learned comment on the weather is inappropriate. And when the subject changes into influenza, she forgets she is supposed to be a lady and reverts to(回归) her natural speech, which incidentally is much more expressive and colorful than her phony formality（假装正式）.2. 1) play a minor role/be a uility man 2)That’s Greek to me. 3)belated action/advice 4)Where there is smoke there’s fire. 5)an evil creature 6)walk into the trap 7)on e’s face glowing with health3. 1) We must practice economy./ We must reduce unnecessary expenditure.2) It is essential to control environmental pollution.3) We must arrive at the station on time.4) Financial expenditures should be arranged in order of priority.5) We must speed up constructions of urban housing so as to improve the housing condition.6) To be allowed to make profits, private capital has to meet twoconditions: the profits must be legal, and they must not be excessive.7) During the period of the Tenth Five-Y ear Plan we must never neglect grain production. Instead, we must steadily increase it.4. Reference version: Women’s RightsIn feudal China, women had low social status, and were regarded as inferior to men. Thanks to the women’s liberation movement, women have achieved equal status with men, which is established by the law. But in fact, they still can’t enjoy equal rights with men.At home, wives are expected to do all the housework, which is obviously unfair. Husban and wife should share the housework and family responsibilities. But in some families husbands usually get angry when they find the cleaning or cooking unfinished by their wives. One can’t help wondering why they don’t do it by themselves.I think women should be spiritually and financially independent if they want real equality. In order to do that, they have to learn as much as men so as to find a good job. Appearance is no longer important to women. It is their ability that can bring them a good job rather thantheir appearance. So I think the best way for women to win more rights is to receive good education.5.1)me2) who 3)I 4)me/myself 5)me 6)each other’s 7)who 8)us9)whom 10)some 11)one’s 12)his 13)his 14)his, his6. 1) We are all born into this world as equals, but for various reasons, not all of us are treated as equals. This inequality begins when we reach the age of ive, for this is when we will enter elementary school. In school, we are no longer “Mommy’s little darling.”We now have to prove ourselves to the other children and also to our teacher. If we seem different from the other students, we are treated differently, and these differences could be anything: pants, shoes, speech, religion, and so forth. Right from the start, we think that as long as we are different, there is something wrong with us.Unit 3Part IIConciseness Classroom activities2. 1) Xianming High School has a faculty that do their jobs well.2) One of the requirements is a term paper of three thousand words on asubject of your choice.3) College is difficult to adjust to because you are left on your own tosolve many problems.4) A career in the Army has both advantages and disadvantages. So doesthe return to the civilian life from the military.5) Teenage pregnancy has created a lot of controversy.Preciseness Classroom activities1. 1) Kate said she had an boring time at the homecoming party.2) I think Mr Brown is an unconvincing speaker.3) The husband gave the wife a diamond necklace for her bithday.4) There are certain traits I look for in judging a person’s character.Effectiveness Classroom activities1.1) Jo’s mouth: decidedher nose: comicalher eyes: sharp, gray, fierce, funny, thoughtfulher hair: long, thickher shoulder: roundher hands and feet: big2) Awkward colt is repetitious as the word colt carries the sense of awkwardness already. Therefore, it is unnecessary to use a modifierher.Louisa May Alcott’s novel Little WomenLouisa May Alcott(1832-1888)路易莎·梅·奥尔科特是一位美国女作家。
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1. Read the following letter.
Write a reply to Marco Francone: Thanking him for his enquiry Enclosing a brochure and price list Telling him about a new special offer Asking him to contact you if he has any questions. Write 60-80 words.
2. Read the letter from Rebecca Yates, the Sales Manager at one of your suppliers.
Dear Ms Daley I am writing to enquire about your latest photocopier. We are currently renting a model from you however we would now like to purchase one.
I would be very grateful if you could send us a copy of your brochure and any relevant product literature. Would it also be possible for you to send us a current price list?
I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely Marco Francone
12 July 2001 Mr Paul Wright Purchasing Manager
Dear Mr Wright As part of our customer service, we are pleased to enclose our latest brochure, showing our exciting new products and unbelievable prices.
We would like the opportunity to visit your company in order to inform you personally of the latest product developments and discuss ways of making our service even more suited to your needs.
If you would like to take advantage of a visit from a member of our sales team, could you please inform us of a suitable date and time? Could you also tell us which products would be if particular interest to you?
Yours sincerely Rebecca Yates Sales Manager Write a reply to Ms Yates: Thanking her for the brochure Accepting the offer of a visit from a salesperson Suggesting a date and time for the visit Saying which products you would be interested in. Write 60-80 words.
3. Read the letter from a salesperson enquiring about the transport and accommodation arrangements for a conference you have organized.
Write a letter of reply: Agreeing to make the hotel booking Explaining that she will have to pay for the extra night Asking her for her flight details Suggesting places for her to visit. Write 60-80 words.
4. You work for the Park Hotel in New York. Read the letter from a company enquiring about room vacancies.
Dear Mr. Black I am writing to confirm my attendance at this year’s sales conference from 24th to 27th October.
I will be arriving on 24th and would like to stay until the 28th so that I can do some sightseeing. Could you possibly reserve me an extra night in the same hotel? I would also be very grateful if you could recommend some places for me to visit in my free time.
I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely Jack Jones Write a reply to Mr Chung: Confirming the availability of the rooms Confirming the dates Quoting the price Giving information about business facilities. Write 60-80 words.
5. You had arranged to meet Christine Hendrikson but had to cancel the meeting at short notice. You receive the fax below from her.
KL Computers 95 Science Park Drive # 02-03 The Curie Singapore 118258
The Park Hotel 134 Central Park South New York 10019 USA
18 June 2001 Dear Sir/Madam I am writing to enquire about room vacancies for 9-11 July. We would need four double rooms, preferably with some kind of communication facilities for computers.
I would be very grateful if you could send me a quotation for the above rooms with information about the business facilities that the hotel offers.
Yours faithfully Charles Chung Personal Assistant to Kim Lee Write a fax to Christine: Apologizing for cancelling the meeting Giving a reason for the cancellation Offering a new date and time Asking her to confirm the new date and time. Write 60-80 words.
6. Your department needs a new photocopier and you have seen this advertisement in a magazine.
Write a memo to your boss: Mentioning the advertisement Describing some features of the TX 2000 Saying why the department should buy it Giving the price and delivery time.
To: Fiona Andrews From: Christine Hendrikson Date: 8 April 2002 Pages: 1
Dear Fiona I received a message this morning saying that our meeting on Friday 12 April had been cancelled. Unfortunately, the message didn’t give any more details or any alternative dates.
Could you just confirm that the meeting has indeed been cancelled and possibly suggest another date?
Best regards Christine
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