土建专业常用英文词汇
土木建筑专业词汇
建筑学、土木工程专业专业英语词汇二〇〇九年三月土木工程、建筑学专业英语词汇Aabbreviated tender system 简易招标程序ablution facility 沐浴设施absentee owner 非自住业主；在外业主abutment 桥台；拱座abutment deformation 桥台变形；拱座变形abutment pressure 桥台压力；拱座压力abutment wall 拱座墙；翼墙；桥座abutting end 邻接端abutting structure 毗邻构筑物accelerated cement 快凝水泥acceptance of tender 采纳投标书access 通道；出入口access bend 检修弯管access door 检修门；通道门access for residents 居民通道access ladder 通道竖梯access lane 进出路径access panel 检修门access point 入口处；出入通道处access ramp 入口坡道；斜道；斜通道access road 通路；通道access shaft 竖井通道access spiral loop 螺旋式回旋通道access staircase 通道楼梯access step 上落踏板；出入踏板access to the site 地盘出入口；工地出入口access tunnel 通道隧道accident loading condition 意外载荷条件accommodation value 楼面价acoustic lining 隔音板acoustic screen 隔音屏acoustic seal 防声封条acquisition 征用；收购acre 英亩acrylic coat 丙烯涂料acrylic lacquer 丙烯酸清漆acrylic paint 丙烯漆料；丙烯酸漆acrylic sheet 丙烯酸片；丙烯胶片active earth pressure 主动土压力active fault 活断层；活动断裂active to passive ratio 动态与静态设施比例activity area 活动区activity space 活动场地actual building cost 实际造价actual plot ratio 实际地积比率adapt 改装；改建addition 扩建；加建；加入户籍additional building works 增补建筑工程additional fixture 固定附物additional vent 加设通风口adit 入口；通路；坑道口adjacent building 相邻建筑物adjacent land 相邻土地adjacent site 相邻地盘adjacent street 相邻街道adjacent unit 相连单位adjoining building 毗邻建筑物admixture 外加剂；搀和剂advance drainage diversion 前期排水渠改道advance works 前期工程；早期工程advanced contract 前期合约aerial view 鸟瞰图；航测图age limit 楼龄上限aggregate 砂石；骨料；碎石aggregate structure 砂石结构；骨料结构aggregate superficial area 表面总面积aggregate usable floor space 总实用楼面空间aggregate-to-cement ratio 砂石与水泥比例；砂灰比aggregate-to-lime ratio 砂石与石灰比例air cooling system 空气冷却系统；风冷系统air curtain fan 风帘风扇air damper 气闸；调节风门air distribution system 配气系统air distributor 空气分配器air dryer 空气干燥器air duct 风槽；通风管道；气槽air entrained cement 加气水泥air exhaust 排气口air filter 空气过滤器；风隔；隔尘网air filter chamber 空气过滤室air inlet louvre 进气百叶窗air inlet port 进气口air intake filter 进气过滤器air line strainer 进气管道隔滤器air outlet 出风口air passage 风道air pipe 通气管；送气管air pressurization system 空气加压系统air restrictor 空气节流器air strainer 空气隔滤器；空气滤网air supply outlet 供气出口air survey 航空测量；空中测量air ventilator 空气通风器air void [soil] 空气孔隙；气隙〔泥土〕air-conditioning system 空气调节系统airshaft 通风竖井airy dry varnish 风干清漆alarm buzzer 警报器alignment 定线；线向；路线alignment plan [road] 路线平面图alignment survey 定线测量allocation standard 编配标准allowable bearing capacity 容许承载力allowable load 容许负载；容许载荷allowable settlement 容许沉降量allowable soil pressure 容许土压力allowable stress 容许应力；预计可承受的压力alloy steel bar 合金钢筋条alluvial deposit 冲积土层；冲积物alluvial sand 冲积沙alluvium 冲积物；冲积层alteration 改动；改建altimeter 测高仪aluminium window 铝窗anchor rod 锚杆anchored force 锚固力ancillary car park 附设停车场ancillary works 附属工程angle bar 角铁angle fillet 角钢嵌条；三角焊缝angle frame 角钢框angle iron bracket 角铁托架；角铁支架angle of inclination 倾角angle of rupture 破裂角angle of shear 剪切角angle of shearing resistance 抗剪角aangular 棱角angular displacement 角位移angular velocity 角速度anticline 背斜；背斜层anti-corrosion paint 防蚀漆；防油anti-desiccant spray 抗干燥喷剂anti-nuisance provision 禁止滋扰规定anti-oxidizing paint 抗氧化漆anti-rust paint 防锈漆anti-skid device 防滑装置anti-skid facility 防滑设施anti-skid material 防滑物料anti-vibration mounting 防震装置anti-vibration spring isolator 弹簧减震器approach 进路；引道；入口approach road 进路aqueduct 输水管道aquiclude 阻水层aquifer 含水层arch axis 拱轴arch crown 拱顶aarch rise 拱高architect 建筑师architectural decoration 建筑装饰architectural drawing 建筑图则architectural style 建筑风格artificial slope 人造斜坡asbestos fibre 石棉纤维asbestos gasket 石棉垫片as-built utility record 公用设施竣工图as-constructed drawing 竣工图；完工图aseismatic design 抗震设计asphalt 沥青；柏油assessed cost 评估成本assessment 估价；评估；已估价物业assets test 资产评审；资产审查assign 转让assignor 转让人；出让人associated retaining wall 有关挡土墙assumed load 假定载荷；计算载荷automatic control switch 自动控制开关automatic voltage regulator 自动调压器available land 可用土地average land value 平均土地价值average strength 平均强度axial bearing capacity 轴向承压力axial compression 轴向压缩axial force 轴向力axial load 轴压；轴向载重axial strain 轴向应变axial stress 轴向应力axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度axial tensile test 轴向抗拉测试axial thrust 轴向推力axisymmetric stress 轴向对称应力azimuth 极方位；极方位角Bbackfill 回填；回填土；回填料backup land 后勤土地；预留地baffle wall 遮挡墙balanced load 平衡载重balcony 露台balcony bar 露台铁栏baluster 栏杆柱balustrade 栏杆；扶手band drain 排水肩带；排水板；排水带bar tendon 钢筋barrier 栅栏；护栏；屏障barrier wall 围墙base 基座base course 路面下层；路基层；承重层base line 基准线；基线base plate 底板；垫板base slab 底板；平底板base support 底座支架basement 地库；地窖；地下室basement tanking 地库防水层；地库防水工程basement wall 地库墙；地下室墙basic survey sheet 基本测量图basic terms offer 基本条款建议书basin 水槽；水坑；港池batching and mixing plant [concrete] 配料及拌合设备；配料及搅拌设备〔混凝土〕batching plant 混凝土配料机；混凝土配料厂bath tub 浴缸bathroom 浴室batten 板条；木方batter 倾斜batter leader pile driver 斜导架打桩机batter pile 斜桩bay window 凸窗；窗台bead 门窗压条；护条；护角；焊珠beam 梁；横梁；“阵”beam and slab structure 梁板结构bearer 承木；托梁bearing capacity 承载力bearing capacity factor 承载力系数bearing capacity of the ground 土地承载力bearing force 承重能力；承载能力bearing pad 承重垫片；支承垫片bearing pile 承重桩；支承桩bearing pin 支承栓钉bearing plate 承重板；支承板bearing post 支承柱bearing pressure 承压应力bearing stress 承载应力；支承应力bearing surface 承载面；支承面bearing test 承载测试bearing wall 承重墙bedding 垫层；层理；“打底”bedding layer 垫层bedrock 基岩；基层岩benchmark 水准点；基准点bending moment 弯矩；力矩bending schedule 弯钢筋表bending stiffness 弯曲刚度bending stress 弯曲应力betterment [real estate] 增值〔不动产〕betterment charge 增值征费bill of variations 工程量更改清单binder 结合料；黏合物binding agent 黏合剂bit [drill] 钻头bitumen 沥青；柏油bitumen coat 沥青外搪层；沥青外衬bitumen lining 沥青内搪层；沥青衬里bituminous concrete 沥青混凝土bituminous friction course 沥青防滑层bituminous macadam 沥青碎石层〔道路〕bituminous material 沥青材料bituminous materials and aggregates testing 沥青材料及石料试验bituminous primer 沥青底涂料bituminous waterproof membrane 沥青防水膜blanking plate 封板blast 燃爆；爆破blast cleaning 喷砂清理；爆破清洁blast-furnace slag cement 炉渣水泥blasting site 燃爆工地；爆破工地blasting works 燃爆工程；爆破工程bleed off pipe 溢流管bleed screw 放气螺钉；减压螺钉blended cement 混合水泥blending control 混合控制blinding concrete 基础垫层混凝土blinding layer 基础垫层；地基垫层blockwork 砖工；砖造物boatswain's chair 工作吊板bolster 承枕；横撑bond strength 黏合强度bond stress 黏合应力booster pump room 增压泵房booster pumping station 增压抽水站booster water pump 增压抽水机；增压水泵bore 钻孔；内孔；内径bored pile 螺旋钻孔桩；钻孔灌注桩bored tunnel 钻挖的隧道borehole 钻孔；探土孔；挖孔boring 钻探；挖探borrow area 采泥区；采料区；取土区borrow light 透光窗；气窗bottom layer 底层bottom level 底部标高bottom plate 底板boulder 砾石；巨砾；孤石boulder fence 防石栏boundary 界线；边界；界址boundary of works area 施工范围boundary survey 地界测量boundary wall 边界box foundation 箱形基础；箱形地基box girder 箱形主梁；箱形大梁box section 方形管；方通brace 撑杆；支撑braced structure 受横向支撑的结构；支撑结构bracing 支撑；斜撑；加劲bracing structure 横向支撑结构；支撑结构bracket 托架；支架；撑架branch sewer 分支污水管brazing 铜焊；合金焊接breaking strain 断裂应变breaking strength 断裂强度；抗断强度breaking stress 断裂应力brick 砖brick course 砖层brick layer 砌砖工brick pier 砖柱brick works 砌砖工程brick-on-edge 侧置砖brick-on-edge wall 侧砖墙bridge abutment 桥台bridge cable 大桥的钢索bridge crane 桥梁起重机；桥式吊机bridge deck 桥面板；桥板；桥面bridge deck level 桥面bridge deck unit 桥面组件；桥面构件bridge deck works 桥面工程bridge girder 桥主梁；桥大梁bridge pier 桥墩bridge tower 桥塔bridge works 桥梁工程bucket conveyor 斗式输送机buckling 压曲；压弯buckling load 压曲荷载；压曲临界荷载buffer area 缓冲地区；缓冲区buildability 建筑效益builder 建造商；承建商；土建承包人builders' lift 建筑工地升降机；施工用升降机building 建筑物；屋宇；大厦building area 建筑面积Building Authority 建筑事务监督building code 建筑守则；建筑规范building construction 建筑物建造；建筑营造building contract 建筑合约Building Cost Index 建筑成本指数building covenant 建筑规约building coverage 建筑物上盖面积building debris 建筑废料building design 建筑物设计；建筑设计building height 建筑物高度；楼宇高度building land 屋地；建筑用地building layout 建筑物平面图；大厦平面图building licence 建筑许可证；建筑牌照building line 建筑界线building lot 屋地；建筑用地building material 建筑物料building owner 建筑物拥有人；建筑物业主building plan 建筑图则building platform 建筑地台building regulations 建筑物规例Building Safety Inspection Scheme 楼宇安全检验计划building services 屋宇装备；屋宇设备building site 建筑地盘；建筑工地building status 楼宇性质；屋宇性质Building Supervisor 屋宇监督Building Surveyor 屋宇测量师building volume 建筑物体积building works 建筑工程；屋宇建筑工程built form 建筑形式bund wall 墙bunded area 堤保护区bungalow 平房burglar alarm and security installations [publicworks category] 防盗及保安装置burglar mesh 防盗网buried water-carrying service 地下带水管道burst strength 爆裂强度butt hinge 对接铰链butt joint 对头接；对接缝bypass 绕道；支管；旁通管bypass channel 溢流槽bypass pipe 旁通管Ccabinet 小室；贮存柜cable conduit 电缆管cable draw pit 电缆井；电缆沙井cable duct 电缆管道；电缆导管cable laying wagon 电缆敷设车cable route 电缆路线cable supported viaduct 悬索高架桥cable suspension bridge 钢索吊桥cable trunk 电缆干线cable tunnel 电缆隧道cable wire 钢索cable-stayed bridge 斜拉桥caisson foundation 沉箱基础；沉箱地基call for tenders 招标camber 拱度cantilever 悬臂；悬臂梁capital works 基本建设工程；基建工程capping 封顶carbonation front of concrete 混凝土碳化表层carport 车位carrying capacity 运载量；载重量；承载能力Cartographer 制图师cartography 制图学case pile 套管桩casement window 竖铰链窗casing 外壳；套管；框〔门窗〕cast iron 铸铁；生铁cast iron cover 铸铁盖cast iron pipe 铸铁管cast-in anchorage 浇注锚固casting basin 预制件工场；浇灌场casting cycle 浇注期casting yard 预制件工场；浇灌场cast-in-place 灌注；现场浇筑cast-in-place concrete foundation 灌注混凝土基础cast-in-situ 现浇；就地浇筑；原地铸造cast-in-situ concrete unit 现浇混凝土组件cast-in-situ pile 现浇桩catch pit 集水井；排水井catchment area 集水区；集水范围；集水面积catchment channel 引水道catch-water 引水道cavity wall 空心墙ceiling 天花板ceiling duct 屋顶通气管ceiling height 楼底高度ceiling slab 天花板cement 水泥cement board 水泥板cement concrete 水泥混凝土cement content 水泥含量；洋灰含量cement grouting 水泥灌浆cement injection 水泥灌注工程；灌注水泥cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement paint finish 水泥涂面；水泥涂料饰面cement plaster 水泥抹面；水泥批荡cement sheeting 水泥板块cementitious corrugated panel 水泥波纹板cement-sand mix 水泥砂浆central air-conditioning system 中央空气调节系central core of circulation 主要通道central heating apparatus 中央供暖设备centre line 中心线centric load 中心荷载centrifugal concrete pile 离心混凝土桩centrifugal filter 离心过滤器centrifugal load 离心荷载centrifugal pump 离心泵centroid 重心；形心ceramic tile 瓷砖cesspool 污水池characteristic compressive strength 特性抗压强度characteristic load 特征荷载characteristic strength 特征强度；抗压强度charge 押记；收费；抵押chase 凹槽；管槽chat 碎石check mechanism 制动装置check plate 垫板；挡板checklist for detailed design 详细设计核对表chemical grouting 化学灌浆chilled air fan 冷风风扇chimney 烟囱；烟沟chimney breast 烟囱出口；烟囱管道chimney coping 烟囱盖顶chimney stack 烟囱circulation mode 循环模式cistern 水箱；冲厕水箱Civil Engineer 土木工程师Civil Engineering Conditions 土木工程规条civil engineering contract 土木工程合约Civil Engineering Department [CED] 土木工程署clay field pipe 瓦管clay mineral 黏土矿物cleaning eye 通管孔；通渠孔；清理孔clear effective length 净有效长度clear glass 透明玻璃clear opening 净开口clear sheet glass 透明平板玻璃clear space 净空间clearance 清拆；清拆行动；相距空间clearance distance 净距离Clerk of Works 工程监督closed area 禁区closed cell elastomeric insulation 密封微孔泡沫橡塑隔热材料closed position 闭合的位置closed-circuit television [CCTV] 闭路电视coarse aggregate 粗砂石coarse ash tuff 粗粒凝灰岩coarse screening 粗筛coat 保护层；涂层coating material 涂盖物质cobble 卵石；鹅卵石cold reduced steel wire 冷轧钢丝collapse 崩塌；坍塌collapse load 损毁荷载；破坏荷载column柱commencement date 施工日期；动工日期commercial facility 商业设施commercial spine 商业地带common area 公用地方common corridor 公用走廊common enclosure wall 公用围墙common room 公共休息室common waste pipe 共用废水管communal area 公用地方communal bathroom 公用浴室communal drain 公用排水渠；共用排水渠communal facility 公用设施communal toilet 公用厕所compacted concrete 压实混凝土compaction test 压实试验；压实测试compactor 压土机compartment wall 分隔墙complete overhaul 全面大修completed works 已完成的工程completion by stages 分期完成completion date 竣工日期；完工日期；落成日期completion of works 竣工；完工complex 综合建筑物composite beam 复合梁；组合梁composite foundation 复合基础；复合地基composite pile 复合桩；混合桩composite sandwich construction 复合夹层结构composite steel plate 复合钢板composite wall 组合墙composite window 复合窗comprehensive category 必须安置类别compression index 压缩指数compression joint 承压缝；承压接缝compression load 压缩荷载compression reinforcement 抗压钢筋；受压钢筋compression test 抗压测试compressive category 必须安置类别compressive strain 压缩应变compressive strength 抗压强度；抗压力度compressive stress 压应力；抗压应力concentrated load 集中载重；集中荷载conceptual design 方案设计；概念设计conceptual layout 概念规划concrete agitator 混凝土搅拌车；混凝土拌合机concrete batching 配制混凝土concrete batching plant 混凝土配料设备；混凝土配料厂concrete block 混凝土砖concrete blockwork wall 混凝土块体墙concrete cover 混凝土保护层concrete cover to reinforcement 钢筋的混凝土保护层concrete crushing strength 混凝土抗压强度concrete foundation 混凝土基础concrete grade 混凝土等级concrete member 混凝土构件concrete mix 混凝土拌合料；混凝土配合比；混凝土混合物concrete mixer 混凝土搅拌机；混凝土拌合机concrete pile 混凝土桩concrete pipe 混凝土管concrete placement 混凝土浇注concrete plinth 混凝土基座concrete pour works 混凝土浇灌工程concrete pump 混凝土泵concrete sample 混凝土样本concrete segment 混凝土组件concrete shelf 混凝土柜架concrete slab 混凝土板concrete strength 混凝土强度concrete stress 混凝土应力concrete structure 混凝土结构；混凝土建造物concrete surround 混凝土围绕concrete technology 混凝土工艺；混凝土科技concrete test 混凝土测试concrete vibrator 混凝土振捣器concrete wall 混凝土墙concrete-lined 以混凝土筑砌衬层concreting 浇灌混凝土；浇筑混凝土confining stress 局限应力conservation of energy 节约能源consolidated drained triaxial compression test 固结排水三轴压缩试验consolidation 固结；加固；沉积consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation test 固结试验construction 建造；构造construction access 施工通路construction control 施工控制construction cost 建筑成本；建筑费用；造价construction cost index 建筑费用指数Construction Environmental Impact Assessment 建筑工程环境影响评估construction fee 建筑费construction floor area 建筑楼面面积construction industry 建造业construction joint 施工缝；施工接缝construction material 建筑材料construction sequence 施工程序；施工步骤construction site 建筑地盘；建造工地construction stage 施工阶段construction standard 建筑工程标准；建设标准construction vehicle 建筑车辆construction works 建造工程continuous beam 连续梁continuous footing 连续基脚；条形基础continuous load 连续荷载contraction crack 收缩裂缝contraction fissure 收缩裂纹contraction joint 收缩缝；收缩接缝contractor 承建商；承办商；承包商control list 监察清单conversion works 改建工程cooling system 散热系统；冷却系统copper tube 铜管corbel 梁托；翅托；托架core facility 核心设施core objective 核心目标core sample 土芯样本；岩芯样本corehole 钻孔coring 钻取土芯；钻取岩芯cornice 飞檐corridor 走廊corrosion of the reinforcing steel 钢筋蚀corrosion protection 锈蚀防护corrosion resistance 耐蚀性coupled shear wall 并联剪力墙cover layer 覆盖层covered drain 暗渠covered floor area 有盖楼面面积covered footbridge 有盖行人天桥covermeter 钢筋深度表；面层测厚仪coverway 廊道cowl 罩；盖；通风帽crane 起重机；吊机creep [concrete] 蠕变；徐变〔混凝土〕creep limit 蠕变极限creep load 蠕变荷载creep rupture 蠕变断裂creep settlement 蠕变沉降creep strain 蠕动应变creep strength 蠕变强度creeping speed 蠕变速度critical element 主要元件；临界构件critical flow velocity 临界流速critical load 临界荷载critical path analysis 要径分析；要径分析法critical slope angle 最大安全斜坡角度critical stress 临界应力critical surface 临界面cross beam 横梁cross section 横截面；横切面cross sectional area 横截面面积；横切面面积crushed stone 碎石crusher 碎石机crushing and screening plants 轧筛机crushing strength 压碎强度curing time [concrete] 养护期〔混凝土〕curtain wall 幕墙；玻璃幕墙curtain wall support 幕墙承托物curve 路弯；弯位cushion 垫层；桩垫cushioning material 垫承物料cyclic loading 循环荷载；周期荷载cyclic shear resistance 周期抗剪强度cyclic stress 周期应力cylinder compressive strength 圆柱体抗压强度cylinder crushing strength 圆柱体抗压强度Ddado 墙裙；护壁damp proof course 防潮层damp proof membrane 防潮表层dangerous building 危楼；危险建筑物datum 基准；基准面datum location 基准地点datum mark 基准记号datum plane 基准面datum station 基准站dead load 恒载；静荷载dead-load test 恒载试验；静荷载试验decompression 减压；卸荷decoration 装修；装饰Decoration Handbook 《装修手册》decorative finish 饰面deed 契据；契约deep foundation 深层基础；深层地基deep groove 深槽deep piling 深层打桩法deep seal 深层密封defect 建筑缺陷；建筑瑕疵deflection curve 挠度曲线delamination of concrete cover 混凝土保护层层状剥落delayed works 工程延误demolish 拆卸densometer 密度计；比重计depth of carbonation 碳化深度design and construction 设计及施工design and disposition 设计及规划design calculation 设计计算书；设计计算资料design code 设计守则；设计规范design drawing 设计图；设计图纸design life 设计使用期；设计使用年限design load 设计载重；设计荷载design mix 配料设计；设计成分design parameter 设计规范；设计规限design pressure 设计压力design requirement 设计上的规定design safety factor 设计安全系数design specifications 设计规格design strength 设计强度design stress 设计应力designed mix concrete 设定配合比的混凝土detail working drawing 施工详图detailed design 设计详图；详细设计Detailed Design Review Panel 设计详图检讨小组detailed design stage 详细设计阶段otechnical stability study 详细岩土稳定性研究deterioration of reinforcement 钢筋损蚀dial gauge 千分表diaphragm 横隔板；横隔梁；膜片diaphragm plate 横隔板diaphragm wall 截水墙；隔墙；地下连续墙differential settlement 不均匀沉降；不规则沉降；沉降差dimensional tolerance 尺寸公差dimensioned location 用尺寸标明的位置dip 倾角dip angle 倾角dip direction 倾向direct shear equipment 直剪仪direct shear test 直剪试验discharge value 流通量；排放量distributed load 分布荷载；分布载重ditch 沟渠；明沟diversion kerb 导流dome 圆拱顶domestic block 住宅楼宇；住宅大厦door chain 防盗链door frame 门框door furniture 门配件door gasket 门胶边door handle 门把手door head 门楣door holder 门夹；门扣；门球door jamb 边框；“企框”door leaf 门扉door sill 门槛；门坎door stop 门挡door threshold 门槛door viewer 防盗眼door-telephone 门口对讲机draft amendment plan 修订草图draft plan 草图；草拟图drain board 去水板drain hole 排水孔；去水孔drain pipe 排水管；排水渠drain tube 排水管drainage 排水；疏水；排水设施drainage measure 排水措施drainage outlet 排水出口drainage pipe 排水管道drainage plan 排水设施图drencher head 喷淋头dry wall 预制墙板；预制墙drying shrinkage 干水收缩；干收缩dynamic effect 动力效应dynamic load 动荷载dynamic shear strength 动抗剪强度Eearth pressure 土压力earth pressure at rest 静止土压力earth pressure distribution 土压力分布earth-moving machine 掘土机；动土机earthquake engineering 地震工程earthquake loading 地震荷载earthquake proof construction 抗震工程；抗震建筑earthquake proof foundation 抗震基础；抗震地基earthquake proof joint 防震缝；防震接缝earthquake resistance design 抗震设计earth-retaining structure 挡土构筑物；护土结构earth-retaining wall 挡土墙；护土墙earthwork 土方工程earthwork specifications 土方工程规格eaves 屋檐eaves gutter 檐沟eccentric load 偏心荷载effective area 实用面积effective stress 有效应力elastic beam 弹性梁elastic deformation 弹性变形elastic equilibrium 弹性平衡elastic foundation 弹性基础；弹性地基elastic settlement 弹性沉降elastic support 弹性支座element of construction 结构单元eletronic distance meter 电子测距仪elevated structure 高架构筑物；高架结构elevation 立面〔建筑物〕；标高；立视图emergency access 紧急通道emergency exit door 紧急出口门empty bay 空格；空位emulsion paint 乳胶漆enamel paint 瓷漆enclosing wall 围墙end gable wall 山墙engineering analysis 工程分析engineering assessment report 工程评估报告engineering feasibility study 工程可行性研究engineering geologic investigation 工程地质勘察engineering geological map 工程地质图engineering infrastructure 基础建设工程engineering investigation study 工程勘察研究engineering properties 工程性质；工程特性engineering survey 工程测量environmental design assessment 环境设计评估environmental monitoring 环境监测environmental permit 环境许可证environmental review 环境评审equivalent load 等效荷载escalator 自动梯escape 逃生门；太平门escape route 走火通道escrow 有待完成条件的契据especially difficult area 特别难发展的区域estate plan 屋平面图execution of works 施工exhaust duct 排气管道exhaust fan 排气扇；抽气扇exhaust fume collecting hood 集烟罩exhaust plant 抽气设备exhaust system 排气系统exit road 出口道路exit route 出路通道expansion joint 伸缩缝；伸缩接缝expansion works 扩展工程expansive soil 膨胀土exposed face 外露面extension 扩建部分；延展部分；增批部分；扩建物extension of time 延期；延长合约期extension of time for completion 延长竣工期；延长完工期extension test 拉伸测试extensometer 延伸仪；延伸计external crack 表面裂缝external diameter 外径；外直径external force 外力external protection 外保护层external redecoration 楼宇外部粉饰工程external strengthening works 外部巩固工程external structural bracing frame 外部支撑结构架；外部横向支撑结构架external surface 外层；外表面external wall 外墙extreme loading condition 极端荷载条件extrusion test 挤出试验Ffabrication 制造；建造；装配fabrication yard 预制件工场facade 面墙；外墙；正面外墙face 饰面facing brick 面砖；露面砖facing decoration 面层装饰facing stone 面层石；护面石facing tile 饰面瓷砖fall 下斜；斜度falsework 脚手架；工作架family member 家庭成员family size 家庭人数fatigue failure 疲劳损毁；疲劳破坏fatigue fracture 疲劳断裂fatigue limit 疲劳极限fatigue loading 疲劳荷载fatigue resistance 抗疲劳强度fatigue strength 疲劳强度fatigue test 疲劳测试faulty works 不合规格的工程feature wall 特色墙；装饰墙；景观墙feed pipe [water supply] 供水管feed tank 供水箱fence 围栏；围网；栅栏fence wall 围墙fibre glass 玻璃纤维field 田地；场地field area statement 田地面积记录field bearing test 现场承载测试；实地承载测试field identification 现场鉴定；实地鉴定field investigation 现场勘察；实地勘察field loading test 现场荷载测试；实地荷载测试field note 外业记录field sheet 外业记录表field survey 实地勘察；实地测量field testing 实地测试；工地测试fill material 填土材料；填料fill placement technique 填筑技术fill stratum 填土层fill structure 填土结构；填土构筑物filled ground 填土基础；填土地基final measurement 最终测量结果final set 终凝〔混凝土〕；终锤〔打桩〕Final Structural Appraisal 最终结构勘测评估报告fine dust 粉尘fine gravel 细砾fine sand 细沙fine screening 精筛fines 细粒土finger stone 细石finish 终饰；饰面；修整finish material 饰面材料finished floor 竣工楼面；修整过的楼面finishing coat 终饰层；表层批荡；面漆finishing works 终饰工程fire alarm system 火警警报系统fire brick 防火砖fire detection system [FDS] 火警感应系统；火警侦测系统fire door 防烟门；防火门fire fighting equipment 消防设备fire fighting system 消防系统fire hydrant 消防栓；消防龙头fire installation 消防装置fire resistance 耐火性Fire Services Communication Centre 消防控制中心fire services drawing 消防装置布置图fire services equipment 消防设备fireproof concrete 耐火混凝土fire-proof material 防火材料fire-resisting construction 耐火结构；耐热结构fitting-out works 装修工程fixed bearing 固定承座；固定支座flank wall 侧面墙；边墙flashing 防雨板；防水盖片flat bar 扁钢；条钢flat mix 楼宇组合；单位组合flat production programme 建屋计划flat roof 平屋顶；平台flat slab construction 无梁板建筑flat slab structure 无梁板结构flexible frame 弹性构架；柔性构架flexible hose 软管flexible joint 弹性接缝；柔性接缝flexible load 柔性荷载flexural stress 弯曲应力；挠曲应力flexure 弯曲；挠曲float glass 浮法玻璃floated finish 粗磨面；粗抹光面floor 楼面；楼层；地板floor plan 楼面平面图；楼宇平面图floor slab 地板；楼板floor tile 地砖；地台瓦floor timber 木地板flow meter 流量计；流速计flow monitoring 流量监测flow rate 流量；流量率flower pot frame 花盆架flower rack 花盆架flue aperture 通风孔flue pipe 烟道管flush joint 平缝flushing supply 冲厕用水；冲厕供水foam concrete 泡沫混凝土foot switch 脚踏开关footing 基脚；地基；基础footing beam 基脚梁；地脚梁footing foundation 底脚地基form of structure 结构形式form of tender 投标表格formation 平整；开拓；地层formation level 平整面标高；平整面水平formation works 平整工程formica 防火胶板formwork 模板formwork system 板模系统foul drainage 污水渠道；脏水渠道foul sewer 污水渠foul sewer system 污水系统；脏水系统foul water 污水；脏水foundation 基础；地基；底座foundation base 基础底；地基底foundation bed 基础垫层；地基垫层foundation dredging 地基开挖foundation level 地基标高；地基水平foundation load 基础荷载；地基荷载foundation plan 基础平面图；地基平面图foundation settlement 基础沉降；地基沉降foundation soil 地基土foundation works 基础工程；地基工程frame stiffness 框架刚度free maintenance period 免费保养期free water surface 地下水位freehold 永久业权；永久自由处置的业权free-standing air-conditioning 独立空气调节系统French chalk 滑石粉French drain 盲沟French window 落地窗fresh air inlet 新鲜空气入口fresh concrete 新浇混凝土；新拌混凝土；生混凝土fresh water 淡水；食水fresh water cooling tower 淡水冷却水塔fringe area 边缘区front elevation 正面图frosted glass 磨砂玻璃fuel line 燃油管道fuel meter 燃油表fuel supply system 燃油供应系统fuel supply tap 燃油供应开关"fung shui" area 风水区"fung shui" specialist 风水师G gable 山墙gable wall 人字墙；山墙；端墙gallery 桥廊；走廊；坑道galvanized mild steel 镀锌软钢gangway 通道gantry 门架；吊架；起重机架garbage chamber 垃圾房garden house lot 花园屋地garden land 花园地garden lot 花园地段general arrangement 总体布置；总体设计general industrial land 一般工业用地general layout plan 总平面图general planning considerations 一般规划考虑因素general shear failure 整体剪切破坏General Specifications on Material and Workmanship 《物料与造工一般规格说明书》geodetic datum 测地基准点；大地基准geodetic information system 大地信息系统geodetic survey 大地测量geographical co-ordinate system 地理坐标系统geographical information system 地理信息系统geological data computer system 地质资料电脑系统geological map 地质图geological mapping 地质勘察；地质测绘geological memoir 地质报告geological profile 地质剖面geological survey 地质调查geological survey memoir 地质调查报告geological survey plan 地质调查图geotechnical data 岩土数据geotechnical design 岩土工程设计Geotechnical Engineer 土力工程师geotechnical investigation 岩土工程勘察；岩土工程勘探geotechnical record 岩土记录geotechnical specialist 岩土工程专家geotechnical study 岩土工程调查；岩土工程研究geotechnical survey 土力测量geyser 热水器girder 主梁；大梁gland 封头；压盖glass block screen wall 玻璃幕墙glass louvre 玻璃百叶窗glass reinforced concrete 玻璃纤维混凝土glass tile 玻璃砖glazed brick 釉面砖glazed ceramic tile 釉面瓷砖glazed earthenware 釉面陶土glazed mosaic tile 釉面纸皮石glazed porcelain 玻璃瓷glazed tile 瓷砖；玻璃砖；釉面瓦glazed wall tile 墙壁瓷砖glazed ware 釉面物料glazing bead 玻璃压条glazing compound 镶玻璃油灰glazing gasket 玻璃封边；玻璃镶边global stability problem 整体稳定性问题government public works 政府公共工程grade strength 等级强度gradient 斜度；坡度grain size 粒径grand summary to the bills of quantities 建筑工料清单摘要granite 花岗岩；花岗石granolithic finish 人造石铺面granolithic paving 人造铺地石granular 颗粒状的granular bedding [road] 路碎石层granular material 颗粒材grassland 草地gravel 砾石；卵石gravel pack 填砾gravelly sand 砾砂gravity core 重力取样gravity cover 重力覆盖gravity load 重力荷载gravity structure 重力式结构green concrete 新浇混凝土；新拌混凝土green link 绿化区ground beam 地梁ground bearing pressure 地面承载力ground clearance 离地净高ground condition 土地状况；地面条件ground engineering 地基工程ground floor 地下ground floor arcade 地下商场ground investigation 土地勘测；土地勘探；探土ground level 地面；地面水平；地面标高ground level contour 地面水平等高线ground level road 地面道路ground line 地平线ground movement 地面移动；地层移动ground pressure 地面压力ground settlement 土地沉降；地陷ground stress 地应力ground surface 地面ground survey 地面测量ground treatment works 土地处理工程；地层处理工程groundwater 地下水groundwater level 地下水位groundwater monitoring 地下水监测grout 水泥浆；薄浆；灌浆grout curtain 薄浆隔墙grout mix 薄浆混合料grout tube 灌浆管grout vent pipe 灌浆排气管grouting 灌浆grouting works 灌浆工程Gguide wall 导墙；导流墙guided bearing 导向支承gully erosion 冲沟侵蚀gunite 喷射砂浆；压力喷浆gunite covering 喷浆面层gutter 檐沟；檐槽；雨水槽gypsum plaster 石膏灰泥；石膏抹面gypsum plaster board 石膏板Hhabitation 居住hair crack 发丝裂缝；毛细裂缝half-brick wall 半砖墙；半砖厚墙handrail 扶手hard and soft landscaping 园景建筑及种植花木hard impervious material 坚硬不透水物料hard landscaping 园景建筑工程。
土木工程专业英语常用词汇
土木工程专业英语常用词汇Commonly Used Civil Engineering English Vocabulary.General Terms.Civil engineering: the discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of man-made structures.Infrastructure: the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g., buildings, roads, bridges) that are needed for the operation of a society.Sustainable development: the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.Project management: the process of planning, organizing, and managing resources to achieve a specific goal.Risk assessment: the process of identifying and evaluating potential risks and their impact on a project.Geotechnical engineering: the study of the behavior of soil and rock and their interaction with man-made structures.Structural engineering: the study of the behavior of man-made structures under various loads.Transportation engineering: the study of the design, construction, and maintenance of transportation systems.Water resources engineering: the study of the design, construction, and management of water resources systems.Environmental engineering: the study of the design, construction, and management of systems to protect the environment.Materials.Concrete: a composite material composed of cement, sand, gravel, and water.Steel: a metal alloy composed primarily of iron.Timber: wood that is used for construction purposes.Masonry: a material composed of stone, brick, or concrete blocks that are bound together with mortar.Asphalt: a black, viscous material that is used for paving roads.Construction.Excavation: the process of removing soil or rock from a site.Foundation: the part of a structure that is below ground level and supports the rest of the structure.Framing: the skeleton of a structure that supports the walls, roof, and other elements.Roofing: the material that covers the roof of a structure.Finishing: the materials and processes used to complete the interior and exterior of a structure.Site work: the work that is done on a site before and after construction.Equipment.Bulldozer: a heavy-duty machine that is used for moving soil or rock.Excavator: a machine that is used for digging trenches and holes.Crane: a machine that is used for lifting heavy objects.Dump truck: a truck that is used for hauling soil, rock, and other materials.Concrete mixer: a machine that is used for mixing concrete.Design.Blueprint: a drawing that shows the plans for a structure.Model: a physical or mathematical representation of a structure.Simulation: a computer program that is used to simulate the behavior of a structure.Code: a set of rules and regulations that govern the design and construction of structures.Standards: a set of guidelines that are used to ensurethe quality of construction.Related Fields.Architecture: the art and science of designing and constructing buildings.Surveying: the science of measuring and mapping land and its features.Planning: the process of developing plans for the use of land and resources.Environmental science: the study of the environment and its interactions with human activity.Engineering management: the application of management principles to the field of engineering.。
土木工程专业英语词汇
第一部分必须掌握，第二部分尽量掌握第一部分：1 Finite Element Method 有限单元法2 专业英语Specialty English3 水利工程Hydraulic Engineering4 土木工程Civil Engineering5 地下工程Underground Engineering6 岩土工程Geotechnical Engineering7 道路工程Road (Highway) Engineering8 桥梁工程Bridge Engineering9 隧道工程Tunnel Engineering10 工程力学Engineering Mechanics11 交通工程Traffic Engineering12 港口工程Port Engineering13 安全性safety17木结构timber structure18 砌体结构masonry structure19 混凝土结构concrete structure20 钢结构steelstructure21 钢-混凝土复合结构steel and concrete composite structure22 素混凝土plain concrete23 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete24 钢筋rebar25 预应力混凝土pre-stressed concrete26 静定结构statically determinate structure27 超静定结构statically indeterminate structure28 桁架结构truss structure29 空间网架结构spatial grid structure30 近海工程offshore engineering31 静力学statics32运动学kinematics33 动力学dynamics34 简支梁simply supported beam35 固定支座fixed bearing36弹性力学elasticity37 塑性力学plasticity38 弹塑性力学elaso-plasticity39 断裂力学fracture Mechanics40 土力学soil mechanics41 水力学hydraulics42 流体力学fluid mechanics43 固体力学solid mechanics44 集中力concentrated force45 压力pressure46 静水压力hydrostatic pressure47 均布压力uniform pressure48 体力body force 49 重力gravity50 线荷载line load51 弯矩bending moment52 torque 扭矩53 应力stress54 应变stain55 正应力normal stress56 剪应力shearing stress57 主应力principal stress58 变形deformation59 内力internal force60 偏移量挠度deflection61 settlement 沉降62 屈曲失稳buckle63 轴力axial force64 允许应力allowable stress65 疲劳分析fatigue analysis66 梁beam67 壳shell68 板plate69 桥bridge70 桩pile71 主动土压力active earth pressure72 被动土压力passive earth pressure73 承载力load-bearing capacity74 水位water Height75 位移displacement76 结构力学structural mechanics77 材料力学material mechanics78 经纬仪altometer79 水准仪level80 学科discipline81 子学科sub-discipline82 期刊journal ,periodical83文献literature84 ISSN International Standard Serial Number 国际标准刊号85 ISBN International Standard Book Number 国际标准书号86 卷volume87 期number 88 专着monograph89 会议论文集Proceeding90 学位论文thesis, dissertation91 专利patent92 档案档案室archive93 国际学术会议conference94 导师advisor95 学位论文答辩defense of thesis96 博士研究生doctorate student97 研究生postgraduate98 EI Engineering Index 工程索引99 SCI Science Citation Index 科学引文索引100ISTP Index to Science and Technology Proceedings 科学术会议论文集索引101 题目title102 摘要abstract103 全文full-text104 参考文献reference105 联络单位、所属单位affiliation106 主题词Subject107 关键字keyword108 ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers 美国土木工程师协会109 FHWA Federal Highway Administration 联邦公路总署110 ISO International Standard Organization111 解析方法analytical method112 数值方法numerical method113 计算computation114 说明书instruction115 规范Specification, Code第二部分：岩土工程专业词汇1.geotechnical?engineering岩土工程?2.foundation?engineering基础工程3.soil,?earth土4.soil?mechanics土力学?????????cyclic?loading周期荷载?unloading卸载?reloading再加载?viscoelastic?foundation粘弹性地基?viscous?damping粘滞阻尼?shear?modulus剪切模量?5.soil?dynamics土动力学6.stress?path应力路径?7.numerical geotechanics 数值岩土力学二. 土的分类 1.residual soil残积土 groundwater level地下水位 2.groundwater 地下水 groundwater table地下水位 3.clay minerals粘土矿物 4.secondary minerals次生矿物 ndslides滑坡 6.bore hole columnar section钻孔柱状图 7.engineering geologic investigation工程地质勘察 8.boulder 漂石 9.cobble卵石 10.gravel砂石 11.gravelly sand砾砂 12.coarse sand粗砂 13.medium sand中砂 14.fine sand细砂 15.silty sand粉土 16.clayey soil粘性土 17.clay粘土 18.silty clay粉质粘土 19.silt粉土 20.sandy silt砂质粉土 21.clayey silt粘质粉土 22.saturated soil饱和土 23.unsaturated soil非饱和土 24.fill (soil)填土 25.overconsolidated soil超固结土 26.normally consolidated soil正常固结土 27.underconsolidated soil欠固结土 28.zonal soil区域性土 29.soft clay软粘土 30.expansive (swelling) soil膨胀土 31.peat泥炭 32.loess黄土 33.frozen soil冻土 24.degree of saturation饱和度 25.dry unit weight干重度26.moist unit weight湿重度45.ISSMGE=International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geote chnical Engineering 国际土力学与岩土工程学会四. 渗透性和渗流1.Darcy’s law 达西定律2.piping管涌3.flowing soil流土4.sand boiling砂沸5.flow net流网6.seepage渗透（流）7.leakage渗流8.seepage pressure渗透压力9.permeability渗透性10.seepage force渗透力11.hydraulic gradient水力梯度 12.coefficient of permeability 透系数五. 地基应力和变形1.soft soil软土2.(negative) skin friction of driven pile打入（负）摩阻力3.effective stress有效应力4.total stress总应力5.field vane shear strength十字板抗剪强度6.low activity低活性7.sensitivity灵敏度8.triaxial test三轴验9.foundation design基础设计 10.recompaction再压11.bearing capacity承载力 12.soil mass土体13.contact stress (pressure)接触应力（压力）14.concentrated load集中荷载 15.a semi-infinite elastic solid 无限弹性体 16.homogeneous均质 17.isotropic各向性 18.strip footing条基 19.square spread footing方形独立基20.underlying soil (stratum ,strata)下卧层（土）21.dead load =sustained load恒载持续荷载 22.live load载 23.short –term transient load短期瞬时荷载24.long-term transient load长期荷载 25.reduced load折算载 26.settlement沉降 27.deformation变形 28.casing管 29.dike=dyke堤（防） 30.clay fraction粘粒组 31.physical properties物理性质 32.subgrade基 33.well-graded soil级配良好土 34.poorly-graded soil级配良土 35.normal stresses正应力 36.shear stresses剪力 37.principal plane主平面38.major (intermediate, minor) principal stress最大（中、最小主应力 39.Mohr-Coulomb failure condition摩尔-库仑破坏件 40.FEM=finite element method有限元法41.limit equilibrium method极限平衡法42.pore water pressure孔隙水压力43.preconsolidation pressure先期固结压力44.modulus of compressibility压缩模量45.coefficent of compressibility压缩系数pression index压缩指数 47.swelling index回弹数 48.geostatic stress自重应力 49.additional stress附加力 50.total stress总应力 51.final settlement最终降 52.slip line滑动线六. 基坑开挖与降水 1 excavation开挖（挖方） 2 dewater （基坑）降水 3 failure of foundation基坑失稳4 bracing of foundation pit基坑围护5 bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起6 retaining wall挡土墙7 pore-pressure distribution孔压布8 dewatering method降低地下水位法9 well point system 点系统（轻型） 10 deep well point深井点 11 vacuum well po 真空井点 12 braced cuts支撑围护 13 braced excavation支撑挖 14 braced sheeting支撑挡板七. 深基础--deep foundation 1.pile foundation桩基础1)cast –in-place灌注桩 diving casting cast-in-place pile沉管注桩 bored pile钻孔桩 special-shaped cast-in-place pile机控型灌注桩 piles set into rock嵌岩灌注桩 rammed bulb pile夯桩2)belled pier foundation钻孔墩基础 drilled-pier foundation钻孔扩底墩 under-reamed bored pier3)precast concrete pile预制混凝土桩4)steel pile钢桩 steel pipe pile钢管桩 steel sheet pile钢桩5)prestressed concrete pile预应力混凝土桩 prestressed concrete pipe pile预应力混凝土管桩 2.caisson foundation沉井（箱） 3.diaphragm wall地下连续墙截水墙 4.friction pile摩擦桩 5.end-bearing pile端承桩 6.shaft竖井；桩身 7.wave equation analysis波动方程分析 8.pile caps承台（桩帽） 9.bearing capacity of single pile单桩承载力 teral pile load test单桩横向载荷试验 11.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile单桩横向极限承载力 12.static load test of pile单桩竖向静荷载试验 13.vertical allowable load capacity单桩竖向容许承载力 14.low pile cap低桩承台 15.high-rise pile cap高桩承台 16.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile单桩抗拔极限承载力 17.silent piling静力压桩 18.uplift pile抗拔桩 19.anti-slide pile抗滑桩20.pile groups群桩 21.efficiency factor of pile groups群桩效率系数（η）22.efficiency of pile groups群桩效应 23.dynamic pile testing桩基动测技术24.final set最后贯入度 25.dynamic load test of pile桩动荷载试验26.pile integrity test桩的完整性试验 27.pile head=butt桩头 28.pile tip=pile point=pile toe桩端（头） 29.pile spacing桩距30.pile plan桩位布置图 31.arrangement of piles =pile layout桩的布置32.group action群桩作用 33.end bearing=tip resistance桩端阻 34.skin(side) friction=shaft resistance桩侧阻35.pile cushion桩垫 36.pile driving(by vibration) （振动）打桩 37.pile pulling test拔桩试验 38.pile shoe桩靴 39.pile noise 打桩噪音 40.pile rig打桩机九. 固结consolidation1.Terzzaghi’s consolidation theory太沙基固结理论2.Barraon’s consolidation theory巴隆固结理论3.Biot’s consolidation theory比奥固结理论4.over consolidation ration (OCR)超固结比5.overconsolidation soil超固结土6.excess pore water pressure超孔压力7.multi-dimensional consolidation多维固结8.one-dimensional consolidation一维固结9.primary consolidation主固结10.secondary consolidation次固结11.degree of consolidation固结度 12.consolidation test固结试验 13.consolidation curve固结曲线 14.time factor Tv时间因子15.coefficient of consolidation固结系数16.preconsolidation pressure前期固结压力17.principle of effective stress有效应力原理18.consolidation under K0 condition K0固结十. 抗剪强度shear strength 1.undrained shear strength不排水抗剪强度2.residual strength残余强度3.long-term strength长期强度4.peak strength峰值强度5.shear strain rate剪切应变速率6.dilatation剪胀7.effective stress approach of shear strength 剪胀抗剪强度有效应力法 8.total stress approach of shear strength抗剪强度总应力法 9.Mohr-Coulomb theory莫尔－库仑理论 10.angle of internal friction内摩擦角 11.cohesion粘力 12.failure criterion破坏准则 13.vane strength十字板抗剪度14.unconfined compression无侧限抗压强度15.effective stress failure envelop有效应力破坏包线16.effective stress strength parameter有效应力强度参数十一. 本构模型--constitutive model1.elastic model弹性模型2.nonlinear elastic model非线性弹模型3.elastoplastic model弹塑性模型4.viscoelastic model粘弹性型5.boundary surface model边界面模型6.Duncan-Chang model邓肯－张模型7.rigid plastic model 塑性模型8.cap model盖帽模型9.work softening加工化 10.work hardening加工硬化 11.Cambridge model剑桥型 12.ideal elastoplastic model理想弹塑性型 13.Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion莫尔－库仑屈服准则14.yield surface屈服面15.elastic half-space foundation model弹性半空间地基型 16.elastic modulus弹性模量 17.Winkler foundation model 克尔地基模型十二. 地基承载力--bearing capacity of foundation soil 1.punching shear failure冲剪破坏 2.general shear failure整体切破化 3.local shear failure局部剪切坏 4.state of limit equilibrium极限平衡状态5.critical edge pressure临塑荷载6.stability of foundation soil地基稳定性7.ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil地基极限承力 8.allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil地基容许承力十三. 土压力--earth pressure1.active earth pressure主动土压力2.passive earth pressure被土压力3.earth pressure at rest静止土力 4.Coulomb’s earth pressure theory库仑土压力论5.Rankine’s earth pressure theory朗金土压力理论十四. 土坡稳定分析--slope stability analysis1.angle of repose休止角2.Bishop method毕肖法3.safety factor of slope边坡稳定安全数4.Fellenius method of slices费纽伦斯条法5.Swedish circle method瑞典圆弧滑动法6.slices method 分法十五. 挡土墙--retaining wall1.stability of retaining wall挡土墙稳定性2.foundation wall基础墙3.counter retaining wall扶壁式挡墙4.cantilever retaining wall悬臂式挡土墙5.cantilever sheet pile wall悬臂式板桩墙6.gravity retaining wall重力式挡土墙7.anchored plate retaining wall锚定板挡土墙8.anchored sheet pile wall锚定板板桩墙十六. 板桩结构物--sheet pile structure 1.steel sheet pile钢桩 2.reinforced concrete sheet pile钢筋混凝土板桩 3.steel pi 钢桩 4.wooden sheet pile木板桩 5.timber piles木桩十七. 浅基础--shallow foundation 1.box foundation箱型础 2.mat(raft) foundation片筏基础 3.strip foundation条形础 4.spread footing扩展基础 pensated foundation补偿基础 6.bearing stratum持力层 7.rigid foundation刚性基础 8.flexible foundation柔性基础9.embedded depth of foundation基础埋置深度 foundation pressure基底附加应力11.structure-foundation-soil interaction analysis上部结构－基础－地基共同作用分析十八. 土的动力性质--dynamic properties of soils1.dynamic strength of soils动强度2.wave velocity method波速法3.material damping材料阻尼4.geometric damping几何阻尼5.damping ratio阻尼比6.initial liquefaction初始液化7.natural period of soil site地基固有周期8.dynamic shear modulus of soils动剪切模量 9.dynamic ma二十. 地基基础抗震 1.earthquake engineering地震工程 2.soil dynamics土动力学 3.duration of earthquake地震持续时间 4.earthquake response spectrum地震反应谱 5.earthquake intensity地震烈度 6.earthquake magnitude震级 7.seismic predominant period地震卓越周期 8.maximum acceleration of earthquake地震最大加速度二十一. 室内土工实验 1.high pressure consolidation test高压固结试验 2.consolidation under K0 condition K0固结试验 3.falling head permeability变水头试验4.constant head permeability常水头渗透试验5.unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test不固结不排水试验(UU)6.consolidated undrained triaxial test固结不排水试验(CU)7.consolidated drained triaxial test固结排水试验(CD)paction test击实试验9.consolidated quick direct shear test固结快剪试验10.quick direct shear test快剪试验11.consolidated drained direct shear test慢剪试验12.sieve analysis筛分析 13.geotechnical model test土工模型试验 14.centrifugalmodel test离心模型试验15.direct shear apparatus直剪仪 16.direct shear test直剪试验 17.direct simple shear test直接单剪试验18.dynamic triaxial test三轴试验 19.dynamic simple shear动单剪 20.free（resonance）vibration column test自(共)振柱试验二十二. 原位测试1.standard penetration test (SPT)标准贯入试验 2.surface wave test (SWT)表面波试验 3.dynamic penetration test(DPT)动力触探试验 4.static cone penetration (SPT) 静力触探试验 5.plate loading test静力荷载试验 teral load test of pile 单桩横向载荷试验 7.static load test of pile 单桩竖向荷载试验 8.cross-hole test 跨孔试验 9.screw plate test螺旋板载荷试验 10.pressuremeter test旁压试验 11.light sounding轻便触探试验 12.deep settlement measurement深层沉降观测 13.vane shear test十字板剪切试验 14.field permeability test 现场渗透试验 15.in-situ pore water pressure measurement 原位孔隙水压量测 16.in-situ soil test原位试验。
土建英语词汇
土建英语词汇Civil English Glossary一、设计专业工艺（专业）：process design/engineering 系统（专业）：systems engineering设备（专业）：equipment engineering布置（专业）：plant layout engineering 管道设计（专业）：piping design管道机械（专业）：piping mechanical engineering仪表（专业）：instruments engineering电气（专业）：electrical engineering建筑（专业）：architectural土建（专业）：civil engineering设计阶段：engineering phase基础工程设计阶段：basic engineering phase详细工程设计阶段：detailed engineering phase二、图纸扬子石化—巴斯夫有限责任公司BASF-YPC Company Limited一体化石化项目—中国，南京IPS PROJECT—NANJING，CHINA中国石化洛阳石油化工工程公司：SINOPEC LUOYANGPETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING CORP.中海壳牌南海石化项目：CSPC NANHAI PETROCHEMICALS PROJECT丽东芳烃项目：LIDONG AROMATICS COMPLEX PROJECT冷却塔（南区）：COOLING TOWERS （SOUTH）施工图纸：Working drawing,Construction drawing工艺装置：Process unit工艺流程图：Process flow diagram [PED] 装置布置图：Plot plan会签：Inter discipline check图号：DWG NO.资质等级gradegrade ofofof qualificationqualification设计：designeddesigned byby校对：checkedchecked byby审核：supervisor附注：notes图例：legend剖面：section平面图：layoutlayout planplan立面图：elevation结构布置图：structurestructure planplan1配筋图：reinforcing reinforcing plan plan 模板图：form form plan plan二、结构二、结构基础： foundation 基础梁：foundation foundation beam beam 桩基础：pile pile foundation foundation 桩承台：pile pile capping capping打桩机：pile pile driverdriver 振动打桩机：vibratory vibratory driver driver 打桩：pile pile driving drivingZ2101泵吸水池详图： pump basin detailfor Z2101冷却塔水池：Cooling Cooling tower tower tower basin basin 池壁： wall伸缩缝： expansion and contraction joint 底板：bottom bottom slabslab 水池顶板：basin top slab风机基础详图：风机基础详图： fan foundation detail 现浇墙板：现浇墙板： cast-in-place wall panel 预制墙板：预制墙板： pre-cast wall panel 钢筋混凝土框架：钢筋混凝土框架： reinforced concrete frame 钢筋混凝土柱：钢筋混凝土柱：reinforced concrete column 牛腿： bracket钢筋混凝土现浇板： cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab 地下管道：underground underground trench trench 斜梁： stringer平台梁：beams beams of of of platform platform 悬臂梁：cantilever cantilever beam beam 女儿墙： parapet人孔盖板：manhole manhole cover cover 集水坑；catchment catchment pit pit 溢流槽：flood flood relief relief relief channel channel 爬梯：爬梯： ladderpretensioned spun concrete piles 先张法预应力混凝土管桩先张法预应力混凝土管桩三、材料三、材料预埋件embedded embedded plateplate 钢板steel steel plate plate 钢圆环：steel steel ringring ring plate plate 雨水篦子板：rain rain water water water grating grating 钢筋reinforcing reinforcing barbar 热轧光圆钢筋： hot rolled plain steelbars热轧带肋钢筋： hot rolled ribbed steelbarsI 级：级： grade I 插筋：anchor anchor rebarrebar 钢筋锚固长度：bond length of rebars 钢筋搭接：bar bar splicing splicing箍筋：箍筋： stirrup纵向钢筋：longitudinal longitudinal bar bar 弯起钢筋，元宝筋：bend bend bar bar 钢筋间距：rod rod spacing spacing 搭接长度：overlapping overlapping length length不锈钢栏杆：不锈钢栏杆： stainless steel handrail 支架： support电缆槽盒支架：cable cable trench trench trench support support 仪表槽盒支架： instrument trenchsupport螺母： nut 锚栓： anchor boltM30六角螺帽： M30 six angle screw cap 外露100，丝扣80：outcrop 100, thread 80 地脚螺栓，基础螺栓： foundation bolt垫片：垫片： washer 间隔布置：interval interval set set早强剂：early-strength early-strength admixture admixture 防冻附加剂：antifreeze antifreeze admixture admixture 混凝土：concrete: C40 concrete: class class ：40 细石混凝土：fine fine aggregate aggregate aggregate concrete concrete 配合比：mixture mixture ratioratio 抗渗等级：seepage P8 seepage class:class:：P8 抗压强度：compression compression strength strength 混凝土保护层厚度：minimum concretecover砂：砂： sand 卵石： pebble 碎石：crushed crushed stone stone 砾石： gravel 骨料： aggregate水泥： cement 普通硅酸盐水泥：普通硅酸盐水泥：ordinary portland cement 粘土砖：clay clay brick brick 垫层：垫层： cushion装饰工程（抹灰、涂料、刷浆）装饰工程（抹灰、涂料、刷浆）1：2水泥砂浆20厚：厚： 1：2 cenment mortar thickness 20mm 找平层：levelingleveling blacket blacket 抹灰：plastering 抹平，找平：screeding 抹光，压光：trowel finish抹子：trowel抹灰底层：rendering rendering coat coat 抹灰罩面层：setting coat 灌缝： grout 填料： filling收水器：drift drift eliminator eliminator工艺管道：process pipe 套管：pipe pipe sleevesleeve壁厚：wall wall thickness thickness 翼环：plate plate ringring 石棉水泥：asbestos asbestos cement cement 油麻：油麻： oil-- hemp橡胶止水带：rubber water stop 密封胶：joint joint sealant sealant 填缝板：joint joint filler filler 沥青涂层：asphalt asphalt coating coating 镀锌铁皮：galvanized iron sheet四、测量四、测量 轴线： axes 坐标：coordinate标高：datum elevation; datum mark mark 中心标高：center center elevation elevation 相对标高：relative relative elevation elevation 绝对标高：absolute absolute elevation elevation 平面控制：plane plane control control 高程控制：elevation elevation controlcontrol 经纬仪： transit 水准仪：surveyor’s surveyor’s level level 水准点：bench bench mark mark 基准点，标高：datum datum markmark 坐标控制点：the coordinate control points 测杆：surveying surveying rod rod 钢卷尺：steel steel tape tape五、项目管理五、项目管理项目经理：Project Manager设计经理：Engineering Manager 施工经理：Construction Manager QA/QC 经理：QA/QC Manager HSE 经理：HSE Manager采购经理：Procurement Manager 控制经理：Control Manager 承包商: contractor 分包商: Subcontractor 分包合同：subcontract 项目计划：project plan（项目）设计计划：(project) engineering plan（项目）采购计划：(project) procurement plan（项目）施工计划：(project) construction plan（项目）开车计划：(project) start-up plan项目主进度计划：project master schedule详细进度计划：detailed schedule 进度控制：schedule control; progress control进度提前：ahead of schedule进度拖延：schedule delay 开车：start-up 试车：commissioning投料试车：Start-up; test run; initial operations用户验收，装置验收：Client acceptance;Plant acceptance六、招标、投标、合同六、招标、投标、合同 投标书Form : Form of of of Bid Bid 签署人：Signed by投标文件：The Bid Documents 商务标：confidential commercial bid 技术标：Technical Bid报价表：Cost Breakdown Sheet 投标确认书：Form of acknowledgement 投标邀请函（招标文件）：ITB Documents 投标邀请函:invitation invitation to to to bid bid 第一部分(节) ) :: section Ⅰ. 给投标人的指令：给投标人的指令： instruction to bidder section Ⅱ.合同协议书（草案）： contract agreement(draft) section Ⅲ.合同条件：conditions conditions ofof of contract contract section Ⅳ. 合同附件：合同附件： Appendix for the contract 投标保函：bid bond 履约保函：performance bind履约担保书：performance bank guarantee 授权委托书：power of attorney 委托代理人（被授权人）：Signature of Attorney法定代表人（授权人）：Signature of legal representative合同生效日期：Effective date of the contract合同终止：termination of contract 合同失效：frustration of contract 总价合同：lump-sum contract 【L-S 】 （固定）单价合同：(fixed) unit price contract偿付合同，成本加酬金合同：(cost) reimbursable contract; cost-plus(fee) contract 【C-P 】预付款：advance payment; down payment 保留金：retentin money 最终付款：final payment 未可预见费：contingency 七、施工七、施工开工会议：kick-off meeting施工组织设计：construction executionplan施工技术方案：technical proposal 工期：construction construction periodperiod 施工阶段：construction stage (phase) 施工进度：construction progress 工程进度款：progress payment 工程量：quantities工程造价：construction cost 工程预算：construction budget工日：man-day 工时：man-hour 工地, 施工现场：施工现场：Building Building site, site, site, construction construction construction site site安装工程：installation work 安装费：installation installation expenses expenses 施工单位：construction construction unitunit 安全帽：protective protective cap cap ，safety helmet 安全带：安全带： protecting band, safety belt七、施工机械设备七、施工机械设备 挖掘： excavate 挖土机： excavator履带式推土机：crawler dozer 履带式起重机：crawler crane 反铲挖土机：back back digger digger 挖沟机：trench trench digger digger 铲运机： scraper 压路机：road road roller roller 翻斗车：tipping tipping skip skip 自卸卡车：dumping dumping truck truck 洒水车： sprinkler 土方工程：earth earth work work 回填：back back fillfill 蛙式打夯机：frog frog rammer rammer 基坑：foundation pit 钢筋切断机：bar bar cutter cutter 钢筋弯曲机： angle--bender 调直机： straightener八、地基处理八、地基处理地基处理：ground treatment 复合地基：复合地基：地基承载力特征值：地基承载力特征值： 换填垫层法：换填垫层法：强夯：dynamic compaction振冲碎石桩：VCS. Piles (vibroflotation crushed stone piles)九、砼工程九、砼工程 脚手架： scaffold单排竖管脚手架：putlog scaffold 双排竖管脚手架：independent scaffold 管子脚手架：pipe scaffold 满堂脚手架：full framing 立杆：the the standing standing standing pole pole 扫地杆：ground ground bars bars 横杆：横杆： ledger防护栏：protective protective barrier, barrier, guard rail 脚手板：scaffold scaffold board board 扣件： coupler十字扣件：double coupler 旋转扣件：swivel coupler 套筒扣件：sleeve coupler 隔离剂：isolating isolating agent agent 钢筋加工：rebar rebar fabrication fabrication 钢筋连接：rebar rebar connection connection 铁丝：iron iron wire wire 绑扎绑扎 lashing 搭接：搭接： lap搭接接头：lap lap jointjoint焊接：焊接： welding 焊接接头：welded welded joint joint 搭接焊：lap lap welding welding 砂浆垫块mortar mortar block block制模，模板工程 formwork 模板： form组合钢模板：combined combined steel steel steel formwork formwork 模板配板：formwork formwork configuration configuration 模板支设：formwork formwork erection erection 模板接缝：模板接缝： the formwork joint 安装偏差：installation installation deviation deviation 起拱：arch arch camber camber 模板拆除：formwork formwork removal removal浇灌混凝土： cast concrete, placingconcrete, depositing concrete,concrete concrete pouring pouring泵送混凝土：pumping pumping ofof of concrete concrete 混凝土中心搅拌站：centralized centralized concreteconcrete mixing plant混凝土搅拌汽车；混凝土搅拌汽车； concrete mixer truck 混凝土搅拌concrete : concrete agitation agitation 振捣混凝土：vibrated vibrated concrete concrete 插入式振捣器：insertion insertion type type type vibrator vibrator 平板振动器：plate plate vibrator vibrator 抹子，泥刀： trowel 抹灰，抹光： toweling坍落度：slump两组试块：两组试块： two sets of testing blocks 混凝土见证取样：witness sampling of concrete混凝土施工缝处理：混凝土施工缝处理：treatment of concrete construction joint 初凝：initial initial setset 初凝时间：initial initial setting setting setting time time 终凝：final set终凝时间：final setting time拆除模板： form removal, form stripping 混凝土养护concrete concrete curing curing 草垫：straw straw mattress mattress 加热器：加热器： heater 温度计： thermometer 回填back back fillfill 回填夯实backfill backfill consolidation consolidation九、钢结构九、钢结构钢结构：steel steel structure structure涂层： coating 油漆，涂料： paint 底漆：paint paint primerprimer 中间漆：intermediate painting 面漆：finish finish coat coat透底： disclosure流坠： hanging 皱皮： wrinkle 漏涂： miss painting 返锈： rust again 漆膜厚度：film film thickness thickness 结构构件：structural structural member member 桁 架： truss垂直支撑：vertical bracing 小立柱： postWA325钢格板：WA325 WA325 grating grating 斜梁：斜梁： stringer 踏步板： treads踏步钢格板：踏步钢格板： grating for stair tread 钢梯：steel steel stairway stairway 斜梯栏杆：guard guard railsrails 不锈钢栏杆：不锈钢栏杆： stainless steel handrail 平台栏杆：平台栏杆： GR of platform 胀锚螺栓：expansion expansion bolts bolts 预制场地：prefabrication prefabrication area area 原材料：raw raw material material 半成品：semi-finished semi-finished goods goods 切割： cutting 打磨坡口： grinding除锈：remove remove rust, rust, cleaning 喷砂：sand sand blasting blasting 型钢：section section steelsteel 热轧工字钢：hot-rolled hot-rolled I-beam I-beam I-beam steel steel 热轧槽钢：hot-rolled hot-rolled channel channel channel steel steel 热轧H 型钢：hot-rolled hot-rolled HH H steel steel 热轧钢板：hot-rolled hot-rolled platesplates 热轧等边角钢：hot-rolled equal-leg anglesteel热轧不等边角钢：hot-rolled unequal-legangle steel无缝钢管：seamless seamless steel steel steel pipes pipes 不锈钢板：stainless stainless steel steel steel plate plate 扁 钢：钢： strap steel 垂直度： Verticality分片组装：分片组装： be assembled by sections 现场成框：framed framed at at at site site 焊缝：焊缝： weld seam 焊缝高度：weld weld height height 焊缝长度：weld weld length length V 型和U 型坡口： V-type and U-type bevel 焊枪：welding welding gun gun 焊机：welding welding machine machine 焊炬：welding welding torchtorch 气焊：gas gas welding welding 电焊：electric electric welding welding 手工焊：hand hand welding welding 自动和半自动电弧焊：自动和半自动电弧焊：automatic and semi-automatic welding 对焊：butt butt welding welding 角焊缝： fillet焊条：weld weld rod, rod, rod, electrode electrode 断续焊接：gap gap welding welding针孔： Pinhole 裂纹： Crack 夹渣： Slag 烧穿： Burning out 咬边： Undercut 漏焊： Losing welding 未焊透：Lack of fusion 弧坑： Concavity 磨光机：Grinding Grinding machine machine 打磨：打磨： Grind 半自动切割机：半自动切割机：Semi-automatic welding machine 火焰切割：Torch Torch cutting cutting 机械钻孔：机械钻孔： Drill by machine 焊条保温筒：Rod oven 喷砂除锈：The sand blasting 高强度大六角头螺栓连接副： Set of big hexagonal high-strength bolt 抗滑移系数：Slide coefficient of fayingsurface 扭矩系数： torsional momentcoefficient扭矩扳手：torsional torsional moment moment moment wrench wrench 电子轴力计：electronics electronics ergometer ergometer 万能材料试验机：testing machine 终拧扭矩：final torsional moment (N.m) 预拉力： prestressed十、蓄水试验十、蓄水试验蓄水试验water water filling filling filling test test 水深：水深： water depth 允许渗水量（L/m 2· d ）： bleed-off allowance水面面积：水面面积： water level area 湿润面积：wet wet area area 测读时间：reading reading time time 初读；start start reading reading 末读：end end readingreading 水位测针读数：water level meter reading 蒸发水箱水位测针读数：蒸发水箱水位测针读数：water level meter reading in the evaporation water box大气温度：atmosphere atmosphere temperature temperature 水温：water water temperature temperature 实际渗水量（L/m 2· d ）：actual water bleed-off十一、 地基检测十一、 地基检测青岛芳烃工程岩土工程勘察报告（2004堪-02）：The geotechnical investigation report in Qingdao aromatics complex project(2004kan-02)桩基低应变动力检测报告：桩基低应变动力检测报告：Inspection report of low staindynamic testing of pile基桩高应变动力检测 high straindynamic testing of piles单桩静载试验单桩静载试验 static test of single pile 单桩竖向抗压静载试验verticalcompression bearing capacity static test for single pile单桩水平静载试验：lateral bearing capacity static test for single pile 单桩竖向抗拔静载试验：verticalup-lifting bearing capacity static test for single pile单桩竖向抗压极限承载力：verticalultimate compress bearing capacity for a single pile桩侧摩阻力：skin friction resistance 桩端阻力：end bearing resistance单桩水平极限承载力：ultimate lateral bearing capacity for a single pile 桩顶水平位移：lateral displacement单桩竖向抗拔极限承载力：ultimatevertical up-lifting bearing capacity for a single pile 工程地质概况：工程地质概况：engineering conditions of soils 素填土：素填土： Plain Fill 粉质粘土：Silty Silty Clay Clay 粉土： Silt淤泥质粉质粘土：Sludgy Silty Clay 粉砂：Silty Sand 中粗砂medium medium sand sand 中细砂fine fine sand sand高压缩性：high high compressibility compressibility 中等压缩性：medium medium compressibility compressibility 低压缩性：low low compressibility compressibility可塑~硬塑状态：plastic-hard plastic-hard plastic plastic 流塑状态：flow flow plastic plastic 局部软塑状态：partly partly soft soft soft plastic plastic 饱和 saturated 松散 incompact泥质粉砂岩：Muddy Muddy Silty Silty Silty stone stone 粉砂质泥岩：Silty Silty mudstone mudstone 泥岩： Mudstone强风化：high high weatheredweathered 中等风化：medium medium weathered weathered 反射波法：method method of reflection of reflection wave wave 波形曲线变化特征：波形曲线变化特征：Change characteristics of wave curve 轻微裂缝：slight slight defective defective defective pile pile 桩身完整：桩身完整： pile of body integrity 缺陷：缺陷： defect断桩：breakage breakage ofof of pile pile 扩颈：enlargement enlargement of of of pile pile pile diameter diameter 缩颈：pile pile diameterdiameter diameter reduction reduction夹泥：slurry slurry mixture mixture 离析：concrete concrete segregation segregation十、质量检查验收十、质量检查验收质量控制点：quality control point 地基验槽：ground inspection 平面放线：plane setting out钢筋验收：Steel rebar acceptanceinspection模板验收： formwork acceptanceinspection混凝土见证取样：witness sampling ofconcrete剪力墙：shear wall 基础：foundation 剪力：shear剪切变形：shear deformation 剪切模量：shear modulus 拉力：tension压力：pressure延伸率：percentage of elongation 位移：displacement 应力：stress 应变：strain应力集中：concentration of stresses 应力松弛：stress relaxation 应力图：stress diagram应力应变曲线：stress-strain curve 应力状态：state of stress钢丝：steel wire箍筋：hoop reinforcement 箍筋间距：stirrup spacing 加载：loading抗压强度：compressive strength 抗弯强度：bending strength 抗扭强度：torsional strength 抗拉强度：tensile strength 裂缝：crack 屈服：yield 屈服点：yield point 屈服荷载：yield load 屈服极限：limit of yielding 屈服强度：yield strength屈服强度下限：lower limit of yield 荷载：load横截面：cross section 承载力：bearing capacity 承重结构：bearing structure 弹性模量：elastic modulus预应力钢筋混凝土：prestressed reinforced concrete预应力钢筋：prestressed reinforcement 预应力损失：loss of prestress 预制板：precast slab现浇钢筋混凝土结构：cast-in-place reinforced concrete双向配筋：two-way reinforcement 主梁：main beam次梁：secondary beam弯矩：moment悬臂梁：cantilever beam延性：ductileity受弯构件：member in bending受拉区：tensile region受压区：compressive region塑性：plasticity轴向压力：axial pressure轴向拉力：axial tension吊车梁：crane beam可靠性：reliability粘结力：cohesive force外力：external force弯起钢筋：bent-up bar弯曲破坏：bending failure屋架：roof truss素混凝土：non-reinforced concrete无梁楼盖：flat slab配筋率：reinforcement ratio配箍率：stirrup ratio泊松比：Poisson’s ratio偏心受拉：eccentric tension偏心受压：eccentric compression 偏心距：eccentric distance 疲劳强度：fatigue strength 偏心荷载：eccentric load跨度：span跨高比：span-to-depth ratio 跨中荷载：mid-span load框架结构：frame structure集中荷载：concentrated load 分布荷载：distribution load 分布钢筋：distribution steel 挠度：deflection设计荷载：design load设计强度：design strength构造：construction简支梁：simple beam截面面积：area of section浇注：pouring浇注混凝土：concreting钢筋搭接：bar splicing刚架：rigid frame脆性：brittleness脆性破坏：brittle failure十一、交工技术文件十一、交工技术文件交工技术文件technical document for construction completion工程材料：construction material 出厂合格证：Ex-work quality certificate 钢材性能检测报告：steel materialperformance testing report 钢材试验报告：steel testing reportinspection十二、办公用品十二、办公用品 订书机订书机 stapler 订书钉订书钉 staple 复印机 copier,Copy machine, photocopier复印纸copying copying paper paper 打印机打印机 printer土建专业常用规范：土建专业常用规范：◆《先张法预应力混凝土管桩》(GB13476-1999)Pretensioned spun concrete piles(GB13476-1999)◆ 《预应力混凝土管桩》(03SG409)Prestressed spun concrete piles (03SG409)◆ 《建筑桩基技术规范》(JGJ94-94) Technical code for building pile foundation (JGJ94-94)◆ 《混凝土质量控制标准》(GB50164-1992)Standard of Concrete Quality Control (GB50164-1992)◆ 《建筑地基基础设计规范》(GB 50007-2002)Code for design of building foundation (GB50007-2002)◆《建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范》(GB 50202-2002)Code for acceptance of construction quality of foundation engineering (GB 50202-2002)◆《建筑地基处理技术规范》(JGJ79-2002 J220-2002)Technical code for ground treatment of buildings◆ 《建筑基桩检测技术规范》Technical code for testing of building foundation piles (JGJ106-2003 J256-2003)◆ 《基桩低应变动力检测规程》(JGJ/T 93-95)Specification for low strain dynamic testing of piles (JGJ/T 93-95)◆《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》(GB 50204-2002)Code for acceptance of construction quality of concrete structures (GB 50204-2002)◆《建筑防腐蚀工程施工及验收规范》(GB 50212-2002) Code for construction and acceptance of building corrosion prevention works (GB-50212-2002) ◆ 《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》(GB50300-2001)Unified standard for constructional quality acceptance of building engineering ◆ 《钢结构工程施工质量验收规范》(GB 50205-2001)Code for acceptance of construction quality of steel structures◆ 《建筑钢结构焊接技术规程》(JGJ81-2002)Technical specification for Welding of steel structure of building十二、现场十二、现场1．That construction site is very dangerous.Keep away from it. 建筑工地很危险，不要靠近。
土木工程英语专业词汇小集
土木工程专业词汇使用须知：请使用Ctrl+F进行搜索，方便查阅！土木（Civil），土木工程（Civil engineering），规划（planning），设计（design），施工（construction），结构（structures），土木工程师（Civil engineers），公共设施（public facilities），隧道（tunnels），大坝（dams），海港（harbors），电厂（power plants），给水（water），排水（sewage），公共交通（mass transit），管线（pipelines），工业的（industrial）、商业的（commercial），住宅的（residential），大型结构（large structures），专业（specialties），专业人员（specialists），电力管线（power lines），场地（site），测量（survey），绘（地形）图（map），岩土的（geotechnical），土工试验（soil experiments），环境的（environmental），地下水（groundwater ），交通（transportation ），结构的（structural），详细设计（detailed designs），设计图（plans），（设计）说明（specifications），施工管理（construction management），监督（supervise），协调（coordinate），材料（materials），人工（labor），费用（costs），估算（estimate）结构工程（structural engineering），设备基础（supports for equipment），滨海（offshore），项目（projects），特种结构（special structures ），发射塔（transmission towers），承受（resist），外力（forces ），自重（the own weight），风（wind），飓风（hurricane），温度（temperature），膨胀（expand），收缩（contract），地震（earthquake），砼（concrete），沥青（asphalt），砖（brick），水利工程（water resources engineering），防洪（prevent floods），供水（supply water ），灌溉（irrigation），维护（maintain ），运河（canals），水闸（locks），大型水电坝（huge hydroelectric dams），水围堰（water impoundments ），岩土工程（Geotechnical engineering），岩土特性分析（analyze the properties of soils and rocks），沉降（settlement），估计（evaluate），加强（strengthen），坡体（slopes），填土（fills），稳定（stability），结构抗震（protect structures against earthquakes），环境工程（environmental engineering），处理（treatment），指定倾倒场（special dump sites），清洁垃圾填埋（sanitary landfills），交通工程（transportation engineering），城市规划师（urban planners），管道工程（Pipeline engineering），安装（installation），强度（strength），压力（pressure）运输工程（transportation engineering），城市规划师（urban planners），管道工程（Pipeline engineering），安装（installation），强度（strength），压力（pressure），施工工程（construction engineering），业主（owners），小区与城市规划（Community and urban planning），开发（develop），摄像（Photogrametry），工程管理（engineering management），工程教学（engineering teaching），咨询（consultants）。
常用土木工程专业英语词汇大全
常用土木工程专业英语Aacceptable quality 合格质量acceptance lot 验收批量aciera 钢材admixture 外加剂against slip coefficient between friction surface of high-strength bolted connection 高强度螺栓摩擦面抗滑移系数aggregate 骨料air content 含气量air-dried timber 气干材allowable ratio of height to sectional thickness of masonry wall or column 砌体墙、柱容许高厚比allowable slenderness ratio of steel member 钢构件容许长细比allowable slenderness ratio of timber compression member 受压木构件容许长细比allowable stress range of fatigue 疲劳容许应力幅allowable ultimate tensile strain of reinforcement 钢筋拉应变限值allowable value of crack width 裂缝宽度容许值allowable value of deflection of structural member 构件挠度容许值allowable value of deflection of timber bending member 受弯木构件挠度容许值allowable value of deformation of steel member 钢构件变形容许值allowable value of deformation of structural member 构件变形容许值allowable value of drift angle of earthquake resistant structure 抗震结构层间位移角限值amplified coefficient of eccentricity 偏心距增大系数anchorage 锚具anchorage length of steel bar 钢筋锚固长度approval analysis during construction stage 施工阶段验算arch 拱arch with tie rod 拉捍拱arch—shaped roof truss 拱形屋架area of shear plane 剪面面积area of transformed section 换算截面面积aseismic design 建筑抗震设计assembled monolithic concrete structure 装配整体式混凝土结构automatic welding 自动焊接auxiliary steel bar 架立钢筋Bbackfilling plate 垫板balanced depth of compression zone 界限受压区高度balanced eccentricity 界限偏心距bar splice 钢筋接头bark pocket 夹皮batten plate 缀板beam 次梁bearing plane of notch 齿承压面(67)bearing plate 支承板(52)bearing stiffener 支承加劲肋(52)bent-up steel bar 弯起钢筋(35)block 砌块(43)block masonry 砌块砌体(44)block masonry structure 砌块砌体结构(41)blow hole 气孔(62)board 板材(65)bolt 螺栓(54)bolted connection (钢结构)螺栓连接(59)bolted joint (木结构)螺栓连接(69)bolted steel structure 螺栓连接钢结构(50)bonded prestressed concrete structure 有粘结预应力混凝土结构(24) bow 顺弯(71)brake member 制动构件(7)breadth of wall between windows 窗间墙宽度(46)brick masonry 砖砌体(44)brick masonry column 砖砌体柱(42)brick masonry structure 砖砌体结构(41)brick masonry wall 砖砌体墙(42)broad—leaved wood 阔叶树材(65)building structural materials 建筑结构材料(17)building structural unit 建筑结构单元(building structure 建筑结构(2built—up steel column 格构式钢柱(51bundled tube structure 成束筒结构(3burn—through 烧穿(62butt connection 对接(59butt joint 对接(70)butt weld 对接焊缝(60)Ccalculating area of compression member 受压构件计算面积(67) calculating overturning point 计算倾覆点(46)calculation of load-carrying capacity of member 构件承载能力计算(10) camber of structural member 结构构件起拱(22)cantilever beam 挑梁(42)cap of reinforced concrete column 钢筋混凝土柱帽(27)carbonation of concrete 混凝土碳化(30)cast-in—situ concrete slab column structure 现浇板柱结构cast-in—situ concrete structure 现浇混凝土结构(25)cavitation 孔洞(39)cavity wall 空斗墙(42)cement 水泥(27)cement content 水泥含量(38)cement mortar 水泥砂浆(43)characteriseic value of live load on floor or roof 楼面、屋面活荷载标准值(14)characteristi cvalue o fwindload 风荷载标准值(16)characteristic value of concrete compressive strength 混凝土轴心抗压强度标准值(30) characteristic value of concrete tensile strength 混凝土轴心抗拉标准值(30)characteristic value of cubic concrete compressive strength 混凝土立方体抗压强度标准值(29) characteristic value of earthquake action 地震作用标准值(16)characteristic value of horizontal crane load 吊车水平荷载标准值(15)characteristic value of masonry strength 砌体强度标准值(44)characteristic value of permanent action• 永久作用标准值(14)characteristic value of snowload 雪荷载标准值(15)characteristic value of strength of steel 钢材强度标准值(55)characteristic value of strength of steel bar 钢筋强度标准值(31)characteristic value of uniformly distributed live load 均布活标载标准值(14)characteristic value of variable action 可变作用标准值(14)characteristic value of vertical crane load 吊车竖向荷载标准值(15)charaeteristic value of material strength 材料强度标准值(18)checking section of log structural member•，原木构件计算截面(67)chimney 烟囱(3)circular double—layer suspended cable 圆形双层悬索(6)circular single—layer suspended cable 圆形单层悬索(6)circumferential weld 环形焊缝(60)classfication for earthquake—resistance of buildings• 建筑结构抗震设防类别(9)clear height 净高(21)clincher 扒钉(?0)coefficient of equivalent bending moment of eccentrically loaded steel memher(beam-column) 钢压弯构件等效弯矩系数(58)cold bend inspection of steelbar 冷弯试验(39)cold drawn bar 冷拉钢筋(28)cold drawn wire 冷拉钢丝(29)cold—formed thin—walled sectionsteel 冷弯薄壁型钢(53)cold-formed thin-walled steel structure•‘ 冷弯薄壁型钢结构(50)cold—rolled deformed bar 冷轧带肋钢筋(28)column bracing 柱间支撑(7)combination value of live load on floor or roof 楼面、屋面活荷载组合值(15)compaction 密实度(37)compliance control 合格控制(23)composite brick masonry member 组合砖砌体构件(42)composite floor system 组合楼盖(8)composite floor with profiled steel sheet 压型钢板楼板(8)composite mortar 混合砂浆(43)composite roof truss 组合屋架(8)compostle member 组合构件(8)compound stirrup 复合箍筋(36)compression member with large eccentricity• 大偏心受压构件(32) compression member with small eccentricity• 小偏心受压构件(32) compressive strength at an angle with slope of grain 斜纹承压强度(66) compressive strength perpendicular to grain 横纹承压强度(66) concentration of plastic deformation 塑性变形集中(9)conceptual earthquake—resistant design 建筑抗震概念设计(9) concrete 混凝土(17)concrete column 混凝土柱(26)concrete consistence 混凝土稠度(37)concrete floded—plate structure 混凝土折板结构(26)concrete foundation 混凝土基础(27)concrete mix ratio 混凝土配合比(38)concrete wall 混凝土墙(27)concrete-filled steel tubular member 钢管混凝土构件(8)conifer 针叶树材(65)coniferous wood 针叶树材(65)connecting plate 连接板(52)connection 连接(21)connections of steel structure 钢结构连接(59)connections of timber structure 木结构连接(68)consistency of mortar 砂浆稠度(48)constant cross—section column 等截面柱(7)construction and examination concentrated load 施工和检修集中荷载(15) continuous weld 连续焊缝(60)core area of section 截面核芯面积(33)core tube supported structure 核心筒悬挂结构(3)corrosion of steel bar 钢筋锈蚀(39)coupled wall 连肢墙(12)coupler 连接器(37)coupling wall—beam 连梁(12)coupling wall—column... 墙肢(12)coursing degree of mortar 砂浆分层度(48)cover plate 盖板(52)covered electrode 焊条(54)crack 裂缝(?0)crack resistance 抗裂度(31)crack width 裂缝宽度(31)crane girder 吊车梁(?)crane load 吊车荷载(15)creep of concrete 混凝土徐变(30)crook 横弯(71)cross beam 井字梁(6)cup 翘弯curved support 弧形支座(51)cylindrical brick arch 砖筒拱(43)Ddecay 腐朽(71)decay prevention of timber structure 木结构防腐(70)defect in timber 木材缺陷(70)deformation analysis 变形验算(10)degree of gravity vertical for structure or structural member• 结构构件垂直度(40) degree of gravity vertical forwall surface 墙面垂直度(49)degree of plainness for structural memer 构件平整度(40)degree of plainness for wall surface 墙面平整度(49)depth of compression zone 受压区高度(32)depth of neutral axis 中和轴高度(32)depth of notch 齿深(67)design of building structures 建筑结构设计(8)design value of earthquake-resistant strength of materials 材料抗震强度设计值(1 design value of load—carrying capacity of members• 构件承载能力设计值(1 designations 0f steel 钢材牌号(53designvalue of material strength 材料强度设计值(1destructive test 破损试验(40detailing reintorcement 构造配筋(35detailing requirements 构造要求(22diamonding 菱形变形(71)diaphragm 横隔板(52dimensional errors 尺寸偏差(39)distribution factor of snow pressure 屋面积雪分布系数dogspike 扒钉(70)double component concrete column 双肢柱(26)dowelled joint 销连接(69)down-stayed composite beam 下撑式组合粱(8)ductile frame 延性框架(2)dynamic design 动态设计(8)Eearthquake-resistant design 抗震设计(9：earthquake-resistant detailing requirements 抗震构造要求(22)effective area of fillet weld 角焊缝有效面积(57)effective depth of section 截面有效高度(33)effective diameter of bolt or high-strength bolt• 螺栓(或高强度螺栓)有效直径(57) effective height 计算高度(21)effective length 计算长度(21)effective length of fillet weld 角焊缝有效计算长度(48)effective length of nail 钉有效长度(56)effective span 计算跨度(21)effective supporting length at end of beam 梁端有效支承长度(46)effective thickness of fillet weld 角焊缝有效厚度(48)elastic analysis scheme 弹性方案(46)elastic foundation beam 弹性地基梁(11)elastic foundation plate 弹性地基板(12)elastically supported continuous girder• 弹性支座连续梁(u)elasticity modulus of materials 材料弹性模量(18)elongation rate 伸长率(15)embeded parts 预埋件(30)enhanced coefficient of local bearing strength of materials• 局部抗压强度提高系数(14) entrapped air 含气量(38)equilibrium moisture content 平衡含水率(66)equivalent slenderness ratio 换算长细比(57)equivalent uniformly distributed live load• 等效均布活荷载(14)etlectlve cross—section area of high-strength bolt• 高强度螺栓的有效截面积(58) ettectlve cross—section area of bolt 螺栓有效截面面积(57)euler's critical load 欧拉临界力(56)euler's critical stress 欧拉临界应力(56)excessive penetration 塌陷(62)Ffiber concrete 纤维混凝仁(28)filler plate 填板门2)fillet weld 角焊缝(61)final setting time 终凝时间()finger joint 指接(69)fired common brick 烧结普通砖(43)fish eye 白点(62)fish—belly beam 角腹式梁(7)fissure 裂缝(?0)flexible connection 柔性连接(22)flexural rigidity of section 截面弯曲刚度(19)flexural stiffness of member 构件抗弯刚度(20)floor plate 楼板(6)floor system 楼盖(6)four sides(edges)supported plate 四边支承板(12)frame structure 框架结构(2)frame tube structure 单框筒结构(3)frame tube structure 框架—简体结构(2)frame with sidesway 有侧移框架(12)frame without sidesway 无侧移框架(12)frange plate 翼缘板(52)friction coefficient of masonry 砌体摩擦系数(44)full degree of mortar at bed joint 砂浆饱满度(48)function of acceptance 验收函数(23)Ggang nail plate joint 钉板连接()glue used for structural timberg 木结构用胶glued joint 胶合接头glued laminated timber 层板胶合木(¨)glued laminated timber structure 层板胶合结构‘61)grider 主梁((㈠grip 夹具grith weld 环形焊缝(6÷))groove 坡口gusset plate 节点板(52)Hhanger 吊环hanging steel bar 吊筋heartwood 心材heat tempering bar 热处理钢筋(28)height variation factor of wind pressure 风压高度变化系数(16) heliral weld 螺旋形僻缝high—strength bolt 高强度螺栓high—strength bolt with large hexagon bea 大六角头高强度螺栓high—strength bolted bearing type join 承压型高强度螺栓连接，high—strength bolted connection 高强度螺栓连接high—strength bolted friction—type joint 摩擦型高强度螺栓连接high—strength holted steel slsteel structure 高强螺栓连接钢结构hinge support 铰轴支座(51)hinged connection 铰接(21)hlngeless arch 无铰拱(12)hollow brick 空心砖(43)hollow ratio of masonry unit 块体空心率(46)honeycomb 蜂窝(39)hook 弯钩(37)hoop 箍筋(36)hot—rolled deformed bar 热轧带肋钢筋(28)hot—rolled plain bar 热轧光圆钢筋(28)hot-rolled section steel 热轧型钢(53)hunched beam 加腋梁(?)Iimpact toughness 冲击韧性(18)impermeability 抗渗性(38)inclined section 斜截面(33)inclined stirrup 斜向箍筋(36)incomplete penetration 未焊透(61)incomplete tusion 未溶合(61)incompletely filled groove 未焊满(61)indented wire 刻痕钢丝(29)influence coefficient for load—bearing capacity of compression member 受压构件承载能力影响系数(46)influence coefficient for spacial action 空间性能影响系数(46)initial control 初步控制(22)insect prevention of timber structure 木结构防虫(?o)inspection for properties of glue used in structural member 结构用胶性能检验(71)inspection for properties of masnory units 块体性能检验(48)inspection for properties of mortar 砂浆性能检验(48)inspection for properties of steelbar 钢筋性能检验(39)integral prefabricated prestressed concrete slab—column structure 整体预应力板柱结构(25) intermediate stiffener 中间加劲肋(53)intermittent weld 断续焊缝(60)Jjoint of reinforcement 钢筋接头(35)Kkey joint 键连接(69)kinetic design 动态设计(8)knot 节子(木节)(70)Llaced of battened compression member 格构式钢柱(51)lacing and batten elements 缀材(缀件)(51)lacing bar 缀条(51)lamellar tearing 层状撕裂(62)lap connectlon 叠接(搭接)(59)lapped length of steel bar 钢筋搭接长度(36)large pannel concrete structure 混凝土大板结构(25)large-form cocrete structure 大模板结构(26)lateral bending 侧向弯曲(40)lateral displacement stiffness of storey 楼层侧移刚度(20)lateral displacement stiffness of structure• 结构侧移刚度(20)lateral force resistant wallstructure 抗侧力墙体结构(12)leg size of fillet weld 角焊缝焊脚尺寸(57)length of shear plane 剪面长度(67)lift—slab structure 升板结构(25)light weight aggregate concrete 轻骨料混凝土(28)limit of acceptance 验收界限(23)limitimg value for local dimension of masonry structure• 砌体结构局部尺寸限值(47)limiting value for sectional dimension 截面尺寸限值(47)limiting value for supporting length 支承长度限值(47)limiting value for total height of masonry structure• 砌体结构总高度限值(47)linear expansion coeffcient 线膨胀系数(18)lintel 过梁(7)load bearing wall 承重墙(7)load-carrying capacity per bolt 单个普通螺栓承载能力(56)load—carrying capacity per high—strength holt 单个高强螺桂承载能力(56)load—carrying capacity per rivet 单个铆钉承载能力(55)log 原木(65)log timberstructure 原木结构(64)long term rigidity of member 构件长期刚度(32)longitude horizontal bracing 纵向水平支撑(5)longitudinal steel bar 纵向钢筋(35)longitudinal stiffener 纵向加劲肋(53)longitudinal weld 纵向焊缝(60)losses of prestress ‘预应力损失(33)lump material 块体(42)Mmain axis 强轴(56)main beam• 主梁(6)major axis 强轴(56)manual welding 手工焊接(59)manufacture control 生产控制(22)map cracking 龟裂(39)masonry 砌体(17)masonry lintel 砖过梁(43)masonry member 无筋砌体构件(41)masonry units 块体(43)masonry—concrete structure 砖混结构(¨)masonry—timber structure 砖木结构(11)mechanical properties of materials• 材料力学性能(17)melt—thru 烧穿(62)method of sampling 抽样方法(23)minimum strength class of masonry 砌体材料最低强度等级(47)minor axls• 弱轴(56)mix ratio of mortar 砂浆配合比(48)mixing water 拌合水(27)modified coefficient for allowable ratio of height to sectionalthickness of masonry wall 砌体墙容许高厚比修正系数(47)modified coefficient of flexural strength for timber curved mem— 弧形木构件抗弯强度修正系数(68)modulus of elasticity of concrete 混凝土弹性模量(30)modulus of elasticity parellel to grain 顺纹弹性模量(66)moisture content 含水率(66)moment modified factor 弯矩调幅系数monitor frame 天窗架mortar 砂浆multi—defence system of earthquake—resistant building• 多道设防抗震建筑multi—tube supported suspended structure 多筒悬挂结构Nnailed joint 钉连接，net height 净高lnet span 净跨度net water／cementratio 净水灰比non-destructive inspection of weld 焊缝无损检验non-destructive test 非破损检验non-load—bearingwall 非承重墙non—uniform cross—section beam 变截面粱non—uniformly distributed strain coefficient of longitudinal tensile reinforcement 纵向受拉钢筋应变不均匀系数normal concrete 普通混凝土normal section 正截面notch and tooth joint 齿连接number of sampling 抽样数量Oobligue section 斜截面oblique—angle fillet weld 斜角角焊缝one—way reinforced(or prestressed)concrete slab‘‘ 单向板open web roof truss 空腹屋架，ordinary concrete 普通混凝土(28)ordinary steel bar 普通钢筋(29)orthogonal fillet weld 直角角焊缝(61)outstanding width of flange 翼缘板外伸宽度(57)outstanding width of stiffener 加劲肋外伸宽度(57)over-all stability reduction coefficient of steel beam• 钢梁整体稳定系数(58)overlap 焊瘤(62)overturning or slip resistance analysis 抗倾覆、滑移验算(10)Ppadding plate 垫板(52)partial penetrated butt weld 不焊透对接焊缝(61)partition 非承重墙(7)penetrated butt weld 透焊对接焊缝(60)percentage of reinforcement 配筋率(34)perforated brick 多孔砖(43)pilastered wall 带壁柱墙(42)pit• 凹坑(62)pith 髓心(?o)plain concrete structure 素混凝土结构(24)plane hypothesis 平截面假定(32)plane structure 平面结构(11)plane trussed lattice grids 平面桁架系网架(5)plank 板材(65)plastic adaption coefficient of cross—section 截面塑性发展系数(58)plastic design of steel structure 钢结构塑性设计(56)plastic hinge• 塑性铰(13)plastlcity coefficient of reinforced concrete member in tensile zone 受拉区混凝土塑性影响系数(34)plate—like space frame 干板型网架(5)plate—like space truss 平板型网架(5)plug weld 塞焊缝(60)plywood 胶合板(65)plywood structure 胶合板结构(64)pockmark 麻面(39)polygonal top-chord roof truss 多边形屋架(4)post—tensioned prestressed concrete structure 后张法预应力混凝土结构(24)precast reinforced concrete member 预制混凝土构件(26)prefabricated concrete structure 装配式混凝土结构(25)presetting time 初凝时间(38)prestressed concrete structure 预应力混凝土结构(24)prestressed steel structure 预应力钢结构(50)prestressed tendon 预应力筋<29)pre—tensioned prestressed concrete structure• 先张法预应力混凝土结构(24)primary control 初步控制(22)production control 生产控制(22)properties of fresh concrete 可塑混凝土性能(37)properties of hardened concrete 硬化混凝土性能(38)property of building structural materials 建筑结构材料性能(17)purlin“—””— 檩条(4)Qqlue timber structurer 胶合木结构(㈠)quality grade of structural timber 木材质量等级(?0)quality grade of weld 焊缝质量级别(61)quality inspection of bolted connection 螺栓连接质量检验(63)quality inspection of masonry 砌体质量检验(48)quality inspection of riveted connection 铆钉连接质量检验(63)quasi—permanent value of live load on floor or roof，楼面、屋面活荷载准永久值(15)Rradial check 辐裂(70)ratio of axial compressive force to axial compressive ultimate capacity of section 轴压比(35)ratio of height to sectional thickness of wall or column 砌体墙柱高、厚比(48)ratio of reinforcement 配筋率(34)ratio of shear span to effective depth of section 剪跨比(35)redistribution of internal force 内力重分布(13)reducing coefficient of compressive strength in sloping grain for bolted connection 螺栓连接斜纹承压强度降低系数(68)reducing coefficient of liveload 活荷载折减系数(14)reducing coefficient of shearing strength for notch and tooth connection 齿连接抗剪强度降低系数(68)regular earthquake—resistant building 规则抗震建筑(9) reinforced concrete deep beam 混凝土深梁(26) reinforced concrete slender beam 混凝土浅梁(26) reinforced concrete structure 钢筋混凝土结构(24) reinforced masonry structure 配筋砌体结构(41) reinforcement ratio 配筋率(34)reinforcement ratio per unit volume 体积配筋率(35) relaxation of prestressed tendon 预应筋松弛(31) representative value of gravity load 重力荷载代表值(17) resistance to abrasion 耐磨性(38)resistance to freezing and thawing 抗冻融性(39) resistance to water penetration• 抗渗性(38)reveal of reinforcement 露筋(39)right—angle filletweld 直角角焊缝(61)rigid analysis scheme 刚性方案(45)rigid connection 刚接(21)rigid transverse wall 刚性横墙(42)rigid zone 刚域(13)rigid-elastic analysis scheme 刚弹性方案(45)rigidity of section 截面刚度(19)rigidly supported continous girder 刚性支座连续梁(11) ring beam 圈梁(42)rivet 铆钉(55)riveted connecction 铆钉连接(60)riveted steel beam 铆接钢梁(52)riveted steel girder 铆接钢梁(52)riveted steel structure 铆接钢结构(50)rolle rsupport 滚轴支座(51)rolled steel beam 轧制型钢梁(51)roof board 屋面板(3)roof bracing system 屋架支撑系统(4)roof girder 屋面梁(4)roof plate 屋面板(3)roof slab 屋面板(3)roof system 屋盖(3)roof truss 屋架(4)rot 腐朽(71)round wire 光圆钢丝(29)Ssafety classes of building structures 建筑结构安全等级(9) safetybolt 保险螺栓(69)sapwood 边材(65)sawn lumber+A610 方木(65)sawn timber structure 方木结构(64)saw-tooth joint failure 齿缝破坏(45)scarf joint 斜搭接(70)seamless steel pipe 无缝钢管(54)seamless steel tube 无缝钢管(54)second moment of area of tranformed section 换算截面惯性矩(34) second order effect due to displacement 挠曲二阶效应(13) secondary axis 弱轴(56)secondary beam 次粱(6)section modulus of transformed section 换算截面模量(34) section steel 型钢(53)semi-automatic welding 半自动焊接(59)separated steel column 分离式钢柱(51)setting time 凝结时间(38)shake 环裂(70)shaped steel 型钢(53)shapefactorofwindload 风荷载体型系数(16)shear plane 剪面(67)shearing rigidity of section 截面剪变刚度(19)shearing stiffness of member 构件抗剪刚度(20)short stiffener 短加劲肋(53)short term rigidity of member 构件短期刚度(31)shrinkage 干缩(71)shrinkage of concrete 混凝干收缩(30)silos 贮仓(3)skylight truss 天窗架(4)slab 楼板(6)slab—column structure 板柱结构(2)slag inclusion 夹渣(61)sloping grain ‘斜纹(70)slump 坍落度(37)snow reference pressure 基本雪压(16)solid—web steel column 实腹式钢柱(space structure 空间结构(11)space suspended cable 悬索(5)spacing of bars 钢筋间距(33)spacing of rigid transverse wall 刚性横墙间距(46)spacing of stirrup legs 箍筋肢距(33)spacing of stirrups 箍筋间距(33)specified concrete 特种混凝上(28)spiral stirrup 螺旋箍筋(36)spiral weld 螺旋形焊缝(60)split ringjoint 裂环连接(69)square pyramid space grids 四角锥体网架(5)stability calculation 稳定计算(10)stability reduction coefficient of axially loaded compression 轴心受压构件稳定系数<13) stair 楼梯(8)static analysis scheme of building 房屋静力汁算方案(45)static design 房屋静力汁算方案(45)statically determinate structure 静定结构(11)statically indeterminate structure 超静定结构(11)sted 钢材(17)steel bar 钢筋(28)steel column component 钢柱分肢(51)steel columnbase 钢柱脚(51)steel fiber reinforced concrete structure• 钢纤维混凝土结构(26)steel hanger 吊筋(37)steel mesh reinforced brick masonry member 方格网配筋砖砌体构件(41)steel pipe 钢管(54)steel plate 钢板(53)steel plateelement 钢板件(52)steel strip 钢带(53)steel support 钢支座(51)steel tie 拉结钢筋(36)steel tie bar for masonry 砌体拉结钢筋(47)steel tube 钢管(54)steel tubular structure 钢管结构(50)steel wire 钢丝(28)stepped column 阶形柱(7)stiffener 加劲肋(52)stiffness of structural member 构件刚度(19)stiffness of transverse wall 横墙刚度(45)stirrup 箍筋(36)stone 石材(44)stone masonry 石砌体(44)stone masonry structure 石砌体结构(41)storev height 层高(21)straight—line joint failure 通缝破坏(45)straightness of structural member 构件乎直度(71)strand 钢绞线(2，)strength classes of masonry units 块体强度等级(44)strength classes of mortar 砂浆强度等级(44)strength classes of structural steel 钢材强度等级(55)strength classes of structural timber 木材强度等级(66)strength classes(grades) of concrete 混凝土强度等级(29)strength classes(grades) of prestressed tendon 预应力筋强度等级(30)strength classes(grades) of steel bar 普通钢筋强度等级(30)strength of structural timber parallel to grain 木材顺纹强度(66)strongaxis 强轴(56)structural system composed of bar ”杆系结构(11)structural system composed of plate 板系结构(12)structural wall 结构墙(7)superposed reinforced concrete flexural member 叠合式混凝土受弯构件(26) suspended crossed cable net 双向正交索网结构(6)suspended structure 悬挂结构(3)swirl grain 涡纹(?1)Ttensile(compressive) rigidity of section 截面拉伸(压缩)刚度(19)tensile(compressive) stiffness of member 构件抗拉(抗压)刚度(20)tensile(ultimate) strength of steel 钢材(钢筋)抗拉(极限)强度(18)test for properties of concrete structural members 构件性能检验(40)：thickness of concrete cover 混凝土保护层厚度(33)thickness of mortarat bed joint 水平灰缝厚度(49)thin shell 薄壳(6)three hinged arch 三铰拱(n)tie bar 拉结钢筋(36)tie beam，‘ 系梁(22)tie tod 系杆(5)tied framework 绑扎骨架(35)timber 木材(17)timber roof truss 木屋架(64)tor-shear type high-strength bolt 扭剪型高强度螺栓(54)torsional rigidity of section 截面扭转刚度(19)torsional stiffness of member 构件抗扭刚度(20)total breadth of structure 结构总宽度(21)total height of structure 结构总高度(21)total length of structure 结构总长度(21)transmission length of prestress 预应力传递长度(36)transverse horizontal bracing 横向水平支撑(4)transverse stiffener• 横向加劲肋(53)transverse weld 横向焊缝(60)transversely distributed steelbar 横向分布钢筋(36)trapezoid roof truss 梯形屋架(4)triangular pyramid space grids 三角锥体网架(5)triangular roof truss 三角形屋架(4)trussed arch 椽架(64)trussed rafter 桁架拱(5)tube in tube structure 筒中筒结构(3)tube structure 简体结构(2)twist 扭弯(71)two hinged arch 双铰拱(11)two sides(edges) supported plate 两边支承板(12)two—way reinforced (or prestressed) concrete slab 混凝土双向板(27)Uultimate compressive strain of concrete’” 混凝土极限压应变(31)unbonded prestressed concrete structure 无粘结预应力混凝土结构(25)undercut 咬边(62)uniform cross—section beam 等截面粱(6)unseasoned timber 湿材(65)upper flexible and lower rigid complex multistorey building• 上柔下刚多层房屋(45) upper rigid lower flexible complex multistorey building• 上刚下柔多层房屋(45)Vvalue of decompression prestress 预应力筋消压预应力值(33)value of effective prestress 预应筋有效预应力值(33)verification of serviceability limit states• ” 正常使用极限状态验证(10) verification of ultimate limit states 承载能极限状态验证(10)vertical bracing 竖向支撑(5)vierendal roof truss 空腹屋架(4)visual examination of structural member 构件外观检查(39)visual examination of structural steel member 钢构件外观检查(63)visual examination of weld 焊缝外观检查(62)Wwall beam 墙梁(42)wall frame 壁式框架(门)wall—slab structure 墙板结构(2)warping 翘曲(40)，(71)warping rigidity of section 截面翘曲刚度(19)water retentivity of mortar 砂浆保水性(48)water tower 水塔(3)water／cement ratio• 水灰比(3g)weak axis• 弱轴(56)weak region of earthquake—resistant building 抗震建筑薄弱部位(9)web plate 腹板(52)weld 焊缝(6[))weld crack 焊接裂纹(62)weld defects 焊接缺陷(61)weld roof 焊根(61)weld toe 焊趾(61)weldability of steel bar 钢筋可焊性(39)welded framework 焊接骨架()welded steel beam 焊接钢梁(welded steel girder 焊接钢梁(52)welded steel pipe 焊接钢管(54)welded steel strueture 焊接钢结构(50)welding connection• 焊缝连接(59)welding flux 焊剂(54)welding rod 焊条(54)welding wire 焊丝(54)wind fluttering factor 风振系数(16)wind reference pressure 基本风压(16)wind—resistant column 抗风柱(?)wood roof decking 屋面木基层(64)Yyield strength (yield point) of steel 钢材(钢筋)屈服强度(屈服点)。
土木工程 专业外语词汇大全中英翻译
土木工程专业外语词汇大全中英翻译1. 综合类大地工程geotechnical engineering1. 综合类反分析法back analysis method1. 综合类基础工程foundation engineering1. 综合类临界状态土力学critical state soil mechanics1. 综合类数值岩土力学numerical geomechanics1. 综合类土soil, earth1. 综合类土动力学soil dynamics1. 综合类土力学soil mechanics1. 综合类岩土工程geotechnical engineering1. 综合类应力路径stress path1. 综合类应力路径法stress path method2. 工程地质及勘察变质岩metamorphic rock2. 工程地质及勘察标准冻深standard frost penetration2. 工程地质及勘察冰川沉积glacial deposit2. 工程地质及勘察冰积层（台）glacial deposit2. 工程地质及勘察残积土eluvial soil, residual soil2. 工程地质及勘察层理beding2. 工程地质及勘察长石feldspar2. 工程地质及勘察沉积岩sedimentary rock2. 工程地质及勘察承压水confined water2. 工程地质及勘察次生矿物secondary mineral2. 工程地质及勘察地质年代geological age2. 工程地质及勘察地质图geological map2. 工程地质及勘察地下水groundwater2. 工程地质及勘察断层fault2. 工程地质及勘察断裂构造fracture structure2. 工程地质及勘察工程地质勘察engineering geological exploration 2. 工程地质及勘察海积层（台）marine deposit2. 工程地质及勘察海相沉积marine deposit2. 工程地质及勘察花岗岩granite2. 工程地质及勘察滑坡landslide2. 工程地质及勘察化石fossil2. 工程地质及勘察化学沉积岩chemical sedimentary rock2. 工程地质及勘察阶地terrace2. 工程地质及勘察节理joint2. 工程地质及勘察解理cleavage2. 工程地质及勘察喀斯特karst2. 工程地质及勘察矿物硬度hardness of minerals2. 工程地质及勘察砾岩conglomerate2. 工程地质及勘察流滑flow slide2. 工程地质及勘察陆相沉积continental sedimentation2. 工程地质及勘察泥石流mud flow, debris flow2. 工程地质及勘察年粘土矿物clay minerals2. 工程地质及勘察凝灰岩tuff2. 工程地质及勘察牛轭湖ox-bow lake2. 工程地质及勘察浅成岩hypabyssal rock2. 工程地质及勘察潜水ground water2. 工程地质及勘察侵入岩intrusive rock2. 工程地质及勘察取土器geotome2. 工程地质及勘察砂岩sandstone2. 工程地质及勘察砂嘴spit, sand spit2. 工程地质及勘察山岩压力rock pressure2. 工程地质及勘察深成岩plutionic rock2. 工程地质及勘察石灰岩limestone2. 工程地质及勘察石英quartz2. 工程地质及勘察松散堆积物rickle2. 工程地质及勘察围限地下水（台）confined ground water 2. 工程地质及勘察泻湖lagoon2. 工程地质及勘察岩爆rock burst2. 工程地质及勘察岩层产状attitude of rock2. 工程地质及勘察岩浆岩magmatic rock, igneous rock2. 工程地质及勘察岩脉dike, dgke2. 工程地质及勘察岩石风化程度degree of rock weathering 2. 工程地质及勘察岩石构造structure of rock2. 工程地质及勘察岩石结构texture of rock2. 工程地质及勘察岩体rock mass2. 工程地质及勘察页岩shale2. 工程地质及勘察原生矿物primary mineral2. 工程地质及勘察云母mica2. 工程地质及勘察造岩矿物rock-forming mineral2. 工程地质及勘察褶皱fold, folding2. 工程地质及勘察钻孔柱状图bore hole columnar section3. 土的分类饱和土saturated soil3. 土的分类超固结土overconsolidated soil3. 土的分类冲填土dredger fill3. 土的分类充重塑土3. 土的分类冻土frozen soil, tjaele3. 土的分类非饱和土unsaturated soil3. 土的分类分散性土dispersive soil3. 土的分类粉土silt, mo3. 土的分类粉质粘土silty clay3. 土的分类高岭石kaolinite3. 土的分类过压密土（台）overconsolidated soil3. 土的分类红粘土red clay, adamic earth3. 土的分类黄土loess, huangtu(China)3. 土的分类蒙脱石montmorillonite3. 土的分类泥炭peat, bog muck3. 土的分类年粘土clay3. 土的分类年粘性土cohesive soil, clayey soil3. 土的分类膨胀土expansive soil, swelling soil3. 土的分类欠固结粘土underconsolidated soil3. 土的分类区域性土zonal soil3. 土的分类人工填土fill, artificial soil3. 土的分类软粘土soft clay, mildclay, mickle3. 土的分类砂土sand3. 土的分类湿陷性黄土collapsible loess, slumping loess3. 土的分类素填土plain fill3. 土的分类塑性图plasticity chart3. 土的分类碎石土stone, break stone, broken stone, channery, chat, crushed stone, deritus 3. 土的分类未压密土（台）underconsolidated clay3. 土的分类无粘性土cohesionless soil, frictional soil, non-cohesive soil3. 土的分类岩石rock3. 土的分类伊利土illite3. 土的分类有机质土organic soil3. 土的分类淤泥muck, gyttja, mire, slush3. 土的分类淤泥质土mucky soil3. 土的分类原状土undisturbed soil3. 土的分类杂填土miscellaneous fill3. 土的分类正常固结土normally consolidated soil3. 土的分类正常压密土（台）normally consolidated soil3. 土的分类自重湿陷性黄土self weight collapse loess4. 土的物理性质阿太堡界限Atterberg limits4. 土的物理性质饱和度degree of saturation4. 土的物理性质饱和密度saturated density4. 土的物理性质饱和重度saturated unit weight4. 土的物理性质比重specific gravity4. 土的物理性质稠度consistency4. 土的物理性质不均匀系数coefficient of uniformity, uniformity coefficient4. 土的物理性质触变thixotropy4. 土的物理性质单粒结构single-grained structure4. 土的物理性质蜂窝结构honeycomb structure4. 土的物理性质干重度dry unit weight4. 土的物理性质干密度dry density4. 土的物理性质塑性指数plasticity index4. 土的物理性质含水量water content, moisture content4. 土的物理性质活性指数4. 土的物理性质级配gradation, grading4. 土的物理性质结合水bound water, combined water, held water4. 土的物理性质界限含水量Atterberg limits4. 土的物理性质颗粒级配particle size distribution of soils, mechanical composition of soil 4. 土的物理性质可塑性plasticity4. 土的物理性质孔隙比void ratio4. 土的物理性质孔隙率porosity4. 土的物理性质粒度granularity, grainness, grainage4. 土的物理性质粒组fraction, size fraction4. 土的物理性质毛细管水capillary water4. 土的物理性质密度density4. 土的物理性质密实度compactionness4. 土的物理性质年粘性土的灵敏度sensitivity of cohesive soil4. 土的物理性质平均粒径mean diameter, average grain diameter4. 土的物理性质曲率系数coefficient of curvature4. 土的物理性质三相图block diagram, skeletal diagram, three phase diagram4. 土的物理性质三相土tri-phase soil4. 土的物理性质湿陷起始应力initial collapse pressure4. 土的物理性质湿陷系数coefficient of collapsibility4. 土的物理性质缩限shrinkage limit4. 土的物理性质土的构造soil texture4. 土的物理性质土的结构soil structure4. 土的物理性质土粒相对密度specific density of solid particles4. 土的物理性质土中气air in soil4. 土的物理性质土中水water in soil4. 土的物理性质团粒aggregate, cumularpharolith4. 土的物理性质限定粒径constrained diameter4. 土的物理性质相对密度relative density, density index4. 土的物理性质相对压密度relative compaction, compacting factor, percent compaction, coefficient of compaction4. 土的物理性质絮状结构flocculent structure4. 土的物理性质压密系数coefficient of consolidation4. 土的物理性质压缩性compressibility4. 土的物理性质液限liquid limit4. 土的物理性质液性指数liquidity index4. 土的物理性质游离水（台）free water4. 土的物理性质有效粒径effective diameter, effective grain size, effective size4. 土的物理性质有效密度effective density4. 土的物理性质有效重度effective unit weight4. 土的物理性质重力密度unit weight4. 土的物理性质自由水free water, gravitational water, groundwater, phreatic water4. 土的物理性质组构fabric4. 土的物理性质最大干密度maximum dry density4. 土的物理性质最优含水量optimum water content5. 渗透性和渗流达西定律Darcy s law5. 渗透性和渗流管涌piping5. 渗透性和渗流浸润线phreatic line5. 渗透性和渗流临界水力梯度critical hydraulic gradient5. 渗透性和渗流流函数flow function5. 渗透性和渗流流土flowing soil5. 渗透性和渗流流网flow net5. 渗透性和渗流砂沸sand boiling5. 渗透性和渗流渗流seepage5. 渗透性和渗流渗流量seepage discharge5. 渗透性和渗流渗流速度seepage velocity5. 渗透性和渗流渗透力seepage force5. 渗透性和渗流渗透破坏seepage failure5. 渗透性和渗流渗透系数coefficient of permeability5. 渗透性和渗流渗透性permeability5. 渗透性和渗流势函数potential function5. 渗透性和渗流水力梯度hydraulic gradient6. 地基应力和变形变形deformation6. 地基应力和变形变形模量modulus of deformation6. 地基应力和变形泊松比Poisson s ratio6. 地基应力和变形布西涅斯克解Boussinnesq s solution6. 地基应力和变形残余变形residual deformation6. 地基应力和变形残余孔隙水压力residual pore water pressure6. 地基应力和变形超静孔隙水压力excess pore water pressure6. 地基应力和变形沉降settlement6. 地基应力和变形沉降比settlement ratio6. 地基应力和变形次固结沉降secondary consolidation settlement6. 地基应力和变形次固结系数coefficient of secondary consolidation6. 地基应力和变形地基沉降的弹性力学公式elastic formula for settlement calculation 6. 地基应力和变形分层总和法layerwise summation method6. 地基应力和变形负孔隙水压力negative pore water pressure6. 地基应力和变形附加应力superimposed stress6. 地基应力和变形割线模量secant modulus6. 地基应力和变形固结沉降consolidation settlement6. 地基应力和变形规范沉降计算法settlement calculation by specification6. 地基应力和变形回弹变形rebound deformation6. 地基应力和变形回弹模量modulus of resilience6. 地基应力和变形回弹系数coefficient of resilience6. 地基应力和变形回弹指数swelling index6. 地基应力和变形建筑物的地基变形允许值allowable settlement of building6. 地基应力和变形剪胀dilatation6. 地基应力和变形角点法corner-points method6. 地基应力和变形孔隙气压力pore air pressure6. 地基应力和变形孔隙水压力pore water pressure6. 地基应力和变形孔隙压力系数Apore pressure parameter A6. 地基应力和变形孔隙压力系数Bpore pressure parameter B6. 地基应力和变形明德林解Mindlin s solution6. 地基应力和变形纽马克感应图Newmark chart6. 地基应力和变形切线模量tangent modulus6. 地基应力和变形蠕变creep6. 地基应力和变形三向变形条件下的固结沉降three-dimensional consolidation settlement 6. 地基应力和变形瞬时沉降immediate settlement6. 地基应力和变形塑性变形plastic deformation6. 地基应力和变形谈弹性变形elastic deformation6. 地基应力和变形谈弹性模量elastic modulus6. 地基应力和变形谈弹性平衡状态state of elastic equilibrium6. 地基应力和变形体积变形模量volumetric deformation modulus6. 地基应力和变形先期固结压力preconsolidation pressure6. 地基应力和变形压缩层6. 地基应力和变形压缩模量modulus of compressibility6. 地基应力和变形压缩系数coefficient of compressibility6. 地基应力和变形压缩性compressibility6. 地基应力和变形压缩指数compression index6. 地基应力和变形有效应力effective stress6. 地基应力和变形自重应力self-weight stress6. 地基应力和变形总应力total stress approach of shear strength6. 地基应力和变形最终沉降final settlement7. 固结巴隆固结理论Barron s consolidation theory7. 固结比奥固结理论Biot s consolidation theory7. 固结超固结比over-consolidation ratio7. 固结超静孔隙水压力excess pore water pressure7. 固结次固结secondary consolidation7. 固结次压缩（台）secondary consolidatin7. 固结单向度压密（台）one-dimensional consolidation7. 固结多维固结multi-dimensional consolidation7. 固结固结consolidation7. 固结固结度degree of consolidation7. 固结固结理论theory of consolidation7. 固结固结曲线consolidation curve7. 固结固结速率rate of consolidation7. 固结固结系数coefficient of consolidation7. 固结固结压力consolidation pressure7. 固结回弹曲线rebound curve7. 固结井径比drain spacing ratio7. 固结井阻well resistance7. 固结曼代尔－克雷尔效应Mandel-Cryer effect7. 固结潜变（台）creep7. 固结砂井sand drain7. 固结砂井地基平均固结度average degree of consolidation of sand-drained ground7. 固结时间对数拟合法logrithm of time fitting method7. 固结时间因子time factor7. 固结太沙基固结理论Terzaghi s consolidation theory7. 固结太沙基－伦杜列克扩散方程Terzaghi-Rendulic diffusion equation7. 固结先期固结压力preconsolidation pressure7. 固结压密（台）consolidation7. 固结压密度（台）degree of consolidation7. 固结压缩曲线cpmpression curve7. 固结一维固结one dimensional consolidation7. 固结有效应力原理principle of effective stress7. 固结预压密压力（台）preconsolidation pressure7. 固结原始压缩曲线virgin compression curve7. 固结再压缩曲线recompression curve7. 固结主固结primary consolidation7. 固结主压密（台）primary consolidation7. 固结准固结压力pseudo-consolidation pressure7. 固结K0固结consolidation under K0 condition8. 抗剪强度安息角（台）angle of repose8. 抗剪强度不排水抗剪强度undrained shear strength8. 抗剪强度残余内摩擦角residual angle of internal friction8. 抗剪强度残余强度residual strength8. 抗剪强度长期强度long-term strength8. 抗剪强度单轴抗拉强度uniaxial tension test8. 抗剪强度动强度dynamic strength of soils8. 抗剪强度峰值强度peak strength8. 抗剪强度伏斯列夫参数Hvorslev parameter8. 抗剪强度剪切应变速率shear strain rate8. 抗剪强度抗剪强度shear strength8. 抗剪强度抗剪强度参数shear strength parameter8. 抗剪强度抗剪强度有效应力法effective stress approach of shear strength 8. 抗剪强度抗剪强度总应力法total stress approach of shear strength8. 抗剪强度库仑方程Coulomb s equation8. 抗剪强度摩尔包线Mohr s envelope8. 抗剪强度摩尔－库仑理论Mohr-Coulomb theory8. 抗剪强度内摩擦角angle of internal friction8. 抗剪强度年粘聚力cohesion8. 抗剪强度破裂角angle of rupture8. 抗剪强度破坏准则failure criterion8. 抗剪强度十字板抗剪强度vane strength8. 抗剪强度无侧限抗压强度unconfined compression strength8. 抗剪强度有效内摩擦角effective angle of internal friction8. 抗剪强度有效粘聚力effective cohesion intercept8. 抗剪强度有效应力破坏包线effective stress failure envelope8. 抗剪强度有效应力强度参数effective stress strength parameter8. 抗剪强度有效应力原理principle of effective stress8. 抗剪强度真内摩擦角true angle internal friction8. 抗剪强度真粘聚力true cohesion8. 抗剪强度总应力破坏包线total stress failure envelope8. 抗剪强度总应力强度参数total stress strength parameter9. 本构模型本构模型constitutive model9. 本构模型边界面模型boundary surface model9. 本构模型层向各向同性体模型cross anisotropic model9. 本构模型超弹性模型hyperelastic model9. 本构模型德鲁克－普拉格准则Drucker-Prager criterion9. 本构模型邓肯－张模型Duncan-Chang model9. 本构模型动剪切强度9. 本构模型非线性弹性模量nonlinear elastic model9. 本构模型盖帽模型cap model9. 本构模型刚塑性模型rigid plastic model9. 本构模型割线模量secant modulus9. 本构模型广义冯·米赛斯屈服准则extended von Mises yield criterion 9. 本构模型广义特雷斯卡屈服准则extended tresca yield criterion9. 本构模型加工软化work softening9. 本构模型加工硬化work hardening9. 本构模型加工硬化定律strain harding law9. 本构模型剑桥模型Cambridge model9. 本构模型柯西弹性模型Cauchy elastic model9. 本构模型拉特－邓肯模型Lade-Duncan model9. 本构模型拉特屈服准则Lade yield criterion9. 本构模型理想弹塑性模型ideal elastoplastic model9. 本构模型临界状态弹塑性模型critical state elastoplastic model9. 本构模型流变学模型rheological model9. 本构模型流动规则flow rule9. 本构模型摩尔－库仑屈服准则Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion9. 本构模型内蕴时间塑性模型endochronic plastic model9. 本构模型内蕴时间塑性理论endochronic theory9. 本构模型年粘弹性模型viscoelastic model9. 本构模型切线模量tangent modulus9. 本构模型清华弹塑性模型Tsinghua elastoplastic model9. 本构模型屈服面yield surface9. 本构模型沈珠江三重屈服面模型Shen Zhujiang three yield surface method 9. 本构模型双参数地基模型9. 本构模型双剪应力屈服模型twin shear stress yield criterion9. 本构模型双曲线模型hyperbolic model9. 本构模型松岗元－中井屈服准则Matsuoka-Nakai yield criterion9. 本构模型塑性形变理论9. 本构模型谈弹塑性模量矩阵elastoplastic modulus matrix9. 本构模型谈弹塑性模型elastoplastic modulus9. 本构模型谈弹塑性增量理论incremental elastoplastic theory9. 本构模型谈弹性半空间地基模型elastic half-space foundation model9. 本构模型谈弹性变形elastic deformation9. 本构模型谈弹性模量elastic modulus9. 本构模型谈弹性模型elastic model9. 本构模型魏汝龙－Khosla－Wu模型Wei Rulong-Khosla-Wu model9. 本构模型文克尔地基模型Winkler foundation model9. 本构模型修正剑桥模型modified cambridge model9. 本构模型准弹性模型hypoelastic model10. 地基承载力冲剪破坏punching shear failure10. 地基承载力次层（台）substratum10. 地基承载力地基subgrade, ground, foundation soil10. 地基承载力地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation soil10. 地基承载力地基极限承载力ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil10. 地基承载力地基允许承载力allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil10. 地基承载力地基稳定性stability of foundation soil10. 地基承载力汉森地基承载力公式Hansen s ultimate bearing capacity formula10. 地基承载力极限平衡状态state of limit equilibrium10. 地基承载力加州承载比（美国）California Bearing Ratio10. 地基承载力局部剪切破坏local shear failure10. 地基承载力临塑荷载critical edge pressure10. 地基承载力梅耶霍夫极限承载力公式Meyerhof s ultimate bearing capacity formula 10. 地基承载力普朗特承载力理论Prandel bearing capacity theory10. 地基承载力斯肯普顿极限承载力公式Skempton s ultimate bearing capacity formula 10. 地基承载力太沙基承载力理论Terzaghi bearing capacity theory10. 地基承载力魏锡克极限承载力公式V esic s ultimate bearing capacity formula10. 地基承载力整体剪切破坏general shear failure11. 土压力被动土压力passive earth pressure11. 土压力被动土压力系数coefficient of passive earth pressure11. 土压力极限平衡状态state of limit equilibrium11. 土压力静止土压力earth pressue at rest11. 土压力静止土压力系数coefficient of earth pressur at rest11. 土压力库仑土压力理论Coulomb s earth pressure theory11. 土压力库尔曼图解法Culmannn construction11. 土压力朗肯土压力理论Rankine s earth pressure theory11. 土压力朗肯状态Rankine state11. 土压力谈弹性平衡状态state of elastic equilibrium11. 土压力土压力earth pressure11. 土压力主动土压力active earth pressure11. 土压力主动土压力系数coefficient of active earth pressure12. 土坡稳定分析安息角（台）angle of repose12. 土坡稳定分析毕肖普法Bishop method12. 土坡稳定分析边坡稳定安全系数safety factor of slope12. 土坡稳定分析不平衡推理传递法unbalanced thrust transmission method12. 土坡稳定分析费伦纽斯条分法Fellenius method of slices12. 土坡稳定分析库尔曼法Culmann method12. 土坡稳定分析摩擦圆法friction circle method12. 土坡稳定分析摩根斯坦－普拉斯法Morgenstern-Price method12. 土坡稳定分析铅直边坡的临界高度critical height of vertical slope12. 土坡稳定分析瑞典圆弧滑动法Swedish circle method12. 土坡稳定分析斯宾赛法Spencer method12. 土坡稳定分析泰勒法Taylor method12. 土坡稳定分析条分法slice method12. 土坡稳定分析土坡slope12. 土坡稳定分析土坡稳定分析slope stability analysis12. 土坡稳定分析土坡稳定极限分析法limit analysis method of slope stability 12. 土坡稳定分析土坡稳定极限平衡法limit equilibrium method of slope stability 12. 土坡稳定分析休止角angle of repose12. 土坡稳定分析扬布普遍条分法Janbu general slice method12. 土坡稳定分析圆弧分析法circular arc analysis13. 土的动力性质比阻尼容量specific gravity capacity13. 土的动力性质波的弥散特性dispersion of waves13. 土的动力性质波速法wave velocity method13. 土的动力性质材料阻尼material damping13. 土的动力性质初始液化initial liquefaction13. 土的动力性质地基固有周期natural period of soil site13. 土的动力性质动剪切模量dynamic shear modulus of soils13. 土的动力性质动力布西涅斯克解dynamic solution of Boussinesq13. 土的动力性质动力放大因素dynamic magnification factor13. 土的动力性质动力性质dynamic properties of soils13. 土的动力性质动强度dynamic strength of soils13. 土的动力性质骨架波akeleton waves in soils13. 土的动力性质几何阻尼geometric damping13. 土的动力性质抗液化强度liquefaction stress13. 土的动力性质孔隙流体波fluid wave in soil13. 土的动力性质损耗角loss angle13. 土的动力性质往返活动性reciprocating activity13. 土的动力性质无量纲频率dimensionless frequency13. 土的动力性质液化liquefaction13. 土的动力性质液化势评价evaluation of liquefaction potential13. 土的动力性质液化应力比stress ratio of liquefaction13. 土的动力性质应力波stress waves in soils13. 土的动力性质振陷dynamic settlement13. 土的动力性质阻尼damping of soil13. 土的动力性质阻尼比damping ratio14. 挡土墙挡土墙retaining wall14. 挡土墙挡土墙排水设施14. 挡土墙挡土墙稳定性stability of retaining wall14. 挡土墙垛式挡土墙14. 挡土墙扶垛式挡土墙counterfort retaining wall14. 挡土墙后垛墙（台）counterfort retaining wall14. 挡土墙基础墙foundation wall14. 挡土墙加筋土挡墙reinforced earth bulkhead14. 挡土墙锚定板挡土墙anchored plate retaining wall14. 挡土墙锚定式板桩墙anchored sheet pile wall14. 挡土墙锚杆式挡土墙anchor rod retaining wall14. 挡土墙悬壁式板桩墙cantilever sheet pile wall14. 挡土墙悬壁式挡土墙cantilever sheet pile wall14. 挡土墙重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall15. 板桩结构物板桩sheet pile15. 板桩结构物板桩结构sheet pile structure15. 板桩结构物钢板桩steel sheet pile15. 板桩结构物钢筋混凝土板桩reinforced concrete sheet pile15. 板桩结构物钢桩steel pile15. 板桩结构物灌注桩cast-in-place pile15. 板桩结构物拉杆tie rod15. 板桩结构物锚定式板桩墙anchored sheet pile wall15. 板桩结构物锚固技术anchoring15. 板桩结构物锚座Anchorage15. 板桩结构物木板桩wooden sheet pile15. 板桩结构物木桩timber piles15. 板桩结构物悬壁式板桩墙cantilever sheet pile wall16. 基坑开挖与降水板桩围护sheet pile-braced cuts16. 基坑开挖与降水电渗法electro-osmotic drainage16. 基坑开挖与降水管涌piping16. 基坑开挖与降水基底隆起heave of base16. 基坑开挖与降水基坑降水dewatering16. 基坑开挖与降水基坑失稳instability (failure) of foundation pit16. 基坑开挖与降水基坑围护bracing of foundation pit16. 基坑开挖与降水减压井relief well16. 基坑开挖与降水降低地下水位法dewatering method16. 基坑开挖与降水井点系统well point system16. 基坑开挖与降水喷射井点eductor well point16. 基坑开挖与降水铅直边坡的临界高度critical height of vertical slope 16. 基坑开挖与降水砂沸sand boiling16. 基坑开挖与降水深井点deep well point16. 基坑开挖与降水真空井点vacuum well point16. 基坑开挖与降水支撑围护braced cuts17. 浅基础杯形基础17. 浅基础补偿性基础compensated foundation17. 浅基础持力层bearing stratum17. 浅基础次层（台）substratum17. 浅基础单独基础individual footing17. 浅基础倒梁法inverted beam method17. 浅基础刚性角pressure distribution angle of masonary foundation 17. 浅基础刚性基础rigid foundation17. 浅基础高杯口基础17. 浅基础基础埋置深度embeded depth of foundation17. 浅基础基床系数coefficient of subgrade reaction17. 浅基础基底附加应力net foundation pressure17. 浅基础交叉条形基础cross strip footing17. 浅基础接触压力contact pressure17. 浅基础静定分析法（浅基础）static analysis (shallow foundation)17. 浅基础壳体基础shell foundation17. 浅基础扩展基础spread footing17. 浅基础片筏基础mat foundation17. 浅基础浅基础shallow foundation17. 浅基础墙下条形基础17. 浅基础热摩奇金法Zemochkin s method17. 浅基础柔性基础flexible foundation17. 浅基础上部结构－基础－土共同作用分析structure- foundation-soil interactionanalysis 17. 浅基础谈弹性地基梁（板）分析analysis of beams and slabs on elastic foundation 17. 浅基础条形基础strip footing17. 浅基础下卧层substratum17. 浅基础箱形基础box foundation17. 浅基础柱下条形基础18. 深基础贝诺托灌注桩Benoto cast-in-place pile18. 深基础波动方程分析Wave equation analysis18. 深基础场铸桩（台)cast-in-place pile18. 深基础沉管灌注桩diving casting cast-in-place pile18. 深基础沉井基础open-end caisson foundation18. 深基础沉箱基础box caisson foundation18. 深基础成孔灌注同步桩synchronous pile18. 深基础承台pile caps18. 深基础充盈系数fullness coefficient18. 深基础单桩承载力bearing capacity of single pile18. 深基础单桩横向极限承载力ultimate lateral resistance of single pile18. 深基础单桩竖向抗拔极限承载力vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile18. 深基础单桩竖向抗压容许承载力vertical ultimate carrying capacity of single pile18. 深基础单桩竖向抗压极限承载力vertical allowable load capacity of single pile18. 深基础低桩承台low pile cap18. 深基础地下连续墙diaphgram wall18. 深基础点承桩（台）end-bearing pile18. 深基础动力打桩公式dynamic pile driving formula18. 深基础端承桩end-bearing pile18. 深基础法兰基灌注桩Franki pile18. 深基础负摩擦力negative skin friction of pile18. 深基础钢筋混凝土预制桩precast reinforced concrete piles18. 深基础钢桩steel pile18. 深基础高桩承台high-rise pile cap18. 深基础灌注桩cast-in-place pile18. 深基础横向载荷桩laterally loaded vertical piles18. 深基础护壁泥浆slurry coat method18. 深基础回转钻孔灌注桩rotatory boring cast-in-place pile18. 深基础机挖异形灌注桩18. 深基础静力压桩silent piling18. 深基础抗拔桩uplift pile18. 深基础抗滑桩anti-slide pile18. 深基础摩擦桩friction pile18. 深基础木桩timber piles18. 深基础嵌岩灌注桩piles set into rock18. 深基础群桩pile groups18. 深基础群桩效率系数efficiency factor of pile groups18. 深基础群桩效应efficiency of pile groups18. 深基础群桩竖向极限承载力vertical ultimate load capacity of pile groups 18. 深基础深基础deep foundation18. 深基础竖直群桩横向极限承载力18. 深基础无桩靴夯扩灌注桩rammed bulb ile18. 深基础旋转挤压灌注桩18. 深基础桩piles18. 深基础桩基动测技术dynamic pile test18. 深基础钻孔墩基础drilled-pier foundation18. 深基础钻孔扩底灌注桩under-reamed bored pile18. 深基础钻孔压注桩starsol enbesol pile18. 深基础最后贯入度final set19. 地基处理表层压密法surface compaction19. 地基处理超载预压surcharge preloading19. 地基处理袋装砂井sand wick19. 地基处理地工织物geofabric, geotextile19. 地基处理地基处理ground treatment, foundation treatment19. 地基处理电动化学灌浆electrochemical grouting19. 地基处理电渗法electro-osmotic drainage19. 地基处理顶升纠偏法19. 地基处理定喷directional jet grouting19. 地基处理冻土地基处理frozen foundation improvement19. 地基处理短桩处理treatment with short pile19. 地基处理堆载预压法preloading19. 地基处理粉体喷射深层搅拌法powder deep mixing method19. 地基处理复合地基composite foundation19. 地基处理干振成孔灌注桩vibratory bored pile19. 地基处理高压喷射注浆法jet grounting19. 地基处理灌浆材料injection material19. 地基处理灌浆法grouting19. 地基处理硅化法silicification19. 地基处理夯实桩compacting pile19. 地基处理化学灌浆chemical grouting19. 地基处理换填法cushion19. 地基处理灰土桩lime soil pile19. 地基处理基础加压纠偏法19. 地基处理挤密灌浆compaction grouting19. 地基处理挤密桩compaction pile, compacted column19. 地基处理挤淤法displacement method19. 地基处理加筋法reinforcement method19. 地基处理加筋土reinforced earth19. 地基处理碱液法soda solution grouting19. 地基处理浆液深层搅拌法grout deep mixing method19. 地基处理降低地下水位法dewatering method19. 地基处理纠偏技术19. 地基处理坑式托换pit underpinning19. 地基处理冷热处理法freezing and heating19. 地基处理锚固技术anchoring19. 地基处理锚杆静压桩托换anchor pile underpinning19. 地基处理排水固结法consolidation19. 地基处理膨胀土地基处理expansive foundation treatment19. 地基处理劈裂灌浆fracture grouting19. 地基处理浅层处理shallow treatment19. 地基处理强夯法dynamic compaction19. 地基处理人工地基artificial foundation19. 地基处理容许灌浆压力allowable grouting pressure19. 地基处理褥垫pillow19. 地基处理软土地基soft clay ground19. 地基处理砂井sand drain19. 地基处理砂井地基平均固结度average degree of consolidation of sand-drained ground 19. 地基处理砂桩sand column19. 地基处理山区地基处理foundation treatment in mountain area19. 地基处理深层搅拌法deep mixing method19. 地基处理渗入性灌浆seep-in grouting19. 地基处理湿陷性黄土地基处理collapsible loess treatment19. 地基处理石灰系深层搅拌法lime deep mixing method19. 地基处理石灰桩lime column, limepile19. 地基处理树根桩root pile19. 地基处理水泥土水泥掺合比cement mixing ratio19. 地基处理水泥系深层搅拌法cement deep mixing method19. 地基处理水平旋喷horizontal jet grouting19. 地基处理塑料排水带plastic drain19. 地基处理碎石桩gravel pile, stone pillar19. 地基处理掏土纠偏法19. 地基处理天然地基natural foundation19. 地基处理土工聚合物Geopolymer19. 地基处理土工织物geofabric, geotextile19. 地基处理土桩earth pile19. 地基处理托换技术underpinning technique19. 地基处理外掺剂additive19. 地基处理旋喷jet grouting19. 地基处理药液灌浆chemical grouting19. 地基处理预浸水法presoaking19. 地基处理预压法preloading19. 地基处理真空预压vacuum preloading19. 地基处理振冲法vibroflotation method19. 地基处理振冲密实法vibro-compaction19. 地基处理振冲碎石桩vibro replacement stone column19. 地基处理振冲置换法vibro-replacement19. 地基处理振密、挤密法vibro-densification, compacting19. 地基处理置换率（复合地基）replacement ratio19. 地基处理重锤夯实法tamping19. 地基处理桩式托换pile underpinning19. 地基处理桩土应力比stress ratio20. 动力机器基础比阻尼容量specific gravity capacity20. 动力机器基础等效集总参数法constant strain rate consolidation test20. 动力机器基础地基固有周期natural period of soil site20. 动力机器基础动基床反力法dynamic subgrade reaction method20. 动力机器基础动力放大因素dynamic magnification factor20. 动力机器基础隔振isolation20. 动力机器基础基础振动foundation vibration20. 动力机器基础基础振动半空间理论elastic half-space theory of foundation vibr ation20. 动力机器基础基础振动容许振幅allowable amplitude of foundation vibration 20. 动力机器基础基础自振频率natural frequency of foundation20. 动力机器基础集总参数法lumped parameter method20. 动力机器基础吸收系数absorption coefficient20. 动力机器基础质量－弹簧－阻尼器系统mass-spring-dushpot system21. 地基基础抗震地基固有周期natural period of soil site21. 地基基础抗震地震earthquake, seism, temblor21. 地基基础抗震地震持续时间duration of earthquake21. 地基基础抗震地震等效均匀剪应力equivalent even shear stress of earthquake 21. 地基基础抗震地震反应谱earthquake response spectrum21. 地基基础抗震地震烈度earthquake intensity21. 地基基础抗震地震震级earthquake magnitude21. 地基基础抗震地震卓越周期seismic predominant period21. 地基基础抗震地震最大加速度maximum acceleration of earthquake21. 地基基础抗震动力放大因数dynamic magnification factor21. 地基基础抗震对数递减率logrithmic decrement21. 地基基础抗震刚性系数coefficient of rigidity21. 地基基础抗震吸收系数absorption coefficient22. 室内土工试验比重试验specific gravity test22. 室内土工试验变水头渗透试验falling head permeability test22. 室内土工试验不固结不排水试验unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test22. 室内土工试验常规固结试验routine consolidation test22. 室内土工试验常水头渗透试验constant head permeability test22. 室内土工试验单剪仪simple shear apparatus22. 室内土工试验单轴拉伸试验uniaxial tensile test22. 室内土工试验等速加荷固结试验constant loading rate consolidatin test22. 室内土工试验等梯度固结试验constant gradient consolidation test22. 室内土工试验等应变速率固结试验equivalent lumped parameter method22. 室内土工试验反复直剪强度试验repeated direct shear test22. 室内土工试验反压饱和法back pressure saturation method22. 室内土工试验高压固结试验high pressure consolidation test22. 室内土工试验各向不等压固结不排水试验consoidated anisotropically undrained test 22. 室内土工试验各向不等压固结排水试验consolidated anisotropically drained test 22. 室内土工试验共振柱试验resonant column test22. 室内土工试验固结不排水试验consolidated undrained triaxial test22. 室内土工试验固结快剪试验consolidated quick direct shear test22. 室内土工试验固结排水试验consolidated drained triaxial test22. 室内土工试验固结试验consolidation test22. 室内土工试验含水量试验water content test22. 室内土工试验环剪试验ring shear test22. 室内土工试验黄土湿陷试验loess collapsibility test22. 室内土工试验击实试验22. 室内土工试验界限含水量试验Atterberg limits test22. 室内土工试验卡萨格兰德法Casagrande s method22. 室内土工试验颗粒分析试验grain size analysis test22. 室内土工试验孔隙水压力消散试验pore pressure dissipation test22. 室内土工试验快剪试验quick direct shear test22. 室内土工试验快速固结试验fast consolidation test22. 室内土工试验离心模型试验centrifugal model test22. 室内土工试验连续加荷固结试验continual loading test22. 室内土工试验慢剪试验consolidated drained direct shear test22. 室内土工试验毛细管上升高度试验capillary rise test22. 室内土工试验密度试验density test22. 室内土工试验扭剪仪torsion shear apparatus22. 室内土工试验膨胀率试验swelling rate test22. 室内土工试验平面应变仪plane strain apparatus22. 室内土工试验三轴伸长试验triaxial extension test22. 室内土工试验三轴压缩试验triaxial compression test22. 室内土工试验砂的相对密实度试验sand relative density test22. 室内土工试验筛分析sieve analysis。
土木工程专业英语词汇整理完整版
土木工程专业英语词汇整理HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】第一部分必须掌握，第二部分尽量掌握第一部分：1 Finite Element Method 有限单元法2 专业英语 Specialty English3 水利工程 Hydraulic Engineering4 土木工程 Civil Engineering5 地下工程 Underground Engineering6 岩土工程 Geotechnical Engineering7 道路工程 Road (Highway) Engineering8 桥梁工程Bridge Engineering9 隧道工程 Tunnel Engineering10 工程力学 Engineering Mechanics11 交通工程 Traffic Engineering12 港口工程 Port Engineering13 安全性 safety17木结构 timber structure18 砌体结构 masonry structure19 混凝土结构concrete structure20 钢结构 steelstructure21 钢-混凝土复合结构 steel and concrete composite structure22 素混凝土 plain concrete23 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete24 钢筋 rebar25 预应力混凝土 pre-stressed concrete26 静定结构statically determinate structure27 超静定结构 statically indeterminate structure28 桁架结构 truss structure29 空间网架结构 spatial grid structure30 近海工程 offshore engineering31 静力学 statics32运动学kinematics33 动力学dynamics34 简支梁 simply supported beam35 固定支座 fixed bearing36弹性力学 elasticity37 塑性力学 plasticity38 弹塑性力学 elaso-plasticity 39 断裂力学 fracture Mechanics40 土力学 soil mechanics41 水力学 hydraulics42 流体力学 fluid mechanics43 固体力学solid mechanics44 集中力 concentrated force45 压力 pressure46 静水压力 hydrostatic pressure47 均布压力 uniform pressure48 体力 body force49 重力 gravity50 线荷载 line load51 弯矩 bending moment52 torque 扭矩53 应力 stress54 应变 stain55 正应力 normal stress56 剪应力 shearing stress57 主应力 principal stress58 变形 deformation59 内力 internal force60 偏移量挠度 deflection61 settlement 沉降62 屈曲失稳 buckle63 轴力 axial force64 允许应力 allowable stress65 疲劳分析 fatigue analysis66 梁 beam67 壳 shell68 板 plate69 桥 bridge70 桩 pile71 主动土压力 active earth pressure72 被动土压力 passive earth pressure73 承载力 load-bearing capacity74 水位 water Height75 位移 displacement76 结构力学 structural mechanics77 材料力学 material mechanics78 经纬仪 altometer79 水准仪level80 学科 discipline81 子学科 sub-discipline82 期刊 journal ,periodical83文献literature84 ISSN International Standard Serial Number 国际标准刊号85 ISBN International Standard Book Number 国际标准书号86 卷 volume87 期 number 88 专着 monograph89 会议论文集 Proceeding90 学位论文 thesis, dissertation91 专利 patent92 档案档案室 archive93 国际学术会议 conference94 导师 advisor95 学位论文答辩 defense of thesis96 博士研究生 doctorate student97 研究生 postgraduate98 EI Engineering Index 工程索引99 SCI Science Citation Index 科学引文索引100ISTP Index to Science and Technology Proceedings 科学技术会议论文集索引101 题目 title102 摘要 abstract103 全文 full-text104 参考文献 reference105 联络单位、所属单位affiliation106 主题词 Subject107 关键字 keyword108 ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers 美国土木工程师协会109 FHWA Federal Highway Administration 联邦公路总署 110 ISO International Standard Organization111 解析方法 analytical method112 数值方法 numerical method113 计算 computation114 说明书 instruction第二部分：岩土工程专业词汇engineering岩土工程engineering基础工程,earth土mechanics土力学cyclicloading周期荷载unloading卸载reloading再加载viscoelasticfoundation粘弹性地基viscous?damping粘滞阻尼shearmodulus剪切模量dynamics土动力学path应力路径geotechanics数值岩土力学二.土的分类soil残积土groundwaterlevel地水位地下水groundwatertable地下水位miner 粘土矿物minerals次生矿物滑坡?holecolumnarsection 孔柱状图geologicinvestigation工程地质勘漂石?卵石?砂石?sand砾砂sand粗砂sand中砂sand细砂sand粉土soil粘性土粘土?clay粉粘土粉土?silt砂质粉土silt粘质粉土soil饱土soil非饱和土(soil)填土soil超固结土consolidatedsoil正常固结土soil欠固结土soil区域性土clay软粘土(swelling)soil膨土泥炭?黄土?soil冻土ofsaturation饱和度unitweight干重度unitweight湿重度=InternationalSocietyforSoilMechanicsand technicalEngineering国际土力学与岩土工程会四.渗透性和渗流’slaw达西定律管涌?soil流土boiling砂沸流网渗透（流）渗流?pressure渗透压力渗透性?force渗透力gradient水力梯度ofpermeability渗透系数五.地基应力和变形soil软土2.(negative)skinfrictionofdrivenpile打入（负）摩阻力stress有效应力stress总应力vaneshearstrength十字板抗剪强度activity低活性灵敏度?test三轴试验design基础设计再压缩capaci 承载力mass土体stress(pressure)接触应力（压力）load集中荷载semi-infiniteelasticsolid半限弹性体均质?各向同性?footing条基spreadfooting方独立基础soil(stratum,strata)下卧层（土）load=sustainedload恒载持续荷载load活载–termtransientload短期瞬时荷载transientload长期荷载load折算荷载沉降?变形?套管?=dyke堤（防）fraction粘粒粒组properties物理性质路基?soil级配良好土soil级配不良土stresses正应力stresses剪应力plane主平面(intermediate,minor)principalstress最大（中、最小）主应力failurecondition摩尔-库仑破坏条件=finiteelementmethod有限元法equilibriummethod极限平衡法waterpressure孔隙水压力pressure先期固结压力ofcompressibility压缩模量ofcompressibility压缩系数index压缩指数index回弹指数stress自重应力stress附加应力stress总应力settlement最终沉降line滑动线六.基坑开挖与降水1excavation 开挖（挖方）2dewatering（基坑）降水3failureoffoundation基坑失稳4bracingoffoundationpit基坑围护5bottomheave=basalheave（基坑）底隆起6retainingwall挡土墙7pore-pressuredistribution孔压分布8dewateringmethod降低地下水位法9wellpointsystem井点系统（轻型）10deepwellpoint深井点11vacuumwellpoint真空井点12bracedcuts支撑围护13bracedexcavation 支撑开挖14bracedsheeting支撑挡板七.深基础--deepfoundationfoundation桩基础1)cast–in-place灌注桩divingcastingcast-in-placepile沉管灌注桩boredpile钻孔桩special-shapedcast-in-placepile机控异型灌注桩pilessetintorock嵌岩灌注桩rammedbulbpile 夯扩桩2)belledpierfoundation钻孔墩基础drilled-pierfoundation钻孔扩底墩under-reamedboredpier3)precastconcretepile预制混凝土桩4)steelpile钢桩steelpipepile钢管桩steelsheetpile钢板桩5)prestressedconcretepile预应力混凝土桩prestressedconcretepipepile预应力混凝土管桩foundation沉井（箱）wall地下连续墙截水墙pile摩擦桩pile端承桩竖井；桩身?equationanalysis波动方程分析caps承台（桩帽）capacityofsinglepile单桩承载力pileloadtest单桩横向载荷试验lateralresistanceofsinglepile单桩横向极限载力loadtestofpile单桩竖向静荷载试验allowableloadcapacity单桩竖向容许承载力pilecap低桩承台pilecap高桩承台ultimateupliftresistanceofsinglepile单桩拔极限承载力piling静力压桩pile抗拔桩pi 抗滑桩groups群桩factorofpilegroups群桩效率系数（η）ofpilegroups群桩效应piletesting桩基动测术set最后贯入度loadtestofpile桩动荷载试验integritytest桩的完整性试验head=butt桩头tip=pilepoint=piletoe桩端（头）spacing桩plan桩位布置图ofpiles=pilelayout桩的布置action群桩作用bearing=tipresistance桩端(side)friction=shaftresistance桩侧阻cushion桩垫driving(byvibration)（振动）桩pullingtest拔桩试验shoe桩靴noise打桩噪rig打桩机九.固结consolidation’sconsolidationtheory太沙基固结理论’sconsolidationtheory巴隆固结理论’sconsolidationtheory比奥固结理论consolidationration(OCR)超固结比soil超固结土porewaterpressure超孔压力consolidation多维固结consolidation一维固结consolidation主固结consolidation次固结ofconsolidation固结度test固结试验curve 结曲线factorTv时间因子ofconsolidation固结系数pressure前期固结压力ofeffectivestress有效应力原理underK0conditionK0固结十.抗剪强度shearstrength shearstrength不排水抗剪强度strength残余强度strength长期强度strength 峰值强度strainrate剪切应变速率剪胀?stressapproachofshearstrength剪胀抗剪强度有效应力法stressapproachofshearstrength抗剪强度总应力法theory莫尔－库仑理论ofinternalfriction内摩擦角粘聚力?criterion 破坏准则strength十字板抗剪强度compression无侧限抗压强度stressfailureenvelop有效应力破坏包线stressstrengthparameter有效应力强度参数十一.本构模型--constitutivemodelmodel弹性模型elasticmodel非线性弹性模型model弹塑性模型model粘弹性模型surfacemodel边界面模型model邓肯－张模型plasticmodel刚塑性模型model盖帽模型softening加工软化hardening加工硬化model剑桥模型elastoplasticmodel理想弹塑性模型yieldcriterion莫尔－库仑屈服准则surface屈服面half-spacefoundationmodel弹性半空间地基模型modulus弹性模量foundationmodel文克尔地基模型十二.地基承载力--bearingcapacityoffoundationsoilshearfailure冲剪破坏shearfailure整体剪切破化shearfailure局部剪切破坏oflimitequilibrium极限平衡状态edgepressure临塑荷载offoundationsoil地基稳定性bearingcapacityoffoundationsoil地基极限承载力bearingcapacityoffoundationsoil地基容许承载力十三.土压力--earthpressureearthpressure主动土压力earthpressure被动土压力pressureatrest静止土压力’searthpressuretheo ry库仑土压力理论’searthpressuretheory朗金土压力理论十四.土坡稳定分析--slopestabilityanalysis ofrepose休止角method毕肖普法factorofsl 边坡稳定安全系数methodofslices费纽伦斯条法circlemethod瑞典圆弧滑动法method条分十五.挡土墙--retainingwallofretainingwall挡土墙稳定性wall基础墙retainingwall扶壁式挡土墙retainingwall悬臂式挡土墙sheetpilewall悬臂式板桩墙retainingwall重力式挡土墙plateretainingwall锚定板挡土墙sheetpilewall锚定板板桩墙十六.板桩结构物--sheetpilestructure sheetpile钢板桩concretesheetpile钢筋混凝土板桩piles钢桩sheetpile木板桩piles木桩十七.浅基础--shallowfoundationfoundation 型基础(raft)foundation片筏基础foundatio 形基础footing扩展基础foundation补偿性基stratum持力层foundation刚性基础foundat 柔性基础depthoffoundation基础埋置深度foundationpressure基底附加应力interactionanalysis上部结构－基础－地基共作用分析十八.土的动力性质--dynamicpropertiesofso strengthofsoils动强度velocitymethod波速damping材料阻尼damping几何阻尼ratio阻尼liquefaction初始液化periodofsoilsite地基有周期shearmodulusofsoils动剪切模量ma二十.地基基础抗震engineering地震工程dynamics土动力学ofearthquake地震持续时间responsespectrum地震反应谱intensity地震度magnitude震级predominantperiod地震卓周期accelerationofearthquake地震最大加速二十一.室内土工实验pressureconsolidationtest高压固结试验underK0conditionK0固结试验headpermeabil 变水头试验headpermeability常水头渗透试验triaxialtest不固结不排水试验(UU) undrainedtriaxialtest固结不排水试验(CU) drainedtriaxialtest固结排水试验(CD)test击实试验quickdirectsheartest固结快剪试验directsheartest快剪试验draineddirectsheartest慢剪试验analysis筛分析modeltest土工模型试验modeltest离心模型试验shearapparatus直剪仪sheartest直剪试验simplesheartest直接单剪试验triaxialtest三轴试验simpleshear动单剪（resonance）vibrationcolumntest自(共)振柱试验二十二.原位测试penetrationtest(SPT)标准贯入试验wavetest(SWT)表面波试验penetrationtest(DPT)动力触探试验conepenetration(SPT)静力触探试验loadingtest 静力荷载试验loadtestofpile单桩横向载荷试验loadtestofpile单桩竖向荷载试验test跨孔试验platetest螺旋板载荷试验test旁压试验sounding轻便触探试验settlementmeasurement 深层沉降观测sheartest十字板剪切试验permeabilitytest现场渗透试验porewaterpressuremeasurement原位孔隙水压量测soiltest原位试验。
土木工程常用英语术语(40P)
土木工程常用英语术语第一节一般术语1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称。
2. 工程结构设计design of building and civil engineering structures在工程结构的可靠与经济、适用与美观之间，选择一种最佳的合理的平衡，使所建造的结构能满足各种预定功能要求。
3. 房屋建筑工程building engineering一般称建筑工程，为新建、改建或扩建房屋建筑物和附属构筑物所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
4. 土木工程civil engineering除房屋建筑外，为新建、改建或扩建各类工程的建筑物、构筑物和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
5. 公路工程highway engineering为新建或改建各级公路和相关配套设施等而进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
6. 铁路工程railway engineering为新建或改建铁路和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
7. 港口与航道工程port ( harbour ) and waterway engineering为新建或改建港口与航道和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
8. 水利工程hydraulic engineering为修建治理水患、开发利用水资源的各项建筑物、构筑物和相关配设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
9. 水利发电工程（水电工程）hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering以利用水能发电为主要任务的水利工程。
土木工程专业英语大集合
土木工程专业英语大集合Learn standards and apply them. June 22, 2023土木工程专业英语词汇集1.建筑专业 1. ARCHITECTUREa.设计依据DESIGN BASISb.设计阶段DESIGN STAGEc.气象条件CLIMATE CONDITIONd. 常用房间名称GENERAL ROOM NAMEe. 屋面及天棚ROOFING & CEILINGf. 墙体外墙板 WALLCLADDINGg. 地面及地沟FLOOR & TRENCHh.门、玻璃、窗及五金件DOORS、GLASS、WINDOWS & IRONMONGERYHARDWAREI.楼梯、休息平台及电梯 STAIRCASE、LANDING & LIFTELEVATORj.建筑材料词汇及短语 BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES砖和瓦 Bricks and Tiles灰、砂和石Lime, Sand and Stone水泥、砂浆和混凝土Cement, Mortar and Concrete饰面及粉刷材料Facing And Plastering Materials沥青和石棉Asphalt Bitumen and Asbestos木材Timber金属材料Metallic Materials有色金属Non-Ferrous Metal防腐蚀材料Anti-Corrosion Materials建筑五金Building Hardware油漆Paintk.其他建筑术语 OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS专业Discipline一般术语Conventional Terms建筑物理Architectural Physics职务名称Name Of Professional role制图Drafting2.结构专业 2. STRUCTUREa. 负载 LOADb.地基和基础 GROUND BASE AND FOUNDATIONc.钢筋混凝土结构 REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE STRUCTUREd.钢结构 STEEL STRUCTUREe.抗震设计 DESIGN FOR ANTISEISMICf. 设计常用词汇GENERAL WORDS FOR DESIGNg.施工常用词汇 GENERAL WORDS FOR CONSTRUCTION1.建筑专业 1. ARCHITECTUREa. 设计依据DESIGN BASIS计划建议书planning proposals设计任务书design order标准规范standards and codes条件图information drawing设计基础资料basic data for design工艺流程图process flow chart工程地质资料engineering geological data原始资料original data设计进度schedule of designb. 设计阶段STAGE OF DESIGN方案scheme；draft草图sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion,minutes of meeting 谈判negotiation可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary design基础设计basic design详细设计detail design询价图enquiry drawing施工图working drawing, construction drawing竣工图 as built drawingc. 气象条件CLIMATE CONDITION日照sunshine风玫瑰wind rose主导风向prevailing wind direction最大平均风速maximum mean wind velocity风荷载 wind load最大平均降雨量maximum mean rainfall雷击及闪电thunder and lightning飓风hurricane台风typhoon旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量annual rainfall湿球温度wet bulb temperature干球温度dry bulb temperature冰冻期frost period冰冻线 frost line冰冻区frost zone室外计算温度calculating outdoor temperature采暖地区 region with heating provision不采暖地区 region without heating provision绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressure相对湿度 relative humidityd.常用房间名称GENERAL ROOM NAME服务用房service room换班室shift room休息室 rest room break room起居室living room浴室bathroom淋浴间 shower更衣室locker room厕所lavatory门厅 lobby诊室clinic工作间 workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室 archive电梯机房 lift motor room会议室正式 conference room衣柜间 ward robe暖风间接待处 reception area会计室 accountant room秘书室 secretary room电气室 electrical room控制室 control room工长室 foreman office开关柜室switch gear前室 antecabinet Ante.生产区 production area马达控制中心 Mcc多功能用房utility room化验室laboratory room经理室 manager room披屋阁楼penthouse警卫室 guard housee. 屋面及天棚ROOFING AND CEILING女儿墙 parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roof ridge坡度 slope坡跨比 pitch分水线 water-shed二毡三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic 附加油毡一层extra ply of felt檐口eave挑檐overhanging eave檐沟eave gutter平屋面 flat roof坡屋面 pitched roof雨水管汇水面积catchment area泛水flashing内排水 interior drainage外排水 exterior drainage屋面排水 roof drainage找平层 leveling course卷材屋面built-up roofing天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板 roofing board天花板 ceiling board防水层water-proof course检查孔 inspection hole人孔 ; 探空manhole吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板窗帘盒cornicef.墙体外墙板 WALL CLADDING砖墙brick wall砌块墙block wall清水砖墙brick wall without plastering 抹灰墙 rendered wall石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster board 空心砖墙 hollow brick wall承重墙 bearing wall非承重墙non-bearing wall纵墙longitudinal wall横墙transverse wall外墙external exterior wall内墙internal interior wall填充墙 filler wall防火墙 fire wall窗间墙 wall between window空心墙 cavity wall压顶 coping圈梁gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断glazed wall防潮层遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony伸缩缝 expansion joint沉降缝 settlement joint抗震缝 seismic joint复合夹心板sandwich board压型单板corrugated single steel plate外墙板 cladding panel复合板 composite panel轻质隔断light-weight partition牛腿 bracket砖烟囱 brick chimney勒脚基座 plinthg. 地面及地沟FLOOR AND TRENCH地坪grade地面和楼面ground and floor素土夯实rammed earth炉渣夯实tamped cinder填土filled earth回填土夯实tamped backfill垫层 bedding course, blinding面层covering, finish结合层 bonding binding course找平层 leveling course素水泥浆结合层 neat cement binding course混凝土地面concrete floor水泥地面cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concrete floor 水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring马赛克地面 mosaic flooring瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面 acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板 reinforced concrete slab Slab 乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo地面做2％坡floor with 2% slope集水沟 gully集水口 gulley排水沟 drainage trench沟盖板 trench cover活动盖板 removable cover plate集水坑 sump pit孔翻边 hole up stand电缆沟 cable trenchh. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS & IRONMONGERYHARDWARE门、玻璃、窗及五金件木钢门wooden steel door镶板门 panelled door夹板门 plywood door铝合金门aluminum alloy door卷帘门 roller shutter door弹簧门 swing door推拉门 sliding door平开门 side-hung door折叠门 folding door旋转门 revolving door玻璃门 glazed door密闭门 air-Tight door保温门thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mesh door防火门 fire door大门上的小门 wicket门框door frame门扇door leaf门洞door opening结构开洞structural opening单扇门single door双扇门 double door疏散门emergency door纱门 screen door门槛 door sill门过梁 door lintel上冒头 top rail下冒头 bottom rail门边木 stile门樘侧料 side jumb槽口notch百叶窗通风为主sun-bind, louver louver, shutter, blind 塑钢窗 plastic steel window空腹钢窗hollow steel window固定窗 fixed window平开窗side-hung window推拉窗sliding window气窗 transom上悬窗 top-hung window中悬窗 center-pivoted window下悬窗 hopper window活动百叶窗adjustable louver天窗skylight老虎窗 dormer window密封双层玻璃 sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel窗扇casement sash窗台window sill窗台板 window board窗中梃mullion窗横木 mutin窗边木 stile压缝条cover mould窗帘盒 curtain box合页铰链 hinge butts转轴 pivot长脚铰链 parliament hinge闭门器 door closer地弹簧 floor closer插销bolt门锁door lock拉手 pull链条chain门钩door hanger碰球 ball latch窗钩window catch暗插销 insert bolt电动开关器electrical opener平板玻璃 plate glass夹丝玻璃wire glass透明玻璃clear glass毛玻璃磨砂玻璃ground glass frosted glass防弹玻璃 bullet-proof glass石英玻璃 quartz glass吸热玻璃heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃polished glass着色玻璃pigmented glass玻璃瓦 glass tile玻璃砖 glass block有机玻璃organic glassI 楼梯、休息平台及电梯STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT ELEVATOR楼梯间 staircase疏散梯 emergency stair旋转梯 spiral stair circular stair吊车梯 crane ladder直爬梯 vertical ladder踏步step扇形踏步 winder wheel step踏步板 tread档步板 riser踏步宽度 tread width防滑条 non-slip insert strips栏杆 railing balustrade平台栏杆 platform railing吊装孔栏杆railing around mounting hole扶手 handrail梯段高度 height of flight防护梯笼protecting cage safety cage平台landing platform操作平台operating platform装卸平台platform for loading & unloading楼梯平台stair landing电梯机房lift mortar room电梯坑 lift pit电梯井道 lift shaftj. 建筑材料词汇及短语B UILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 砖和瓦Bricks and Tiles红砖red brick粘土砖 clay brick瓷砖glazed brick ceramic tile防火砖 fire brick空心砖 hollow brick面砖 facing brick地板砖 flooring tile缸砖 clinkery brick马赛克 mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦 glazed tile脊瓦ridge tile石棉瓦 asbestos tile shingle波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos cement sheet灰、砂和石 Lime, Sand and Stone石膏 gypsum大理石 marble汉白玉 white marble花岗岩 granite碎石crushed stone毛石 rubble蛭石 vermiculite珍珠岩 pearlite卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂course sand中砂medium sand细砂fine sand水泥、砂浆和混凝土Cement, Mortar and Concrete波特兰水泥普通硅酸盐水泥Portland cement硅酸盐水泥silicate cement火山灰水泥 pozzolana cement白水泥 white cement水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆 lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆混合砂浆cement-lime mortar保温砂浆thermal mortar防水砂浆water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆 alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆 bituminous mortar纸筋灰 paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰 hemp cut lime mortar灰缝 mortar joint素混凝土 plain concrete钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete轻质混凝土 lightweight concrete细石混凝土fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土foamed concrete炉渣混凝土cinder concrete饰面及粉刷材料Facing And Plastering Materials 水刷石granitic plaster斩假石 artificial stone刷浆 lime wash可赛银 casein大白浆 white wash麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster sectioned板条抹灰lath and plaster沥青和石棉 AsphaltBitumen and Asbestos沥青卷材asphalt felt沥青填料asphalt filler沥青胶泥asphalt grout冷底子油adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼脂asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝bitumastic oakum石棉板 asbestos sheet石棉纤维 asbestos fiber木材Timber裂缝crack透裂split环裂shake干缩shrinkage翘曲warping原木log圆木round timber方木square timber板材 plank木条 batten板条lath木板board红松red pine白松white pine落叶松 deciduous pine云杉 spruce樟木camphor wood防腐处理的木材preservative-treated lumber 胶合板plywood三五合板 35- plywood企口板 tongued and grooved board层夹板 laminated plank胶合层夹木材glue-laminated lumber纤维板fiber-board金属材料 Metallic Materials黑色金属 ferrous metal圆钢steelbBar方钢square steel扁钢steel atrap型钢steel section shape槽钢channel角钢angle steel等边角钢equal-leg angle不等边角钢unequal-leg angle工字钢 I-beam宽翼缘工字钢 wide flange I-beam丁之字钢 T-bar Z-bar冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steel shape 热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold-rolled冷拉cold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金钢alloy steel钛合金titanium alloy不锈钢 stainless steel竹节钢筋corrugated steel bar变形钢筋 deformed bar光圆钢筋plain round bar钢板steel plate薄钢板 thin steel plate低碳钢 low carbon steel冷弯 cold bending钢管 steel pipe tube无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe黑铁管 iron pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe铸铁cast iron生铁 pig iron熟铁 wrought iron镀锌铁皮galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝galvanized steel wire钢丝网 steel wire mesh多孔金属网expanded metal锰钢 l managanese steel高强度合金钢 high strength alloy steel 有色金属 Non-Ferrous Metal白金 platinum铜 copper黄铜 brass青铜 bronze银 silver铝aluminum铅 lead防腐蚀材料Anti-Corrosion Materials 聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene尼龙 nylon聚氯乙烯PVC polyvinyl chloride聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin乙烯基酯vinyl ester橡胶内衬 rubber lining氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆 bitumen paint环氧树脂漆 epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆 zinc oxide primer防锈漆 anti-rust paint耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint耐碱漆 alkali-resistant paint水玻璃 sodium silicate树脂砂浆resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂 epoxy resinBuilding Hardware 建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail环纹石膏板钉annular-ring gypsum board nail螺丝screws平头螺丝flat-head screw螺栓 bolt普通螺栓 commercial/plain bolt高强螺栓 high strength bolt预埋螺栓 insert bolt胀锚螺栓 cinch bolt垫片 washer油漆 Paint底漆 primer防锈底漆 rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint调和漆 mixed paint无光漆 flat paint透明漆 varnish银粉漆 aluminum paint磁漆 enamel paint干性油 drying oil稀释剂 thinner焦油 tar沥青漆 asphalt paint桐油 tung oil, Chinese wood oil红丹 red lead铅油 lead oil腻子puttyk. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语专业Discipline建筑architecture土木 civil给排水 water supply and drainage总图plot plan采暖通风、ventilation and air conditioning电力供应electric power supply电气照明 electric lighting电讯 telecommunication仪表instrument热力供应 heat power supply动力mechanical power工艺 process technology管道 piping一般通用名词Conventional Terms建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architectural style民用建筑civil architecture城市建筑urban architecture农村建筑 rural architecture附属建筑auxiliary buildings城市规划city planning厂区内 within site厂区外 offsite封闭式 closed type开敞式 open type半开敞式semi-open type模数制 modular system单位造价unit cost概算preliminary estimate承包商 constructor, contractor现场 site扩建 extension改建 reconstruction防火 fire-prevention防震 aseismatic, quake-proof防腐anti-corrosion防潮 dump-proof防水water-proof防尘 dust-proof防锈rust-proof车流量 traffic volume货流量 freight traffic volume人流量 pedestrian volume透视图 perspective drawing建筑模型 building model建筑物理 Architectural Physics 照明illumination照度degree of illumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光natural lighting光强light intensity侧光side light顶光top light眩光 glaze方位角 azimuth辐射 radiation对流convection传导conduction遮阳sun-shade保温thermal insulation恒温constant temperature恒湿constant humidity噪音noise隔音sound-proof吸音sound absorption露点dew point隔汽 vapor-proof职务名称Name Of Professional role项目经理project manager PM设计经理design manager首席建筑师principal architect总工程师chief engineer土木工程师civil engineer工艺工程师process engineer电气工程师 electrical engineer机械工程师 mechanical engineer计划工程师planning engineer助理工程师assistant engineer实习生 probationer专家specialist, expert制图员 draftsman技术员 technician制图 Drafting总说明 general specification工程说明project specification采用标准规范目录list of standards and specification adopted 图纸目录list of drawings平面图 plan局部放大图detail with enlarged scale．．．平面示意图schematic plan of...．．．平剖面图sectional plan of...留孔平面图plan of provision of holes剖面section纵剖面longitudinal section横剖面 cross transverse section立面 elevation正立面 front elevation透视图 perspective drawing侧立面 side elevation背立面 back elevation详图detail drawings典型节点typical detail节点号 detail No.首页front page图纸目录及说明list of contents and description 图例legend示意图diagram草图sketch荷载简图load diagram流程示意图flow diagram标准图standard drawing．．．布置图. layout of ..地形图topographical map土方工程图earth-work drawing展开图 developed drawing模板图formwork drawing配筋arrangement of reinforcement表格tables工程进度表working schedule技术经济指标technical and economical index建、构筑物一览表list of buildings and structures 编号coding序列号serial No.行和栏rows and columns备注remarks等级grade直线straight Line曲线curves曲折线 zigzag line虚线 dotted line实线 solid line影线 hatching line点划线 dot and dash line轴线axis等高线 contour Line中心线center Line双曲线hyperbola抛物线 parabola切线tangent Line尺寸线dimension Line园形 round环形 annular方形square矩形 rectangle平行四边形parallelogram三角形 triangle五角形 pentagon六角形 hexagon八角形 octagon梯形 trapezoid圆圈 circle弓形sagment扇形 sector球形的 spherical抛物面 paraboloid圆锥形 cone椭圆形 ellipse, oblong面积area体积volume容量capacity重量weight质量 mass牛顿/平方米 Newton/square meter 千克/立方米kilogram/cubic meter 加仑gallon千磅kip平均尺寸average dimension变尺寸 variable dimension外形尺寸overall dimension展开尺寸developed dimension 内径 inside diameter外径 outside diameter净重 net weight毛重gross weight净空clearance净高headroom净距clear distance净跨clear span截面尺寸sectional dimension 开间 bay进深 depth单跨single span双跨double span多跨multi-span标高elevation, level绝对标高absolute elevation设计标高designed elevation室外地面标高 ground elevation室内地面标高 floor elevation柱网column grid坐标 coordinate厂区占地site area使用面积usable area辅助面积service area通道面积passage area管架pipe rack管廊pipeline gallery架空管线overhead pipeline排水沟drain ditch集水坑 sump pit喷泉 fountain地漏floor drain消火栓 fire hydrant灭火器 fire extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器carbon dioxide extinguisher 卤代烷灭火器 halon extinguisher2. 结构专业STRUCTUREa. 荷载Load拔力pulling force标准值 standard value残余应力residual stress冲击荷载impact load, punch load残余变形residual deflection承压bearing承载能力bearing capacity承重bearing, load bearing承重结构bearing structure脆性材料brittle material脆性破坏brittle failure抵抗力resisting power, resistance吊车荷载crane load分布荷载distributed load风荷载 wind load风速 wind velocity, wind speed风压wind pressure风振wind vibration浮力 buoyance, floatage符号 symbol, mark负弯矩 negative moment, hogging moment附加荷载 additional load附加应力 additional stress副作用 side effect, by-effect刚度 rigidity刚度比 ratio of rigidity刚度系数rigidity factor刚接 rigid connection刚性节点rigid joint恒载dead load荷载传递transmission of load固端弯矩 fixed-end moment活荷载 live load积灰荷载 dust load集中荷载 concentrated load加载, 加荷 loading剪力shear, shearing force剪切破坏shear failure剪应变 shear strain剪应力 shear stress简支 simple support静定结构statically determinate structure截面模量modulus of section, section modulus 静力static force静力分析static analysis局部压力local pressure, partial pressure局部压屈local bulkling绝对值 absolute value均布荷载 uniformly distributed load抗拔力 pulling resistance抗剪刚度shear rigidity抗剪强度 shear strength, shearing strength抗拉强度tensile strength抗扭torsion resistance抗扭刚度 torsional rigidity抗弯 bending resistance抗弯刚度 bending rigidity抗压强度 compressive strength,可靠性 reliability可靠性设计reliability design拉力tensile force拉应力 tensile stress, tension stress拉应变 tensile strain, tension strain临界点critical point临界荷载 critical load临界应力critical stress密度density离心力centrifugal force摩擦力 friction force摩擦系数frictional factor挠度deflection内力internal force, inner force扭矩moment of torsion, torsional moment疲劳强度 fatigue strength偏心荷载eccentric load, non-central load偏心距eccentric distance, eccentricity偏心受拉eccentric tension偏心受压 eccentric compression屈服强度 yield strength使用荷载working load水平力 horizontal force水平推力horizontal thrust弹塑性变形 elastoplastic deformation弹性 elasticity, resilience, spring塑限 plastic limit弹性变形 elastic deformation弹性模量modulus of elastic, elastic modulus体积volume, bulk, cubature, cubage土压力 earth pressure, soil pressure弯矩bending moment, moment弯曲半径 radius at bent, radius of curve位移 displacement温度应力 temperature stress温度作用 temperature action系数coefficient, factor雪荷载snow load压应变compression strain压应力 compression stress应力集中 concentration of stress预应力 prestressing force, prestress振动荷载 vibrating load, racking load支座反力 support reaction自重 own weight作用action, effect作用点 point of application,application jointb. 地基及基础 Ground Base and Foundation板桩 sheet pile, sheeting pile板桩基础sheet pile foundation饱和粘土 saturation clay冰冻线frost line, freezing level不均匀沉降unequal settlement, differential settlement 残积土residual soil沉积物 deposit, sediment沉降 settlement沉降差difference in settlement沉降缝settlement joint沉井sinking well, sunk well沉箱 caisson持力层bearing stratum冲积alluviation锤夯hammer tamping档土墙 retaining wall, breast wall底板base slab, base plate, bed plate地板 floor board地基ground base, ground地基承载力ground bearing capacity地基处理ground treatment, soil treatment地基稳定base stabilization地梁ground beam, ground sill地下工程substructure work,understructure work地下室 basement, cellar地下水ground water地下水位groundwater level, water table地下水压力ground water pressure地质报告geologic report垫层bedding, blinding独立基础isolated foundation, individual foundation 端承桩end-bearing pile筏式基础raft foundation粉砂silt, rock flour粉质粘土silty clay粉质土 silty soil扶壁式档土墙buttressed retaining wall腐蚀corrosion覆土 earth covering刚性基础rigid foundation沟盖板trench cover固结consolidation灌注桩 cast-in-place pile, cast in site pile护坡slope protection, revetment护桩guard pile环墙 ring wall灰土lime earth回填backfill, backfilling回填土 backfill, backfill soil混凝土找平层concrete screed火山灰水泥trass cement基槽foundation trench基础foundation, base基础底板foundation slab基础埋深embedded depth of foundation基础foundation plan地基勘 site exploration, site investigation基坑foundation pit集水坑collecting sump阶形基础stepped foundation结合层 binding course, bonding course井点 well point井点排水 well point unwatering开挖excavation, cutting勘测exploration and survey勘测资料exploration data沥青 bitumen, asphalt, pitch联合基础combined foundation卵石cobble, pebble埋置embedment毛石基础rubble foundation锚筋anchor bar锚桩anchor pile密实度 compactness, density, denseness摩擦桩friction pile, floating pile粘土clay粘质粉土clay silt碾压roller compaction, rolling排水 drainage, dewatering排水沟drainage ditch排水孔 weep hole, drain hole排水设备dewatering equipment普通硅酸盐水泥ordinary Portland cement群桩grouped piles容许沉降permissible settlement容许承载力allowable bearing软土soft soil砂垫层 sand bedding course, sand cushion砂土sandy soil, sands砂质粉土sandy silt设备基础 equipment foundation水泥搅拌桩 cement injection素土夯实rammed earth, packed soil碎石桩stone columns弹性地基elastic foundation弹性地基梁beam on elastic foundation填方fill, filling填土earth-fill, earth filling, filling条形基础strip foundation土方工程earthwork挖方 excavation work, excavation箱形基础box foundation压实compaction, compacting压实系数 compacting factor验槽 check of foundation subsoil预制混凝土桩 precast concrete pile中砂medium sand重力式档土墙gravity retaining wall桩承台 pile cap钻孔桩bored pile钻探exploration drilling, drilling,最终沉降final settlementc.钢筋混凝土结构Reinforcement Concrete Structure 板缝slab joint板厚thickness of slab板式楼梯 cranked slab stairs板跨度 span of slab薄壁结构thin-walled structure薄腹梁 thin wedded girder保护层protective coating臂式吊车boom crane, boom hoist边梁edge beam, boundary beam变截面 variable cross-section变形缝movement joint变形钢筋deformed bar初凝initial setting, pre-setting次梁secondary beam大型屋面板precast ribbed roof slab单层厂房one-storied factory单筋梁 beam with single reinforcement单跨single span单向板 one-way slab垫块cushion block垫梁template beam吊车梁 crane beam, crane girder顶棚抹灰 ceiling plastering端跨end span, tail bay多跨连续梁multi-span beam翻边upstand反梁upstand beam分布钢筋distribution-bar封闭式箍筋closed stirrup附加钢筋additional bar刚架rigid frame, stiff frame钢筋reinforcement, steel bar, bar钢筋表 Bar Schedules钢筋笼steel reinforcement cage钢筋间距spacing of bars, bar spacing钢筋网, bar-mat reinforcement, mesh reinforcement 钢筋砖 reinforced brick勾缝joint pointing构架frame, gallows构件member, structural member构造construction构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement构造柱 constructional column, tie column构筑物structure箍筋 hoop reinforcement, hooping箍筋间距stirrup spacing固定端fixed end, retained end固端梁 fixed-end beam, fixed beam过梁lintel, breast summer混凝土强度等级 grade of concrete机制砖 machine-made brick剪力墙 shear wall简支梁 simply supported beam经济跨度economic span经济配筋率economic ratio of reinforcement劲性钢筋 stiff reinforcement劲性钢筋混凝土结构steel composite construction 径向钢筋radial reinforcement抗剪钢筋 shear reinforcement抗拉钢筋tension reinforcement受压钢筋compression reinforcement可见裂缝 visible crack刻痕钢丝indented steel wire坑pit, hollow, delve空斗墙 rowlock cavity wall, rolock wall空心板hollow slab空心砖隔墙 hollow tile partition跨度span框架 frame框架剪力墙结构frame-shear wall structure 拉接钢筋 tie bar栏杆railing, banister栏杆立柱 railing post老化 aging累积误差 accumulated error肋形楼板ribbed floor slab冷拔低碳钢丝 cold-drawn low-carbon wire冷脆性cold shortness, cooling brittleness冷弯cold bending冷轧 cold rolling离析segregation梁垫beam pad, template, pad梁挠度 beam deflection楼梯斜梁string, stringer螺旋楼梯spiral stair, winding staircase马鞍形壳 saddle shell锚固anchoring门框, 门樘door frame门式刚架 portal frame面砖, 墙面砖facing tile, wall tile耐火混凝土fire-resisting concrete排架 bent, bent frame女儿墙 parapet wall, parapet配筋率 reinforcement ratio配箍率stirrup ratio砌块 block圈梁 ring beam, tie beam, bond beam山墙gable深梁deep beam伸缩缝 expansion joint实腹梁 solid web girder实腹柱 solid web column竖向钢筋vertical reinforcement双向配筋two-way reinforcement素混凝土plain concrete筒中筒结构 tube-in-tube structure网状钢筋steel mesh reinforcement围堰cofferdam, coffer无梁楼盖flat slab, flat plate系梁tie beam预应力钢筋混凝土prestressed reinforced concrete预应力构件 prestressed component预制prefabrication预制板 precast slab预制构件prefabrication component预制装配式结构prefabricated construction折板folded plate, folded slab折板结构folded-plate structure主筋main reinforcement, main bar主梁main beam, girder柱距column spacing, post spacing装配式结构fabricated structure纵梁longitudinal beam纵剖面 longitudinal section纵向钢筋longitudinal bard. 钢结构 d. Steel Structure薄壁型钢light-gauge steel section, hollow steel section 不等肢角钢 unequal angle steel槽钢channel, channel steel背对背角钢组合angles back to back不锈钢 stainless steel除锈rust-removal粗制螺栓rough bolt, black bolt带钢strip steel, band iron单面焊 single weld, one-side welding地脚螺栓foundation bolt, anchor bolt,holding down bolt 点焊spot welding, point welding电动葫芦electric hoist等边角钢equal angle, equal leg angle 对接焊, 对焊 butt welding腹板 web plate, web腹杆web member腹板加劲件web stiffener杆rod, bar钢板steel plate钢管steel tube, steel pipe钢桁架 steel truss钢框架steel frame钢梯, 爬梯steel ladder高强度螺栓high strength bolt格构柱 lattice column工字梁 I-girder, I-beam工字钢 I-steel工字形截面 I-shaped cross-section焊缝welding seam焊接welding焊接长度weld length焊条welding rod桁架truss红丹底漆red lead primer红丹漆 red lead paint加劲肋 stiffening rib, rib stiffener加劲板 stiffening plate角钢angle steel节点joint, node节点板 gusset plate, gusset节点位移joint displacement节间长度panel length紧固螺栓 clamp bolt, fastening bolt 精制螺栓turned bolt可焊性weldability空腹桁架open-web truss空间桁架space truss肋板ribbed panel, ribbed slab连接板connecting plate, joint plate檩条purline螺母screw nut, nut螺栓bolt螺栓孔 bolt hole螺纹screw thread, thread螺纹长度length of thread螺纹钢 screw-threaded steel, twisted steel 拉杆tie rod, tension rod满焊full weld铆钉rivet锰钢manganese steel喷砂sand blasting轻钢结构lightweight steel construction三角架 tripod上弦 top chord, upper chord上弦横向水平支撑upper lateral bracing上弦纵向水平支撑upper longitudinal bracing平面桁架plane truss实腹刚架solid web rigid frame塔架pylon bent特种钢 special steel调和漆mixed paint贴角焊fillet weld, fillet welding托架bracket网架结构grid structure屋架roof truss, principal无缝钢管seamless steel pipe系杆tie rod, tie bar, tie下弦bottom chord, lower chord下弦横向水平支撑 bottom lateral bracing斜撑diagonal brace, diagonal bracing型钢section steel, shaped steel悬索suspended cable, suspension cable压力焊pressure welding仰焊overhead welding, inverted welding翼缘flange翼缘板 flange plate, cover plate轧制型钢rolled steel section支撑bracing, strutting铸铁管cast iron pipe组合槽钢 built-up channel组合截面built-up section,compound section自动焊接 automatic weldinge. 抗震设计 e. Design for Antiseismic鞭梢效应 whipping effect场地类别site classification场地土site soil单自由度体系single-degree of freedom system底部剪力法equivalent base shear method地震earthquake, seism地震烈度 earthquake intensity, seismic intensity 地震烈度区划图map of seismic intensity zoning地震影响系数seismic influence coefficient地震作用earthquake action多自由度体系 multi-degree of freedom system反应谱 response spectrum抗震earthquake resistance抗震缝seismic joint, aseismic joint抗震构造 aseismic construction抗震设防earthquake fortification抗震设计seismic design共振resonance基本周期foundamental period里氏震级Richter magnitude烈度intensity设计近震design near earthquake设计远震design far earthquake时程分析法time history method液化liquefaction振型vibration mode振型分解法modal analysis method震源 earthquake focus震中earthquake epicenter自由度degree of freedom自振周期 natural period of vibrationf. 常用设计词汇 f. General Words for Design 安装 installation, erection报价offer, quoted price报价单quotation壁柱pilaster, mural column变更alteration, variation, modification变形deformation标高elevation, level标准standard, criterion标准大样standard detail标准图 standard drawing补充规定 additional regulations补充说明additional remarks补充条件supplementary conditions不对称 asymmetry布置arrangement, layout布置图 layout plan, layout材料material材料表bill of materials材料强度strength of materials参见详图referring to detail drawing参考点 reference point参数parameter。
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土建专业常用英文词汇回填；回填土backfill回填物料backfill material逆火back-fire本底噪声；背景噪声background noise垫板；背板backing plate后勤地区；辅助埸地back-up area隔板；挡板baffle遮挡板baffle plate遮挡墙baffle wall调节池；均衡槽balance tank平衡锤balance weight平衡载重balanced load平冲器balancer平衡水管balancing pipeline露台balcony滚珠轴承ball bearing浮球阀；球形阀；波阀ball valve球窝接头ball-and-socket joint道碴ballast竹枝棚架bamboo scaffolding带式制动器band brake带夹band clamp尖啸警报banshee alarm钢筋bar tendon驳运地点barging area营房barrack管筒；芯管barrel方形桩barrette路障；障碍物barricade栏栅；护栏；障碍物；屏障barrier路障barrier block路闸barrier gate阻挡板barrier plate基座base路面下层；承重层；路基层base course 基架base frame基架绝缘器base insulator底板；垫板base plate底部密封胶base sealing平底板base slab底座支架base support基线；底线；基准线baseline基线计划baseline programme地库；地窖；地下室basement混凝土混和机；配料厂batching plant斜桩batter pile蓄电池battery蓄电池电压battery cell volt电池充电器battery charger电力机车battery electric locomotive电池电解液battery electrolyte电池推动装置battery-powered device闪光指示灯beacon焊珠bead横梁beam支座；支承；承座；轴承(啤令)；方向角bearing 承载力bearing capacity承重能力；承载能力bearing force支承垫片；承重垫片bearing pad支承桩bearing pile支承栓钉bearing pin支承垫板bearing plate支承应力bearing stress支承面bearing surface底层；层理bedding座板bedplate基层岩bedrock性能；状况behaviour斑马线灯；黄波灯Belisha beacon气囊；气囊筒bellow pot带；皮带belt皮带护罩belt guard皮带拉力belt tension弯角；弯位；路弯A-frame A型骨架bend弯曲力bending force弯曲应力bending stress贝克曼梁试验Benkelman beam test膨润土；膨土岩bentonite斜水平台渠berm channel停泊处；碇泊位berth斜角；斜面bevel偏移bias工料清单bill of quantities黏合料binder钻头bit沥青bitumen沥青外搪层；沥青外衬bitumen coating沥青纸bitumen felt沥青内搪层；沥青衬里bitumen lining沥青混凝土bituminous concrete沥青碎石bituminous macadam沥青防水膜bituminous waterproof membrane剪刀；叶片blade盲板法兰；盲板凸缘；管口盖板blank flange 封板blanking plate爆石；爆破blasting放气嘴；减压嘴bleed nipple溢流管bleed off pipe放气螺钉；减压螺钉bleed screw泌浆(混凝土)；泌水性(混凝土) bleeding 混合水泥blended cement混合控制blending control补路石砂；(填充表面孔隙的细石) blinding 楼宇平面图block plan放水；放气blow down放泄阀；排水阀blow down valve吹风机；鼓风机blower绕线管bobbin转向架bogie锅炉房boiler room沸点boiling point护柱；系船柱bollard安全岛指示灯bollard light护柱柱基；护柱基座bollard plinth承枕；横撑bolster螺栓bolt黏结；黏合；契约bond黏合层bond coat黏合应力bond stress吊杆boom增压泵booster pump增压抽水站booster pumping station增压变压器booster transformer增压水泵；增压抽水机booster water pump含硼水贮存箱borated water storage tank边境连接道路border link过境终站border terminus钻孔；内孔bore螺旋钻孔桩bored pile钻挖的隧道bored tunnel钻孔纪录borehole log硼酸boric acid钻探；冲孔boring钻探机；镗床boring machine采泥区；采料区borrow area樽颈；狭窄段bottleneck底部隆bottom heave底层bottom layer底板bottom plate巨砾boulder分界线；界线boundary盒形排水渠；盒形暗渠；箱形暗渠；方形去水渠box culvert受横向支撑的结构braced structure支撑bracing支撑结构bracing structure托架；支架bracket编织电缆braid制动器brake制动马力brake horse power制动器摩擦衬片brake lining刹车踏脚板brake pedal制动系统brake system制动器试验brake test制动系统测试器brake tester制动距离；刹车距离braking distance分支电路branch circuit支管；分支喉管branch pipe/pipework黄铜闸阀brass gate valve铜丝刷brass wire brush减压配水缸箱；水压调节池break pressure tank轧碎机；碎石机；隔断器；开关闸；断路器；保险掣breaker 抗断强度breaking strength击穿breakthrough防波堤breakwater通气孔；呼吸器breather砖brick砌砖工程brick works砖块brickwork桥梁bridge桥台bridge abutment桥式吊机bridge crane桥面板；桥板；桥面bridge deck桥大梁bridge girder桥墩bridge pier桥梁工程bridgeworks气泡贮存器bubble accumulator斗式输送机bucket conveyor压曲；压弯buckling压曲临界荷载buckling load缓冲；缓冲器；减震器buffer缓冲地区buffer area「建造、营运及移交」专营权build, operate and transfer (BOT) franchise 施工用升降机builder‘s lift楼宇；建筑物；大厦building建筑面积building area楼宇状况building condition建筑物建造；建筑营造building construction建筑物设计；建筑设计building design屋地；屋宇建筑用地building land建筑物料building material建筑图则building plan屋宇设备；屋宇装building services屋宇建筑地盘；工地building site屋宇建筑工程；楼宇建筑工程building works 大型挖掘工程bulk excavation works推土机；铲泥车bulldozer限速路面突块bump (road)缓冲器；防撞器；防撞杠bumper捆扎bunch；田基；堤bund墙bund wall堤保护区bunded area浮力buoyant force防盗警钟系统burglar alarm system埋入地下的混凝土buried concrete燃烧器；炉头burner爆裂bursting巴士转车处bus interchange巴士站上盖bus stop shelter巴士总站bus terminus导电条；母线(巴士巴) bus-bar对头熔接butt fusion welding对焊butt welding蝶形旋阀butterfly cock蝶形闸butterfly gate蝶形阀butterfly valve支墩buttress蜂音器；蜂鸣器buzzer绕道；支路；支管；旁通管by-pass旁通阀by-pass valve空心块 a block型框架 a frame a支座反力影响线 a line嵌饰abaciscus栏杆小柱顶abacus扶壁abamurus灯罩abat jour遮阳帘abat vent磨盘abbrasive wheel能力ability磨蚀酌ablation地面建筑物above ground structure 磨耗abrasion磨蚀性混凝土abrasion concrete耐磨硬度abrasion hardness磨耗试验机abrasion tester磨耗值abrasion value磨料abrasive耐磨骨料abrasive aggregates 研磨纸abrasive paper粗面瓷砖abrasive tile简化符号abridged notation塑料abs plastic abs绝对变形absolute deformation 绝对位移absolute displacement 绝对湿度absolute humidity绝对温度absolute temperature 绝对值absolute value绝对粘度absolute viscosity绝对重量absolute weight吸收剂滤器absorbent filter吸收能力absorbing ability吸声天花板absorbing ceiling吸收性介质absorbing medium 吸渗水井absorbing well消力池absorption basin吸声室absorption chamber吸收系数absorption coefficient声音吸收absorption of sound吸收频谱absorption spectrum吸收试验absorption test吸收性模壳absorptive forms散热abstraction of heat桥台;拱座;对接接斗abutment桥台墙abutment wall邻接房屋abutting buildings对接abutting joint毗连榫舌abutting tenon管井abyssinien well交羚路ac circuit科学城academic city研究院academy建筑学会academy of architecture叶形装饰acanthus促进剂accelerant加速老化accelerated ageing混凝土的加速养护accelerated curing of concrete 加速试验accelerated test加速风蚀accelerated weathering加速养护accelerating curing工程验收acceptance of work过道access balcony检查孔access hole接坡道access ramp进路access road进口隧道access tunnel辅助建筑物accessory building事故预防accident prevention技术安全规程accident prevention regulations 偶然荷载accidental loading居住设施accommodations折迭门accordion door折隔屏accordion partition积蓄accumulation蓄热accumulation of heat固定准确度accuracy of fixing计量准确度accuracy of measuring准确蝶accurate adjustment准确测量accurate measurement氧割机acetylene cutting machine乙炔焊acetylene welding无彩色achromatic color酸acid酸性砖acid brick耐酸砖acid proof brick耐酸涂料acid proof paint耐酸纸acid proof paper耐酸灰浆acid proofing mortar耐酸性acid resistance耐酸地板acid resistant floor耐酸钢acid resistant steel耐酸混凝土acid resisting concrete 耐酸构造acidproof construction吸声率acoustic absorptivity声学分析acoustic analysis声导率acoustic conductivity声学计算acoustic design声射散acoustic dispersion声干扰acoustic disturbance声场acoustic field滤声器acoustic filter声频acoustic frequency声学仪器acoustic instrument声学研究acoustic investigation声透镜acoustic lens声负载acoustic load吸声材料acoustic material声学测量acoustic measurement声辐射体acoustic radiator声阻acoustic resistance声共振acoustic resonance声影区acoustic shadow声信号acoustic signal声速acoustic velocity声波acoustic wave吸声板acoustical board吸声纤维板acoustical fiberboard隔声acoustical insulation吸音隔板acoustical lining吸声灰膏acoustical plaster隔音板acoustical screen吸声砖acoustical tile声学acoustics建筑声学acoustics of building丙烯酸尸acryl resin丙烯酸橡胶acrylic rubber光化玻璃actinic glass日光能量测定器actinograph光能测定actinometry酌原理action principle活性氧化铝activated alumina活性炭滤池activated carbon filter活性污泥activated sludge活性化activation织土压力active earth pressure活性材料active material能动式住宅太阳热取暖系统active residential solar heating system 活性activity工字续时间activity duration水泥活性activity of cement实际建筑期限actual construction time实际损坏actual damage实际尺寸actual dimension有效载荷actual load实际大小actual size实际强度actual strength锐角acute angle尖拱acute arch掺加化合物addition compound附加房屋additional building附加载荷additional load追加供给additional services掺合料additive附加物水泥additive cement加色法additive method粘结力adhesion stress粘着剂adhesive附着能力adhesive ability脱胶adhesive failure附着力adhesive force粘着性adhesiveness绝热养护adiabatic curing平洞口adit opening厢房adjacent accommodation窗棂adjacent of window邻屋adjoining building可第球铰链adjustable ball hinge可雕子窗adjustable grille可靛手adjustable spanner已蝶的净填土adjusted net fill蝶器adjuster窗开关蝶器adjuster for window蝶装置adjusting device第阀adjusting valve蝶楔块adjusting wedge混合物组份的第adjustment of mixture 行政办公楼administration building容许浓度admissible concentration容许值admissible value进气阀admission valve掺合剂效应admixture effects风干砖坯adobe brick干打垒结构adobe construction吸附物adsorbate反坡adverse slope加气混凝土ae concret充气水泥块aerated cement block真空式溢吝aerated spillway通气aeration曝气池aeration basin通风天窗aeration skylight天线杆aerial mast架空管横越aerial pipe crossing好气处理aerobic treatment飞机场aerodrome空气动力不稳定性aerodynamic instability 空气动力阻力aerodynamic resistance空气过滤器aerofilter喷涂器aerograph机场aeroport气溶胶涂料aerosol paint岭afflux造林工程afforestation construction二次空气过滤器after air filter二次冷却器after cooler后期硬化after hardening后热器after heater后净化after purification时效硬化age hardening龄期强度关系age strength relation老化ageing老化试验ageing test附加剂agent烧结矿渣泡沫混凝土agglomerate foam concrete 烧结炉agglomerating furnace烧结骨料aggloporite骨料aggregate骨料基层aggregate base骨料计量机aggregate batcher集料计量装置aggregate batching plant集料斗aggregate bin集料拌合aggregate blending集料水泥比aggregate cement ratio骨料涂层的镶板aggregate coated panel骨料外露aggregate exposure骨料级配aggregate gradation集料重量配料器aggregate weighing batcher 防老化剂aging proof agent混凝土搅拌汽车agitating truck搅拌槽agitation tank混合器搅拌装置;循环泵agitator建筑合同agreement for construction租赁契约agreement of lease农业建筑agricultural buildings农业城镇agricultural town集料水泥配料器agro cement batcher鼓风air blast气动防波堤air breakwater空心砖air brick气刷air brush空气胀air bulking换气air change换气率air change rate风道air channel通风道air chute空气循环air circulation空气净化器air cleaner气开关air cock空气收集器air collect设有空气第的房屋air conditioned building空气第air conditioning空气第负荷air conditioning load空气第设备air conditioning plant空气第室air conditioning room空气第装置air conditioning unit空气状态air conditions含气量air content风力输送air conveying空冷式冷凝器air cooled condenser空气冷却器air cooler空气冷却air cooling空气帘air curtain空气第阀air damper空气干燥air dehumidification需要风量air demand去除空气外加剂air detraining admixture 空气扩散器air diffuser空气扩散air diffusion空气扩散式曝气air diffusion aeration空气式挖掘机air digger排气格栅air discharge grille配风air distribution通气门air door吸风air draft气干材air dried lumber风锥钻air drill hammer通气管道air duct加气剂air entrained agent加气掺合剂air entraining admixture掺加气剂的水泥air entraining cement 夹杂空气air entrainment夹杂空气量试验air entrainment test排气air exhaust排气口air exhaust opening空气过滤air filtration气动泥刀air float气流air flow空气量计air flow meter气撂电器air flow switch密实混凝土air free concrete空隙air gap空气锤air hammer气硬灰浆air hardening mortar水泥空气硬化air hardening of cement 空气加热器air heater热风供热air heating气压提升机air hoist空气加湿air humidification空气湿润器air humidifier空气湿度air humidity气液千斤顶air hydraulic jack气渗air infiltration进气air inflow进气孔air inlet空气绝缘air insulation进气竖井air intake shaft空气套air jacket漏气air leakage漏气系数air leakage factor压缩空气杨水泵air lift气闸air lock大气监测air monitoring加气灰浆air mortar排风口air outlet送风量air output空气渗透因数air permeability factor 空气管路air pipe line喷注混凝土air placed concrete混凝土气力压送机air placer大气污染控制air pollution control空气预热器air preheater空气净化air purification压缩空气箱air receiver电器air register空气阻力air resistance空气铆锤air riveting hammer空气采样air sampling气凝性耐火水泥air setting refractory cement气凝性耐火灰浆air setting refractory mortar空隙比air space ratio供给空气air supply送风格栅air supply grille送气装置air supply plant送风系统air supply system气璃承结构物air supported structure风动打夯机air tamper气温air temperature气压试验air test气炼射距离air throw气密混凝土air tight concrete气密构造air tight construction气密门air tight door气密air tight seal气密性试验air tight test空气空气热交换式热回收组合机组air to air heat recovery unit 空气空气式空档统air to air system空气水热交换器air to water heat exchanger空气水第系统air to water system空气处理air treatment风量第air volume control空气水热力泵air water heat pump风动绞车air winch空传噪声airborne noise真空喷涂装置airless spray unit真空喷涂airless spraying飞机场设施airport facilities气滑式输送机airslide conveyor飞机跑道airstrip警报系统alarm system警报装置alarming apparatus对准aligning碱脱色alkali aggregate expansion因碱脱色alkali discoloration耐碱性alkali resistance抗碱玻璃纤维alkali resistant glass fiber 碱性土壤alkaline soil耐碱油漆alkaliproof paint醇酸涂料alkyd paint全空气式热力泵all air heat pump全空气式系统all air system全砖建筑all brick building全混凝土框架all concrete frame全玻璃门面all glass facade天然混合集料all in aggregate全金属建筑物all metal building全金属结构all metal construction全外部空气第系统all outside air system 全位置焊条all position electrode万能挖土机all purpose excavator万能绝缘材料all purpose insulation混合交通道路all purpose road多用途房all purpose room全带承窝的十字接头all socket cross全胶合板构造all veneer construction全焊接钢结构all welded steel structure 全木的建筑物all wood construction墙的较薄部分allege狭径alley杠杆式剪床alligator shears管扳手alligator wrench龟皱裂alligatoring容许支承压力allowable bearing pressure 容许承载力allowable bearing value容许误差allowable error容许噪声电平allowable noise level单桩容许荷载allowable pile bearing load容许压力allowable pressure容许应力计算allowable stress design容许应力法allowable stresses method容差allowance合金钢alloy steel冲积物alluvial deposit更迭alteration隔仓施工法alternate bay construction交变弯曲强度alternate bending strength 共轭深度alternate depths比较设计alternate design交变荷重强度alternate strength反复弯曲实验alternating bending test更迭载荷alternating load交替荷载试验alternating load test交变应力周期alternating stress cycle交变应力alternating stresses水位控制阀altitude valve氧化铝alumina高铝水泥alumina cement铝合金板aluminium alloy plate铝合金aluminium alloys镀铝结构aluminium coated fabric镀铝薄钢板aluminium coated sheet steel 铝箔aluminium foil铝粉aluminium powder铝材装饰aluminium trim铝涂层aluminized coating镀铝aluminizing铝质耐火砖aluminous fire brick铝土砂aluminous sand装饰窗玻璃ambetti周围空气ambient air周围介质ambient medium环境噪声ambient noise周围温度ambient temperature舒适amenities氨ammonia无定形材料amorphous materials无定形结构amorphous structure总值amount雨水量amount of rainfall安培ampere两栖铲土机amphibious shovel水陆建筑场地amphibious site半圆形露天剧场amphitheater增幅amplification地面地震振动振幅amplitude of ground motion 应力幅度amplitude of stress娱乐中心amusement center公共游乐场amusement park分析器analyser分析analysis逐步渐近法分析analysis by successive approximations 截面解析analysis of sections桁架结点分析analysis of truss joints桁架解析analysis of trusses水质分析analysis of water分析项目表analysis table解析方法analytic method锚固anchor锚承压板anchor bearing plate锚块anchor block锚定螺栓anchor bolt锚锥anchor cone锚固装置anchor device底水anchor ice锚式套管anchor male cone地脚螺母anchor nut锚桩anchor pile锚板anchor plate锚杆anchor rod锚拉杆anchor tie锚定墙anchor wall锚定粘结应力anchorage bond stress靠粘接锚固anchorage by bond锚具anchorage device锚固长度anchorage length钢筋锚具anchorage of reinforcement锚墩anchorage pier锚固区域anchorage zone锚定挡土板anchored bulkhead锚固挡土墙anchored retaining wall锚定板桩墙anchored sheet pile wall锚固型陶瓷面砖anchored type ceramic veneer 古代建筑ancient architecture消声室anechoic chamber自动风速计anemograph风速计anemometer风向计anemoscope角铁angle bar角条angle bead弯曲机angle bending machine角撑angle brace角铁托angle bracket角砖angle brick转角扶壁angle buttress角柱柱头angle capital环套角钢angle collar三角形盖板angle fillet角镘刀angle float屋脊瓦angle hiptile角钢angle iron角钢构架angle iron frame隅接angle joint斜照型照闷angle lighting luminaire 角荷载法angle loads method屋顶角angle of a roof偏离角angle of alteration弯头角度angle of bend曲率角angle of curvature偏差角angle of deviation位移角angle of displacement外摩擦角angle of external friction 塌落角angle of fall摩擦角angle of friction内磨擦角angle of internal friction 自然倾斜角angle of repose屋顶斜角angle of roof转动角angle of rotation剪切角angle of shear角支柱angle post角椽angle rafter型分支angle tee y角阀angle valve斜铲推土机angledozer棱角骨料angular aggregate角变形angular deformation无水石膏anhydrite无水石膏水泥anhydrite cement动物胶animal glue附属建筑annex年最大量annual flood年平均annual mean全年气温变化annual range of temperature 年径流annual runoff年第水库annual storage reservoir环形梁annular girder筒形拱顶annular vault圆箍线annulet阳极敷层anodic coating壁角柱anta前厅ante chamber瓦檐饰antefix隔声盖层anti drumming coating 防结皮剂anti skinning agent抗振机座anti vibration mounting 抗腐添加剂anticorrosion additive 防腐涂饰anticorrosive coating防蚀涂料anticorrosive paint腐蚀防止anticorrosive protection 遮阳板antidazzle visor抗泡添加剂antifoam additive防污涂料antifouling paint防冻附加剂antifreeze admixture 消声涂料antinoise paint抗氧化剂antioxidant抗反射涂层antireflective coating 防锈剂antirusting agent防锈油漆antirusting paint抗垂剂antisag agent防渗围堰antiseepage cofferdam 抗震结构antiseismic construction 防腐纸antiseptic paper防滑漆antislip paint反对称荷载antisymmetrical load 铁砧anvil公寓大楼apartment building公寓式旅馆apartment hotel公共住宅apartment house走廊通路公寓房屋apartment house of corridor access 门口aperture of door窗口aperture of window顶点apex顶石apex block仪器装置apparatus假凝聚力apparent cohesion表观密度apparent density表观弹性极限apparent elastic limit表观弹性范围apparent elastic range使用稠度application consistency使用寿命application life施力application of a force加载application of load屋顶油毡涂装application of roofing felt太阳能的利用application of solar energy酌点application point涂装技术application techniques外施荷载applied load外施力矩applied moment引道approach road引跨approach span近似分析approximate analysis 附件appurtenances窗底裙墙apron前护墙apron wall水域aquatorium渡槽aqueduct阿拉伯式花饰arabesque弧arc飞拱arc boutant电弧焊arc welding列拱arcade拱arch拱台arch abutment拱顶石arch apex拱杆arch bar拱面石arch block楔形砖arch brick拱桥arch bridge拱翘起arch camber拱圈中心arch center拱形屋面arch covering拱坝arch dam重力拱坝arch gravity dam凯旋门arch of triumph拱结构arch structure拱推力arch thrust拱形桁架arch truss无铰拱arch without articulation筒形屋顶arched barrel roof拱形梁arched beam穹窿arched ceiling拱形楼板arched floor拱形挡土墙arched retaining wall 拱形屋顶arched roof弧形溢吝arched spillway拱窗arched window建筑师architect建筑美术的architectonics建筑师协会architects association 建筑师办公处architect's office建筑外观architectural appearance 建筑用青铜architectural bronze建筑饰面architectural coating建筑群architectural complex建筑构图architectural composition 建筑构思architectural concept建筑保扩architectural conservation建筑结构architectural construction装饰建筑材料architectural constructional materials 建筑装饰architectural decoration建筑设计architectural design建筑绘图architectural drawing建筑表面装饰architectural finish建筑庭园architectural garden建筑小五金architectural hardware建筑照明architectural lighting建筑纪念碑architectural monument建筑柱式architectural order建筑公园architectural park建筑标本architectural pattern建筑规划architectural planning建筑空间architectural space装饰面层architectural surface建筑用陶砖architectural terra cotta建筑体积architectural volume建筑architecture档案室archives拱廊archway拱式建筑arcuated architecture面积area桩头面积area of pile head铆钉杆面积area of rivet shaft截面积area of section钢筋断面面积area of steel泥质石灰岩argillaceous limestone泥浆灌注法argillization氩弧焊argon arc welding干燥气候arid climate臂arm加强料armature加强梁armed beam包皮管armor hose防弹钢板armor plate铠装电缆armored cable配筋混凝土armored concrete有护面的混凝土楼板armored concrete floor 钢筋混凝土板armored concrete slab钢化玻璃armored glass铠装胶合板armored plywood包铁皮木材armored wood排列arrangement梁布置arrangement of beams区段布置arrangement of block墙面内的辅助拱arriere voussure边棱arris板肋arris of slab三角轨arris rail网格图arrow diagram艺术art美术馆art gallery美术博物馆art museum建筑艺术art of building干线排水管arterial drain公路干线arterial road承压水头artesian head泉井artesian well铰链式臂articulated boom活节联系articulated connection铰接式混凝土articulated hinge concrete 铰接系统articulated system人工老化artificial ageing人工骨料artificial aggregate人造橡胶artificial caoutchouc人造气候室artificial climate room人工采光artificial daylight人造纤维artificial fiber人造皮革artificial leather人工轻骨料混凝土artificial light weight aggregate concrete 人造大理石artificial marble人工干燥artificial seasoning人造石artificial stone人工通风artificial ventilation竣工图as built drawings原状砾石as dug gravel新浇混凝土as mixed concrete新混凝土as placed concrete石棉油毡asbestos base asphalt felt石棉毡asbestos blanket石棉板asbestos board石棉水泥asbestos cement石棉水泥封装asbestos cement cladding模板用石棉水泥板asbestos cement form board石棉水泥管asbestos cement pipe石棉水泥板asbestos cement sheet石棉布asbestos cloth石棉纤维asbestos fiber石棉挡火幕asbestos fire curtain石棉水泥灰浆砂asbestos mortar石棉填料asbestos packing抗震措施aseismatic construction耐震设计aseismic design防震缝aseismic joint防腐条件aseptic condition灰渣混凝土ash concrete清灰ash removal方琢石ashlar面砖ashlar brick琢石镶面ashlar facing琢石圬工ashlar masonry方石砌面ashlar stone facing砌琢石;阁楼立柱ashlaring灰坑ashpit纵横比aspect ratio石油沥青asphalt石棉沥青混凝土asphalt asbestos沥青底层asphalt base course沥青结合料层asphalt binder course沥青胶结料asphalt cement沥青涂布复合物asphalt coating compound 沥青混凝土底层asphalt concrete base沥青混凝土路面asphalt concrete pavement 地沥青面层asphalt covering沥青地面asphalt floor沥青加热器asphalt heater地沥青缝填料asphalt joint filler沥青混凝土整平层asphalt levelling course沥青碎石路asphalt macadam地沥青粘剂asphalt mastic沥青膜asphalt membrane石油沥青灰浆asphalt mortar沥青涂面层asphalt overlay沥青漆asphalt paint地沥青路面结构asphalt pavement structure 沥青底漆asphalt prime coat沥青路asphalt road地沥青封缝层asphalt seal coat沥青稳定土asphalt soil stabilization沥青砖asphalt tile地沥青水泥混凝土asphaltic cement concrete 油毛毡asphaltic felt浇灌沥青asphalting吸入管道aspiration pipe安装assemblage装配工assembler装配场地assembling area装配图assembling drawing安装地面assembling floor装配工具assembling tool安装工作assembling work装配线assembly line装配件assembly parts会议室assembly room装配台assembly stand圆柱石assize计算载荷assumed load不对称构造asymmetric structure非对称负载asymmetrically placed load平面交叉at grade intersection土的静压系数at rest earth pressure coefficient 男像柱atlantes大气atmosphere大气吸收atmosphere absorption常压冷凝器atmospheric condenser大气检验atmospheric monitoring大气压atmospheric pressure大气辐射atmospheric radiation底压蒸汽养护atmospheric steam curing原子爆破开挖atomic blast excavation原子能电站atomic power station原子反应堆atomic reactor原子反应堆建筑物atomic reactor containment structure 喷雾atomization喷雾装置atomization mechanism喷雾器atomizer喷雾撒布atomizing application前庭atrium附加车库attached garage衰减系数attenuation factor阿太保试验atterberg test屋顶室attic屋顶房attic room屋顶水箱attic tank屋顶通风窗attic window引痢坝attracting groyne大讲堂auditorium钻孔机auger万能螺旋钻式回填机auger backfiller螺旋钻孔桩augered pile高压锅autoclave高压蒸气养护的加气混凝土autoclaved aerated concrete 热压处理过的水泥autoclaved cement热压处理过的混凝土制品autoclaved concrete product压热痞理周期autoclaving cycle汽车起重机autocrane自热养护autogenous curing气割机autogenous cutting machine混凝土裂缝自行愈合autogenous healing of concrete 自生收缩量autogenous shrinkage自然容积变化autogenous volume change气焊autogenous welding自动装卸机autoloader自动空气第automatic air conditioning自动排气阀automatic air valve自动电焊机automatic arc welding machine自动配料计量器automatic batcher自动化锅炉automatic boiler自动闭合装置automatic closing device自动防火门automatic closing door自动控制阀automatic control valve自动切断机automatic cutting off table自动式阻尼计量器automatic damping batcher scale 自动设计automatic design自动检测automatic detection自动装置automatic device自动门automatic door电动式门开闭装置automatic electric door opener自动升降机automatic elevator自动消防系统automatic fire protection system自动灭火泵automatic fire pump自动冲洗水箱automatic flushing cistern自动煤气燃烧的水加热器automatic gas fired water heater 自动闸门automatic gate自动供热automatic heating自动开闭门automatic opener自动氧气切割automatic oxygen cutting自动回水管路automatic return of water自动回水隔汽阀automatic return trap自动虹吸automatic siphon自动烟感器automatic smoke detector自动犬系统automatic sprinkler system自动衡量计automatic weigher自动溢吝automatic weir自动焊机automatic welding machine自动化automation汽车automobile自治城市autonomous city有技术设施的独立住宅autonomous house具有升降机塔式汽车库autosilo多车道高速公路autostrada便桥auxiliary bridge辅助起重机auxiliary hoist辅助预加应力auxiliary prestressing便缘auxiliary rafter辅助钢筋auxiliary reinforcement便梯auxiliary stairs防坍构筑物墙avalanche baffle wall雪崩荷载avalanche load防坍堤avalanche protection dike雪崩阻滞工程avalanche protection works房屋皱凸出的一部分avant corps林荫路avenue年平均雨量average annual rainfall平均粘结应力average bond stress平均量average flow平均坡度average grade平均负荷average load平均温度average temperature平均照度averge illumination更生水泥awakened cement更生混凝土awakened concrete尖锥awl遮篷awning遮阳百叶窗awning blind琢石axed work锤斧axhammer轴向变化axia strain轴两通风机axial flow fan轴向力图axial force diagram轴向惯性矩axial moment of inertia 轴向预加应力axial prestressing轴向固定axial restraint轴向拉力axial tension横轴axis of abscissas重力轴axis of gravity纵座标轴axis of ordinates投影轴axis of projection轴对称荷重axisymmetrical loading 轴荷载axle load轴测投影axonometric projection轴侧投影axonometric view后面back拱背back arch背面back facade底面涂漆back painting背压力back pressure手锯back saw逆哩back surge背对背房屋back to back houses支撑块back up block背墙back up wall背视图back view背衬板backer board回填土压实机backfill compactor逆止阀backflow barrier背景供热background heating背景噪声级background noise level反向铲铲土机backhoe pullshovel后屋backhouse背衬砖backing brick底面涂层backing coat背面抹灰的构造backplastered construction 拉霜定backstay anchor逆柳动backwater jump滞水构造物backwater structure后院backyard生物滤池bacteria bed管道清理器badger槽刨badger plane嵌填膏泥badigeon覆面漆baffle paint消力柱baffle pier隔板baffle plate袋装粉尘净化装置bag cleaning device袋输送器bag conveyor袋状坝bag dam滤袋式滤清器bag filter水泥袋bag of cement运行李电梯baggage elevator装袋工作bagwork横木把手bail handle烧结砖baked brick烧搪瓷装修baked enamel finish酚醛尸水泥bakelite cement烧成baking平衡压力balance pressure平衡贮水池balance storage平衡悬臂架设法balanced cantilever method胶合板平衡结构balanced construction of plywood 平衡式通风balanced draught填挖平衡的土方工程balanced earthworks吊挂装配balanced erection吸引力配平的烟道balanced flue。