湖北省广水市文华高中2013-2014学年高二3月月考英语
高二上学期月考试卷月考卷
高二上第一次月考第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)21．_______ at the theater , he found the ticket a friend gave him was left at home.A. To arriveB. On arrivingC. While arrivedD. On arrived22. After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane ____her job as a doctor in the countryside .A .set out B. took over C. took up D. set up23. Follow the man and keep him in_ ___all the time.A. sightB. viewC. opinionD. purpose24. _____for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.A. BlamingB. BlamedC. To blameD. To be blamedhurried to the station only ____that the train had left.A. to findB. findingC. foundD. to be found26. While watching the TV, _________A. the doorbell rangB. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ringD. we heard the doorbell rings27. ____straight on and you will see a churchA. GoB. GoingC. If you goD. When going28 .The teacher _____ his students______ five groups..A divid ed…into B. separated…from .C. separated…into… D. divided…fromUnited Kingdom of Great Britain _______ three main parts, England, Scotland and WalesA. is made upB. makes upC. consists ofD. is consisted of30. A quarrel _________, which made him ______ his family.A. was broken out; break awayB. broke out; break away fromC. was broken away; break downD. broke down; break out31. He _______ the enemy and was raised to the rank of general as a reward.A. wonB. hitC. stuckD. defeated32. -----Would you like to ______ us in celebrating John’s return from Africa tonight-----I’d like to, but I have to _______ a meeting.A. join; attendB. attend; joinC. take part in; attendD. join; join in33. Our English teacher is very strict _____ us and ______ his teaching.A. with; onB. with; inC. to; onD. to; in34. ________ that 10 dollars, I have another ten given by my mother.A. ExceptB. Apart fromC. Except for D . Except that35. -----_____ to the sun, the flower will become dry soon.-----What you said does make _____.A. Exposed; senseB. Exposing; senseC. Exposed; sensesD. Exposing; a sense第二节：完形填空一预招班做（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）“Where would we be right now if I did not have the restaurant How else would I be able to provide for our family Who give me, a man without 36，a job” My father 37 say these things on our car rides to the stores that supply our 38.He would tell me stories of long, hard hours spent 39 in the hot kitchen and helping all the 40. Now I 41 late on weekends to welcome him when he comes home， 42 that he will tell me something43 .He always knows how to inspire me. I could never understand 44 he grew to be so wise without even having the opportunity to completehigh school.“Make sure you get a job 45 you have to wear a tie!” he’d always say with a smile. They were like a paintbrush(画笔) that began 46 this beautiful picture in my head that I have entitled(有资格的)my 47 in life.My father has worked day in and day out，with few days off, for 20 years, never 48 .He would explain how this is 49 he had to do to make my 50 better. My father worked so I 51 go to the best schools. He worked to supply me with 52 that would provide a job where I had to wear a tie.My father is a 53 in which I can only hope to catch a reflection(反省)of myself. He is the one I strive to model myself after. 54 , when I make a great name for myself as a doctor, someone will ask, “Where did you get such a gre at work ethic (道德) ”“My father!” I’ ll say, adjusting(调整) my 55 and I’ ll smile.36. A work B family C money D an education37. A used to B would C always D might38. A family B kitchen C restaurant D hotel39. A to work B work C works D working40. A friends B cooks C customers D waiters41. A hold up B keep up C stand up D stay up42. A wished B wishing C hoped D hoping43. A wonderful B interesting C big D wise44. A why B how C where D when45. A when B where C which D that46. A drawing B describing C imagining D painting47. A job B success C goal D future48. A complained B complains C complaining D complaint49. A what B that C which D why50. A job B life C days D future51. A would B could C should D should52. A opportunities B hopes C occasions D possibilities53. A model B mirror C hero D example54. A The other day B Another day C Some days D One day55. A tie B suit C dress D shirt完形填空二普通班做Michel is a young girl who works for the police 36 a handwriting expert (专家). She has helped 37 many criminals (罪犯) by using her special talents (天才).When she was fourteen, Michel was already 38 interested in the differences in her friends' 39 that she would spend hours 40 them. After 41 college she went to France for a 42 two-year class in handwriting at the School of Police Science.Michel says that it is 43 for people to hide their handwriting. She can discover 44 of what she needs to know simply 45 looking at the writing with her own eyes, 46 she also has machines 47 help her make 48 different kinds of paper and ink. This knowledge is often 49 great help to the police.Michel believes that handwriting is a good 50 of what kind of person the 51 is. "I wouldn't go out with a fellow 52 I didn't like his handwriting. " She says. But she 53 she fell in love with her future husband, a young policeman 54 she studied his handwriting. It is later proved to be 55 , however.36 A. with B. by C. like D. as37 A. search B. follow C. catch D. judge38 A. so B. too C. quite D. extra39 A. books B. letter C. tongues D. handwriting40 B. studying C. settling D. uncovering41 B. finishing C. starting D. stepping into42 A. powerful B. natural C. special D. common43 B. safe C. easy44 A. most B. nothing C. little D. sight45 A. with B. by C. of D. about46 A. so B. for C. thus D. but47 A. they B. in which C. that D. those48 A. up B. out C. for D. into49 A. of B. to C. with D. for50 A. test B. sign(标记) C. means D. habit51 A. thief B. criminal C. writer D. policeman52 A. whether B. unless C. if D. after53 A. adds B. tells C. repeats D. cries54 A. before B. after C. so D. and55 B. all right D. quite easy第三部分：阅读理解普通班做A、B、E、F篇;预招班A、B、C、D篇（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）A（预、普）Nearly everyone is shy in some ways. If shyness is making you uncomfortable, it may be time for a few lessons in self-confidence. You can build your confidence by following some suggestions from doctors and psychologists.Make a decision not to hold back in conversations. What you have to say is just as important as what other people say. And don’t turn down party invitations just because of your shyness. Prepare for yourself for being with others in groups. Make a list of the good qualities you have.Then make a list of ideas, experiences, and skills you would like to share with other people . I think about what you would like to say in advance. Then say it.If you start feeling self-conscious in a group, take a deep breath and focus your attention on other people, Remember, you are not alone. Other people are concerned about the impression they are making, too.No one ever gets over being shy completely, but most people do learn to live with their shyness. Even entertainers admit that they often feel shy. They work at fighting their shy feelings so that they can face the cameras and the public. Just making the effort to control shyness can have many rewards. But perhaps the best reason to fight shyness is to give other people a chance to know about you.would this article probably appearA.In a popular magazineB.On the top-line position of a newspaperC.In a science textbookD.In an encyclopedia(百科全书)57. The main purpose of the article is to _____.A. explain how shyness developedB .recommend ways of dealing with shynessC. persuade readers that shyness is naturalD. prove that shyness can be overcome58. Which of these can you conclude from reading the articleA.Shy people never have any funB.Entertainers choose their work to fight shynessC.The attempt to overcome shyness is always successfulD.The attempt to overcome shyness is always rewarding59. Who probably gives the suggestion for fighting shynessA. The author of the articleB. Shy men and womenC. Doctors and psychologistsD. Popular entertainersB（预、普）A new plan for getting children to and from school is being started by a local government in Eastern England. This could end the worries of many parents fearful for their children’s safety on the roads.Until now the local government have only been prepared to provide bus services for children living more than three miles from their school, or sometimes less if special reasons existed. Now it has been decided that if a group of parents ask for help in organizing transport they will be prepared to go ahead, as long as the arrangement will not lose money and children taking part will be attending their nearest school.The new plan is to be fired out this term for children living at Milton who attend Impington School. The children live just within the three-mile limit and the local government said in the past that they would not undertake to provide free transport to the school . But now they have agreed to offer a sum of money for a bus service from Milton to Impington and back, a plan which has the support of the school’s headmaster. Between 50 and 60 parents have said they would like their children to take part . Final calculations have still to be carried out, but a government official has said the cost to parents should be less than ￡20 a term. They have been able to arrange the service at a low cost because there is already an agreement with the bus company for a bus to take children who live further away to Impington . The same bus would now just make one more journey to pick up the Milton children. The official said they would get in touch with other groups of parents who in the past had asked if transport could be provided for their children , to see if they would like to take part in the new plan. is the aim of the planA.To prevent the students’ road accidentsB.To relieve the traffic pressureC.To save time for the parents and studentsD.To help the parents save money61. How can the local government arrange the new bus service at a low costA.By letting the bus run in the morning onlyB.By limiting the number of the studentsC.By getting the support from the headmasterD.By linking the new bus service with the existing one62. Which of the following is possible if the plan is carried outA.The bus company will make much more moneyB.The children can choose whatever school they likeC.The parents can get rid of their worriesD.The students in Impington School can have free bus rides63. This passage is most probably _____A. a personal letterB.an advertisementC. a headmaster’s reportD. a newspaper articleC（预）Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something that has not been said before. He hopes that the public will listen and understand ----he wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn fromhim.What visional artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experience into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain choice of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is very interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have notice these particular shapes and colors ,or have felt the delight which they brought to the artists.Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in movement and at rest; their choices show that these aspects(方面)of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sights. Modern artists might say that they only choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose totally without thinking about the character of their subjects.If one painter chooses to paint a decaying(溃烂的) leg and another a lake in moonlight, each of them is directing our attention to a certain aspect of the world . Each painter is telling us something , showing us something , emphasizing something----- all of which means that, consciously or unconsciously, he is trying to teach us.is hard to explain what a painter is saying because _______.A. most painters do not express themselves wellpainter uses unusual words and phrasespainter use shapes and colors instead of wordspainters do not say anything65. Modern artists might say their choice of subjects ______.A.carries a message to the public provides interesting patternsno pattern or form D. teaches the public important truths66. The writer says that modern art contains______A. nothing but meaningless patterns aspects of the worldC. subjects chosen partly for their meaningD. completely meaningless subjectsD（预）Cole Bettles had been rejected by a number of universities when he received an e-mail from the University of California, San Diego, last month, congratulating him on his admission and inviting him to tour the campus. His mother booked a hotel in San Diego, and the 18-year-old Ojai high school senior arranged for his grandfather, uncle and other family members to meet them at the campus for lunch during the Saturday tour.“They were like ‘Oh my God, that’s so awesome （棒的）’，” Bettles said. Right before he got in bed, he checked his e-mail one last time and found another message saying the school had made a mistake and his application had been denied.In fact, all 28, 000 students turned away from UC San Diego, in one of the toughest college entrance seasons on record, had received the same incorrect message. The students’ hopes had been raised and then dashed （破灭） in a cruel twist that shows the danger of instant communications in the Internet age.UCSD admissions director Mae Brown called it an “administrative error” but refused to say who had made the mistake, or if those responsible would be disciplined （受训）。
湖北省云学名校联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期3月联考英语试卷
湖北省云学名校联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期3月联考英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Are you anxious about how to spend your holiday with your kids effectively? Are you at a loss due to not knowing how to stimulate your kids’ interest? Now just satisfy your teens’ desire for the unusual in Bristol with shopping and attractive art.MAKING THEIR MARKWhile it can be tough to persuade some teens to embrace art, you’ll find it easier in Bristol. You won’t have to rack your brains (绞尽脑汁) to encounter the handiwork of the city’s famous one, because there are more than 200-odd street artists in the city where The Wall offers a two-hour tour of the must-see works and Bristol’s 30 years of graffiti history. There are spray-painting workshops too, if your teens want to give it a shot.A WHOLE NEW WORLDIf all that graffiti leads to a new-found interest in art, then the next step is Wake The Tiger, a new art experience. Through mysterious creative works, hidden forests and secret passageways, you and your family will enter the magic world. It’s perfect for teen fantasy fans.ON LOCATIONRemember Skins? The 00s drama was a hit with teens for its realistic plot, and now a new one is discovering it on Netflix. Much of the show was filmed in Bristol and the Bristol Film Office has put together a map of all of the key locations. Visit Bristol and the Bristol Film Office have also mapped other hit shows, including Sherlock and Doctor Who. VINTAGE FINDSIf your teens are keen to develop their vintage (复古的) rock style, take them to Park Street to discover the vintage shops, including Uncle Sam’s Vintage, perfect for everything from American varsity (校队的) jackets to Levi’s jeans, as well as The Vintage Thrift Store, Loot Vintage and Sobeys.1．Why does the author recommend Bristol?A．Because it is easier to learn art here.B．Because artists here are more famous.C．Because there are numerous great artists and works.D．Because it has longer graffiti history than other cities.2．What can’t teens do in Bristol?A．Buy vintage jeans.B．Be exposed to maps of film.C．Encounter famous film stars.D．Pay a visit to the splendid graffiti history. 3．Who is the target of this article?A．Artists B．Parents C．Teenagers D．Fans of paintingOnce referred to as an ‘Insta-hiker’, Josh is a juggler (玩杂耍的人) of many different joys: his wife, children, friends, job as a Corporate Actions analyst, a directorship at Black Professionals Scotland. The label could be far from the truth.His job is high-pressured and time-sensitive, a suit-and-tie environment, in which one tiny mistake can cost millions. But hill walking is not a way to run from reality. “I’m not escaping from anything,” Josh claims firmly. You wouldn’t encourage someone to live for their job, and he applies that logic to the things he loves to do, welcoming the outdoors into his life on his own terms.Rather, people means everything to Josh. “I’m not a solo explorer. It’s about the journey, people and conversations, the little moments as much as it is about big moments.” This inspired Black Scottish Adventurers. His relationship with the Highlands began keeping pace with his move to Scotland over a decade ago, born of a sense of fun and freedom, rather than a desire for challenge.With over a decade of hillwalking behind him, Josh started encouraging Black people into the mountains through a WhatsApp group for like-minded individuals. Now, the BSA community and team are promoting inclusion and outdoors access for the Black community.Josh says, “Being in the hills is an extension of my life, of who I am, and who I want to be.” He goes into the mountains when he wants to, in order to integrate with the natural world. But he’s as likely to see friends in Edinburgh as he is to walk a Munro. He quickly admits “I’m a social animal, anyway!”Josh’s ability to live in the moment, mountainside or not, is refreshing. He gives “glory to those who seek the mountains as a shelter,” but adds, “I want to find balance between doing what I love and being with people I love so I don’t put myself in a hole. I strengthen the relationships I have with my non-hillwalking family and friends, and won’t separate myselffrom possibilities.”4．Why does Josh climb mountains?A．To escape from stressful work.B．To enjoy the pleasure and freedom.C．To satisfy his curiosity about nature.D．To encourage black people to live for job.5．What does Josh do for Black people?A．Make hill accessible to them.B．Further inclusion of black people.C．Encourage them to climb mountains.D．Help them find balance between work and play.6．What does the author want to tell us in the last but one paragraph?A．Josh expects to be an adventurer.B．Josh gets lost in his pressured work.C．Josh thinks highly of hillwalking as well as friends.D．Josh climbs mountains so as to make peace with nature.7．Which words can describe Josh best?A．Considerate and warm-hearted.B．Cautious and people-centered.C．Ambitious and highly-motivated.D．Straightforward and independent.Shenzhen in Guangdong province has become the first city in China to allow specialist nurses to prescribe (开药方) selected drugs and order tests, in a move that is expected to increase efficiencies in the healthcare system and reduce the patient-load burden on physicians.Under a new rule in October that took effect in January, eligible nurses will be permitted to order examinations, treatments considering their expert skills and knowledge of specialist nursing or community healthcare. Their prescriptions must be based on existing diagnoses (诊断) made by physicians.To become a nursing specialist, applicants should have a bachelor’s degree in nursing, five years of working experience, obtained an advanced nursing qualification and have attended a months-long specialist training program and passed a final test.“Medical institutions must review inappropriate prescriptions given by nurses,” said the regulation. “Nursing specialists who are found to have given three or more improper prescriptions will have their prescribing power stopped for three to six months and will haveto undergo retraining before regaining the authorization,” it added.“Considering the difference in professional positioning, medical education background and work experience between physicians and nurses, it is necessary to fully analyze the necessity and practicability of the nurses’ prescriptive authority,” the commission said.Zhou Wensi has a bachelor’s degree in nursing and is now a specialist nurse in periodontitis (牙周炎) , or gum disease, at Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital in the city’s Pingshan district.“Our hospital has not begun allowing us to prescribe. If the rule goes into effect in the future, we’ll likely be able to directly prescribe mouthwash, anti-inflammatory drugs and painkillers to patients,” she said.However, she also noted that most patients visiting the hospital are in need of treatment delivered by doctors with assistance from nurses like her, so the new regulation is not expected to have a major impact.8．Why does Shenzhen give permission for specialist nurses’ special rights?A．To improve the overall ability of the specialist nurses.B．To speed up the development of the healthcare system.C．To enhance the work efficiency and lighten doctors’ load.D．To respond to the demands of doctors, nurses and patients.9．What does the word “eligible” underlined in the second paragraph refer to?A．well-recognized B．Qualified C．flexible D．hard-working 10．What do we learn about the new regulation?A．A specialist nurse should follow the rules strictly.B．No institutions take charge of the prescriptions .C．Not all specialist nurses can prescribe drugs freely .D．A specialist nurse always has the prescribing power.11．What is Zhou Wensi’s attitude toward the prospect of nurses’ prescribing drugs?A．Doubtful.B．Indifferent.C．Neutral.D．Hopeful.In the rich countries of the West, the electric vehicle revolution is well underway. Climate-conscious consumers drive Teslas or Polestars for reasons of morality and fashion. Poorer countries are also experiencing a wave of electrified trend. In Bangladesh, electric three-wheeler taxis, known as tuk-tuks, are rapidly replacing gas-powered ones on the streets.Such electric vehicles are climate friendly, cost effective, and help reduce air pollution.Yet a glance under the hood (引擎盖) of these vehicles reveals a poisonous secret: each tuk-tuk runs on five massive lead-acid batteries, containing almost 300 pounds of lead in total. Every year and a half or so, when those batteries need to be replaced and recycled, about 60 pounds of lead leak into the environment. Battery recycling, often at small-scale unregulated factories, is a highly profitable but deadly business.Lead is dangerous, and any exposure to it is harmful to human health. Lead that has entered the environment hurts people on an extraordinary scale. The numerous ways lead enters air, water, soil, and homes across the developing world — and the enormous damage it does to human health, wealth, and welfare — causes one of the biggest environmental crises in the world yet receives little attention.The World Bank estimates that lead kills 5. 5 million people per year, which would make it a bigger global killer than AIDS, malaria, diabetes, and road traffic deaths combined. On top of the shocking deaths, the social burden of lead poisoning is extraordinary, as is its contribution to global inequality — our research on the cognitive effects of lead poisoning suggests that it may explain about one-fifth of the educational achievement gap between rich and poor countries.But unlike many challenges faced by developing countries, lead poisoning is a problem that is fixable with some attention and a relatively modest financial investment. Better monitoring, research, and rules can help protect children all over the world from the dreadful effects of lead poisoning and reduce the massive global costs it brings.12．How does the author describe the lead problem in paragraph 2?A．By making a comparison.B．By analyzing hidden causes.C．By listing convincing numbers.D．By explaining its working principle. 13．What can we learn from the text?A．Lead enters rich countries in various ways.B．Lead poisoning may make poor societies poorer.C．Exposure to lead doesn’t necessarily harm someone.D．Lead leaking has caused great panic in both countries.14．What can be done to solve lead poisoning in developing countries?A．Fixing these used batteries.B．Putting certain effort and money.C．Prohibiting the illegal use of lead.D．Reducing the cost of recycling lead.15．Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．The Impacts of Lead Poisoning on Human HealthB．The Outcomes of Using Electric VehiclesC．The Ways to Solve Lead ProblemD．The Global Lead Poisoning CrisisDogs bark at each other for a variety of reasons, according to Trevor Smith, a dog trainer. “But mainly,” he says, “dogs use barking as their primary communication tool to express their needs.” It may be especially difficult when they bark at their fellow four-legged friends-which begs the question: 16They Are Feeling AnxiousYour dog may be anxious by nature, and being around other dogs may heighten his sensitivity. And he may respond with his primary communication tool: barking. 17 But with time and patience, most dog-barking issues can be managed.18A dog may bark at other dogs to try to engage in play. He’s essentially calling the other dog, trying to get it to join in the fun. If you’re at the dog park and know your dog generally plays well with others, now is the time to set him free so he can engage in some positive playtime.They Are Being AngryA dog that barks at other dogs may or may not ever get to the point where he can play with other dogs. 19 Others just aren’t friendly with other dogs.If your dog’s facial expression, tail position and barking show he’s feeling playful, the solution to stopping him from barking may be to let him play or socialize with other pups in an environment where he feels safe. 20 “Through consistently positive information, your furry friend will learn which behaviors are rewarded, avoid those that receive no rewards and become comfortable in situations where they encounter the disrupting stimuli.”A．They Are Being Playful.B．They Are Feeling Optimistic.C．how can we satisfy their demands?D．why exactly do dogs bark at other dogs?E．For some pups, that action is based on fear.F．Dealing with a dog barking persistently can be frustrating.G．In contrast, Smith says that if your dog barks out of extreme fear, take them away.二、完形填空pregnancy wasn’t tiredness or swelling but, for me, listening to person after person tell me once the baby was born, I would never read a book again, which 22 me greatly.I’m a writer and more of a reader. Books are the 23 of my life. There are many things I can 24 give up for the 25 of motherhood, but reading isn’t one of them.My husband 26 me, “It’s OK to do whatever you want to do. Those who quit reading after they had kids never made reading a top 27 .” Indeed, he was right.My newborn wouldn’t sleep unless she was held. But there was a great 28 in rocking a baby who’s nursing or napping in your arms: lots of time to 29 . My e-reader then became my best friend as I could hold it with one hand and download library books when I was 30 in the house. I read over 100 books in my daughter’s first year and I 31 reading with getting me through those difficult early months.Now we’re through the unstable and unrest preschool years, and she often said, “Mama, please read me a story. It’s the only way I can 32 . ” As a mother, I’m amazed how 33 she is to know so early how to care for herself.Should my daughter one day 34 to have a child herself, I won’t tell her that she’ll never read again. 35 I’ll remind her that people do what they want to do, and good moms take care of themselves.21．A．figured B．admitted C．learned D．investigated 22．A．upset B．interrupted C．lifted D．threatened 23．A．entertainment B．intention C．occupation D．backbone 24．A．desperately B．willingly C．surprisingly D．enthusiastically 25．A．potential B．selfishness C．responsibility D．burden 26．A．defended B．inquired C．questioned D．comforted 27．A．option B．interaction C．list D．point 28．A．improvement B．benefit C．conflict D．consequence 29．A．relax B．display C．read D．progress30．A．penned B．invited C．caged D．stuck 31．A．credit B．charge C．conclude D．combine 32．A．sit down B．calm down C．die down D．slow down 33．A．ambitious B．tough C．sharp-minded D．committed 34．A．choose B．pretend C．refuse D．apply 35．A．However B．Instead C．Furthermore D．Thus三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
湖北省广水市文华中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试历史试题 Word版含答案
广水文华高中2014—2015学年第一学期期中考试高二历史试题一．单选题（30*2）1．春秋战国时期，诸子百家“蜂出并作，各引一端”，形成了“百家争鸣”的局面。
其相关背景有( )①此时正处于社会大变革时代，思想界非常活跃②各诸侯国为发展和壮大自身而极力招揽人才③孔子兴办私学，打破了学在官府和贵族垄断教育的局面④封建经济迅速发展使唯物主义战胜了唯心主义并带动了思想的革新X Kb1. Co mA．①②③④ B．①②③C．①③④ D．①②④2．如图是2013年第六届东亚运动会的会徽和吉祥物图案，它们传递出丰富的和谐主题。
下列思想与这一主题不相符的是( )A．仁者爱人 B．人之性恶C．人性本善 D．以人为本3．战国时期有人提出：“明主之国，无书简之文，以法为教；无先王之语，以吏为师。
”这句话反映的是( )A．儒家的思想 B．道家的思想 C．墨家的思想 D．法家的思想4．董仲舒“一生最大的努力，是将先秦的各种不同学派糅合成一个相当庞大的学术系统，所有的先秦学术在他手上成为一个综合体”。
材料中的“不同学派”包括( )①儒家②法家③道家④兵家⑤阴阳五行家A．①②③④ B．②③④⑤C．①③④⑤ D．①②③⑤5．(2012·苏北四市模拟)“臣愿陛下兴太学，置明师，以养天下之士；数考问以尽其材，则英俊宜可得矣。
”这里的“臣”“陛下”分别指( )A．李斯秦始皇 B．萧何汉高祖C．董仲舒汉武帝 D．魏征唐太宗6．(2012·湖南长沙模拟)在儒学发展历程中，“沟通佛、老，以治儒书，发前人之所未发，遂别成为一时代之学术”的是( )A．汉代学者 B．唐代学者 C．宋代学者 D．明清学者7．朱熹提出“存天理，灭人欲”，其中“天理”是指( )A．天体运行法则B．社会发展规律C．“天人感应”理论D．封建道德规范和等级秩序w W w .xK M8．陆九渊认为“理”就像太阳、月亮一样明显，不用学习也能够体会，认为“求理”应该是( )A．格物致知 B．研究圣人之道 C．进行内心反省 D．致良知9．李贽说：“穿衣吃饭，即是人伦物理。
湖北省新高考协作体2022-2023学年高二下学期3月联考试题 英语 PDF版含解析
2023年湖北省新高考协作体高二3月联考高二英语试卷新高考联考协作体试题研究中心命制考试时间：2023年3月17日上午8：00-10：00试卷满分：150分注意事项:1、答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定的位置上。
2、回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需要改动，先用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.How does the woman feel?A.Nervous.B.Sleepy.C.Confident.2.What does the man suggest the woman do?A.Clean her shoes.B.Buy some shoes now.C.Wait for the sales.3.What does the man normally have for breakfast?A.Eggs.B.Cheese.C.Toast.4.What are the speakers talking about?A.A computer game.B.An imaginary situation.C.A vacation plan.5.When does the man's train leave?A.At3:10.B.At3:15.C.At3:30.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
湖北省广水市文华高中高效课堂阶段总结
广水市文华高中推进高效课堂阶段工作汇报一、学校基本情况广水市文华高中是一所民办高中，2005年8月由原广水市文化补习学校改制而成。
在上级教育主管部门的关怀下，在十年的发展过程中，立足广水，服务市民，成为广大学子倾情向往，社会各界好评如潮的优质学校，先后二十余次获得“四星级学校”、“高考优胜学校”、“教学先进单位”、“高考突出贡献单位”、“人民满意学校”等殊荣。
现有学生1628人，33个教学班，专职教师97人，学生成绩普遍在中考200—300分之间。
近几年，我校开办了面向多数学生的普通班、面向学困生的“升千”班和面向拔尖学生的“包考”班，最大限度地满足学生及家长的特殊教育需要。
二、工作主要过程根据教育主管部门的工作安排，我校于2013年下半年启动高效课堂，主要工作过程如下。
1、校长挂帅，成立课改领导小组2013年12月，我校成立了以校长黄启军为首的课程改革领导小组，成员有分管教学副校长、教务处主任、各年级主任和各学科备课组长，标志着我校高效课堂推进工作正式启动。
领导小组先后5次召开专题会议，研究我校课程改革的相关问题。
学校多次召开教师大会，部署安排课改事宜。
校长黄启军主动表态，质量问题由校长负责，希望全校教师解放思想，消除顾虑，放开手脚，大胆创新。
副校长夏启忠再三强调，起点要低，节奏要慢，步子要小。
2、出台文件，探索高效课堂模式2013年12月15日，广水市文华高中《全面推进课程改革大力打造高效课堂工作方案》出台。
方案规定了我校高效课堂推进工作的指导思想、工作目标、参与对象、研究课题、课改进程、实验模式和工作要求，在较高层面上规划了我校的课改蓝图。
此后，着手搜集了全国十大课改名校的成功经验，供领导小组和全校教师学习借鉴。
并认真学习随州市教育局有关文件，赴远安等地学习取经，到兄弟学校参观学习，寻求适合我校的课改模式。
2014年2月20日，我校出台了《关于导学案编制及其主要环节的指导意见》，主要从导学案的价值作用、编制目的、编制原则、编制要求、构成环节、使用要求、问题设计、展示互动和注意问题八个方面对导学案的编制做了刚性规定，使我校高效课堂的推进迈出了正确的第一步。
【英语】湖北省监利一中2013-2014学年高二上学期第一次月考(平行班)
本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一卷（三部分，共100分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman mean?A. She is going to the shopping center.B. She cannot go with the man.C. She will have a physical exam tomorrow.2. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a bookstore.B. In a library.C. In a reading-room.3. What do we know about Peter Smith?A. He has lost his ticket.B. He is expecting a ticket.C. He went out to buy a ticket.4. How much was a pound of green beans five years ago?A. $ 0.50B. $ 1.50C. $ 2.505. How does the woman feel?A. PleasedB. SatisfiedC. Discouraged第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
《解析》湖北省随州市广水市文华高中2015-2016学年高一下学期月考物理试卷(3月份)Word版含解析
2015-2016学年湖北省随州市广水市文华高中高一（下）月考物理试卷（3月份）一、本题共10小题；每小题5分，共计50分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，7、8、9、10题有多个选项正确，全部选对得5分；选对但不全得3分；有错选或不答的得0分.1．关于匀速圆周运动，下列说法中正确的有（）A．做匀速圆周运动的物体，在任何相等的时间内，通过的位移都相同B．做匀速圆周运动的物体，在任何相等的时间内，通过的路程都相等C．做匀速圆周运动的物体的加速度恒定D．做匀速圆周运动的物体的加速度方向不一定指向圆心2．如图所示，在匀速转动的圆筒内壁上，有一物体随圆筒一起转动而未滑动．当圆筒的角速度增大以后，下列说法正确的是（）A．物体所受弹力增大，摩擦力也增大了B．物体所受弹力增大，摩擦力减小了C．物体所受弹力和摩擦力都减小了D．物体所受弹力增大，摩擦力不变3．以10m/s的速度，从15m高的塔上水平抛出一个石子，不计空气阻力，取g=10m/s2，石子落地时的速度大小是（）A．10m/s B．10m/s C．20m/s D．30m/s4．红蜡块能在玻璃管的水中匀速上升，若红蜡块在A点匀速上升的同时，使玻璃管水平向右做匀加速直线运动，则红蜡块实际运动的轨迹是图中的（）A．直线P B．曲线Q C．曲线R D．无法确定5．一架飞机水平地匀速飞行．从飞机上每隔1秒钟释放一个铁球，先后共释放4个．若不计空气阻力，则四个球（）A．在空中任何时刻总是排成抛物线；它们的落地点是等间距的B．在空中任何时刻总是排成抛物线；它们的落地点是不等间距的C．在空中任何时刻总在飞机正下方排成竖直的直线；它们的落地点是等间距的D．在空中任何时刻总在飞机正下方排成竖直的直线；它们的落地点是不等间距的6．甲、乙两个物体都做匀速圆周运动，其质量之比为1：2，转动半径之比为1：2，在相同时间里甲转过60°角，乙转过45°角．则它们的向心力之比为（）A．1：4 B．2：3 C．4：9 D．9：167．如图所示，汽车以一定的速度经过一个圆弧形桥面的顶点时，关于汽车的受力及汽车对桥面的压力情况，以下说法正确的是（）A．在竖直方向汽车受到三个力：重力、桥面的支持力和向心力B．在竖直方向汽车只受两个力：重力和桥面的支持力C．汽车对桥面的压力小于汽车的重力D．汽车对桥面的压力大于汽车的重力8．一小球被细线拴着做匀速圆周运动，其半径为R，向心加速度为a，则（）A．小球相对于圆心的位移不变B．小球的线速度为C．小球在时间t内通过的路程s=D．小球做圆周运动的周期T=2π9．高速列车已经成为世界上重要的交通工具之一，某高速列车时速可达360km/h．当该列车以恒定的速率在半径为2000m的水平面上做匀速圆周运动时，则（）A．乘客做圆周运动的加速度为0.5m/s2B．乘客做圆周运动的加速度为5m/s2C．列车进入弯道时做匀速运动D．乘客随列车运动时的速度大小不变10．如图是用以说明向心力和质量、半径之间关系的仪器，球P和Q可以在光滑杆上无摩擦地滑动，两球之间用一条轻绳连接，m P=2m Q，当整个装置以ω匀速旋转时，两球离转轴的距离保持不变，则此时（）A．两球受到的向心力大小相等B．P球受到的向心力大于Q球受到的向心力C．r P一定等于D．当ω增大时，Q球将向外运动二、填空题：本题共3小题，每空4分，共20分．把答案填在题中横线上．11．汽车的速度是72km/h，过凸桥最高点时，对桥的压力是车重的一半，则桥面的半径为m，当车速为m/s时，车对桥面最高点的压力恰好为零．（g取10m/s2）12．距离地面3000m上空的飞机，以100m/s的水平速度匀速直线飞行，在飞机上每隔1s落下一个重物．当第五个重物离开飞机时，第二和第三个重物之间的水平距离是；竖直方向的距离是．13．一个做匀速圆周运动的物体，如果轨道半径不变，转速变为原来的3倍，所需的向心力就比原来的向心力大40N，物体原来的向心力大小为．三、计算题（40分）14．平抛一物体，当抛出1秒后它的速度与水平方向成45°角，落地时速度方向与水平方向成60°角．（ g取10m/s2）（1）求物体的初速度；（2）物体下落的高度．15．一部机器由电动机带动，机器上的皮带轮的半径是电动机皮带轮半径的3倍（如图），皮带与两轮之间不发生滑动．已知机器皮带轮边缘上一点的向心加速度为0.10m/s2．（1）电动机皮带轮与机器皮带轮的转速比n1：n2是多少？（2）机器皮带轮上A点到转轴的距离为轮半径的一半，A点的向心加速度是多少？（3）电动机皮带轮边缘上某点的向心加速度是多少？16．船在400米宽的河中横渡，河水流速是4m/s，船在静水中的航速是2m/s，试求：（1）要使船到达对岸的时间最短，船头应指向何处？最短时间是多少？（2）要使船航程最短，船头应指向何处？最短航程为多少？17．有一辆质量为400kg的小汽车驶上圆弧半径为50m的拱桥．（g取10m/s2）（1）汽车到达桥顶时速度为5m/s，汽车对桥的压力是多大？（2）汽车以多大速度经过桥顶时便恰好对桥没有压力而腾空？（3）汽车对地面的压力过小是不安全的．因此从这个角度讲，汽车过桥时的速度不能过大．对于同样的车速，拱桥圆弧的半径大些比较安全，还是小些比较安全？（4）如果拱桥的半径增大到与地球半径R一样，汽车要在地面上腾空，速度要多大？（已知地球半径为6400km）2015-2016学年湖北省随州市广水市文华高中高一（下）月考物理试卷（3月份）参考答案与试题解析一、本题共10小题；每小题5分，共计50分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，7、8、9、10题有多个选项正确，全部选对得5分；选对但不全得3分；有错选或不答的得0分.1．关于匀速圆周运动，下列说法中正确的有（）A．做匀速圆周运动的物体，在任何相等的时间内，通过的位移都相同B．做匀速圆周运动的物体，在任何相等的时间内，通过的路程都相等C．做匀速圆周运动的物体的加速度恒定D．做匀速圆周运动的物体的加速度方向不一定指向圆心【分析】匀速圆周运动速度大小不变，方向变化，是变速运动．加速度方向始终指向圆心，加速度是变化的，是变加速运动．向心力方向始终指向圆心，是变化的．角速度的大小和方向都不变．【解答】解：A、匀速圆周运动中，在任何相等的时间内，通过的路程都相等，而位移方向不同，则不相等，故A错误，B正确．C、匀速圆周运动的加速度大小不变，但方向指向圆心，时刻改变，故CD错误．故选：B．2．如图所示，在匀速转动的圆筒内壁上，有一物体随圆筒一起转动而未滑动．当圆筒的角速度增大以后，下列说法正确的是（）A．物体所受弹力增大，摩擦力也增大了B．物体所受弹力增大，摩擦力减小了C．物体所受弹力和摩擦力都减小了D．物体所受弹力增大，摩擦力不变【分析】做匀速圆周运动的物体合力等于向心力，向心力可以由重力、弹力、摩擦力中的任意一种力来提供，也可以由几种力的合力提供，还可以由某一种力的分力提供；本题中物体做匀速圆周运动，合力指向圆心，对物体受力分析，受重力、向上的静摩擦力、指向圆心的支持力，合力等于支持力，提供向心力．【解答】解：物体做匀速圆周运动，合力指向圆心，对物体受力分析，受重力、向上的静摩擦力、指向圆心的支持力，如图其中重力G与静摩擦力f平衡，与物体的角速度无关，支持力N提供向心力，所以当圆筒的角速度ω增大以后，向心力变大，物体所受弹力N增大，所以D正确．故选D．3．以10m/s的速度，从15m高的塔上水平抛出一个石子，不计空气阻力，取g=10m/s2，石子落地时的速度大小是（）A．10m/s B．10m/s C．20m/s D．30m/s【分析】石子水平抛出后，不计空气阻力，只有重力做功，其机械能守恒，根据机械能守恒定律求解石子落地时的速度大小．【解答】解：设石子初速度大小为v0，落地时的速度大小为v，高度为h．则根据机械能守恒定律得mgh+=得到v==20m/s．故选C4．红蜡块能在玻璃管的水中匀速上升，若红蜡块在A点匀速上升的同时，使玻璃管水平向右做匀加速直线运动，则红蜡块实际运动的轨迹是图中的（）A．直线P B．曲线Q C．曲线R D．无法确定【分析】蜡块参与了竖直方向上的匀速直线运动和水平方向上的匀加速直线运动，判断合运动是直线运动看合速度与合加速度在不在同一条直线上，并且曲线运动的合力（加速度）大致指向轨迹凹点的一向．【解答】解：两个分运动的合加速度方向水平向右，与合速度的方向不在同一条直线上，所以合运动为曲线运动，根据曲线运动的合力（加速度）大致指向轨迹凹点的一向，知该轨迹为曲线Q．故B正确，A、C、D错误．故选B．5．一架飞机水平地匀速飞行．从飞机上每隔1秒钟释放一个铁球，先后共释放4个．若不计空气阻力，则四个球（）A．在空中任何时刻总是排成抛物线；它们的落地点是等间距的B．在空中任何时刻总是排成抛物线；它们的落地点是不等间距的C．在空中任何时刻总在飞机正下方排成竖直的直线；它们的落地点是等间距的D．在空中任何时刻总在飞机正下方排成竖直的直线；它们的落地点是不等间距的【分析】匀速飞行的飞机上释放的小球做平抛运动，平抛运动在水平方向上做匀速直线运动，在竖直方向上做自由落体运动．【解答】解：因为平抛运动在水平方向上做匀速直线运动，所以释放的小球都在飞机的正下方，即在飞机的正下方排成竖直的直线．高度一定，每个小球落地的时间相等，因为每隔1s 释放一个，在水平方向上两小球的间隔为△x=v△t，是等间距的．故C正确，A、B、D错误．故选：C．6．甲、乙两个物体都做匀速圆周运动，其质量之比为1：2，转动半径之比为1：2，在相同时间里甲转过60°角，乙转过45°角．则它们的向心力之比为（）A．1：4 B．2：3 C．4：9 D．9：16【分析】根据角速度定义ω=可知甲、乙的角速度之比，再由向心力公式F向=mω2r可以求出他们的向心加速度之比．【解答】解：相同时间里甲转过60°角，乙转过45°角，根据角速度定义ω=可知甲、乙的角速度之比为ω1：ω2=4：3由题意r1：r2=1：2m1：m2=1：2根据公式式F向=mω2rF1：F2=m1ω12r1：m2ω22r2=4：9故选C．7．如图所示，汽车以一定的速度经过一个圆弧形桥面的顶点时，关于汽车的受力及汽车对桥面的压力情况，以下说法正确的是（）A．在竖直方向汽车受到三个力：重力、桥面的支持力和向心力B．在竖直方向汽车只受两个力：重力和桥面的支持力C．汽车对桥面的压力小于汽车的重力D．汽车对桥面的压力大于汽车的重力【分析】汽车受重力和向上的支持力，合力提供向心力，根据向心力公式列式即可分析．【解答】解：A、汽车过拱桥，做圆周运动，在最高点，重力和支持力的合力提供向心力，方向指向圆心，不受向心力，故A错误，B正确；C、根据向心力公式得：mg﹣N=m解得：N=mg﹣m＜mg，故C正确，D错误．故选：BC8．一小球被细线拴着做匀速圆周运动，其半径为R，向心加速度为a，则（）A．小球相对于圆心的位移不变B．小球的线速度为C．小球在时间t内通过的路程s=D．小球做圆周运动的周期T=2π【分析】1、位移表示位置的变化，小球做匀速圆周运动中，小球相对于圆心的位置时刻在变，故位移时刻在变．2、根据向心加速度的公式a==R，得v==2π．3、小球在时间t内通过的路程为s=vt=t．【解答】解：A、位移表示位置的变化，小球做匀速圆周运动中，小球相对于圆心的位移时刻在变，故A错误．B、根据向心加速度的公式a=，得：v=，故B正确．C、小球在时间t内通过的路程为：s=vt=t，故C错误．D、根据向心加速度的公式为：a=（）2R，得：T=2π，故D正确．故选：BD．9．高速列车已经成为世界上重要的交通工具之一，某高速列车时速可达360km/h．当该列车以恒定的速率在半径为2000m的水平面上做匀速圆周运动时，则（）A．乘客做圆周运动的加速度为0.5m/s2B．乘客做圆周运动的加速度为5m/s2C．列车进入弯道时做匀速运动D．乘客随列车运动时的速度大小不变【分析】对单位进行换算，再由向心力公式可求得向心加速度；根据列车的运动可明确列车及乘客的运动情况．【解答】解：列车的速度v=360km/h=10m/s；列车做匀速圆周运动的加速度为：a===5m/s2；故A错误，B正确；C、列车进入弯道时做曲线运动，故不是匀速运动；故C错误；D、列车的速率不变，但方向在改变；故乘客随列车运动时的速度大小不变；故D错误；故选：B．10．如图是用以说明向心力和质量、半径之间关系的仪器，球P和Q可以在光滑杆上无摩擦地滑动，两球之间用一条轻绳连接，m P=2m Q，当整个装置以ω匀速旋转时，两球离转轴的距离保持不变，则此时（）A．两球受到的向心力大小相等B．P球受到的向心力大于Q球受到的向心力C．r P一定等于D．当ω增大时，Q球将向外运动【分析】当整个装置匀速旋转时，两个小球都做匀速圆周运动，两球受到重力、支持力和轻绳的拉力三个力作用，重力与支持力平衡，由绳的拉力提供向心力．根据向心力公式分析半径关系．【解答】解：A、两球的重力均与支持力平衡，由绳的拉力提供向心力，绳子的拉力相等，所以两球受到的向心力相等．故A正确．B、两球的重力均与支持力平衡，由绳的拉力提供向心力，则p球受到的向心力等于q球受到的向心力．故B错误．C、根据向心力公式F n=mω2r，两球的角速度ω相同，向心力F n大小相等，则半径之比r p：r Q=m Q：m p=1：2，则r p=m Q．故C正确．D、根据向心力大小相等得到，m pωp2r p=m qωq2r q，由于角速度相同，此方程与角速度无关，又r p+r q=L不变，所以当ω增大时，两球半径不变，p球不会向外运动．故D错误．故选AC二、填空题：本题共3小题，每空4分，共20分．把答案填在题中横线上．11．汽车的速度是72km/h，过凸桥最高点时，对桥的压力是车重的一半，则桥面的半径为80 m，当车速为28.3 m/s时，车对桥面最高点的压力恰好为零．（g取10m/s2）【分析】汽车在桥顶，靠竖直方向上的合力提供向心力，根据牛顿第二定律求出圆弧形桥面的半径．当压力为零时，靠重力提供向心力，根据牛顿第二定律求出车速的大小．【解答】解：车在桥顶时，受到重力和桥面对车的支持力，根据重力和支持力的合力提供向心力得mg﹣N=m，又因为：N=mg联立两式代入数据解得R==80m．当压力为零时，靠重力提供向心力，则有：mg=m解得v′==28.3m故答案为：80，28.3．12．距离地面3000m上空的飞机，以100m/s的水平速度匀速直线飞行，在飞机上每隔1s落下一个重物．当第五个重物离开飞机时，第二和第三个重物之间的水平距离是100m ；竖直方向的距离是25m ．【分析】物体离开飞机做平抛运动，平抛运动在水平方向上做匀速直线运动，在竖直方向上做自由落体运动，结合运动学公式进行求解．【解答】解：第二个和第三个重物相差的时间间隔为1s，平抛运动在水平方向上做匀速直线运动，可知第二个和第三个重物之间的水平距离△x=vt=100×1m=100m，当第五个重物下落时，第二个重物下降的时间为3s，第三个重物下降的时间为2s，则两物体之间竖直方向的距离=m=25m．故答案为：100m，25m．13．一个做匀速圆周运动的物体，如果轨道半径不变，转速变为原来的3倍，所需的向心力就比原来的向心力大40N，物体原来的向心力大小为5N ．【分析】每秒钟转数变为原来的3倍时角速度增加为原来的3倍．据向心力公式F=mω2r列式即可求解．【解答】解：由ω=2πn，则知ω∝n，则每秒钟转数变为原来的3倍时角速度增加为原来的3倍．根据向心力公式得：F1=mω12r当转速变为原来的3倍时，角速度为原来的3倍，则有：F2=mω22r且有3ω1=ω2，F2﹣F1=40N解得：F1=5N故答案为：5N．三、计算题（40分）14．平抛一物体，当抛出1秒后它的速度与水平方向成45°角，落地时速度方向与水平方向成60°角．（ g取10m/s2）（1）求物体的初速度；（2）物体下落的高度．【分析】根据平行四边形定则，结合1s末的竖直分速度求出物体的初速度．根据平行四边形定则求出落地时竖直分速度，结合速度位移公式求出物体下落的高度．【解答】解：（1）物体下落1s后竖直分速度v y1=gt=10×1m/s=10m/s，根据平行四边形定则知，，则初速度v0=v y1=10m/s．（2）物体落地时，根据平行四边形定则知，，则，则物体下落的高度h=．答：（1）物体的初速度为10m/s；（2）物体下落的高度为15m．15．一部机器由电动机带动，机器上的皮带轮的半径是电动机皮带轮半径的3倍（如图），皮带与两轮之间不发生滑动．已知机器皮带轮边缘上一点的向心加速度为0.10m/s2．（1）电动机皮带轮与机器皮带轮的转速比n1：n2是多少？（2）机器皮带轮上A点到转轴的距离为轮半径的一半，A点的向心加速度是多少？（3）电动机皮带轮边缘上某点的向心加速度是多少？【分析】传动装置，在传动过程中不打滑，共轴的角速度是相同的；同一传动装置接触边缘的线速度大小是相等的．所以当角速度一定时，线速度与半径成正比；当线速度大小一定时，角速度与半径成反比．因此根据题目条件可知加速度及角速度．【解答】解：（1）因电动机和机器由同一皮带连接，所以它们边缘线速度相等设电动机半径为r1，角速度ω1，机器轮半径为r2，角速度为ω2．由题意知：r2=3r1由v=rω得r1ω1=r2ω2即 r1ω1=3r1ω2所以ω1：ω2=3：1由于ω=2πn，故角速度与转速成正比，故：n1：n2=3：1（2）因A与皮带边缘同轴转动，所以角速度相等，向心加速度与半径成正比，由a=rω2得a A=×0.10 m/s2=0.05 m/s2（3）（3）两轮边缘的线速度相等，由a=得：故：答：（1）电动机皮带轮与机器皮带轮的转速比n1：n2是3：1；（2）机器皮带轮上A点到转轴的距离为轮半径的一半，A点的向心加速度是0.05m/s2；（3）电动机皮带轮边缘上某点的向心加速度是0.3m/s2．16．船在400米宽的河中横渡，河水流速是4m/s，船在静水中的航速是2m/s，试求：（1）要使船到达对岸的时间最短，船头应指向何处？最短时间是多少？（2）要使船航程最短，船头应指向何处？最短航程为多少？【分析】船航行时速度为静水中的速度与河水流速二者合速度，这类题主要是问最短的时间和最短的路程，最短的时间主要是希望合速度在垂直河岸方向上的分量最大，这样就可以用最快的速度过河，这个分量一般刚好是船在静水中的速度，即船当以静水中的速度垂直河岸过河的时候渡河时间最短；最短的路程主要是希望合速度的方向在垂直河岸方向上，这样就可以在垂直河岸方向上运动，最短的位移是河两岸的距离．【解答】解：（1）要使船到达对岸的时间最短，船头应垂直指向河的对岸，最短时间是t min===200s．（2）∵V船＜V水，∴要使船航程最短，船头应指向上游与河岸成θ角，如答图所示，cosθ===0.5，则θ=60°，最短航程为S min=V合t=d=400m×=800m．答：（1）要使船到达对岸的时间最短，船头应指向垂直指向河的对岸；最短时间是200s；（2）要使船航程最短，船头应指向指向上游与河岸成60°角；最短航程为800m．17．有一辆质量为400kg的小汽车驶上圆弧半径为50m的拱桥．（g取10m/s2）（1）汽车到达桥顶时速度为5m/s，汽车对桥的压力是多大？（2）汽车以多大速度经过桥顶时便恰好对桥没有压力而腾空？（3）汽车对地面的压力过小是不安全的．因此从这个角度讲，汽车过桥时的速度不能过大．对于同样的车速，拱桥圆弧的半径大些比较安全，还是小些比较安全？（4）如果拱桥的半径增大到与地球半径R一样，汽车要在地面上腾空，速度要多大？（已知地球半径为6400km）【分析】（1）汽车受重力和向上的支持力，合力提供向心力，根据牛顿第二定律列式即可求解出支持力，压力与支持力是作用力与反作用力，大小相等；（2）重力恰好完全提供向心力，根据牛顿第二定律列式即可求解速度；（3）根据牛顿第二定律得，mg﹣N=分析即可；（4）依然是重力恰好完全提供向心力，根据牛顿第二定律列式求解．【解答】解：（1）重力和向上的支持力的合力提供向心力解得：即汽车对桥的压力为7600N．（2）当F N=0时，重力恰好完全提供向心力解得即汽车以10m/s的速度经过桥顶时恰好对桥没有压力而腾空．（3）根据牛顿第二定律得，mg﹣N=，同样的车速，圆弧半径越小，支持力越小，越不安全，（4）重力恰好完全提供向心力，则有v==8×103m/s，即速度为8×103m/s．答：（1）汽车到达桥顶时速度为5m/s，汽车对桥的压力是3800N；（2）汽车以10m/s的速度经过桥顶时恰好对桥没有压力而腾空；（3）对于同样的车速，拱桥圆弧的半径大些比较安全；（4）如果拱桥的半径增大到与地球半径R一样，汽车要在地面上腾空，速度为8×103m/s．。
【英语】湖北省武汉市部分重点高中2013-2014学年高二上学期期末考试
武汉市部分重点高中2013～2014学年度上学期高二期末测试英语试卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where does the conversation probably take place?A. On the trainB. On a boatC. On a plane2. Which city was the woman born in?A. OttawaB. TorontoC. Vancouver3. What’s the bird doing?A. NoddingB. EatingC. Singing4. What can we learn about the woman?A. She can get a promotionB. She has been busy with studyC. She can get 3 days off5. How much should the woman pay in all?A. ＄5.5B.＄7.5C.＄9第二节（共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6，7题。
6. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Husband and wifeB. Boss and secretaryC. Shop assistant and customer7. What does the man think of Mrs. Sapir?A. He thinks she is boringB. He thinks she is unimportantC. He thinks she is tired of meeting people听第7段材料，回答第8至10题8. Where is probably the hotel?A. In the U.S.B. In the U.K.C. In China9. Which floor is the room located on?A. The 87th floorB. The 8th floorC. The 7th floor10. What do we know about the dressing table in the room?A. It is a traditional wooden oneB. It is made of stainless steelC. It is a modern wooden one听第8段材料，回答第11至14题11. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. FriendB. Customer and salesmanC. Husband and wife12. Why can’t the two speakers deposit their stuff?A. Because the customer service counter doesn’t deposit customers’ stuff.B. Because the customer service counter charges high fees.C. Because the deposit boxes are out of service.13. When does the conversation probably happen?A. In the morningB. In the afternoonC. In the evening14. What does the man ask the woman to do?A. Buy a black suitcase for himB. Buy a black suit for himC. Buy a yellow suitcase for him听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
高二化学月考试题及答案-湖北广水市文华高中-2015学年高二上学期月考
湖北省广水市文华高中2014-2015学年高二上学期月考化学试卷（12月份）一、选择题（每小题只有一个正确答案，每小题3分，共54分）1．（3分）下列说法正确的是（）A．氯水能导电，所以氯气是电解质B．碳酸钙不溶于水，所以它是非电解质C．固体磷酸是电解质，所以磷酸在熔化状态下和溶于水时都能导电D．胆矾虽不能导电，但它属于电解质2．（3分）下列说法正确的是（）A．电解质溶液的浓度越大，其导电性能一定越强B．强酸和强碱一定是强电解质，不论其水溶液浓度大小，都能完全电离C．强极性共价化合物不一定都是强电解质D．多元酸、多元碱的导电性一定比一元酸、一元碱的导电性强3．（3分）下列有关“电离平衡”的叙述中正确的是（）A．电解质在溶液里达到电离平衡时，溶质电离出的离子浓度相等B．电离平衡时，由于分子和离子的浓度不断发生变化，所以说电离平衡是动态平衡C．电离平衡是相对的、暂时的，外界条件改变时，平衡就会发生移动D．电解质达到电离平衡后，各种离子的浓度相等4．（3分）下表是常温下某些一元弱酸的电离常数：则0.1mol/L的下列溶液中，c（H+）最大的是（）弱酸HCN HF CH3COOH HNO2电离常数 6.2×10﹣10 6.8×10﹣4 1.8×10﹣5 6.4×10﹣6A．HCN B．HF C．CH3COOH D．HNO25．（3分）可以说明乙酸是弱酸的事实是（）A．乙酸不能使酚酞溶液变红色B．乙酸和Na2CO3反应可放出CO2C．乙酸能使紫色石蕊试液变红色D．0.1 mol•L﹣1的乙酸溶液pH＞16．（3分）已知0.1mol/L的醋酸溶液中存在电离平衡：CH3COOH⇌CH3COO﹣+H+，要使溶液中c （H+）/c（CH3COOH）值增大，可以采取的措施是（）A．加少量烧碱溶液B．升高温度C．加少量冰醋酸D．加水7．（3分）一定量的盐酸跟过量的铁粉反应时，为了减缓反应速度，且不影响生成氢气的总量，可向盐酸中加入适量的（）A．NaOH（固体）B．H2O C．NH4Cl（固体）D．CH3COONa（固体）8．（3分）在相同温度时，100mL 0.01mol•L﹣1的醋酸溶液与10mL 0.1mol•L﹣1的醋酸溶液相比较，下列数据中，前者大于后者的是（）①H+的物质的量②电离程度③中和时所需氢氧化钠的量④醋酸的物质的量．A．①②B．②③C．①④D．②④9．（3分）在0.1mol•L﹣1 CH3COOH溶液中存在如下电离平衡：CH3COOH⇌CH3COO﹣+H+，对于该平衡，下列叙述正确的是（）A．加入水时，平衡向逆反应方向移动B．加入少量NaOH固体，平衡向正反应方向移动C．加入少量0.1mol•L﹣1 HCl溶液，溶液中c（H+）减小D．加入少量CH3COONa固体，平衡向正反应方向移动10．（3分）将c（H+）相同的盐酸和醋酸，分别用蒸馏水稀释至原来体积的m倍和n倍，稀释后两溶液的c（H+）仍相同，则m和n的关系是（）A．m＞n B．m＜n C．m=n D．不能确定11．（3分）常温下，下列四种溶液：①pH=0的盐酸，②0.1mol•L﹣1的盐酸，③0.01mol•L﹣1的NaOH溶液，④pH=11的NaOH溶液中，由水电离生成的H+的物质的量浓度之比为（）A．1：10：100：1000 B．0：1：12：11C．14：13：12：11 D．14：13：2：112．（3分）用pH试纸测定某无色溶液的pH值时，规范的操作是（）A．将pH试纸放入溶液中观察其颜色变化，跟标准比色卡比较B．将溶液倒在pH试纸上，跟标准比色卡比较C．用干燥的洁净玻璃棒蘸取溶液，滴在pH试纸上，跟标准比色卡比较D．在试管内放入少量溶液，煮沸，把pH试纸放在管口，观察颜色，跟标准比色卡比较13．（3分）25℃时，浓度均为0.2mol/L的NaHCO3和Na2CO3溶液中，下列判断不正确的是（）A．均存在电离平衡和水解平衡B．存在的粒子种类相同C．c（OH﹣）前者大于后者D．分别加入NaOH固体，恢复到原温度，c（CO32﹣）均增大14．（3分）明矾溶液中各种离子的物质的量浓度大小关系正确的是（）A．c（K+）＞c（Al3+）B．c（K+）=c（Al3+）C．c（H+）=c（OH﹣）D．c（Al3+）＜c（H+）15．（3分）常温下，将甲酸和氢氧化钠溶液混合，所得溶液pH=7，则此溶液中（）A．c（HCOO﹣）＞c（Na+）B．c（HCOO﹣）＜c（Na+）C．c（HCOO﹣）=c（Na+）D．无法确定c（HCOO﹣）与c（Na+）的关系16．（3分）在由水电离产生的H+浓度为1×10﹣13mol•L﹣1的溶液中，一定能大量共存的离子组是（）①K+、Cl﹣、NO3﹣、SO32﹣②K+、Fe2+、I﹣、SO42﹣③Na+、Cl﹣、NO3﹣、SO42﹣④Na+、Ca2+、Cl﹣、HCO3﹣⑤K+、Ba2+、Cl﹣、NO3﹣．A．①③B．③⑤C．③④D．②⑤17．（3分）在含有浓度均为0.01mol•L﹣1的Cl﹣、Br﹣、I﹣离子的溶液中，缓慢且少量的加入AgNO3稀溶液，结合溶解度判断析出三种沉淀的先后顺序是（）A．AgCl、AgBr、AgI B．AgI、AgBr、AgClC．AgBr、AgCl、AgI D．三种沉淀同时析出18．（3分）pH=2和pH=4的两种稀硫酸，等体积混合后，下列结论正确的是（）A．c（H+）=1×10﹣3mol•L﹣1B．c（OH﹣）=2×10﹣12mol•L﹣1C．pH=2.3 D．pH=3二、填空题19．（16分）25℃时，50mL 0.10mol/L的醋酸中存在着如下平衡：CH3COOH⇌CH3COO﹣+H+．若分别作如下改变，对上述平衡有何影响？（1）加入少量冰醋酸，平衡将向移动，溶液中C（H+）将（2）加入一定量蒸馏水，平衡将向移动，溶液中C（H+）将（3）加入少量0.10mol/L盐酸，平衡将向移动，溶液中C（H+）将（4）加入20mL 0.10mol/L的NaCl溶液，平衡将向移动，溶液中C（H+）将．20．（12分）有浓度为0.1mol•L﹣1的盐酸、硫酸、醋酸三种溶液，试回答：（1）三种溶液中c（H+）依次为a mol•L﹣1，b mol•L﹣1，c mol•L﹣1，其大小顺序为．（2）等体积的以上三种酸分别与过量的NaOH 溶液反应，生成的盐的物质的量依次为n 1mol，n2 mol，n3 mol，它们的大小关系为．（3）中和一定量NaOH溶液生成正盐时，需上述三种酸的体积依次是V1L、V2L、V3L，其大小关系为．（4）与锌反应时产生氢（气）的初始反应速率分别为v1、v2、v3，其大小关系为．21．（10分）中学化学实验中，淡黄色的pH试纸常用于测定溶液的酸碱性．在25℃时，若溶液的pH=7，试纸不变色；若pH＜7，试纸变红色；若pH＞7，试纸变蓝色．而要精确测定溶液的pH，需要用pH计．pH计主要通过测定溶液的c（H+），来测定溶液的pH．（1）已知水中存在如下平衡：H2O+H2O⇌H3O++OH﹣；△H＞0kJ•mol﹣1；现要使平衡向右移动，且所得的溶液呈酸性，选择的方法是（填编号）A．向水中加入NaHSO4 B．向水中加入Cu（NO3）2C．加热水至100℃[其中c（H+）=1×10﹣6mol•L﹣1]D．向水中加入（NH4）2SO4（2）现要测定100℃沸水的pH及酸碱性，若用pH试纸测定，则试纸显色，溶液呈性（填酸、碱或中）；若用pH计测定，则pH7（填＞、＜、=），溶液呈性（填酸、碱或中）22．（8分）已知室温时，0.1mol•L﹣1某一元酸HA在水中有0.1%发生电离，回答下列各问题：（1）该溶液的pH=；（2）HA的电离平衡常数K=；（3）升高温度时，K将（填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”），pH将（填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”）．湖北省广水市文华高中2014-2015学年高二上学期月考化学试卷（12月份）参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（每小题只有一个正确答案，每小题3分，共54分）1．（3分）下列说法正确的是（）A．氯水能导电，所以氯气是电解质B．碳酸钙不溶于水，所以它是非电解质C．固体磷酸是电解质，所以磷酸在熔化状态下和溶于水时都能导电D．胆矾虽不能导电，但它属于电解质考点：电解质与非电解质．专题：电离平衡与溶液的pH专题．分析：A、单质和混合物既不是电解质，也不是非电解质；B、碳酸钙是难溶的盐，熔融状态能电离而导电；C、共价化合物在熔化状态下不能导电；D、根据电解质的概念．解答：解：A、氯气是单质，既不是电解质，也不是非电解质，故A错误；B、碳酸钙是难溶的盐，熔融状态能电离而导电，属于电解质，故B错误；C、固体磷酸是电解质，但磷酸是共价化合物，在熔化状态下不能导电，故C错误；D、CuSO4•5H2O属于离子化合物，在水溶液里完全电离出自由移动的阴阳离子而使其导电，所以是电解质，故D正确．故选D．点评：本题重点考查了电解质概念的辨析，解题时紧抓住电解质必须是化合物，以及导电是在水溶液或熔化状态下为条件，共价化合物在熔融时不导电，题目难度不大．2．（3分）下列说法正确的是（）A．电解质溶液的浓度越大，其导电性能一定越强B．强酸和强碱一定是强电解质，不论其水溶液浓度大小，都能完全电离C．强极性共价化合物不一定都是强电解质D．多元酸、多元碱的导电性一定比一元酸、一元碱的导电性强考点：强电解质和弱电解质的概念．专题：物质的分类专题．分析：A．溶液的导电能力与离子浓度与离子的电荷有关；B．浓硫酸是强酸的溶液，硫酸大部分以硫酸分子的形式存在；C．强极性共价化合物是否能在水溶液中完全电离是判断其是否为强电解质的标准；D．溶液的导电能力与离子浓度与离子的电荷有关，浓度越大、所带电荷越多，导电能力越强．解答：解：A．溶液的导电能力与离子浓度与离子的电荷有关，浓度越大、所带电荷越多，导电能力越强，弱电解质在溶液中部分电离，电解质溶液浓度大，弱电解质的电离程度反而小，如冰醋酸浓度很大，但电离出来的离子却很少，导电能力弱，故A错误；B．98.3%浓硫酸是强酸硫酸的溶液，由于水太少，硫酸大部分以硫酸分子的形式存在，故B 错误；C．氟的非金属性最强，HF强极性共价化合物，但HF在水溶液中部分电离，为弱电解质，故C正确；D．溶液的导电能力与离子浓度与离子的电荷有关，浓度越大、所带电荷越多，导电能力越强，与几元酸碱无关，如磷酸是三元酸，但其为弱酸，同浓度电离出的离子浓度不及二元酸硫酸，故D错误；故选C．点评：本题综合性较大，涉及强电解质、导电能力、极性等，难度不大，掌握物质的性质是解题的关键，平时注意基础知识的积累．3．（3分）下列有关“电离平衡”的叙述中正确的是（）A．电解质在溶液里达到电离平衡时，溶质电离出的离子浓度相等B．电离平衡时，由于分子和离子的浓度不断发生变化，所以说电离平衡是动态平衡C．电离平衡是相对的、暂时的，外界条件改变时，平衡就会发生移动D．电解质达到电离平衡后，各种离子的浓度相等考点：弱电解质在水溶液中的电离平衡．专题：电离平衡与溶液的pH专题．分析：A．电解质在溶液里达到电离平衡时，溶质电离出的离子浓度不一定相等；B．电离平衡时，溶液中分子和离子浓度不再改变；C．电离平衡是相对的、暂时的，与外界条件有关，外界条件改变，则平衡改变；D．电解质达到电离平衡后，各种离子的浓度不变，但不一定相等．解答：解：A．电解质在溶液里达到电离平衡时，溶质电离出的离子浓度不一定相等，如：碳酸在水中电离出的离子有氢离子、碳酸根离子、碳酸氢根离子，碳酸电离出的离子浓度大小顺序是：C（H+）＞C（HCO3﹣）＞C（CO3 2﹣），故A错误；B．电离平衡时，溶液中分子和离子浓度不再改变，但电离没有停止，只是弱电解质的电离和生成速率相等，所以说电离平衡是动态平衡，故B错误；C．电离平衡是相对的、暂时的，与外界条件有关，外界条件改变，则平衡被打破，建立新的平衡，故C正确；D．电解质达到电离平衡后，溶液中分子的浓度和离子的浓度不变，但离子浓度不一定相等，如25℃时，醋酸溶液呈酸性，溶液中氢离子浓度大于氢氧根离子浓度，故D错误；故选C．点评：本题考查了电离平衡，明确电离平衡的概念是解本题关键，注意电离平衡溶液中各种离子浓度不一定相等，但达到电离平衡时，各种离子、分子浓度不变，为易错点．4．（3分）下表是常温下某些一元弱酸的电离常数：则0.1mol/L的下列溶液中，c（H+）最大的是（）弱酸HCN HF CH3COOH HNO2电离常数 6.2×10﹣10 6.8×10﹣4 1.8×10﹣5 6.4×10﹣6A．HCN B．HF C．CH3COOH D．HNO2考点：弱电解质在水溶液中的电离平衡．专题：电离平衡与溶液的pH专题．分析：同一温度下，酸的电离常数越大其酸性越强，根据酸的电离常数确定酸性强弱，从而得到氢离子浓度的大小．解答：解：同一温度下，酸的电离常数越大其酸性越强，根据酸的电离常数知，酸性最强的是HF，最弱的是HCN，则c（H+）最大是酸性最强的，即HF，故选B．点评：本题考查了弱电解质的电离，明确酸的电离平衡常数与酸性强弱的关系是解本题关键，难度不大．5．（3分）可以说明乙酸是弱酸的事实是（）A．乙酸不能使酚酞溶液变红色B．乙酸和Na2CO3反应可放出CO2C．乙酸能使紫色石蕊试液变红色D．0.1 mol•L﹣1的乙酸溶液pH＞1考点：弱电解质在水溶液中的电离平衡．专题：电离平衡与溶液的pH专题．分析：证明CH3COOH为弱酸，可从以下角度判断：①等浓度的HCl、CH3COOH导电能力；②比较二者的电离程度，判断是否完全电离；③判断是否存在电离平衡；④比较二者对应的盐溶液的酸碱性等．解答：解：A．乙酸不能使酚酞溶液变红色，则说明乙酸溶液不呈酸性，不能说明醋酸是弱电解质，故A错误；B．乙酸和碳酸钠反应放出二氧化碳，说明乙酸的酸性比碳酸强，但不能说明醋酸是弱电解质，故B错误；C．乙酸溶液能使石蕊试液变红，只能说明乙酸溶液呈酸性，故C错误；D.0.1 mol•L﹣1的乙酸溶液pH＞1，说明醋酸部分电离，则醋酸是弱电解质，故D正确；故选D．点评：本题考查弱电解质的实验方法设计，题目难度中等，注意判断弱电解质的角度，把握正确的判断方法．6．（3分）已知0.1mol/L的醋酸溶液中存在电离平衡：CH3COOH⇌CH3COO﹣+H+，要使溶液中c （H+）/c（CH3COOH）值增大，可以采取的措施是（）A．加少量烧碱溶液B．升高温度C．加少量冰醋酸D．加水考点：弱电解质在水溶液中的电离平衡．专题：电离平衡与溶液的pH专题．分析：要使溶液中c（H+）/c（CH3COOH）值增大，应是平衡向电离的方向移动，结合影响平衡移动的因素解答该题．解答：解：A．加入烧碱溶液，反应生成CH3COO﹣，c（H+）减小，促进CH3COOH的电离，则比值减小，故A错误；B．弱电解质的电离为吸热过程，加热促进电离，则比值增大，故B正确；C．加少量冰醋酸，醋酸浓度增大，弱电解质的浓度越大，电离程度越小，则比值减小，故C错误；D．加水，溶液体积增大，导致氢离子、醋酸浓度都减小，但是电离平衡：CH3COOH⇌CH3COO﹣+H+正向移动，氢离子浓度减的少，醋酸浓度减的大，所以比值增大，故D正确．故选BD．点评：本题考查弱电解质的电离，侧重于考查学生的分析能力和化学基本概念的理解和应用能力，为2015届高考常见题型，难度中等，注意把握影响弱电解质的电离的影响因素．7．（3分）一定量的盐酸跟过量的铁粉反应时，为了减缓反应速度，且不影响生成氢气的总量，可向盐酸中加入适量的（）A．NaOH（固体）B．H2O C．NH4Cl（固体）D．CH3COONa（固体）考点：化学反应速率的影响因素．专题：化学反应速率专题．分析：减缓反应速度，应降低溶液中H+离子的浓度，不影响生成氢气的总量，则所加入物质对溶液中H+离子的总物质的量没有影响，题目中NaOH与酸中和、NH4Cl水解呈酸性，都引起H+离子的物质的量的变化；加水H+离子浓度降低，加入CH3COONa生成弱酸，H+离子浓度降低，但不影响生成氢气的总量．解答：解：A、NaOH与酸中和，引起H+离子的物质的量的变化，影响生成氢气的总量，故A错误；B、加水稀释溶液，H+离子浓度降低，但不影响生成氢气的总量，故B正确；C、NH4Cl水解呈酸性，引起H+离子的物质的量增大，影响生成氢气的总量，故C错误；D、加入CH3COONa生成弱酸，H+离子浓度降低，但H+离子的物质的量的不变，则不影响生成氢气的总量，故D正确；故选BD．点评：本题考查外界条件对反应速率的影响，做题时注意本题中的两个要求，从物质的性质角度考虑，本题难度不大．8．（3分）在相同温度时，100mL 0.01mol•L﹣1的醋酸溶液与10mL 0.1mol•L﹣1的醋酸溶液相比较，下列数据中，前者大于后者的是（）①H+的物质的量②电离程度③中和时所需氢氧化钠的量④醋酸的物质的量．A．①②B．②③C．①④D．②④考点：弱电解质在水溶液中的电离平衡．专题：电离平衡与溶液的pH专题．分析：在相同温度时，100mL 0.01mol•L﹣1的醋酸溶液与10mL0.1mol•L﹣1的醋酸溶液中溶质都为0.001mol，醋酸为弱电解质，浓度不同，电离程度不同，浓度越大，电离程度越小，以此解答该题．解答：解：①醋酸为弱电解质，浓度越大，电离程度越小，两种溶液溶质都为0.001mol，则100mL 0.01mol•L﹣1的醋酸溶液与10mL0.1mol•L﹣1的醋酸溶液相比较，H+的物质的量前者大，故①正确；②醋酸为弱电解质，浓度越大，电离程度越小，电离程度0.01mol•L﹣1的醋酸大，故②正确；③由于溶质n（CH3COOH）都为0.001mol，中和时所需NaOH的量应相同，故③错误；④0.01mol•L﹣1的醋酸电离程度大，则溶液中CH3COOH分子的物质的量小，故④错误．故选A．点评：本题考查弱电解质的电离，题目难度不大，本题注意醋酸为弱电解质，浓度不同，电离程度不同，浓度越大，电离程度越小的特征．9．（3分）在0.1mol•L﹣1 CH3COOH溶液中存在如下电离平衡：CH3COOH⇌CH3COO﹣+H+，对于该平衡，下列叙述正确的是（）A．加入水时，平衡向逆反应方向移动B．加入少量NaOH固体，平衡向正反应方向移动C．加入少量0.1mol•L﹣1 HCl溶液，溶液中c（H+）减小D．加入少量CH3COONa固体，平衡向正反应方向移动考点：弱电解质在水溶液中的电离平衡．专题：电离平衡与溶液的pH专题．分析：A、稀释弱电解质溶液，会促进电离；B、H+被氢氧化钠消耗，平衡向着正向移动；C、引进了氢离子，平衡向着逆向移动，但是c（H+）会增大；D、加入醋酸根离子，平衡向着逆向移动．解答：解：A、加入水时，溶液被稀释，电离平衡向着正向移动，会促进醋酸的电离，故A错误；B、加入少量NaOH固体后，H+和氢氧化钠反应，平衡向着正向移动，故B正确；C、盐酸是强电解质，加入后溶液中c（H+）增大，电离平衡向着逆向移动，但是达到新的平衡时，溶液中c（H+）增大，故C错误；D、加入少量CH3COONa固体，溶液的c（CH3COO﹣）增大，平衡向着逆向移动，故D错误．故选B．点评：本题考查的是影响弱电解质电离平衡的因素，如温度、浓度等，难度适中．10．（3分）将c（H+）相同的盐酸和醋酸，分别用蒸馏水稀释至原来体积的m倍和n倍，稀释后两溶液的c（H+）仍相同，则m和n的关系是（）A．m＞n B．m＜n C．m=n D．不能确定考点：弱电解质在水溶液中的电离平衡．分析：根据醋酸是弱电解质，加水稀释有利于电离平衡正向移动，而盐酸是强电解质，不存在电离平衡．解答：解：因为醋酸是弱酸，加水后反应正向进行，醋酸电离度增加，加水后，氢离子浓度在减小但氢离子物质的量增大，而盐酸是强酸在水中完全电离，加水后，氢离子浓度只是在减小，所以要使稀释后两溶液pH值相同，就必须使m＜n，故选B．点评：本题考查了稀释对强弱电解质的不同影响，加水稀释，弱电解质的电离平衡会向右移动，这样生成的离子浓度在减小的同时还有增大的趋势．11．（3分）常温下，下列四种溶液：①pH=0的盐酸，②0.1mol•L﹣1的盐酸，③0.01mol•L﹣1的NaOH溶液，④pH=11的NaOH溶液中，由水电离生成的H+的物质的量浓度之比为（）A．1：10：100：1000 B．0：1：12：11C．14：13：12：11 D．14：13：2：1考点：pH的简单计算．专题：推断题．分析：电离平衡为H2O⇌H++OH﹣，在水中加入酸或者碱溶液，导致溶液中氢离子或者氢氧根离子浓度增大，抑制了水的电离；酸溶液中氢氧根离子是水电离的，碱溶液中氢离子是水电离，结合Kw=c（H+）×c（OH﹣）计算该题．解答：解：酸溶液中，氢氧根离子是水电离，碱溶液中氢离子是水电离的，①pH=0的盐酸，溶液中氢离子浓度为1mol/L，水电离的氢氧根离子为mol/L=1×10﹣14mol/L；②0.1mol/L盐酸，溶液中氢离子浓度为0.1mol/L，水电离的氢氧根离子为mol/L=1×10﹣13mol/L；③0.01mol/L的NaOH 溶液，溶液中氢离子浓度为mol/L=1×10﹣12mol/L；④pH=11的NaOH 溶液，溶液中氢离子浓度为1×10﹣11mol/L；所以由水电离产生的c（H+）之比①：②：③：④=1×10﹣14mol/L：1×10﹣13mol/L：1×10﹣12mol/L：1×10﹣11mol/L=1：10：100：1000，故选A．点评：本题考查了水的电离以及pH的计算，为高频考点，侧重于学生的分析能力和计算能力的考查，题目难度中等，解题关键是合理判断酸碱溶液中水电离情况分析及计算方法，注意酸溶液中，氢氧根离子是水电离，碱溶液中氢离子是水电离的．12．（3分）用pH试纸测定某无色溶液的pH值时，规范的操作是（）A．将pH试纸放入溶液中观察其颜色变化，跟标准比色卡比较B．将溶液倒在pH试纸上，跟标准比色卡比较C．用干燥的洁净玻璃棒蘸取溶液，滴在pH试纸上，跟标准比色卡比较D．在试管内放入少量溶液，煮沸，把pH试纸放在管口，观察颜色，跟标准比色卡比较考点：测定溶液pH的方法．专题：压轴题；化学实验基本操作．分析：用pH试纸测定溶液pH的方法为：用玻璃棒蘸取少许待测液滴在PH试纸上，然后把试纸显示的颜色与标准比色卡对照．解答：解：用pH试纸测定溶液pH的方法为：用玻璃棒蘸取少许待测液滴在PH试纸上，然后把试纸显示的颜色与标准比色卡对照，即可确定溶液的酸碱度．A．不能把pH试纸放入溶液，会污染试剂，故A错误；B．不能将溶液倒在pH试纸上，故B错误；C．符合测定溶液pH的方法，故C正确；D．在试管内放入少量溶液，煮沸，把pH试纸放在管口，无法测定该溶液的pH，故D错误；故选C．点评：测定溶液的pH时必须保证原溶液不污染、不稀释．13．（3分）25℃时，浓度均为0.2mol/L的NaHCO3和Na2CO3溶液中，下列判断不正确的是（）A．均存在电离平衡和水解平衡B．存在的粒子种类相同C．c（OH﹣）前者大于后者D．分别加入NaOH固体，恢复到原温度，c（CO32﹣）均增大考点：盐类水解的应用．专题：盐类的水解专题．分析：A、任何溶液中均存在水的电离平衡，在水溶液中碳酸氢根存在电离平衡和水解平衡；B、根据溶液中存在的微粒来回答；C、碳酸根的水解程度大于碳酸氢根，水解规律：谁强显谁性；D、碳酸氢根和氢氧根在溶液中不共存．解答：解：A、Na2CO3溶液中存在水的电离平衡和碳酸根的水解平衡，NaHCO3在水溶液中存在碳酸氢根的电离平衡和水解平衡以及水的电离平衡，故A正确；B、NaHCO3和Na2CO3溶液中存在的微粒均为：钠离子、碳酸根、碳酸氢根、氢氧根、氢离子、碳酸分子、水分子，存在的粒子种类相同，故B正确；C、碳酸根的水解程度大于碳酸氢根，二者水解均显碱性，跟据水解规律：谁强显谁性，所以碳酸钠中的氢氧根浓度大于碳酸氢钠溶液中的氢氧根浓度，故C错误；D、分别加入NaOH固体，恢复到原温度，碳酸氢根和氢氧根在溶液反应会生成碳酸根和水，氢氧根对它们的水解均起到抑制作用，所以c（CO32﹣）均增大，故D正确．故选：C．点评：本题考查学生盐的水解的应用，可以根据所学知识进行回答，难度不大．14．（3分）明矾溶液中各种离子的物质的量浓度大小关系正确的是（）A．c（K+）＞c（Al3+）B．c（K+）=c（Al3+）C．c（H+）=c（OH﹣）D．c（Al3+）＜c（H+）考点：盐类水解的应用．专题：盐类的水解专题．分析：明矾在水中电离：KAl（SO4）2=K++Al3++2SO42﹣，因Al3+水解，Al3++H2O⇌Al（OH）3+3H+，溶液显酸性，则c（K+）＞c（Al3+），c（H+）＞c（OH）﹣，c（Al3+）＞c（H+）．解答：解：明矾溶液中，存在KAl（SO4）2=K++Al3++2SO42﹣、Al3++H2O⇌Al（OH）3+3H+，溶液显酸性，则c（H+）＞c（OH）﹣，因Al3+水解，且水解程度较小，则c（K+）＞c（Al3+）＞c （H+），故选A．点评：本题考查盐类水解，侧重于离子浓度大小比较的考查，注重学生的分析能力的考查，注意把握盐类水解的原理，难度不大．15．（3分）常温下，将甲酸和氢氧化钠溶液混合，所得溶液pH=7，则此溶液中（）A．c（HCOO﹣）＞c（Na+）B．c（HCOO﹣）＜c（Na+）C．c（HCOO﹣）=c（Na+）D．无法确定c（HCOO﹣）与c（Na+）的关系考点：离子浓度大小的比较．专题：守恒法．分析：甲酸和氢氧化钠溶液混合后发生反应：HCOOH+NaOH=HCOONa+H2O，常温下溶液的pH=7，溶液显示中性，则c（OH﹣）＞c（H+），根据电荷守恒可知：c（HCOO﹣）=c（Na+）．解答：解：甲酸和氢氧化钠溶液混合后发生反应：HCOOH+NaOH=HCOONa+H2O，溶液中存在电荷守恒：c（H+）+c（Na+）=c（OH﹣）+c（HCOO﹣），所得溶液的pH=7，溶液中呈中性，则c（HCOO﹣）=c（Na+），所以c（HCOO﹣）=c（Na+），故选C．点评：本题主要考查溶液中离子浓度大小比较，为2015届高考的热点，题目难度中等，注意掌握电荷守恒的思想在离子浓度大小比较问题中的应用方法，试题有利于培养学生学生灵活应用所学知识的能力．16．（3分）在由水电离产生的H+浓度为1×10﹣13mol•L﹣1的溶液中，一定能大量共存的离子组是（）①K+、Cl﹣、NO3﹣、SO32﹣②K+、Fe2+、I﹣、SO42﹣③Na+、Cl﹣、NO3﹣、SO42﹣④Na+、Ca2+、Cl﹣、HCO3﹣⑤K+、Ba2+、Cl﹣、NO3﹣．A．①③B．③⑤C．③④D．②⑤考点：离子共存问题．专题：离子反应专题．分析：在由水电离产生的H+浓度为1×10﹣13mol•L﹣1的溶液中，为酸或碱溶液，与H+或OH ﹣反应的离子不能大量共存，以此解答该题．解答：解：①在酸性条件下，NO3﹣与SO32﹣发生氧化还原反应而不能大量共存，故①错误；②在碱性条件下，Fe2+不能大量共存，故②错误；③无论溶液呈酸性还是碱性，离子之间都不发生任何反应，可大量共存，故③正确；④无论溶液呈酸性还是碱性，HCO3﹣都不能大量共存，故④错误；⑤论溶液呈酸性还是碱性，离子之间都不发生任何反应，可大量共存，故⑤正确．故选B．点评：本题考查离子共存问题，综合考查元素化合物知识，为2015届高考常见题型，难度中等，注意把握相关离子的性质以及反应类型，答题时要注意水电离出的氢离子浓度的特点，明确溶液的酸碱性为解答该题的关键．17．（3分）在含有浓度均为0.01mol•L﹣1的Cl﹣、Br﹣、I﹣离子的溶液中，缓慢且少量的加入AgNO3稀溶液，结合溶解度判断析出三种沉淀的先后顺序是（）A．AgCl、AgBr、AgI B．AgI、AgBr、AgClC．AgBr、AgCl、AgI D．三种沉淀同时析出。
湖北省广水市文华高中2013-2014学年高一下学期3月月考化学试卷
湖北省广水市文华高中2013-2014学年高一下学期3月月考化学试卷本试卷分第一部分（选择题）和第二部分（非选择题），满分100分，考试时间90分钟。
第一部分选择题（共51分）一、选择题（每小题3分，每小题只有1个选项符合题意，17小题，共51分。
）1．教材中氨的喷泉实验体现了氨的哪一种性质（）。
A．还原性B．比空气轻C．很易液化D．极易溶于水2．下列溶液能使红色花瓣快速褪色的是（）。
A．稀盐酸B．新制氯水C．氯化钙稀溶液D．生理盐水3．有关下列反应产物的叙述，错误的是（）。
A．在Cl2中点燃铁丝，有FeCl2生成B．将Cl2通入水中，有HCl生成C．将Cl2通入KBr溶液中，有Br2生成D．将Cl2通入NaOH溶液中，有NaClO生成4．浓硫酸和浓硝酸是实验室常用的酸，下列关于它们的说法错误的是（）。
A．浓硫酸和浓硝酸都不能用来直接跟锌粒反应制氢气B．浓硫酸和浓硝酸都能与单质碳反应C．浓硫酸和浓硝酸加水稀释后都能与金属铜反应D．浓硫酸和浓硝酸在常温下都能用金属铝制容器盛放5．下列说法符合事实的是（）。
A．SiO2溶于水成为硅酸B．CO2通入水玻璃中得到白色沉淀C．CO2通入饱和CaCl2溶液能生成白色沉淀D．硅酸酸性比碳酸弱，所以SiO2不能跟Na2CO3反应6．下列反应的离子方程式正确的是（）。
A．稀盐酸滴在石灰石上：CO32-+2H+ === CO2↑+H2OB．氯化铝溶液加入过量氨水：Al3++3OH- === Al(OH)3↓C．碳酸氢钠和稀硫酸反应：HCO3-+H+=== CO2↑+H2OD．氯气与水反应：Cl2 + H2O === 2H++ Cl-+ClO-7．下列说法正确的是（）。
A．pH在5.6～7.0之间的降水通常称为酸雨B．燃煤时加入适量石灰石，可减少废气中SO2的量C．新制氯水经光照一段时间pH增大D．测定某溶液pH应先用蒸馏水润湿pH试纸8．下列说法正确的是（）。
A．雷雨天气时空气中能生成少量的氮氧化物B．实验室用氯化铵溶液和氢氧化钙溶液混合制取氨气C．铵盐化学性质都很稳定D．O2、NO、NO2都能用浓硫酸干燥，且通常情况下能共存9．检验氯化氢气体中是否混有Cl2，可采用的方法是（）。
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第 1 页 共 11 页 文华高中高二英语3月月考试卷 说明: 本试卷分第一卷 (选择题 100分) 和第二卷 (非选择题 50分) 两部分. 满分150分, 考试时间120分钟. 第一卷( 选择题 共两部分,计100分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Where should be the most suitable place for this conversation? A．In the hospital. B．At the woman’s home. C．In the teacher’s office. 2．Why is Betty working for Smith’s company? A．Because it is a company training typists. B．Because it is a company selling typewriters. C．Because Betty needs a job as a typist. 3．Where does the conversation most probably take place? A．In a bookstore. B．In the library. C．In a booking office. 4．What can we learn from the woman’s words? A．She wants rooms to share in with her family. B．She has a small family and is fond of music. C．She can’t afford a tworoom house. 5．Why is Smith so successful? A．Because he is always thinking of others. B．Because he can answer questions quickly. C．Because he never makes any mistake. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 第 2 页 共 11 页
6．What do we learn about Jenny from the conversation? A．She is the woman’s sister. B．She doesn’t like going out at all. C．She likes dancing very much. 7．Why won’t the woman take her camera with her tomorrow? A．Because her brother wants to use it tomorrow. B．Because she has lent it to someone else. C．Because there is something wrong with it. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．Why does the woman want to buy a piano? A．To take part in a test. B．To learn to play the piano. C．To collect the pianos. 9．How much will the woman pay for the piano finally? A．6,000 yuan. B．10,000 yuan. C．6,200 yuan. 10．What can we learn from the conversation? A．The woman is good at playing the piano. B．Pearl River is the name of the shop. C．The piano will be delivered for free. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．Where does the man’s wife want to go? A．India. B．Italy. C．Egypt. 12．How may the man go to travel? A．By sea. B．By air. C．By train. 13．Why do the man and his wife usually not go anywhere in the end? A．Because they don’t have enough money. B．Because they don’t have enough time. C．Because his wife always worries too much. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Distant relatives. B．New neighbors. 第 3 页 共 11 页
C．Old classmates. 15．Why do Mr.and Mrs.Smith come to the woman’s place? A．To get her phone number. B．To ask her for some help. C．To give her an invitation. 16．How does the woman’s husband work? A．Busily. B．Carefully. C．Quickly. 17．When will the woman go to Mr.Smith’s place? A．At 4∶00 pm. B．At 5∶00 pm. C．At 5∶30 pm. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．When does the store close at night? A．At 9∶30. B．At 10∶30. C．At 10∶45. 19．What items are sold on the second floor? A．Things for office use. B．Clothes and shoes. C．Electrical appliances(电器)． 20．Why does the store give a 15% discount(折扣) to the customers today? A．To celebrate the Opening Day. B．To celebrate an important holiday. C．To thank the customers for always coming to the store. 第二部分 词汇知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 多项选择(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 21．The new policy will________ the elders a lot that people over 65 can take buses free of charge. A．discount B．support C．approve D．benefit 22．Liu Xiang achieved his________ to become the first man to cover the 110meter hurdles in under 12.91 seconds. 第 4 页 共 11 页
A．ambition B．admiration C．assistance D．encouragement 23．Try to________ at least an hour each day for learning new vocabulary. A．set off B．set out C．set aside D．set down
24. The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to ________ the change. A. adapt to B. adopt to C. apply to D. devote to 25.She was so sad because she failed in the math test. Let’s ______ her _______. A. leave … behind B. leave … alone C. leave … aside D. leave … out 26.The teacher said there were twelve _____ who had failed in the exam. A at all B in all C all in D all in all
27.Why are you smiling at me? --- You look _______ in that hat.
A. absent-minded B. absurd C. gifted D. wise 28.A Tales of Two Cities is________ a novel. It helps us to understand the history of England and French of that time. A. more than B. not more than C. no more than D. less than 29. John has no difficulty making friends in any situations due to his _______ character. A. selfish B. hardworking C. easygoing D. shy 30．Don’t let anybody in.I’m________ busy to see anybody. A．very B．quite C．too D．much 第二节 完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从20—40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Just home from work，Daddy stepped in the kitchen where Mother and I were preparing supper．From the look on his face, we knew something was 31 him． “Mr．Roth is worse, ” he said． “The doctor says it’s only a 32 of time now．The old man can 33 his pain, but not the long hours he has to spend alone．His eyes are 34 bad that he can’t read，and he doesn’t get much 35 ．He keeps begging for a big dog to be his companion(伴侣)， 36 he can reach out and touch as he sits in his wheelchair in the sun．” “Why don’t they 37 him a dog?” I asked． “Honey，with Mr．Roth in the hospital so much of time．there are a lot of 38 ．There isn’t enough money.” “They could go to the animal shelter（庇护所） and get one．”I 39 ． “Yes，” Daddy said．“I suppose they could．But it has to be a 40 dog，which they can trust to be gentle（温顺的）．Not all big dogs are．” After supper，I went 41 my big German shepherd(牧羊犬)，Dan，was usually playing．He jumped up and ran to meet me 42 he always did when I came into sight．There were no other