书法艺术 英文版

千百年来，中国人都是用繁体字来书写， 但是，笔画繁多的繁体字，难认、难记， 也难于书写。1949年以后，为了普及教育的 需要，中国政府统一对汉字进行了较大规 模的简化工作，先后有2 000多个繁体字被 简化字取代。现在，简化字是联合国的工 作文字之一。





For thousands of years, Chinese people had been writing in Complex Chinese Characters (Traditional Chinese). However, the Complex Chinese Characters are difficult to identify,memorize and write due to their complicated strokes. From 1949,for the sake of the popularization of education, the Chinese government simplified the Chinese Characters on a large scale. There were more than 2 000 Complex Chinese Characters that were simplified to today’s appearance. Nowadays the Simplified Chinese Character is one of the official characters used by the UN.
历史上，汉字曾被朝鲜、日本、越南等国 家长期借用，汉字正以其旺盛的生命力和 独特的魅力走向世界。 In history, Chinese characters were borrowed by Korea, Japan,and Vietnam for a long time. It has been borne out that Chinese characters are of vigorous vitality.
王羲之 Wang Xizhi （303-361） Eastern Jin Dynasty（317-420）

The Chinese characters constitute one of mankind’s oldest systems of writing, and have the most users in the world.There are many Chinese characters, totaling about 60 000,with about 6 000 basic ones. Chinese characters have a long history.It derived from the pictorial recording of events, known as hieroglyph. The earliest Chinese characters discovered up to now are jiaguwen (ancient Chinese characters inscribed on tortoise shells or animal bones), dating back 3 400 years, which were already mature characters.

Xiaozhuan was the standard script of the Qin Dynasty (221BC—206 BC). Lishu was the standard script of the Han Dy n a s t y ( 2 0 6 B C—2 2 0 AD) . Kaishu, also called zhenshu真书and zhengshu正书 appeared in the late Han Dynasty, and has been in use till now.
Calligraphy is the traditional art of writing Chinese char- acters. After centuries of creation and evolution, calligraphy has become a unique form of art. Chinese scripts are generally divided into five categories: the seal script (zhuan), the official script (li), the regular script (kai), the cursive hand (cao) and the running hand (xing).

comprehension

Self-explanatory指事characters are made up by adding self-explanatory symbols on pictographs, or totally made up of symbols, such as 刃 (blade), which is made up by adding a point on the cutting edge of a knife, pointing out the position of the blade.


象形：是指画出事物形状的造字法。如：“ 月”，“月”写起来像一个弯弯的月亮。 指事：在象形字上加指事符号，或完全用符 号组成字的造字法。如：“刃”，在刀锋上 加一点儿，指出这个位置就是刀刃所在。


会意：把两个或两个以上的符号组合起来 ，表示一个新的意义的造字法。如“明” ，是由“日”和“月”组成，太阳和月亮 在一起，怎么能不明呢。 形声：用形旁和声旁组成新字。形旁，是 表示字的意义；声旁，是表示字的读音。 如：“湖”字，“水”是形旁，告诉大家 ，这是一个与水有关的字，“胡”是声旁 ，告诉大家，这个字的读音和“胡”一致 。
The seal script was the representa- tive script of the Qin Dynasty (221BC—206 BC). The official script was popularly used in the Han Dynasty (206 BC—220 AD). The regular script was the result of development of the official script.
汉字从古到今形体发生了很大的变化，由图 形变为由笔画构成的方块形符号，所以汉字 一般也叫“方块字”，经历了甲骨文、金文 、小篆、隶书、楷书 等字体的演变。 Chinese characters have big changes over the ages. From the earliest form of hieroglyph to the more advanced symbol character composed of strokes, it has experienced a process of jiaguwen, jinwen (ancient language used in inscriptions on ancient bronze objects), xiaozhuan (small seal character),lishu (official script), and kaishu(regular script).
中国书法Chinese Calligraphy
书 法
文房四宝 The
Study
Four Treasures of
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
1. 毛笔 2. 墨 3. 宣纸 paper 4. 砚
•
Brush Ink-stick Rice Ink-stone
“Four Treasures of the Study is an idiom that refers to the

Associative compounds会意are combination of two or more symbols to represent a new character with a new meaning. For instance, the character 明 (bright) is composed by 日(sun) and 月(moon). Definitely,it will be bright when the sun and the moon appear in the same place.
Pictophonetic method形声is a word formation method combining one element of a character indicating meaning and the other, pronunciation, into a new word. Form element indicates the word’s meaning and characteristic. Phonetic element indicates the pronunciation of the word. For example, 湖 (lake) is composed of three dots indicating water, and胡 indicating the pronunciation
The cursive hand is a fast way of writing the regular and of- ficial scripts. The running hand is the script between the regular and cursive. Neither as neat as the former nor as difficult to rec- ognize as the latter, it is the most commonly used, and is the easi- est way of handwriting.