初中现在完成时讲解和练习

现在完成时讲解和练习

I.定义：

1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

2.也可以表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态

II.

注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。

如：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。

III.~

IV.现在完成时的时间状语

1.ever, never, twice（once…）, so far（到目前为止）, by now, up to now, up to the present , already（肯定句）, yet（否定，疑问句）, just(刚刚), before（以前）, recently（近来）等词连用+时间点，since+从句(since he came here), for+时间段，in the past/last few years

表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。

说明：already与yet都有“已经”的意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑问句，并用于句末。例如：

I have already finished my homework.

I haven’t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet

They have left. (他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里)

I have had my lunch. (我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿)

I can’t find my watch now. I think I have already lost it.

注意：1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, three years ago 等;

2)不能与when连用

V.现在完成时的用法

；

A．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。例如：The car has arrived.车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口）

Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着）

B. 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。例如：My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。

Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。

How long have you been here 你来这里多久了

用相应的延续性动词替换短暂性动词，句中谓语动词用现在完成时，时间状语为“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点”。如：

He has been in the Green China for three years.

He has been a member of the Green China for three years.

他加入“绿色中国”已经三年了。

The old man died 4 years The old man has been dead for 4 years.

He joined the Party 2 years He has been in the Party for 2 years.

I bought the book 5 days I have had the book for 5 days.

VI.现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别

1一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。

I saw this film yesterday.（强调动作发生的时间是yesterday 。）

I have seen this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）

2一般过去时和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：…ago, last week/...

In 2008, in the past, just now, the day before yesterday, yesterday ...then(那时),that day, one day, once(从前)

现在完成时常和recently（近来），ever, never, twice, so far, by now, up to now, up to the present（到目前为止）, since，for，in the past/last few years , already（肯定句）, yet（否定，疑问句）, just(刚刚), before（以前）连用。现在完成时不与表示过去的时间状语连用。现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.

VII.！

VIII.比较have/has been to、have/has gone to 和have been in

have(has) been to...表示“曾去过某地，已经从那里回来了”，可以和ever、never、twice等连用。have(has) gone to表示“已经去了某地，在去那里的途中或到达那里还没有回来”。have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等

He went to Shanghai last week 上周他去了上海

He has been to Shanghai.

他(曾经)到/去过上海.(但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了)

He has gone to Shanghai.

他已经去上海了.(也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里)

Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.

）

布朗先生来上海已经有三天了

语法练习

单项选择

( )1.The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .

Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written ( )2.Have you met Mr. Li ____

—

Ａ. Just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ.a moment ago ( )3.—How long have you ____ here —About two months .

Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived

( )4.—Our country ____ a lot so far .

—Yes. I hope it will be even ______ .

Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed; better ( )5.—______ you ___ your homework yet —Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.

Ａ.Did; do; finished Ｂ.Have; done; finished

，

Ｃ.Have; done; have finished Ｄ. will; do; finish

( )6.We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .

Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew

( )7.Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _____ twice.

Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see

( )8.—These farmers have been to the United States .

—Really When _____ there

Ａ. will they go Ｂ.did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone ( )9.%

( )10.Zhou Lang ______already ______in this school for two years .

Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are; studying ( )11.His father ______ the Party since 1998 .

Ａ.joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in ( )12.—Do you know him well — Sure .We ______ friends since ten years ago .

Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made ( )13.He has ___ been to Shanghai, has he

Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still

( )14.;

( )15.Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .

Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began

( )16.It ___ ten years since he left the army .

Ａ. Is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was

( )17.Miss Green isn't in the office. She_______ to the library.

Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been

( )18.My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.

Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been toＣ. have gone to Ｄ. have been ( )19.。

( )20.The students have cleaned the classroom, ____

A. so they

B. don’t they

C. have they

D. haven’t they ( )21.has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he to China

A. How soon, comes

B. How often, got

C. How long, came

D. How far, arrived ( )22.His uncle for more than 9 years.

A. has come here

B. has started to work

C. has lived there

D. has left the university ( )23.：

( )24.His father ______ the Party since 1978 .

A. joined

B. has joined

C. was in

D. has been in

延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化

died 10 years ago.

——He ______________ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.

2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago.

——He _____________the book for 2 weeks.

3. He bought the motorbike a month ago.

——He ___________the motorbike for a month.

4. He arrived here three days ago.

——He ____________here since three days ago.

5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago.

—— The light __________for 2 hours.

6. He left here 2 years ago.

—— He ____________from here for 2 years.

7. The film began 30 minutes ago.

——The film __________ for 30 minutes.

8. They opened the door an hour ago.

—— The door __________ for an hour.

9. They closed the door an hour ago.

——The door ___________for an hour.

10. He joined the army last year.

——He _____________ the army for a year.

——It ___________ a year ____________ he joined the army.

现在完成时专项练习及答案

现在完成时专项练习及答案一、单项选择 1.He has_________for two years.Two years _______a long time. A. left home ; are B. left home; is C. been away from home; is D. been away from home;are 2.---How long have you _____the football team of the school?---About 2 years. A. been on B. been at C .joined D. played 3.---I have already finished my homework.---When ____you _____it? A. have; finished B. do; finish C. will; finish D did; finish 4.Mr Green___________in China since 5 years ago. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. will live 5.I_________a letter from him since he left. A. didn’t receive B. haven’t got C. didn’t have D. haven’t heard 6.There ___________great changes in our country for two years. A. were B. was C. are D have been 7.Mr. Black __________China for many years. 8.---I haven’t seen you _________last Saturday. A. for B. since C. from D. after 9.---How long have you taught in this school?----________. A. In 1995 B. Since 1995 C. 8 years ago D. Since 8 years 10.Neither you nor Hans _____________to the Great Wall before. A. have gone B. has gone C. has been D. have been 11.----Have you _______to Hawaii ?------Yes. I ___________there last Spring. A. been; have been B. gone; went C. gone ;have been D. been, went 12.----Where is Mr. Green ?----Oh, he _________ Canada. A. has been to B. has gone to C. have gone to D. have been to 13.__________they were tired, _________they still went on working. A. Because , / B. Although, / C. Because , so D. Although, but 14.There are two old books on the shelf, but __________ of them is useful. A. both B. all C. neither D. none 15.We are all very tired ,but ________of us would like to have a rest. A. all B. any C. none D. neither 16.How long can this book be_________? A. borrowed B. lent C. taken D. kept 17.----Are you________ from America? ------No, none of us has. A. each B. both C. either D. all 18.__________he said at the meeting means we won’t leave here _________tomorrow. A. That; before B. What; until C. How ;until D. When ;until 19.----________you _______ to New York? -----No, but I will go there next month.. A. Have; gone B. Do, go C. Will, go D. Have; been 20.Tom__________here last week. I_________ already ________friends with him. A. 21. The cars made in Japan are much cheaper than_________ made in America.

人教版英语八年级英语∶英语现在完成时专练附答案百度文库

人教版英语八年级英语∶英语现在完成时专练附答案百度文库一、初中英语现在完成时 1．—How many times _______ you _______ to Beijing this year? —Three times. A. have；been B. had；been C. have；gone D. had；gone 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意是：——你今年去过北京几次？——三次。考查have been 与have gone 的区别。have been 是指去过某地切已经回来了，have gone 是指去了某地还没有回来，根据答句Three times.可以推测已经回来了，故选 A。 2．—Do you still play basketball? —Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years. A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。 3．The Greens many places of interest since two years ago. A. has visited B. have visited C. visited D. will visit 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:自两年前开始，格林一家参观了许多名胜。since引出的时间状语从句，强调主句谓语从过去某时一直延续到现在，主句用现在完成时态，the Greens格林一家，表示复数含义，作主语，谓语用复数形式。故选B。 4．— Hobo and Eddie the cinema to watch the film Zootopia. — Oh, that's why I can't find them now. A. have gone to B. have been to C. has gone to D. has been to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查主谓一致。句意：——侯博和埃迪去了电影院看电影《疯狂动物城》。——哦，这就是为什么我现在找不到他们的原因。have gone to去了；been to去过。Hobo and Eddie作主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。所以选A。

初中现在完成时态讲解带练习知识讲解

初中现在完成时态讲解带练习

一.现在完成时的含义及用法 1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。现在完成时的基本句型：肯定式：主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词? 用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) 此时，现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助动词之后，过去分词之前。 already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经 1.你已经找到你的书了吗? 2.他们在这个城市建了许多房子. 3.Judy还没到达.

4.你吃过早饭了吗? 用法② 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock? for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子 ①Mr. Brown has had his TV _____15 years. ②I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month. ③My sister has had her cell phone _____a month . ④My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday. ⑤We haven’t used our car _____a long ti me . ⑥She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee ____ years. ⑦Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old. 二.have been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to “到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in“呆在某处一段时间了” 三.实义动词分为: 瞬间动词、延续动词

中考复习专题现在完成时专项练习题

中考复习专题现在完成时专项练习题一、初中英语现在完成时 1．—I haven't seen your grandfather for two years. What happened to him? —Oh, he ________ here for two years. A. stayed B. hasn't stayed C. stays D. hadn't stayed 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】答语中的for two years是一段时间，用在现在完成时的句中时。现在完成时的结构：主语+have/ has +过去分词。可知选B。【点评】考查现在完成时 2．—What great progress Huawei ________ in recent years! —No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world. A. is making B. has made C. makes D. made 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——华为近几年取得了多大的进步啊！——难怪它在世界的每个角落都出名。根据时间状语in recent years，近几年，可知动作从过去持续到现在，时态为现在完成时have/has+过去分词，故选B。【点评】考查现在完成时。注意掌握现在完成时的结构have/has+过去分词。 3．—Do you still play basketball? —Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years. A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。 4．—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read? —I've no idea. I _____ there. A. have gone B. have been C. haven't been D. haven't gone 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：---你觉得北京怎么样，瑞得小姐？---我不知道，我没有去过那儿。短语：have been to去过某地（已经返回）；have gone to去了某地（尚未返回），根据句意，故答案为C。【点评】考查短语辨析，区分have been to与have gone to，理解句子，根据语境判断答

【初中英语】现在完成时-知识点归纳与练习(1)

必备英语【初中英语】现在完成时-知识点归纳与练习一、初中英语现在完成时 1．The tall building here for 100 years. A. is B. was C. has been D. is been 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】那幢高楼在这里已经有100年了。根据for 100 years可知“高楼在这里”是过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，要用现在完成时态，其谓语动词形式为have/has+动词过去分词。故选C。【点评】此题考查现在完成时，平时应多归纳总结各种时态，语态和句式的结构及用法。 2．All the skirts .They very well. A. sold out;are sold B. sell out;have sold C. have been sold out;sell D. have sold out;sell 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：所有的裙子都卖完了，他们非常畅销。第一空sell out“卖完”，强调裙子已经被卖完的状态，本句用现在完成时的被动语态：has/have+been+过去分词，sell 的过去分词为sold；第二空sell作“销售”解释时用主动语态，在此处表一直卖得很好的状态，用一般现在时。故选C。【点评】本题考查一般现在时和现在完成时的被动语态，注意sell的不同语态和用法。 3．The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010． A. offered B. have offered C. are offering D. will offer 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查时态．句意"自2010以来，志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助．"．A过去时．B现在完成时态．C现在进行时态．D一般将来时态．since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态，结构是have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是volunteers复数，用助动词have．offer的过去分词是offered．答案是B． 4．My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda. A. was working B. is working C. has worked D. will work 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年，所以他对熊猫很了解。由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知，此句要用现在完成时，主语my father，助动词要用has，故选C。【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法，注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。

初中英语现在完成时详解

现在完成时一、现在完成时构成构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have. 现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下： 1、现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。 2、表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。如： I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。 She has been with us since Monday.

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