【Wonderful】Sunny Summarizing-Advanced Biostatistics(Postgraduate) of SAS
21世纪 大学英语 读写教程第一册B1_U03_A 教师课件 内含 习题答案 要点提示 第一册B1_U03_A

Intensive Study
2 Blind and black and poor -- what kind of a life could this new infant have? In her wildest dreams, Mrs. Morris could never have imagined that her new baby would become a famous musician called Stevie Wonder. At the time, all she could do was pray — and worry.
Intensive Study
9 “Give him an audition,” Ronnie said. They did. All the top people at Motown got together to hear a little blind boy who wasn’t even ten years old yet. At first, they were being nice. Poor kid. They didn’t want to hurt his feelings.
Intensive Study
15 That turned out to be enough. Stevie fought back from the shadow of death as he had once fought out from the shadow of blindness. He went on to give more performances, make more hit records.
பைடு நூலகம் Intensive Study
新世纪大学英语三期末考试复习资料

Unit 1Text A assure biased dread grin hover scrawl visibleText B await crease engage frail glisten hint sole 1.Don’t sit for too long or you’ll_crease_____your new dress.1.别坐得太久,否则会弄皱你的衣服。
2.There’s a ___hint ___ of summer in the air, although it’s only April.2.虽然才四月,空气中已经有一丝夏天的味道。
3. He ___assured___me that the well-known doctor would cure my headache.3.他向我保证,那个著名的医生会治好我的头痛。
4. I handed in my application for the job last week; I am eagerly ___awaiting___ their reply.4.我上周提交了我的就业申请,现在正急切地等待着他们的答复。
5. I wish you’d stop __hovering____ round and let me get on with some work.5.我希望你能停止在周围转动,好让我做一些工作。
6. Hilary was out, so I___scrawled___ a note to her and put it under the door.6.希拉里不在家,所以我草草写了一张给她的字条,放在门下。
7. The little girl kept on dancing, her face and black hair___glistening___ with sweat.7.这个小女孩不停地跳舞,她的脸和黑色的头发因为汗水闪闪发亮。
伍德里奇《计量经济学导论》(第5版)笔记和课后习题详解-第14章 高级的面板数据方法【圣才出品】

第14章高级的面板数据方法14.1复习笔记一、固定效应估计法1.固定效应变换固定效应变换又称组内变换,考虑仅有一个解释变量的模型:对每个i,有1 12 it it i it y x a u t Tβ=++=,,,…,对每个i 求方程在时间上的平均,便得到1i i i iy x a u β=++其中,11T it t y T y-==∑(关于时间的均值)。
因为a i 在不同时间固定不变,故它会在原模型和均值模型中都出现,如果对于每个t,两式相减,便得到()1 1 2 it i it i it i y y x x u u t Tβ-=-+-=,,,…,或1 12 it it it y x u t Tβ=+= ,,,…,其中,it it i y y y =- 是y 的除时间均值数据;对it x和it u 的解释也类似。
方程的要点在于,非观测效应a i 已随之消失,从而可以使用混合OLS 去估计式1 1 2 it it it y x u t T β=+= ,,,…,。
上式的混合OLS 估计量被称为固定效应估计量或组内估计量。
组间估计量可以从1i i i i y x a u β=++的OLS 估计量而得到,即同时使用y 和x 的时间平均值做一个横截面回归。
如果a i 与i x 相关,估计量是有偏误的。
而如果认为a i 与x it 无关,则使用随机效应估计量要更好。
组间估计量忽视了变量如何随着时间而变化。
2.原始的非观测效应模型1122 1 2 it it it k itk i it y x x x a u t Tβββ=++⋅⋅⋅+++=,,,…,只需对每个解释变量(包括诸如时期虚拟变量)都除去其时间均值,然后利用全部除时间均值后的变量做混合OLS 回归即可。
在解释变量的严格外生性假定下,固定效用估计量是无偏的:粗略地说,特异误差u it 应与所有时期的每个解释变量都无关。
固定效应估计量如一阶差分估计量一样,容许a i 与任何时期的解释变量任意相关,因为在时间上恒定的解释变量都必定随固定效应变换而消失。
高等学校研究生英语系列教材综合教程(下)熊海虹【打印版】1-6-9-10词汇

Unit 1Task1Task21. The __tranquil(安宁的)_ atmosphere of the inn allows guests to feel totally at home.2. Technological advances might _ultimately(最终)_ lead to even more job losses.3. In the __aftermath(余波)__ of the shootings, there were calls for tighter controls on gun ownership.4. Her kindness and generosity __cancel out(抵消)__ her occasional flashes of temper.5. He was beginning to wonder if he would survive the _ordeal(折磨)__.6. Foreign food aid has led to a __drastic(猛烈的)_ reduction in the numbers of people dying of starvation.7. Perhaps her most important __legacy(遗产)__ was her program of educational reform.8. There were food shortages and other __deprivations(匮乏)_ during the Civil War.9. The new economic policies could prove ___suicidal(自我毁灭)__ for the party.10. The building will be completed around six months earlier than ____anticipated(预料的)__.11. The experience was enough to keep him ____preoccupied_(心事重重)__ for some time.12. The road to happiness is paved with __adversities(逆境)__.13. She __aspires(渴望)____ to nothing no less than the chairmanship of the company.14. He might be influenced by ___nostalgia(思乡情)__ for the surroundings of his happy youth.15. In ___retrospect(回顾)_, I wish that I had thought about alternative courses of action.Task31. Watching your baby being born is __a mind-blowing experience___ (极其令人兴奋的经历).2. There is _built-in storage space__ (内置储藏空间) in all bedrooms.3. This handout focuses on ___self-protection measures__ (自我保护措施) under difficult climatic conditions.4. I’m sure we could offer you some ___short-term employment__ (短期的工作).5. So, how is it that we all, or at least many of us, have such a ___distorted and negative self-perception__ (歪曲的、否定的自我观念)?6. Helen Hunt stars as a character undergoing _life-changing events_ (改变了生活的事件) in Then She Found Me.7. She has written a book that is beautiful because of the honesty and the raw emotion that is portrayed in __all-encompassing details__ (无所不包的细节).8. Having a decent job contributes to ___a good self-image__ (一个好的自我形象).Unit 6Task11. Slavery was abolished(废除)in the United States in the 19th century. (Ended)2. I’ll never be unfaithful again. I give you my solemn(严肃的)word. (Serious)3. Do they observe Christmas Day in that country? (Celebrate)4. Nothing will stop them in their quest for truth. (Search)5. Management has given a pledge(保证)that there will be no job losses this year. (Promise)6. These monuments are a vital part of the culture heritage(继承)of South America. (Inheritance)7. Signing this form commits you to buying the goods. (Obligates)(使。
大连理工大学《高级综合商务英语(2)》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷

2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷1、---I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.---I think so. He _____ for it months.A.is preparing B.has been preparing C.was preparing D.had been preparing2、When the organization ______ in March, 2019, there was almost no money in the bankand more than $1 million of debt.A.folded B.boomed C.registered D.sprang3、---He was satisfied with the result, wasn't he?---No. It was so difficult that he __________have passed it.A.shouldn't B.mustn'tC.couldn' t D.wouldn't4、If we use the new recycling method, a large number of trees .A.are saved B.will save C.will be saved D.have saved5、Dimash appeared on the stage of Singer 2017,his voice instantly won hearts ofChinese audience.A.As long as B.As soon as C.Now that D.Ever since6、Most spending that results in debt is like a drug: a quick hit of pleasure that ______, onlyto drag you down for years to come.A.takes off B.wears off C.sets off D.shows off7、The teacher spoke so fast that it was hard for the students to ______ what he was saying. A.take in B.take off C.take on D.take after8、Many people fall into panic due to the earthquake and tsunami in Japan but experts don’texpect this to be ________ as proper measures have been taken.9、Allen followed his customer across the yard and stood on the step of the house, two shopping bags.A.lifted B.having lifted C.to lift D.lifting10、-You know, people have different opinions about the construction of the project.-We welcome any comments from them, favorable or _______.A.so B.otherwiseC.else D.rather第二部分阅读理解(满分20分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
浙江大学《新编大学英语综合教程(2)》(第3版)(课文精解Unit8)【圣才出品】

浙江⼤学《新编⼤学英语综合教程(2)》(第3版)(课⽂精解Unit8)【圣才出品】⼆、课⽂精解Part2.Reading-Centered ActivitiesIn-Class Reading1.A study in the Wall Street Journal found that70percent of the public live from paycheck to paycheck.live from paycheck to paycheck原意为“⽉光族”,此处表⽰“勉强度⽇”。
2.…millions of people lost billions of dollars,on paper anyway.on paper此处意为“理论上”。
例:Although it may look easy on paper,it isn’t in practice.事情从理论上看起来容易,⽽实践起来却很困难。
3.We are a people consumed by financial stress.consume原意为“消费,消耗”,此处表⽰深受经济压⼒的“折磨”。
4.As the Bible tells us,worrying about money—or anything else for that matter—won’t do us any good.for that matter就此⽽⾔;⾄于那个;说到那⼀点。
例:How did it become normal,or for that matter even acceptable,to refer to medical patients as“consumers”?将患者当成“消费者”这种提法是如何变成正常的事情,或者甚⾄为⼤众所接受?do sb.good=be good for,意为“帮助某⼈;对某⼈有益”。
例:That fellow is too sure of himself;it would do him good to be taken down a little.那个⼈太⾃信了,打掉他的傲⽓对他是会有好处的。
σ1
MECME is shown in the dataset, where half of the missing data destroy the augmented complete
complete multivariate normal data. Proceedings of the Statistical computing Section of the American Statistical Association, 83-88. 18. Wilks, S. S. (1932). Moments and distributions of estimates of population parameters from
normal monotone ignorable missing data. Journal of Multivariate Analysis, 46, 198-206.
9. Liu, C. (1998). Information matrix computation from conditional information via normal approximation. To appear in Biometrika.
7. Little, R. J. A. and Rubin, D. B. (1987). Statistical Analysis with Missing Data. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
8. Liu, C. (1993). Bartlett's decomposition of the posterior distribution of the covariance for
中山大学《医学英语写作二专业》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷
2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷1、Sarah ______ change her mind, even though she knew the plan was hard to carry out. A.mustn’t B.wouldn’tC.shouldn’t D.needn’t2、It's ________ me why Alice gave up her job and got married.A.under B.above C.over D.beyond3、______ to success can’t defeat us. Instead, they can only make us stronger.A.Attempts B.BarriersC.Contributions D.Access4、—I believe it is the only solution to this problem.—That’s debatable, I think. I can five other solutions as good as that.A.come up with B.make up with C.live up with D.keep up with5、---Where is the plane?I can't see it.---It went off its ________________ to keep away from the sudden storm.A.course B.roadC.flight D.direction6、Having battled with their _______ over whether to offer help to an aged man or womanwho has fallen over, most people choose to help.A.compromise B.contradictionC.conscience D.competence7、This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, ________.A.however much it may cost B.no matter how it may costC.how much may it cost D.however many it may cost8、He has no idea what the book is about.He have read it very carefully.A.needn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.mustn’t9、Interest is as ________ to learning as the ability to understand,even more so.A.vital B.availableC.specific D.similar10、— Can you tell me something about _________ science.— OK. _ Nobel Prize in Chemistry is usually awarded to Americans.A.the; The B./; The C.a; / D.the; /第二部分阅读理解(满分20分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
生活质量指标简述
370
這份報告每個章節的開始都提出了兩個問題:為什麼這是重要 的?我們應該如何進行?每個版面只表述一個數據範疇,清晰明瞭, 容易閱讀。 英國政府列舉了分別屬於3大類別的15個質量指標: (/indicators/headline/index.htm)
365
Documenting the Urban Health Situation
366
MORI Market Opinion and Research International Hatter Gilby
367
Cummins
Calvert-Henderson / qualitative sub-samples sub-population Calvert-Henderson SIG1, Special Interest Group quantitative
369
•性別相關發展指數 (GDI, Gender-related Development Index) =23/144,0.898 •女性行政和管理人員 (%) =53位,25.7% •女性專業和技術人士 (%) =68位,39.8% •女性收入與男性收入比率=70位,0.56 新西蘭生活質量指標項目 (2003) 列舉出56個主要指標,隸屬於生 活質量的11個主要領域 () : •人 (人口統計) •知識和技能 (教育) •生活標準 •經濟發展 •住房 •健康 •自然環境 •建築環境 •安全感 •社會關聯性 •公民權和政治權利 南澳洲企業願景2010有限公司 South Australian Business Vision 2010 Inc. 在2004年提出了生活質量指標的10個主要領域,包括: •積極進取的社群 •經濟繁榮和經濟增長 •穩定具彈性增減的勞動力 •生活質量 •健康 •參與度 •刑事司法 •房屋貸款的承受能力 •人口 •環境
SPSS金融分析软件 习题及答案
第 3 周习题:转置、生产序列号
1、对于下表中的数据,请你采用 SPSS 的 Transpose 和 Compute 功能计算拉斯贝 尔产量指数、派许价格指数和总指数,计算公式分别为:
Kq
q p q p
1 0
0 0
;
Kp
q p q p
1
1 1 0
;K
q p q p
0
1 1 0
COMPUTE k = q1p1 / q0p0 . EXECUTE . 2、请你打开 SPSS 自带的数据文件“voter . sav” ,先对文件中的年龄(age)从
小到大排序(Sort cases) ,然后采用 SPSS 的某项功能(说明是哪一项?)生成 一列序号变量,变量名为“id” ,变量名标签为“选民的序号” ,最后填写下表中 相应 id 号(采用 go to case 功能定位)的选民信息: id pres92 age agecat educ degree sex 55 Clinton 29 lt 35 13 high school female 109 Clinton 47 45 - 64 16 bachelor male 239 Perot 83 65 + 12 high school female 1211 Clinton 74 65 + 12 high school female 1485 Bush 73 65 + 12 high school male 1778 Perot 43 35 - 44 16 bachelor female 说 明 : 生 成 一 列 序 号 变 量 , 采 用 SPSS 菜 单 ___Data_____ 下 的 __define datas_______,选择其中的___days_______或___years_______。
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一元线性回归分析的SAS程序:
Data new01;
Input x y@@;
Cards;
0.49 0.036 0.59 0.05 0.61 0.049 0.66
0.83 0.064 0.83 0.068 0.94 0.068 1.03
;
Prog reg;
Model y = x;
Run;
相关分析的SAS程序:
data new;
input x y@@;
cards;
0.49 0.036 0.59 0.05 0.61 0.049 0.66
0.83 0.064 0.83 0.068 0.94 0.068 1.03
;
proc corr;
run;
多元线性回归分析的SAS程序:
data new;
input x1 x2 x3 y;
cards;
0.4 53 158 64
... ...
29.9 51 124 99
;
proc reg;
model y = x1 x2 x3;
run;
广义线性模型GLM求解多项式y=a+bx
2+cx3+dx4
的SAS程序:
data new;
input x y@@;
cards;
0 5.7 5 43.7 10 76.7 ... ...
;
proc glm;
model y = x*x x*x*x x*x*x*x;
run;
(注:GLM过程会首先列出广义线性模型分析表(类似方差分析表),然后再给出对各个参
数的估计。)
利用一元线性回归REG求解多项式y=a+bx
2+cx3+dx4
的SAS程序:
data new;
input x y@@;
x1 = x*x;
x2 = x*x*x;
x3 = x*x*x*x;
cards;
0 5.7 5 43.7 10 76.7 ... ...
;
proc reg;
model y = x1 x2 x3;
run;
利用Bayes判别分析待检样品的归属的SAS程序:
data new01;
input group$ x1 - x3;
cards;
2 0.045 0.043 0.0265
2 0.066 0.039 0.264
... ...
1 0.205 0.068 0.284
2 0.088 0.058 0.215
. 0.101 0.052 0.181
. 0.045 0.005 0.122
;
proc discrim data = new01 pool = no distance list;
class group;
priors ‘1’ = 0.286 ‘2’=0.428 ‘3’=0.286;
var x1 – x3;
run;
(注:
pool = no 三个总体的协差阵不等
priors 先验概率(根据各组已经确定的成员数除以总数求得,例如本例中有14个已知样品
点,其中划入1和3组的分别有4个,剩下6个划入2组,所以得到以上数值0.286、0.286、
0.428),其中的‘1’可用字母A或a代替,且字母不用加‘’号
最后两行没有分类,是待检样品的数据,用.(句点)编号)
利用类平均法进行聚类分析的SAS程序:
data new02;
input group$ x1 x2;
cards;
济南 2298 8182
„„
临沂 3692 8789
;
proc cluster data = new02 method = ave std pseudo ccc outtree = b1;
var x1 x2;
id group;
proc tree data = b1 horizontal graphics;
run;
注:horizontal 水平作图
对某个树种的5项指标进行主成分分析的SAS程序:
data new01;
input x1 – x5;
8.7 5.8 4.8 2.7 2.9
... ...
48 44 46 3.5 8.6
;
proc princomp data = new01 prefix = z out = b27;
var x1 – x5;
run;
proc print data = b27;
var z1 z2 x1 – x5;
run;
注:prefix = z 主成分的名称前缀是z
则最后得出的主成分为 z1= 0.498x1+0.502x2+... ...; z2= ... ...;
Logistic模型:
y = k / (1+ae-bx)
一般可以更加动态测定的某一形态指标数据,求出参数项k,a,b, 即可求出相应Logistic模型。
利用SAS求解Logistic模型参数的方法:
data new;
input x y@@;
cards;
0 5.7 5 43.7 10 76.7 15 ... ...
;
proc nlin data = one best = 10 method = marquardt;
parms k = 450 to 500 by 10 a= 10 to 20 by 2 b = 0.01 to 0.5 by 0.1;
model y = k / (1 + a* exp(-b * x));
der. k = 1 / (1 + a* exp(-b * x));
der. a = k * exp(-b * x) / (1 + a * exp(-b * x)) / (1 + a * exp(-b * x));
der. b = -k * a* exp(-b * x) * x / (1 + a * exp(-b * x)) / (1 + a * exp(-b * x));
run;
注: nlin 非线性
best = 10 仅输出初值可能组合中最好的10组的残差平方和
method = marquardt 选择方法(其他可选项为 gauss, gradient, newton, dud)
parms ... 对应参数初值的不同组合
model 给出模型
der. 对各参数求一阶偏导数或二阶偏导数(newton法)
注意:最终求出的结果中包含一个(类似形式的)方差分析表,其中的residual(剩余误差)
项和corrected total(修正总误差)项对应的sum of squares(平方和)的数值有用,可用来
求出拟合优度R2 = 1- residual的平方和/corrected total的平方和,一般R2大于0.9以上说明
拟合较好。
运用SAS程序求解幂(发音mi)函数模型:y = ax
b
对上述模型做线性变换,两边求对数得到:ln y = ln a + b ln x
另 y’ = ln y, a’ = ln a, x’ = ln x, 于是得到新的线性模型形式:
y’ = a’ + b x’
因此可利用一元线性回归求解。具体的SAS程序为:
data new;
input x y@@;
xp = log(x);
yp = log(y);
cards;
10 92 38 32 ... ...
;
proc reg;
model yp = xp;
run;
注:求解出的参数a’, b. 然后参数b直接应用,而a’则要换算为a,即a = ea’, 将a,b代入
幂函数模型即可。
启示:有些看似复杂的模型可以设法转化为线性模型,求出“中间参数”,然后换算成目的
参数即可。