初中英语语法知识—祈使句的技巧及练习题附解析(3)
一、选择题
1．—Nick, __________ the door when you leave the classroom.
—All right. I will.
A．to close B．closing C．closed D．close
2．Don’t ________ your glass too _______.
A．fill; full B．fill; filled C．full; full D．full; filled
3．Get up early, _____ you’ll be late for class.
A．so B．or C．and D．but
4．—Hurry up, you will miss the first train of Beijing S2!
—OK. I can't wait to see the Great Wall.
A．or B．so C．and D．But
5．Let’s _____TV.
That _____boring. Can we go out to play games?
A．watching,sounds B．watch,sound C．watching,sound D．watch,sounds 6．Take more exercise, you will be healthier.
A．but B．or C．and
7．Come on, ______you'll be late.
A．and B．but C．or D．so
8．Hurry up, _________ you will be late for class.
A．and B．or C．but D．so
9．Let’s ____________ volleyball. That _________ good.
A．playing, is B．playing, sounds C．play, sounds D．play, is sound 10．“_______ exercise every day, my child. It’s good for your health,” Father said.
A．Taking B．Took C．Take D．Takes 11．Don’t _______ about his English .He is studying hard at it.
A．be worried B．be worry C．be worrying D．to worry 12．good care of yourself when you are alone, or your parents will worry about you. A．Taking B．To take C．Taken D．Take
13．— Daniel, _________ be late for school again!
— Sorry, Mrs. Lin. I won’t.
A．doesn’t B．don’t C．isn’t D．won’t
14．Your future is whatever you make it, so ________it a good one.
A．to make B．making C．made D．make
15．________an icon at the bottom of the page then ______, and you will get more information about the city.
A．Picking, click it on B．Picking; click on it C．Pick; click it on D．Pick; click on it 16．—Don’t wake up your sister, Ben. She needs a good sleep. — ___________ .
A．OK, I don’t.B．Yes, I do.
C．OK, I won’t.D．Yes, I will.
17．________ hard, and you will be ________.
A．To study; best B．Study; best C．Studying; the best D．Study; the best 18．Don't be late for school again, _________?
A．do you B．don't you C．won't you D．will you 19．Study hard, ________you ________pass the exam.
A．and, won’t B．or, will C．or, / D．and, will 20．Tom, please. I am afraid it will take you one more hour your homework.
A．be quick; finish B．is quick; finishing C．be quick; to finish D．be quickly; to finish 21．Practice more, _______ you’ll learn English better.
A．or B．so C．and D．but
22．—I am feeling ill. What should I do?
— eating junk food and breakfast every day.
A．Stop; having B．Stop; have C．To stop; have. D．To stop; to have 23．_____away from the river,young kids.It’s too dangerous.
A．Stays B．Staying C．To stay D．Stay
24．Please______the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.
A．puts B．put C．putting D．to put
25．________to guess the word’s meaning by reading the sentences before or after it.
A．Try B．To try C．Trying D．Tried
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——Nick，你离开教室的时候要关好门。——好的，我会的。
考查祈使句。to close动词不定式；closing动名词或分词；closed动词过去式或分词；close 动词原形。结合语境，本句表达的是命令，用祈使句，祈使句肯定表达为动词原形开头。故选D。
2．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：不要把你的杯子倒得太满。考查动词和形容词辨析。fill填充，动词；full满的，形容词。本句是否定祈使句，前空需用动词，full是形容词，可排除CD两项。后句too （太）是形容词，修饰形容词或副词。根据句意语境，可知选A。
3．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：早点起床，否则你就要上课迟到了。
本题考查的是连词辨析，A. so所以；B. or否则；C. and并且；D. but但是，根据句型“祈使句and/or+一般将来时”，当用and时，表示递进关系；用or时，表示的是转折关系，否则；根据语境可知，表示的是转折关系，应该用否则，故答案选B。
4．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——快点，否则你会错过北京S2次列车的第一班！——好的。我等不及要看长城了。
考查连词辨析和祈使句。A. or或者； B. so因此，所以； C. and和，而且，那么；D. but但是。（1）“祈使句，and +一般将来时的陈述句”：在这里祈使句相当于if 引导的条件状语从句（但此时去掉and），and后简单句一般是表示好的结果。（2）“祈使句，or+一般将来时的陈述句”：在这里祈使句相当于if…not或unless 引导的条件状语从句（但此时去掉or），or后简单句一般是表不理想的结果。例如，（1）Give me one more hour, and I’ll get the work finished.（祈使句）=If you give me one more hour, I’ll get the work finished.（if条件句）（2）Listen to the teacher carefully in class, or you can’t catch what he is saying.=If don’t listen to the teacher carefully in class, you can’t catch what he is saying.；结合句意可知填or；选A。
5．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：--让我们看电视吧。--那听起来很无聊。我们出去玩游戏行吗？
考查动词辨析。 watching,动名词或现在分词形式；sounds听起来，单数第三人称形式；watch,动词原形，sound听起来，动词原形；根据：让某人干某事let sb do sth ；排除AC；that第三人称单数，连系动词sound需加s，排除B。D项符合句意，故应选D。6．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：多锻炼，那么你将会更健康。
考查连词的用法。A.但是，表示转折。B.或者，表示选择。C.而、又、和，既可以表示并列也可以表示递进。因题干前半句和后半句是递进关系，故选C。
7．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
连词的用法句意为“快点，否则你将迟到了。”or表示转折；and和，but但是，or否则，so因此；根据句意故选C。
8．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：快点，否定你将会上学迟到。
考查祈使句。“祈使句，and +一般将来时的陈述句”：在这里祈使句相当于if 引导的条件状语从句（但此时去掉and），and后简单句一般是表示好的结果。“祈使句，or+一般将来时的陈述句”：在这里祈使句相当于if…not或unless 引导的条件状语从句（但此时去掉or），or后简单句一般是表不理想的结果。例如，（1）Give me one more hour, and I’ll get the work finished.（祈使句）=If you give me one more hour, I’ll get the work finished.（if条件句）（2）Listen to the teacher carefully in class, or you can’t catch what he is saying.=If don’t listen to the teacher carefully in class, you can’t catch what he is saying.结合句意可知填or；选B
9．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
句意: 让我们打排球吧，听起来不错。
play玩；sound听起来。根据“Let's”可知这里let's do sth表示让我们做某事，后面跟动词原形，good是一个形容词，前面用系动词，句子叙述一件事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是单数，用第三人称单数形式,故选C。
10．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：“我的孩子，每天锻炼身体。这对你的健康有好处，”父亲说。
考查祈使句。根据句意理解，这是一个祈使句。英语中祈使句是用来表示请求，命令或劝告的句子，是以动词原形开头的句子，所以本句应该是动词原形开头，故选C。
11．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：不要担心他的英语。他正在努力学习它。
考查动词短语。A. be worried担忧、担心；B. be worry构不成任何形式，故错误；C.be worrying正担心；D. to worry动词不定式，担心。根据句式可知，本句为祈使句的否定句，空处应为动词原形，故排除D；be worried about…表示对……担心，忧虑，故选A。12．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：当你一个人的时候照顾好你自己，否则你的父母会为你担心的。Taking动名词；To take动词不定式；Taken过去分词；Take动词原形。这句话使用的句型是祈使句+or+简单句，故用动词原形开头，选D。
13．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——丹尼尔，上学不要再迟到了！——对不起林老师。我不会了。
考查祈使句。doesn’t现在时三单形式的助动词；don’t 现在时动词原形助动词；isn’t不是；won’t将不会。根据句意及句子结构可知，这里是一个祈使句，应该以动词原形开头，而且表达否定的意思，应在句首加don’t，故选B。
【点睛】
英语中祈使句是以动词原形开头的句子，而否定形式则是以don’t开头的句子，记住结构，做题就很容易。
14．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：未来靠你自己创造。因此，给自己一个美好的未来吧。
考查祈使句，to make动词不定式；making现在分词；made过去式；make动词原形。分析句子结构：so连接两个表因果的句子，且so后的句子没有主语和谓语。而祈使句是动词原形开头，省略逻辑上的主语you。故选D。
15．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：在页面底部选择一个图标，然后单击它，你会得到更多关于这个城市的信息。
考查祈使句和动词短语。Picking挑选，现在分词或者动名词结构；Pick挑选，动词原形；click on点击；根据句意理解可知，第一空是祈使句，应该以动词原形开头，所以排除A/ B 选项；而这里的click on是属于“动词+介词”的短语，所以人称代词宾格it要放在后面，不可以放在中间，故选D。
16．C
解析：C
【解析】
句意：——本，不要喊醒你的妹妹。她需要好好睡一觉。——好的，我不会的。对于祈使句的回答，肯定形式用I will. 否定回答用I won’t.故选C。
17．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：努力学习，你将会成为最棒的。
考查祈使句和最高级。题干前半句表建议，省略了主语“you”是一个动词原形开头的祈使句；题干后半段缺形容词作表语，best最棒的，是good的最高级形式，使用时前面必须加上the，故选D。
【点睛】
best可以是good的最高级，也可以是well的最高级。当best是good的最高级时，前面必须加the使用，如You will be the best. 但是当best是well的最高级时，副词前的the常被省略，如Linda sings best. 所以同学们在选择时一定要先判断好best在题目中到底是形容词还是副词，这样做题才能不掉入陷阱。
18．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：上学不要在迟到了，好吗？
考查祈使句及反意疑问句。这是一个含有祈使句的反意疑问句，应该遵循的原则为“前肯后否，前否后肯”，本题中陈述部分“Don't be late for school again”为否定的祈使句，则反意疑问句部分只能用肯定式will you。故选D。
【点睛】
拓展：祈使句的反意疑问句。（1）Let’s+动词原形，用shall we（2）Let us+动词原形，用will you（3）否定的祈使句，用will you（4）祈使句表邀请时，用won’t you或will you 19．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：努力学习，你会通过考试的。
本题考查并列连词。and而且，or否则。结合句意，“努力学习，然后会通过考试”，或者是“努力学习，否则你无法通过考试”，因此用and ,will或or,won’t，故选D。
20．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：汤姆，请快一点儿，恐怕你的作业要花你一个多小时的时间。
考查祈使句用法以及固定搭配。be quick快点；is quick迅速的；be quickly讯速地；finish 结束，原形；finishing现在分词；to finish不定式。含有be动词的祈使句的结构一般是be 动词（原形）+形容词/名词，B和D错误；句型It takes sb. to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间，“做某事”需要用不定式连接起来。故选C。
【点睛】
花费某人……做某事的表达：1. It takes sb. to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间；2.sth.
cost(sb.)+金钱某物花了某人多少钱3.人+spend+time/money on sth./(in)doing sth.在……上花费了时间（金钱）；4.pay (sb.)money for sth.付钱（给某人）买……。本题考查第一种表达。21．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：多加练习，英语你就会学得更好。
考查连词辨析。or或者，否则，表示选择关系；so因此，表示因果关系；and和，并且，表示并列或者顺接关系；but但是，表示转折关系。根据上下文语境可知上下文之间是顺接关系，故选C。
22．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——我感觉生病了。我该做什么？——停止吃快餐并且每天吃早餐。
考查祈使句。根据句意可知第二句为祈使句，动词原形开头。stop doing sth停止做某事；have breakfast 吃早饭。此处stop和have是并列的动词，用连词and连接。故选B。23．D
解析：D
【解析】句意：孩子们，远离河流，太危险了。此句是祈使句，应以动词原形开头，故答案为D。
24．B
解析：B
【解析】
句意：请根据标志牌将垃圾放入不同的垃圾箱中。祈使句以动词原形开头，故答案为B。25．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：尽力通过阅读它的前后句来猜测单词的意思。
考查动词。try尝试；to try去尝试，try的动词不定式形式；trying尝试，try的ing形式；tred尝试，try的过去式。根据语境可知，本句是个祈使句。结合try to do sth尽力做某事，试图做某事。符合题意。故选A。
【点睛】
区别：try to do sth尽力做某事，试图做某事。例如：Peng Meng,tried to steal the medicine when Hou Yi was not home.当后羿不在家的时候，庞蒙试图偷取仙药。He asked us to try to learn English well yesterday.昨天他要求我们尽力把英语学好。try doing sth尝试做某事。例如： I try drinking the hot water.我试着喝这些热水。
初中英语语法大全——名词
初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分；有其所有格形式；在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词，而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。
二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词；不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中，可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词，不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念，不能用具体的数字来表示，视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物，因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰，一般也视为不可数名词。
eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:
人教版初中英语初中英语语法之一名词(通用版)
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(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案
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最新初中英语语法知识—祈使句的综合训练
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初中英语语法名词篇
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labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange； 不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式：
初中英语语法专项练习题之名词
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《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—祈使句的难题汇编及答案
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初中英语语法知识—祈使句的专项训练及解析答案
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名词（一） 一、名词的概念：在我们身边存在着形形色色的人和事物，它们都有自己的称呼，我们用来称呼它们的词就是名词，概括来说表示人、事物、地方、现象等的名称的词都叫名词。 二、名词的分类： 1．专有名词：它的第一个字母通常大写。 a. 人名、地名、国名等例如：Lucy, Shanghai, China b.组织、团体、机构等例如: the United Nations c.语言、星期、月份等例如：English, Friday, March (注意介词in/on/at的用法) 注意：国家与人的对应 China----- Chinese America---- American(s) Australia---- Australian(s) Canada---- Canadian(s) Japan---- Japanese Germany---- German(s) France----Frenchman(Frenchmen) GB----Englishman(Englishmen) 2．普通名词： （1）不可数名词：不可以直接以数字计算的名词。例如：snow, air, water, rice, paper, work, news(新闻)，food, rain, weather, juice, milk, meat, money ，English, fruit , information … 不可数名词要表示具体数量，必须借助of短语。如不能说one bread，但是可以说one piece of bread和two pieces of bread。 只能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语： little很少的（表示否定）；a little一些（表示肯定），much（许多），how much （多少），a bit of（一些） 既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语：some(一些，用于肯定句), any（一些，用于否定和疑问句）a lot of (许多), lots of(许多) ★不可数名词量的表示方法：计量词+of 例如：a piece of news a cup of tea a piece of bread two pieces of news two cups of tea two pieces of bread 注意：a bag of apples
初中英语语法专项名词
初中英语语法专项名词（讲义） 一、名词（n.）表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词 （一）名词的分类 名词分为普通名词和专有名词,其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。可数名词包括个体名词（表示一类人或物的个体。如：boy,desk,cat,window）和集体名词（由若干个体组成的集合体。如：family,class,police）。不可数名词包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的实物。如：water,paper,silk,money）和抽象名词（表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。如：work,happiness,music,difficulty,housework）专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如：Tom,the Great Wall,the Spring Festival,France,the United States）（二）名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种： （1）一般情况下,在词尾加s. ,dog--dogs,pen--pens,boy--boys （2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词名词变复数时,要在词尾加es. ,brush-brushes,bus-buses,box-boxes（es读音为〔iz〕 （3）以"辅音字母＋y"结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加e , family--families, （注：以"元音字母+y"结尾的词，直接在词尾加） （4）以元音字母o结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下： ①加,potato-potatoes ②结尾是两个元音字母的加s,,radio--radios ③某些外来词变复数时词尾加s,eg. piano-pianos ④一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s, （photograph）--photos,kilo （kilogram）kilos ⑤zero变复数时，既可加s,也可加／zeroes （5）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,先把f或fe变为v,再加es. ,leaf-leaves,half--halves, knife-knives,thief--thieves（res读音为[vz]妻子骑牛拿起刀, wife--wives; calf---calves; knife----knives; 追得贼狼满街跑, thief---thieves; wolf----wolves 碰倒架子丧己命, shelf---shelves; self---selves; life----lives 手帕树叶半空飘. leaf----leaves half----halves （6）有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es,而是变换其中的字母。,woman--women,policeman--policemen, Englishman--Englishmen,Frenchman--Frenchmen, foot--feet, tooth--teeth, child--children,mouse-mice,Ox-Oxen（公牛） （7）还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。 ,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish works （8）另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。eg,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes 另外,①当一个名词作定语修饰另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。 apple tree,five apple trees, a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister 但是，当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。 men teachers,three women doctors ②可用"量词+of+名词复数"这一结构表示可数名词的数量。 room Of students,two boxes Of pencils