2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(23)
高考英语阅读理解课堂练学案（5）
高考英语阅读理解课堂练学案（5）2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（5）Passage Eleven (Superconducting Materials)The stone age, The Iron Age. Entire epochs have been named for materials. So what to call the decades ahead? The choice will be tough. Welcome to the age of superstuff. Material science -- once the least sexy technology –is bursting with new, practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics. But superconductors are just part of the picture: from house and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth, the world will someday be made of different stuff. Exotic plastics, glass and ceramics will shape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science.Th e key to the new materials is researchers’ increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level. Ceramics, for example, have long been limited by their brittleness. But by minimizing the microscopic imperfections that cause it, scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and heat resistance. Ford Motor Co. now uses ceramic tools to cut steel.A firm called Kyocera has created a line of ceramic scissors and knives that stay sharp for years and never rust or corrode.A similar transformation has overtaken plastics. High-strength polymers now form bridges, ice-skating rinks and helicopter rotors. And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used in electric guitars, touch sensors for robot hands and karate jackets that automatically record each punch and chop. Even plastic litter, which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape, has proved amenable tomolecular tinkering. Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms; some plastic six-pack rings for example, gradually decompose when exposed to sunlight. Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass. Besides, composites –plastic reinforced with fibers of graphite or other compounds –made the round-the-world flight of the voyager possible and have even been proved i n combat: a helmet saved an infantryman’s life by deflecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion.Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cable that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.But new materials have no impact until they are made into products. And that transition could prove difficult, for switching requires lengthy research and investment. It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the success or failure of a country in the near future.1.How many new materials are mentioned in this passage?[A] TwoThree[C] Four[D] Five2.Why does the author mention genetic engineering and computer science?[A] To compare them with the new materials.To show the significance of the new materials on the future world.[C] To compare the new materials to them.[D] To explain his view point.3.Why is transition difficult?[A] Because transition requires money and time.Because many manufacturers are unwilling to change their equipment.[C] Because research on new materials is very difficult.[D]Because it takes 10 years.4.Where lies success of a country in the New Age of superstuff?[A] It lies in research.It lies in investment.[C] It lies in innovation.[D] It lies in application.Vocabulary1.superstuff 超级材料2.superconducting ceramic 超导陶瓷3.exotic 神奇的4.shape 塑造，成型5.brittleness 脆性6.polymer 聚合体7.karate jacket 空手道外衣8.touch sensor 触及传感器9.each punch and chop 每一个击、打10.blot 玷污，损害风景的东西11.tinker 修补，调整12.amendable 服从于，遵循的13.biodegradable 能生物递减分解的14.six-pack rings 放六个罐子的环状物15.decompose 分解16.recyclable 可循环（使用的）17.infantryman 步兵18.deflect 使偏斜，使转向19.a new twist 一个新的观点，方法难句译注1.Material science –once the least sexy technology –is bursting with new, practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics.【参考译文】材料科学，一度曾是最无吸引力（最不起眼）的技术，正以崭新的，以超导陶瓷为首的种种实用性发明绽开新颜。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(12)教案
2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（12）Passage Eleven (The Affect of Electricity on Cancer)Can electricity cause cancer? In a society that literally runs on electric power, the very idea seemspreposterous. But for more than a decade, a growing band of scientists and journalists has pointedto studies that seem to link exposure to electromagnetic fields with increased risk ofleukemia and other malignancies. The implications are unsettling, to say the least, since everyonees into contact with such fields, which are generated by everything electrical, from power linesand antennas to personal puters and micro-wave ovens. Because evidence on the subject isinconclusive and often contradictory, it has been hard to decide whether concern about the healtheffects of electricity is legitimate — or the worst kind of paranoia.Now the alarmists have gained some qualified support from the U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency. In the executive summary of a new scientific review, released in draft form late last week,the EPA has put forward what amounts to the most serious government warning to date. Theagency tentatively concludes that scientific evidence“ suggests a casual link” between ext low-frequency electromagnetic fields — those having very longwave-lengths — and leukemia,lymphoma and brain cancer, While the report falls short of classifying ELF fields as probablecarcinogens, it does identify the mon 60- hertz magnetic field as“ a possible, but not proven, causeof cancer in humans.”The report is no reason to panic — or even to lost sleep. If there is a cancer risk, it is a small one.The evidence is still so controversial that the draft stirred a great deal of debate within the BushAdministration, and the EPA released it over strong objections from the Pentagon and the WhitHouse. But now no one can deny that the issue must be taken seriously and that much moreresearch is needed.At the heart of the debate is a simple and well-understood physical phenomenon: When an electriccurrent passes through a wire, tit generates an electromagnetic field that exerts forces onsurrounding objects, For many years, scientists dismissed any suggestion that such forces might beharmful, primarily because they are so extraordinarily weak. The ELF magnetic field generated bya video terminal measures only a few milligauss, or about one-hundredth the strength of theearth ’owns magnetic field, The electric fields surrounding a power line can be as high as 10kilovolts per meter, but the corresponding field induced in human cells will be only about 1millivolt per meter. This is far less than the electric fields that the cells themselves generate.How could such minuscule forces pose a health danger? The consensus used to be that they couldnot, and for decades scientists concentrated on more powerful kinds of radiation, like X-rays, thatpack sufficient wallop to knock electrons out of the molecules that make up the human body. Such“ ionizing” radiations have been clearly linked to increased cancer risks and there are regulationscontrol emissions.But epidemiological studies, which find statistical associations between sets of data, do not provecause and effect. Though there is a body of laboratory work showing that exposure to ELF fieldscan have biological effects on animal tissues, a mechanism by which those effects could lead tocancerous growths has never been found.The Pentagon is for from persuaded. In a blistering 33-page critique of the EPA report, Air Forcescientists charge its authors with having “ biased the entire document ” toward proving a link. reviewers are convinced that there is no suggestion that (electromagnetic fields) present in theenvironment induce or promote cancer,” the Air Force concludes.“ It is astonishing that the EPA would lend its imprim atur on this report. ” Then Pentagon ’ s concern is understandable. There is hardly a unit ofthe modern military that does not depend on the heavy use of some kind ofelectronic equipment, from huge ground-based radar towers to the defense systems built into everywarship and plane.1.The main idea of this passage is[A]. studies on the cause of cancer. controversial view-points in the cause of cancer[C].the relationship between electricity and cancer.[D].different ideas about the effect of electricity on caner.2.The view-point of the EPA is[A].there is casual link between electricity and cancer.. electricity really affects cancer.[C].controversial.[D].low frequency electromagnetic field is a possible cause of cancer3.Why did the Pentagon and Whit House object to the release of the report? Because[A]. it may stir a great deal of debate among the Bush Administration.. every unit of the modern military has depended on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipment.[C]. the Pentagon concern’s was understandable.[D]. they had different arguments.4.It can be inferred from physical phenomenon[A]. the force of the electromagnetic field is too weak to be harmful.. the force of the electromagnetic field is weaker than the electric field that the cells generate.[C].electromagnetic field may affect health.[D].only more powerful radiation can knock electron out of human body.5.What do you think ordinary citizens may do after reading the different arguments?[A].They are indifferent.. They are worried very much.[C]. The may exercise prudent avoidance.[C]. They are shocked.Vocabulary1.preposterous失常的，十分荒唐的，乖戾的2.leukemia白血病3.malignancy恶性肿瘤4.legitimate合法的，合理的5.paranoia偏执狂，妄图狂。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(17)教案
2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（17）Passage Twelve (Religion and Rationality)Yet the difference in tome and language must strike us, so soon as it is philosophy that speaks: that change should remind us that even if the function of religion and that of reason coincide, this function is performed in the two cases by very different organs. Religions are many, reason one. Religion consists of conscious ideas, hopes, enthusiasms, and objects of worship; it operates by grace and flourishes by prayer. Reason, on the other hand, is a mere principle or potential order,on which indeed we may e to reflect but which exists in us ideally only, without variation or stress of any kind. We conform or do not conform to it; it does not urge or chide us, not call for any emotions on our part other than those naturally aroused by the various objects which it unfolds in their true nature and proportion. Religion brings some order into life by weighting it with new materials. Reason adds to the natural materials only the perfect order which it introduces into them. Rationality is nothing but a form, an ideal constitution which experience may more or less embody. Religion is a part of experience itself, a mass of sentiments and ideas. The one is an inviolate principle, the other a changing and struggling force. And yet this struggling and changing force of religion seems to direct man toward something eternal. It seems to make for an ultimate harmonywithin the soul and for an ultimate harmony between the soul and all that the soul depends upon. Religion, in its intent, is a more conscious and direct pursuit of the Life of Reason than is society, science, or art, for these approach and fill out the ideal life tentatively and piecemeal, hardly regarding the foal or caring for the ultimate justification of the instinctive aims. Religion also has an instinctive and blind side and bubbles up in all manner of chance practices and intuitions; soon, however, it feels its way toward the heart of things, and from whatever quarter it may e, veers inthe direction of the ultimate.Nevertheless, we must confess that this religious pursuit of the Life of Reason has been singularly abortive. Those within the pale of each religion may prevail upon themselves, toexpress satisfaction with its results, thanks to a fond partiality in reading the past and generous draughts of hope for the future; but any one regarding the various religions at once and paring their achievements with what reason requires, must feel how terrible is the disappointment which they have one and all prepared for mankind. Their chief anxiety has been to offer imaginaryremedies for mortal ills, some of which are incurable essentially, while others might have been really cured by well-directed effort. The Greed oracles, for instance, pretended to heal out natural ignorance, which has its appropriate though difficult cure, while the Christian vision of heaven pretended to be an antidote to our natural death— the inevitable correlate of birth and of a changing and conditioned existence. By methods of this sort little can be done for the real betterment of life. To confuse intelligence and dislocate sentiment by gratuitous fictions is ashort-sighted way of pursuing happiness. Nature is soon avenged. An unhealthy exaltation and a one-sided morality have to be followed by regrettable reactions. When these e. The real rewards of life may seem vain to a relaxed vitality, and the very name of virtue may irritate young spirits untrained in and natural excellence. Thus religion too often debauches the morality it es tosanction and impedes the science it ought to fulfill.What is the secret of this ineptitude? Why does religion, so near to rationality in its purpose, fallso short of it in its results? The answer is easy; religion pursues rationality through the imagination. When it explains events or assigns causes, it is an imaginative substitute for science. When it gives precepts, insinuates ideals, or remoulds aspiration, it is an imaginative substitute for wisdom—I mean for the deliberate and impartial pursuit of all food. The condition and the aims of life are both represented in religion poetically, but this poetry tends to arrogate to itself literal truth and moral authority, neither of which it possesses. Hence the depth and importance of religion bees intelligible no less than its contradictions and practical disasters. Its object is the same as thatof reason, but its method is to proceed by intuition and by unchecked poetical conceits.1.As used in the passage, the author would define“ wisdom” as[A].the pursuit of rationality through imagination.. an unemotional search for the truth.[C].a purposeful and unbiased quest for what is best.[D]. a short-sighted way of pursuing happiness2.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?[A]. Religion seeks the truth through imagination, reason, in its search, utilizes the emotions.. Religion has proved an ineffective tool in solving man’ s problems.[C]. Science seeks a piece meal solution to man’ s questions.[D]. The functions of philosophy and reason are the same.3.According to the author, science differs from religion in that[A]. it is unaware of ultimate goals.. it is unimaginative.[C]. its findings are exact and final.[D]. it resembles society and art.4.The author states that religion differs from rationality inthat [A]. it relies on intuition rather than reasoning .. it is not concerned with the ultimate justification of its instinctive aims.[C]. it has disappointed mankind.[D]. it has inspired mankind.5.According to the author, the pursuit of religion has proved to be[A]. imaginative.. a provider of hope for the future.[C]. a highly intellectual activity[D]. ineffectual.Vocabulary1.grace赏赐，仁爱，感动，感思祈祷2.chide责怪3.sentiment感情4.inviolate不受入侵的，贞洁的5.intent意义，含义6.piecemeal一件件，渐渐的，琐碎的7.bubble up起泡，沸腾，喜悦8.veer改变方向，转向9.abortive夭折的，失败的，中止的，流产的。
(11页Word版)高考英语分类汇编23：阅读理解(十二)
专题三阅读理解(十二)【山东省潍坊市2012届高三第一次模拟考试】【答案】56 BBCDA61 DBDAD 66 DBADC 71 ACACB【山东省烟台市2012届高三第一次模拟考试】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A|B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AJK Rowling, the Harry Potter authof, has sig ned a deal with Little, Brown and Company, to publish her first ever novel for adults, which is set to become one of the most anticipated (期望的) book in years.The deal means that Rowling’s long-standing relationship with Bloomsbury, the London-based publisher that launched (发行) the Harry Potter books, has come to an end, at 1east in terms of new works by the author.Rowling is keeping her fans guessing about the characters and plot of her new book. She only said that the new novel will be nothing like the Harry Potter series, which was sold over 30 million copies in the UK alone. She thought that with the move from children’s to adult fiction, a switch to a new publisher seemed like a natural and reasonable step.She said,“Although I’ve enjoyed writing it every bit as much, this book will be very different from the Harry Potter series. The freedom to explore a new field is a gift that Harry’s success has brought me.”Ian Rankin, the Edinburgh-based author whose highly-successful detective novels are also set in thc city. suggested Rowling’s book will be a crime novel.“Wouldn’t it be funny if JK Rowling’s first novel for adults turned out to be a crime story set in Edinburgh?”he said.Industry insiders guessed that the deal is worth more than ￡5 million and the new book is expected to come out later this year.A spokesman said,“JK Rowling’s audience is vast and her position is uniqLle. Hatry Potter books were a global success and her fans a re very loyal. Children that were eight, nine, or ten when the books first came out in the 1990s are now in their 20s. Plenty of adults, loved the books regardless of whether they had children, so the potential market for her is huge.”56. What does the text mainly tell us?A. JK Rowling has signed a deal with a new publisher.B. JK Rowling’s new book will be more successf ul than her Harry Potter series.C. JK Rowling has to switch to a new publisher in order to publish her new book.D. JK Rowling’s first book for adults will be published later this year.57. JK Rowlillg’s new book for adults .A. has been sold 30 million copies in the UK aloneB. is poorly thought of by the London-based publisher Bloomsbu ryC. has nothing in commo n with the Harry Potter seriesD. is expected to bring her more money than the Harry Potter series58. The author used Ian R ankin’s words in order to .A. tell us that some famous novelists offer to give Rowling some adviceB. show that many readers are curious about Rowling’s new bookC. tell us that many readers prefer to read detective or crime novelsD. prove that a crime story set in Edinburgh is sure to be successful59. We can leam from the text that .A. Little, Brown and Company is specialized in publishing adult booksB. the author has no doubt about the success of Rowling’s new bookC. JK Rowling will be a crime novelist as good as Ian RankinD. it was in Edinburgh that Ian Rankin got to know JK Rowling60. What the spokesman said in the last paragraph tells us that .A. JK Rowling’s fans are so loyal that they don’t care what shc will writeB. children won’t have any interest in JK Rowling’s new bookC. Rowling’s vast audience and unique position will guarantee the new book’s succcssD. only readers of Harry Potter series will be interested in Rowl ing’ s new book【答案】56-60DCBBC【山东省烟台市2012届高三第一次模拟考试】BThe koala. one of Australia’s most treasured creatures, is introuble.Affected by habitat (栖居地) loss and climate change, like manyother uniquely Australian animals, koalas are being squcezed intosmaller regions. But at present, it is a deadly disease, a somewhat silent killer that causes a further decline in the koala population, that is worrying many scientistsabout the fate of the koala.The killer is Chlamydia, which has caused symptoms in up to 50 percent of the wild koalas, with probably even more infected (感染) but not showing symptoms. It has been particularly sevcre in Queensland, where nearly all koalas are infected. The disease causes many symptoms including eye infections, which can lead to blindness, making it difficult for them to find their primay food.Treating Chlamydia in wild koalas is a challenge. There is no treatment available for it. Only a small percentage of the animals can be treated successfully and returnedto the wild. Besides, there is no national plan in Australia to save the koala；it is up to each region to make management plans for its koala population.The good news is that researchers are working to test a vaccine (疫苗) that would help prevent further spread. If all goes well, plans can be carried out to distribute the vaccil1e more widely. But it’s impossible to vaccinate all wild koalas.Another possibility would be to make vaccine distribution a routi11e part of treatment for the thousands of koalas brought into care centers every year after they are injured by cars or dogs.While it is a combination of problems that are affecting the wild koala population, many expelts believe this vaccine would be an important step in helping koalas survive longer. It may buy enough time to give researchers a chance to solve some of the other problems facing Australia’s koalas.61. Which isn’t considered the main cause of koa1a’s population decline?A. A deadly disease.B. Injuries from cars and dogs.C. Climate change.D. Habitat loss.62. The third paragraph mainly tells us .A. the serious result Chlamydia has caused to the koalaB. Chlamydia affected the koala only in particular regionsC. the most serious symptom of Chlamydia is eye infectionsD. Chla1nydia can seriously affect koala’s primary food63. The underlined word“it”in the fourth paragraph probably refers to .A. the koalaB. ChlamydiaC. national planD. eye infection64. We can learn from the text that the vaccine .A. would cure the killer Chlamydia quite effectivelyB. would only be distributed in koala care centersC. has already been put into practical use in AustraliaD. cannot be distributed to all the infected koalas65. It can be inferred from the text that .A. a national plan for saving koalas will be made soon in AustraliaB. koala population is declining only in a few regionsC. researchers need enough time to so1ve the koala problemsD. experts have lost the best chance to save the infected koa las【答案】61-65BABDC【山东省烟台市2012届高三第一次模拟考试】CThe Internationa1 Space Station allows astronauts to live in space forextended amounts of time, enabling them to explore the outside universeal1d conduct many experiments. However, nothing like that exists for ouroceans, and thanks to the highwater pressure, ocean researchers are able to explore what lies undersea forvery short periods of time.They are therefore never able to fully explore the deep inside areas ofour oceans. However, if French architect Jacques Rougerie has his way, thatwill change soon.Jacqucs has designed a ship that will allow researchers to spend a long period of time observing the sea life and conducting experiments. The huge l67ft. ship, named‘Sea Orbiter’, consists of two areas—one above the watei wherc the scientists and crew will live, and a lower pressurized deck (甲板), where scientists will bc able to spend as much time as they wish. Since it is powered by sea currents and wind, he expects it to drift (漂流) along the oceans slowly, taking about two years to circumvent the globe.Jacques will make their life as comfortable as possible in the ship. Besides being equipped with the latest sailing tools and communication equipment, the ship will also have a gym, atelevision and a DVD player!And these guys will not be eating freeze-dried food like astronauts. Instead, Jacques, an accomplished chef, plans on cooking them delicious meals every day.The biggest problem to this giant ship is the cost, which is expected to be over $500 million —per ship! However, Jacques, who strongly believes that the secrets of our oceans may be the key to solving global warming and a vita l supply for food and medicine in the future, is confident he will be able to convince governments all over the world to help out, and expects to start construction on not one, but four or five of these amazing ships soon!66. Why can’t ocean researchers explore the deep oceans for a long time?A. Because they can’t stand the high water pressure.B. Because it’s too cold in deep ocean.C. Because time for experiments is too limited.D. Because it’s dangerous to observe the sea life.67. The underlined word“circumvent”probably means .A. fly awayB. get aroundC. travel throughD. move into68. From the fourth paragraph we can Iearn that .A. Jacques intends to design the ship mainly for sightseeing and travelingB. living a comfortable life helps to do the ocean research quicklyC. it’s much more expensive to eat freeze-dried foodD. researchers on Jacques’ship will live more comfortably than astronauts69. In Jacques’opinion, which of the following is not the purpose of the undersea research?A. To find supply for food in the future.B. To find supply for medicine in the future.C. To draw governments’attention to the construction of the ship.D. To solve the global warming.70. Which of the fol1owing would be the best title for the text?A. Sea Orbite—the ship of the futureB. A new way to explore the deep oceansC. A great architect—Jacques RougerieD. Travel around the globe in Sea Orbiter【答案】66-70ABDCA。
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(27).pdf
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（27）Passage Thirty-one (The Causes of European Separation in 16th Century)For a thousand years and more, the people of Europe had fought about many things, but they had been united in believing one thing: that there existed a single “Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church” of which the Bishop of Rome, under the title of the Pope, was the visible and recognizable head in succession to St. Peter. But in 1517 a German monk, Martin Luther, challenged certain Catholic teachings and renounced his obedience to the papacy. Others had followed him, including Henry VIII.Thus Europe was divided in every which way, the southern and eastern two-thirds still Catholic, the northern and western one-third what was coming to be called Protestant, though English-ruled Ireland solidly Catholic and the Spanish-ruled Netherlands, particularly the northern part approximating to modern Holland, grew increasingly Protestant; while in virtually every country, whether officially Catholic or Protestant, those of the contrary faith fiercely attempted to convert their neighbors and equally fiercely resisted their neighbor’s attempts to convert them. For this there was no simple, friendly solution to be reached on the principle of live-and-let-live. Each party believed that it had hold of the truth, the only truth that mattered, the one that led to eternal salvation, and its adversaries clung to falsehood which must necessarily head to eternal damnation: not only for themselves but for all who should permit them to survive and infect others with their errors. Toleration, even reasonable discussion, was impossible. God and the devil could not mix. Just as Elizabeth was to ardent Catholics that Jezebel, so to earnest Protestants the Pope was “that wolfish bloodsuc ker,” and their Catholic fellow-creatures mad dogs, toads and other such vermin to be cleansed off the face of the earth.These feelings, dangerous enough in themselves, were made more so by questions of geography and money. The Catholic countries bordering on the Mediterranean were by far the richest. From the beginning of the Middle Ages the Republic of Venice had controlled the trade routes to the East, bringing the wares carried out of Persia, China and the Indies by camel to her depots in Syria and reloading them in her high, gorgeously painted vessels for transshipment to Italy and beyond. Since the end of the fifteen century, first Portugal by sailing round Africa to India, then Spain by the discovery of America, had likewise been in a position to bring for sale to Europe all the rareand wonderful things for which Europe longed—silks and precious woods, sugar and spices, gold and silver, works of exquisite art and strange animals from peacock to tigers. In 1494, two years after Columbus’s first voyage to America, Pope Alexander VI had divided the unexplored world beyond the seas between Spain and Portugal as reward for their enterprise and to keep them from fighting. The other countries had respected this division so long as they remained Catholic.1. The best title for this passage is[A]. The History of Europe in 16th Century.. The Religious History of Europe in 16th Century.[C]. The Causes of European Separation in 16th Century.2. What does we learn from the passage?[A]. The Pope had the supreme power in religion before reform.. The Pope had the greatest power in every thing outside religion.[C]. The Pope was the real king in Europe then.[D]. The Pope was the real ruler in Europe then.3. What did the sentence “The other countri es had respected this division so long as they remained Catholic” imply?[A]. It implied this division could not be respected long.. It implied this division would not face a challenge.[C]. It implied this division would be respected forever.[D]. It implied the power of the Pope would never decline.4. Which of the following is not mentioned as a cause to deepen the dangerous feelings?[A]. Money. . Geology. [C]. Religion. [D]. Geography.V ocabulary1. Apostolic 罗马教皇的，使徒的2. in succession to 继承，接班3. Martin Luther 马丁•路德1483——1546德国宗教改革家4. teachings 教义5. renounce 抛弃，摈弃，否认6. papacy 罗马教皇职位/制度，这里指罗马教皇7. cling to 坚持8. damnation 诅咒，永远的处罚9. bloodsucker 吸血鬼10. depot 仓库，补给站11. gorgeous 华丽的，灿烂的，辉煌的12. spice 香料13. enterprise 事业，业绩，功勋难句译注1. Thus Europe was divided in every which way, the southern and eastern two-thirds still Catholic, the northern and western one-third what was coming to be called Protestant, though English-ruled Ireland solidly Catholic and the Spanish-ruled Netherlands, particularly the northern part approximating to modern Holland, grew increasingly Protestant; while in virtually every country, whether officially Catholic or Protestant, those of the contrary faith fiercely attempted to convert their neighbors and equally fiercely resisted their neighbor’s attempts to convert them. [结构简析] every which way. 四面八方，散乱。
2012届步步高高考英语大二轮专题复习与增分策略训练：活页练(23)
活页练(二十三)A(2011·北京卷·C)Students and Technology in the ClassroomI love my Blackberry—it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me．I also love my laptop computer，as it holds all of my writing and thoughts．Despite this love of technology，I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices(设备) and truly communicate with others．On occasion，I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers．My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas．Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom．I have a rule—no laptops，iPads，phones，etc．When students were told my rule in advance of the class，some of them were not happy．Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology．There’s a bit of truth to that．Some students assume that I am anti-technology．There’s no truth in that at all．I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students．The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage complex ideas．Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas．I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas．I want them to push each other to think differently and to make connections between the course material and the class discussion．I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create．Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge，they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom．I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class，but until I hear a really good reason for the change，I’m sticking to my plan．A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up．1．Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with ________．A．the course materialB．others’ misuse of technologyC．discussion topicsD．the author’s class regulations2．The underlined word “engage” in Para．4 probably means ________．A．explore B．acceptC．change D．reject3．According to the author，the use of technology in the classroom may ________．A．keep students from doing independent thinkingB．encourage students to have in-depth conversationsC．help students to better understand complex themesD．affect students’ concentration on course evaluation4．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ________．A．is quite stubbornB．will give up teaching historyC．will change his teaching plan soonD．values technology-free dialogues in his class211工程(优秀生选做题)2．vocabulary：(1)in advance of＝________________在……前in advance事先；预先advanced adj．高级的；高等的在学年开始前几个星期就向家长们寄了课外阅读书目。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(8)教案
2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（8）Passage Twenty (The Law to Keep the Oil Industry under Control)The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new lawlimits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil panies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things backfor long.As on Norwegian politician said last week:“ Wewill soon be changed beyond all recognition.”Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospital and ahealthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and thetourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industriesmight even disappear altogether when it bees cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen donot make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians seein them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage thatit might cause to the countryside and to the sea.1.The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to[A]provide more jobs for foreign workers.slow down the rate of its development.[C]sell the oil it is producing abroad.[D]develop more quickly than at present.2.The Norwegian Government has tried to[A]encourage the oil panies to discover new oil sources.prevent oil panies employing people from northern Norway.[C]help the oil panies solve many of their problems.[D]keep the oil industry to something near its present size.3.According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to[A]the development of industry.a growth in population.[C]the failure of the development programme.[D]the development of new towns.4.In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be[A]a large reduction on unemployment.a growth in the tourist industry.[C]a reduction in the number of existing industries.[D]the development of a number of service industries.5.Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because[A]they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.[C]their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.[D]they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.Vocabulary1.Norwegian挪威的；挪威人2.coastline海岸线3.recognition认可；认识；欣赏4.countryside乡间；乡民难句译注1.A new law limits exploration production limits have been laid to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; down (though these have already been raised); and oil panieshave not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.【构造简析】用两个分连结三句句子。
2012高考英语阅读理解课堂练学案(14)
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（14）Passage Fourteen (Pageants)Pageants are usually conceived on a fairly large scale, often under the auspicesof some local or civic authority or at any rate in connection with local groups ofsome kind. This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually befound to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretchit so that all performers can be adequately clothed.Most pageants have a historical flavour as they usually come about through thecelebration of the anniversary of some event of historic importance, or the lifeor death of some l ocal worthy. Research among a rchives and books in the public library will probably prove very useful and produce some workable ideas which will give the production an especially local flavour. From the first economy will have to bepracticed because there are usually a great number of people to dress. Leadingcharacters can be considered individually in the same way as when designing for aplay; but the main body of the performers will need to be planned in groups and the massed effect must be always borne in mind.Many pageants take place in daylight in the open air. This is an entirely different problem from designing costumes which are going to be looked at under artificiallighting; for one thing, scenes viewed in the daylight are subject to many moredistractions. No longer is everything around cut out by the surrounding darkness,but instead it is very easy to be aware of disturbing movement in the audience ofbehind the performers. Very theatrically conceived clothes do not always look their best when seen in a daylight setting of trees, verdant lawns and old ivy-coveredwalls; the same goes for costumes being worn in front of the mellow colors of stately homes. The location needs to be studied and then a decision can be made as to whatkinds of colors and textures will harmonize best with the surroundings and conditions and then to carry this out as far as possible on the funds available.If money is available to dress the performers without recourse to their own helpin the provision of items, it is best to arrange for all the cutting and pinningtogether of the costumes to be done by one or two experienced people than to be given out to the groups and individuals for completion. When there is little or no moneyat all, the garments need to be reduced to the basic necessities. Cloaks and shawls become invaluable, sheets and large bath towels and bath sheets are admirable fordraping. Unwanted curtains and bed spreads can be cut to make t unics, robes and skirts. These are particularly valuable if they are of heavy fabrics such as velvet orchenille.Colors should be massed together so that there are contrasting groups of dark andlight, this will be found to help the visual result substantially. Crowds of people gathered together in a jumble of colors will be ground to look quite purposelessand will lack dramatic impact.The use of numbers of identical head-dresses, however simply made, are alwayseffective when working with groups. If these are made o f cardboard and painted boldlythe cost can be almost negligible. Helmets, hats and plumes will all make quite ashow even if the costumes are only blandest or sheets cleverly draped. The same can be said of the use of banners, shields and poles with stiff pennants and garlands—anything which will help to have a unifying effect. Any kind of eye-catching device will always go with a flourish and add excitement to the scenes.1. The main idea of this passage is[A]. Pageants. . Costumes on the stage. [C]. Costumes for pageants. [D]. How to arrange a pageant.2. It can be inferred that the most important factor in costume design is[A]. money. . color. [C]. harmony [D]. texture3. Why will much ingenuity have to be required in costume design?[A]. Because pageants take place in daylight in the open air.. Because different characters require different costumes.[C]. Because the colors and textures must be in harmony with the setting.[D]. Because an allocation of the funds available is usually rather small.4. Why do most pageants have a historical flavour?[A]. Because most pageants take place for celebration.. Many pageants take place for amusement.[C]. A lot of pageants take place for religion.[D]. Because pageants usually take place for competition.Vocabulary1. conceive 设想，想象to be conceived 设想好的，构思好的2. under the auspices of 在……的主办下3. meager 贫乏的，不足的4. mount 登上，制作，上演5. flavour 风味，风格，情趣6. archive(s) 档案（馆）7. distraction 使人分心的事8. ivy 常春藤9. mellow 柔和的10. recourse (to) 依赖，求助于11. drape 覆盖，披上12. invaluable 无价的，非常贵重的13. tunic （古时）长达膝盖的外衣，穿在盔甲上的战袍14. chenille 绳绒绒（织品）15. jumble 混乱，搞乱16. pennant 细长三角旗17. garland 花环，花冠难句译注1. This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually befound to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretchit so that all performers can be adequately clothed.[结构简析] 复合结构。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(10)教案
2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（10）Passage Six (Equality of opportunity in the twentieth Century Has Not Destroyed the ClassSystem)These days we hear a lot of nonsense about the‘ greatclassless society’The. idea that thetwentieth century is the age of the mon man has bee one of the great clich s of our time. The same éold arguments are put forward in evidence. Here are some of them: monarchy as a system ofgovernment has been pletely discredited. The monarchies that survive have been deprived of allpolitical power. Inherited wealth has been savagely reduced by taxation and, in time, the greatfortunes will disappear altogether. In a number of countries the victory has been plete. The peoplerule; the great millennium has bee a political reality. B ut has it? Close examination doesn’ t bear out the claim.It is a fallacy to suppose that all men are equal and that society will be leveled out if youprovide everybody with the same educational opportunities. (It is debatable whether you can everprovide everyone with the same educational opportunities, but that is another question.) The fact isthat nature dispenses brains and ability with a total disregard for the principle of equality. The oldrules of the jungle, ‘ survivalof the fittest and’ ,‘ mightis right are’ still with us. The spread of educationhas destroyed the old class system and created a new one. Rewards are based on merit.For‘ aristocracy’ read‘ meritocracy’ ; in other respects, society remains unaltered: the class system is rigidly maintained.Genuine ability, animal cunning, skill, the knack of seizing opportunities, all bring materialrewards. And what is the first thing people do when they bee rich? They use their wealth to securethe best possible opportunities for their chil dren, to give them‘ a good start in life’ . For all the lip service we pay to the idea of equality, we do not consider this wrong in the western world. Privateschools which offer unfair advantages over state schools are not banned because one of theprinciples in a democracy is that people should be free to choose how they will educate theirchildren. In this way, the new meritocracy can perpetuate itself to a certain extent: an able childfrom a wealthy home can succeed far more rapidly than his poorer counterpart. Wealth is also used indiscriminately to further political ends. It would be almost impossible to bee the leader of ademocracy without massive financial backing. Money is as powerful a weapon as ever it was.In societies wholly dedicated to the principle of social equality, privileged private education is forbidden. But even here people are rewarded according to their abilities. In fact, so great is the need for skilled workers that the least able may be neglected. Bright children are carefully and expensively trained to bee future rulers. In the end, all political ideologies boil down to the same thing: class divisions persist whether you are ruled by a feudal king or an educated peasant.1.What is the main idea of this passage?[A] Equality of opportunity in the twentieth century hasnot destroyed the class system.Equality means money.[C]There is no such society as classless society.[D]Nature can’ t give you a classless society.2.According to the author, the same educational opportuniti es can ’ t get rid of inequality because[A] the principle‘ survival of the fittest’ exists.Nature ignores equality in dispensing brains and ability.[C]Material rewards are for genuine ability.[D]People have the freedom how to educate their children.3.Who can obtain more rapid success[A]those with wealth.Those with the best brains.[C]Those with the best opportunities.[D]Those who have the ability to catch at opportunities.4.Why does the author say the new meritocracy can perpetuate itself to a certain extent? Because[A]money decides everything.Private schools offer advantages over state schools.[C]People are free to choose the way of educating their children.[D] Wealth is used for political ends.5.According to the author,‘ classreferdivi s ionsto’[A]the rich and the poor.Different opportunities for people.[C]Oppressor and the oppressed.[D] Genius and stupidity.Vocabulary1.discredit害，损坏，坏（某人的名望），不行信2.monarch国王，女皇，君主政体lennium千年the millennium千僖年4.bear out5.level out（升跌以后）呈平状6.meritocracy英才管理，英才教育，强人治7.knack技巧，8.perpetuate使永远，永存或持9.indiscriminate不加的，不加剖析的，随意的10.boil down⋯⋯句注1.Close examination doesn’ t bear out the claim.【参照文】深入探究此断言不确。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(14)教案
2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（14）Passage Fourteen (Pageants)Pageants are usually conceived on a fairly large scale, often under the auspices of some local or civic authority or at any rate in connection with local groups of some kind. This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will haveto be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed.Most pageants have a historical flavour as they usually e about through the celebration of the anniversary of some event of historic importance, or the life or death of some local worthy. Research among archives and books in the public library will probably prove very useful and produce some workable ideas which will give the production an especially local flavour. From the first economy will have to be practiced because there are usually a great number of people to dress.Leading characters can be considered individually in the same way as when designing for a play; but the main body of the performers will need to be planned in groups and the massed effect must be always borne in mind.Many pageants take place in daylight in the open air. This is an entirely different problem from designing costumes which are going to be looked at under artificial lighting; for one thing, scenes viewed in the daylight are subject to many more distractions. No longer is everything around cutout by the surrounding darkness, but instead it is very easy to be aware of disturbing movement in the audience of behind the performers. Very theatrically conceived clothes do not always look their best when seen in a daylight setting of trees, verdant lawns and old ivy-covered walls; thesame goes for costumes being worn in front of the mellow colors of stately homes. The locationneeds to be studied and then a decision can be made as to what kinds of colors and textures will harmonize best with the surroundings and conditions and then to carry this out as far aspossible on the funds available.If money is available to dress the performers without recourse to their own help in the provision of items, it is best to arrange for all the cutting and pinning together of the costumes to be done byone or two experienced people than to be given out to the groups and individuals for pletion. When there is little or no money at all, the garments need to be reduced to the basic necessities.Cloaks and shawls bee invaluable, sheets and large bath towels and bath sheets are admirable for draping. Unwanted curtains and bed spreads can be cut to make tunics, robes and skirts. These are particularly valuable if they are of heavy fabrics such as velvet or chenille.Colors should be massed together so that there are contrasting groups of dark and light, this willbe found to help the visual result substantially. Crowds of people gathered together in a jumble of colors will be ground to look quite purposeless and will lack dramatic impact.The use of numbers of identical head-dresses, however simply made, are always effective when working with groups. If these are made of cardboard and painted boldly the cost can be almost negligible. Helmets, hats and plumes will all make quite a show even if the costumes are only blandest or sheets cleverly draped. The same can be said of the use of banners, shields and poles with stiff pennants and garlands —anything which will help to have a unifying effect. Any kind of eye-catching device will always go with a flourish and add excitement to the scenes.1.The main idea of this passage is[A]. Pageants.. Costumes on the stage.[C]. Costumes for pageants.[D]. How to arrange a pageant.2.It can be inferred that the most important factor in costume design is[A]. money.. color.[C]. harmony[D]. texture3.Why will much ingenuity have to be required in costume design?[A]. Because pageants take place in daylight in the open air.. Because different characters require different costumes.[C]. Because the colors and textures must be in harmony with the setting.[D]. Because an allocation of the funds available is usually rather small.4.Why do most pageants have a historical flavour?[A]. Because most pageants take place for celebration.. Many pageants take place for amusement.[C].A lot of pageants take place for religion.[D].Because pageants usually take place for petition.Vocabulary1.conceive想，想象to be conceived想好的，构想好的2.under the auspices of在⋯⋯的主下3.meager乏的，不足的4.mount登上，制作，演出5.flavour味，格，情味6.archive(s)档案（）7.distraction令人分心的事8.ivy常春藤9.mellow轻柔的10.recourse (to)依，求援于11.drape覆盖，披上12.invaluable无价的，特别重的13.tunic（古）达膝盖的外套，穿在盔甲上的袍14.chenille（品）15.jumble杂乱，搅乱16.pennant三角旗17.garland花，花冠句注1.This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed. [ 构析 ]复合构。
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1 2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（23） ( A competitor sabotages) New and bizarre crimes have come into being with the advent of computer technology. Organized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited opportunities, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage, politically related sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes… Theft of data, or data crime, has attracted the interest of organized criminal syndicates. This is usually the theft or copying of valuable computer grogram. An international market already exists for computerized data, and specialized fences are said to be playing a key role in this rapidly expanding criminal market. Buyers for stolen programs may range from a firm’s competitors to foreign nations. A competitor sabotages a company’s computer system to destroy or cripple the firm’s operational ability, thus neutralizing its competitive capability either in the private or the government sector. This computer sabotage may also be tied to an attempt by affluent investors to acquire the victim firm. With the growing reliance by firms on computers for their recordkeeping and daily operations, sabotage of their computers can result in internal havoc, after which the group interested in acquiring the firm can easily buy it at a substantially lower price. Criminal groups could also resort to sabotage if the company is a competitor of a business owned or controlled by organized crime. Politically motivated sabotage is on the increase; political extremist groups have sprouted on every continent. Sophisticated computer technology arms these groups with awesome powers and opens technologically advanced nations to their attack. Several attempts have already been made to destroy computer facility at an air force base. A university computer facility involved in national defence work suffered more than $2 million in damages as a result of a bombing. Computer vulnerability has been amply documented. One congressional study concluded that neither government nor private computer systems are adequately protected against sabotage. Organized criminal syndicates have shown their willingness to work with politically motivated groups. Investigators have uncovered evidence of cooperation between criminal groups and 2
foreign governments in narcotics. Criminal groups have taken attempts in assassinating political leaders…. Computers are used in hospital life-support system, in laboratories, and in major surgery. Criminals could easily turn these computers into tools of devastation. By sabotaging the computer of a life-support system, criminals could kill an individual as easily as they had used a gun. By manipulating a computer, they could guide awesome tools of terror against large urban centers. Cities and nations could become hostages. Homicide could take a now form. The computer may become the hit man of the twentieth century. The computer opens vast areas of crime to organized criminal groups, both national and international. It calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts, because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle, especially those requiting a vast network of fences. Although criminals have adapted to computer technology, law enforcement has not. Many still think in terms of traditional criminology.
1. How many kinds of crimes are mentioned in the passage? [A]. 7. . 8. [C]. 9. [D]. 10 2. What is the purpose of a competitor to sabotage a company’s computer? [A]. His purpose is to destroy or weaken the firm’s operational ability. . His purpose is to weaken firm’s competitive capability and get it. [C]. His purpose is to buy the rival’s company at a relatively low price. [D]. His purpose is to steal important data. 3. Which of the following can be labeled as a politically motivated sabotage of a computer system? [A]. Sabotage of a university computer. . Sabotage of a hospital computer. [C]. Sabotage of computer at a secret training base. [D]. Sabotage of a factory computer. 4. What does the author mean by “Homicide could take a new form”? [A]. There is no need to use a gun in killing a person. . Criminals can kill whoever they want by a computer. [C]. The computer can replace any weapons.