英语测试学考试题
《英语测试》试卷与练习题答案
《英语测试》试卷与练习题答案姓名：学号：11106011093班级：11级英语1班日期：2013.11.28A Test Paper of Unit 3 Book Vsimilar in meaning. Write the corresponding answer on the Answer Sheet. （10%）A. conveyB.knackC.not harmed by; not adversely affected byD.recalcitrantE.offshootF.gropeG.quaintH.plausibleI.aweJ. do something on one’s ownK.tamper withL．endeavorM．pay tribute to1．( ) to express what you are thinking or feeling without stating it directly2．( )not harmed by; not adversely affected by3．( )a special skill or ability, usu. the result of practice4．( )a new stem or branch of a plant; an organization, system of beliefs 5．( )person or animal that is hard to keep under one’s control6．( )unusual and attractive, esp. in an old-fashioned way7．( )try to find something by feeling with the hands in a place where one cannot see properly.8．( )seeming to be reasonable or probable. The word is often used derogatorily9．( )do something by oneself10．( )The feeling of respect and amazement when one is faced with something wonderful, frightening, or completely unknownPART II GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (10mins)Directions: There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.（10%）1. Postal ____are determined by the class and weight of the parcel mailed.A. taxesB. paymentC. feesD. premium2. Beth could ____her coat because it had laagered buttons.A. recognizeB. proveC. defineD. claim3. My father is so deaf that he has to use a hearing ____A. helpB. aidC. supportD. tool4. On New Year’s Eve, there will be a firework ____ at People’s Square.A. displayB. performanceC. showD. exhibition5. The ____of beer and alcohol in New Zealand is very high.A .consumption B. use C. drink D. absorption6.According to the law which he later produced, everything in the universe attractseverything else towards _____.A. itB. everythingC. itselfD. each7. Each of the area managers enjoys considerable_____ in the running of his ownarea.A. autonomyB. dignityC. monopolyD. stability8. There is an unquestionable link between job losses and _____ services.A. descendingB. decliningC. deterioratingD. depressing9. Thomas Edison,_____ , seemed to be awkward in his childhood.A. a great inventorB. was a great inventorC. a great inventor whoD. who, as a great inventor10. In these circumstances, it is the managers who come_____ best.A. offB. onC. roundD. down11. Neptune is about thirty times as far from the Sun _____.A. is the EarthB. the Earth isC. is as the EarthD. as is the Earth12. He’s already_____ several of the proposals in his economic planto accommodate demands of special interests.A. alteredB. alternatedC. substitutedD. exchanged13. He has been _____by magistrates that he is under investigationfor corruption.A. certifiedB. classifiedC. clarifiedD. notified14. Talking about that is useless, _____is familiar to me.A. which factB. the fact of whichC. is factD. that fact15. It would seem more _____to apply standards flexibly rather than rigidly.A. insensitiveB. allergicC. sensibleD. infected16.If the supply of vitamins and minerals in the diet is_____, this will result inchanges in body chemistry.A. inadequateB. incapableC. incompatibleD. invalid17.Our country had made great efforts to promote the family-planning policy, but _____the birth rate is getting higher and higher.A. as it wereB. as it isC. as it wasD. as is it18. The average daily _____of fruit and vegetables is around 200 grams.A. dissipationB. consumptionC. disposalD. expenditure19. Two officers on patrol became _____ of two men in a car.A. generousB. suspiciousC. appreciativeD. tolerant20. He caused a false account of the event _____ in the newspaper.A. had publishedB. to be publishedC. being publishedD. to have published .Part III、CLOZE (15mins)Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the one answer that best fits into the passage. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.(15%)Albert Einstein is known (1)_____the man of science of the 20th century. Most reminiscences of him focus on his genius and achievements. (2)____, Hoffmann takes a different perspective. This article, as the title suggests, aims to reveal some of the less well-known aspects of Einstein's personality, traits that characterize him more as a man (3)____ as a scientific genius.In Hoffmann’s opinion “simplicity” is the best word to (4)____ the essence of Einstein’s character. The abstract notion of simplicity is explained by a (5)____ in the first paragraph. Which is it?This knack for going (6)___ to the heart of a matter was the secret of his major scientific (7)_____--- this and his extraordinary feeling for beauty.We can see Einstein was a very(8)____ man though he was such a distinguished scientist. He was a very modest person, never thinking (9)____ any superior to or more authoritative than others (10)____ his fame and achievements as a great scientist of the time.1．A. for B. an C. as D. to2．A. and B. or C. however D. what3．A. than B. for C. to D. prefer4．A. describe B. say C. know D. cry5．A. phrase B. sentence C. passage D. number 6．A. actively B. instinctively C. lonely D. quietly7．A. notes B. discoveries C. opinions D. articles8．A. modest B. angry C. hungry D. famous9．A. himself B. itself C. yourself D. myself10.A. because of B. and C. why D. ofPART IV、TRANSLATION (15mins)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English.Paraphrase the following.（10%）1. This knack for going instinctively to the heart of a matter was the secret of his major scientific discoveries -- this and his extraordinary feeling for beauty.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________2. The intensity and depth of his concentration were fantastic. When battling arecalcitrant problem, he worried it as an animal worries its prey.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________3. A dreamy, faraway and yet inward look would come over his face. There was noappearance of concentration, no furrowing of the brow--only a placid innercommunion.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________4. Each of these assumptions, by itself, was so plausible as to seem primitively obvious. But together they were in such violent conflict that a lesser man would have dropped one or the other and fled in panic.__________________________________________________________________5. Einstein's work, performed quietly with pencil and paper, seemed remote from the turmoil of everyday life: But his ideas were so revolutionary they causedviolent controversy and irrational anger.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART V. Translate the following sentences into English，using the words and phrases given in the bracket.（10%）1.他按了按汽车喇叭以引起路上行人的警觉。
(完整版)英语专八语言学测试题
英语专八人文语言学测试题1. Which of the following features is NOT one of the design features of language?A language is a systemB language is symbolicC Animal also have languageD language is arbitrary2. The fact that different languages have different words for the same object is good proof that human loanguage is __________.A arbitraryB non-arbitraryC logicalD non-productive3. Which of the foloowing terms best describes the “-ate” in the word “affectionate”?A derivational morphemeB infectional morphemeC free morphemeD prefix4. Which of the foloowing terms best describes the pair of words kill and dill?A minimal pairB phonemic contrastC closed class wordsD bound morphemes5. What is the basic lexical relation between piece and peace?A synonymyB antonymyC homonymyD polysemy6. /p/ is different from /b/ in ______.A the manner of articulationB the shape of the lipsC the vibration of the vocal cordsD the place of articulation7. Of all the speech organs, the ____ is / are the most flexible.A mouthB lipsC tongueD vocal cords8. The phonological features of the consonant /t/ are ______.A voiced stopB voiceless stopC voiced fricativeD voiceless fricative9. The branch of linguistics that studies show context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called ________.A semanticsB pragmaticsC sociaolinguisticsD psycholinguistics10. The utterance “We’ve already eaten ten tons.” Obviously violates the maxim of ______.A qualityB quantityC relationD manner11. All the back vowels in English are pronounced with rounded-lips, i.e. rounded, except _____.A //12. The semantic relationship between the two sentences “Mary’s son is an engineer.” And “Mary has a son.” is _______.A entailmentB presuppositionC synonymyD inconsistency13. Which of the following sentences is a commissive?A The eqarth is round.B I now prinounce you husband and wife.C I’m really sorry!D I’ll be here tomorrow14. Semantic feature analysis attempts to account for the _____ of a word according to the presence or abence of a specific semantic feature in the word.A conceptual meaningB social meaningC connotative meaningD affective meaning15. ____ act is the extra meaning of the utterance produced on the basis of its literal meaning.A SpeechB LocutionaryC IllocutionaryD Perlocutionary16. _____is a group of people using a given language or dialect. They use the same kind of language or dialect which is highly strtified in terms of social division.A Speech communityB Individual dialectC Regional dialectD Social dialect17. The situation where two very different varieties of the same language are used side by side for two different sets of functions is termed as _______.A diglossiaB bilingualismC multilingualismD register18. A ____is a variety of a language that is not a native language of anynone, but is learned on co9ntact situation such as trading.A pidginB creoleC dialectD lingua franca19. The Word“lab”is formed through _________.A back formationB blendingC clippingD derivation20. Which of the following items is not one of the grammatical categories of English pronouns?A genderB numberC caseD voice21. The pair of words “ lend ” and “ borrow ” are _______.A gradable oppositesB converse oppositesC co-hypinymsD synonyms22. “Big” and “Small ”are a pair of _________opposites.A complementaryB gradableC completeD converse23. _______is the study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication.A SemanticsB pragmaticsC sociolinguisticsD psycholinguistics24. A variety of a language used recognizably in a specific region or by a specific social class is called __________.A dialectB registersC creolesD pidgins25. In a speech community people have something in common________ -- a language or a particular variety of language and rules for using it.A sociallyB linguisticallyC culturallyD pragmatically26. [ l ] and [ r ] function in a minimal pair of ___________.A lid and ridB lad and redC peel and peerD both A，B，C27. Man’s linguistic ability enables him to produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences in his native language, including the sentences which were never heard before. This design feature of language is ____________.A specializationB cultural transmissionC ProductivityD arbitrariness28. The study of language developed over a period of time is generally termed as ______ linguistics, which focuses on the changes and developments of language.A comparativeB appliedC synchronicD diachronic29. Human language operates on two levels of structure. At one level are elements which have no meaning in themselves but which combine to form units at another level which do have meaning. This design feature of language is called ______.A D。
人教版2022--2023学年度第一学期四年级英语期末测试卷及答案(含四套题)
人教版2022--2023学年度第一学期期末测试卷四年级 英语本试卷总分100分，考试时间40分钟。
听力部分一、听录音，选出你所听到的单词或词组，并将其字母代号填入题前括号内。
注意每小题听三遍。
（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） ( ) 1. A. toy B. key C. cute ( ) 2. A. bowl B. wow C. wall ( ) 3. A. blue bag B. brown shoes C. blue glasses ( ) 4. A. hair B. hat C. her ( ) 5. A. bed B. red C. find ( ) 6. A. strong B. quiet C. shoe ( ) 7. A. spoon B. soup C. pass ( ) 8. A. so muchB. how manyC. how much ( ) 9. A. English book B. Chinese book C. storybook ( ) 10. A. cakeB. faceC. make二、听录音，选出你所听到的句子，并将其字母代号填入题前括号内。
注意每小题听三遍。
（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） ( ) 11. A. His name is Zhang Peng. B. His name is John. C. Her name is Sarah.( ) 12. A. Is she in the kitchen? B.Is he in the study? C. Is she in the bedroom?( ) 13. A. He is tall and thin. B. She is short and thin. C. He has short hair.( ) 14. A. It’s under the desk. B. It’s under the chair. C. It’s near the desk.( ) 15. A. Would you like some beef? B. What would you like? C. Would you like some chicken? ( ) 16. A. My cousin is a student. B. My aunt is a cook. C. My uncle is a teacher.( ) 17. A. I have a new schoolbag. B. I have a new ruler. C. I have a new pencil.( ) 18. A. Is this your uncle, Sarah? B. Is this your father, Lily? C. Is this your sister, Tim?( ) 19. A. The sofa is in the living room. B. The table is in the living room.……○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○…此卷只装订不密封……○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○…C. The phone is on the table.( ) 20. A. Turn on the light.B. Close the window.C. Clean the blackboard.三、听录音，选出与句子内容相关的图画，并将其字母代号填入题前括号内。
英语新课程标准测试题(含部分答案)
12011英语新课程标准测试题一、填空题（30分每小题（含部分答案）2分）1、语言技能主要包括__听_____、说、____读___、写等四个方面的技能以及这些技能的综合运用。
2、英语语言知识主要含：语音3、整个基础教育阶段的英语课程、词汇、__语法_____、功能和话题。
（包括义务教育和高中两个阶段）按照能力水平分为_九个级别。
4、、能借助图片读懂简单的故事或者小短文是新课标中____语言技能一级________的目标要求。
5、语言技能一级目标中说唱要求的第一个要求是___能根据录音模仿说话_______________。
6、学习策略：认知策略，__调控策略__________，__交际策略_________，资源策略。
7、义务教育阶段的英语课程具有_工具性______和___人文性8、教材编写应体现以下四个原则：思想性原则、____科学性____双重性质。
___、趣味性原则、____灵活性___。
9、课程资源开发与利用建议：开发与利用教材资源；开发与利用学校资源；开发与利用网络资源；开发与利用___学生____ 资源。
10、英语课程的评价要尽可能做到评价主体的多元化，评价形式和内容的_多样化_，评价目标的多维化。
11、评价体系包括 __形成性评价___和终结性评价12、评价要___服务教学_______、反馈教学、促进教学。
13、综合语言运用能力的形成建立在_语言知识_、__语言技能___,情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等方面整体发展的基础之上。
14、形成性评价可采用多种方式，如测试与非测试、教师评价、___个人评价__与学生互评相结合等。
15、、_二级为6年级结束时应达到的基本要求，__五_级为9年级结束时应达到的基本要求。
二、简答题（30分）1、简述义务教育阶段英语课程的总体目标。
2、英语课程标准的基本理念是什么？3、为适应英语课程标准对教师提出的新要求，对教师有哪些教学建议？4、学习策略的含义是什么？5、《英语课程标准》中对二级综合语言运用能力目标是怎样描述的？三、论述题（24分）1、简述情感态度的含义是什么？你在实际教学中是如何激化并强化学生的学习兴趣？2、从语言技能方面，谈谈你认为小学英语教学中比较薄弱的环节有哪些？你是怎样加强这些环节的教学？四、案例分析（请在以下两则案例中选择其中一则进行分析）（16分）案例1、讲台上放着一只魔箱，教师像魔术师一样,一会儿拿出小红花，奖励给上课表现好的小朋友。
厦门大学英语测试题库
英语 1 考试时间：共 120 分钟单选题(共 100题)(1). Helen lacks _________. I’ve never known anyone so unsure of herself.(1分)A capacityB facultyC judgmentD confidence(2). People cried in ________ as they watched the building go up in flames.(1分)A determinationB patienceC anxietyD horror(3). She commanded that the troops ________ the water.(1分)A to crossB crossedC to be crossedD cross(4). The sad news broke her ________.(1分)A mindB emotionsC heartD feeling(5). I really don’t want to go tonight and I’m trying to _______an excuse.(1分)A think outB think aboutC think overD think up(6). He ________ the door and ripped the top part of some sort of hinge.(1分)A pulled onB pulled upC pulled outD pulled down(7). Brazilian coffee is usually ________ by ships because this way is cheaper.(1分)A tradedB transportedC transferredD transmitted(8). Alex may be late. _________, he may not come at all.(1分)A Worse enoughB Still WorseC Worse stillD To be worse(9). I’d like you to describe to my friend your exciting adventures in Africa ________ you have described them to me.(1分)A likeB asC as ifD as though(10).I was ________ that he had made so great progress in study.(1分)A amusedB amazedC shockedD puzzled(11).Don’t drop your cigarette butts on the floor. You could _____ fire to the house.(1分)A causeB makeC setD start(12). Some fish have a greater ________ for acid water than others.(1分)A toleranceB resistanceC dependenceD persistence(13). God ________ that you should ever regret your marriage.(1分)A prohibitB disallowC forbidD proscribe(14). Let’s ________ everything and find out where the trouble was.(1分)A regardB go overC repeatD consider(15). At least 76 people died when a Sibir Airlines Tu-154 ________ into the sea about 180 kilometers from the Russian resort of Sochi on Thursday.(1分)A droppedB jumpedC plungedD declined(16). The ________ face sends a strong emotional message: “Do Not Disturb,” a subtle sign used to keep others a polite distance away.(1分)A dimB blankC faintD vain(17). The harbour can ________ large liners and cargo boats.(1分)A let inB admitC receiveD let out(18). No Iraqi prisoner would willingly subject himself ________ such abuse.(1分)A onB forC withD to(19). Kim stepped into the conference room, ________ the situation quickly and grabbed the phone from Catrina’s hand.(1分)A sized upB threw upC figured outD wiped out(20). Kate’s first meeting with Tom went smoothly, _____ made her feel less uneasy.(1分)A itB thatC whichD as(21). The ________ she felt over the death of her husband was almost too much to bear.(1分)A amazementB optimismC sorrowD confidence(22). If you don’t like to go shopping, you ________ stay at home watching TV.(1分)A may very wellB may wellC may just as wellD may just well(23). The course ________ a class book, a practice book and an audio tape.(1分)A highlightsB makes upC consistsD comprises(24). You misspelled a word. You ________ it up in the dictionary.(1分)A ought to lookB ought to have lookedC ought have lookedD ought look(25). In a word, we have no doubt ________ you are perfectly sound in mind and body.(1分)A thatB whenC whatD whether(26). The old banknotes are being taken out of ________.(1分)A ignoranceB circulationC walletD publication(27). The ants, ________, have their times for play.(1分)A hardworking as are theyB as they are hardworkingC hardworking despite they areD hardworking as they are(28). John _________ his work as soon as he was out of hospital.(1分)A resumedB relievedC grippedD dealt(29). ________ was proved that he was the guilty man.(1分)A ItB HeC SoD As(30). All ________ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.(1分)A what is neededB the thing neededC for our needsD that is needed(31). He pursued his ________ of collecting stamps for so many years.(1分)A habitB customC hobbyD activity(32). We are ________ our trip until the weather grows warmer.(1分)A abandoningB skippingC postponingD fulfilling(33). ________ he prepared his lessons well; at other times he does very poor work.(1分)A Now and thenB First and lastC On one occasionD At first(34). We dare not play jokes on her ________ she should become angry.(1分)A lestB unlessC for fear ofD so that(35). He ________ his way through the crowd and followed her.(1分)A rushedB thrustC wentD threw(36). The lifestyle is so very different --- it takes a while to ________.(1分)A reliveB adjustC handleD challenge(37). In a hospital for the mentally ill, much of the nurse’s time is devoted to maintaining a safe environment for the patients and also helping them to understand and ________ essential safety measures.(1分)A take credit forB put into practiceC hand downD blend in(38). I regret ________ your advice.(1分)A not having takenB not to takeC not takeD not to have taken(39). For wildlife enthusiasts the journey is ________ because theregion is known for its sea birds.(1分)A funnyB worthyC pleasedD worthwhile(40). It was decided that the search ________.(1分)A was endedB be endingC had to be endedD be ended(41). Ann has a fine reputation for being an old hand ______ cooking Italian food.(1分)A onB atC forD in(42). Once we failed to pay the electricity bill, they didn’t hesitate to _________ us _________.(1分)A cut...downB cut...offC cut...outD cut...up(43). I think it was your Dad ________ phoned.(1分)A whatB whichC whomD who(44). I could see that my wife was ________ having that fur coat, whether I approved of it or not.(1分)A adequate forB intent onC short ofD deficient in(45). Grandma was insistent that we ________ her soon.(1分)A went and visitedB go and visitC went visitingD go and visiting(46). As a result of the radio ________ for help for the earthquake victims, over a million pounds have been raised.(1分)A appealB transmissionC programmeD advertisement(47). Amy didn’t see your car, so she ________ you’d gone out.(1分)B resumedC assumedD proclaimed(48). It was when she lived with him that she found out the darker side to his ________.(1分)A integrityB optimismC characterD confidence(49). He is so busy that he can’t ________ the services of a secretary.(1分)A do withoutB set downC make forD touch on(50). Application papers may be sent ________ e-mail.(1分)A inB viaC onD for(51). Participating schools will receive full credit for researching and reporting on their chosen endangered ________.(1分)B typeC categoryD sort(52). Having no money but ________ to know, Joe simply said he would go without dinner.(1分)A not to want anyoneB not wanting anyoneC wanted no oneD to want no one(53). He tends to ________ his elder brother in the things he says and the way he dresses.(1分)A repeatB reflectC reviewD copy(54). We were ________ tired ________ we could not work any more.(1分)A too...thatB so...thatC such...soD so...so(55). Our holidays were ruined by the weather; so ________ havestayed at home!(1分)A it may be as wellB it was just as well weC we might just as wellD we might do as well as we(56). Here tourists could hear the ________ stream splashing as water tumbles over the dam, powering the overshot waterwheel.(1分)A millB mallC pumpD plumb(57). The language spoken in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, however, remains English, and not British, though we do sometimes say British English to distinguish it ________ American English.(1分)A betweenB withC fromD against(58). More than 100 fire-fighters ________ Florida blaze on Monday.(1分)A fiddled withB helped withC collided withD struggled with(59). Why do men ________ enjoying themselves with getting drunken?(1分)A conveyB fulfillC associateD postponing(60). She ________ about the time of flights to Shanghai.(1分)A inquiredB requiredC informedD revealed(61). I try to avoid ________ him face to face.(1分)A metB meetC meetingD to meet(62). His advice was ________.(1分)A paid much attentionB paid much attention toC paid many attentionD paid many attention to(63). He is ________ to visit us if he knows where we live.(1分)A likelyB possibleC probableD necessary(64). In his ________ to catch the train, he left his luggage in the taxi.(1分)A hurryB absenceC worryD leisure(65). The furniture was at last arranged ________ her taste.(1分)A ofB toC forD at(66). He put his coat over the baby for fear that she ________ cold.(1分)A catchesB caughtC should catchD will catch(67). Falling into a sleeplike condition, he suddenly felt as though he ________ sinking in a mighty flood of water.(1分)A wasB wereC isD had been(68). A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is ________ conditions or events.(1分)A in contrast toB in favor ofC in response toD in case of(69). The world ________ we live is in constant change.(1分)A whereB whichC whatD that(70). Please be patient ________ my aunt -- she’s old and forgetful.(1分)A toB withC forD towards(71). She says she is very sorry and realizes she ________ it.(1分)A didB shouldn’t have doneC shouldn’t doD had done(72). Within six years, the cable television industry will ________ in U.S., said speakers at a New York conference Wednesday.(1分)A enforceB promoteC dominateD prevail(73). I ________ you all to take the time to read at least three novels on the list.(1分)A urgeB assumeC informD propose(74). She anxiously ________ the faces of the men leaving the train in the hope of finding her husband.(1分)A approachedB searchedC scannedD recalled(75). Two decades after liberation, war scenarios ________ Egypt again.(1分)A harmB haulC handleD haunt(76). When no one answered the door, she ________ through the window to see if anyone was there.(1分)A spottedB inquiredC scannedD peered(77). A bus ________ into a canal in southern India Thursday, killing 34 people.(1分)A ditchedB soaredC declinedD plunged(78). Scarcely had the speaker begun to talk ________ there were laughs.(1分)A thenB thanC whenD and(79). ________ and the lecture began.(1分)A In the professor comesB In the professor comesC In came the professorD In comes the professor(80). The flat ________ of four rooms, with a kitchen and a bathroom.(1分)A consistsB containsC composesD includes(81). I noticed in her book she makes only a brief ________ to her first husband.(1分)A conclusionB sacrificeC referenceD compliment(82). ”Why is the university doing so much building?”The number of students ________ that there aren’t enough classrooms.”(1分) A have increased so rapidlyB has increased so rapidC have increased so rapidD has increased so rapidly(83). Why are children so easily ________ by what their friends do, think, or say?(1分)A effectedB respectedC convincedD affected(84). He is ________ more hardworking than any of the other boys in the class.(1分)A by farB by way ofC by nowD by and by(85). He was a handsome young man, usually ________, in pleasant contrast to Tottenhoe’s glumness.(1分)A lightheadedB upsetC cheerfulD thoughtful(86). I broke him of his bad habit before it could ________.(1分)A take awayB take offC take backD take hold(87). ”There are good books written ________ Dutch and English, and rubbish written ________ Dutch and English. The language is irrelevant,” said Miller.(1分)A in...inB with...withC by...byD from...from(88). _______ with the veteran, I changed my view on life.(1分)A Being talkedB TalkingC Having talkedD Talked(89). I have always liked cafés and ________ in them even now. A café is an interactive（交互式的） place with a nice atmosphere where people meet.(1分)A hang upB hang overC hang onD hang out(90). The package had been badly ________ in the post.(1分)A crashedB crushedC smashedD destroyed(91). We will be ________ to help you in any way we can.(1分)A less than willingB more willingC more gladD more than glad(92). Before I knew it, I had spent ________ on the journey as had been planned.(1分)A twice as muchB twice moreC twice much moreD twice much(93). She didn’t inform me of her decision. That is to say, I have no idea ________ she will dismiss Linda.(1分)A whetherB ifC thatD what(94). Average students who work hard usually do better than cleverstudents who are _________.(1分)A steadyB tediousC idleD keen(95). It is impossible to ________ the news unless you read the newspaper every day.(1分)A look up inB keep up withC put up withD follow up(96). If only I ________ more money, I could buy the new house.(1分)A hadB haveC have hadD had had(97). The child ________ while on her way home after a game of tennis.(1分)A vanishedB got lostC delayedD was missing(98). Those people who questioned the soldiers for a series of controversial reports, are facing a possible jail term for refusing to ________ their sources.(1分)A tellB sayC revealD exhibit(99). ________, we’d better make some changes in the plan.(1分)A That is the caseB That having been the caseC That to be the caseD That being the case(100). The report shows that poor families spend a large ________ of their income on food.(1分)A proportionB sizeC degreeD bulk。
英语b级考试真题和答案解析
英语b级考试真题和答案解析英语B级考试真题和答案解析英语B级考试是一项针对非母语英语学习者的标准化测试，旨在评估考生在英语听说读写能力方面的水平。
以下是一些关于英语B级考试的真题和答案解析，希望能够帮助考生更好地准备考试。
听力部分听力部分是英语B级考试的第一部分，共有四篇听力材料，每篇材料后面有几个问题。
考生需要在听完每篇材料后选择正确的答案。
以下是一道典型的听力题目：听力材料：（播放音频）问题：What is the man's occupation?A. A teacher.B. A doctor.C. A musician.正确答案是B. A doctor.答案解析：在听力材料中，我们可以听到男子说自己是一名医生。
因此，正确答案是B。
阅读部分阅读部分是英语B级考试的第二部分，考生需要阅读一篇短文，然后回答几个问题。
以下是一道典型的阅读题目：阅读材料：（短文内容）问题：What is the main idea of the passage?A. The benefits of exercise.B. The history of basketball.C. The importance of teamwork.正确答案是C. The importance of teamwork.答案解析：通过阅读短文，我们可以得知篮球是一项需要团队合作的运动，因此，正确答案是C。
写作部分写作部分是英语B级考试的第三部分，考生需要根据要求写一篇文章。
以下是一个写作题目：题目：Describe your favorite hobby.答案解析：在写作部分，考生需要描述自己最喜欢的爱好。
可以从该爱好的起源、自己对该爱好的兴趣以及对该爱好的影响等方面进行描述。
在文章中，考生可以使用丰富的词汇和语法结构，以展示自己的英语表达能力。
口语部分口语部分是英语B级考试的最后一部分，考生需要根据要求进行口语表达。
以下是一个口语题目：题目：Describe a memorable trip you have taken.答案解析：在口语部分，考生需要描述一次难忘的旅行经历。
pet《新版1(标准版)》等级考试英语试卷test2
pet《新版1(标准版)》等级考试英语试卷test2摘要：1.考试概述2.考试内容3.考试难度4.考试建议正文：1.考试概述PET《新版1(标准版)》等级考试英语试卷test2 是针对英语学习者的一项重要考试，旨在测试学习者在英语语言能力方面的水平。
该考试涵盖了听、说、读、写四个方面，从而全面评估学习者的英语应用能力。
通过参加这项考试，学习者可以更好地了解自己的英语水平，为今后的学习和职业发展打下坚实基础。
2.考试内容PET《新版1(标准版)》等级考试英语试卷test2 的内容主要包括以下几个方面：(1) 听力部分：听力部分主要测试学习者在英语口语表达方面的能力，包括对话、短文及问题等。
(2) 口语部分：口语部分主要测试学习者在实际交流中的英语应用能力，包括情景对话、角色扮演等。
(3) 阅读部分：阅读部分主要测试学习者在英语阅读理解方面的能力，包括文章阅读、词汇理解等。
(4) 写作部分：写作部分主要测试学习者在英语书面表达方面的能力，包括情景作文、书信写作等。
3.考试难度PET《新版1(标准版)》等级考试英语试卷test2 的难度适中，既适合初学者，也适合有一定英语基础的学习者。
考试内容涵盖了日常生活、学习和工作等方面的常用英语，旨在测试学习者的实际应用能力。
4.考试建议为了在PET《新版1(标准版)》等级考试英语试卷test2 中取得好成绩，学习者可以采取以下措施：(1) 加强听说读写四个方面的训练，提高自己的综合英语应用能力。
(2) 多做模拟试题，熟悉考试题型和考试要求，增强应试能力。
(3) 注意积累词汇和语法知识，提高自己的英语基本功。
(4) 参加英语角、英语沙龙等英语学习活动，提高自己的实际交流能力。
总之，PET《新版1(标准版)》等级考试英语试卷test2 是一项重要的英语水平测试，对于学习者来说具有一定的挑战性。
剑桥英语KET考试测试题
KET考试精品测试题]Text1.完形填空In Britain, winter is the season not only for visits to the theatre, opera, concerts and ballet, but also for shopping or for sightseeing. London, one of the __1__ cities in the world, has plenty to offer during the winter months, __2__ in the way of entertainment - and the __3__ act like a magnet with __4__ array of presents for the Christmas __5__, followed by large scale bargains in the January __6__. But it's not only London that __7__ value shopping - most of our suburban and __8__ centres have just as much to offer to the __9__ shopper.Even if you're based __10__ London, you don't have to spend all your __11__ there - and that goes for all the year __12__, too. Take a train or coach and __13__ what else Britain has to offer; __14__ are many excursions, even in winter, and among the great country houses __15_ keep their stately front doors open __16__ the year are Longleat and Woburn Abbey. __17__ a car and drive __18__ into the beauty of the winter landscape - the scenery will be __19__ beautiful - and the people will have more time to chat to you __20__ this time of year.1. A.coldest B.foggiest C.busiest D.noisiest2. A.normally B.especially C.occasionally D.generally3. A.clubs B.pubs C.restaurants D.shops4. A.its B.the C.that D.their5. A.shopper B.visitor C.caller D.spender6. A.bargains B.sales C.selling D.trading7.A.opens B.presents C.grants D.offers8.A.rovincial B.national C.divisional D.international9.A.lonely B.eager zy D.nervous10.A.in B.at C.on D.outside11.A.money B.time C.energy D.holiday12.A.there B.then C.over D.round13.A.see B.watch C.look D.view14.A.they B.which C.there D.here15.A.where B.which C.what D.who16.A.for B.by C.within D.throughout17.A.Lend B.Let C.Hire D.Take18.A.out B.back C.on D.across19.A.even B.still C.yet D.ever20.A.after B.beyond C.with D.atSection III Reading Comprehension Part ARead the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by drawing a thick line across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Text2阅读理解It was a quarter past nine as Marie hurried into the office building where she was going to work. Her bus had inched along through heavy morning traffic, making her a few minutes late for her very first job. She decided to start out half an hour earlier the next day.Once inside the lobby, she had to stand at the elevators and wait several minutes before she could get on one going to the sixth floor. When she finally reached the office marked "King Enterprises," she knocked at the door nervously and waited. There was no answer. She tapped on the door again, but still there was no reply. From inside the next office, she could hear the sound of voices, so she opened the door and went in.Although she was sure it was the same office she had been in two weeks before when she had had the interview with Mr. King, it looked quite different now. In fact, it hardly looked like an office at all. The employees were just standing around chatting and smoking. At the far end of the room, somebody must have just told a good joke, she thought, because there was a loud burst of laughter as she came in. For a moment she had thought they were laughing at her.Then one of the men looked at his watch, clapped his hands and said something to the others. Quickly they all went to their desks and, in a matter of seconds, everyone was hard at work. No one paid any attention to Marie. Finally she went up to the man who was sitting at the desk nearest to the door and explained that this was her first day in the office. Hardly looking up from his work, he told her to have a seat and wait for Mr. King, who would arrive at any moment. Then Marie realised that the day's work in the office began just before Mr. King arrived. Later she found out that he lived in Connecticut and came into Manhattan on the same train every morning, arriving in the office at 9:35, so that his staff knew exactly when to start working.1. Marie felt nervous when she knocked at the door because _______.A. it was her first day in a new jobB. she was a little bit late for workC. she was afraid that she had gone to the wrong placeD. there was no answer from inside the office2. Marie could hardly recognise the office she went into as _______.[A> she had been there only once[B> Mr. King was not in the office[C> nobody was doing any work[D> the office had a new appearance3. The people in the office suddenly started working because _______.A. they saw a stranger in the officeB. they had finished their morning breakC. no one wanted to talk to MarieD. the boss was about to arrive4. We can infer from the text that the employees of the enterprise _______.A. would start their work by listening to a jokeB. were cold to newcomersC. were always punctual for workD. lacked devotion to the company5. The best title for this text would be _______.A. Punctual Like A ClockB. A Cold WelcomeC. An Unpunctual ManagerD. Better Late Than Never授课提要：一、KET考试介绍：1、KET，全称“Key English Test”，是剑桥英语初级考试，是英国剑桥大学研发的考试系统，有高度的权威性，所覆盖的基础知识面极广，对提高学生的英语综合应用能力有很重要的意义。
小学英语课程标准试题-附答案(五套)
小学英语新课程标准测试题（一）学校姓名一、填空题（30 分）1、语言技能主要包括_听、说、读、写等四个方面的技能以及这些技能的综合运用。
2、英语语言知识主要含：语音、词汇、_语法_、功能和话题。
3、整个基础教育阶段的英语课程（包括义务教育和高中两个阶段）按照能力水平分为九_ 个级别，二_级为6 年级结束时应达到的基本要求。
4、英语学习具有明显的渐进性和持续性特点。
5、语言技能一级目标中说唱要求的第一个要求是_能根据录音模仿说话_。
6、学生是学习的主体也是评价的主体。
7、义务教育阶段的英语课程具有_工具性_和_人文性_双重性质。
8、教材编写应体现以下四个原则：思想性原则、_科学性原则_、趣味性原则、_灵活性原则_。
9、课程资源开发与利用建议：开发与利用教材资源；开发与利用学校资源；开发与利用网络资源；开发与利用_学生_ 资源。
10、英语课程的评价要尽可能做到评价主体的多元化，评价形式和内容的多样化，评价目标的多维化。
11、评价体系包括_形成性评价_和终结性评价。
12、评价要_服务教学_、反馈教学、促进教学。
13、综合语言运用能力的形成建立在语言技能、_语言知识、文化意识、情感态度和学习策略和等方面整体发展的基础之上。
14、形成性评价可采用多种方式，如测试与非测试、教师评价、_个人评价_与学生互评相结合等。
15、义务教育阶段英语课程应面向全体学生，体现以学生为主体的思想，在教学目标、教学内容、教学过程、教学评价和教学资源的利用与开发等方面都应考虑全体学生的发展需求。
二、多选题（20 分）（）1. 综合语言运用能力包括：A.语言技能B.情感态度C.教学评价D.学习策略E.文化意识（）2.英语作为全球使用最广泛的语言之一，已经成为的重要工具。
A.文化意识B.国际交往C.科技交流D.文化交流（）3.英语教材是指英语教学中使用的教科书以及与之配套使用的A.练习册B.录像带C.挂图D.教学实物E.计算机软件（）4.平时的教学要避免的倾向，特别要避免采用题海战术干扰正常教学的做法。
小学英语口语考试
小学英语口语考试篇一：小学英语口语测试题试题一：一、请大声读出下列字母（读对一个记1分）：Aa Dd Ii Kk Ee二、请大声读出下列单词（读对一个记2分）：foot doll book mother hair三、请大声读出下列句子或对话：（读对一个记2.5分）1、Hello! My name is Anne. Nice to meet you!2、What’s this?It’s a cow.试题二：一、请大声读出下列字母（读对一个记1分）：Bb Hh Mm Ll Cc二、请大声读出下列单词(读对一个记2分）： pencil duck eye girl doctor三、请大声读出下列句子或对话：（读对一个记2.5分）1、Hello! My name is Peter. How are you?2、Touch your head.试题三：一、请大声读出下列字母（读对一个记1分）：CcEe FfGgJj二、请大声读出下列单词（读对一个记2分）：grandfather boy nose ruler pig三、请大声读出下列句子或对话：（读对一个记2.5分）1、Hello! My name is Lingling,2、Is he a soldier? Yes, he is .试题一：一、大声读出下列单词：（读对一个记1分）bed table milk on sister homework are flag jump swim二、用英语从一数到十（读对一个记0.5分）三、大声读出下列句子或对话（读对一个记2.5分）1、Look at that elephant. It’s big.2、I like biscuits and bread.试题二：一、大声读出下列单词（读对一个记1分）big chair small rice under boat elephant where flower bird二、用英语从一数到十（读对一个记0.5分）三、大声读出下列句子或对话（读对一个记2.5分）1、What’s that? It’s a flag.2、Here you are, Peter. Thank you , Miss Li.试题三：一、大声读出下列单词（读对一个记1分）bread brother eggdoor tigerrun in bag monkey fly二、用英语从一数到十（读对一个记0.5分）三、大声读出下列句子或对话（读对一个记2.5分）1、Are you soldiers? Yes, we’re soldiers.2、I like flowers.试题一：一、大声读出下列单词或词组：（读对一个记1分）watertomorrow shopthat you get upfather my please friend二、大声读出下列句子或对话（读对一个记2.5分）1、Can I help you? I’d like some cakes.2、Do you want some rice? Yes, please.3、Can I borrlw a pencil? Yes, here you are.4、I like reading. 试题二：一、大声读出下列单词（读对一个记1分）your teacher supper long her lunch home English story ice-cream二、大声读出下列句子或对话（读对一个记2.5分）1、Can I help you? I’d like som e buns.2、Do you want some soup? Yes, please.3、Can I borrlw a ruler? Yes, here you are.4、I like sweets.试题三：一、大声读出下列单词（读对一个记1分）go to bedlike me rabbit have Chinese they thin short him二、大声读出下列句子或对话（读对一个记2.5分）1、Can I help you? I’d like a cold drink.2、Do you want some rice? Yes, please.3、Can I borrlw a book? Yes, here you are.4、I like roller-blading.试题一：一、大声读出下列单词（读对一个记1分）car age family monkey open heavy swing bench always miss二、大声读出下列句子或对话（读对一个记2.5分）1、Lingling is sitting on a bench.2、He is going to pick up a stone.3、These horns are too big.4、Let’s go to the library.试题二：一、大声读出下列单词（读对一个记1分）cry angry phone meet room library them tea shout never二、大声读出下列句子或对话（读对一个记2.5分）1、Mingming is sitting on a swing.2、He is going to throw the stone at the tiger.3、The children are playing noisily.4、Let’s go to the shopping center. 试题三：一、大声读出下列单词（读对一个记1分）bike doctor late grapegarden tall world stone pick pass二、大声读出下列句子或对话（读对一个记2.5分）1、Dongdong is not listening.2、She is going to shout at Dongdong.3、Lingling and Dongdong are playing in the living room.4、Let’s go to the park.篇二：小学英语口语测试常用题目一、询问姓名、年龄等1．What‘s your name? What’s your English name?My name is … My English name is…2．What’s your mother’s name? Her name is…..How long have you learned English?Six years.3. What’s your father’s name? His name is…4．What Grade/Class are you in?I’m in GradeSix/Class….5．What/Which school are you from? I’m from Shiyan Xiaoxue.6． Where are you from? /Where do you e from?I’m from Pingyuan.I e from Pingyu an.7．Are you from Wangmiao ?Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.8．How are you? I’m fine, thank you.9．How old are you ? I’m 12.10. How old is your father/mother? He/She is 36.11． How many people are there in your family? There are 3 Who are they? They are my father, my mother and I.12.How many bananas are there in the picture?How many days are there in a week?How many hands do you have?13．Do you often go to the zoo? No, I don’t.14. What colour do you like? I likered/pink/green/black.15. What colour is i t? It’s red/pink/green/black.16. What colour are they? They arered/yellow/blue/pink/orange/green/purple.17． Which do you like best, blue, green or purple? Blue.18． Do you like your mother? Yes, I do.19． Do you like your school? Yes, I do. Why? Because it is beautiful.20． Can you play the piano? Yes, I can.二、询问天气、时间等1. What day is it today?Today is Monday/ Tuesday/ Wednesday/ Thursday/ Friday/Saturday/Sunday.2. What’s the weather like today? It’s sunny/ rainy/ cloudy/ windy.3. What time do you often get up?I often get up at six.4. What time do you have breakfast/lunch? I have breakfast/lunch at seven/12.5. When do you go to school? I go to school at seven.6. How do you go to school?I go to school by bike/on foot.7. Where did you go last Sunday?I went to thepark/zoo/supermarket.8. What time is it?/What’s the time? It’s 9:21.三、询问运动、食物、颜色等1. What’s your favourite animal/colour/ food?My favourite animal/colour/ food is a cat/red/a hot dog.2. What animal don’t you like? I don’t like a dog.3. What food you don’t like?I don’t like eggs.4. Do you like playing football?Yes, I do/No, I don’t.5. Do you like Yao Ming?Yes, I do/No, I don’t.Why? Because he can play basketball very well./He is too tall.6. Do you like sports? Yes, I do.What’s you r favorite sport? My favourite sport is playing football.7. Do you like basketball?Yes, I do/No, I don’t.8. What color is your shirt? It’s red.9. What do you like to eat?I like to eat hot dog.10. What did you have for breakfast/lunch/dinner?I had milk and eggs./I had fish and meat.四、询问爱好、宠物等1. Do you like English book? Yes, I do/No, I don’t.3. Do you have a pet? Yes, I have/No, I haven’t .4. Do you have a cat or a dog? I have a cat.5. What do you like ? I like reading and watching TV.6. What’s your hobby? I like dancing/reading/playing basketball.7. What do you want to be? I want to be teacher.8. Do you like banana? Yes, I do/No, I don’t.Do you eat banana every day? Yes, I do/No, I don’t.9. What’s your mother’s job?/ What is your mother?/ What does yourmother do?She is a doctor/teacher/nurse.10. Do you like a sunny day or a rainy day? I like a rainy day.Why? Because I like to play in the rain.11. Do you like summer or winter?I like summer becauseI can go swimming.五、口语测试1.Who is the tallest in your class?2.Is today hot?3. Who’s your maths teacher?4.Who is your favourite teacher? Why?5.What’s this /in English?6.Nice to meet you!7.What are you going to do after school?8.Can you spell your name?I’m going to….. / I want to……9.Who’s your English teacher?/ What does he/ she like?10.Is it a book?/ Is it a pen?11.Which season do you like best? Why?12.What can you do at home?13.How many desks/windows are there in the room?14.What would you like for breakfast/lunch/dinner?15.When is your birthday/your mother’s birthday/your father’s birthday?16.What do you do on the weekend?17.What colours do you know? What’s your favorite color?18.What’s your mother/father like?19.How many days are there in a week/month/year?篇三：小学英语口语考试真题【真题01】Do you like to go to the zoo or the aquarium?In my opinion I like to go to the zoo better than the aquarium. The reasons why I like to go to the zoo are as follows:Firstly, I like animals very much and if I go to the zoo I can see many different animals. Among all these animals I like tigers and lions best.Secondly, I can see many animal shows in the zoo such as dolphin shows and elephant shows. I enjoy them very much.Last but not least, in the zoo, I can feed some of the animals by myself. But in the aquarium I can only see them through the glass and the aquarium is often very crowded. In short, these are the reasons why I like to go to the zoo better.【真题02】What is your favorite cartoon star?In my opinion, I like Mickey Mouse best. The reasons why I consider Mickey Mouse as my favorite cartoonstar are as follows:Firstly, I think Mickey Mouse is very cute and smart. He has two big ears and two black eyes.Secondly, Mickey Mouse is always very helpful and kind. He always helps others a lot. He is also very kind to others.Last but not least, I can see Mickey Mouse in the Disney Land and play with him. I feel very happy when I am playing with him.In general, these are the reasons why I like Mickey Mouse best.【真题03】Why do you study English so hard?The reasons that I study English so hard could be many, among which, the most important ones would be the followings:First, English is the most widely used language, most information was written and said in this language, if I study hard, I could get more information.Last but not the least, only if I work hard enough, I could learn it well, as I always believe, no pain, no gain!Those are the main reasons why I study English so hard.【真题04】Do you want to go to Disney Wonderland? Why?Yes, I really want to go to Disney Wonderland because of the following three reasons: Firstly, there are somany roller coasters in it and it must be an exciting experience.Secondly, I can take photos with those famous cartoon people, such as Mickey and Minnie.Last but not least, I can watch 3D movies. I plan togo to Disney Wonderland with myparents next year.【真题05】Describe your favorite teacher.Among all the teachers, I like my Chinese teacher, Ms Sun very much. She is thirty-six years old and she is neither tall nor short. Ms Sun works very hard. She is always the first to e and the last to leave her office. She tries to make her classes lively and interesting. Besides, Ms Sun is very kind and friendly to us.We’re getting along well with each other. Ms Sun teaches us so well that we all enjoy learning Chinese. All the students think she is one of the most popular teachers in our school.【真题06】What’s your plan for summer vacation?I have the following three plans for the summer vacation:First, I’d like to travel to the nati onal capital---Beijing. I want to visit the places of interest suchas Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the Palace Museum. In addition, I hope to witness the preparation of the 2008 Olympic Games.Secondly, I would like to improve my oral English by attending the summer English courses.Last but not least, I will spend my time learning swimming. With these plans, I believe my summer vacation will be rich and colorful.【真题07】Do you prefer entertainments or news programs?In my opinion, I prefer news programs to entertainments. The reasons why I like news programs better are:First, new programs can give us a lot of information or news from many aspects. We can know many different kinds of information and knowledge from the news programs.Second, I would like to listen to some English news programs because it can practice our listening a lot. Also we can learn a lot of new and useful words from English news programs,Last but not least, news programs can make us know a lot of things happened every day. It can keep us in touch with the society.In short, these are the reasons why I prefer news programs a lot.【真题08】Which homework helps you most, why or why not?In my opinion English homework helps me the most. The reason why I think English homework helps me the most is as follows; English bees more and more important and helpful in our daily life. So we must try our best to learn English very well. A basic way to learn English well is the knowledge from the teacher. So it can help us improve ourEnglish. If you want to improve your English, you must do its homework very well and hand in it on time. That’s why I consider English homework as the most helpful homework.【真题09】Do you like to play first or do homework first after work?In my opinion, I would like to do homework first. The major reasons why I would like to do the homeworkfirst are:First, as a student, homework is more important than play. Homework should be put in advance. We should always do homework on time and carefully.Second, if you play first, you are easy to get tired and can not do homework very well. And you are easy to forget some homework if you play something very excitedly and happily. Last but not least, if you do the homework first and finish it on time, you can play without worries.In short, these are the major reasons why I would like to do the homework first after school.【真题10】Who is your favorite sportsman? Which sportsman do you admire (like) most?The sportsman I admire most is Liu Xiang. He was the champion of the 110-meter hurdles at the Olympic Games. He is now the most famous athletes in the world. I admire Liu Xiang very much because he is the honor of China and Asia. He represents the strength of our country and builds a new image of Chinese and Asian people. In addition, he can sing very well and he is a very interesting and warm-hearted person.【真题11】When you are sad, who do you want to talk to?When I am sad, I would like to talk to my good friends.I think we are in the same ages so we always have the similar opinions and ideas on something. When I am sad, I think they can help me with the problems I have. They will try to help me solve these problems or difficulties and give me some suggestions. I think as friends, we must help each other and make each other happy. Of course, when they are sad, I will certainly talk to them and try to help them. That’s why I would like to talk to my friends when I am sad.【真题12】Are you interested in taking pictures?Yes, I’m interested in taking pictures. When thereare some important events in the life, such as somebody’s birthday, we take pictures record the happy time. When we travel, we take pictures to record the beautiful scenery. Taking pictures can help uskeep the good memories. When we get older, we can have a look at pictured and recall our wonderful moments when we are young. I like it very much because it makes our life better.【真题13】How to keep the classroom clean?As a student, keep our classroom clean is our responsibility. We can do the following things to keep it tidy:Firstly, we are not allowed to throw the rubbish anywhere in the classroom. We should put it into the rubbish bin.Secondly, we shouldn’t draw or write on the desks and walls. If someone does it, we should stop him or her.Last but not least, we should clean the classroom everyday such the windows and mop the floor.In general, these are the things that we can do to keep our classroom clean.【真题14】Do you like to eat at home or eat outside?In my opinion, I like to eat outside better than at home. The reasons why I like to eat outside are as follows:Firstly, it is very convenient to eat outside. Idon’t have to do the washing after the meal. Secondly, I can eat many kinds of delicious food outside in the restaurant such as Italian food and Korean food.Last but not least, it saves me a lot of time if I eat outside and the environment is usually very good.In general, these are the major reasons why I like to eat outside better.【真题15】How do you like studying Chinese ?/What do you think of studying Chinese?I think studying Chinese is very interesting and important. I like it very much because of thefollowing three reasons:First, Chinese is our own language. Second, it is spoken by largest number of people. Third, it contains a lot of cultures and 5000 years history of our country. Last but not least, I have a very kind and friendly Chinese teacher. She makes her classes lively and interesting.As I have said, studying Chinese is so interesting and important and we should study it hard.【真题16】Do you like go shopping with your mother?In my opinion, I don’t like go shopping with my mother. The reasons why I don’t go shopping with my mother are as follows:First, my mother and I always have different opinions and ideas on many things such asclothes and shoes. For example, I like blue things and she doesn’t like it.Second, I think shopping with my mother will cost more time than shopping with my friends. Because she likes to see a lot of things which we will not buy at all, and she always walks very slowly.Last but not least, personally I don’t like shopping in the department store because it is usually very crowded and full of people. I like to buy things on the net better.In short, those are the major reasons why I don’tlike go shopping with my mother.【真题17】What makes you sad?Failing in the exam makes me sad. My reasons are as follows:Firstly, if I don’t pass the exam, my parents will feel unhappy and disappointed.Secondly, exam is very important because it canreflect whether you have mastered the knowledge well.Last but not least, if I pass the exam, my parentswill take me to the Disneyland. But failing the exam make me lose chance.In a word, I must study very hard to pass the next exam.【真题18】What’s the difference between mammals and other animals.There are a few differences between mammals and other animals.Firstly, the important traits of mammals are that they don’t lay eggs. Most mammals give birth to their babies.Secondly, mammals are warm-blooded.Thirdly, mammals have fur and hair.In my opinion, these are the main differences between mammals and other animals.【真题19】Describe the elephant.Elephants have big ears and long noses. We can see them in the zoos. They have good memories, which help them find food and water and avoid dangers at the same time. They can walk as fast as 20 miles per hour, but they can not run. They take showers and drink water with their noses. They are our friends and we should protect them.【真题20】Do you like KFC, why or why not?In fact, I don’t like KFC. The major reasons why I don’t like KFC are:First, I think KFC is a little bit expensive to me. It is cheaper if I eat Chinese food like dumplings and noodles.。
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语言测试理论（Language Assessment）：英语语言测试是语言教学中不可分割的环节, 是教学的指挥棒。
英语语言测试有分类、信度、效度、可行性、难度、区分度等基本理论。
语言测试应促进语言教学。
一、引言定义（definition）:Anastasi (1982)认为“测试实质上是对受试者的某种能力所做的客观的标准化测量”。
Carroll (1968: 6)则认为测试是一套程序,旨在诱发受试者的行为反应, 并以此推导出他的相关特征(a procedure designed to elicit certain behavior from which one can make inferences about certain characteristics of an individual)。
语言测试是语言教学中不可分割的环节, 测试内容和形式常常会对教学内容和方法起反拨作用(胡春洞, 1990:247)。
如何使英语测试促进英语教学是一个值得探讨的问题。
二、英语语言测试理论(一)英语语言测试类型Hughes(1989:9-19)依据测试目的、测试方法和方式、测试题型、测试成绩判别标准和判卷标准进行分类, 将英语测试分为五大类。
1.依据测试目的进行分类( 1 )水平测试(proficiency test)语言水平测试是为了测试人们语言能力而设计的。
设计者不管被试学了多长时间。
也不考虑他们所学课程内容或目标，而是测试被试是否达到某种语言水平。
如TOEFL, GRE, 大学英语四六级、等都属于水平测试。
其目的是为了检测被试者是否能够胜任某项学习任务或是否能够胜任某项工作。
( 2 )学业成绩测试(achievement test)学业成绩测试是用来考查被试在学习英语某一阶段或最终阶段的成功程度。
与所学课程直接相关，目的是看学习者通过特定课程本身内容的学习之后是否取得了预想的进步和效果，以及达到特定教学目标。
学业成绩测试可以依据课程内容或教材内容设计，也可依据课程目标设计。
学业成绩测试包含期末考试(final achievement tests) 和阶段性测试(progress achievement tests) (Hughes,1989:10)。
（3）诊断测试（diagnostic test）:诊断测试是用来鉴别学生的优势和不足之处，用来确定什么样的教学是必要的。
（因材施教，对症下药）（4）能力测试（aptitude test）能力测试不以任何教学大纲为基础，目的在于检验测试者是否具备了学习某种语言的潜力。
2.依据测试方法和方式进行分类(束定芳,1996:179-181)(1)直接测试(direct testing)直接考察学生某一方面语言能力的测试称为直接测试。
我们要了解学生的作文能力就要求学生写出一、二篇作文;我们要测试学生的语音语调，就要求学生开口讲话。
直接测试的好处:①测试目的明确; ②对测试结果的评估也比较直接; ③因为所测试的内容正是我们所要培养的技能, 其正面反拨作用(positive backwash)十分显著。
(2)间接测试(indirect testing)间接测试即通过测试某一技能所具备某种能力来发现学生这方面的语言能力。
间接测试的优点是提供了一种通过测试部分有限的能力而了解到学生各种不同的语言能力。
间接测试的缺点是学生测试结果与实际能力之间的关系并不十分明确。
如通过要求学生判断某对单词是否同韵来测试学生的发音能力就属于间接测试。
Hughes认为,就水平测试和学业成绩测试来说直接测试比间接测试好，所获取的对某种能力的信息要比间接测试精确和可靠。
直接测试也比间接测试试题更容易设计。
3.依据测试题型进行分类(束定芳,1996:181)分散点测试指每次只测试一个项目的测试,每道试题只测试某一特定的语法结构等，属于间接测试。
如教师围绕状语从句虚拟语气用法编写30道选择题进行测试，这种测试就属于分散点测试。
（专（单）项测试）4.依据测试成绩判别标准进行分类(束定芳,1996:181-182)(1)常模参考型测试(norm-referenced testing)把某一考生考试的结果与参与同一考试的考生成绩相比较以判别其语言能力的测试叫常模参考型测试。
如参加考试的考生有100人,考生A只考了30分(满分100),但排名前十,说明考生A的语言能力在100人的群体中属于优秀。
(2)标准参考型测试(criterion-referenced testing)以某种特定的语言能力标准作为判别标准的测试称为标准参考测试。
标准参考型测试有两大优点:①标准不变,主要要求学生能达到某一标准;②考生可以有明确的奋斗目标,为达到这一标准而努力。
5.依据判卷标准进行分类(束定芳,1996:182)(1)客观测试(objective testing)阅卷标准事先确定不需任何阅卷者个人主观判断,这种测试称为客观性测试。
如多项选择题,从四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,阅卷标准无须阅卷者做任何主观判断,这样的测试就属于客观测试。
(2)主观测试(subjective testing)Proceeding from or taking place within a person's mind such as to be unaffected by the external world.主观的：不受外部世界影响而来自于某人头脑中的或发生于某人头脑中的阅卷标准主要依据阅卷者个人判断,这种测试称为主观测试,如作文、简答题等就属于主观测试。
(二)测试基本要素：效度效度是一个单一而又整体的概念(a single, unitary concept) (Bachman,1990: 241)，是指测试的内容及其方式是否符合测试的目的和要求。
(胡春洞,1990:258) 即测试所能取得某些目标的有效程度(章兼中,1993:411)。
一项测试只有能够准确测试它所希望测试的内容才具有效度。
1.内容效度(content validity)内容效度指测试内容。
包括所要测试的语言技能、语言结构等方面有代表性的要素（知识点）。
内容效度越高就越能精确了解到所要测试的内容。
2.标准效度(criterion-related validity)标准效度是指测试结果与其它高信度测试结果进行对比,看它们在多大程度上吻合。
作为对比的其他测试结果就成了检验现有测试的效度标准。
这种测试的效度就称为标准效度。
标准效度主要包括同期效度(concurrent validity)和预测效度(predictive validity)。
同期效度是指测试效度可与一个较长、较全面的测试结果相对比,如果结果相一致,则被认为具有同期效度。
预测效度是指预测被测试未来语言实际能力的准确程度。
三、英语语言测试实践存在的问题笔者根据自身实践和观察,认为当前英语测试中仍然存在如下四方面的问题。
(一)英语测试类型混用在英语教学中由于教师缺乏英语语言测试理论,英语测试实践中出现测试类型使用混乱的现象。
如教师在编写英语期末试卷时,完全采用了江苏省英语应用能力考试试卷,未加任何修改。
殊不知英语课程的期末考试属于学业成绩考试,而江苏省英语应用能力考试属于水平测试。
期末考试目的是了解学生一学期所学英语语言知识和技能掌握的情况,所取得的进步。
期末考试应与所学课程内容和要求紧密结合。
而等级考试反映的是学生英语水平,与学生本学期英语课程所学内容无关。
(二)英语测试信度、效度偏低信度和效度是大学英语成绩测试应具备的两个质量特征,信度涉及测试结果的稳定性和可靠性,即测试是否对学生的语言水平提供可靠的度量,效度则涉及测试的有效性,即一套训练题所考的是否就是设计人想要考的内容。
作为衡量学生英语水平的一种尺度,考试本身必须可靠有效。
信度、效度和可行性是语言测试的三个根本问题,其中效度最为重要,因为效度是语言测试的基本出发点(杨惠中,1998:55)。
信度则是效度的前提条件。
信度(reliability)是指测试分数的稳定性和一致性程度,它所回答的主要问题是:考生的成绩在多大程度上可信?效度(validity) 由于缺乏对测试的信度和效度了解,大多数英语教师在编写试题过程中忽略信度和效度，造成测试的效度低且信度也很低。
如期末考试由于选用水平测试，节省教师编制试题的时间和财力，测试的可行性得到保证。
但由于考试内容与学生本阶段英语学习毫无关系，考试结果无法准确反映学生一学期所学英语知识和技能掌握情况，因此考试效度很低。
同时,由于教师采用英语水平等级考试试题，引起学生猜题或押题，有的学生可能以前做过类似的试卷，测试的信度大大打折扣。
四、如何使英语测试服务于英语教学一份好的测试应遵循一定效度、信度和可行性以及良好的反拨作用。
根据以上对测试实践中存在问题的分析，英语教学中应从如下三方面使英语测试促进英语教学，使其成为英语教学的有机组成部分。
(一)加强英语教师测试理论学习通过教师自学、专家讲座、教学研讨等多种形式加强英语语言测试理论学习,让每位教师熟练掌握测试类型、测试目的、测试效度、信度、可行性、区分度、难度、编写试题步骤等基本理论。
在英语教学中针对不同测试目的采用不同测试，科学运用英语测试(positive backwash)，发挥英语测试的正面反拨作用,促进英语教学。
(二)通过多种途径提高测试信度如何提高测试信度是语言测试实践中的难题。
Hughes(1989:36～42)提出14种提高测试信度的办法，其中六种方法应引起英语教师重视。
1.确保测试内容丰富。
测试内容越多，信度越高。
当然鉴于测试的可行性，一般重要的考试时间控制在两小时左右。
如果测试结果非常重要，测试内容和时间就可相应加长，如TOEFL, GRE等。
2.限制被试答题范围。
不同作文考核被试侧重点不同，如果写作提供多个作文题目，且对内容不加规定或限制，测试被试写作能力的信度就会降低。
五、结论Hughes(1989:1-2,44-48)指出语言测试会对语言教与学产生影响，这种影响可能是有益的，也可能是有害的。
教学与测试关系应该是伙伴关系。
测试对好的教学发挥促进作用,，对不好的教学发挥纠正作用。
作为英语教师只有掌握英语测试的理论，才能避免英语测试类型混用，通过多种途径提高测试的信度和效度，兼顾难度和区分度，充分发挥英语测试对英语教学的正面反拨作用，使英语测试真正服务于英语教学。
参考文献:[1]胡春洞.英语教学法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1990.[2]束定芳.现代外语教学——理论、实践与方法[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1996.[3]章兼中.外语教育学[M].浙江:浙江教育出版社,1993.11.6 测试（英语语言学教程）2010-03-13 10:50测试我们提到两种评估办法：外部评估和内部评估。