西南地区考古文献外文翻译

Recent Developments in the Archaeology of Southwestern China

AliceYao（Department of Anthropology,University of Toronto, Mississauga, Room 212 North Building,3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6,Canada e-mail: alice.yao@utoronto.ca）

Archaeological Research,2010,Volume 18,number3,Pages 203-239

Published on line:5 February 2010

SpringerScience+BusinessMedia,LLC2010

中国西南地区考古的近期成就

考古学研究，2010，第18册，第3期，203—239页

AliceYao（人类学系，多伦多大学，米西索加市，北楼212房，3359米西索加市北路e-mail: alice.yao@utoronto.ca）

Abstract：

Archaeology of ancient China’s peripheryhas traditionally been examined through the historiographic lens of Chinese textual sources.Social developments in the periphery are often explained in relation to accounts of migration from”core”regions of China.Setting conventional paradigms and textual sources aside,this article examines prehistoric developments in southwestern China in conjunction with broader trends in Southeast Asia.This comparative approach reveals that the development of bronze metallurgy in southwestern China parallels trends observed among Neolithic communities in Southeast ing recent data and a reassessment of radiocarbon dates for the Bronze Age,I propose that sociopolitical complexity emerged in southwestern China as part of a multiregional

phenomenon that had its beginning with the formalization of trade networks

during the Neolithic period.

Keywords: China Neolithic BronzeAge Dianculture SoutheastAsia

Dong Son culture

摘要：

传统地，关于古代中国偏远地区的考古学研究是透过中国文本资源的史学镜头来审视的。在边远地区的社会发展经常被解释在一些与从中国“核心”地区的迁移状况有关的描述中。抛开传统范式和文本来源，这篇文章结合在东南亚更广泛的趋势来调查中国西南地区的始前发展情况。这个比较的方法表明中国西南地区青铜冶铸的发展情况，在与新石器时代东南亚的平行趋势观察中。运用对青铜器时代最新数据和放射性碳的重新评估，我认为社会政治复杂性出现在中国西南地区，作为在新石器时代与贸易网络的形式相伴而生的跨地区现象的一部分。

关键词：中国新时期时代青铜时代滇文化东南亚侗族文化Introduction 简介

In the last 20years,a wealth of archaeological discoveries and research in China has demonstrated the relevance of Chinese materials to the comparative study of ancient civilizations.Northern China,in particular the Central Plains,has played an increasingly prominent role in this international forum due to its traditional consideration as the heartland of Chinese civilization.Scholars in regions outside China’s core also have tried to take advantage of this momentum,unfortunately often following a regionalist paradigm that prioritizes their own region’s contributions to the grand narrative of Chinese”national culture”over research(Falkenha1995,p.211).

在过去20年，在中国考古发现和研究中的一个巨大财富，与古代文明的比

较研究证明了中国材料的相关性。出于对传统的考虑，中国北方,尤其是中原地区,作为中国传统文明的中心地带在这次的国际论坛中起到了与日俱增的重要作用。中国核心地区以外的学者也试图利用这一势头，不幸的是，经常跟随一地方主义范式——对于中国的“民族文化”的过度研究的宏大叙事优先作为他们自己的地区贡献(Falkenha1995,p.211)。

For areas culturally and geographically far removed from central China,participation in this national and global discourse is not tenable(Shelach 1999,p.53).Nowhere is this more apparent than along China’s periphery,especially in regions ocupied primarily by non-Han ethnic groups:InnerMongolia,Xinjiang,Qinghai,Ningxia,Tibet,Yunnan,Guizhou,and Guangxi.Though archaeological materials in these regions have previously been used to buttress a rhetoric of multicultural unity(Fiskesjo2006;Leibold 2006),current work is gradually attempting more anthropologically oriented programs focused on local trajectories.

对于那些在文化和地理上远离中国中心的地区，参加这个民族和全球化的讨论是不会没有立足之地的(Shelach 1999,p.53)。没有什么地区比中国的边远地区更加突出，尤其是在那些主要被非汉族占据的地区：内蒙古、新疆、青海、宁夏、西藏、云南、贵州和广西。尽管这些地区的考古材料先前已经被用来支持一个多元文化统一的言论（Fiskesjo2006;Leibold 2006)，目前的工作是逐渐地尝试更多地从社会学的角度研究以当地轨迹为焦点的方案计划。在中国西南地区，在政治日益开放的背景下，这个有关考古学的转换的方法正在形成。

In southwestern China,this transformative approach to archaeology is occurring in a context of increasing political openness.Here I aim to integrate archaeological research in the region from the1960s to 2007 into a study of sociopolitical formations that occur in”nonpristine”contexts and under the influence of expanding states as well as competing neighbors.By