fast reading(1)
Unit 1 (1)
授课课题Unit 1 An Impressive English Lesson: Lead in, Fast reading and Structure analysis教学目标和要求Knowledge Objective:Ss are required to learn expressions about language learning.Ability Objective:1. Ss are able to tell the main idea of the passage.2. Ss are able to talk how to learn English well.Moral Objective:Ss are expected to realize the importance of grammar and vocabulary.教学重点和难点Teaching Key Points:1. Ss are able to talk about language learning.2. Understanding of the text structure and main idea of the passage; Teaching Difficult Points:Some expressions and sentence structures.授课类型☑理论课□实验（训）课□混合型课□习题课□其它授课时间第2周课时累计 4教学过程设计时间分配Period 1Step1 Video Watching & Warming-up activities1.Watch the video about the three professor’s teaching style and answer the question: Which style impressed you most?2.Discuss the following questions:1)What are the key factors that help people learn English as a foreign language?2)Do you have any problem in English learning?3)Do you think grammar is important in English learning?3. Listen to a talk about an English learner’s learning experience and fill in the blank in each sentence based on what you hear.1)Michal started learning English by listening to the Beatles.2) Michal feels delighted and proud when he listens to the Beatles because he can understand a lot better.3)Besides listening to English songs, Michal also reads science fiction books in English. 10 mins 10 mins 10 mins4)Michal made a great breakthrough in learning the English language after successfully finishing reading the first English book.5) According to Michal, English learning brings him satisfaction and pleasure.3.Listen to the talk again and discuss the questions.1)How does Michal learn English?2)In your opinion, what is the most effective way to learn English?Step 2 Understanding the text1.Ask students to do fast reading and try to answer the questions in Exercise 1on page 9.2.Ask students to discuss the questions in groups.Period 23. Check students’ fast reading:1) Why does the son think that his father is a tedious oddity?Because he is tired of listening to his father and he is not interested in grammar rules.2)How do you understand the sentence”The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture were captured in a condensed non-statement”(Para.4)?The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture are so marvelous and remarkable that they should be described at least in a brief account; however, what the student could do was only one single utterance:”Whoa!”without any specific comment.3) Why does the author think that students’ language deficits should be blamed on schools?Because the schools fail to set high standards of language proficiency. They only teach a little grammar and less advanced vocabulary. And the younger teachers themselves have little knowledge of the vital structures of language. 4) Why does the author say that the work of teaching grammar must be handled 15 mins 15 minsdelicately?Because teaching grammar is not an easy job and most of the students will easily get bored if it’s not properly dealt with.5) What does the father teach the son while giving him a grammar lesson?He familiarized his son with different parts of speech in a sentence and discussed their specific grammatical functions including how to use adverbs to describe verbs.6) Why does the son feel curious about what his father said?Because the son had never heard about the various names and functions of words in an English sentence before.7) What are the two things that the author uses to describe grammar and vocabulary?The author uses “road map”and “car”to describe grammar and vocabulary. Here, “road map”is considered as grammar and “car”as vocabulary. 8)How do you understand the interjection “whoa!’said by the father toward the end of the text?Since the subjunctive mood his sun used is an advanced grammar structure, the interjection “whoa!”reflects the tremendous pride the father and toward his son; it also reflects the author’s humor in using the word because it was once used by his students, though in two different situations and with two different feelings.4.Main ideas of the partsThis passage is a narrative that talks about the author’s personal experience in giving an effective English lesson to his son. He states that students can learn better if they are properly taught.Part I (Paras. 1- 5)The background of the storyThe author is absorbed in grammar;The author was shocked by his student’s inability to describe properly her trip to Europe;Students should not be blamed for these knowledge deficits.Part II (Paras. 6-13) BodyExplains why students shouldn’t be blamed for their language deficiency by providing two reasons and one example. 10 mins 15 mins教学过程设计时间分配Elaborates the importance of grammar and vocabulary in learning English.Part III (Paras. 14-17)Narrates another incident where his son unconsciously uttered a grammaticallyperfect sentence with a subjunctive mood, which made the author so proud of hisson.Step 3 SummaryAn Impressive English Lesson5 mins This passage is a narrative that talks about the author’s personal experience ingiving an effective English lesson to his son. He states that students can learnbetter if they are properly taught.To my son, I am a tedious oddity: a father he is obliged to listen to and a manabsorbed in the rules of grammar. And I got serious about this because my studentwas unable to describe properly her feeling on her excursion to Europe.作业布置1. Preview the new words on P5-8.2.Task 3 on page 9.教学小结。
外研必修第一册U6_Developing_ideas_andPresenting_ideas教学设计
Unit 6 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas名师教学设计●课时内容：本课时主要介绍了人们对园艺的热爱。
园艺种植不仅能美化环境，收获果实，更能让人回归大自然，感受生命成长的喜悦！通过阅读文章，让学生了解英国人对自己私人花园的热爱和利用，对园艺种植的热衷。
此外，通过阅读，让学生学会理解主旨和要义，锻炼学生的归纳总结能力，并学会处理和获取细节信息，有时可以直接从文章中获取，有时则需要进行归纳、概括和推断后才能得到。
基于英语学科必备知识、关键能力、学科素养及核心价值命制，突出基础性、综合性、应用性和创新性的考查。
●课时目标：1.掌握并记忆本课时的重点词汇publish, expert, rent, limited, benefit, in any doubt, a variety of, have a positive effect on, give sb. a helping hand及句型的用法，并能熟练运用。
2.通过阅读文章，查找细节内容，学会归纳总结、提炼文章主旨，培养学生分析问题、解决问题的能力。
3.通过学习文章，让学生了解园艺种植，热爱大自然，拥抱大自然。
●重点难点：重点：学会并掌握重点词汇publish，expert，limited，rent，benefit，in any doubt，a variety of，have a positive effect on，give sb.a helping hand及句型的用法，并能熟练运用。
难点：通过整体阅读，获取文章主旨大意和关键信息，进一步提升学生的阅读理解水平。
●教学准备：教师准备：做好该部分内容的PPT；准备好该部分的音频材料。
学生准备：1.用简短的英语描述自己理想中的花园。
2.上网查资料：了解园艺种植的相关知识。
教学过程：Step I Lead-inThe teacher asks the students some questions:（1）Do you like gardening?（2）What are the benefits of gardening?【设计意图】通过简短的问答，激发学生思考园艺以及园艺的益处，为后面的学习活动莫定基础。
Fast-Reading
P assage OneHave you ever heard "hit the nail on the head"? Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box? He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive home the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So it is with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose. The French have an apt phrase for this. They speak of "le mot juste", the word that is just right. Stories are told of scrupulous writers, like Flaubert, who spent days trying to get one or two sentences exactly right. Words are many and various; they are subtle and delicate in their different shades of meaning, and it is not easy to find the ones that express precisely what we want to say. It is not only a matter of having a good command of language and a fairly wide vocabulary; it is also necessary to think hard and to observe accurately. Choosing words is part of the process of realization, of defining our thoughts and feelings for ourselves, as well as for those who hear or read our words. Someone once remarked: "How can I know what I think till I see what I say?" This sounds stupid, but there is a great deal of truth in it.It is hard work choosing the right words, but we shall be rewarded by the satisfaction that finding them brings. The exact use of language gives us mastery over the material we are dealing with. Perhaps you have been asked "What sort of a man is so-and-so?" You begin: "Oh, I think he's quite a nice chap but he's rather..." and then you hesitate trying to find a word or phrase to express what it is about him that you don't like, that constitutes his limitation. When you find the right phrase you feel that your conception of the man is clearer and sharper.In certain primitive tribes it was thought dangerous to reveal your name to a stranger. It might give him power over you. Even in modern civilized society you find yourself at a slight social disadvantage if someone knows your name but you don't know his. Command of words is ultimately command over life and experience.(447 words)1. The author uses the idiom "hit the nail on the head" to demonstrate ______ .( )(a) the skill of a carpenter(b) the importance of being skillful(c) how one's point can be driven home(d) the importance for a writer to choose the right word2. The word "scrupulous" in paragraph two means ________ . ( )(a) minutely careful(b) highly skillful(c) very accomplished(d) carpenter-like3. To find an appropriate word for the specified purpose ________. ( )(a) is a matter of command of the specific language only(b) is a matter of vocabulary(c) is to pick out a word with subtle meaning(d) involves telling people your thoughts and feelings4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? ( )(a) Choosing a right word for the right situation is challenging and rewarding.(b) Choosing a right word means weighing among its many synonyms.(c) You need to have a clear idea of the thing you are describing to choose the right word.(d) The different shades of meaning are helpful to our expression of ideas.5. It can be inferred that the paragraph that follows the passage may possibly discuss ______ . ( )(a) a carpenter's work(b) choice of words(c) modern civilized society(d) primitivetribesP assage TwoEnglish has a wide vocabulary and it is a very flexible language. There are many different ways of making a statement. But words that are very similar in meaning have fine shades of difference and a student needs to be alive to these differences. By using his dictionary, and above all by reading, a student can increase his sensitivity to these shades of difference and improve his ability to express his own meanings exactly. Professor Raleigh once stated: "There are no synonyms, and the same statement can never be repeated in a changed form of words." This is perhaps too absolute, but it is not easy to disapprove. Even a slight alteration in the wording of a statement can subtly shift the meaning. The change in words is a change in style, and the effect on the reader is quite different. It is perhaps easier to be a good craftsman with wood and nails than a good craftsman with words, but all of us can increase our skill and sensitivity with a little effort and patience. In this way we shall not only improve our writing, but also our reading.Above all we should try to cultivate an interest in words. The study of words, of their origins and shifting meanings, can tell us a great deal about human life and thought. English offers a fascinating variety of words for many activities and interests.The foreign student of English may be discouraged and dismayed when he learns that there are over 400 000 words in the English language, without counting slang. But let him take courage. More than half of these words are dead. Even Shakespeare used a vocabulary of only some 20 000 words. The average Englishman today probably has a vocabulary range of from 12 000 to 13 000 words. It is good to make your vocabulary as complete as you can, but a great deal can be said and written with a vocabulary of no more than 10 000 words. The important thing is to have a good control and command over the words you do know. Better know two words exactly than three vaguely. A good carpenter is not distinguished by the number of his tools, but by the craftsmanship with which he uses them. So a good writeris not measured by the extent of his vocabulary, but by his skill in finding the word that will hit the nail cleanly on the head.(405 words)6. In this passage, the author tells us that reading can ______ . ( )(a) increase the vocabulary enormously(b) make one become more aware of the subtle differences of synonyms(c) enable one to learn as many synonyms as possible(d) enable one to be flexible in expressions7. Professor Raleigh's statement "There are no synonyms..." ______ . ( )(a) stresses the different shades of meanings(b) is too absolute and easy to disapprove(c) is what the author tries to disapprove(d) means that there is no such word "synonym"8. According to the author, an interest in words should be cultivated because _____. ( )(a) it is more difficult to be expert at words than at nails(b) words are the most fascinating things to observe(c) words offer us a lot of information about human activities(d) words are the most important part of a language9. The author thinks that ______ . ( )(a) Shakespeare had a very small vocabulary(b) Shakespeare used only a small portion of the English vocabulary(c) it's not necessary to enlarge your vocabulary(d) it's reasonable to feel discouraged at the large amount of vocabulary in English10. In the author's opinion, the most important thing is to ______ . ( )(a) have a large vocabulary to write and speak with(b) have at least a vocabulary of 10 000(c) use the words you already know(d) know how to find the rightwordP assage ThreeLanguage is often irrational even in the way it combines words into sentences － in its synthesis. If language were perfectly rational in this respect, we should be able to handle words like the nine digits in arithmetic, and combine them into sentences at pleasure by applying a few simple grammatical rules. In practice, however, we find that a great part of all languages consists of a limited number of natural sentences, only some of which admit of being formed a priori and freely modified by the substitution of the other words, as when from "have", "ink", "pen", we make up such sentences as "I have the ink"; "Who has the pen?" "Who has the ink?" "He has the ink," and so on.But just as we cannot go on speaking long without using irregular inflections, so also we cannot go on speaking naturally for any length of time without using irregular combinations of words － combinations which cannot be constructed a priori. The sentences which make up natural speech are of two kinds － general sentences, such as those which have just been given, and special sentences or idioms, such as "how do you do?" "never mind", which are really on a level with simple words, such as salutation, indifference, and like them, have to be learnt one by one, in the same way as the irregularities of the grammar. Many of them, indeed, have meanings inconsistent with those of the words of which they are made up. Thus "do by itself" never has the meaning it has in "how do you do?" and "help" in the idiomatic expression "I could not help being late" has the meaning "prevent" "avoid", which is the exact contrary of its ordinary meaning.Again, even in those cases in which the grammar and dictionary allow us to express an idea by various combinations of words, there is often only one of these combinations in actual use. Those who have had to do Latin prose composition know that the main difficulty of the art consists in having an instinctive knowledge of what combinations to avoid. French has a similar character. English and Greek are much freer in this respect, a fact which many foreigners find it difficult to realize. When they ask me such questions as "Can one speak of an 'elegant supper'?" "Can you say, 'He was bad last night'?" I always answer that English is a free language, and that there is nothing to prevent any one calling a supper "elegant" although I do not remember ever doing so myself. Nevertheless, English has its limitations as well as other languages. Foreigners' English often presents the curious spectacle of a language constructed on strict grammatical principles, but with hardly a single genuinely English sentence in it.(464 words)11. Language is irrational in that _______________ .( )(a) we can combine words by using simple grammatical rules(b) words in a language are like the nine digits in arithmetic(c) the meaning of a sentence can be inferred from the meanings of the words in it(d) the meaning of a sentence does not always conform to the meaning of the words in it12. According to the author, ________. ( )(a) all languages have a limited number of natural sentences(b) not all the sentences in a language can be modified by substituting different words(c) regular combinations of words should be avoided in our speech(d) we should construct a priori before we combine words into sentences13. Which of the following is true? ( )(a) Grammatically correct sentences are definitely correct.(b) Grammatically correct sentences are not necessarily used in practice.(c) A sentence based on grammar should be idiomatic.(d) A sentence in practical use must be rational.14. The author thinks it ______ to call a supper "elegant". ( )(a) not idiomatic(b) impossible(c) wise(d) good English15. The main idea of the passage is that ____________. ( )(a) we cannot speak by strict grammatical rules(b) no rule but has exceptions(c) there are two kinds of sentences in a language(d) language has strict grammatical rules tofollow。
九年级英语全册 Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected(第2课
Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected第二课时SectionA(3a－3c)【学习目标】1．学习掌握下列单词和短语：burn，burning，alive，airport，till，west，block，in line with，worker，stare，disbelief，above。
2．进一步熟练掌握过去完成时的用法。
3．通过学习使学生认识到生活中充满着许多出乎预料的事件，培养学生正确看待事物的积极心态。
【学习重点】1．通过阅读“Life Is Full of the Unexpected”，让学生认识到好事情会变成坏事情，坏事情也会变成好事情。
2．学会用过去完成时叙述自己曾经有的特别的一天。
【学习难点】能用过去完成时比较流利地讲述自己曾经有的特别的一天。
能运用所掌握的语法、句型和词汇进行交流。
This lesson is a small passage.Teacher prepares a few pictures of two events before class and asks some students to answer the questions about the event.Task 1Learn and research the passage by themselves：Students read the passage silently and rapidly，know the main idea well and mark the new words，phrases and sentences.【学法指导】◆ keep 后面接动名词，，表示“继续做某事；一直做某事；总是做某事”的意思。
◆keep 的相关短语：keep up 继续；keep sb.from doing…阻止某人做某事； keep up with 赶上； keep away from 远离；keep on doing sth.反复地做某事。
英语泛读教程1第三版(刘乃银编)问题详解(含cloze和extra passage)
U1Part A: cPart B: c, d, d, a, d, c, a, c, dPart C: b, b, d, d, a, d, c, b, d, dFast Reading (P8)c, d, b, c, aa/d, a, c, d, ac, c, b, c, dHome Reading (P15)d, b, b, a/d, c, b, a, b, d, cExtra Passage for Careful-ReadingA, C, D, B, B, C1. [A]【定位】第2段第3句。
【解析】根据原文该句母亲所问的问题可以推断母亲接到电话的时候，第一个反应是“担心”，因此本题应选选项A。
本题最具有干扰性的是选项C，suspicious和第2段最后一句中的suspect属于同一个词族，但要注意的是，在文中suspect是“猜想”的意思，而不是“怀疑”的意思，而suspicious只有“怀疑的、可疑的”意思，这样来看就知道选项C不符合原文的内容了。
2. [C]【定位】第4段最后两句。
【解析】可以说，母亲的朋友也应该是老年人，他们应该也像母亲一样很少能和儿女聚会，由此可推断，他们认为作者通过邀请母亲吃饭而表达对母亲的爱，作者这样做让他们很感动，因此本题应选选项C。
作者和母亲的晚餐聚会发生在原文提到impressed这个动作之后，而原文没有提及在聚会之后朋友们的感觉，因此选项A是不正确的；选项D是几乎每个父母都有的感觉，朋友们不可能因此而感动。
3. [D]【定位】第5段第2句。
【解析】从原文前5段的内容可以推断母亲觉得自己像第一夫人是因为她那天很高兴，能和儿子一起吃饭让她觉得很得意，而且也以儿子为荣，因此，本题选择选项D最合适。
我们可以用另一个方法快速锁定正确答案。
原文该句中的as if 表示一种感觉，在四个选项中，只有选项D中的felt表示感觉，其他三个选项的动词都用于描述现实，在这种情况下，即使选项C中的important在现实中也可用来形容当第一夫人的感觉，也可以马上排除了。
2019-2020年七年级英语上册Unit9Myfavoritesubjectisscience(第3课时)SectionB(1a-1d)学案(新人教版)
2019-2020年七年级英语上册Unit9Myfavoritesubjectisscience(第3课时)SectionB(1a-1d)学案(新人教版)【学习目标】1．熟练掌握本节课单词和短语。
2．描述自己喜欢的科目以及学校课程的安排。
3．引导学生合理安排自己的作息时间养成良好的作息习惯。
【学习重点】重点单词：free，cool, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday，Sunday.【学习难点】能够谈论并制定学习和生活的作息时间。
掌握句型“when is…？why do you like…？”☞学习提示Ask some questions by showing the calendar.Task 1☞学习提示Preview the words, phrases and sentences on P52. Students mark the new words and Chinese meanings in the text.【学法指导】►boring的反义词为interesting/fun；difficult的反义词为easy；busy的反义词为free。
Task 2☞学习提示1．Listen to the tapes, finish the tasks in 1b.2．Listen to the tapes again, finish the listening tasks in 1c, then follow it to read.Task 3☞学习提示1．Ask ss to circle the key points by reading tapescripts.2．Ask ss to make conversations by reading tapescripts.【学法指导】►My father says it's interesting.says是say的第三人称单数形式，注意读音由/sei/变为/sez/。
英语泛读教程1第三版(刘乃银编)答案(含cloze和extra passage)
U1Part A: cPart B: c, d, d, a, d, c, a, c, dPart C: b, b, d, d, a, d, c, b, d, dFast Reading (P8)c, d, b, c, aa/d, a, c, d, ac, c, b, c, dHome Reading (P15)d, b, b, a/d, c, b, a, b, d, cExtra Passage for Careful-ReadingA, C, D, B, B, C1. [A]【定位】第2段第3句。
【解析】根据原文该句母亲所问的问题可以推断母亲接到电话的时候，第一个反应是“担心”，因此本题应选选项A。
本题最具有干扰性的是选项C，suspicious和第2段最后一句中的suspect属于同一个词族，但要注意的是，在文中suspect是“猜想”的意思，而不是“怀疑”的意思，而suspicious只有“怀疑的、可疑的”意思，这样来看就知道选项C不符合原文的内容了。
2. [C]【定位】第4段最后两句。
【解析】可以说，母亲的朋友也应该是老年人，他们应该也像母亲一样很少能和儿女聚会，由此可推断，他们认为作者通过邀请母亲吃饭而表达对母亲的爱，作者这样做让他们很感动，因此本题应选选项C。
作者和母亲的晚餐聚会发生在原文提到impressed这个动作之后，而原文没有提及在聚会之后朋友们的感觉，因此选项A是不正确的；选项D是几乎每个父母都有的感觉，朋友们不可能因此而感动。
3. [D]【定位】第5段第2句。
【解析】从原文前5段的内容可以推断母亲觉得自己像第一夫人是因为她那天很高兴，能和儿子一起吃饭让她觉得很得意，而且也以儿子为荣，因此，本题选择选项D最合适。
我们可以用另一个方法快速锁定正确答案。
原文该句中的as if 表示一种感觉，在四个选项中，只有选项D中的felt表示感觉，其他三个选项的动词都用于描述现实，在这种情况下，即使选项C中的important在现实中也可用来形容当第一夫人的感觉，也可以马上排除了。
fast reading
ⅲ 偷换概念
• 原文为人们对某个事物的理论感觉，题目则强调是客 观事实或已被证实。 • 真题第7题（06年12月） • 【题干】The real-estate broker the author knows is talented in home decoration. • 【原文】a real estate broker I know keeps herself amused on the job by mentally redecorating the houses she knows to clients… • 【解析】原文中只是说她喜欢幻想如何把这个屋子装 扮漂亮，至于她有没有天赋没有说出来的，所以选NG。
ⅲ 混淆逻辑关系
• 题干设置对段际或句际关系的考查，要求考生注意一些连接词现 象如表示因果，转折，条件等的语句。 • 真题第7题（2006年6月） • 【题干】Service stations, motels and restaurants promoted the development of the interstate highway system. • 【原文】Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin -- off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants and shopping centers. • 【解析】两者都提到了相同的信息内容，但意思相差甚远，这是 一因果关系颠倒的典型例题。
• ⅱ.同一概念不同范畴：（包括大小、范围、条件、程度、可能性、 时间、主/客观性）。在同一概念下，如果题干的范畴包含了原文的 内容，而又超出原文所表示的范围时，应判断为NG而不是N。 • 例题1 • 【题干】The majority of people who visit Iceland are intoxicated by it for life. • 【原文】Those once intoxicated by it are likely to become addicts for life. • 【解析】题目意思是：大多数参观冰岛的人一生都被它陶醉，而原 文是说那些曾经被它所陶醉的人们很有可能一生都热爱它。两者都 包含了同一信息内容，肯定会有人为此而陶醉，至于有多少人并没 有提及到，也不能排除有大多数人存在的可能性。题干中的 majority的范围超过原文中的those，所以应判断为NG。 • 例题2 • 【题干】The United States is the world’s NO.1 emitter of greenhouse gases. • 【原文】The U.S, with only four percent of the world’s population, is responsible for 22 percent of the world’s greenhouse gas missions. • 【解析】原文仅列出美国排放的气体在世界上的所占的比例，并未 说明是否是最多，但也不能排除这种可能性，故答案应是NG。
(精华版)国家开放大学电大《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业及答案
(精华版)国家开放大学电大《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业及答案100%通过考试说明：2020年秋期电大把该网络课纳入到“国开平台”进行考核，该课程共有2个形考任务，针对该门课程，本人汇总了该科所有的题，形成一个完整的标准题库，并且以后会不断更新，对考生的复习、作业和考试起着非常重要的作用，会给您节省大量的时间。
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形考任务一（70分）Chapter 1 Exercise（分值7分）题目1I. Vocabulary skills（3 points）Look at the columns below. Match each vocabulary word on the right with the correct definition on the left.(0.5 points each)1.the bus or subway2.proof of completion of courses of students3.money for students from scholarships, grants, or loans4.formal talks by professors or instructors on subjects of study5.courses by video, video conferencing, or computers to students in different places6.the points or grade a student gets on a test答案：II. Reading Comprehension (4 points)Read the passages, then answer the questions that follow. (1 point each )Experiencing Culture ShockA When Eliza James arrived at the University of Xian, she was excited to live in a new country, to improve her Chinese, and to experience a culture so different from her own. But soon her excitement turned tofrustration as she encountered one roadblock after another. "I felt like I couldn't accomplish anything. My dorm room had no heat, I couldn't get into the classes I wanted, and every time I asked someone for help they gave me the runaround. I felt like no one was listening to me." Eliza met with administrators, sent letters of complaint, and even contacted the consulate in Beijing, but she got nowhere. What Eliza didn't realize was that her American approach to solving problems was very different from the Chinese one in which patience and negotiation skills are key. She soon learned how to solve problems within the cultural norms of Chinese society instead of forcing her own values onto those around her. "I finally feel like I fit in and that I know what I'm doing. In fact, it's really fun being in a place that's so incredibly different from what I am accustomed to."B Yoshi Yamamoto is a junior at a small college outside of Boston. Although he is an honors student now, Yoshi didn't always have such an easy time studying in America. "Teaching methods are very different here than they are in Japan. It took me a long time to get used to learning in seminars and discussing ideas with my classmates. At first it seemed like I wasn't actually learning anything." Yoshi's reaction was to totally withdraw: he didn't participate in class discussion; he spent lots of time alone in his room, and he even skipped class on occasion. "I thought I could teach myself. Now I recognize the value of the U.S. academic system, and I am able to adapt it to my own learning style."C Both Eliza and Yoshi experienced what is called culture shock: psychological disorientation due to living in a new culture. For many international students, studying abroad can offer exposure to new cultures and an opportunity to study new fields and languages. However, it also offers the greater challenge of trying to function in a foreign culture. Studying and reading about a certain culture is poor preparation for the reality of living in it. According to psychological studies, the four stages of culture shock are 1. euphoria, 2. hostility, 3. gradual adjustment, and 4. adaptation. Culture shock can be manifested in many ways: homesickness, boredom, stereotyping of or hostility towards the host culture, overeating or overdrinking, withdrawal, and inability to work effectively.D Different people experience different levels of culture shock and react in different ways. For example, Eliza got angry while Yoshi withdrew from society. The most important thing to remember is that culture shock is normal; it is not something to be ashamed of. Luckily, there are some things international students can do to make their adjustment to a new country go more smoothly. For instance, they can stay in touch with family and friends from home, join international student organizations, meet people from their own countries, and get involved in campus activities. Most importantly, they can adjust to life abroad by keeping a sense of humor and trying to remain positive.Recognizing Paragraph Topics（choose the paragraph letter）题目27. an explanation of culture shock选择一项：C. C题目38. ways that students can adjust to living in a new country选择一项：D. D题目49. the experience of an international student in the United States选择一项：B. B题目510. the experience of an international student in China选择一项：A. AChapter 2 Exercise（分值7分）题目1I. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）Sometimes examples can explain the meaning of a word or phrase. For example, sun, rain, and wind are examples of kinds of weather. Look at the columns below. Match each vocabulary word or phrase in the first column with the examples in the second column. (0.4 points each)1.kinds of extreme weather2.Earth’s natural materials and gases3. diseases or health disorders4. seasons of the year5. natural areas or regions of the earth答案：II. Reading Comprehension (5 points)Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B or C. (1 point each) Seasonal Affective Disorder: More than Just the BluesA Joshua dreads the winter months, not only because of the cold New England weather--the sleet, snow, wind, and rain--but because as the seasons change from summer to fall to winter, the days get shorter. As the days get shorter, he starts feeling depressed and irritable and spends more and more time at home, eating and sleeping. A graduate student in philosophy, Joshua finds that he gets little work done during the winter months and has trouble paying attention in class and concentrating on his research. "I soon realized that what I thought was just the 'winter blues' was something more extreme than that." Josh visited a doctor who diagnosed him with SAD.B Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a kind of depression that occurs seasonally. It is associated with the long hours of darkness and lack of sunlight during the winter months (people with SAD usually feel worse from December through February). Scientists don't completely understand the exact causes of SAD, but they believe it is related to a biochemical imbalance in the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is the basic part of the brain that controls the body's breathing, heartbeat, metabolism, and hormone release. The effects of SAD include moodiness, irritability, low energy, increased appetite for carbohydrates (foods such as potatoes, rice, and bread), difficulty concentrating, and the tendency to oversleep.C Although doctors described SAD for the first time in 1984, humans have probably dealt with the disorder for thousands of years. It is not a coincidence that many cultures have important celebrations during the short days of the winter months. Christmas, Hanukkah, and Winter Solstice celebrations all occur in December. These celebrations involve lighting candles in order to bring light, warmth, and happiness to an otherwise depressing time of year.D So what can SAD sufferers do to feel better? Naturally, they need more light. For people who have mild cases of SAD, exercising in the morning sun could be enough to help them. Phototherapy, or light therapy, is usually prescribed for people who have more serious cases of the disorder. In light therapy, patients sit in front of a light box, a strong artificial light, for up to four hours a day. Phototherapy is effective in over 80% of SAD cases, and patients usually see results within three to four days. Although the symptoms of SAD are similar to those of clinical depression, traditional antidepressants have not proven useful in treating SAD. While psychological counseling cannot treat the symptoms of SAD, it is recommended to help SAD sufferers learn to accept and deal with their illness.题目26. Joshua starts feeling depressed and irritable in the winter because选择一项：B. he suffers from Seasonal Affective Disorder题目37. Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a condition that researchers believe affects people during the winter months. Scientists believe it is caused by选择一项：C. lack of sunlight and a biochemical imbalance in the brain题目48. Humans have probably struggled with SAD since选择一项：A. ancient times题目59. People who suffer from SAD can to feel better.选择一项：A. do light therapy题目610. This passage talks about_____.选择一项：B. Both A and B.Chapter 3 Exercise（分值7分）I. Reading Comprehension (5 points)Read the passages, then answer the questions that follow. (1 point each )Fast food can be good foodMany people are too busy to prepare and eat three nutritious meals a day.so they turn to the convenience of fast-food restaurants. Many of the items at fast-food restaurants, snack bars, and food stands are fattening and not very nutritious.But fast food d oesn’t have to be unhealthy.you can eat at fast-food restaurants and still eat well.Pay Attention to Calories and Fat ContentBy paying attention to the number of calories and fat that a food item has ,you can make smarter choices.Calories are “units for measuring how much energy a food will produce”.condsider two fast-food meals. A quarter-pound hamburger with cheese, jumbo-size fries,and a 16-ounce soda have a total of 1,535 calories and 76 grams of fat .a broiled (cooked under direct heat or over a flame )chicken sandwich ,a side salad with low-fat dressing,and a glass of water at the same fast-food restaurant have only 422 calories and 7 grams of fat .but maybe you really want a hamburger and fries .well,you can have a small hamburger,a small serving o f fries,and a glass of water.At a total of 490 calories and 20 grams of fat,that’s stilla much smarter choice than the large burger ,fries,and 20 grams of fat ,that’s still a much smarter choice than the large burger,fries,and sada.There’s More That You Can DoThere are a few additional things you can do to make sure you eat well in fast food restaurantS.First of all,say “no” when the cashier asks you if you want to “supersize” you meal (order an extra large portion of each item).Second, ask for no mayonnaise or sauce,or ask for it on the side (in a separate dish).Third,substitute(use something instead of something else)healthy foods for fatty ones. For example,instead of ordering deep-fried tempura,order fresh vegetables.Instead of ordering a beef burrito with lots of cheese and sour cream,order a vegetable burrito with beans and rice.and don’t eat the chips!Another thing you can do is order a side salad or a vegetable soup and eat it first.That way,you will eat some vegetables,and you won’t be able to eat as much of your burger and fries.Fnally,eat slowly and stop eating when you’re full. It sounds simple,but many people keep eating even after they become full.题目11.What is the main idea of this article ?________选择一项：C. You can eat well in fast-food restaurant题目22.A small hamburger and small firies has __________选择一项：A. more calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad.题目33.Some things you can do to eat well in fast-food restaurants are________选择一项：D. order healthy foods instead of fatty ones and drink water.题目44.Manyonnaise and sauces probably_________选择一项：C. have a lot of fat and calories.题目55. By eating a salad or soup before the rest of your meal,_______选择一项：A. you eat less of the rest of your meal.II. Vocabulary skills（2 points）Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. (0.4 points each)题目6changes damaging losing global availableThe growing similarities in diet and eating habits around the world are influencing people of various cultures in different ways. For example, Western foods are 6 damaging health in the industrialized island country of Japan. Instead of small meals of seafood, rice, and vegetables, the typical Japanese diet now includes large amounts of meat, dairy products, and desserts like tiramisu, a rich Italian dish full of chocolate, cheese, and sugar. According to Japanese health researchers, such 7 changes in eating habits are related to a great increase in health problems such as heart disease, strokes, cancer, and diabetes. On the other hand, the changing 8 global diet is having the opposite effect on the people in the CzechRepublic. The government of this European nation no longer supports meat and dairy products financially, so the cost of these foods is going up. In contrast, fresh fruits and vegetables are becoming more widely 9 available from private markets and stands. Cooks are even serving salads to schoolchildren, and families are eating healthier home-cooked meals. For these reasons, fewer Czech men are having heart attacks, the women are 10 losing a lot of weight, and most people are living healthier lives.Chapter 4 Exercise（分值7分I. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）题目1Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right. (0.4 points each)1.make sense2.pedestrians3.vehicle4.teenager5.fine答案：II. Reading Comprehension (5 points)Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each)These days, it’s getting easier and easier to find your way around. Some people have GPS devices in their cars to make sure they don’t get lost. GPS stands for Global Positioning System. These devices use satellites in space to “see” where you are and give you directions to where you want to go. And if you don’t have a GPS device, you can simply go online to get step-by-step directions. Websites like and can produce a map and directions in just a few seconds. But how do they do it? MapQuest® uses data (informatio n) from a few different sources to produce directions and maps. Before MapQuest® went online, it sold regular paper maps in places like gas stations. The website uses the data from those paper maps, information from digital mapping companies, and government databases. At the moment, MapQuest® uses more than 30 computers to read all this data and provides users with millions of maps every day.In order to find the best route (way or path) from one place to another, MapQuest® first has to look at all possible routes. Then MapQuest® looks at each part of each possible route. It considers the types of roads on the different routes. Are they dirt roads, paved roads, freeways, or city streets? It looks at how many turns there are in each route and what kinds of turns they are. Are they right turns or left turns? It also considers the speed limit on each road and how many intersections there are. An intersection is “a place where two or more roads cross each other”.MapQuest® can also tell you how long your trip will take you. It does this by doing some math. MapQuest® bases its estimated driving times on the length and speed limit of each part of the route and the amount of time it probably takes to get through each intersection. For example, it allows more time for a left turn at an intersection than it does for a right turn. Someday, maybe we will have cars that can just drive us wherever we want to go, but for now, mapping websites make it a little harder to get lost.题目26.What is the main idea of this article?选择一项：C. How mapping websites work.题目37.According to the article, MapQuest®______选择一项：D. starting by selling paper maps.题目48.When you search for directions, the first thing MapQuest® does is_______选择一项：D. look at all possible paths.题目59.When it’s deciding on the best route, MapQuest® probably chooses ________选择一项：C. freeways instead of dirt roads.题目610. To estimate your driving time, MapQuest® considers _________选择一项：D. the speed limits and types of turns on your route.Chapter 5 Exercise（分值7分）I. Reading Comprehension (5 points)Read the five main-idea questions that follow about the information in the reading. Three details correctly answer each question. Cross out the untrue, unrelated detail. (1 point each )题目11. What are the definitions of the two main types of families?选择一项：D. The nuclear family is the same as the extended family.题目22. What are the reasons for the changes in the structure of the family?选择一项：A. The divorce rate went down and the birthrate began to rise in the early 1900s in the United States. 题目33. What happened to families in industrialized countries in the 1930s and 1940s?选择一项：A. Before and during World War II, families faced few financi al problems and women didn’t have to work away from home.题目44. What changes will happen to family structure during the next decades?选择一项：D. After the war, there were more divorces and fewer stay-home-mothers.题目55. What will families be like in the future?选择一项：B. Two-parent family will probably come back and all other family forms will end.II. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. ( 0.4 points each)题目6living extended category typical believeThe Family of the FutureMany people today would like the traditional two-parent family back—that is to say, they want a man and a woman to marry for life; they also think the man should sport the family and the woman should stay home with the children. However, few families now fall into this 6 category In fact, if more women decide to have children on their own, the single-parent household may become more 7typica l than the traditional family in many countries. Also, unmarried couples may decided to have more children—or they might take in foster children or adopt. And because people are staying single and 8 living longer (often as widows), there may be more one-person households in the future. On the other hand, some people 9believe similar events happen again and again in history. If this is true, people may go back to the traditional 10 extended or nuclear family of the past. Others think the only certainty in history is changing: in other words, the structure of the future family could begin to change faster and faster—and in more and more ways.Chapter 6 Exercise（分值7分）I. Vocabulary skills（2 points）Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. （0.4 points each）题目11. Some examples of the architecture of old Europe are the magnificent cathedrals and castles. The design and building styles of modern architecture are excellent too. What does the noun architecture mean in these sentences?选择一项：D. the form and plan of buildings and other structures题目22. Perhaps the real beginning of civilization—with its scientific and technological discoveries and inventions—was in the Middle East and Africa. Over five thousand years ago, those ancient civilizations had astronomy, mathematics, medicine, government, and so on. Which word is a synonym of the word civilization? 选择一项：C. culture题目33. The cultural legacy of ancient Chinese and Indian peoples included walled cities, the first governments, tools for work, and weapons for protection. odern peoples built on this legacy.What is a possible explanationof the word legacy?选择一项：A. ideas and achievements passed from earlier generations to modern society题目44. “For me, the idea of ancient culture creates a contradiction in definitions,” said Karen, going against Mei’s views. “Only modern things can be part of culture.Of course, people that li ke classical art and music will contradict me.”What might the noun contradiction mean?选择一项：A. the opposition of two opinions题目55. Because of the worldwide media—movies, TV, CDs, the Internet, newspapers, magazines—everybody knows the same information, plays the same music, and enjoys the same jokes.How might you define the phrase the media?选择一项：A. the combination of visual, sound, and printed ways to send ideas around the worldII.Reading Comprehension (5 points)Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for True and “F” for False. （1 point each）题目6Many visitors to different countries don’t realize how important it is to understand a country’s culture. Sometimes people learn this lesson by making a big cross-cultural blunder, or embarrassing mistake. In business situations, these blunders can cost a lot of money or end business relationships.6.It is important to understand other people’s cultures before you do business with them.选择一项：B. T题目7For example, one company wanted to sell toothpaste in Southeast Asia. In their advertisements, they claimed that their toothpaste whitens teeth. They didn’t understand that many of the local people chewed betel nuts to make their teeth black, and that these people thought black teeth were attractive.7. The toothpaste company probably kept using the same advertisement in Southeast Asia.选择一项：题目8In an other case, a car company tried to sell a car called “Matador” in a Spanish-speaking country. The company thought that it was a strong name because it means “bullfighter”. In Spanish, matador is indeed a noun meaning “bullfighter”. But it is also an adjective meaning “killing”. Imagine driving around in a car called “Killing”!8. The car company that tried to sell a car to a Spanish-speaking country probably didn’t sell many Matador cars in that country.选择一项：B. T题目9A European businessman had an important meeting with a company in Taiwan. He wanted to bring gifts for the people he was meeting with. He thought that something with his company’s logo on it would be a nice gift. So he bought some very nice pocket knives a nd had his company’s logo printed on them. He didn’t know that giving a knife as a gift symbolizes cutting off a friendship!9. The European businessman probably researches new cultures before he visits them now.选择一项：A. T题目10It’s very easy to make blunders like these people did. But it’s also very easy not to. Before you visit a new country, research that country’s customs and etiquette (social rules for polite behavior). You can find a lot of information online. Just go to a search engine and type in key words like “cross-cultural etiquette” or “cultural information Taiwan”. By spending a few minutes doing research, you can save yourself from a lot of embarrassment and make sure you don’t accidentally offend anyone.10. What you can disagree with people to save yourself from making cross-cultural blunders.选择一项：B. FChapter 7 Exercise（分值7分）I. Reading Comprehension (5 points)Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for True and “F” for False on the Answer Sheet. (1 point each)题目1For instance, a doctor doesn’t always have time to thoroughly explain an illness. In these cases, the Internet1. One benefit of using the Internet as a medical resource is it has a lot of information about illnesses and diseases.选择一项：B. T题目2For example, some websites claim that sniffing (smelling) a newspaper can cure nausea (the feeling of being sick to your stomach and wanting to vomit).2. One possible remedy for nausea is drinking a lot of tea.选择一项：B. F题目3Other websites suggest that a person with a cold should keep a piece of raw garlic in his or her mouth all day and bite down on it every few minutes to release the juice. People with smelly feet are told to soak their feet in tea for half an hour.3. The websites remedies might be unpleasant or odd, but they probably will cause harm. And who knows? They might actually be unhelpful.选择一项：A. F题目4An herbal remedy for helping your memory may also be a blood thinner. So if your doctor prescribed (put you on) a blood thinner and you start taking this herb without asking your doctor about it, a simple cut could be deadly; you might not be able to stop bleeding.4. A person who is taking a prescribed drug should probably talk to the doctor before taking an herbal remedy.选择一项：B. T题目5The bottom line is this: be careful when using the Internet as a health resource. Use it to find information that you can discuss with your doctor. But don’t spend a lot of money on “miracle cures”.5. The best way to use the Internet as a medical resource is to read about your illness and discuss what you find out with your doctor.选择一项：II. Vocabulary skills（2 points）Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. ( 0.4 points each)题目6disease substance classification prevent figureIn a small-town farm market, hundreds of elderly people drink a glass of sour dark cherry juice every day. These happy senior citizens, some of them over the age of 90, claim that the natural fruit juice cures—or at least decreases—the pain of their arthritis, a 6 disease of the joints of the aging body. It’s a folk remedy, not a proven medical therapy. Nevertheless, science is beginning to 7 figure out why sour cherry juice might work to improve the health of patients with arthritis. The secret is in the 8 substance that gives the cherries their dark red color. It belongs to a 9 classification of natural nutrients that color blueberries, strawberries, plums, and other fruits—and vegetables too. Moreover, these coloring substances may help to 10 prevent serious health disorders like heart disease and cancer. In other words, vitamins and fiber ar e not the only reasons to eat fruits and vegetables. “To take advantage of natural whole foods,” advise nutritionists.Chapter 8 Exercise（分值7分）I. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. ( 0.4 points each) 题目11.At all hours, the media offer language learners “real-life” audio visual instruction and practice in aural comprehension.选择一项：B. understanding spoken language题目22. High-quality TV programming —a good plan of shows about various fields of study—can increase people’s knowledge and improve their thinking abilities.选择一项：D. choice and organization of shows题目33. Television and video provide almost everyone with good entertainment—a pleasant way to relax and spend free time at home.选择一项：A. amusement or pleasure4. Images of violence on the screen scare people, giving them terrible nightmares when they sleep.选择一项：D. behavior that hurts people题目55. The talk shows of “trash TV” make instant “stars” of real people with strange or immoral ideas, who tell their most personal secrets, shout angrily, and attack one another.选择一项：C. shows without qualityII. Reading Comprehension (5 points)Complete the following sentences by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each)AEveryone makes mistakes, or so the saying goes. But have you ever heard about mistakes in Hollywood? When most people think of Hollywood, they think of blockbusters (very successful movies), high-paid actors, glitz, and glamour. But according to one Website, many Hollywood movies are full of mistakes. Some are technical errors. For instance, in a scene of the science-fiction adventure film The Matrix, when the main character steps out of his car, the viewer can clearly see the camera crew in the car window. In another scene, the same character is typing on his computer, yet the computer screen is blank. Other movie mistakes are historical. For example, the epic Gladiator, an Oscar winner, is known for having lots of historical errors. Throughout the movie, the gladiator Maximus refers to his home in Spain, and the other characters call him "the Spaniard." However, in 180 A.D., when the movie takes place, Spain as a country or even as a concept didn't exist yet. At another point in the movie, Maximus says that his homeland of Spain has "the best horses." But horses weren't brought to the Iberian Peninsula until the invasion of the Moors (North Africans) in 711 A.D, more than 500 years after the movie takes place. The historical drama Titanic, another Oscar winner, also has its share of historical blunders. The Titanic sunk in the year 1912. So why is one of the characters wearing a digital watch? In fact, movie watchers have found over 100 mistakes in The Matrix, Gladiator, and Titanic. Can you think of any errors in your favorite films?BHow susceptible are you to advertising? Has a TV commercial or magazine ad ever made you buy the product that was advertised? If so, perhaps you have been subjected to subliminal advertising. Subliminal advertising is a kind of advertising that appeals to the subconscious. The word "subliminal" comes from the Latin "sub" meaning "lower," "beneath," or "under," and "limen" meaning "threshold," (the level at which something begins to happen). Thus, subliminal advertising stimulates your brain at a level below conscious perception. You。
【快速阅读】四种简单的快速阅读方法
【快速阅读】四种简单的快速阅读方法快速泛读（fastextensivereading）通常我们应该养成快速泛读的习惯。
泛读是指广泛阅读大量涉及不同领域的书籍。
要求快速阅读，理解和掌握本书的主要内容。
要确定一个清晰的阅读配额，配额应结合自身实际，切实可行，多多少少。
例如，如果你在一个学期的18周内每天阅读100页，你可以阅读100本中等厚度的书（每本书大约120页）。
计时阅读（timedreading）课后，我们应该养成时间阅读的习惯。
定时读数每次可进行5~10分钟，时间不宜过长。
因为时机快速阅读，能量高度集中，久而久之，容易疲劳，能量分散，但枯燥乏味。
阅读时，先写下“开始时间”。
阅读后，写下“完成时间”来计算阅读速度。
把它写下来并坚持很长时间。
你会得到明显的结果。
略读（skimming）略读，又称阅读、跳读或浏览，是一种特殊而实用的快速阅读技能。
略读是指尽可能快地阅读，就像从飞机上鸟瞰地面上的明显标志一样，以便迅速获得文章的主旨或中心思想。
换言之，略读要求读者有选择地阅读，略过一些细节，以掌握文章的大意，从而加快阅读速度。
据统计，经过训练的略读员阅读速度可达每分钟3000至4000字。
略读可以运用下列技巧：1）使用排版细节，如书名或文章标题、副标题、副标题、斜体、粗体字、脚注、标点符号等，预测书和文章的略读。
预测略读应理解作者的观点和文章的方式（模式），从而掌握总体思路、相关细节及其相互关系。
2）以一般阅读速度（200～250wpm），阅读文章开头的一、二段，力求抓住文章大意、背景情况、作者的文章风格、口吻或语气等。
3）阅读本段的主题句和结论句。
抓住主题句，掌握段落大意，然后不阅读就省略细节，从而获得略读速度。
寻读（scanning）搜索阅读也称为搜索阅读。
和略读一样，搜索阅读也是一种快速阅读技能。
熟练的读者善于使用搜索来获取特定的信息，以提高阅读效率。
阅读搜寻是一种快速阅读方法，可以从大量材料中快速找到特定事实或特定信息，如人、事件、时间、地点、数字等，同时省略其他不相关的部分。