大学英语四级试卷(答案) (1)
2020年9月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第1套)

2020年9月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第1套)听力答案:1.A) Ship traffic in the Atlantic.2.D) They may be affecting the world’s climate.3.C) To call for a permanent security guard.4.A) It had already taken strong action.5.B) The road was blocked.6.D) A track hit a barrier and overturned.7.B) It was a hard task to removing the spilled substance.8.A) She wanted to save for a new phone.9.D) They are less aware of the value of their money.10.B) More non-essential things.11.C) It may lead to excessive spending.12.C) He had a problem with the furniture delivered.13.B) Describe the furniture he received.14.A) Correct their mistake.15. с) She apologized to the man once more.16. B) Tidying up one's home.17. A) Things that make one happy.18. C) It received an incredibly large number of donated books.19. A) Give free meals to the homeless.120. D) Follow his example.21. C) Sending him had-made bags.22. A) To solve word search puzzles.23. B) They could no longer concentrate on their task.24. C) A reduction in the amount of sleep.25. C) Realize the disruptive effects of technology.PART I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on online dictionaries. You can start your essay with the sentence "O nline dictionaries arebecoming increasingly popular. " You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.参考范文:With the growing popularity of smart phones and the high coverage rate of wireless network, online dictionaries are becoming increasingly popular for students in daily study. It seems to be a trend that online dictionaries would replace paper ones. However, just as the saying goes, “different strokes for different folks.”Some students are more prone to use online dictionaries and have two points to support it. First, online dictionaries are more portable, and make it possible to look up any new words that we met anytime and anywhere only via a small phone in our hands. Second, we can improve both written and oral skills, as online dictionaries allow us to hear the native pronunciation of each word clearly. Whereas others hold differently. They are still in favor of use print ones. For one thing, paper dictionaries can protect our eyesight better than online ones as digital devices may emit radiation if we watch the electronic screen for a long time. For another, using the print dictionary can prevent us from being distracted by reminders of irrelevant information.As far as I’m concerned, although the content of paper dictionaries is authoritative, its lexicon is not updated as quickly as online ones. After all, we live in an informationage and can have access to many hot words on the Internet every day.【选词填空第1套】26. H integrate27. B coincidence28. A associated29. L recognizable30. I maximizes31. N stressful32. K principal33. J natural34. M simply35. O symbolized【信息匹配第1套】Doctor’s orders: Let children just play36. H 段落第一句段落第一句 Another playtime thief37. E 段落第一句段落第一句 The trends have been a long time coming.38. L 段落第一句段落第一句 Play may not be a hard sell to kids.39.G 段落第一句段落第一句 Predictions aren’t the only ones who have noticed.40. D段落第一句段落第一句 “play is not silly behavior,”41. I 段落第一句段落第一句 “I respect that parents have busy lives and it’s easy to hand a child a iPhone”42.C 段落第一句段落第一句 The advice, issued Monday by the American Academy of Pediatrics43. K 段落第一句 Yogman also worries about the pressures that squeeze playtime for more affluent kids.44. F 段落第一句段落第一句 By 200945. B 段落第一句段落第一句 “This may seem old-fashioned, but there are skills to be leaned when kids aren’t told what to do”【仔细阅读第1套】Text 1 :Diets46.What does the author say may have an adverse impact on people?A.Under going plastic surgeries in pursuit of beauty.B.Imitating the life styles of heroes and role models.C.Striving to achieve perfection regardless of financial cost.D.Attempting to meet society’s expectation of appearance47.What have researchers found out about people’ s earnings?A.They are closely related to people’s social status.B.They have to do with people’s body weight and shapeC.They seem to matter much less to men than to womenD.They may not be equal to people’s contributions48.What does the author’ s recent study focus on?A.Previous literature on indicators of competitiveness in the work place.B.Traits that matter most in one’s pursuit of success in the labor market.C.Whether self-perception of body image impacts one’s work place successD.How bosses’ perception of body image impacts employees’ advancement.49.What is the finding of the author’s recent research?A.Being over weight actually does not do much harm to the overall well-being of employees.B.People are not adversely affected in the workplace by false self-perception ofbody weightC.Self-esteem helps to combat gender in equality in the work place.D.Gender in equality continues to frustrate a lot of female employees.50.What does the author think would help improve the condition in the labor market?A.Banning discrimination on the bass of employees’ body imageB.Expanding protection of women against gender discrimination.C.Helping employees change their own perception of beauty.D.Excluding body shape as a category in the labor contract.答案:46.D 47.B 48.C 49.B 50.AText 2 :Work-life balance51.What does the author suggest by saying"The work-life balance is dead”?A.the hope of achieving a thriving life is impossible to realize.B.the pursuit of a fulfilling career involves personal sacrificeC.the imbalance between work and life simply doesn’t exist anymore.D.the concept of work-life balance contributes little to a fulfilling life.52. What does the author say about our use of language?A. it impacts how we think and behave.B.it changes with the passage of time..C. it reflects how we communicate.D. it differs from person to person.53.What does the author say we do in an ideal world?A.we do work that betters the lives of our families and friends.B. we do work that gives us bursts of joy each new day.C. we do meaningful work that contributes to society.D. we do demanding work that brings our capacity into full play.54. What does the author say about life?A. it is cyclicalB.it is dynamicC.it is fulfillingD. it is risky.55. what does the author advise us to do?A.make life as simple as possibleB.talk about balance in simpler termsC. balance life and work in a new wayD.strive for a more fulfilling life.答案:51. D 52. A 53. C 54. B55. D 翻译茅台茅台(Moutai)(Moutai)(Moutai)是中国最有名的白酒,在新中国成立前夕,被选为国宴用酒。
2019年12月大学英语四级真题试卷(题后附答案及解析)(一)

2019年12月大学英语四级真题试卷(题后附答案及解析)(一)全部题型 1. Writing2. Listening Comprehension3. Reading Comprehension4. TranslationPart I Writing1.For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.您的答案是:正确答案: Dear TomOn hearing that you are planning to teach English in China and inquire which city to work in I'd like to recommend our capital city Beijing to you which is an international metropolis.The reasons why I recommend Beijing can be listed as follows. First of all there are a lot of English-speaking foreigners in Beijing which could help you adapt to life here very quickly. Furtherm ore as the capital of several dynastiesBeijing has a profound cultural background so you can better experience the extensive and profound traditional Chinese culture in Beijing. Most importantly parents in Beijing attach great importanceto their children's English learning and many people who work in multinational companies also need to learn English.I truly hope that you can come to Beijing to start your teaching life and I'm looking forward to your arrival. If you have any question about the city pl ease feel free to contact me for further information.Yours sincerelyLi MingPart II Listening ComprehensionSection A听力原文:New York City police captured a cow on the loose in Prospect Park on Tuesday after the animal became an attraction for tourists while walking along the streets and enjoying the park facilities. The confused creature and camera-holding humans stared at each other through a fence for several minutes. At other times the cow wandered around the 526-acre park and the artificial grass field normally used for human sporting events. Officers used soccer goals to fence the animal in. However the cow then moved through one of the nets knocking down a police officer in the process. Policeeventually trapped the cow between two vehicles parked on either side of a baxxxxseball field's bench area. An officer then shot an arrow to put it to sleep. Then officers waited for the drug to take effect. After it fell asleep they loaded the cow into a horse trailer. It was not clear where the cow came from or how it got lost. Police turned it over to the animal control department after they caught it.Questions 1 and 2 are baxxxxsed on the news report you have just heard.1. What happened in New York's Prospect Park on Tuesday?2. What do we learn about the cow from the end of the news report? 2.A.Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.B.A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.C.Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.D.A wandering cow was captured by the police.您的答案是:正确答案:D解析:事实细节题。
2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)及参考答案完整版 (1)

Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre..Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The fifth largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy (征税)1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors.Philadelphia's new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the county. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, Califomia, in 2014.The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with added sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It's expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the city.While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court.“The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages-including low- and no-calorie choices”, said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the America n Beverage Association. “But most importantly, it is against the law. So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it. “An industry backed anti- tax campaign has spent at least S4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure. characterizing it as a “grocery tax.”Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague Americans. “The move to recapture a small part of t he profits from an industry that pushes a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places”, said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America. Indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. “It's not just Berkeley anymore.”Similar measures in California's Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado's boulder are becoming hot-button issues Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be coming46. What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?A) It will change the lifestyle of many consumersB) It may encourage other US cities to follow suit.C) It will cut soda consumption among low-income communitiesD) It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business47. What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?A) Bargain with the city council.B) Refuse to pay additional tax.C) Take legal action against itD) Try to win public support.48. What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposalA) It tried to arouse hostile feelings among consumersB) It tried to win grocers support against the measureC) It kept sending letters of protest to the mediaD) It criticized the measure through advertising49. What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?A) Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced diseases.B) Help people to fix certain long-time health issues.C) Add to the fund for their research on diseases.D) Benefit low-income people across the country50.What do we learn about similar measures concerning the soda tax in some other cities?A)They are becoming rather sensitive issues.B) They are spreading panic in the soda industry.C)They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced diseases.D)They are taking away lot of profit from the soda industryPassage TwoPopping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, but Europe’s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7 million cars, a new study has found. And the problem is growing. With costs falling and kitchen appliances becoming “status" items, owners are throwing away microwaves after an average of eight years. This is pushing sales of new microwaves which are expected to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decadeA study by the University of Manchester calculated the emissions of co2-the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change-at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste disposal. “It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on th e environment," say the authors. The authors also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from using a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour . For example, consumers could use appliances in a more efficient way by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of food.However, David Reay, professor of carbon management, argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of energy, their emissions are minor compared to those from cars. In the UK alone, there are around 30 million cars These cars emit more than all the microwaves in the EU. Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69 million tons of CO2 in 2015. This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the EU. Further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking. Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking,microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive thing.51.What is the finding of the new study?A)Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more popular.B) The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our health.C) CO2 emissions constitute a major threat to the environmentD)The use of microwaves emits more CO than people think .52.Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?A)They are becoming more affordable.B)They have a shorter life cycle than other appliances .C) They are getting much easier to operate.D) They take less time to cook than other appliances.53. What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?A) Cooking food of different varieties.B) Improving microwave user’s habits.C) Eating less to cut energy consumption.D) Using microwave ovens less frequently.54. What does Professor David Reay try to argue?A) There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves.B) People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less oftenC) The UK produces less CO than many other countries in the EUD) More data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful.55. What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?A) It will become less popular in the coming decades.B) It makes everyday cooking much more convenient.C) It plays a positive role in environmental protection.D) It consumes more power than conventional cooking【参考答案】46-50 D C A D C51-55 C B B A DPart Ⅳ Translation( 30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。
2019年6月大学英语四级真题试卷(一)(题后含答案及解析)

2019年6月大学英语四级真题试卷(一)(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. TranslationPart I Writing1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a local farm organized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.正确答案: A Visit to Guangming Farm Broadens Students’Vision Organized by the Student Union, a total of 30 students paid a visit to Guangming Farm, a local farm 50 kilometers away from our school on June 8. Guangming Farm is a state-owned farm mainly planting crops, such as wheat and corn, and producing milk and dairy products. During this visit, the students saw the grand farmland and were deeply impressed by the modern agricultural technology, especially the fully automatic wheat harvesting operation. The trip culminated in a visit to a manufacturing process of dairy products. Mary, a student from School of Foreign Languages, said at the thought of agriculture, what had occurred to her was the images of sweating peasants laboring in the field under the scorching sun. However, this trip totally changed her stereotype on Chinese agriculture. Through their personal experience, the field trip deepens college students’ understanding of the rapid social development, and will exert an ever-lasting influence upon their future study and work.解析:本次四级考试要求写新闻报道,着实让不少考生感到意外,但是细细想来,近几年应用文的趋势已经非常明显,大家应该在备考中做到“面上铺开,重点突出”。
大学英语四级考试试题真题(附参考答案)

大学英语四级考试试题真题(附参考答案)Passage FourQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.It came as something of a surprise when Diana, Princess of Wales, made a trip co Angola in 1997, to support the Red Cross's campaign for a total ban on all anti-personnel landmines. Within hours of arriving in Angola, television screens around the world were filled with images of her comforting victims injured in explosions caused by landmines. "I knew the statistics," she said. "But putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me; like when I met Sandra, a 13- year-old girl who had lost her leg, and people like her."The Princess concluded with a simple message: "We must stop landmines". And she used every opportunity during her visit to repeat this message.But, back in London, her views were not shared by some members of the British government, which refused to support a ban on these weapons. Angry politicians launched an attack on the Princess in the press. They described her as "very ill-informed" and a "loose cannon (乱放炮的人).”The Princess responded by brushing aside the criticisms: "This is a distraction (干扰) we do not need. All I'm trying to do is help."Opposition parties, the media and the public immediately voiced their support for the Princess. To make matters worse for the government, it soon emerged that the Princess's trip had been approved by the Foreign Office, and that she was in fact very well-informed about both the situation in Angola and the British government's policy regarding landmines. The result was a severe embarrassment for the government.To try and limit the damage, the Foreign Secretary, Malcolm Rifkidnd, claimed that the Princess's views on landmines were not very different from government policy, and that it was "working towards" a worldwide ban. The Defence Secretary, Michael Portillo, claimed the matter was "a misinterpretation or misunderstanding."For the Princess, the trip to this war-torn country was an excellent opportunity to use her popularity to show the world how much destruction and suffering landmines can cause. She said that the experience had also given her the chance to get closer to people and their problems.26. Princess Diana paid a visit to Angola in 1997 .A) to voice her support for a total ban of landminesB) to clarify the British government's stand on landminesC) to investigate the sufferings of landmine victims thereD) to establish her image as a friend of landmine victims27. What did Diana mean when she said "... putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me" (Line 5, Para.1)?A) She just couldn't bear to meet the landmine victims face to face.B) The actual situation in Angola made her feel like going back home.C) Meeting the landmine victims in person made her believe the statistics.D) Seeing the pain of the victims made her realize the seriousness of the situation.28. Some members of the British government criticized Diana because .A) she was ill-informed of the government's policyB) they were actually opposed to banning landminesC) she had not consulted the government before the visitD) they believed that she had misinterpreted the situation in Angola29. How did Diana respond to the criticisms?A) She paid no attention to them.B) She made more appearances on TV.C) She met the 13-year-old girl as planned.D) She rose to argue with her opponents.30. What did Princess Diana think of her visit to Angola?A) It had caused embarrassment to the British government.B) It had brought her closer to the ordinary people.C) It had greatly promoted her popularity.D) It had affected her relations with the British government.Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.31. I went along thinking of nothing ______, only looking at things around me.A) in particular B) in harmony C) in doubt D) in brief32. Critics believe that the control of television by mass advertising has ______ the quality of the programs.A) lessened B) declined C) affected D) effected33. I must congratulate you ______ the excellent design of the new bridge.A) with B) of C) at D) on34. There is a fully ______ health center on the ground floor of the main office building.A) installed B) equipped C) provided D) projected35. For more than 20 years, we've been supporting educationalprograms that _____ from kindergartens to colleges.A) move B) shift C) range D) spread36. The ______ at the military academy is so rigid that students can hardly bear it.A) convention B) confinement C) principle D) discipline37. The test results are beyond______; they have been repeated in labs all over the world.A) negotiation B) conflict C) bargain D) dispute38. I was so ______in today's history lesson. I didn’t understand a thing.A) amazed B) neglected C) confused D) amused39. It ______ you to at least 50% off the regular price of either frames or lenses when you buy both.A) presents B) entitles C) credits D) tips40. Deserts and high mountains have always been a ______ to the movement of people from place to place.A) barrier B) fence C) prevention D) jam41. In order to make things convenient for the people, the department is planning to set up some ______ shops in the residential area.A) flowing B) drifting C) mobile D) unstable42. Mr. Smith says: "The media are very good at sensing a mood andthen ______ it."A) overtaking B) enlarging C) widening D) exaggerating43. This is not an economical way to get more water; ______, it is very expensive.A) on the other hand B) on the contrary C) in short D) or else44. It was the first time that such a ______had to be taken at a British nuclear power station.A) presentation B) precaution C) preparation D) prediction45. ______ that he wasn't happy with the arrangements, I tried to book a different hotel.A) Perceiving B) Penetrating C) Puzzling D) Preserving46. The board of the company has decided to ______ its operations to include all aspects of the clothing business.A) multiply B) lengthen C) expand D) stretch47. His business was very successful, but it was at the ______ of his family life.A) consumption B) credit C) exhaustion D) expense48. First published in 1927, the charts remain an ______ source for researchers.A) identical B) indispensable C) intelligent D) inevitable49. Joe is not good at sports, but when it ______mathematics, he is the best in the class.A) comes to B) comes up to C) comes on to D) comes around to50. Doctors warned against chewing tobacco as a ______ for smoking.A) relief B) revival C) substitute D) succession51. When carbon is added to iron in proper ______the result is steel.A) rates B) thicknesses C) proportions D) densities52. You should try to ______ your ambition and be more realistic.A) reserve B) restrain C) retain D) replace53. Nancy is only a sort of ______ of her husband's opinion and has no ideas of her own.A) sample B) reproduction C) shadow D) echo54. Now that spring is here, you can ______ these fur coats till you need them again next winter.A) put over B) put away C) put off D) put down55. There is a _____ of impatience in the tone of his voice.A) hint B) notion C) dot D) phrase56. Please ______dictionaries when you are not sure of word spelling or meaning.A) seek B) inquire C) search D) consult57. At yesterday's party, Elizabeth's boyfriend amused us by ______ Charlie Chaplin.A) copying B) following C) imitating D) modeling58. She keeps a supply of candles in the house in case of power ______.A) failure B) lack C) absence D) drop59. The group of technicians are engaged in a study which ______ all aspects of urban planning.A) inserts B) grips C) performs D) embraces60. The lecture which lasted about three hours was so ______ that the audience couldn't help yawning.A) tedious B) bored C) clumsy D) tiredPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Historians tend to tell the same joke when they are describing history education in America. It's the one 61 the teacher standing in the schoolroom door 62 goodbye to students for the summer and calling 63 them, "By the way, we won World War II."The problem with the joke, of course, is that it's 64 funny. Therecent surveys on 65illiteracy (无知) are beginning to numb(令人震惊): nearly one third of American 17-year-oldscannot even 66 which countries the United States 67 against in that war. One third have no 68 when the Declaration of Independence was 69 . One third thought Columbus reached the New World after 1750. Two thirds cannot correctly 70 the Civil War between 1850 and 1900. 71 when they get the answers right, some are 72 guessing.Unlike math or science, ignorance of history cannot be 73 connected to loss of international 74 . But it does affect our future 75 a democratic nation and as individuals.The 76 news is that there is growing agreement 77 what is wrong with the 78of history and what needs to be 79 to fix it. The steps are tentative (尝试性的) 80 yetto be felt in most classrooms.61. A) about B) in C) for D) by62. A) shaking B) waving C) nodding D) speaking63. A) in B) after C) for D) up64. A) rarely B) so C) too D) not65. A) historical B) educational C) cultural D) political66. A) distinguish B) acknowledge C) identify D) convey67. A) defeated B) attacked C) fought D) struck68. A) sense B) doubt C) reason D) idea69. A) printed B) signed C) marked D) edited70. A) place B) judge C) get D) lock71. A) Even B) Though C) Thus D) So72. A) hardly B) just C) still D) ever73. A) exclusively B) practically C) shortly D) directly74. A) competitiveness B) comprehension C) community D) commitment75. A) of B) for C) with D) as76. A) fine B) nice C) surprising D) good77. A) to B) with C) on D) of78. A) consulting B) coaching C) teaching D) instructing79. A) done B) dealt C) met D) reached80. A) therefore B) or C) and D) asPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction. You should write at least 120 words according to the following guidelines: Your role: a tour guideYour audience: a group of foreign touristsYour introduction should include:●some welcoming words●the schedule for the day●a description of the place the tourists will be visiting(e.g. a scenic spot or a historical site, etc.)You should make the introduction interesting and the arrangements for the day clear to everybody.参考答案听力1. D Mark and the woman had not been in touch for some time2. C The man is meeting the women on behalf of MR. Brown3. C at 10:404. A The man no longer smokes5. B Become a teacher6. D Leave his job to work for her7. B She can help the man out8. A The man was confused about the date of the appointment.9. C The two speakers are seniors at college10. B She als0 found the plot difficult to follow.S1. popularS2. historicalS3. printsS4. instrumentsS5. permittedS6. establishedS7. destroyedS8. In 1897, the library moved into its own building across the street from the CapitolS9. The library provides books and materials to the US Congress and also lends books to other American libraries, government agencies and foreign libraries.S10. Anyone who wants copyright protection for a publication in the US must send two copies to the library.阅读理解11. C the interpersonal relationships within a company12. A give his boss a good impression13. B They feel that such behavior is unprincipled14. D an important factor for personal advancement15. B self-promotion does not necessarily mean flattery16. A block any legislation to ban the private possession of the bomb17. C people's lives will be threatened by the weapon18. A will frighten away any possible intruders19. D the cost of the weapon will put citizens on an unequal basis20. D concerned about the spread of nuclear weapons21. B a challenge to traditional views on the nature of language22. C an English teacher in a university for the deaf23. B a genuine language24. D a language could only exist in the form of speech sounds25. D language is a product of the brain26. A to voice her support for a total ban of landmines27. D Seeing the pain of the victims made her realize the seriousness of the situation28. B they were actually opposed to banning landmines29. A She paid no attention to them30. B It had brought her closer to the ordinary people词汇31. A in particular 32. C affected 33. D on 34. B equipped 35. C range36. D discipline 37. D dispute 38.C confused 39. B entitles 40. A barrier41.C mobile 42.D exaggerating 43.B on the contrary 44.B precaution 45.A Perceiving46.C expand 47. D expense 48.B indispensable 49.A comes to 50.C substitute51.C proportions 52.B restrain 53.D echo 54.B put away 55.A hint56 D consult 57. C imitating 58.A failure 59.D embraces 60.A tedious完型填空61.A about 62. B waving 63.B after 64.D not 65.A historical66.C identify 67.C fought 68.D idea 69.B signed 70.A place71. A Even 72.B just 73. D directly 74. A competitiveness 75.D as76. D good 77.C on 78. C teaching 79. A done 80.C and作文:[参考范文]A brief introduction to a tourist attractionGood morning, ladies and gentleman, welcome to Beijing. To begin with, I would like to introduce myself: I am the tourist guide from China Travel Service and it’s great honor to stay here with all of you for a whole day. Just as the old saying goes, “It is always a pleasure to greet a friend from afar”, I wish all of you to enjoy yourselves during this trip.The following is schedule of the day. The first spot we are going to visit is the Great Wall, the grandest fortification in ancient China. The next sight to look around is the Ming Tombs, which is one of thebest-preserved tombs for 13 emperors in Ming Dynasty more than one thousand years ago. In the afternoon, we will go for the Summer Palace, the royal park for Chinese ancient emperors.Currently we are on the way to the Great Wall. Dating back to the seven century B.C., the Great Wall is constructed by respective states for fortifying against invasion of neighboring states. By the reasons of long history and its length, it becomes one of the eight wonders in the world and represents the highest wisdom and crafts. From the top of the Great Wall, we can enjoy a magnificent view of continuous mountains, green trees and blooming wild flowers. It is no doubt that one says, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man”.Above is my introduction to the Great Wall. If any of you have questions, please feel free to ask me at any time.。
大学英语四级模拟试卷一及参考答案

大学英语四级模拟试卷一及参考答案Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 选择职业是一个人要面对的众多难题之一。
2. 需要花时间去选择职业。
3. 选择职业时可以向多人寻求建议和帮助。
Choosing an OccupationPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked[A],[B],[C]and [D]. For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of Water?Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the nextcentury.“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. Hefears that by the year 2025, as many as one third of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.Where Water GoesOnly 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps.In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow).Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live.In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “t here will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.”Close to HomeWater woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers, layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.)Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Texas, for example, over pumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting.The SourceWhere do contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 millionpeople a year get sick from water borne diseases.In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products. Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollute water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen-rich fertilizer that help plants grow but that can wreak havoc on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates “over enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.What’s the Solution?Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea. “More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick. “There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone—governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”1.What caused the Aral Sea to shrink?[A]The rivers flowing into it have been diverted.[B]Farmers used its water to irrigate their farmland.[C]Government planners over-pumped its water.[D]High temperature made its water badly evaporate.2.The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects .[A]does more good than harm[B]solves more problems than what they created[C]does more harm than good[D]brings more water to people than expected3.The chief causes of water shortage include .[A]population growth and water waste[B]water pollution and dry weather[C]water waste and pollution[D]population growth and water pollution4.Americans could suffer from greatly serious water shortages?[A]living in rich areas[B]living in big cities but poor condition[C]depending on groundwater[D]bearing high standards of safe drinking water in mind5.What is the main pollutant in developed countries?[A]Untreated toxic chemicals from manufacturers.[B]Raw sewage into rivers and streams.[C]Herbicides and pesticides used by farmers.[D]Household cleaners poured down the drain.6.How does algae make threats to life of a body of water?[A]By covering the whole surface of the water.[B]By competitively using oxygen life in water needs.[C]By living more rapidly than other life in water .[D]By releasing hazardous chemicals into water.7.According to Gleick, who should be responsible for solving water-related problems?[A]government and housewives.[B]farmers and manufacturers.[C]ordinary people and manufacturers.[D]government and every person.8. According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages.9.Two thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in.10.In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A],[B],[C]and[D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.[A]Wait for the sale to start.[B]Get further information about the sale.[C]Call the TV station to be sure if the ad is true.[D]Buy a new suit.12.[A]He doesn’t think that John is ill.[B]He thinks that perhaps John is not in very good health.[C]He is aware that John is ill.[D]He doesn’t think that John has a very good knowledge of physics.13.[A]Before six.[B]At six.[C]After six.[D]After seven.14.[A]It is bigger.[B]It has a prettier color.[C]It has a larger yard.[D]It is brighter.15.[A]Australian and American.[B]Guest and host.[C]Husband and wife.[D]Professor and student.16.[A]1∶30.[B]11∶00.[C]9∶30.[D]10∶00.17.[A]He prefers staying at home because the bus is too late. [B]He prefers staying at home because he doesn’t like to travel.[C]He prefers taking a bus because the plane makes him nervous.[D]He prefers traveling with the woman.18.[A]He thinks she should visit her cousin. [B]Her cousin doesn’t visit very often.[C]Her cousin is feeling a lot better today.[D]He doesn’t think her cousin has been at home today.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.[A]Two different types of bones in the human body.[B]How bones help the body move.[C]How bones continuously repair themselves.[D]The chemical composition of human bones.20.[A]They defend the bone against viruses.[B]They prevent oxygen from entering the bone.[C]They break down bone tissue.[D]They connect the bone to muscle tissue.21.[A]They have difficulty identifying these cells.[B]They aren’t sure how these cells work.[C]They’ve learned how to reproduce these cells.[D]They’ve found similar cells in other species.22.[A]To learn how to prevent a bone disease.[B]To understand differences between bone tissue and other tissue.[C]To find out how specialized bone cells have evolved.[D]To create artificial bone tissue.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.[A]A new fuel for buses.[B]The causes of air pollution.[C]A way to improve fuel efficiency in buses.[D]Careers in environmental engineering.24.[A]Her car is being repaired. [B]She wants to help reduce pollution.[C]Parking is difficult in the city.[D]The cost of fuel has increased.25.[A]A fuel that burns cleanly.[B]An oil additive that helps cool engines.[C]A material from which filters are made.[D]An insulating material sprayed on engine partsSection BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D].Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.[A]From three to five months.[B]Three months. [C]Five months.[D]Four months.27.[A]Watch traffic.[B]Obey commands.[C]Cross streets safely.[D]Guard the door.28.[A]Three weeks. [B]Two weeks. [C]Four weeks. [D]Five weeks.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.[A]Two to four times.[B]Four to six times.[C]Four to eight times.[D]Six to ten times.30.[A]Sleeping pills made people go into REM sleep quickly.[B]People had more dreams after they took sleeping pills.[C]People became angry easily because they didn’t take sleeping pills.[D]Sleeping pills prevented people from going into REM sleep.31.[A]People dream so as to sleep better.[B]People dream in order not to go into REM sleep.[C]Because they may run into difficult problems in their dreams.[D]Because in their dreams they may find the answers to their problems.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.[A]A sales representative.[B]A store manager.[C]A committee chairperson.[D]A class president.33.[A]To determine who will graduate this year.[B]To discuss the seating arrangement.[C]To choose the chairperson of the ceremonies.[D]To begin planning the graduation ceremonies.34.[A]Their names, phone numbers and job preference.[B]The names and addresses of their guests.[C]The names of the committee they worked on last year.[D]Their dormitory name, address and phone number.35.[A]In an hour.[B]Next week.[C]In one month.[D]Next year.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.In the English (36)system, students take three very important examinations. The first is the eleven-plus, which is (37) at the age of eleven or a little past. At one time the (38)or (39) shown on the eleven-plus would have (40)if a child stayed in school. Now, however, all children continue in (41) schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow. At the age of fifteen or sixteen, the students are (42)for the Ordinary (43)of the General Certificate of Education. (44). Once students have passed this exam, they are allowed to specialize, so that two thirds or more of their courses will be in physics, chemistry, classical languages, or whatever they wish to study at greater length. (45). Evenat the universities, students study only in their concentrated area, and very few students ever venture out-side that subject again. (46).Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always the 47 of a town. This street was lined on the both sides with many48 businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. In addition, some shops offered49 . There shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. But in the 1950s, a change began to50 place. Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parking placeswere51 to shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces outside the city limits. Open space is what their car drivingcustomers52 . And open space is what they got when the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centers, or rather malls,53 as a collection of small new stores away from crowded city centers. Attracted by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 54areas to outlying malls. And the growing55of shopping centers led in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. By the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 56 of the stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.[A]designed [F]convenience [K]cosmetics[B]take [G]services [L]started[C]heart [H]fame [M]downtown[D]needed [I]various [N]available [C]though [H]popularity [M]cheapnessSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D].You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture—one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonald’s. In some cases, globalizationis a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptanceor rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness. Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.57.According to the passage, which of the following is true?[A]All international managers can learn culture.[B]Business diversity is not necessary.[C]Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.[D]Most people do not know foreign culture well.58.According to the author, the model of Pepsi.[A]is in line with the theories that the business is business the world around [B]is different from the model of McDonald’s[C]shows the reverse of globalization[D]has converged cultural differences59.The two schools of thought.[A]both propose that companies should tailor business approaches to individual cultures[B]both advocate that different policies be set up in different countries [C]admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world[D]both A and B60.This article is supposed to be most useful for those.[A]who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversity[B]who have connections to more than one type of culture[C]who want to travel abroad[D]who want to run business on International Scale61.According to Fortune, successful international companies.[A]earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas[B]all have the quality of patience[C]will follow the overseas local cultures[D]adopt the policy of internationalizationPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, and gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close-ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you.Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or brings the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speedof the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chorus and responses.62.The passage is mainly concerned with .[A]the different tastes of people for sports[B]the different characteristics of sports[C]the attraction of football[D]the attraction of baseball63.Those who don’t like baseball may complain that. [A]it is only to the taste of the old[B]it involves fewer players than football[C]it is not exciting enough[D]it is pretentious and looks funny64.The author admits that.[A]baseball is too peaceful for the young[B]baseball may seem boring when watched on TV[C]football is more attracting than baseball[D]baseball is more interesting than football65.By stating “I could have had my eyes closed.” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence).[A]the third baseman would rather sleep than play the game[B]even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no difference to the result[C]the third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well[D]the consequence was so bad that he could not bear to see it66.We can safely conclude that the author.[A]likes football[B]hates football[C]hates baseball[D]likes baseballPart Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D]on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Who won the WorldCup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play?67 an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets68 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to69 the news. Newspapers have one basic70 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to71 it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 72inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication.73 , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the74and thus the efficiency of their own operations.Today more newspapers are75 and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers76 of the latest news, today’s newspapers77 and influence readers about politics and othe r important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers’economic choices78 advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very79 . Newspapers are sold at a price that80 even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main81 of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The82in selling advertising depends on a newspaper’s value to advertisers. This83 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends84on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment85 in a newspaper’s pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper ’ s value to readers as a source of information 86 the community, city, country, state, nation, and world—and even outer space.67.[A]Just when[B]While[C]Soon after[D]Before68.[A]to give[B]giving[C]given[D]being given69.[A]gather[B]spread[C]carry[D]bring70.[A]reason[B]cause[C]problem[D]purpose71.[A]make[B]publish[C]know[D]write72.[A]another[B]other[C]one another[D]the other73.[A]However[B]And[C]Therefore[D]So74.[A]value[B]ratio[C]rate[D]speed75.[A]spread[B]passed[C]printed[D]completed76.[A]inform[B]be informed[C]to informed[D]informed77.[A]entertain[B]encourage[C]educate[D]edit78.[A]on[B]through[C]with[D]of79.[A]forms[B]existence[C]contents[D]purpose80.[A]tries to cover[B]manages to cover[C]fails to cover[D]succeeds in81.[A]source [B]origin[C]course[D]finance82.[A]way[B]means[C]chance [D]success83.[A]measures[B]measured[C]is measured[D]was measured84.[A]somewhat [B]little[C]much[D]something85.[A]offering[B]offered[C]which offered[D]to be offered86.[A]by [B]with[C]at[D]aboutPart Ⅵ Translation(5 minutes)Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means (想找麻烦).88.Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I (本来不必从银行借钱的).89.(正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how to deal with the situation.90.I (将做实验) from three to five this afternoon.91.If this can’t be settled reasonably, it may be necessary to (诉诸武力).参考答案及解析Part I Writing【写作思路】本文是一篇关于择业的议论文。
2019年6月大学英语四级真题试卷(一)含答案和解析
2019年6月大学英语四级真题试卷(一)作文1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a local farm organized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.A Visit to Guangming Farm Broadens Students’ VisionOrganized by the Student Union, a total of 30 students paid a visit to Guangming Farm, a local farm 50 kilometers away from our school on June 8.Guangming Farm is a state-owned farm mainly planting crops, such as wheat and corn, and producing milk and dairy products. During this visit, the students saw the grand farmland and were deeply impressed by the modern agricultural technology, especially the fully automatic wheat harvesting operation. The trip culminated in a visit to a manufacturing process of dairy products. Mary, a student from School of Foreign Languages, said at the thought of agriculture, what had occurred to her was the images of sweating peasants laboring in the field under thescorching sun. However, this trip totally changed her stereotype on Chinese agriculture.Through their personal experience, the field trip deepens college students’ understanding of the rapid social development, and will exert an ever-lasting influence upon their future study and work.解析:本次四级考试要求写新闻报道,着实让不少考生感到意外,但是细细想来,近几年应用文的趋势已经非常明显,大家应该在备考中做到“面上铺开,重点突出”。
2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案(第1套)
2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案(第1套)大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案(第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to writea short essay on the importance of writing ability and howto develop it. You should write at least 120 words but nomore than180 words.【参考范文】No body could deny that writing is one of the basic abilities for men. Put it another way, it isunlikely to imagine human civilization without writing ability.At the top of the list, if we overlook the significance of writing ability, we will suffer a great difficulty in our daily written communication. In addition to what has been mentioned above, it is advisable for us to attach importance to this ability because writing plays a key in our academic performance. To summarize,writing does carry a positive implication for our life and study.In view of the great value of writing ability, we should take actions to develop this capability.For my part, initially, we are supposed to keep in mind that reading is the first step of writing, so we should read great books as many as possible, learning from the great works how to write concisely and effectively. Moreover, owing to the fact that practice makes perfect, we should frequently practice writing; for example, we may develop the habit of keeping a diary.PartⅡListening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. Atthe end of each news report, you will hear two or threequestions. Both the news report and then questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) andD).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two longconversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hearfour questions. Both the conversation and the questions willbe spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At theend of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.【参考答案】暂缺Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a listof choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the). Nor is the state’’s had air 27 to its south. Fresno, in Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the statethe central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’ hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 .All of which, combined with California All of which, combined with California’’s reputation as the home of technological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’’s Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima s Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima’’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco ’s transit workerswent on strike and the city went on strike and the city’’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, ““cycle to work cycle to work””days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.A.assisted B.collaborating C.consequence D.consumers E.creating F.detail G.domestic H.frequently I.inhabitants J.innovation K. intendedL.outdoor M.pollutants N.restricted O. Sum【参考答案】【参考答案】.M pollutants . .N restricted . .C consequence .J innovation . .F detail . .K intended . . L outdoor .33. B collaborating .34. I inhabitants .35. E creating.Section BDirections : In this section, you are going to read a passagewith ten statements attached to each statement containsinformation given in one of the paragraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You maychoose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph ismarked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.【参考答案】36-40 KDMGB41-45 LHFJCSection CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passageis followed by some questions or unfinished statements. Foreach of them there are four choices marked A), B) , C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people's mental well-being, a study has suggested. UK researchers found moving to a green spacehad a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises or promotions, which only provided ashort-term boost. Co-author Mathew White, from the European Centre for Environment andHuman Health at the University of Exeter, UK, explained that the study showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or anxiety. "There could bea number of reasons,”” he said, “for example, people do many things to make themselves a number of reasons,happier: they strive for promotion or pay rises, or they get married. But the trouble with allthose things is that within six months to a year, people are back to their original baselinelevels of well-being. So, these things are not sustainable; they don’t make us happy in thelong term. We found that for some lottery(彩票)winners who had won more than £500,000the positive effect was definitely there, but after six months to a year, they were back to the baseline."Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lasting positive effect on people's sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after a period of time. To do this, the team used data from the British Household Panel Survey compiled by the University of Essex.Explaining what the data revealed, he said: "What you see is that even after three years, mental health is still better, which is unlike many of the other things that we think will make us happy." He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressed people made more sensible decisions and communicated better.With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green spaces and aThere’’s growing interest among positive impact on human well-being, Dr. White said, “Therepublic policy officials, but the trouble is who funds it. What we really need at a policy level isto decide where the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces.””spaces.46. According to one study, what do green spaces do to people?A) Improve their work efficiency.B) Add to their sustained happiness.C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life.D) Lessen their concerns about material well-being.47. What does Dr. White say people usually do to make themselves happier?A) Earn more money.B) Gain fame and popularity.C) Settle in an urban area.D) Live in a green environment.48. What does Dr. White try to find out about living in a greener urban area?A) How it affects different people.B) How strong its effect is.C) How long its positive effect lasts.D) How it benefits physically49. What did Dr. White research reveal about people living in a green environment?A) Their stress was more apparent than real.B) Their decisions required less deliberation.C) Their memories were greatly strengthened.D) Their communication with others improved.50. According to Dr. White, what should the government do to build more green spacesin cities?A) Find financial support.B) Improve urban planning.C) Involve local residents in the effort.D) Raise public awareness of the issue.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.You probably know about the Titanic, but it was actually just one ofthree state-of-the-art (最先进的) ocean ships back in the day. The Olympic class ships were built by the Harland & Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for the White Star Line company. The Olympic class included the Olympic, the Britannic and the Titanic, What you may not know is that the Titanic wasn’’t even the flagship of this class. All in all, the Olympic may not know is that the Titanic wasnclass ships were marvels of sea engineering, but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates.The Olympic launched first in 1910, followed by the Titanic in 1911, and lastly the Britannic in 1914. The ships had nine decks, and Whits Star Line decided to focus on making them the most luxurious ships on the water.Stretching 269.13 meters, the Olympic class ships were wonders of naval technology, and everyone thought that they would continue to be so for quite some time. However, allsuffered terrible accidents on the open seas, The Olympic got wrecked before the Titanic did, but it was the only one to survive and maintain a successful career of 24 years. The Titanic was the first to sink after famously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912. Following this disaster, the Britannic hit a naval mine in 1916 and subsequently sank as well.Each ship was coal-powered by several boilers constantly kept running by exhausted crews below deck. Most recognizable of the ship designs are the ship’s smoke stacks, but the fourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose. While two of these ships sank, they were all designed with double hulls(船体)believed to make thems and the Britannic’’s tragic , perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanic’’s and the Britannic “unsinkableunsinkable””, perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanicend.The Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and went on to serve as a hospital ship and troop transport in World WarⅠ. Eventually, she was taken out of service in 1935, ending the era of the luxurious Olympic class ocean liners.51.What does the passage say about the three Olympic class ships?A)They performed marvelously on the sea.B)They could all break the ice in their way.C)They all experienced terrible misfortunes.D)They were models of modern engineering.52.What did White Star Line have in mind when it purchased the three ships?A)Their capacity of sailing across all waters.B)The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.C)Their ability to survive disasters of any kind.D)The long voyages they were able to undertake.53.What is said about the fourth stack of the ships?A)It was a mere piece of decoration.B)It was the work of a famous artist.C)It was designed to let out extra smoke.D)It was easily identifiable from afar.54.What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic?A)Their unscientific designs.B)Their captains’’ misjudgment.B)Their captainsC)The assumption that they were built with the latest technology.D)The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.55.What happened to the ship Olympic in the end?A)She was used to carry troops.B)She was converted into a hospital ship.C)She was sunk in World War Ⅰ.D)She was retired after her naval service.【参考答案】46-50 BACDA51-55 CBADDPart IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes totranslate a passage from Chinese into English. You shouldwrite your answer on Answer Sheet 2.过去,乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)一There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals.Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot__.a.if we complete our short-range goalsb.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsc.if we write down the datesd.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon__.a.two yearsb.long-term goalsc.current activitiesd.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,__.a.we will win final successb.we are overwhelmedc.we should build up confidence of successd.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up,__.a.we should stick to them until we complete themb.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesc.we had better wait for the exciting news of successd.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ___.a.those who habe long-term goals will succeedb.writing down the dates may discourage youc.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationd.every should have a goal答案:adcbc二The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical ye ar of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?a. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sb. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sc. U.S. Economy in the 50’sd. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 4 , the word “boom”could best be replaced by______.a. nearby explosionb. thunderous noisec. general public supportd. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.a. confidenceb. confusionc. disappointmentd. suspicion4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?a. Economistsb. Frmaersc. Politiciansd. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ?a. 60%b. 50%c. 33%d. 90%答案:cdabc三Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist."Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____.a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb.call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this passage ,we know that _____.a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb.women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc.the weather on the campus is chillyd.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3.Which of the following statements is true?a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.a.women were told to con centrate on teir workb.women were given information about available administrative jobsc.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5. The title for this passage should be _______.a.The University of Texasburn's Reportc.Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia答案:ddabd四Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案:bdbdb五The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.1.What is the best possible title of the passage?a.Drug and Foodb.Cancer and Healthc.Food and Healthd.Health and Drug2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a.Because of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.4.What are nitrates used for?a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.b.They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to become fatter.5.The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.a.trouble-makingb.color-retainingc.money-makingd.cancer-causing答案:cacbdWhat is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow , orange ,red? If you do ,you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet,shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know,because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colours preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tells us, among other facts,that we do not choose our favourite clour as we grow up----we are born with our preference.If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.Colours do influence our moods----there is no doubt about it .A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand ,black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area ----until it was repainter green.The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply ;perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better,harder ,and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.1."You would rather follow than red" means_______.a.you don't like to follow othersb.you would be a member rather than a leaderc.you would be afraid of following othersd.you would like to be a leader rather than a follower2.If one enjoys life, one is sure to prefer________.a.red to yellowb.blue to orangec.red to greyd.blue to yellow3."They tell us, among other facts,that we don't choose our favourite colours as we grow up." "Among other facts" means______.a.besides other factsb.in regard to other factsc.not considering other factsd.according to other facts4.Which of the following is facts?a.People's preference of one colour to another is instinctb.People's preference of one colour to another is acquired as they grow up.c.More people happen to love brown because they saw something brown when they were bornd.Colours have little influence on our moods5.Those who committed suicide preferred the bridge over the Thames River near london to others because of _______.a.its shapeb.its structurec.its colourd.its building materials答案:bcaac十二Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on street. No man who thought of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Or doesn't it matter? Should you use both hands when you are eating? Should leave one in your lap,or on the table?The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a wonman or offer their seat to a woman , and so will most Americans. Promptness is important both in England and in America. That is , if a dinner invitation is for 7 o'clock , the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable-----especially if they are your guests. When the food was served , one of the guests strated to eat his peas with a knife . The other guests were amused or shocked , but the host calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.1.If one has accepted a dinner invitation ,what should he do if he is tobe late for the dinner?a.He should find an excuseb.He should adk for excuse.c.He should say sorryd.He should telephone to explain his being late.2."It would have been bad manners to make his guests feel foolish or uncomfortable." "Bad manners " means ________.a.uglyb.dishonestc.impolited.shameful3.which of the following do you think is the best tiltle for this passage?a.Social Customs and Customsb.Social Lifec.American and British Customsd.Promptness Is Important4.According to the text, the best host_______.a.tries his best to make his guests feel comfortableb.makes his guests feel excitedc.tries to avoid being naughty to his guestsd.tries to avoid being foolish5.The author of this article may agree with which of the following?a.The guest who ate his peas with a knifeb.The other guests who were amused or shockedc.The host who picked up his knife and began eating in the same wayd.None of the above答案:dcaac十三New Orleans, Louisiana, was established as part of the French Empire in 1718.Its location on the east bank of the Mississippi River gave it control of the American hinerland and it became strategically important to many nations. It was transferred from France to Spain, returned to France,and finally sold by Napoleon to the United States in 1803. The city was the site of a famous battle fought in 1815 between the British, who hoped to control it , and the Americans under General And rew Jackson.The riverbed of the Mississippi is constantly silting and the river is now actually higher than the city. Levees hold back the river and giant pumps are used to move water from the city into the river.Although New Orleans haas beena part of the United States for almost two centuries, its population takes great pride in its French heritage. Louisiana still retains parts of the Code Napoleon which,form many years,was its only law.New Orleans is carefree city and it boasts its hot, spicy Creole seafood and its native Dixieland Jazz. The jackson Square neighborhood maintains its French colonial homes and in other sections are pre-Civil War mansions. Visitors are surprised to find that behind this interesting facade of yesteryear, is a busy industrial and port city. Grain and coal come from the Midwest and foreigh cargoes areunloaded here. New Orleans is no longer a sleepy Southern town----but it's still fun to visit.1.What accounts for the levees and pumps in New Orleans?a.The Mississippi frequently floods the city.b.The riverbed has raised inthe past 200 years.c.The torrential rains flood the city frequently.d.The high humidity cannot otherwise be comtrolled.2.The battle of New Orleans was fought by jackson against______.a.Franceb.Britainc.Spaind.The North3.The Code Napoleon was _______.a.an agreement to sell Louisianab.a body of lawsc.a city pland.a military code for the army4.Which of the following elements does not apply to the attiude of the inhabitants of New Orleans?a.Pride in their French heritage.b.A desire to retain picturesque colonial buildings.c.A refusal to engage in trade and commerced.A praising of Dixieland Jazz.5.Tourists visiting New Orleans are surprised to encounter_____.a.Creole foodb.Dixieland jazzc.bustling cityd.authentic colonial homes答案:bbbcc十四The United States is on the verge of losing its leading place in the world's technology. So says more than one study in recent years. One of the reasons for this decline is the parallel decline in the number of U.S. scientists and engineers.Since 1976,employment of scientists and engineers is up 85 percent. This trend is expected to continue. However, the trend shows that the number of 22-year-olds--the near term source of future PH.D.s-is declining. Further adding to the problem is the increased competition for these candidates from other fields-law,medicine,business,etc. While the number of U.S. PH.D.s in science and engineering declines,the award of PH.D.s to foreign nationals is increasing rapidly.Our inability to motivate students to pursue science and engineering careers at the graduate level is compounded because of the intense demand industry has for bright Bachelor's and Master's degree holders. Too often, promising PH.D.candidates, confronting the cost and financial sacrifice of pursuing their education,find the attraction of industry irresistible.1.The U.S.will come to lose its leading place in technology probably because ________.a. the number of PH.D. degree holders is decliningb. the number of scientists and engineers is decreasingc. the number of 22-year-ilds is decliningd. scientists and engineers are not employed2.The field of science and engineering is facing a competition from ________ .a. technologyb. foreign nationalsc. such fields as law, medicine and businessd. postgraduatesrge-scale enterprises now need _______.a. bright graduates and postgraduatesb. new inventionsc. advanced technologyd. engineers4.Many promising postgraduates are unwilling to pursue a PH.D. degree because _________.a. they are not encouraged to be engaged in scienceb. industry does not require PH.D. holdersc. they have financial difficultiesd. they will spend much time and energy completing PH.D.5.PH.D. candidates "find the attraction of industry irresistible" means that _________.a. they find industry is attracting more and more college studentsb. they don't think they can prevent themselves from working for industryc. they cannot resist any attraction from all sidesd. they cannot work for industry any longer答案:bcadb十五Newdays,a standard for measuring power has changed.These changes foretell a new standard for measuring power.No longer will a nation's political influence be based solely on the strength of its military forces. Of course, military effectiveness will remain a primary primary measure of power.But political influence is also closely tied to industrial competitiveness. It's often said that without its military the Soviet Union would really be a third-world nation. The new standard of opwer and influence that is evolving now places more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic markets of the world.America must recognize this new course of events. Our success in shaping world events over the past 40 years has been the direct result of our ability to adapt technology and to take advantage of the capabilities of our people for the purpose of maintaining peace. Our industrial prowess over most of this period was unchallenged. It is ironic that it is just this prowess that has enabled other countries to prosper and in turn to threaten our industrial leadership.The competitiveness of America's industrial base is an issue bigger than the Department of Defense and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society-government,industry,and education. That is not to say that the Defense Department will not be a strong force in the process because we will. But we simply cannot be, nor should we be, looked upon by others as the savior of American industry.1. Now a nation's political influence depends on _________.a. the strength of its military forcesb. its ability to compete in industryc. economic marketsd. both a and b2. The Soviet Union was not listed as a third-world nation just because of _________.a. its powerful military forcesb. its vast landc. its industrial competitivenessd. its contributions to world peace3. The author indicates that ______ is threatening American political power.a. other countriesb. the declining U.S. industrial basec. a new standard for measuring powerd. less advanced technology4. America succeeded in shaping world events over past 40 years probably because of ___________.a. its ability to adapt technologyb. its ability to take advantage of the capabilities of its peoplec. its ability to compete in the world marketsd. both a and b5. The purpose of writing this article is __________.a. to draw the readers' attention to a new standard for measuring powerb. to demonstrate American political influence in the worldc. to emphasize that efforts must be made to strengthen the declining U.S. industrial based. to show American industrial prowess答案:dabdc。
大学英语四级完型填空强化真题试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语四级完型填空强化真题试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1.The work for which Thomas Malthus is still most widely known is his Essay on the Principle of Population, which first appeared in 1798. This book introduced Malthus’s【C1】______ that population inescapably outgrows subsistence(生活资料), and that this difference【C2】______ population size and the ability to adequately meet the【C3】______ subsistence needs of all the members of that population “ naturally “ produces a fundamental struggle for【C4】______ , in which some flourish at the【C5】______ of others. Charles Darwin’s most important contribution【C6】______ the field of biology, described in his work, On the Origin of Species, was to【C7】______Malthus’s observation that plants and animals multiply faster than nature can provide for them to his own【C8】______ of the process of “evolution”—the notion that different forms of life develop【C9】______ from a common ancestry(祖先). Combining these elements, Darwin【C10】______that the factors of “ the struggle for existence” and “the survival of the fittest” are the central mechanisms【C11】______ which evolution is based. In this sense, then, Darwin introduced the possibility【C12】______ conflict and struggle are biological phenomena, which are【C13】______central to human social existence. A number of more contemporary social thinkers were【C14】______ by Darwin and continued this particular version of the conflict perspective, commonly referred to【C15】______ social Darwinism, into the twentieth century. Thus, for example, Herbert Spencer, a 【C16】______ English social theorist, applied these ideas of the natural【C17】______of conflict and survival of the fittest to his notion of social evolution,【C18】______ William Graham Sumner, an American sociologist, saw the【C19】______ for survival among individual actors as operating to bring about fundamental【C20】______ in the quality of human social life overall.1.【C1】A.schemeB.referenceC.theoryD.illusion正确答案:C解析:名词辨义。
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大学英语四级试卷 (满分120分,考试时间90分钟) 一、选择题:(本题共20小题,每小题3分,共60分)
1. He is ______ a ballplayer. A. as good if not better than his brother as B. as good as if not better than his brother as C. as good as, not better than his brother like D. as good as if not better than his brother as for 2. Coal, though ______ than either oil or gas, is still a finite resource. A. much energy more abundant source B. the much more energy abundant source C. a much more abundant energy source D. energy source more abundant 3. Only in recent years have people begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds, often do ______. A. better than harmful B. better not more harmful C. more good than harm D. better than they do harmfully 4. Most substances contract when they freeze so that the density of a substance’s solid is ______ of its liquid. A. than the higher density B. higher than the density C. the density is higher than that D. the higher the density 5. Liberals tend to favour ______ conservatives do . A. more than immediate social change B. change more immediate than social C. more immediate social change than D. social change more than immediate 6. Light comes in _______ the window. A. by B. through C. out of D. in 7. The young worker expressed the indignation _______ being dismissed without any reason. A. for B. at C. to D. of 8. Science has brought _______ many changes in our life. A. out B. into C. about D. forward 9. ______ onetime, Manchester, New Hampshire, was the home of the most productive cotton mills in the world. A. On B. At C. By D. To 10. If something is out _______ the question, it is impossible. A. of B. to C. with D. in 11. She told me that an earthquake ______ in my hometown. A. occurred B. had occurred C. was occurred D. has occurred 12. Have you got used ______ in a totally strange country? A. to live B. to have lived C. to living D. to be living 13. We’d rather you ______ the account tomorrow. A. settled B. settle C. would settle D. will settle 14. ______ the large amount of time devoted to listening every day, most college students do not listen effectively. A. Moreover B. Nevertheless C. Despite D. Furthermore 15. The Smithsonian Institution preserves more than sixty-five million items of scientific, historical, or artistic interest, ______ winning the popular title "attic of the nation." A. however B. thus C. and D. moreover 16. If the sun ______, the players could have finished the game. A. had shine B. did shine C. were shining D. had shone 17. If she ______ the measles, she could have gone to the park. A. hadn't B. hadn't had C. had had D. haven't 18. If we _______, we could have made it. A. had worked hard B. would have worked hard C. did worked hard D. work hard 19. The policemen would have caught the murderer _______ a few minutes earlier. A. were they to arrive B. had they arrived C. if they should have arrived D. if they would have arrived 20. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he _______ our chairman now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be 二、完型填空(共计20分) There are more than forty universities in Britain—nearly twice as many as in 1960.During the1960s eight completely new ones were founded, and ten other new ones were created 1 converting oldcolleges of technologys into universities.In the same period the 2 of students more than doubled, from70,000 to 3 than 200,000.By 1973 about 10% of men aged from eighteen 4 twenty-one were inuniversities and about 5% of women.All the universities are private institutions.Each has its 5 governing councils, 6 some local businessmen and local politicians as 7 a few academics(大学教师).The statebegan to give grants to them fifty years 8 , and by 1970 each university derived nearly all its 9 from stategrants.Students have to 10 fees and living costs, but every student may receive from the local authorityof the place 11 he lives a personal grant which is enough to pay his full costs, including lodging and 12unless his parents are 13 .Most 14 take jobs in the summer 15 about six weeks, but they do not