鲁教版八年级下册第四单元
鲁教版八年级下册英语Units1-4单元短语总结
鲁教版八年级下册U1-U4短语复习Unit 11.be born in sp 出生在某地2.be born in＋年/月出生在。
3.be born on＋天出生在...天4.be born into...出生在一个。
的家庭5.drop out of school 辍学6.try every means to do sth想方设法做事7.at hand接近的，不远的8.be kind to sb=be friendly to对...友好9.break up破裂，解散10.start/begin to do/doing sth开始做某事11.stop doing sth停止做某事12.stop to do sth停下来去做某事13.get in trouble陷入麻烦14.expect to do sth期待做某事15.so...that...如此。
以至于16.be published被出版17.be made into...被改编成...18.become interested in...对....感兴趣19.too...to do sth太...而不能做某事20.for example=such as例如21.in his later years在他的晚年22.continue to do sth继续做某事23.take piano lessons上钢琴课24.the poet of the piano钢琴诗人25.touch the hearts of his listeners触动听者心灵26.one of the most famous groups最著名的乐队之一27.get to number 1 得到第一名28.keep on doing sth继续坚持做某事Unit 229.the secret to... ...的秘诀30.suggest doing sth建议做某事31.wait in line排队等候32.sth cost sb money 某物花费某人多少钱33.Sb spend money/time doingsth/on sth花费钱/时间做某事/在某物上34.It takes sb time to do sth花费某事多长时间35.sb pay money for sth某人为某物付多少钱36.small talk闲聊37.break the ice打破僵局38.avoid doing sth避免做某事39.in general 通常，大体上40.forget to do sth忘记要做某事41.forget doing sth忘记做过某事42.be strict with sb对某人严格43.be strict in sth对某事严格44.sth happen to sb某事发生在某人身上45.feel unsure of...对...不确定46.make sb/sth adj 让某人....47.make sb do sth让某人做某事48.introduce sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人49.keep doing sth继续做某事50.so...that...如此。
鲁教版八年级下册前四个单元英语作文
鲁教版八年级下册前四个单元英语作文全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: My English Learning Journey in Grade 8Hi everyone, I am a Grade 8 student and today I want to share with you my experience of learning English in the first four units of the textbook. It has been a fun and exciting journey for me and I have learned a lot of new things.In Unit 1, we learned about different countries and their cultures. I enjoyed learning about the different customs and traditions in other countries. I also learned a lot of new words related to travel and tourism. It was interesting to read about famous landmarks and tourist attractions around the world.In Unit 2, we learned about environmental issues and how we can protect our planet. I was shocked to learn about the impact of pollution and deforestation on the environment. I made a promise to myself to do my part in saving the planet by recycling and reducing waste. I also learned a lot of new vocabulary related to the environment.In Unit 3, we learned about healthy living and the importance of exercise and eating right. I enjoyed the lessons on sports and fitness. I learned new words related to different sports and activities. I also started eating more fruits and vegetables and exercising regularly to stay healthy.In Unit 4, we learned about technology and how it has changed our lives. I was amazed at how quickly technology is advancing and how it is affecting our daily lives. I learned a lot of new words related to technology and how to use them in sentences.Overall, I have enjoyed learning English in Grade 8 and I look forward to learning more in the coming units. English is a fun and exciting language to learn and I am grateful for the opportunity to study it. Thank you for listening to my story. Bye!篇2Hello everyone! Today I want to tell you about the first four units in the Lu teaching version of the eighth grade English textbook. Are you ready? Let's go!In Unit 1, we learned about different types of houses and rooms. Wow, it was so interesting to see all the different houses from around the world! I learned that people in some countrieslive in igloos, while others live in houseboats. It's amazing how diverse our world is!In Unit 2, we talked about different ways to travel. We learned about different modes of transportation like cars, trains, planes, and boats. My favorite part was when we talked about traveling by hot air balloon. Wouldn't that be so cool to fly high in the sky like that?Unit 3 was all about daily routines and activities. We learned how to talk about our daily schedules and what we like to do in our free time. I love playing soccer with my friends after school, and I also enjoy reading books before bedtime. What about you?Finally, in Unit 4, we discussed healthy habits and staying fit. It's important to eat well, exercise regularly, and get enough sleep. I learned that staying healthy is not just good for our bodies, but also for our minds. So let's remember to take care of ourselves!Overall, I really enjoyed studying these four units in the Lu teaching version of the eighth grade English textbook. I can't wait to learn more in the next units! Thanks for listening, everyone! Bye bye!篇3Hi guys, I'm gonna tell you all about what we've learned in the first four units of Grade 8 English in Lu's Edition.In Unit 1, we talked about our daily routines and hobbies. I love to get up early, have breakfast, go to school, play with my friends, do my homework, and then watch some TV before bed. My hobby is drawing, and I like to draw animals and nature scenes. What about you? What's your daily routine and hobby?Unit 2 was all about food and healthy eating. We learned about different types of food like fruits, vegetables, meat, and grains. We also talked about the importance of eating healthy and exercising regularly. I like to eat fruits and veggies, but I also enjoy the occasional treat like ice cream or cake. What's your favorite food, and do you try to eat healthy too?In Unit 3, we discussed our future dreams and aspirations. I want to be a doctor when I grow up because I love helping people and making them feel better. Some of my friends want to be teachers, scientists, or musicians. What do you want to be when you grow up? Don't forget to dream big and work hard to make your dreams come true!The last unit we studied was all about travel and vacations. I love to travel and explore new places. My favorite vacation was when my family went to the beach and I got to swim in the oceanand build sandcastles. Where is your favorite place to travel, and what's the best vacation you've ever had?That's a quick summary of what we've learned so far in Grade 8 English. I hope you enjoyed reading about it! Let me know if you have any questions or if you want to share your own experiences. Keep studying hard and have fun learning English!篇4Unit 1:Hi everyone! Today I want to talk about the first unit in our Grade 8 English textbook. It's all about hobbies and how to talk about them. I have a lot of hobbies like playing soccer, drawing, and watching movies.My favorite hobby is playing soccer. I play with my friends every weekend at the park. We have so much fun running around and kicking the ball. Sometimes we even have mini matches and compete to see who can score the most goals.Another hobby I like is drawing. I love to be creative and make beautiful pictures with colored pencils and markers.Sometimes I draw pictures of my friends or my favorite cartoon characters.Watching movies is also a hobby of mine. I enjoy going to the cinema with my family or watching movies at home. I like all kinds of movies, from action to comedy to animated ones. My favorite movie is about superheroes saving the world. It's so exciting!Overall, hobbies are a great way to relax and have fun. I hope you all have hobbies that you enjoy too!Unit 2:Hi friends! Today I want to tell you about the second unit in our Grade 8 English book. It's all about travel and different places around the world. I love to travel and see new things.One of my dream destinations is Japan. I want to visit Tokyo and see the beautiful cherry blossoms in spring. I also want to try authentic sushi and visit ancient temples.Another place I want to go is Paris, France. I want to see the Eiffel Tower and eat delicious pastries. I also want to visit the Louvre Museum and see famous paintings like the Mona Lisa.Traveling is so exciting because you get to see different cultures and try new things. I hope one day I can visit all the places I dream of. Where do you want to travel to?Unit 3:Hello everyone! Today I want to talk about the third unit in our Grade 8 English book. It's all about environmental issues and how we can help protect the planet. It's important for us to take care of the environment.One way we can help is by recycling. We can separate our trash into different bins for paper, plastic, and glass. This way, we can reduce waste and help save the earth from pollution.Another way to protect the environment is by saving energy. We can turn off lights and electronics when we're not using them. We can also use public transportation or walk instead of driving a car to reduce air pollution.It's up to us to make a difference and protect our planet for future generations. Let's all do our part to make the world a better place. Together, we can make a difference!Unit 4:Hey guys! Today I want to share with you the fourth unit in our Grade 8 English book. It's all about communication and howto express ourselves effectively. Communication is important in our daily lives.One way we can communicate better is by listening actively. When someone is talking to us, we should pay attention and show that we're interested in what they're saying. This way, we can understand each other better.Another way to improve communication is by using body language. We can use gestures and facial expressions to express our feelings and thoughts. It's important to be aware of how we come across to others.Good communication skills can help us build strong relationships with our friends, family, and classmates. Let's all practice communicating effectively and show respect to others. Communication is key!篇5Hello everyone! Today I want to share with you about the first four units in the Lu teaching version of the eighth grade English book.In Unit 1, we learned about different types of jobs and what we want to be when we grow up. We also learned how to talkabout our future plans and dreams. I want to be a doctor when I grow up because I want to help people and make them feel better.Unit 2 was all about sports and hobbies. We talked about our favorite sports and activities, and learned how to express our opinions about them. I love playing soccer with my friends after school, it's so much fun!In Unit 3, we focused on describing people's appearances and personalities. We learned new adjectives to describe how people look and act. My best friend is tall and funny, she always makes me laugh!Unit 4 was about food and cooking. We learned about different types of food and how to talk about our favorite dishes.I love eating pizza and ice cream, they are so yummy!Overall, these four units were really interesting and fun to learn. I can't wait to keep studying English and improving my skills. Thank you for listening to my little article!篇6Hi everyone! Today I'm going to talk about the first four units of the Lu teaching version of the eighth grade English textbook. Are you ready? Let's dive in!In Unit 1, we learned about different ways to greet people and introduce ourselves. We practiced saying "hello" and asking "how are you?". It was so much fun to role-play and act out different scenarios. I even got to pretend to be a famous celebrity and have people ask me for my autograph!Unit 2 was all about hobbies and interests. We got to talk about what we like to do in our free time and learn new vocabulary like "playing sports" and "reading books". I discovered that a lot of my friends have similar hobbies to me, which was really cool. It made me feel like we have a special connection!Next, in Unit 3, we talked about our families and described our relatives. It was interesting to hear about everyone's family members and their relationships with them. I realized that every family is unique and special in their own way. Some of my friends have big families with lots of siblings, while others have only a few relatives. It's so cool to learn about our differences!Lastly, in Unit 4, we discussed different foods and how to order at a restaurant. We practiced saying phrases like "I'd like ahamburger, please" and "Can I have a glass of water?". I even got to create my own menu and act as a waiter for my classmates. It was a blast pretending to take their orders and serve them imaginary food!Overall, I had a great time learning these new concepts in the Lu teaching version of the eighth grade English textbook. I can't wait to continue exploring the world of English and improving my language skills. Thanks for listening, and I hope you enjoyed my little recap!篇7Oh, my goodness, I have to write a super long essay about the first four units of the eighth grade English textbook of Shandong Edition! Well, here goes nothing:Unit 1:In this unit, we learned about different types of food and how to order them at a restaurant. I really liked the role plays we did in class where we got to pretend to be waiters and customers. It was so much fun to practice speaking English in a real-life situation!Unit 2:This unit was all about sports and activities. I love playing basketball and soccer, so I had a blast learning new vocabulary words related to these sports. I also learned how to talk about my hobbies and interests with my classmates. Now we can all share what we like to do in our free time!Unit 3:Unit 3 focused on describing people and their personalities. It was interesting to learn about different adjectives we can use to talk about ourselves and others. I found it especially fun to create profiles for fictional characters and describe their looks and personalities. It was like we were making up our own stories!Unit 4:The last unit we studied was about shopping and clothes. I enjoyed learning how to describe different types of clothing items and accessories. It was cool to practice negotiating prices and asking for discounts in English. I can't wait to go shopping with my friends and show off my new language skills!Overall, I had a great time learning English in these first four units. I feel more confident in my speaking and listening skills now, and I can't wait to keep improving in the rest of the school year. English class is so much fun!篇8Hi everyone, today I want to share with you the English essays from the first four units of Lu's eighth grade textbook. Let's get started!In Unit 1, we learned about my daily routine. Every day, I wake up at 7 o'clock in the morning. Then I brush my teeth, wash my face and have breakfast. After that, I go to school by bus. In school, I have different classes like math, English, and science. I have lunch at 12 o'clock. After school, I play with my friends in the park. In the evening, I do my homework and have dinner with my family. Before going to bed, I like to read a book.Unit 2 is all about describing people. My best friend is Lisa. She has long brown hair and big blue eyes. She is very kind and always helps me with my homework. Lisa is also good at sports and loves to play basketball. We have so much fun together!Unit 3 is about food and drinks. My favorite food is pizza. I like it because it is cheesy and delicious. I also love to drink orange juice. It is refreshing and healthy. On weekends, my family and I often go to a restaurant to enjoy a nice meal together.Unit 4 is about hobbies and interests. I love to draw and paint. I spend hours creating beautiful artworks. I also enjoy playing the guitar. Music is my passion. Sometimes, I perform for my friends and family.I hope you enjoyed reading about the first four units of Lu's eighth grade English textbook. There are so many interesting topics to learn about in English class. Let's keep practicing and improving our English skills together!篇9Unit 1: My School LifeHello everyone! Today, I want to talk about my school life with you guys. My school is really cool and I love it a lot. We have so much fun in class and during break time.In the morning, we have different subjects like English, Math, Science, and History. My favorite subject is English because I love to read and write stories. But sometimes Math can be a bit tricky for me, especially when we have to do fractions.During break time, my friends and I like to play soccer in the school field. We have so much fun running around and scoringgoals. Sometimes we also have snacks like sandwiches and fruits. The canteen lady makes the best sandwiches ever!After school, I go to the library to borrow books. I love reading adventure stories and mysteries. The librarian is really nice and always recommends great books for me to read.Overall, I really enjoy my school life and learning new things every day. I can't wait for more fun adventures and memories in the future!Unit 2: My FamilyHey guys! Let me tell you about my family. I have a mom, a dad, and a little sister. We all live in a cozy house with a big garden. We have a dog named Buddy who loves to play fetch with me.My mom is a chef and she cooks the best food ever. I love it when she makes spaghetti and meatballs. My dad is a carpenter and he makes cool furniture for our house. My little sister is still a baby and she's always laughing and giggling.We like to have family movie nights on Fridays. We make popcorn, cuddle up on the couch, and watch our favorite movies together. It's so much fun!I love my family so much and I'm grateful for all the love and support they give me. They mean the world to me.Unit 3: My HobbiesHi everyone! Let's talk about our hobbies. My favorite hobby is drawing. I love to doodle and create colorful artworks. Sometimes I draw portraits of my friends and family.I also enjoy playing the piano. I've been learning it for a few years now and I can play some pretty cool songs. My favorite piece to play is "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star."Another hobby of mine is gardening. I have a small garden in our backyard where I grow flowers and vegetables. It's so relaxing to be surrounded by nature and watch the plants grow.During the weekends, my friends and I like to go biking in the park. We ride our bikes, explore different trails, and have picnics under the shade of a tree. It's so much fun being outdoors and enjoying the fresh air.Having hobbies makes me happy and helps me relax. It's important to have things that we enjoy doing in our free time.Unit 4: My Future DreamsHey guys! Let's talk about our future dreams. When I grow up, I want to be an astronaut. I've always been fascinated by space and the stars. I want to explore the universe and see what's out there.I also dream of traveling around the world. I want to visit different countries, learn about their cultures, and taste different kinds of food. It would be so exciting to see the Eiffel Tower in Paris and the Great Wall of China.Another dream of mine is to write a book. I love reading stories and one day, I want to create my own. I want to inspire others with my words and imagination.But most importantly, I want to be happy and surrounded by people I love. I want to have a family of my own and create unforgettable memories with them.What are your future dreams, guys? Let's chase after them together and make them come true!篇10Hello everyone! Today, I want to share with you some of the things I learned in the first four units of Lu Teach Eighth Grade English textbook.In Unit 1, we learned about hobbies and interests. I found it really interesting to read about what other people like to do in their free time. I talked about my favorite hobbies with my classmates and we had a lot of fun sharing our interests with each other.In Unit 2, we studied different ways to express opinions. It was cool to learn new phrases and words that can help us communicate our thoughts and feelings better. Now, when I want to express my opinion, I can do it confidently and clearly.Unit 3 was all about describing people and things. I had a great time practicing how to describe my friends and family members. I even learned some new adjectives that I can use to describe things around me. It was a lot of fun!Lastly, in Unit 4, we learned about planning and scheduling. I now know how to make plans for my day and organize my time effectively. It has helped me become more responsible and better at managing my time.Overall, I have enjoyed studying these four units in Lu Teach Eighth Grade English textbook. I can't wait to learn more in the upcoming units and continue to improve my Englishskills.2000,！！。
鲁教版八年级英语下册Unit 4 How can we become good learners 【
Unit 4 How can we become good learners 【Period 4】SectionB (1a-2a)导学案【学习目标】1、谈谈学习英语中遇到的困难及解决方法；2、通过听力训练，熟练掌握词汇及重点句型；3、利用重要句型进行练习并编演对话。
【学习重点与考点】谈谈学习英语中遇到的困难及解决方法。
【学习过程】1、I don’t know how to increase my reading speed. 我不知道怎样用逗号。
increase my reading speed为“疑问词+动词不定式”的复合结构，在句中做及物动词的宾语。
如：I wonder where to go . 我想知道去哪里。
Can you tell me __________________. 你能告诉我怎样去做吗？I have known _____________________ .我已经知道什么时候走。
2、get...right “使…正确”这种get+宾语+宾语补足语结构通常表示“使某人或某物处于某种状态或位置”。
这项工作使大家都很疲劳。
译：The work _____________________.3、have a partner to practise English with “ to practise English with”做partner 的后置定语，a partner 又是介词with 的逻辑宾语。
Eg. a room to live in ，some pape r to write on4. speak→ spoke → spokenspoken English 英语口语written English 书面英语speaking skills 口语技巧anEnglish-speaking country 一个说英语的国家①Can you understand ________(speak) English?② ______ well is very useful to us all. A. Speak English B. Speaking English C. Spoken EnglishD. Speaks③Reading aloud is good for your _____________(speak) English.④He wants to improve his __________ English, by ________English with native____________.(speak)5. mistake →mistook → mistakenmake mistakes犯错mistake …for… 把…误认为… by mistake 错误地①Yesterday I ____________（犯错误），I_________ Mr. Wang ___ Mr. Zhang（把……误认为），and said hello to Mr. Wang ___________(错误地).② My brother often makes mistakes _____ grammar.A. ofB. byC. atD. in③Tom was so careless that he often _____ in the exam.A. make mistakeB. made mistakesC. by mistake④ She seldom(很少) speaks English after c lass, for she was afraid ____ mistakes ___ grammar.A. to make; ofB. making; ofC. to be made; inD. of making; in【make短语】: make the bed 整理床铺make face 做鬼脸make a living 谋生make friends 交朋友make fun of = laugh at 取笑ma ke money 赚钱6. join/take part in(1) join=be a member of 参加,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。
鲁教版八年级英语下册单词
鲁教版八年级英语下册单词Unit 1 第一单元单词amusement娱乐；消遣neither（二者）都不have a great time玩的愉快Disneyland 迪斯尼乐园Mickey Mouse米老鼠Donald duck唐老鸭character人物；角色seen see的过去分词theme主题attraction有吸引力的事物（人）roller coaster过山车cruise巡游；巡航board甲板on board在船上route路线end up结束;结果为…island 岛；岛屿especially特别；尤其exchange student交换生attendant服务员flight attendant(飞机上的)空中服务员discover发觉;发现requirement要求，必要条件guide导游film电影southeast东南部.东南的wonderful极好的holiday假日;假期;节日quarter四分之一;一刻钟three quarters四分之三population人口fear害怕;担心brave勇敢的;无畏的excellent卓越的;极好的Indian印度的;印度人的Night Safari （新加坡）夜间野生动物园dark黄昏;黑暗daytime白天;日间wake醒来;唤醒wake up 睡醒;醒来fox狐狸natural自然的;自然界的environment环境temperature温度all year round一年到头;终年equator赤道whenever无论如何spring春天autumn秋天season季节type类型awake醒着的Claudia克劳迪娅（女名）Harvey哈维（男名）Tina蒂娜(女名)Leonardo里昂那多（男名）Unit 2 第二单元单词flashcard抽认卡vocabulary词汇aloud出声地，大声地pronunciation发音，发音法specific明确的，具体的memorize记住，熟记grammar语法;语法规则differently 不同地;有区别地frustrate使失望;使沮丧;使厌烦frustrating令人失望的;令人沮丧的;令人厌烦的quickly快地;迅速地add补充;继续说excited 激动的；兴奋的not at all 根本不;全然不end up以…结束;结果为…;意外到达（某处）pronounce 发……音;正确(或清晰地)吐(字、音等)spoken口语的;口头的slowly慢地;缓慢地mistake错误;过失make mistakes 犯错;出错comma逗号challenge挑战solution(问题、疑难等的)解决;解答later on以后;随后realize认识到;了解到matter重要;要紧;有关系it doesn't matter没关系afraid 害怕的;犯愁的be afraid to 害怕去做;不敢去做laugh at嘲笑;取笑complete完整的;完全的sentence句子secret秘诀;诀窍;秘密learner学习者take notes做笔记;做记录term学期impress使感动;使印象深刻trouble困难;苦恼fast快地;迅速地look up 查阅soft软的make up 编造;组成essay文章deal处理;应付deal with 处理;应付unless如果不;除非unfair不公平的solve解决regard 将……视为duty责任;义务easily容易地influence影响;对…作用be angry with 生……的气go by(指时间)过去;消失friendship友情;友谊lose失去disagreement 分歧;不一致;意见不合development发育;成长;发育;发展adult成年人try one's best 尽力做……unimportant不重要的face 面临;面对;正视soldier军人;士兵break off 突然中止;中断psychologist 心理学家;心理学研究者Pierre皮埃尔(男名) Antonio安东尼奥(男名)Lillian莉莲(女名)Stephen Hawking史蒂芬·霍金Unit 3 第三单元单词used to过去经常(后接不定式，表示过去的习惯)be interested in对……感兴趣airplane飞机terrify使害怕;使恐惧be terrified of 非常害怕的;极度恐惧的go to sleep 入睡on开着的;接通的;工作着的insect 昆虫candy糖果chew咀嚼gum口香糖chat 聊天;闲谈daily每日的comic连环漫画death死afford负担得起；买得起cause造成;使发生himself(反身代词)他自己patient有耐心的;忍耐的in the end最后decision决定;决心make a decision做决定head teacher 班主任necessary必要的;必须的to one's surprise令人惊奇的是......exactly恰恰even though即使no longer 不再take pride in 对......感动自豪attention注意;专心;留心pay attention to对......注意give up放弃waste浪费not...any more不再...Murray默里(姓氏)Unit 4 第四单元单词pierce刺穿;刺破license(=licence)执照;许可证silly愚蠢的earring耳环instead of 代替stay up熬夜concentrate集中;聚集concentrate on全神贯注;专注于study学习;研究design设计;构思present 目前;现在at present目前opportunity机会volunteer自愿(做某事) 志愿者local 当地的;当地的experience经历;体验member 会员;成员mess混乱;脏乱old people's home养老院sleepy困倦的;不活跃的reply 答复newsletter时速通讯;简报obey服从in the way挡道的;妨碍人的achieve 完成;实现race 赛跑;比赛与......比赛;参加赛跑realistic现实的;注重实际的taught teach的过去式或过去分词importance重要性care关心care about 担心;关心succeed成功point 要点Kathy 凯西(女名)Unit 5 第五单元单词prefer 更喜爱lyric歌词;抒情词句gentle轻柔的;柔和的dislike不喜欢remind of提醒;使记起heart 心;内心string 细绳;线sink 下沉;沉没Yellow River 黄河fisherman渔民;渔夫latest最近的entertainment 娱乐;乐趣;快乐feature特点;特征photography 摄影;照相gallery美术馆;画廊photographer摄影者;摄影师display 展览;陈列on display 展览;陈列photograph 照片;相片interest 引起......关注;使......感兴趣class 等级;类别whatever pron不管什么;无论什么miss 错过;遗漏suggest 显示;间接表明;暗示energy活力;力量okay 好的pro赞成的观点con 反对的观点honest诚实的;真诚的course课程suit适合;使感到满意suit sb.(fine) (口语)(很)合某人的意;对某人(很)合适expect 期待;预料sweet甜的taste品尝;尝起来to be honest (作插入语)老实说;说实在的be bad for对.....有害actually实际上;说实在的fry油剪;油炸mainly主要地;首要地stay away from与......保持距离be in agreement意见一致itself (反身代词)它自己;它本身laboratory实验室type类型;种类cancer 癌症barecue 户外烤肉餐;(户外烤制的)烤肉v.(尤指在户外)烤肉increase 增加;增大risk 危险;风险biscuit 饼干main主要的;首要的exclamation感叹语tag question 附加疑问句contraction缩略词;缩略形式tasty.味道好的;味美可口的vegetarian 素食主义者shock 使......震惊Carmen 卡门(女名)Dan Dervish 丹.德维什Unit 6 第六单元单词tiring引起疲劳的;累人的educational 教育的;有教育意义的peaceful 平静的;宁静的fascinating 迷人的;有极大吸引力thrilling令人激动的take it easy 从容;轻松;不紧张Florida 佛罗里达州trek长途跋涉Amazon 亚马逊河jungle 热带丛林fall瀑布Niagara Falls尼亚加拉大瀑布touristy 游客很多的;适合浏览的spotlight 公众注意的中心consider 考虑;思考;认为lively 充满活力的;活泼的sight 名胜;风景including 包含;包括tower 塔;塔楼Eiffel Tower 埃菲尔铁塔cathedral总教堂;大教堂Notre Dame Cathedral 巴黎圣母院church教堂convenient 便利的;方便的underground 地下的general一般事物;一般原则in general 通常;大体上;一般而言wine葡萄酒;酒translate 翻译pack把......打包;把.....装箱light 轻的wonderful 极好的Ace Travel 旅游社名eastern 东方的provide 提供;供应;供给firm 公司spot 地点;场所Confucius孔子sail航行;在...上航行Pacific太平洋finding发现;发现物;调查(或研究)的结果thousands of 数以千计的;许许多多的as soon as possible尽快地continue(使)继续;坚持下去programming编程translator翻译员report 报道;报告willing 乐意的;自愿的;心甘情愿的be willing to 乐意(做某事)quite a few 相当多;不少dream 做梦;梦想dream of梦想;幻想;向往sportspeople 爱好运动的人;运动员conclusion 结论hold on to 继续;坚持;保持come true(预言、期望等)实现；成为事实attitude态度Unit 7 第七单元单词clean up (把...)打扫干净hunger饥饿homeless无家可归的cheer up使振奋;使高兴起来give out 发放clean-up 打扫sign标牌advertisement广告;广告活动put off 推迟;拖延set up摆放;放置establish建立;建造;设立think up想出major主要的commitment奉献;忠诚elementary基础的;小学的veterinarian 兽医coach训练;指导take after在外貌、性格等方面）与（父母等）相像fix修理fix up 修理;修补give away 赠送；分发repair修理;修补similar相似的;相仿的put up张贴;搭建ask for要求;请求hand out 分发;发放call-in （=phone-in）听（观）众来电直播节目strategy方法;策略work out 产生结果;发展website （互联网的）站点disabled 肢体残疾的organization 组织;机构fill装满;填满pleasure愉快;高兴blind盲的deaf聋的unable 不能的;不会的cannot=can'timagine想像shut关上（门、窗、盖等）carry 搬运;携带help(sb.)out 帮助（某人）解决困难specially特意地;专门地fetch拿来;请来at once立即;马上support支持;帮组appreciate 感激donation捐赠物;捐赠part of speech 词性;词类pronoun 代词adverb 副词preposition 介词conjunction连词donate 捐赠;赠送Jimmy 吉米(男名)Sally 萨莉(女名)Unit 8 第八单元单词bathing游泳;洗澡suit （一套）衣服bathing suit 游泳衣towel 手巾;毛巾water 浇灌;浇水guidebook手册;指南clean out清除;打扫......干净refrigerator冰箱garage 汽车库;汽车间suitcase （旅行用）小提箱;衣箱get back to sb. (口语)过一会再与某人通话chop砍;劈;剁wood 木头;木材light 点燃;点着well井;水井farm农场;农庄anyway不管怎样;不管采用何种方式award奖赏;奖金;奖品wave波浪;波涛scene 舞台hit 成功且轰动一时的事物(如歌曲等);打击;碰撞打击;碰撞appear 出现;露面;（公开）演出lead领导的;领先的;带领的lead singer主唱者some day(=someday)来日;将来某一日;有朝一日be off 离开;走开poem诗;韵文cupboard食橱;碗橱;衣橱turn （依次轮流到每个人的）一次机会mail邮件;邮包;邮政ancestor祖先;祖宗root 根;根源overseas海外的;国外的homeland祖国;故乡government政府so far到目前为止southern南方的;在南方的go for a walk去散步villager 村民;村夫thanks to 幸亏;由于;因为strongly坚定地;坚决地purpose目的;意图step步骤;措施;脚步look forward to 盼望;期待Crystal 克里斯特尔(姓或名)Elise 埃莉斯(女名)Mariah 玛丽亚(女名)Carey凯里(姓氏).。
鲁教版(五四学制)八年级英语下册Unit4SectionB2a2d教学设计
（二）教学设想
1.针对词汇和语法的教学：
-利用多媒体教学资源，如图片、视频等，生动形象地展示词汇意义，增强学生的记忆。
-设计互动式的词汇游戏和练习，如单词接龙、词汇竞赛等，提高学生的学习兴趣和参与度。
-通过示例句型和对话，引导学生逐步掌握一般现在时的被动语态，并鼓励学生在小组活动中进行实际应用。
4.能够通过听力训练，提高获取信息、处理信息的能力，并能在实际生活中运用所学知识进行交流和表达。
（二）过程与方法
在本章节的学习过程中，学生将通过以下方法来达成教学目标：
1.通过小组合作、讨论等方式，激发学生的学习兴趣，培养合作意识和团队精神。
2.通过听力训练，培养学生的英语听力技能，提高学生的信息获取和处理能力。
3.引导学生回顾已学的环保相关词汇，为新课的学习做好铺垫。
（二）讲授新知
在讲授新知环节，我将按照以下步骤进行：
1.通过PPT展示本节课的重点词汇和短语，如“reduce”, “reuse”, “recycle”等，并结合图片进行讲解，帮助学生理解记忆。
2.引导学生学习一般现在时的被动语态，通过示例句型和练习，让学生掌握被动语态的构成和用法。
3.播放听力材料，让学生在听的过程中注意捕捉关键信息，提高听力水平。
4.分析2a-2d部分的内容，讲解环保措施和原因，引导学生关注环保问题。
（三）学生小组讨论
在学生小组讨论环节，我将安排以下活动：
1.将学生分成小组，每组讨论一个环保话题，如“如何减少塑料污染”。
2.每个小组分享自己的讨论成果，其他小组进行评价和补充。
3.引导学生观察、思考现实生活中的环保问题，将所学知识与社会实践相结合，培养学生的环保意识和责任感。
八年级第四单元《五柳先生传》精品教案及反思鲁教版五四制
《五柳先生传》教案教材分析《五柳先生传》是作者托名五柳先生写的传记，实为自传。
这是一篇文言文，篇幅短小，但内涵深刻。
文章从思想性格、爱好、生活状况等方面塑造了一位独立于世俗之外的隐士形象，赞美了他安贫乐道的精神。
教学目标：1、知识与能力目标：通过学生自主诵读，识记文言文字词音、形、义，能够扫清文字障碍，自主疏通文意，把握内容，使学生能够掌握相关文言知识，形成学习、分析文章、把握主旨的能力。
2、过程与方法目标：分层四步读书法，即通过初读—诵读—品读—延读的程序，采用学生自主合作探究的方式，教师巧加点拨，让学生了解人物志趣、生活状况、性格方面的特点。
3、情感态度与价值观目标：学习陶渊明“不戚戚于贫贱，不汲汲于富贵”的精神风貌；教会学生辨证认识事物的能力。
教学重点1、疏通文意，积累文言词语。
2、了解人物形象，把握其性格志趣及精神风貌。
教学难点：通过探究《五柳先生传》是不是陶渊明的自传这一问题，让学生用自己的阅读体验来把握人物性格及精神。
教法学法为了突出重点，突破难点，我安排了四个层次的诵读：第一层次，初读，疏通文意；第二层次，品读，探究文理；第三层次，诵读，加深理解；第四层次，延读，写个人小传。
在此过程中，我坚持以学生为主体，教师为主导的教学原则，运用启发诱导的教学方法，为学生创设学习情境，并通过学生的自主合作探究式学习，提高学生的文学素养和客观辨证地认识事物的能力。
教师准备多媒体课件学生准备认真预习课文，掌握字词，结合工具书，查阅资料，搜集有关陶渊明的知识。
课时安排 2课时教学过程第一课时一、导入新课陶渊明是东晋著名诗人。
东晋末年，社会黑暗，风气污浊，很多人不择手段地追名逐利，社会上充斥着虚伪与欺诈。
陶渊明做过几任小官，因对统治阶级不满，辞去官职，归隐田园，过着俭朴的生活。
他隐居农村后，自号“五柳先生”，亲身从事耕种，和农民交朋友。
这期间他除了写出许多歌颂优美的自然景色和淳朴的农村生活的诗以外。
也写了些表现自己美好政治理想的作品。
鲁教版五四制八年级英语下册Unit4SectionAPeriodOne说课稿
在新知讲授阶段，我会按照以下步骤逐步呈现知识点，引导学生深入理解：1.首先，我会通过电子白板展示本节课的生词和句型，并配以图片和例句，帮助学生直观地理解单词和句型的用法。2.接着，我会邀请学生跟读并模仿，确保他们能够正确发音。3.然后，我会通过简单的对话和情境模拟，让学生在实际语境中使用新学的词汇和句型。4.在这个过程中，我会不断提问和解答学生的疑问，确保他们真正理解所学内容。
（2）学生在描述动物时，能够灵活运用所学词汇和句型。
（3）培养学生对英语听力的敏感度和反应速度。
二、学情分析
（一）学生特点
本节课所面向的学生为八年级学生，年龄大约在13-14岁之间。这一年龄段的学生正处于青春期，具有以下特点：1.认知水平：学生的抽象思维能力逐渐发展，能够理解较为复杂的语言结构和概念。2.学习兴趣：学生对新鲜事物充满好奇，喜欢互动和参与性强的小组活动，对英语学习有一定的兴趣，但容易受到其他学科的干扰。3.学习习惯：学生已形成一定的学习习惯，但个别学生可能存在学习方法不当、注意力不集中等问题。
（二）媒体资源
我将使用以下教具、多媒体资源或技术工具来辅助教学：1.动物园的图片和视频资料，用于展示动物和创建情境。2.电子白板，用于展示单词、句型和教学活动。3.录音机或音响设备，用于播放听力材料和口语练习。4.互动式学习软件，用于提供个性化的学习资源和反馈。这些媒体资源在教学中的作用是，图片和视频能够直观地展示教学内容，增强学生的感官体验；电子白板可以方便地呈现教学信息，提高教学效率；录音机或音响设备则有助于提升学生的听力和发音；互动式学习软件能够提供个性化的学习支持，满足不同学生的学习需求。
三、教学方法与手段
（一）教策略
本节课我将采用以下主要教学方法：1.情境教学法：通过创建动物园的场景，让学生在真实的语言环境中学习词汇和句型。2.任务型教学法：设计一系列的任务和活动，让学生在实际的语言使用中完成任务，以达到学习的目的。3.互动式教学法：鼓励学生之间的互动和讨论，促进知识的内化和技能的巩固。选择这些方法的理论依据在于，情境教学法能够激发学生的学习兴趣，任务型教学法有助于学生将所学知识应用于实际情境，而互动式教学法则能够促进学生之间的信息交流和合作，提高学生的参与度。
八年级鲁教版第四单元主题作文英语
八年级鲁教版第四单元主题作文英语Education is a fundamental aspect of personal and societal development. It not only imparts knowledge but also shapes the character and values of individuals. In the context of the 8th grade Luojiao version, the fourth unit explores themes that are crucial for the holistic growth of students. This essay delves into the significance of these themes and their impact on the educational journey.The first theme that stands out is the importance of environmental protection. As the world grapples with the pressing challenges of climate change and resource depletion, it is essential to instill in students a deep appreciation for the natural world and a sense of responsibility towards its preservation. The Luojiao curriculum emphasizes the need for sustainable practices, encouraging students to adopt eco-friendly behaviors and to become advocates for environmental conservation.Through various educational activities and projects, students are exposed to the interconnectedness of human actions and theirimpact on the environment. They learn about renewable energy sources, waste management strategies, and the role of individual and collective efforts in mitigating environmental degradation. This knowledge not only empowers students to make informed decisions but also inspires them to become active participants in shaping a more sustainable future.Another crucial theme explored in the fourth unit is the promotion of cultural diversity and global citizenship. In an increasingly interconnected world, it is essential for students to develop a strong understanding and appreciation of diverse cultures, traditions, and perspectives. The Luojiao curriculum encourages students to engage in cross-cultural dialogues, fostering mutual respect, empathy, and a sense of shared humanity.Through the study of different cultural practices, students gain a deeper understanding of the richness and complexity of the human experience. They learn to recognize and celebrate the unique contributions of various civilizations, while also identifying the common threads that bind us together as a global community. This cultural awareness equips students with the essential skills and mindset to navigate the challenges of an increasingly diverse and globalized world.The fourth unit also emphasizes the importance of personaldevelopment and self-awareness. As adolescents navigate the complexities of growing up, the curriculum provides them with the tools and resources to cultivate a strong sense of identity, emotional intelligence, and resilience. Students engage in activities and discussions that explore topics such as stress management, decision-making, and the development of healthy relationships.By fostering self-reflection and introspection, the Luojiao curriculum empowers students to better understand their own strengths, weaknesses, and personal aspirations. This self-awareness enables them to make informed choices, set achievable goals, and develop the necessary coping mechanisms to navigate the challenges they may face. Ultimately, this focus on personal development prepares students to become well-rounded individuals, equipped to thrive in both academic and personal realms.Furthermore, the fourth unit of the Luojiao curriculum emphasizes the importance of civic engagement and social responsibility. Students are encouraged to explore the role of citizens in a democratic society, understanding their rights and responsibilities as active participants in the political and social spheres. Through discussions and project-based learning, they examine issues of social justice, community development, and the power of collective action.By engaging with these themes, students develop a deeperunderstanding of their role as responsible citizens. They learn to critically analyze societal problems, advocate for change, and contribute to the betterment of their communities. This civic-minded approach prepares students to become engaged and empowered citizens, ready to tackle the complex challenges facing their local and global communities.Finally, the fourth unit of the Luojiao curriculum places a strong emphasis on the integration of technology and digital literacy. As the world becomes increasingly digitized, it is crucial for students to develop the skills and knowledge necessary to navigate the digital landscape effectively and responsibly. The curriculum explores the ethical use of technology, digital safety, and the potential of technology to enhance learning and problem-solving.Through hands-on experiences and guided instruction, students learn to leverage technology as a powerful tool for research, collaboration, and self-expression. They develop proficiency in various digital platforms and applications, enabling them to become savvy consumers and creators of digital content. This digital literacy equips students with the necessary skills to thrive in an ever-evolving technological landscape, preparing them for the demands of the21st-century workforce and beyond.In conclusion, the themes explored in the fourth unit of the 8thgrade Luojiao curriculum are crucial for the holistic development of students. By emphasizing environmental protection, cultural diversity, personal growth, civic engagement, and digital literacy, the curriculum provides a comprehensive framework for nurturing well-rounded individuals who are equipped to navigate the challenges of the modern world. As students engage with these themes, they not only acquire knowledge but also develop the essential skills, values, and mindsets necessary for success in their academic, personal, and professional pursuits. The Luojiao curriculum's commitment to these transformative themes is a testament to its dedication to empowering the next generation of global citizens.。
八年级语文下册 第四单元 第22课《出师表》课堂实录及教学反思 鲁教版
《出师表》《出师表》是一篇著名的文言课内自读课文，部分文字比较生僻，但文章辞情恳切，感人肺腑。
从教材背后的习题揣摩编者用意后，我决定“淡化”字词处理，重背诵，重“入情”感悟。
由此我确定了“以背促读”法，以“背诵”切入，采用角色体验的方法来让学生进入情景突破难点。
下边是背诵之后的课堂讨论部分实录：师：同学们把这样长这样难的一篇《出师表》都基本背诵下来了，真是很了不起。
今天我们就一起来交流一下你们阅读的感受，探究一下为什么历代英雄志士都如此推崇这篇文章。
我们采用进入角色情景讨论的方式，分别站在第三者，诸葛亮、刘禅的立场上来谈感想。
你们觉得先站在哪个人的立场上谈呢？生：第三者吧，我们真实的身份就是第三者。
师：好的，读了这篇表，感觉如何。
生：我感觉诸葛亮变化很大，《隆中对》时他雄才大略自信潇洒，《出师表》里却沧桑多了！师：知道和上一篇文章进行对比，很欣赏这种读书方法。
生：我读了心头很沉重，感觉诸葛亮怎么像我的妈妈一样，罗嗦得很，对刘禅太唠叨了。
（众笑）师：你用了“罗嗦”这个词语，怎么讲啊？生：你看嘛，法律应该如何实施，文臣要用什么人，武将要用什么人，你应该做什么，不应该做什么，有些话还反复地叮嘱，真是比我妈妈还唠叨呢！师：有意思。
诸葛亮其实唠叨了三个方面的问题，你们看出来了吗？生：我知道，第一个是要开张圣听，第二个是内外不能异法，第三个是要亲贤臣远小人。
师：很好，但你也有点儿罗嗦（众笑），能用成语或者短语来概括吗？生：广开言路。
生：严明赏罚。
师：亲贤臣远小人叫做“亲贤——”生：远……（抓耳搔腮）师：不知道了，“远佞”（师板书）。
这样请一个同学把这三个词语写在黑板上，给“佞”字注上音。
（生上黑板板书，要求学生做旁批）师：继续说。
生：我还感觉到了诸葛亮的心急如焚。
像这样一些句子，从“此诚危急存亡之秋也”，“不宜妄自菲薄”、“愿陛下亲之信之”、“夙夜忧叹”、“以治臣之罪”、“临表涕临”等句子中，我都感受到了诸葛亮的坐卧不安。
鲁教版八年级下册语文第四单元第16课《陈涉世家》
占领
袒右，称大楚。为坛而盟，祭以尉首。陈胜自立为将军，吴广为都 尉。攻大泽乡，收而攻蕲。蕲下，乃令符离人葛婴将兵徇蕲以东。 攻铚、酂、苦、柘、谯皆下之。
露出右臂（作为起义的标志），称为大楚。用土筑 台并（在台上）宣誓，用（两）尉的头祭天。陈胜自 立为将军，吴广做都尉。（首先）进攻大泽乡，收集 大泽乡的军队，攻打蕲县。蕲县攻克后，就命令符离 人葛婴率领部队攻占蕲县以东的地方，攻打铚、酂、 苦、柘、谯等县，都攻克下来了。
又间令吴广之 次所旁
暗使
往,到
军队驻扎的 地方
丛祠中，夜篝火，
神庙 笼 树木
狐鸣 呼曰：“大楚兴，陈胜王！”卒皆夜惊恐。
旦
作狐狸嗥叫
复兴
的凄厉声音
日，
卒中 往往 语，皆 指 目陈胜。
第二天
到处
谈论 指指点点,以 目示意
又间令吴广之次所旁丛祠中，夜篝火，狐鸣呼曰「大楚兴，陈胜王」。卒皆夜惊恐。 旦日，卒中往往语，皆指目陈胜。
• 全书52万多字，包括
• 12本纪（记帝王事迹）、
《史记》原名《太史公书》。
• 10表（用表格形式编排史料） 、
• 8书（记经济、天文、历法等情况）、
• 30世家（记诸侯世系）、
• 70列传（记个人和少数民族事迹），
• 共130篇。本纪记述历代帝王的事迹；世家主要记述诸侯王国的事迹；列传则 是人臣之传。
召令徒属曰：“公等遇雨，皆已失期，失期当 所属的人 你们诸位
斩。藉 第 令 毋斩，而戍死者固十六七。
都是即使,假若 不 且壮士不死即已，死即举大名
本来 耳，王侯
倒也罢了
啊
将相宁有 种乎！”徒属皆曰：“敬受命。”
乃 难道,岂
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八年级下册第四单元《陈涉世家》一、简答对下列各句的理解：1、下列对陈胜的语言描写分别表现了陈胜怎样的性格？（1）燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉！（2）王侯将相宁有种乎（3）苟富贵，无相忘。
2、起义的政治背景是什么？3、请用两个四字词语概括出陈胜用以“威众”的两件事①；②4、起义的直接原因是什么？5、起义的策略和口号是什么？二、阅读《陈涉世家》选段，回答文后问题二世元年七月，发闾左谪戍渔阳九百人，屯大泽乡。
陈胜、吴广皆次当行，为屯长。
会天大雨，道不通，度已失期。
失期，法皆斩。
陈胜、吴广乃谋曰：“今亡亦死，举大计亦死，等死，死国可乎？”陈胜曰：“天下苦秦久矣。
吾闻二世少子也，不当立，当立者乃公子扶苏。
扶苏以数功，爱士卒，楚人怜之。
或以为死，或以为亡。
今诚以吾众诈自称公子扶苏项燕，为天下唱，宜多应者。
”吴广以为然。
（《陈涉世家》）1．下列加点词意义不同的一项是（）。
a)公问其故．扶苏以数谏故． b)宜．多应者宜．乎众矣c)陈胜、吴广乃谋．曰聚室而谋．d)或以为亡．国恒亡．2．解释加点词语陈胜、吴广皆次．当行为天下唱．今或．闻无罪会．天大雨3.下面句中的“以”的用法与例句“扶苏以．数谏故”相同的一项是（）A．诚宜开张圣听，以．光先帝遗德。
B．衣食所安，弗敢专也，必以．分人。
C．不以物喜，不以．己悲。
D．醉能同其乐，醒能述以．文者，太守也。
4.联系上下文说说下列句子的大意。
A．“失期，法皆斩”的大意是：B．“今诚以吾众诈自称公子扶苏、项燕”的大意是：5．下列表述完全正确的一项是（）A．“天下苦秦久矣”道出了起义的深刻历史背景。
B．“今或闻无罪，二世杀之”是起义的直接原因。
C．“死国可乎”表现出陈胜对国家命运的忧虑。
D．这段文字大意应概括为：记叙了陈胜、吴广起义前对形势的分析。
6、秦末农民起义具有历史的必然性，请据课文内容加以说明。
三阅读《隆中对》的选段，完成4—8题（13分）亮答曰：“自董卓已来，豪杰并起，跨州连郡者不可胜数。
曹操比于袁绍，则名微而众寡。
然操遂能克绍，以弱为强者，非惟天时，抑亦人谋也。
今操已拥百万之众，挟天子以令诸侯，此诚不可与争锋。
孙权据有江东，已历三世，国险而民附，贤能为之用，此可以为援而不可图也。
∥荆州北据汉、沔，“利尽南海，东连吴会，”西通巴蜀，此用武之国，而其主不能守，此殆天所以资将军，将军岂有意乎?益州险塞，沃野千里，天府之土，高祖因之以成帝业。
刘璋暗弱，张鲁在北，民殷国富而不知存恤，智能之士思得明君。
∥将军既帝室之胄，信义著于四海，总揽英雄，思贤如渴，若跨有荆、益，保其岩阻，西和诸戎，南抚夷越，外结好孙权，内修政理；天下有变，则命一上将将荆州之军以向宛、洛，将军身率益州之众出于秦川，百姓孰敢不箪食壶浆以迎将军者乎?诚如是，则霸业可成，汉室可兴矣。
”4．写出句中加点词的意思(2分)①国险而民附( ) ②将军身率益州之众出于秦川( )5．下列各组句中加点字的意义和用法相同的是（）组(3分)A．此则岳阳楼之大观也诚如是，则霸业可成，汉室可兴矣B．将军身率益州之众出于秦川信义著于四海C．国险而民附民殷国富而不知存恤D．百姓孰敢不箪食壶浆以迎将军者乎则命一上将将荆州之军以向宛、洛6．把“非惟天时，抑亦人谋也”译成现代汉语(3分)7．请用原文的语句填写以下空白(2分)①诸葛亮认为与曹操“不可与争锋”的原因是“ ”。
②诸葛亮认为刘备在内政和外交方面应遵循的方针是“ ”。
8．原文已(用“∥”)划分了三个层次，请你写出各层层意。
(3分)第一层：第二层：第三层：三、文言文阅读：（10分）[甲]臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。
先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自狂屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。
后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间，尔来二十有一年矣。
（选自《出师表》）[乙]时先主（刘备）屯新野。
徐庶见先主，先主器之，谓先主曰：“诸葛孔明者，卧龙也，将军岂愿见之乎？”先主曰：“君与俱来。
”庶曰：“此人可就见，不可屈致也。
将军宜枉驾顾之。
”由是先主遂诣亮（诸葛亮），凡三往，乃见。
因屏人曰：“汉室倾颓，奸臣窃命，主上蒙尘，孤不度德量力，欲信大义于天下；而智术浅短，遂用猖獗（失败），至于今日。
然志犹未已。
君谓计将安出？”（选自《隆中对》）（1）下列句子中加点的词意思不同的一项是（）（2分）A．三顾臣于草庐之中B．时先主屯新野将军宜枉驾顾之发闾左適戍渔阳九百人，屯大泽乡C．遂许先帝以驱驰D．咨臣以当世之事高可二黍许愚以为营中之事，悉以咨之（2）下列句子中的“以”与“咨臣以当世之事”的“以”用法相同的是（）A ．扶苏以数谏故B．以君之力，曾不能损魁父之丘C．临崩寄臣以大事也D．以光先帝遗德（3）下列句子中加点的词指代的对象判断不正确的一项是（）（2分）A．臣本布衣（诸葛亮自称）B．遂许先帝以驱驰（刘备）C．孤不度德量力（刘备自称）D．君谓计将安出（徐庶）（4）甲、乙两段叙述了同一件事，但内容侧重点不同，请各用一句话概括大意。
甲文：乙文：从文中提炼出一个成语是。
（5）用现代汉语翻译句子：受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间。
（2分）《出师表》按要求用原句回答：①《出师表》中揭示汉代兴衰的句子是_______②《出师表》中写出诸葛亮无意于功名的两句话是_______③《出师表》中陈述作者临危受命的千古名句是_______（1）诸葛亮劝刘禅对宫中、府中官员的赏罚要坚持同一标准的句子是；（2）诸葛亮希望后主不要随便看轻自己的句子是：；（3）诸葛亮向后主提出严明赏罚建议的语句是：。
（4）《诸葛亮集》中有这样的话："赏不可不平，罚不可不均"。
这与《出师表》中的两句“，。
” 一致（5）作者向后主提出的三条建议是：①；②；③，其中最重要的一条是，。
（7）从正反两方面概括两汉的历史经验教训的句子（9）诸葛亮在《出师表》中说明亲贤远佞是关系到国家存亡的大事。
他认为只要对“贞良死节之臣”“亲之信之”就将带来一个好的结果，在文中表明这个重要结果的句子是“___________ ，____________ 。
（10）文中“先帝”指刘备，“陛下”指______。
“天下三分”是指天下分裂为_____、____、_____三国。
（11）“使内外异法”中，“内”指___________________，“外”指_________________，文中与“内”“外”意思相同的两个词分别是__________和__________（12）作者在《出师表》中写到了自己所受到的“先帝之殊遇”，把相关的文字默写出来。
答：______________________________________________________________________ （二）臣本布衣,躬耕于南阳,苟全性命于乱世,不求闻达于诸侯。
先帝不以臣卑鄙,猥自枉屈,三顾臣于草庐之中,咨臣以当世之事,由是感激,遂许先帝以驱驰。
后值倾覆,受任于败军之际,奉命于危难之间,尔来二十有一年矣。
先帝知臣谨慎,故临崩寄臣以大事也。
受命以来,夙夜忧叹,恐托付不效,以伤先帝之明,故五月渡泸,深入不毛。
今南方已定,兵甲已足,当奖率三军,北定中原,庶竭驽钝,攘除奸凶,兴复汉室,还于旧都。
此臣所以报先帝而忠降下二三职分也。
至于斟酌损益,进尽忠言, 则攸之、祎、允之任也。
愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵。
若无兴隆之言，则责攸之、韦、允等之慢，以彰其咎；陛下亦宜自谋，以咨诹善道，察纳雅言，深追先帝遗诏。
臣不胜受恩感激。
2、解释下列划线词的意思。
躬耕卑鄙驱驰庶竭驽钝损益以彰其咎咨诹雅言3、下列各组短语中，加点词词义完全相同的一组是（）A深入不毛．——吹毛．求疵B庶竭．驽钝——声嘶力竭．C兴复之效．——东施效．颦D咨诹善道．——道．听途说4、指出下列各句中“以”的意义：①以伤先帝之明②是以谓之“文”也③以刀劈狼首④策之不以其道5、翻译句子（1）苟全性命于乱世,不求闻达于诸侯。
（2）受任于败军之际,奉命于危难之间。
（3）此臣之所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。
6、请从文中摘录表现诸葛亮对后主殷切希望的句子__________________________________________________7、写出文中与“先帝不以臣卑鄙',中的“卑鄙"一词相呼应的语句。
8、第①段中陈述作者临危受命的千古名句是____________ 。
9、第②段说“先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也”，“大事”在本段中具体指什么？用原文中的4个四字短语回答。
___________________ 。
10、这两段文字回顾了对作者人生有重大影响的三件往事，它们分别可以概括为□□□□，临危委重任和□□□□□。
作者回顾这些往事的目的是____________（用自己的话概括作答）。
11、请用6个字概括上文作者所表达的思想感情。
答：、、12、作者认为可以出师北伐的条件是什么?13、下面的一副对联概括了诸葛亮一生的功绩。
参考示例，从列出的六项中任意选出两项，写出具体所指。
收二川，排八阵，六出七擒，五丈原前，点四十九盏明灯，一心只为酬三顾。
取西蜀，定南蛮，东和北拒，中军帐里，变金木土爻神卦，水面偏能用火攻。
［示例］三顾：三顾茅庐六出：东和：收二川：七擒：北拒：排八阵：14、诸葛亮在文中说：“先帝知臣谨慎”，后人也曾说“诸葛一生唯谨慎”，那么他有没有在用兵上疏忽之时，若有，试举一例。
15、.诸葛亮在人们心目中早已成为智慧的化身，请写出有关他的两件事。
16、选段的作者是三国时代政治家、军事家出自文章《》本文情词恳切，陆游称赞此表为。
17、从第一段画线句子可以归纳出的一个成语是，这个成语现在常用的意思是18、在中国男子足球队冲击世界杯屡遭失败的情况下，米卢出任了国家队主教练，这是：“，”19、在诸葛亮的《诫子书》中说：“非澹泊无以明志，非宁静无以致远。
”这样的意思在《出师表》也有很明确的表现，请你把这样的句子写在下面。
澹泊：志：20、武侯祠前悬挂着一幅对联：“三顾频烦天下计，一番晤对古今情”，在《出师表》一文中找出与之相应的内容21、“志见出师表，好为梁父吟”是四川成都武侯祠前的一副对联，联中的“志”可以解释为A志趣；B志向。
请你在《出师表》中分别找出与之对应的内容。
志趣：志向：。