西湖博物馆分析

中文翻译成英文

西湖博物馆

West Lake Museum

2005年开放的杭州西湖博物馆是中国第一座湖泊类专题博物馆。以推广西湖文化、宣传西湖普世价值为己任，致力于承担和尽力实现博物馆的社会教育职能，传播西湖文化等方面发挥了积极作用。2009年西湖博物馆进行了内部调整，调整后的西湖博物馆展陈全面展示西湖作为人类文化景观遗产的完整性和真实性，以丰富的史料和实物印证了西湖的普世价值。在西湖申报世界文化遗产过程中，西湖博物馆接待了世界古迹遗址理事会世界遗产中心专家对西湖申报世界文化景观遗产进行的实地考评验收，成为世遗专家和学者了解和认识西湖的重要一站，得到世遗专家的充分肯定。2011年6月，西湖申遗取得成功，西湖博物馆为西湖成功获得世界文化景观遗产做出了重要贡献。

Hangzhou West Lake Museum which was opened in 2005 is the first topic museum of lake kind in China. With a mission to popularize Guangxi lake culture and advertise the universal value of West Lake, it has played a positive role in undertaking and achieving social education of museum, and spreading West Lake culture, etc. In 2009, the West Lake Museum made some internal adjustments. After adjustment, it comprehensively exhibits the integrity and truth of West Lake as human cultural landscape inheritance , and it verifies the universal value of West Lake with abundant historical data and substance. During West Lake declaring the world cultural landscape inheritance , West Lake Museum received the experts from World Heritage Center, ICOMOS, who made field evaluation and acceptance on West Lake’s application for world cultural landscape heritage. It becomes an important station to understand and know West Lake for world heritage experts and scholars who fully affirmed its contributions. In June, 2011, West Lake succeeded in application for world heritage, to which West Lake Museum had made great contributions.

诗情画意——西湖题名景观

Poetic, the Landscape inscriptions of West Lake

自然的造化与历代人工治理营造的完美结合，孕育了西湖清新秀美、

内蕴深厚的独特景观，而其中最具魅力和影响力的景观，无疑当属西湖景观的精华——“西湖十景”。西湖十景始于13世纪上半叶，是由南宋皇家画院的画家在创作西湖画作及其题名的活动中逐渐产生的，后经元明传承、清代皇家钦定而最终确立，并沿袭至今。

It is a perfect combination of natural magic and artificial governance of past ages to breed fresh and elegant uniqueness of West Lake landscape with profound implication. And the most charming and influential scenery will surely be the essence of West Lake landscape, ten scenes in West Lake. Ten scenes in West Lake dates from the first half of the 13th century, which gradually emerged in events when painters from royal painting academy in the Southern Song Dynasty created West Lake paintings and inscriptions. Later, after inheritance of Yuan and Ming dynasty, and the affirmation by imperial order in Qing dynasty, it was ultimately set, where they remain today.

苏堤春晓（一株杨柳一株桃，夹镜双湖绿映袍）

Spring Dawn at Su Causeway (willow and peach one after another in good order, and the twin lakes are so bright and green that can mirror your gown) 苏堤贯穿湖面，漫步其上，六桥起伏，湖山胜景如画图般展开，是观赏西湖山光水色的最佳地带。春季，堤上垂柳初绿、桃花盛开，绿柳如烟、红桃如雾，洋溢着春机盎然的活泼景象。为南宋“西湖十景”之首。

Su Causeway runs through the lake, and when you ramble, the six bridges will seem to fluctuate in water, as if wonderful scenery of lake and mountain is unfolding as a picture. Here is the best place to enjoy the beauty of mountains and lakes for West Lake. In spring, the weeping willow turns green over causeway, the peach blossoms, green willows look like smoke and red peach like fog, all which are alive with lively scenes of vibrant spring. It is the first of "Ten Views of the West Lake" in the southern Song dynasty.

曲院风荷（接天莲叶无穷碧，映日荷花别样红）

Lotus in the Breeze at Crooked Courtyard (The emerald lotus leaves reach as far as where water and skies meet, and lotus blossoms bathing in sunshine exhibit a distinctive dazzling pink)

古时曲院多荷，夏日湖面水波不兴，绿盖红衣。荷香随轻风飘送，令人备感神清气爽。荷花“出淤泥而不染”，在中国传统文化中寓意“品格高尚”，故为该景注入了审美和人格追求的双重意蕴。

In ancient times, many crooked courtyards often grew lotuses. They seem like in green veil and red clothes when the lake was still in summer. The scent of lotus flowers wafts along with the breeze, and makes people refreshed. As lotus flowers live in the silt but not imbrued, they imply meaning of “high-minded character”in Chinese traditional culture. So they infuse double implications of aesthetics and pursuit of personality to such scenery.

平湖秋月（万顷湖平长似镜，四时月好最宜秋）

Autumn Moon over the Calm Lake (the boundless expanse of lake is calm and clear, just as a bright mirror, and the moon in autumn is the most beautiful) 秋夜,湖边高阁凌波，倚窗俯水，视野开阔，但见皓月当空，银波万顷，

金风送爽，水月相融。置身其间，恍若身处月宫之上。古代文人雅士视秋季平静清澄之湖水和洁净无暇之夜月为人格高洁的象征，故喜于秋夜在此玩月饮酒，赋曲作诗。

In autumn night, with towers and rushing waves in lake, if you lean on window and overlook water, you will have a widen horizon. The bright moon is shining in the sky, with boundless glittering wave, cool breeze, and the water and moon integrates. Standing in such scenery will make you feel stay in palace of the moon. The ancient scholars regarded the peace, clear lake and clean, flawless night moon as the symbol of virtuous personality, so they enjoyed appreciating moon and drinking while playing tune and wrote poems at here.

断桥残雪（独有断桥荒藓路，尚余残雪酿春寒）

Melting Snow at Broken Bridge (only is the broken bridge full of mottled moss brewing a cold spring by melting snow)

西湖景观的欣赏以“雪湖”最美，而断桥又是观赏西湖雪景的最佳之处。每当瑞雪初晴，举目四望，但见冻湖如墨，周围孤山、葛岭一带铺琼砌玉，晶莹朗澈，呈现黑白分明，动人心魄的景象；登宝石山往南俯瞰，白堤皑皑如银链横陈，断桥向阳桥面积雪融化露出褐色的桥面一痕，仿佛长长的白链到此中断，呈“雪残桥断”之景。

The best scene at West Lake is “snow lake”, and broken bridge is the most wonderful place to enjoy snow. Whenever it is sunny after auspicious snow, looking around, you will see the frozen lake as dark blue ink, lonely mountain and Geling area surrounded are paving with glittering and translucent jade, which presents a breathtaking picture of sharply contrasted black and white; climb up Baoshi Mountain and overlook southward, the white causeway is pure white, just like a silver chain lying, against the bridge deck exposed to the sun emerges with a brown mark of deck during snow melting, as if long white chain broke off here. So it is well known for “melting snow at broken bridge”.

花港观鱼（花家山下流花港，花著鱼身鱼嘬花）

Viewing Fish at flower harbor (flower harbor is flowing at the foot of Huajia Mountain, and fishes compete to bite petals while they are flying into water) 湖畔园内,叠石为山，凿地为池。春日，桃花落瓣，引得池中锦鲤争相嘬花，别有意趣。古时为追求闲逸疏放的文人雅士萃集、争相题咏之所。

In lakeside park, the stones laying makes rockery while drilling ground makes pond. In spring, the flying petals of peach blossoms attract Koi fishes to compete to bite them in pond, interesting and charming. In old times, it is a resort for refined scholars who pursued leisure and openness to gather and write poems.

柳浪闻莺（翠浪翻空画不成，赤阑干外听新莺）

Orioles singing in the willows (emerald green wave rolling is hard to draw, and you can hear the orioles singing outside red rail)

西湖边清波门附近，历来绿柳成行，低垂的柳丝在清风中摇扬，如翠浪在空中翻滚；柳林中莺鸟鸣啼，生机盎然。故亦为旧时文人墨客品赏风景、吟诗作画之佳处。

Near Qingbomen at West Lake, it always has green willows in rows. Droopy willow branches are wavering in cool breeze, as emerald green wave is rolling in the air; the oriole singing in the willows, overflowing with vigor. So in old times, it is a place for writers and scholars to enjoy sights, chant poetry and paint pictures.

南宋时期，清波门外有孝宗皇帝濒水所建的御苑“聚景园”，园内垂柳成行，得名“柳浪闻莺”。清代因康熙帝巡游西湖而复兴。现仍保存着清代以来形成的基本面貌。

In southern Song Dynasty, Xiaozong emperor built imperial garden, Jujing garden, beside water outside Qingbomen. In garden, the willows in neat rows, so it becomes well known for “orioles singing in the willows”. It revived when Kangxi emperor in Qing dynasty paraded West Lake. Now it remains the basic features in Qing dynasty.

三潭印月（半夜冰轮初出海，一湖金水欲熔秋）

Three pools mirroring the moon (the boat just sails in midnight, and the golden water is like melting the whole autumn)

每当月夜，“三潭”点烛，天月、水月、塔月与人心中之月交融辉映，激发和寄托了“千里共婵娟”的思念之情。

On the night of the Autumn Moon Festival, light candles at“three pools” , the moon in sky, water, tower and onlookers’heart blend each other, inspirating and placing hopes of missing sentiment of “Though far apart, we are still able to share the beauty of the moon together”.

明万历间浚湖堆土而成，呈“湖中有岛，岛中有湖”的“田”字形格局，为江南水上园林的经典。全岛以亭台楼阁配以传统花木构成色彩绚丽的景致，与岛内外水光云天相映，象征了中国古代神话中的蓬莱仙岛。

During Wanli period of Ming dynasty, the lake was made by soil heap, with pattern of Chinese “Tian” letter, “an islet within the lakes within the islet”, which is a feature for water landscape in Jiangnan area. The pavilions, terraces and towers on whole island match with traditional flowers and trees to form a colorful scene, which contrast with water, cloud and sky outside island, symbolizing the Penglai island of immortals in ancient Chinese mythology.

双峰插云（一苇清光万顷波，两峰凝黛独嵯峨）

Twin peaks piercing Clouds (there is a boat on boundless expanse of lake, and two peaks seeming like black pigment are very towering)

西湖南北高峰在唐宋时各有塔一座，在春、秋晴朗之日远望两峰，可见遥相对峙的双塔巍然耸立，气势非凡。每当云雾弥漫，塔尖于云中时隐时显，恍若云天佛国。

There was a pagoda on the south and north peak in Tang and Song dynasties. Looking out at the twin peaks on a sunny day in spring and autunm, you can see the twin pagodas standing tall and facing each other, extremly extraordinary. Whenever could and mist diffuses, the spire will be intermittently visible in cloud, as if the a cloudy sky and land of buddha.

此景原名“两峰插云”。清康熙帝南巡时，易“两”为“双”，御题“双峰插云”，并在洪春桥旁建观景亭和御碑亭。后塔毁，该景目因南、北高峰而依旧保留。

Its original name of such scene is “Two peaks piercing Clouds”. When Qing Kangxi emperior toured in southern China, he changed “two” to “twin”, made inscription of“Twin peaks piercing clouds”, and built lookout pavilion and pavilion of imperial tablet beside Hongchun Bridge. Later, the pagodas were damaged, but such scenic spot remains owing to the south and north peaks.

雷峰夕照（湖上画船归欲尽，孤峰犹带夕阳红）

Sunset glow at Leifeng pagoda (the returning barge almost disappears in lake, but the distant peak is still covered with sunset glow.)

每当夕阳西坠，彩霞映天，景象瑰丽，雷峰塔在霞光照耀下，如横空出世，愈显雄伟深沉，震人心魄。此刻，若联想到该塔因著名民间故事《白蛇传》而成为坚贞不移的爱情象征，则眼前之壮美景象又会平添一分浪漫的气息。

Whenever sunset falls in the evening, the rosy cloud dyes the sky red, and the sights is magnificent. In the rays of evenging sunlight, Leifeng pagoda emerges across the horizon, becoming more majestic, deep and amazing. At this moment, if you think that Leifeng pagoda is the symbol of faithful love, which is well known for the

famous folk tales, Legend of the White Snake, and the magnificent scene before eyes will add a little romantic feeling.

南屏晚钟（玉屏青嶂暮烟飞，绀殿钟声落翠微）

Evening bell at Nanping hill(evening mist covers green hill as emerald shield and bell tone from temple falls onto verdant mountain)

西湖南屏山净慈寺向晚击钟，钟声回荡于湖面、峰峦、林樾间，缠绵缭绕，经久不息，营造出幽微空明的禅境，置身其间，令人顿生超然脱世之感。

If ring bell in Jingci Temple of Nanping Hill, West Lake at dusk, the sound will echo through lake, hill, woods, lingering in the air for a long time, and form a faint, empty and clear Buddhism prospect. If you are here, you will suddenly have the sense of detachment.

该景或许是西湖十景中问世最早的景目，北宋末画家张择端就曾画过《南屏晚钟图》。南屏山别称“佛国山”，早在五代即建有净慈寺。寺内晨钟暮鼓，香客云集。历来为杭城除夕撞钟祈福、辞旧迎新的场所。

It is a scenic spot that may be appeared first among ten views of the West Lake. The painter, Zhang Zeduan, in the late Northern Song dynasty, drew a picture named after Evening bell at Nanping hill. “Buddha land hill” is another name of Nanping hill, and Jingci Temple had existed as early as the Five Dynasties. In temple, ring bell in the morning and beat drum at dusk, where various pilgrims gather. It has always been a site to ring bell on New Year’ Eve to pray, ring the old year out and the new year in for Hangzhou city.

吴山天风

Sky wind over Wu Hill

吴山左挹钱塘江、右襟西子湖。登山远眺，微风扑爽，湖山美景尽收眼底，令人豪情顿生。巾帼英雄秋瑾有诗云：“老树扶疏夕照红，石台高耸近天风。”

Wu Hill is on left of Yantang River and on right of West Lake. If you overlook at a hill, with breeze caressing your face, you will enjoy an excellent view of lake and hills, and suddenly filled with pride. The heroine, Qiujin, has a poem: “the leafy old trees turn read in sunset glow, and the stone stand is towering close to sky”

玉皇飞云

Flying clouds over jade Emperor hill

玉皇山山姿雄峻巍峨，凌空突兀，山顶云雾缭绕。伫立山巅登云阁上，脚下浮云飘动，使人如临仙境，飘飘欲飞。

The magnificent and towering Jade Emperor hill thrusts itself towards the sky, whose top is veiled in mist. Standing on cloud pavilion at mountain peak, the clouds at foot floats, which make you feel in fairy land, like flying.

黄龙吐翠

Yellow Dragon cave dressed in green

西湖栖霞岭黄龙洞茂林修竹，碧绿参天，“黄龙”盘踞，口喷清泉，恍若仙境。传说南宋时黄龙随江西慧开禅师到此，吐水而解民困。

The Yellow Dragon cave at the Qixia Hill, West Lake is growing luxurious bamboos groves, dark green and towering, and “Yellow Dragon” is entrenched here, who spits clear spring, as if in fairy land. There is a legend that in the Southern Song dynasty, the Yellow Dragon followed Huikai Chan master from Jiangxi Province to come here, to help the people in trouble by spitting water.

阮墩环碧

Ruan Gong islet submerged in greenery

清嘉庆间浙江巡抚阮元疏浚西湖，将淤泥堆筑成岛，后人称为阮公墩。后岛经精心装点美化，景致日显迷人。远望之，四周碧波荡漾，岛上草木繁盛，故称阮墩环碧。

In the Jiaqing period of Qing dynasty, Ruan Yuan, Zhejiang governor dredged West Lake and piled the sludge into a islet which is known for Ruan Gong Islet. Later, the islet was decorated and beautified elaborately, so the scene becomes more and more charming. Viewed from a distance, green lake ripples all around you, the islet grows luxuriant grass and trees, so it is called as Ruan islet embraced with greens.

虎跑梦泉

Dream of the tiger spring

相传唐时高僧性空居西湖大慈山白鹤峰下，苦于无水，一晚梦到两虎刨出

山泉，醒后见山泉清洌醇厚，琼液涌溢。

There is a legend that a eminent monk named Xing Kong lived at the foot of White Crane peak, Daci Mountain, West Lake, suffered for water. One night, he dreamed of two tigers dug out mountain spring. On waking, he saw spring, clear and mellow, like agar liquid, spilling out.

宝石流霞

Precious stone hill floating in rosy clouds

宝石山山岩赭红如宝石。阳光映照下，满山流霞纷披，熠熠生辉，分外耀目，呈现出一幅云蒸霞蔚满天金的灿烂图画。

Precious stone Mountain, is made up of reddish brown rocks. In the sun, the whole mountain is in rosy clouds, sparkling, particularly brightly, presenting a brilliant picture that rosy clouds are rising and gathering together slowly.

九溪烟树

Nine creeks in misty forest

九溪十八涧以溪急弯多而闻名。其间泉水淙淙，水流湍急，水气蒸腾，

云雾弥漫，林间青烟缭绕，故名九溪烟树。

Nine Creeks and Eighteen Gullies are well known for rapid stream and many turns. The spring here is gurgling, the current is swift, the steam is rising, the cloud and mist is diffuse everywhere, green smoke in forest lingered in the air, so it is named after Nine creeks in misty forest.

龙井问茶

Enjoying tea at dragon well

相传龙井与海相通，因海中有龙而得名。龙井泉奇特之处在于当你搅动它时，水面会出现一条分水线，仿佛龙须般不断摆动，饶有风趣。龙井更以茶闻名，于此品茗赏景，兴味盎然。

There is a legend that dragon well connected with the sea, and it was well known for having dragon in the sea. The marvel of dragon well is that when you stir it, a

watershed will appear on water surface, as if the dragon beard wiggling, very interesting. Further more, dragon well is famous for tea, come here to drink tea and enjoy beautiful scenery, with great delight.

云栖竹径

Bamboo-lined path at Yunqi

云栖深藏五云山中，相传常有山中飘出五彩祥云在坞中栖留，故名云栖。其间翠竹成荫，遮天蔽日，清凉幽静。

Yunqi is deep in Wuyun Mountain. Legend says that it often floated out multicolored clouds which perched in coves. During such time, the green bamboos are flourishing, which sheltered the sky, very cool and refreshing.

满陇桂雨

Sweet osmanthus rain at Mannjuelong

满觉陇自明代起即为杭州赏桂胜地。金秋时节，桂花盛开，秋风拂动，浓密的桂粟纷纷而落，树下游人如行走在桂雨之间，沐雨披香，另有一番情趣。

Manjuelong has been the resort to enjoy osmanthus since Ming dynasty. In golden autumn, the osmanthus are blooming, and petals fall off while swaying in breeze. Walking under trees, the visitors feel in sweet osmanthus rain. It is definitely different flavor bathing in rain and perfume.

灵隐寺

Lingyin Temple

位于西湖北高峰南麓。始建于东晋咸和元年（326），相传为印度僧人慧理所创，南宋时被封为禅林宫寺制度中最高级别的“五山十刹”之一，是江南地区最著名的佛寺之一，亦为西湖佛寺之冠。寺自创建以来屡毁屡建，现存寺院规模是在清末重建的基础上多次整修后所形成的。

It is located at the southern foot of Beigao Hill, West Lake. Founded in the first year of Xianhe in Eastern Jin dynasty (326), legend says Lingyin Temple was created by an India monk, Huili, which was conferred one of the “ five mountains and ten monasteries”, the highest level in Buddhist temples. It is one of the most

well-known Buddhist temples, and the first among Buddhist temples at West Lake. Since establishment, the temple has been destroyed and rebuilt for many times. And the existing scale of temple was formed after many times of renovation based on that in the late Qing dynasty.

净慈寺

Jingci Temple

位于西湖南屏山中峰慧日峰下，是与灵隐寺齐名的西湖古刹。后周显德元年（954）吴越国王钱弘俶创建，初名慧日永明院。寺初建时奉法眼宗，因此对法眼宗在杭州的传播有重要影响。自宋至今几经兴毁，现存寺院是在清代重建基础上经多次整修后形成的。

Situated at the foot of Huiri peak, Nanping Mountain, it is an ancient temple just as famous as Lingyin Temple. It was created by Qian Hongchu, the king of Wu Yue, in the first year of Xiande, the later Zhou dynasty (954), whose beginning name is Yongming Courtyard, Huiri. At the first time of construction, the temple believed in Fayan Sect, so it has a great influence on spreading Fayan Sect in Hangzhou. It temple has been destroyed and rebuilt for many times since Song dynasty. And the existing temple was formed based on reconstruction in Qing dynasty.

抱朴道院

Baopu Taoist Temple

位于西湖葛岭。东晋著名道家、医学家、炼丹家葛洪（284-364）曾在此

结庐炼丹，他著有《抱朴子》内外篇70卷，对杭州道教影响很大。抱朴庐至唐代逐步扩建，此后屡毁屡建。二十世纪八十年代，道院经重修后对外开放。

It is situated in Geling. Ge Hong who is a famous Taoist, medical scholar and alchemist in the Eastern Jin dynasty, (284-363), built cottage and practiced alchemy here. He wrote Baopuzi, 70 volumes, which has great influence on Taoism in Hangzhou. Baopu cottage has gradually expanded since Tang dynasty, and later, it also has been destroyed and rebuilt for many times. In the 1980s, the Taoist temple reopened after rebuilding.

六和塔

Six Harmonies Pagoda

位于钱塘江北岸月轮山麓。始建于北宋开宝三年（五代吴越国王钱弘俶在位第23年，公元970年），原为钱弘俶兴建以镇江潮、防止水患，并作导航灯塔之用。建塔之时并建开化寺塔院，现为遗址。塔历经毁修，现为砖木混合结构楼阁式塔，平面呈八角形，外观十三层，高59.89米，占地867平方米。砖塔心为南宋隆兴二年(1164)重建原物，外部木檐系清光绪二十五年(1899)所建，塔刹为元代元统二年（1334）重修的遗物。六和塔是古杭州城最重要的宋代建筑和标志性建筑，也是中国现存最完好的砖木结构古塔之一。

It is situated at the foot of Yuelun Montain, north bank of Qiantang River. It was built in the third year of Kaibao period in Northern Song (the 23rd year under Qian Hongshu, the king of Wuyue, in Five Dynasties, AD 970). Originally, it was built with a aim to block giant river tides, prevent from flood, and used as navigation lighthouse. During building Pagoda, it also built the courtyard of Kaihua Temple which remains today as a historical relics. After many times of damage and rebuilding, the Pagoda is masonry and wood structure of pavilion pagoda now, whose plane is octagon, fa?ade has 13 floors, and height is 59.89m, covering 867 square meters. The heart of brick pagoda is built in the second year (1164) of Longxing period in Southern Song dynasty. The external wood eaves were built in the 25th year (1899) of Qing Guangxu period, and the pagoda finial was rebuilt in the second year (1334) of Longxing period, Southern Song dynasty. Six Harmonies Pagoda is the most important building of Song Dynasty and landmark for ancient Hangzhou, and also one of the best preserved masonry-timber structure of ancient pagoda in China.

雷峰塔（遗址）

Leifeng Pagoda (relics)

位于西湖夕照山，又名西关砖塔、黄妃塔。始建于吴越国时期（972年），为砖木结构双层套筒楼阁式塔。历代多次整修，明代遭兵燹，仅存塔芯。1924年9月25日轰然坍塌。现存遗址，并在其上建保护设施“新塔”。雷峰塔在历史

上曾与保俶塔形成西湖南北两岸的标志性对景. 该塔还因中国四大民间爱情故事之一的《白蛇传》而成为爱情坚贞的象征。

Situated in Xizhao Mountain, the West Lake, it also named as Brick pagoda and Huangfei Pagoda. It was originally built in Wuyue period (972), which has masonry-timber structure and is double-deck sleeves pavilion of pagoda. After many renovations by past dynasties, and suffered from ravages of wars, it only remains the tower core now. It collapsed on 25 Sep., 1924k, which only remains the relics. Later, we built the “new pagoda” as a protective means. In history, Leifeng Pagoda has formed a iconic opposite scenery with Baoshu Pagoda at south and north bank of the West Lake. The Pagoda also becomes famous and is considered as a symbol of faithful love because of “White Snake”legend, one of China's four major folk legends.

雷峰塔地宫建于塔基正中心的塔心室下方。地宫内出土文物类型丰富，包括鎏金纯银阿育王塔、鎏金铜释迦牟尼佛像、丝织品、经卷等，有极高的历史和艺术价值。

The underground palace of Leifeng Pagoda was built under pagoda center in the middle of pagoda footing. It unearthed abundant kinds of cultural relics from there, including gilded silver Asoka pagoda, gilded copper Sakyamuni Buddha, silk fabrics, Sutra, etc. with a very high historical value and artistic value.

保俶塔

Baoshu Pagoda

位于西湖宝石山东端山脊，原名应天塔，始建于北宋太平兴国元年（976）。原为楼阁式砖木结构，宋、元以后几经毁建,现塔为民国22年(1933)重修。砖砌实心，七层，平面为八角形，通高45.3米。塔身北面嵌“重修宝石塔记”碑。保俶塔是西湖景观的重要标志物，它与雷峰塔一秀一拙，相映成趣。Situated at ridge in the east Baoshi Mountain, its previous name is Sky Pagoda, and built in the first year (976) of the Taipingxingguo period, North Song Dynasty. It was of pavilion type of masonry-timber structure before, suffering from several damage and reconstructions after Song and Yuan Dynasty, and now the pagoda was reconstructed in the 22nd year of republic period. It has solid core, made of brick, seven floors,

octagon plane, and is 45.3 high. In the north of pagoda body, it hs a stele inlaid with “Baoshi Pagoda rebuilding note”. Baoshu Pagoda is a important maker for the West Lake scene, forming a delightful contrast with Leifeng Pagoda.

飞来峰造像

Flying Peak Statues

始凿于五代后周广顺元年（951），后宋元均有开凿，现存115龛、390余尊造像及大量摩崖石刻,以元代藏传佛教造像最为突出。造像依自然地势和岩壁开凿，以圆雕和高浮雕为主要雕刻手法，风格柔和、圆润，雕刻精美。造像内容主要为佛像、菩萨、天王、弥勒、罗汉等佛教人物题材。飞来峰造像是中国东南地区规模最大的佛教摩崖造像群，也是中国汉族地区供奉藏传佛教造像最多的佛教石窟。它保存了晚唐以后佛教造像艺术发展演变的重要环节，填补了中国石窟艺术史上五代至元代的空缺，在中国石窟艺术史上占有重要的地位。

It was made in the first year of Guangshun period of Later Zhou Dynasty, and in Song and Yuan dynasties, it was carved further. Now, it preserves 115 shrines, more than 390 statues and lots of cliff inscriptions, among which the Tibetan Buddhism statue of Yuan Dynasty is the most outstanding. The statues are carved against natural terrain and palisades, which mainly use carving techniques of circular engraver and high relief. The style is soft, mellow, and the sculpture is exquisite. The statues are mainly Buddha, Bodhisattva, Heaven Marshal, Maitreya, Arhat and other Buddhism figures. Flying Peak Statues is the largest group of Buddhism cliff sculptures in southeast China, and also a Buddhism grotto which worships the most Tibetan Buddhism statues in area of Chinese Han nationality. It is the representative of artistic evolution of Buddhism statues in late Tang Dynasty, fills up the grotto art history gap from the Five Dynasties to Yuan Dynasty in China.,

二、西湖龙井茶文化

Culture of West Lake Dragon Well tea

西湖茶树种植源于唐代灵隐寺和三天竺寺一带。有“中国绿茶之首”之称的西湖龙井茶兴起于11世纪初。北宋佛教天台宗高僧、杭州天竺寺主持辩才大师（1010-1091）退居南山龙井寿圣院后，与苏轼等文人雅士煮茶论道，交往甚勤，

使龙井茶得以在西湖群山中广为种植，而以茶参禅也逐渐成为文人普遍崇尚的一种文化生活方式。

West Lake tea was originated from areas of Lingyin Temple and Santianzhu Temple. The West Lake Dragon Well tea, having the reputation of “the head of Chinese tea”, appeared at the start of 11th century. After the master, Bian Cai (1010-1091) who is an eminent monk of Buddhism Tiantai Sect and the abbot of Tainzhu Temple in Hangzhou, retired to Shousheng Yard, Dragon Well Temple in South Mountain. He made tea and discussed with Su Shi and other refined scholars here, who contacted frequently so that Dragon Well tea could widely grow in West Lake mountains. And practicing meditation with tea has gradually become one popular cultural life style for scholars.

西湖群山产茶历史悠久。唐人陆羽《茶经》最早记述西湖产茶的历史。龙井茶之名始于宋，闻于元，扬于明，盛于清。千余年来，龙井茶从无名到有名，从佛寺僧家的清饮之物到帝王将相的贡品，倍受世人尊宠。

West Lake mountains have a long history in producing tea. Lu Yu, in Tang Dynasty, firstly recorded tea producing at West Lake in the Book of Tea. Dragon Well tea dated from Song Dynasty, popular in Yuan Dynasty, and prosperous in Qing Dynasty. Over a thousand years, Dragon Well tea has been loved by people from its birth to prosperity, and from the light drinking of Buddhist temple to becoming the tributes of emperors.

龙井泉池

Dragon Well Spring Pool

位于风篁岭，是宋代以降文人雅士与僧人品茶参禅的名寺龙井寺的遗存。

Situated in Fenghuang Hill, it is a relics of the famous Dragon Well Temple where the scholars and Buddhist monk practiced meditation while tasting tea.

岳飞墓（庙）

Tomb of Yue Fei (temple)

位于西湖栖霞岭南麓，始建于南宋隆兴元年（1163），元明清以来历经重修。现存格局为清代重修后形成，占地15695平方米，分为墓园、忠烈祠、启忠祠三部分。岳飞墓（庙）是人们祭祀、悼念岳飞的场所，为中国传统道德的重要教育基地。

It is at the southern foot of Qixia Hill, West Lake, which dated from the 1st year (1163) of Longxing Period, Southern Song Dynasty, and has been destroyed and rebuilt many times since Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasty. The existing pattern is formed after rebuilding in Qing Dynasty, covering an area of 15, 695 square meters, divided into Cemetery, Martyry and Qizhong Shrine. The Tomb of Yue Fei (temple) is a place to worship and mourn Hero Yue Fei, and an important education base for Chinese traditional morality.

林逋（967～1028），字君复，谥号和靖，是北宋时期隐逸诗人的代表人物。他曾筑庐舍于西湖孤山，隐居二十余年。不仕不娶，日以赋诗作画，栽梅饲鹤自娱，人称“梅妻鹤子”。所作《山园小梅》等吟咏西湖及孤山风光的诗歌

广为流传。其清高自好、恬淡自在的生活态度，成为中国名士风范和隐逸

人格精神的典范之一。

Lin Bu (967-1028), whose alias is Jun Fu and posthumous title is He Jing, is a representative figure of recluse poet. He built house on Lonely Mountain, and lived in seclusion for more than 20 years. Instead of making an official or marry for life, he inscribed poems, painted draws, plant plums and raise cranes to amuse himself every day, so his is known for “taking Plum for wife and crane for son”. His works, Little Plums of a Mountain Garden and other poems on chanting West Lake and Lonely Mountain scenes are from mouth to mouth now. He was lofty, self-respected, and had tranquil and free attitudes toward life, so becomes one model of Chinese celebrities and hermits.

后世文人因景仰林逋淡然超脱的风节而营造了纪念性景观“梅林归鹤”，其中包括舞鹤赋刻石、放鹤亭、林逋墓等，并于周边遍植梅林，以梅不畏严寒、经霜傲雪的自然特性象征君子的高尚情操。

Later, people built a memorial landscape, named after “Crane flying to Plum woods”, including Ode to dancing crane, crane flying tooth, Lin Bu tomb, etc., surrounding which planted plum trees. They use the natural characteristics of plum blossoms that don’t dare severe cold, resist frost and heavy snow to symbolize noble character.

文澜阁

Wenlan Tower

文澜阁位于西湖孤山，属于官府藏书。清代乾隆皇帝考虑到江南是文人才子汇聚之所，为了使年轻人读书方便，特于乾隆四十七年（1782）下令建造《四库全书》藏书楼。文澜阁是当时全国修建的收藏《四库全书》的七大藏书阁之一，收藏全套古籍共36300册。江南地区与文澜阁同时建造的《四库全书》藏书楼扬州大观堂文汇阁和镇江金山寺文宗阁现均已不存。惟有文澜阁在历经浩劫之后获得修复，成为“江浙三阁”中仅存的一阁，并在“南北七阁”中，唯一保持了书、阁共存。

The Chamber of Literature Prosperity is situated at the Lonely Mountain, West Lake, where official libraries were preserved. Considering that Jiangnan gathered various scholars and talents, Qianlong emperor of Qing Dynasty ordered to build a library for storing Si Ku Quan Shu in the 17th year （1782）during his rule. And Wenlan Tower became one of seven major libraries which stored Si Ku Quan Shu in China at that time, and it stored complete of 36,300 volumes totally. Wenhui Tower in Yangzhou, and Wenzong Tower of Jinshan Temple in Zhenjiang have disappeared now, and they were both built to store Si Ku Quan Shu together with Wenlan Tower. But Wenlan Tower survives after catastrophe, and is the only one tower existing among “Three Towers in Jiangsu and Zhejiang area”. And among “Seven tower in North and South”, it is the only one that successfully preserved books and tower appearance.

钱塘门遗址

Qiantang Gate site

钱塘门遗址是12世纪－20世纪初杭州城西城门的遗址，自宋至清历代沿用。作为南宋都城杭州城临湖的三个西城门之一，是西湖景观“三面云山一面城”历史环境空间分界的直接物证。该遗址位于西湖东岸北部，今湖滨路与环城西路

相接处，距西湖东岸约90米，现以地下遗址方式保存。2008年对其进行

考古发掘，发现南宋钱塘门的门道侧壁、门道、城墙夯土等遗存，揭露面积共约110平方米。

Qiantang Gate is the west city gate of Hangzhou in the 12th to the early 20th century, which remained from Song to Qing Dynasty. As one of three west city gates, adjacent to lake, of Hangzhou in Southern Song Dynasty, it is the a direct evidence for the boundary of “one city surrounded by mountains on three sides”. It is situated in the north of West Lake east bank, the crossing of Hubin Road and Huancheng West Road, about 90m away from the east bank of West Lake, where its underground relics remains. In 2008, through archaeological excavation, it found the side wall of gateway, gateway, the rammed earth of city wall and other relics of Qiantang Gate in Southern Song Dynasty, with an area of 110 square meters in total.

清行宫遗址

Qing Temporary Imperial palace relics

清行宫是清代多位帝王出行西湖时的居住之地，始建于清康熙四十四年(公元1705年)，现存有建筑与园林遗址遗迹。它见证了18世纪上半叶清代康熙、乾隆南巡杭州，并对“西湖十景”进行“康熙钦定、乾隆题词”的史实，以及西湖景观因获得皇家推崇而再度振兴这一重要历史事件。行宫位于孤山南麓中部，南临西湖，整体院落座北朝南，南部为建筑院落，北部为因借孤山地形建造的后苑。院落和园林的在整体格局完整保存，建筑遗迹较为丰富，包括院墙墙基、头宫门、垂花门遗址、楠木寝宫遗址、鹫香庭遗址、玉兰馆遗址等。后苑现存“行宫八景”的部分园林建筑遗迹，包括鹫香庭、玉兰馆、戏台、贮月泉、领要阁、御碑亭、绿云径、四照亭等。

Qing Temporary Imperial palace is the residence for several emperors to stay at during trip in Qing Dynasty, which dated from the 44th year of Qing Kangxi period (AC 1705), and now the site and relics of building and garden still remains. It witnesses the history that Kangxi and Qianlong who are two emperors of Qing

Dynasty toured to Hangzhou in the first half of the 18th century, confirms Ten Views of the Wes Lake that is set by Kangxi’s order and inscribed by Qianlong, and that it became prosperous again because of high praise by emperors. The palace is situated in the middle, at the southern foot of Lonely Mountain, south to West Lake. The courtyard stands at the north and faces south, whose south part is a yard and north part is a back garden which is built based on the landform of Lonely Mountain. The yard and garden are completely preserved, which leave plentiful building relics, including courtyard wall base, Tougong gate, Chuihua gate site, Nanmu bedroom, Jiuxiang court, Yulan pavilion and other sites. And the garden building sites of existing “eight views in temporary imperial palace” in back garden are including Jiuxiang pavilion, Yulan pavilion, stage, Zhuyuequan, Lingyao pavilion, Yubei pavilion, Lvyunjign, Sizhao pavilion, etc.

西泠印社

Xiling Press

位于中国杭州西湖边，是中国研究金石篆刻的一个百年学术团体，有“天下第一名社”之称，今为全国重点文物保护单位。西泠印社的金石篆刻技艺是国家级非物质文化遗产。西泠印社由篆刻家丁仁、王褆、叶铭、吴隐创建于1904年，篆刻大师吴昌硕为首任社长。今存东汉《三老讳字忌日碑》和一批名家石刻、摩崖题记。

It is situated at West Lake, Hongzhou, which is a academic body with a history of one hundred years to study seal cutting in China, and known for reputation of “the most famous society in the world” . Now, it is the key Cultural relics protection units in China. The seal cutting techniques of Xiling Press is our national intangible cultural heritage. Xiling Press was established by seal-cutting talents, Ding Ren, Wang Ti, Ye Ming and Wu Yin in 1904, and the seal-cutting master, Wu Changshuo is the first president. Today, it still preserves Sanlao Huizi deathday stele of the Eastern Han and many famous stone carvings and Cliffside inscriptions.

放鹤亭

Fanghe Booth

初建于元代，为郡任陈子安为纪念林和靖而建。现亭为1915年重建，面阔875米，进深885米，重檐携三灶。亭中有《舞鹤赋》刻石一块，文章为南北朝鲍照所著，字迹系清康熙帝临摹明代书法家董其昌所书。全赋466字，栩栩如生地描绘了鹤的美丽动人的形象和能歌善舞的才能。碑通高24米，宽294米。碑上有巨樟覆盖，其前构筑石栏，面临里湖。亭外植梅，为湖上赏梅胜地。放鹤亭旁还有林和靖墓，墓畔曾有林和靖生前所养“鹤皋”的鹤冢。

It dates from Yuan Dynasty, which was built by Chen Zian in memory of Lin Hejing. The existing booth was rebuilt in 1915, 875m wide, 885 deep, with double eaves and three hearths. In booth, there is one stone inscribed with Ode to Dancing Crane, a works of Bao Zhao in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The handwriting is made by Kangxi emperor of Qing Dynasty, who copied from Dong Qichang, a famous calligraphy in Ming Dynasty. It uses totally 466 characters to vividly describe the crane with charming image and talents to dance and sing. The stele is 24m high and 294m wide. It is embraced by camphor tree, in front which there are stone fences, facing to lake. Many plum trees are planted outside booth where is an excellent site to enjoy plum blossoms on lake. Beside Fanghe Booth, there also are woods and Jing tomb, and beside tomb, there is a grave for his crane raised by him during his lifetime, called “Crane Gao”.