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《中华文化与民族精神》 复习提纲

《中华文化与民族精神》  复习提纲

• 引言: • 1、上海成功申办世博会的原因 • 2、本课学习要求

《中华文化与民族精神》复习 提纲
一、灿烂的中华文化
• ㈠中华文化,博大精 深
• 1、各族人民共同创造了 灿烂的中华文化 • 2、文化的力量 • 3、中华文化 • ⑴内容 • ⑵特点 • ⑶地位 • ⑷影响
• ㈡传统美德,薪火相 传
• 1、中华传统美德的主要 表现 • 2、中华传统美德的丰富 和发展
二、弘扬和培育民族精神
• ㈠民族精神,生生不 息
• • • • • 1、民族精神的意义 2、中华民族精神 ⑴含义 ⑵作用 3、中国共产党对中华民 族精神的丰富和发展
• ㈡民族精神我传承
• 1、弘扬和培育民族精神 是每个中华儿女的义务 • 2、怎样培育民族精神? 3、青少年要做民族精神 的传播者、弘扬者和建 设者

中国饮食文化复习提纲

中国饮食文化复习提纲

中国饮食文化复习提纲1. 阐述江苏风味流派的形成、分支、风格特色及代表菜品。

江苏风味菜简称苏菜,由淮扬风味,金陵风味,苏锡风味和徐海风味构成。

江苏风味菜的主要特点是:(1)用料讲究,四季有别;(2)刀工精细,刀法多变;(3)重视火候,讲究火功(4)口味清鲜,咸中稍甜江苏风味代表菜有松鼠桂鱼。

清炖蟹粉狮子头,梁溪脆鳝,水晶肴蹄2. 阐述广东风味流派的形成、分支、风格特色及代表菜品。

广东风味菜简称粤菜,由广州风味,潮州风味,东江风味和港式粤菜风味构成。

广东风味菜的主要特点是(1)用料广博;(2)方法独特,(3)兼容并蓄(4)口味清鲜广东风味菜的代表菜有蚝油牛肉,大良炒鲜奶,白云猪手,脆皮鸡3. 四大菜系分别有那些代表烹饪技法?山东菜的烹饪技法有爆,炒,烧,炸,蒸;四川菜的烹饪技法有干煸,干烧,小煎,小炒;江苏菜的烹饪技法有炖,焖,蒸。

烧,炒;广东菜的烹饪技法有焗,煲,烩4. 请列举四大菜系的代表名菜各六个。

江苏风味代表菜有松鼠桂鱼,清炖蟹粉狮子头,大煮干丝,三套鸭,水晶肴蹄,扒烧整猪头;广东风味菜代表菜有蚝油牛肉,大良炒鲜奶,白云猪手,脆皮鸡,脆皮乳猪。

红烧大群翅;四川风味菜代表菜有麻婆豆腐,鱼香肉丝,宫保鸡丁,毛肚火锅,水煮牛肉,家常海参;山东风味菜代表菜有糖醋黄河鲤鱼,奶汤蒲菜,油爆双脆,油焖大虾,九转大肠,锅烧肘子5. 烹饪的定义。

其“烹饪”二字最早出现在哪里?是什么意思?“烹饪”一词最早出现于《周易·鼎》中,其曰:“以木巽火,烹饪也。

将食物原料放在鼎中,用柴草顺风点火,使食物加热成熟。

烹饪:烹为烧煮,饪指加热到适应程度;“烹饪”是指把食物加热成熟。

6. 我国南北风味的形成时间及代表作品。

先秦时期春秋战国,南代表作品:《本味篇》、和《楚辞》。

北代表作品:《礼记》和《八珍》。

7. 地方风味的形成原因有哪些?自然的原因,自然地理的不同,气候水土的差异必然形成物产的不同,食俗的不同,而这正是地方风味菜品的重要物质基础和重要先决条件。

高中政治文化生活主干知识复习提纲

高中政治文化生活主干知识复习提纲

高中政治文化生活主干知识复习提纲高中政治文化生活主干知识复习提纲:★1、文化的作用文化对社会发展的影响:(1)文化作为一种精神力量,能够在人们认识世界、改造世界的过程中转化为物质力量,对社会发展产生深刻的影响。

(2)人类社会发展的历史证明,一个民族只有物质和精神都富有,才能自尊、自信、自强地屹立于世界民族之林。

(3)文化由经济、政治决定,又反作用于经济、政治,与一定的经济、政治相适应的文化会促进其发展,反之,会阻碍其发展。

(4)文化在综合国力竞争中的地位和作用。

当今世界,综合国力竞争日趋激烈,文化在综合国力竞争中的地位和作用越来越突出。

文化的力量,深深熔铸在民族的生命力、创造力和凝聚力之中,成为综合国力的重要标志。

文化建设为物质文明建设提供正确的方向保证、不竭的精神动力和强大的智力支持。

(5)文化对人的发展的影响:文化塑造人生。

优秀文化能够丰富人的精神世界;增强人的精神力量;促进人的全面发展。

2、文化与经济、政治的关系(1)相互影响①经济、政治决定文化。

,②文化反作用于政治、经济,给予政治、经济以重大影响。

先进的、健康的文化会促进社会的发展,落后的、腐朽的文化则会阻碍社会的发展。

(2)相互交融★①文化与经济相互交融表现在:A在经济发展中,科学技术的作用越来越突出。

B为推动经济建设,发展教育事业、培养各种高素质人才、提高劳动者素质发挥越来越重要的作用C文化生产力在现代化经济的总体格局中的作用越来越突出。

②文化与政治相互交融表现在:随着民主和法制建设的发展,人们为了参与政治生活,需要更高的文化素养。

世界范围内反对文化霸权主义的斗争,成为当代国际政治斗争的重要内容。

3、文化对人的影响(1)、文化对人的影响的来源文化对人的影响来自于特定的文化环境,来自于各种形式的文化活动。

(2)、文化对人的影响的表现①文化影响人们的交往行为和交往方式。

②文化影响人们的实践活动、认识活动和思维方式。

(3)、文化对人的影响的特点①潜移默化的影响。

中西文化专题末考复习提纲

中西文化专题末考复习提纲

汉译英文化自大、民族中西主义Ethnocentrism文化能力cultural competence少数民族ethnic minorities批判性思维critical thinking天人感应Heaven and Man interact with each other.天怒人怨Nature is angry while people resentful《旧约全书》Old Testament耶稣复活the Resurrection of Jesus Christ论语The Analects中庸The Doctrine of the Mean获得荣誉;赢得声望Win / Gain Laurels爱惜名声;保持记录Look to One's Laurels坐享清福;光吃老本Rest on One's Laurels艰巨的任务a Herculean task故意拖延的策略A Penelope's Web / the web of Penelope 希腊神话Greek Mythology荷马史诗Homeric Hymns /Homer's Epic《理想国》《the Republic》社交礼仪Social Etiquette传统节日Traditional Festivals重阳节Double Ninth Festival元宵节Lantern Festival;中秋节Mid-Autumn Festival端午节Dragon Boat Festival七夕Double Seventh Festival精卫填海Jingwei reclamation女娲补天Nüwa mends the sky夸父追日Kuafu chases the Sun盘古开天Pangu creates the world中国书法Chinese Calligraphy国画Chinese Painting文房四宝Four treasures of the study民间表演艺术Folk Performing Arts八大菜系Eight Regional Cuisines餐桌礼仪Table Manners红茶black tea趁热打铁to strike while the iron is hot有其父必有其子Like father, like son物以类聚,人以群分Birds of a feather flock together旁观者清the onlookers see most of the games善意的谎言White lies记忆犹新to keep one's memory green挥金如土spend money like water沧海一粟/九牛一毛a drop in the ocean人皆有得意之日Every dog has his day老人学不了新东西Old dog will not learn new tricks以眼还眼,以牙还牙an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth 恶有恶报sow the wind and reap the whirlwind高语境High context个人主义Individualism低语境Low context灾难之源Pandora's box权力距离Power distance将临的危险The Sword of Damocles不确定性规避Uncertainty avoidance一段艰难的旅程An odyssey告别演出Swan song女性特征Femininity莫逆之交Damon and Pythias内奸/木马计The Trojan horse实用主义Pragmatism恋母情结Oedipus complex农历The lunar calendar牛郎织女the cowboy and the weaving maid 苏格拉底Socrates柏拉图Plato剑桥大学Cambridge University亚里士多德Aristotle牛津大学Oxford University学院Academy京师大学堂Imperial University of Peking 填鸭式教育spoon-fed education春秋时期the Spring and Autumn period人际关系Interpersonal relationship战国时期The Warring States period建筑Architecture鸦片战争the Opium War哥特式Gothic善良的人A white man昂贵又没用的东西White elephant加牛奶的咖啡White coffee眼红Green-eyed金钱的力量green power火上浇油add fuel to the flames最珍爱之人或物apple of one’s eyes软硬兼施the carrot and the stick文化冰山cultural iceberg压岁钱red envelops/packets烟花炮竹fireworks and firecrackers团年饭the New year reunion dinner舞龙舞狮dragon dance and lion dance 走亲戚visiting relatives岁岁平安Peace all year round万事如意May all go well with you一帆风顺Wish you every success福寿双全Live long and proper和气生财Harmony brings wealth圣诞市场Christmas market春节联欢晚会The Spring Festival Gala 春联Spring Festival Couplets剪纸paper-cuts坚贞不渝with a Penelope faith红颜祸水Helen of Troy不和的根源An Apple of Discord致命弱点Achilles’ heel孝悌filial piety and fraternal duty信达雅faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance希腊三贤Ancient Greek Three-yin常青藤大学The Ivy League湘菜Hunan Cuisine糖醋排骨Fried Sweet and Sour Pork Ribs麻婆豆腐Stir-fried tofu in hot sauce红烧狮子头Stewed pork ball in brown sauce回锅肉twice-cooked pork slices世界遗产world heritage银河the Milky Way剪纸paper cut京剧Beijing opera简答题1.How do you understand culture?2. What is culture shock?3. Do you know a fluent fool?4. What do you know about a religion in the world?5. Do you know any Greek myth?6. Can you list some etiquette during a western dinner?7. Can you introduce one of Chinese traditional festival?8. Do you know some phrases about color in English?9. Can you briefly introduce the history of western architecture?10. What western festival is most popular in China and why?11.How well do you know your chopstick etiquette?12. Why are we called “the descendants of Yan and Huang”?13. What is the historical background of Thanksgiving day? what is traditional food in Thanksgiving?14. What are the chief characteristics of Greek mythology?15. Can you tell a Greek mythology story ?16. What is the influence of Greek mythology on western culture?17. What’s the cultural difference between Chinese Long and Western dragon?18. What is the tower of Babel? and what is the significance of the story?19. What is Confucianism? What can you learn from Confucianism?20. What is cultural connotation of number seven in western culture?21.In your opinion, what is the primary purpose of higher education?22. How to build positive relationships with people?23. What are the differences between the Chinese food and Western food?24. What is proper serving etiquette in a formal western dinner?25. What are the differences between Chinese poetry and Western poetry?案例分析题1.ExceptionsRead the following letter:I’m a graduate student in the US, and to make enough money to pay for my food, I have to work as a guard at the university library at night.Last week one of my friends, Lin, came to the library after hours. He told me that he had left his notebook in the library and needed it to study for a test the next day. I told Lin that according to the rules I wasn’t supposed to let anyone in, but he begged me and said that if he didn’t get his notes there was no way he could pass the test. He was my friend and I knew he wouldn’t steal anything. I also didn’t feel like I could say no, so I let him in. Unfortunately, just then my supervisor came by and saw Lin going in, so he stopped Lin and then started fawning me out in front of Lin for not following the rules. I tried to explain the situation, but that only seemed to make my supervisor angrier. He said it didn’t matter if Lin was my friend or not, so I just shut up and let him scold me.I think my supervisor was very unreasonable to be so picky and critical, and I don’t think he should have yelled at me, especially in front of Lin. Why couldn’t he understand why I let Lin in? Questions:What would you do in such a situation? Why?How would you deal with the “emotional hurt”resulting from the supervisor’s response and “loss of face”?2. Wrong answerWhen I was a freshman I had an American teacher. One day when we were on the subject of poetry by Shakespeare, he chose me to answer a difficult question. I said, “Sorry, I don’t know.”I expected him to go on and ask another student as my Chinese teachers would do.To my surprise he spent the rest of the class (a nightmare for me) explaining how childish my answer was. “As an adult, you should at least have some idea about a question, no matter how difficult it is. Even though your answer is totally wrong, it is much better than “I don’t know.’”Questions:Can you explain why the student chose to say “I don’t know”in the class?Can you explain why the teacher got annoyed by the student’s answer?What do you think is the cultural difference that has caused this culture shock?3. Xiaoxin and Peter are newly-weds. Though they spent a lot of time with each other before getting married, they never really lived together. There are some minor problems that occur. One day Peter came home looking unhappy.“What happened?”Xiaoxin asked.“Nothing much, I’m just very tired,”Peter said.“I can tell that it’s more than that.”Peter gave her a quiet look, went into the bedroom and threw himself on the bed.Xiaoxin followed him in and said, “Don’t you want to talk about it?”“No, I don’t.”Peter yelled.Xiaoxin was in tears. Her husband seemed to have become a stranger to her.Questions for discussion:Why does Peter refuse to tell Xiaoxin the fact?What would happen if Xiaoxin married to a Chinese husband?4. Joe is an American Professor in an American university. Two years ago, he made friends with Hong, a Chinese visiting scholar. Joe was invited by Hong’s university for a five-day visit to give lectures.Joe was very excited about the trip, as it was his first time in China. Hong met him at the airport, put him up in a very nice hotel, and arranged a big dinner for him. At the end of the evening, Hong gave him the itinerary for the next few days. Apart from the lectures, all this time would be filled with meals, concerts, shopping and a one-day trip to a nearby resort, all paid by Hong’s university.Joe was grateful to Hong and the host department who took great care of him during his visit. At the end of the visit, he insisted on treating Hong and the Department Chair to dinner to thank them, but they said a dinner has been arranged. Joe was very frustrated. He was not very happy atthe dinner, and did not show any enthusiasm when the Department Chair said that they hoped Joe would come back for another visit. When he flew back to the U.S.A., he complained to the person next to him on the plane, “While in China, I sometimes felt like a prisoner.”Questions for discussions:Why do you think Joe felt like a prisoner when he was in China?What do you think is the appropriate way we should treat our foreign friends?5. Share it or not?Wang Liang worked in a Sino-German Joint Venture. One day, on his way to the coffee, he found that Wolfgang, one of his German colleagues, had seemingly gotten rather involved in a newspaper. Out of curiosity, Wang came up to Wolfgang so he could glance at the newspaper. Then he asked, “Which one are you reading? Is it interesting/”But all of a sudden, Wolfgang lost his temper and began to complain about Wang’s invasion of his privacy, and demanded an apology from him. Wang felt rather upset, keeping explain that he had not realized that his behavior was rude. After this, whenever Wang stepped toward Wolfgang, he would soon cover up what he was doing, or stand up to keep a clear distance with Wang. Wang Liang got very confused, wondering why his friendly behaviors aroused such hostility in his colleague.Discussion:Why did Wolfgang get angry?How would you react to Wang Liang’s behavior?6. Conversation during mealsWang Ming lives in Slat Lake City next door to Bob and Helen. He has been invited to a dinner party at their home. Wang Ming knows that Bob was recently in hospital and is concerned about his health. When everyone is seated at the dinner table, Wang Ming turns to Bob and says, “Bob, how are you feeling?”Discussion:1. What subject is discussed at the dinner table in this case that is not appropriate, especially in the United States?2. Is this a subject that is not discussed at the dinner table in China?7. Simple can be specialWenhong had an American professor in her economics class in China. She had given the professor a lot of help during the course. At the end of the semester, the professor and his wife invited her to their home for dinner. They said they were going to cook her an American meal. Wenhong felt very flattered and excited, since McDonald, KFC and Pizza Hut had been her only exposure to western cooking. They had salad to start with, then steak with potatoes, followed by ice cream. Wenhong had expected more courses but the meal came to an end. She knew the professor and his wife were being so kind to her, but somewhat she was a little disappointed. She wondered whether American do eat like that at home.Questions for discussions:How many dishes would you prepare to treat a friend if you invited him or her to home?Was the professor unwilling to invite Wenhong to his home? Why did he treat Wenhong with such a simple meal?8. Iris is an American and has married a Chinese researcher,Ren Hua. They have a three-year-old son,Dave. One morning before breakfast,Iris kept asking Dave to choose between two different breakfast cereals and two different kinds of fruit juice.Dave was busy playing with a toy and wasn’t listening to her. Then Ren Hua told Iris that it wasn’t necessary or proper to ask a child to choose his/her breakfast,and it was better just to give him what she thinks is best for him.Iris was puzzled,and argued that a child should be given the right to choose.1.What’s the problem?2.Why were they disagreeing?9. Are You Mad at Me?Jeff was pleased to have been assigned an international student as his roommate in his second year at a small liberal arts college in the US.Ji Bing was an easy-going guy,a good listener,warm-hearted,and always ready for a new experience.He appreciated Jeff’s explanations of American life and unfamiliar language,Jeff didn’t think Ji Bing was anymore difficult to get along with than the American room-mate he had the year before,except that he seemed to want to study more than Jeff was used to and he sometimes borrowed Jeff’s things without asking first.One night Jeff was working on a project that required some artwork, Ji Bing was at his desk studying for a test.Jeff’s scissors were just too dull to do the job,So he asked Ji Bing,“Sorry to bother you while you’re studying,but could I use your scissors for a while?”Ji Bing said,“Sure,”opened his desk drawer and handed Jeff the scissors.“Thanks,thanks a lot,”Jeff said.A few minutes later Jeff decided that his crayons were not going to do the trick.He addressed his roommate again:“Sorry to bug you again,but these crayons make this look like kindergarten.You know those colored pencils you have? Would it be OK if I used them for my project?”Ji Bing got up and got them off the shelf and said,“Help yourself,”and went back to reading as Jeff thanked him.After another few minutes,Jeff said,“I must be driving you crazy, but have you got any glue or tape? Promise I’ll buy you another roll.”Ji Bing handed Jeff a role of tape that was on his desk saying.“Use as much as you want.I don ’t need it.”“Appreciate it.”mumbled Jeff as he went back to h is project.Ji Bing went back to his reading.As Jeff was finishing his project he noticed that Ji Bing was watching him.He looked up and was surprised to hear his Chinese roommate ask him in a plaintive tone, “Are you angry at me?”“Of course not.”Jeff replied,“what makes you think that?”1.Why does Ji Bing suspect that Jeff is angry?2.What answer will Ji Bing give to Jeff’s question?3.What are the differences in what American and Chinese young people expect from their friends?4. Give advice to both Jeff and Ji Bing about how to handle their problem.10. Steve and Yaser first met in their chemistry class at an American university. Yaser was an international student from Jordan. He was excited to get to know an American. He wanted to learn more about American culture. Yaser hoped that he and Steve would become good friends.At first, Steve seemed very friendly. He always greeted Yaser warmly before class. Sometimes he offered to study with Yaser. He even invited Yaser to eat lunch with him. But afterthe semester was over, Steve seemed more distant. The two former classmates didn't see each other very much at school. One day Yaser decided to call Steve. Steve didn't seem very interested in talking to him. Yaser was hurt by Steve's change of attitude. "Steve said we were friends," Yaser complained. "And I said friends were friends forever.What was wrong in the relationship between Yaser and Steve? Do you think it is reasonable for one to conclude from such an experience like Yaser's that Americans are fickle in friendship?11. Who to hang the coat?Read the conversation between Litz (an English speaker) and Lin (a Chinese) Litz: (opens the door) Oh, Lin, how nice you could come!Lin: It's not difficult to find your house.Litz: Come on in.Lin: (comes in)Litz: Can I take your coat?Lin: No, thanks. (Takes off her coat and hangs it)Question for discussion: Why did Lin refuse Litz’s offering of taking her coat? Why did Litz feel upset?Possible answer: Chinese and Westerners have different cultural values. Lize was hurt because Lin did not let her hang her coat. Litz's offering to hang Lin's coat is one of Litz's way to show her hospitality. On Lin's side, she thought that Litz was her supervisor and that it was not appropriate to let her supervisor hang her coat.12. A complaint letter (adopted from Gu Yueguo, Cross-cultural communication, p. 138-139) Dear James,Teaching in China is a real pleasure, but people here can sometimes be a little mean with their hospitability. Yesterday I was invited to an official banquet in the evening by the university. As you know, I enjoy Chinese food and would have loved to have gone, but for some reason Janet was not included in the invitation. Naturally I couldn’t’t accept and leave the dear old wife at home so I had to make an excuse to get out of it. Can’t think why they should want to snub her in that way, but it has made both of us feel that we are not really welcome...Andy Questions for discussion:Why did Andy interpret the invitation as a negative one?If you are an official banquet organizer in China, would you include Andy’s wife in the invitation? If you are one in the West, would you include her?13. Is smiling always the right thing?Peter is the general manager of an American company in China. Recently, Jun Chen, one of the Chinese managers made a mistake at work that caused difficulties that required a considerable effort to fix. Jun Chen was very upset about what had happened and came to Peter’s office to make an apology. With a smile on his face, he said, “Peter, I’ve been very upset about the trouble I’ve caused to the company. I’m here to apologize for my mistake. I’m terribly sorry about it and I want you to know that it will never happen again.”He looked at Peter with thesmile he had been wearing since he walked into the office. Peter found it hard to accept the apology.He looked at Jun Chen and asked, “Are you sure?”“Yes, I’m very sorry and I promise this won’t happen again,”smiling even more broadly than before.“I am sorry but I simply cannot accept your apology. You don’t look sorry at all!”Peter said angrily.Jun Chen’s face turned red. He had not in the least expected Peter to react negatively. He was desperate to make himself understood. “Peter,”he managed to smile again, “trust me, no one could feel sorrier than I do about it.”Peter was furious by now, “If you are that sorry, how can you still smile?”Questions for discussions:Why did Jun Chen wear a smile when he made the apology?Do you think it reasonable that Peter became so angry with Jun Chen? Why or why not?What are the different interpretations of a smile by the two people involved in this situation.14. Posture in the classroomMr. Cohen is a expatriate teacher form the United States teaching in a university in China. He likes to conduct his class in a very casual way. This is particularly noticeable in the way he dressed and sits in class. He invariably wears jeans and a T-shirt and sits on the teacher’s desk with his legs stretched out and his two feet resting on the edge of the student’s desk in front of him. Once the senior teacher responsible for teaching affairs spoke to him about his very informal posture in class and told him that it was not acceptable, Mr. Cohen was annoyed at this criticism as he felt that by acting in this way in class he would help students to relax more and be ready to talk more. Questions for discussions:What do you think of the posture adopted by Mr. Cohen in class? Do your teachers adopt the similar posture in class?What do you think of his view that this would encourage students to talk more and profit more from the oral interaction with a native speaker of English?15. The movie “The Guasha Treatment” is based on a real story of a Chinese family living in the U.S. A. Xu Datong was a successful Chinese immigrant. His father visits his family and performs Guasha, a traditional Chinese medical practice to treat his grandson Dennis. Though painless, the treatment left red marks on the skin. Soon the Child Welfare Agency accuses the family of child abuse and take the boy away from them. ….Questions for discussion after viewing the movie:1. Why does Xu Datong invite his friend John to be his lawyer, although Johan is not familiar with family law? What can we learn from it about Chinese culture?2. Why does Xu Datong tell the judge he performed Guasha on Dennis, not his father? What can we learn from it about Chinese culture?3. Who shall we ask for help when we get into legal troubles, our relatives, friends, or a lawyer?。

文化生活复习提纲

文化生活复习提纲

文化生活复习提纲第一课文化与社会——从社会发展看文化一、体味文化1、文化万花筒(1)文化形式:丰富多彩P8(2)文化现象:无时不在、无处不在。

(3)文化生活:各具特色2、文化是什么(1)含义:P6。

(2)类别。

(3)产生。

(4)文化素养。

(5)载体3、文化的力量(1)是什么。

(2)体现。

P9二、文化与经济政治(1)相互影响(2)相互交融(3)文化在综合国力的竞争中:地位和作用如何?如何应对?第二课文化对人的影响——从人的发展看文化一、感受文化影响1、文化影响面面观(1)来源(2)表现(3)特点2、文化塑造人生表现(1):表现(2):表现(3):社会发展与人的发展关系:人的全面发展的内涵:三、综合探究1、文化竞争力备受关注2、维护文化安全显得更加重要第三课文化的多样性与文化传播一、世界文化多样性1、异彩纷呈,交相辉映(1)基本表现:2、透视文化多样性(1)含义(2)表现(3)特点:是民族的又是世界的。

(为什么?)P313、尊重文化多样性(1)态度(2)原因(3)原则二、文化在交流中传播1、生活中的文化传播(1)含义(2)途径2、大众传媒(1)传媒的发展历程(2)大众传媒的含义、形式(3)大众传媒的标志(4)大众传媒的地位3、文化交流(1)意义(2)使命第四课文化的继承性与文化的发展一、传统文化的继承1、传统文化的含义2、传统文化继承的内容(表现)及各自的特点3、传统文化的特点4、传统文化的作用5、传统文化继承的必要性6、对待传统文化的正确态度二、文化在继承中发展1、文化继承与发展的关系2、文化传承3、影响文化发展的重要因素4、教育在文化传承中的作用第五课文化创新一、文化创新的源泉和作用1、文化创新的必要性(2个)2、文化创新的源泉3、文化创新的根本目的4、文化创新的作用5、文化创新的主体二、文化创新的途径1、文化创新的途径之一:继承传统、推陈出新。

(1)根本途径(2)具体措施2、文化创新途径之二:面向世界、博采众长。

新中国文化概览复习提纲

新中国文化概览复习提纲

Part I Blank Filling.(15%)
舌尖上的中国纪录片,国旗,儒家,餐桌座位安排,
川剧,浙菜代表菜,四大发明,竹简,文房四宝,女词
人,鲁迅,丝绸之路,道教,“初唐四杰”, 春联,阳历
四月的节日,四大书院,昆明,科举考试前三名称谓,
徐悲鸿, 书圣,画圣,缠足, 中山装四个口袋的含义,
华表上的 “犼”头朝向含义, 山西及陕西, 石狮摆放讲
究, 布达拉宫
Part II True or False statements. (20%)
课后相关练习判断题
Part III Choose the best one to match the following
items.(20 %)
课后练习连线题
Part IV Term Explaining. (10%)
天坛 四大名著 三从四德 《诗经》
Part V Passage Translation (20 %)
English to Chinese
二十四节气划分,阴历,第8章课后翻译练习
Chinese to English
SAR, 第3章课后翻译练习 四书五经
Part VI Writing (15%)
课外

文化提纲

文化提纲

一、文化与生活1、“文化”的内涵与特点:(A P6)(1)“文化”的内涵:是相对于经济、政治而言的人类全部精神活动及其产品。

其中,既包括世界观、人生观、价值观等具有意识形态性质的部分,又包括自然科学和技术、语言和文字等非意识形态的部分。

(2)“文化”的特点:①文化是人类社会特有的现象。

②每个人所具有的文化素养,不是与生俱来的,是通过对社会生活的体验,特别是通过参与文化活动、接受知识文化教育而逐步培养出来的。

③人们的精神活动离不开物质活动,精神产品离不开物质载体。

2.文化的社会作用:(A P9)(1)文化作为一种精神力量,能够在人们认识世界、改造世界的过程中转化为物质力量,对社会发展产生深刻的影响。

这种影响,不仅表现在个人的成长历程中,而且表现在民族和国家的历史中。

(2)先进的、健康的文化对社会的发展产生巨大的促进作用;反动的、腐朽没落的文化则对社会的发展起着重大的阻碍作用。

3、文化与经济、政治的关系:相互影响、相互交融(B P102)①经济是基础,政治是经济的集中表现,文化是经济和政治的反映。

②一定的文化由一定的经济、政治所决定,文化反作用于政治、经济,给予政治、经济以重大影响。

③不同性质的文化,对经济、政治的影响不同,对社会发展的作用也不同。

先进的、健康的文化会促进经济、政治的发展,落后的、腐朽的文化则会阻碍经济、政治的发展。

不同民族的文化,影响不同民族和国家各具特色的发展道路。

▲4、文化在综合国力中的地位和作用(C P11)当今世界,文化在综合国力竞争中的地位和作用越来越突出。

文化越来越成为民族凝聚力和创造力的重要源泉,越来越成为综合国力竞争的重要因素。

随着世界多极化、经济全球化的深入发展,文化已经成为国家核心竞争力的重要因素,谁占据了文化发展的制高点,谁拥有了强大的文化软实力,谁就能够更好地在激烈的国际竞争中掌握主动权。

5、文化对人影响的表现:(B P13-14)①文化影响人们的交往行为和交往方式。

《文化生活》后期复习提纲

《文化生活》后期复习提纲

后期复习提纲(文化生活)一、文化的作用(“文化与生活”)1、文化对社会的作用:文化是一种精神力量;文化与经济政治的关系;三个“越来越”;提高文化软实力,维护文化安全,建设文化强国。

2、文化对个人的作用:文化对人影响的来源;特点;表现;优秀文化塑造人生二、“文化传承与创新”1、“文化多样性与文化传播”(1)文化多样性:多样性的典型表现及各自的作用;理解文化既是民族的又是世界的;为什么要尊重文化多样性;怎样尊重(原则+态度)(2)文化的交流与传播:前提(文化具有多样性,应尊重多样性);文化传播的主要途径和手段;为什么要推动文化交流与传播;怎样推动(注意添加:我国应增强文化自觉和文化自信,展示我国优秀传统文化的源远流长和博大精深)2、“文化的继承与发展”(1)传统文化:特点;继承性的表现;地位;双面作用;态度(2)影响文化发展的因素(注意教材几处提到了教育)(3)文化继承与发展的关系及怎样处理3、“文化创新”:文化创新与社会实践的关系;怎样推动文化创新(包括《北极星》中关于创新的热点知识);文化创新的社会作用三、“中华文化与民族精神”(注意《北极星》长征精神的热点知识、工匠精神、雷锋精神)1、中华文化:特点及表现、包容性的内涵及作用2、民族精神:民族精神的内涵(注意区分四个内容,尤其注意爱国主义);为什么要弘扬中华民族精神;怎样弘扬(注意增添文化自信和文化自觉)3、中华文化的力量及中华文化与民族精神的关系四、“发展中国特色社会主义文化”1、“走进文化生活”(1)文化的特点与文化市场的“喜”与“忧”的原因(2)大众文化:是什么;如何发展大众文化(3)落后文化和腐朽文化:区别;怎样对待2、“建设社会主义文化强国”(1)中国特色社会社会主义文化:含义;特点;地位作用(2)中国特色社会主义文化发展道路:建设文化强国与走中国特色社会主义文化发展道路的关系;怎样走此道路(3)文化自觉和文化自信:各自的内涵;为什么要增强文化自觉和自信;怎么办(4)“建设社会主义精神文明”:根本任务是什么;主要内容(怎么样)3、“加强社会主义思想道德建设”(1)加强社会主义思想道德建设的地位(2)建设社会主义核心价值体系、培育和践行社会主义核心价值观:哪个是内核;怎样建设该体系和培育该价值观(3)全面提高公民思想道德素质(包括社会主义荣辱观和公民基本道德规范)(4)思想道德修养和科学文化修养:二者的关系;怎样提高注意:加强思想道德建设与精神文明建设、与文化强国建设的关系。

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宁夏伊品生物工程股份有限公司《企业文化纲要》考试复习提纲学习成果要求----各级员工应对其内容通过对公司《企业文化纲要》宣贯学习后,和含义的掌握达到一定的程度,具体要求如下:;(高管人员)高需掌握的层级:A-;(全体司管干部)干。

(职能管理人员、工程技术人员、值长)管;(全体员工)全;-熟记(可随时背诵原文)★需掌握的程度:B--理解(可解释其含义)▲;。

-知晓(懂得其含义)△概论篇第一章)――(△,全。

一、企业文化的内涵逐步形成和培育起来企业文化是企业在长期的生产经营过程中,的、为全体员工共同遵守的、带有本企业特点的企业使命、愿景、精神、以及在此基础上形成的经营思想、行为规范和经营理念,价值观、管理制度、企业形象和员工行为方式等。

)――(▲,管。

二、企业文化的三个层面物质文化―--―、树立良好的企业形象1宁夏伊品生物工程股份有限公司企业产品的形象、企业领导和员工的形象等。

这包括企业形象、质量观是企业价值观念、是企业通过内在努力而反映出的外在表现,品质信誉等方面的综合体现。

管理水平、创新观念以及技术素质、念、―--―、建立完善的企业规范2 制度文化企业企业的规章制度、企业的生产方式、包括企业的组织形式、是企业在处这是企业文化在组织上和法制上的反映,的道德风尚等。

理内部管理关系时所形成的价值观念。

精神文化 -- 、培育牢固的企业精神3企业精神、企业的目标追包括企业的价值观、企业的经营哲学、求等。

是企业在生存和发展过程中所推崇和信这是企业文化的核心,奉的基本行为准则。

――(△,管)三、企业经营理念企业看法和信念,实际上就是我们对某种事物的观点、“理念”经营理念就是指系统的、根本的管理思想。

――(△,管)四、企业核心价值观做出取舍选择判断是非对错、价值观是一种人们在处理事情时,的标准,价值观也。

核心价值观在企业价值观体系中处于核心地位,是企业员工最基本的心理契约,是认同度较高的价值标准。

――(△,管)五、企业哲学企业哲学是指企业在创造物质财富和精神财富的生产经营活动中,表现出来的世界观和方法论,也就是企业的价值观。

1宁夏伊品生物工程股份有限公司――(△,管)六、企业精神思想境界和理企业精神是指企业员工所具有的共同的内心态度、企业精神的核心内容它展示了企业的精神风貌和处事风气。

想追求,是价值观。

――(△,管)七、企业战略使外部环境企业战略是指企业按照长期经营所要求达到的目的,提出达到目的的途径和手段。

进行资源分配决策,和内部条件相适应,企业战略具有三个相互制约的基本要素,就是目的、手段和条件。

战略篇第二章――(★,全)“伊品”的基本竞争战略一、成本领先―― 。

就是以保证产品质量控制标准的战略,公司确定的“成本领先”成为行业中的成本领先者的通过在内部加强成本控制,为先决条件,战略。

――(▲,管)“伊品”的发展战略二、积极应用高新技术,走专业化基础上的适度多元化道路。

稳定目前具有显著优势的主营业务,坚持以发展提高科技含量,市场发展、资源优势、结合地域特点、现代生物工程产业为主的同时,有选择地进入某些相关行金融资本以及自身的技术能力和管理能力,业,谋求跨越式发展,使“伊品”成为一个具有强大竞争实力的国际化企业。

理念篇第三章2宁夏伊品生物工程股份有限公司――(★,全)“伊品”的企业愿景一、打造“令人尊敬、令人景仰”的企业。

――(★,全)“伊品”的企业使命二、共同创造美好生活“伊品”的企业精神三、――(★,全)追求卓越团结务实――(★,全)“伊品”的核心价值观四、尽责诚信创新“思想要创新进取、做人要诚信为本、做事要尽职尽责”――――(★,管)“伊品”的“四大文化特征”五、客户文化、责任文化、团队文化、学习文化。

――(▲,管)客户文化▲热情、真诚、到位。

客户文化特征的主要表现为:――经营感情、实现双赢。

“伊品”客户文化的支撑点:、服务理念1相互尊重、致善致诚、客户如意、员工满意。

、质量理念2客户要求就是标准,争取超越客户的期望。

、品牌理念33宁夏伊品生物工程股份有限公司品牌与品质同步,精神与物质并重。

、营销理念4为客户创造价值,与客户共同成长。

――(▲,管)责任文化▲责任文化特征的主要表现为:―― 敬业、务实、自律。

尽职尽责,才能被人赞赏和尊重。

责任文化的支撑点:“伊品”、生存理念1强者生存、快者生存、适者生存、远虑者生存。

、发展理念2发展是硬道理,不一定最大,但一定是最强。

、管理理念3管理是严肃与爱护的结合、是科学与艺术的结合。

、安全理念4对自己负责,对他人负责,对企业负责,对社会负责。

、环境理念5谋求经济、社会、环境的和谐共进。

、节约理念6节约光荣,浪费可耻。

、公益理念7多一点爱心,就多一点温暖。

(▲,管)――团队文化▲4宁夏伊品生物工程股份有限公司团结、活力、高效。

团队文化特征的主要表现为:――激情成就阳光团队,活力创造快乐生活。

团队文化的支撑点:“伊品”、协作理念1宽容是团队协作纽带,信任是成功协作基础。

、用人理念2把合适的人才放在最合适的岗位上。

、领导理念3率先垂范、志向高远、注重细节、精益求精。

、执行理念4效率就是效益,执行力就是竞争力。

、和谐理念5。

和谐不是一团和气,而是“团结紧张,严肃活泼”、感恩理念6滴水之恩,涌泉相报,因为感恩,所以报恩。

(▲,管)――学习文化▲勤奋、钻研、交流。

文化特征的主要表现为:学习――学习是一种美德,是提升知识和能力的通道。

学习文化的支撑点:“伊品”、创新理念1创新就是不断的改善。

、科技理念25宁夏伊品生物工程股份有限公司保持市场竞争的优势地培育自主核心技术,整合吸收高新技术,位。

、职业理念3干一行,爱一行,专一行,成为令组织骄傲的员工。

规范篇第四章(△,全)――“伊品员工”的誓言一、,我要:我们怀着共同的信念而聚首“伊品”尊重自己,做自爱自强的表率;尊重同事,做团结合作的表率;尊重客户,做挚诚服务的表率;尊重职业,做爱岗勤学的表率;尊重企业,做遵章守纪的表率;尊重家庭,做亲情和睦的表率。

我坚信“伊品”是我们实现价值和创造价值的舞台,我愿意伴随着她共同成长、共同创造美好生活!(★,全)――“伊品员工”的道德规范二、实事求是、忠诚企业。

“伊品员工”的道德取向三、(△,全)――遵守社会公德,恪守职业道德,倡导家庭美德。

(★,全)――“伊品员工”的五讲作风四、6宁夏伊品生物工程股份有限公司讲实干、讲效能、讲协作、讲进步、讲自律。

(▲,高)――“伊品”的企业家精神五、诚实守信、遵纪守法的诚信精神;善于学习、因需而变的创新精神;精益求精、勇担责任的敬业精神;注重激励、主动奉献的合作精神;培养下属、善待员工的仁爱精神;高瞻远瞩、永不放弃的求索精神。

(▲,高)――“伊品”高管团队的境界与风格六、高管团队是决定企业命运的核心力量,“伊品”是企业文化的倡导者和传播者,必须在长期和短期、集体与个人、卓越与平庸、有限权利与无限责任等重大问题上作出明智的选择。

(△,全)――“伊品”的“高压线”七、失德行为、渎职行为、毁誉行为。

、为获取小利而失去大义的贪污行为、在业务交往中收受回扣1等贿赂的行为,或包庇严重违纪的行为;、泄露公司商业机密、帮助竞争对手进行不正当竞争或损害公2司客户利益的行为;、因工作严重失职而给公司造成经济损失的行为;3、拉帮结派、推卸责任,臵公司和他人安危于不顾的行为;4、因个人言行不当或公开攻击并诋毁、污蔑公司,造成恶劣影57宁夏伊品生物工程股份有限公司响或重大损失的行为;(△,全)――“伊品”职业化的基本标准八、职业规范、职业意识、职业追求。

职业规范▲从情感、观念到行为,都能严守职业规范,讲求职业道德。

职业意识▲干一行,答应的事情一定做好;尊重承诺,尊重责任、尊重企业、爱一行,专一行,做一个有用的人、一个受人尊重的人。

职业追求▲攀登职追求更高境界的职业发展,不断提升个人的知识和能力,业生涯中事业和理想高峰。

(▲,全)――“伊品”员工礼仪规范九、仪容整洁、服装规范、举止优雅、言语得体。

管理篇第五章(★,全)――“伊品”的核心竞争力一、“伊品”的团队凝聚力(▲,管)――“伊品”的四大管理思想二、“四化”管理思想;文化管理思想;知识管理思想;变革管理思想。

▲文化管理思想8宁夏伊品生物工程股份有限公司文化管理是企业管理的最高境界思想(精细化管理)“四化”管理▲管理体系化、制度流程化、执行标准化、员工职业化。

――知识管理思想▲责任重于能力,知识用于实践才有价值。

变革管理思想▲危机中求生存,变革中图发展。

(★,管)――三、企业管理方针用体系管理企业、用文化规范行为。

形象篇第六章一、(★,全)――“伊品文化”形象活力伊品、高效团队。

(▲,董事长)――“伊品”的“领袖”形象二、睿智进取、意志坚定、诚信尽责、乐善亲和。

――“伊品”领导形象三、(★,干)善于学习、正直宽容、勤奋敬业、执行到位。

(★,全)――“伊品”员工形象四、品德好、学习好、技术好、协作好。

“四好员工”――9宁夏伊品生物工程股份有限公司“伊品”环境形象五、(△,全)――整洁有序、文明优雅。

“伊品”品牌形象六、(▲,全)――“伊品”品牌的核心价值、1一流的品质、一流的品行、一流的品位(▲,管)――“伊品”的产品形象、2品质与价值相符。

(△,全)――伊品”品牌标志的内涵“七、――“伊品”标志(△,干)――八、企业系统比喻公司战略是头脑;制度流程是骨架;管理体系是经络;运转资金是血液;科学技术是心脏;系统能力是肌肉;外部形象是皮肤;企业文化是灵魂。

人才篇第七章(★,管)――一、什么是“人才”?符合公司岗位需求的人。

(▲,管)――“伊品”人力资源管理的任务二、10宁夏伊品生物工程股份有限公司赢得员工的职业承最大程度地为员工创造快乐工作的人文环境,诺与身心投入,建立职业化的员工队伍,实现公司的使命和愿景。

(★,干)――“伊品”人力资源管理的使命三、构建员工成就理想和事业的平台。

“伊品”人力资源管理的指导思想四、(△,干)――建设务实促进员工职业生涯的不断发展,通过人力资本的增值,高效的工作团队,确保公司战略目标的实现。

(▲,干)――“伊品”人力资源管理的核心理念五、第一要素的理念、共同发展的理念、相互拥有的理念、文化相融的理念六、(▲,干)――“伊品”人力资源战略的核心细心选才、精心育才、放心用才、诚心留才。

(△,干)――“伊品”人力资源管理的发展观七、树立战略意识;强调资源意识;加强文化意识;强化激励意识;确立重点意识;注重全局意识。

八、(▲,干)――“伊品”人才培养与培训体系遵循的原则系统性原则、针对性原则、实效性原则、持续性原则。

(△,干)――“伊品”任职资格管理的价值九、一种标杆管理方式;11宁夏伊品生物工程股份有限公司一种职业化模式;一种评估员工能力的机制;一种新型的“职称体系”模式;一种绩效能力提升的手段;一种人力资源最基础的管理平台。

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