XX中考英语知识点：动名词的作用
中考英语非谓语动词用法系列讲座---动词不定式、动名词及动词过去分词精讲及练习
中考英语非谓语动词用法系列讲座非谓语动词主要指在句中不能充当句子谓语，而是充当句子其它成分的动词。
非谓语动词有三种形式：动词不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）。
现在分词和动名词又统称为动词v--ing形式。
非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化，但有语态和时态的变化。
本讲座主要对非谓语动词的基本用法分别进行系列讲解。
第一讲：动词不定式用法精讲及练习考点一：动词不定式的基本用法动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，在某些情况下，to可以省略。
动词不定式在句中主要起名词、形容词、副词的作用，因此，动词不定式可以作句子主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、同位语和独立结构。
但在初中阶段，主要掌握动词不定式作句子的主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语为主。
为了简明扼要地掌握动词不定式的用法，我们以表格的形式呈现给大家。
见下表：表（一）：动词不定式的基本形式：【典型考例】（2019湖北襄阳）我们的老师总是告诉我们，在学习中不要逃避任何困难。
(keep)Our teacher always tells us___ _ in the study【析】正确答案：not to escape any difficulties。
“告诉某人不要做某事”在英语中为tell sb. not to do sth.,not to do sth为动词不定式的否定形式，作动词tell的宾语补足语。
“逃避任何困难”为escape any difficulties。
【典型考例】（2019哈尔滨）Kids like reading stories which can make them _____.ughB.to laughughing【析】正确答案：A。
句意是：孩子们喜欢那些能让他们哈哈大笑的故事。
动词make为使役动词，其后接不定式短语作宾语补足语时，省略to。
即make sb do sth“使某人作某事”，故正确答案为A。
高中动名词的用法
高中动名词的用法什么是动名词？动名词是一种特殊的名词形式，它可以表示动作或状态。
动名词通常以“-ing”结尾，例如“running”、“swimming”等。
在高中英语中，动名词的用法非常常见。
动名词的主要用法作主语动名词可以作为句子的主语，用来强调或描述一个动作或状态。
例如：- Running is good for your health.（跑步对健康有益。
）Running is good for your health.（跑步对健康有益。
）- Swimming is my favorite sport.（游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
）Swimming is my favorite sport.（游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
）作宾语动名词也可以作为及物动词的宾语，接在动词后面。
例如：- I enjoy reading books.（我喜欢读书。
）reading books.（我喜欢读书。
）- He suggested going to the park.（他建议去公园。
）going to the park.（他建议去公园。
）作介词宾语动名词可以作为介词的宾语，说明介词所表示的动作。
例如：- She is good at dancing.（她擅长跳舞。
）dancing.（她擅长跳舞。
）- They are interested in playing chess.（他们对下棋感兴趣。
）playing chess.（他们对下棋感兴趣。
）作定语动名词也可以作为名词的定语，修饰名词。
例如：- I bought a running shoe.（我买了一双跑鞋。
）running shoe.（我买了一双跑鞋。
）- The swimming pool is closed for repairs.（游泳池因维修而关闭。
）swimming pool is closed for repairs.（游泳池因维修而关闭。
）注意事项在使用动名词时，还需要注意以下几点：- 如果动名词作为及物动词的宾语，可以带宾语补足语（即动名词后面可以接名词或代词）。
人教版英语中考动词不定式与动名词用法说课稿
3.创设生活化的情境，让学生尝试用英语描述一些日常动作，从而引出本节课的主题：中考动词不定式与动名词用法。
（二）新知讲授
在新知讲授阶段，我将逐步呈现知识点，引导学生深入理解：
1.首先，介绍动词不定式和动名词的概念，通过示例句型让学生直观地了解它们的结构和用法；
2.任务驱动法：将学习任务分解为若干个子任务，引导学生自主探究和解决问题，提高学生的实践操作能力和解决问题的能力。
3.案例分析法：通过分析实际语境中的案例，帮助学生理解语法知识，培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。
4.小组合作法：鼓励学生进行小组讨论和合作，培养学生的团队协作能力和沟通能力。
（二）媒体资源
（二）学习障碍
在学习本节课之前，学生具备的前置知识包括动词基本用法、时态、语态等。然而，学生在学习本节课时可能存在以下障碍：
1.对动词不定式和动名词的概念理解不清；
2.难以区分动词不定式和动名词的用法；
3.在实际语境中，不知道如何正确运用动词不定式和动名词；
4.部分学生对语法学习缺乏信心，容易产生畏惧和抵触心理。
五、板书设计与教学反思
（一）板书设计
我的板书设计将遵循清晰、简洁、结构化的原则。板书布局分为三部分：左侧列出本节课的主要知识点，中间展示例句和关键语法结构，右侧用于记录学生的疑问和解答。
1.主要内容：左侧列出动词不定式与动名词的定义、结构、用法和区别；中间部分通过彩色粉笔突出显示关键句型和语法规则；右侧部分实时更新学生的疑问和教师的解答。
（五）作业布置
课后作业布置如下：
1.完成一份动词不定式与动名词用法的练习题，巩固课堂所学知识；
2.撰写一篇小短文，运用所学知识描述一个生活场景；
2024年中考英语非谓语动词-动名词,现在分词和过去分词课件
有些动词接不定式作宾语时， The rabbit stopped to eat a carrot.
与接动名词做宾语时意思不
同
The rabbit stopped eating a carrot.
现在分词
现在分词
误区：现在进行时=be+现在分词 非谓语动词没有时间变化，现在
a talking rabbit
现在分词作状语
可表示时间，原因，条件，让步，结果，方式和伴随等 Walking in the street, I saw him.
表时间
Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.
（ 3 ）Pointed ( p o i n t ) a t b y o t h e r s , h e w a s v e r y
a n g r y.
被 别 人 指 着 ， 他bo很ile生d气 。
（4）You can drink
(boil)water.
你可以喝开水。
to improve
（5）I should do more exercises
The story is interesting. 主动
The rabbit is interested. 被动
The idea presented by Peter
过去分词
作宾语补语
The rabbit found his carrot stolen
作状语
Seen from the hill, the carrot field looks beautiful. Seeing from the hill, the carrot field looks beautiful. Seeing the carrot field, the rabbit ran towards it.
中考英语非谓语动词用法系列讲座---动词不定式、动名词和动词过去分词精讲和练习
中考英语非谓语动词用法系列讲座非谓语动词主要指在句中不能充当句子谓语，而是充当句子其它成分的动词。
非谓语动词有三种形式：动词不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）。
现在分词和动名词又统称为动词v--ing形式。
非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化，但有语态和时态的变化。
本讲座主要对非谓语动词的基本用法分别进行系列讲解。
第一讲：动词不定式用法精讲及练习考点一：动词不定式的基本用法动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，在某些情况下，to可以省略。
动词不定式在句中主要起名词、形容词、副词的作用，因此，动词不定式可以作句子主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、同位语和独立结构。
但在初中阶段，主要掌握动词不定式作句子的主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语为主。
为了简明扼要地掌握动词不定式的用法，我们以表格的形式呈现给大家。
见下表：表（一）：动词不定式的基本形式：【典型考例】（2019湖北襄阳）我们的老师总是告诉我们，在学习中不要逃避任何困难。
(keep)Our teacher always tells us___ _ in the study【析】正确答案：not to escape any difficulties。
“告诉某人不要做某事”在英语中为tell sb. not to do sth.,not to do sth为动词不定式的否定形式，作动词tell的宾语补足语。
“逃避任何困难”为escape any difficulties。
【典型考例】（2019哈尔滨）Kids like reading stories which can make them _____.ughB.to laughughing【析】正确答案：A。
句意是：孩子们喜欢那些能让他们哈哈大笑的故事。
动词make为使役动词，其后接不定式短语作宾语补足语时，省略to。
即make sb do sth“使某人作某事”，故正确答案为A。
第十三章动词-ing形式(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
第十三章动词-ing形式思维导图知识梳理一、动名词的定义动词-ing形式分为两类:动名词和现在分词.动名词在句中起名词作用,现在分词在句中起形容词或副词作用.动名词是一种动词的非谓语形式,它兼有动词和名词的特征,由动词原形加词尾-ing而成,其构成法与现在分词一样.动名词有时态和语态的变化.(以do为例)二、动词-ing 形式的句法作用从性质上讲,动词的-ing形式相当于名词、形容词、副词.因此,它在句中可用作主语、表语、定语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语.(一)作主语动词-ing形式作主语通常表示一种抽象的动作概念,即泛指某种行为或动作.Eating too much is bad for your health.吃得太多对身体健康有害.Is playing basketball after lunch good or bad for your health?吃完午饭就打篮球对身体健康有益还是有害?Travelling abroad can widen one's outlook.出国旅行会扩大人们的视野.点拨(1)动词-ing形式短语作主语,通常有两种位置:一是放在句首,如上述例句所示;一是用it作形式主语,而将-ing分词短语移到谓语部分之后,以避免句子结构头重脚轻.Having his brother here will make him happier.It will make him happier having his brother here.让他的兄弟待在这里将会使他高兴一些.Swimming in this river is dangerous.It is dangerous swimming in this river.在这条河中游泳很危险.(2)动词-ing形式作主语还可以用于“There is no+-ing形式”(····是不可能的)结构.There is no smoking here.这里不许吸烟.There is no joking about such matters.这件事开不得玩笑.(二)作表语动词-ing形式(短语)作表语有时起名词作用,泛指动作,有时起形容词作用,指主语的性质、状态.His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮.The news is exciting.这消息令人兴奋.The food smells inviting.这道菜香味怡人.My favourite sport is playing table tennis.我最喜欢的运动是乒乓球.The only thing she is interested in is dancing.她唯一感兴趣的就是跳舞.点拨不要把作表语的-ing形式与进行时态相混淆.-ing形式作表语表示主语的某种特征,而进行时态则表示正在进行的动作.试比较:Her job is teaching.她的工作是教书.(teaching是表语)She is teaching there now.她正在那儿上课.(is teaching是现在进行时态)(三)作定语动词-ing形式作定语只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等,置于被修饰词之前.a working method 工作方法 a dining car 餐车a swimming pool 游泳池building materials 建材(四)作宾语在某些动词:suggest, finish, avoid, stop, can't help, mind(在乎),admit, advise,consider, deny, enjoy, require, postpone, delay, practise, fancy, excuse, pardon, miss(错过)等后面不能用不定式,而必须用动名词作为宾语.I can't help laughing.我禁不住笑了起来.Return the book to the library as soon as you finish reading it.你一看完这本书就还回图书馆.He enjoys watching TV plays.他喜欢看电视剧.点拨有些动词后既可用动名词,也可用不定式.在动词love, like, begin, start, continue等后,既可用动名词作宾语,也可用不定式作宾语,有时两种结构的意义差别不大.(五)作宾语补足语动词的-ing形式用作宾语补足语,常用在:see, hear, notice, watch, keep, find, feel, get, have等动词之后,与一个名词或代词构成复合宾语;其中宾语和宾语补足语是主谓关系.I saw him walking across the street.我看见他穿过街道.He kept me waiting for a long time.他让我等了很长时间.We watched the army marching down the street towards the park.我们观看部队沿街道朝公园行走.I heard her playing the piano.我听见她在弹钢琴.点拨在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等动词之后,既可用动词-ing形式也可用(不带to的)动词不定式作宾语补足语:如用动词-ing形式,通常表示动作正在进行;用动词不定式,则表示(或强调)动作从开始到结束的全过程.(六)作状语动词的-ing形式短语作状语时,通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作,用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬,它可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随动作,相当于相对应的状语从句.Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up. =When the students saw the teacher entering the room, they stood up.学生(们)看见老师进房间,都站了起来.(两个动作同时发生)Being ill, I went home.=Because I was ill, I went home.由于生病,我回家了.The snow lasted a week, resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.=The snow lasted a week, so it resulted in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.雪下了一个星期,造成整个地方的严重交通混乱.Be careful when crossing the street.过马路时,要小心.The students walked out of the classroom, laughing and talking.学生们有说有笑走出教室.点拨动名词也可以和about, against, at, before, after, by, besides, for, from, in, on, upon, without等介词构成短语,作状语用.Without saying good-bye, she left him.未告别,她就离开了他.After reading the passage twice, he began to do the exercises.这段文章看了两遍后,他就开始做练习了.Upon returning from Beijing, he went to visit his friend.从北京一回来,他马上就去拜访朋友.三、-ing分词的否定式-ing分词是动词的一种非限定形式,其否定式是一律在其前面加否定词“not”或“never”构成.如:I think it will do you a lot of good not going.我觉得不去对你会有好处的.I left at noon, not staying for lunch.我是中午走的,没有留下来吃午饭.I'm sorry for not having informed you of the meeting.抱歉没通知你开会.I regret not having gone together with her.我后悔没有跟她一起去.四、-ing分词常用于下列句型中It's no use... It's no good...Having difficulty/ trouble... There is no...It's no use doing experiments but not considering the results.不考虑结果做实验没有用.It's no good not combining theory with practice.不把理论和实践结合就没有用.I have trouble running a long distance.我跑长跑有困难.There is no denying the fact that we are still backward.不容否认,我们仍然落后.五、动名词的独立主格结构-ing分词也可以用于独立主格结构,由“主格名词或代词＋-ing分词”构成,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随情况等.The clock striking eight, they began working.时钟敲了8响,他们就开始工作了.(表示时间)The weather being fine, we went for a walk.由于天气好,我们出去散散步.(表示原因)Time permitting, we'll come to see you. 如果时间允许,我们就来看你.(表示条件)也可由“with/without+宾语＋-ing分词”构成独立主格结构,表示伴随情况.如:You must not sit with your feet pointing at another person.坐着时不要把脚朝着别人.六、动名词作宾语和动词不定式作宾语含义不同部分动词可加动名词作宾语,也可加动词不定式作宾语,但意思不同,如:(一)remember doing sth.表示“记得过去做过的一件事”,remember to do sth.表示“记得要去做某事”I remember seeing him once somewhere.我记得在哪里见过他一次.Remember to see him before he goes away.记住在他离开之前看他.(二)regret doing sth.表示“对过去做过的事情后悔”,regret to do sth.表示“对还没做或将要做的事情表示遗憾”I regret telling you the bad news.我后悔把这个坏消息告诉你.I regret to say I'm unable to help you.很抱歉我不能帮助你.(三)stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事情”,stop to do sth.表示“停止什么,然后去做另一件事情”Let's stop talking about it.咱们停止谈论这件事情吧.We stopped to see what happened.我们停下来去看发生了什么事情.(四)forget doing sth.表示“忘记曾做过某事”,forget to do sth.表示“忘记去做某事”I forgot giving the letter to her.我忘了,已经把信给她了.I forgot to post the letter.我忘记发信了.(五)try doing sth.表示“尝试着做某事”,try to do sth.表示“设法做某事”Let's try doing the work some other way.我们用别的方法做这工作试试.We must try to get everything done in time.我们必须设法及时把一切搞好.(六)mean doing sth.表示“意味着,意思是”,mean to do sth.表示“打算、想要”This means helping you.这意味着帮助你.I mean to help him with it.我打算帮助他做这件事情.七、一些与动词-ing 形式有关的短语(一)表示有目的、有意识地进行练习或训练某项技能:do+(some)+v.-ingdo some reading 读读书do some running跑跑步do some writing练练字This year I am going to do more speaking.今年我要多练口语.(二)表示做一些笼统、不具体指明的事:do+(some)+v.-ingdo some shopping 去商店买东西(不指明买哪样具体的东西)do some washing 洗东西do some cooking 做饭do some cleaning 扫除do some sewing 缝纫(三)“go+ v.-ing形式”大部分表示从事运动、消遣或娱乐活动go dancing 去跳舞go swimming去游泳go skating 去滑冰go skiing 去滑雪go shooting去射击go boating去划船go fishing去钓鱼go hunting去打猎go riding去骑马go walking去散步go running去跑步go sailing去航海八、-ing分词时态及语态(一)-ing分词的特点:-ing分词的时态分为一般式和完成式.一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词的动作往往同时发生.完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前.He insisted on finishing the work before going home.他坚持在回家前一定要先完成工作.He didn't mention having met me.他没提及已见到了我.I still remember having ever worked together with him.我还记得曾经与他一起共过事.(二)-ing分词的语态-ing分词的被动语态也有一般式和完成式两种.The large house being built near the factory is a new hospital.工厂附近正在施工的大楼是一座新的医院.Having been sent to the wrong address, the letter did not reach her.那封信投错了地址,她没有收到.好题精练选择填空1.Taking pictures_________ very interesting.A. isB. areC. to beD. be2. _________ the bad news made him cry.A. HearB. HeardC. HearingD.Is hearing3. _________ a desert had always been a risk adventure.A. being crossed .Having crossed C. Crossing D. To have crossed4.Before he came, I'd finished_________ the whole book.A. to readB. to have readC. readingD. read5.I always enjoy_________ to popular music at night.A. to listenB. listeningC. that I can listenD. if I can listen6.We are considering_________ a trip around the island.A. takeB. to takeC. to be takingD. taking7.I hope you don't mind_________ at your newspaper.A.I lookB. my lookingC.I lookingD. my to look8.When a man's heart stops_________, he dies.A. to beatB. beating C .beat D. beaten9.I can't help_________ he is still alive.A. thinkingB. thinkC. to thinkD. thought of10.So far as I am concerned , I prefer readingA. than meatB. for joyC. instead of sleeping D to drinking11.It goes without_________ that knowledge is important.A. talkingB. tellingC. sayingD. mentioning12.we are looking forward_________ our friends next week.A .to see B. to seeing C. to be seeing D. shall see13.He spent a lot of money_________ books and magazines.A. buyB. buyingC. to buyD. bought14.The silkworm is an insect worth_________.A. to knowB. knowingC. to be knownD. being known15.She went out without_________ good-bye to us.A. sayB. to sayC. sayingD. being said16.The curious student kept on_________ questions.A. asksB. askingC. to askD. asked17.He is such a strange person; there's_________ what he'll do next.A. no knowingB. not to knowC. not knownD. being unknown18.When she heard the bad news, she burst_________.A. into cryingB. out to tearsC. cryingD. out crying19.You must never cross the street without_________ the light to turn green.A. waitingB. to waitC. waiting forD. to wait for20.Scientists succeed_________ protein out of old newspapers.A .to make B. at making C. making D. in making21.I became_________ after watching too much television.A. boredB. boringC. boreD. bores22.I felt_________ by his interest in my new invention.A. encourage B to encourage C. was encouraged D. encouraged23.He sat there_________ a novel.A. readB. readingC. readsD. had read24.Don't wake up the_________ child.A. sleepB. sleptC. sleepingD. sleepy25.A proverb goes:"A_________ stone gathers no moss”.A. rollB. rollingC. rolledD. rolls26.The heavy rain kept us_________ for two hours.A. waitB. waitedC. waitingD. to wait27.I found a dog_________ over by a car on the road.A. to run B .run C.ran D. running28.We found the baby_________ on the floor.A. sleptB. sleepC. asleepD. sleeping29.Jack saw a woman_________ near the dog, so he walked up to her.A. stoodB. standsC. to standD. standing30.They got their ca_________ at the garage.A. be washedB. washedC. being washedD. to have been washed 31_________ with his report, I told him to write it all over again.A. DissatisfactoryB. Not being satisfiedC. Having not satisfiedD. Dissatisfying32. _________ our shoes in our hands, we crossed the stream.A. To carryB. CarryingC. CarriedD. Carry33. _________ my homework, I went home.A. Having finishedB. FinishedC. Being finishedD. Finish34. _________ the door unlocked, I went in.A. FindingB. FoundC. Had foundD. Have found35. _________ a careless fellow, he forget all about it.A. IsB. BeC. BeingD. Was答案:1-5 ACCCB 6-10 DBBAD11-15 CBBBC 16-20 BADCD 21-25 ADBCB 26-30 CBCDB 31-35 BBAAC。
中考英语-非谓语动词(动名词)例题详解-全
中考英语-非谓语动词（动名词）例题详解-全动名词1．动名词的用法1）作主语例：Running is my favourite sport.跑步是我最喜爱的运动。
Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方与北方开战了。
2）作宾语（1）动词后加动名词doing作宾语V. + doing sth.admit 承认avoid 避免complete 完成keep 继续appreciate 感激,赞赏consider 认为delay 耽误deny 否认detest讨厌endure 忍受enjoy 喜欢escape 逃脱forgive 宽恕prevent阻止fancy 想象finish 完成imagine 想象mind 介意miss 想念postpone 推practise 训练recall 回忆resent 讨厌resist 抵抗resume 继续risk 冒险suggest 建议face 面对include 包括stand 忍受understand 理解例：Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?Mr Taylor and his wife enjoy traveling with children. （2）词组后接doingadmit to，prefer…to，be used to，lead to，devote oneself to，object to，stick to，be busy，look forward to(to为介词），no good, no use, It's worth…,as well as, can't help,It's no use /good，be tired of ，be fond of，be capable of，be afraid of，be proud of，think of / about，hold off，put off，keep on，insist on，count on / upon ，set about，be successful in，be good at，take up，give up，burst out，prevent …from…3）作表语Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. 例1．People have succeeded astronauts to the moon.A. sendingB. to sendC. in sendingD. send【答案】C例2．If there is any problem with the camera, we suggest to us directly.A. contactB. contactingC. to contactD. contacted【答案】B例3．0ur classroom requires ____ , for the walls are very dirty.A. paintedB. are paintingC. paintingD. to paint例4．As the little boy saw his mother, he stopped .A. to cryB. cryingC. cryD. cried【答案】B例5．---How about _______ in the river with us？---Sorry I can't．My parents often tell me not to do that．A. swimB. swimsC. swimmingD. swam【解答】--和我一起去河里游泳怎么样？--抱歉，我不能．我父母经常告诉我不要那样做．例6．Before the package tour last month,he read the introduction carefully.A. bookingB. bookedC. bookD. books【答案】A例7．The robber in the police station still denied_____anything about the bank robbery.A. knowB. knowingC. to knowD. knew【答案】B例8． the National Mathematics Contest is my next goal.B. WinningC. WonD. Have won【答案】B例9．My brother likes apples.A. eatB. eatingC. eats【解答】本题考查非谓语搭配，like后面要接doing形式，所以选B。
【考点梳理 中考英语总复习】考点18 非谓语动词(原卷版)
考点18 非谓语动词非谓语动词是历年中考必考知识点。
从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。
所占分值通常为2～4分。
从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用非谓语动词的能力。
1. 动词不定式；2. 动名词；3. 分词（现在分词和过去分词）。
非谓语动词指不能单独作谓语，但同时仍保留动词某些特征的动词形式。
非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。
构成：to + 动词原形动词不定式作用：作除谓语外的任何成分构成：v-.ing/v.-ed(规则动词)动词的非谓语形式分词作用：表、定、状、补构成：v.-ing动名词作用：主、宾、表、定考向一：不定式1. 动词不定式的作用①使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，须省略to。
此类动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五帮(help)。
变为被动语态时，省略的to则要加上。
②动词不定式的否定形式是not to do，其被动形式为to be done。
►Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone. 我们老师要求我们不要独自一人在河里游泳。
③常接＂疑问词+带to的不定式＂的动词有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。
►My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。
考向二：动名词（一）动名词的构成动名词是由＂动词+-ing＂构成，和现在分词形式一样，兼有动词和名词的特点。
（二）动名词作用作定语用于名词前，起修饰说明作用There is a swimming pool in her home.她家有个游泳池。
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XX中考英语知识点：动名词的作用
动名词的作用
、作主语
）、直接位于句首做主语。例如：
Swimmingisagoodsportinsummer.
2）、用it作形式主语，把动名词（真实主语）置于句
尾作后置主语。
动名词做主语时，不太常用it作先行主语，多见于
某些形容词及名词之后。例如：
Itisnousetellinghimnottoworry.
中考英语知识点：动名词的作用
3）、动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较：动词不
定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多
用来表示泛指或抽象动作，不定式多用来表示特指或具体动
作。比较：
Smokingisnotgoodforhealth.Itisnotgoodforyoutosmokes
omuch.
2、作表语
动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名
词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对
等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。
yourtaskiscleaningthewindows.你的任务就是擦窗户。
（cleaningthewindowsisyourtask.）
whatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.我最痛恨的就是被
别人嘲笑。（BeinglaughedatiswhatIhatemost.）
3、作定语
动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如：
awashingmachine=amachineforwashing=amachinewhichisu
sedforwashing。
4、作宾语
例：wearethinkingofmakinganewplanforthenextterm.
我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。
5、有些词后只能接动名词，不能跟不定式。
allow;avoid;celebrate;consider;discontinue;dislike;
enjoy;escape;excuse;explain;feellike;finish;forgive
;can’
thelp;imagine;keep;itmeans;mind;miss;practice;preve
nt;等
6、另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用短语。
spendmoney/time;thinkof，giveup，putoff，insiston，
begoodat，dowellin，can'thelp，keepon，feellike，betired
（afraid，capable，fond）of，
lookforwardto,beusedto,devoteoneselfto,stickto,resp
ondto,lookforwardto,
7、有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可，例如：
remember,forget,try,stop,goon,stop,regret,,mean后面
均可用不定式和-ing形式，但意义截然不容。 例：
likedoingsth表经常性动作liketodosth表习惯性动作；
stopdoingsth,停止正在做的事情stoptodosth停下来
做另外一件事；remember,forget,regret的不定时结构指后
于谓语动词的动作，动词的ing形式则先于谓语动词的动作
remembertodo/doing：①Irememberedtoposttheletters.
（指未来/过去未来将要做的动作）②
Irememberedposting/havingpostedtheletters.（我记得做
过这个动作）
tryto（努力）与try-ing（试验）：①Itriednottogothere.
（我设法不去那里）
②Itrieddoingitagain.（我试着又干了一次）；
goontodosth继续做某事（不是同一件事），goondoingsth
继续做某事（同一件事）；