美国文学秋季学期练习题1 有答案
美国文学史及作品选读练习1
I. Match the works with the authors given below. (10%)
a.Michael Wigglesworth
b. .Franklin
c. John Smith
d. William Cullen Bryant
e. James Fennimore Cooper
f. Philip Freneau
g. Washington Irving
1.( ) A Description of New England
2.( ) Rip Van Winkle
3.( ) The Day of Doom
4.( ) Autobiography
5.( ) The Wild Huoney suckle
6.( ) To a Waterfowl
7.( ) The Deerslayer
8 ( ) The Thanatopsis
9.( ) The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
10.( ) The Spy
II. Blank Filling. （20%）
1. The first permanent English settlement in North American was established at________, Virginia.
2. Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety, these were the ________values that dominated much of the
early American writing.
3. The first American Literature was neither American nor really literature It was not American because
it was the work mainly immigrants from __________.
4. __________ was regarded as the “Poet of the American Revolution.”
5. In American Literature, the eighteenth century was an Age of ________ and Revolution.
6. Annabel Lee ,a poem from_____________ ,mourns the death of a beautiful girl .
7. The first important American novelist is ____________.
8. _________was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation after the
Revolutionary War.
9. The central figure in the Leatherstocking T ales is __________, who goes by the various names of
Leatherstocking, Deerslayer, Pathinder and Hawkeye.
10. Thanatopsis is Bryant?s best –known poem. The title of the poem means________.
III.Multiple Choice （30%）
1. The establisher of Jamestown was the famous explorer and colonist_________.
A. John Winthrop
B. John Smith
C. William Bradford
D. John Goodwin
2. The Puritan dominating values were:
A. hard work
B. thrift
C. piety
D. sobriety
3. Which writer is not a poet?
A. Michael Wigglesworth
B. Anne Bradstreet
C. Edward Taylor
D. Thomas Hooker
4.Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known as the “____________” who appeared in America.
A. Ninth Muse
B. Tenth Muse
C. Best Muse
D. First Muse
5. The ship “________”carried about one hundred Pilgrims and took 66 days to beat its way across the Atlantic. In December of 1620, it put the Pilgrims ashore at Plymouth, Massachusetts.
A. Sunflower
B. Armada
C. Mayflower
D. Pequod
6._______________ another important colonial poet, achieved wide popularity among his contemporaries with his gloomy entitled “ The Day of Doom”.
A. Edward Taylor
B. Michael Wigglesworth
C. Anne Bradstreet
D. Cotton Mather
7.Franklin was the epitome of the ________.
A.American Enlightenment
B. Sugar Act
C. Chartist movement
D. Romanticist
8.The following proverbs
------ There are no gains without pains.
------ One today is worth two tomorrows.
come from_________.
A. Autobiography B Poor Richard?s Almanack C The Sketch Book D A Description of New England
9. Much of the beauty of the poem__________ lies in the sounds of the words and the effect created through changes in rhythm.
A. To a Waterfowl
B. Thanatopsis C The Wild Honey suckle D.The Indian Burying Ground
10. _______usually start with standard characters----- the lazy husbands or the termagant wife.
A. Washington Irving
B. James Fennimore Cooper
C. William Cullen Bryant D Philip Freaneau
11.Which poem is not written by Freneau?
A .the British Prison Ship B. The Wild Honey Suckle
C. The Indian Burying Ground
D. The Day of Doom
12. _____is the author of the work ?The Legend of Sleepy Hollow?.
A. Washington Irving
B. James Joyce
C. Walt Whitman
D. William Butler Yeats
13. Which of the following statement is not true about Washington Irving?
A. Washington Irving is regarded as Father of the American short stories.
B. Irving?s relationship with the Old World in terms of his literary imagination
can hardly be ignored considering his success both abroad and at home.
C. Irving?s taste was essentially progressive or radical.
D. Washington Irving has always been regarded as a writer who "perfected the
best classic style that American literature ever produced."
14. In the early nineteenth century, American moral values were essentially Puritan. Nothing has left a deeper imprint on the character of the people as a whole than did __________.
A. Puritanism
B. Romanticism C Rationalism D. Sentimentalism
15.Poe?s first collection of short stories is __________.
A. Tales of a Traveller
B. Leatherstoking Tales
C. Canterbury Tales
D. Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque
IV. Decide Whether the Statements Are True or False.(10%)
1.American literature is the oldest of all national literature.
2. The colonies that became the first United States were for the most part English.
3.In 1620 a number of Puritans came to settle in Massachusetts .
4.The seventeenth century American poets adapted the style of established European poets to the subject matter confronted in a strangely –new environment.
5.In Franklin?s Poor Richard?s Almanack, he talked first of all about how he studied language..
6. Philip was the first American Lyric poet of distinction , he could make his poems sing melodies that might be stately.
7.The Wild Honey Suckle was suggested by the fact that some Indian tribes buried their dead in a sitting. .
8. The Last of The Mohicans were the best work by Adgar Allan Poe.
9.Freneau wrote impassioned verse in support of the American Revolution.
10.In the poem Israfel , Poe expresses a keen awareness of the loveliness and transience of nature. V. Explain the following literature terms.(10%)
Puritanism
VI .Identification of Fragments. ( 4%)
1. I had begun in 1733 to study languages; I soon made my self so much a master of the French as to be able to read the books with ease. I then undertook the Italian. An acquaintance, who was also learning it, used often to tempt me to play chess with him. Finding this took up too much of the time I had to spare for study, I at length refused to play any more…
author:________________ work:_________________
2.If nothing once, you nothing lose,
For when you die you are the same
The space between , is but an hour,
The frail duration of a flower.
Author:_______________ work: ________________
VII. Read the quoted part and answer the questions: (16%)
. "Time grew worse and worse with Rip Van Winkle as years of matrimony rolled on: a tart temper mellows with age, and a sharp tongue is the only edge tool that grows keener by constant use. For a long while he used to perpetual club of the sages, philosophers, and other idle personages of the village.
Questions:
1) Please identify the author and the title of the work. (2%)
2）Please give a summary of the story. 8%
3) Give a brief analysis of the symbolic meaning of this work. (6%)
参考答案
1) This is an excerpt from "Rip Van Winkle" by Washington Irving. (2%)
2) (a) Rip Van Winkle was the hero in Irving?s works. 1? He was a good-natured man, a henpecked husband. 1? (b) Because his wife?s shrewish (泼妇一样的) treatment, Rip had to escape from his home to the little inn in the village. 1 … When it failed to give him some restful air, he had to go hunting in the high mountain, 1? where Rip met a stranger, and the man asked Rip to carry keg for him. Then Rip reached the place in the valley, where many strangers were playing nine-pins. 1? Later Rip got drunk after drinking the liquor, which made him sleep for 20 years. 1? (c) Rip woke up as an old man, entering the village learned that his wife had died, he got the freedom of his own, 1? an d the American had been dependent from the control of Britain, he had changed from a subject of the King (George III) into a citizen of the independent new U.S. 1? ( 8%)
3).Rip Van Winkle has been seen as a symbol of several aspects of America. 1? Rip, like America, is immature, self-centered, careless, anti-intellectual, imaginative, and jolly as the overgrown child. 1? The Dame is another symbol –of puritanical discipline and the work ethic of Franklin. 1? The town itself is emproblematic of America-forever and rapidly changing. 1? Washington Irving has Rip sleep through his own country?s history, and return to the “busy, bustling, disputatious” self-consciously adult United States of America. His conflicts and dreams are those of the nation-the conflict of innocence and experience, work and leisure, the old and the new, the head and the heart. 2
参考答案：
I(10%): 1.-5 C. G A .B F 6-10 D E D G E
II. (20%)
1. Jamestown
2. Puritan
3. England
4. Philip Freneau
5. reason
6. Adgar Allan Poe
7.James Fenimore Cooper 8. Washington Irving 9. Natty Bumppo 10. view of death
III. (30%)1-5 B A D B C 6-10 B A B C A 11-15 D A C A D
IV.(10%) F T T T F F F F T F
V. (10%)
1. Puritanism is the practices and beliefs of the Puritans. The Puritans were originally members of a
division of he Protestant Church. The first settlers who became the founding fathers of the American nation were quite a few of them Puritans. They came to America out of various reasons, but it should be remembered that they were a group of serious, religious people, advocating highly religious and moral principles .Puritans wanted to purify their religious beliefs and practices. They were idealists, believing that the church should be restored to complete “purity”. They accept ed the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God. Puritans? lives were extremely disciplined and hard, but in the grim struggle for survival that followed after their arrival in America, they became more and more practical. As a culture heritage, Puritanism did have a profound influence on the early American mind. American Puritanism also had a enduring influence on American literature
VI. (4%) 1.Franklin Autobiography 2. Freneau The Wild Honey suckle
VII. (16%)
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仅作参考，最主要还是要自己消化，整理 Chapter 1 Colonial Period 1. Puritanism: American puritans accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God. 2. Influence (1) A group of good qualities – hard work, thrift, piety, sobriety (serious and thoughtful) influenced American literature. (2) It led to the everlasting myth. All literature is based on a myth – garden of Eden. (3) Symbolism: the American puritan’s metaphorical mode of perception was chi efly instrumental in calling into being a literary symbolism which is distinctly American. (4) With regard to their writing, the style is fresh, simple and direct; the rhetoric is plain and honest, not without a touch of nobility often traceable to the direct influence of the Bible. II. Overview of the literature 1. types of writing diaries, histories, journals, letters, travel books, autobiographies/biographies, sermons 2. writers of colonial period (1) Anne Bradstreet (2) Edward Taylor III. Benjamin Franklin 1. life 2. works (1) Poor Richard’s Almanac (2) Autobiography 3. contribution (1) He helped found the Pennsylvania Hospital and the American Philosophical Society. (2) He was called “the new Prometheus who had stolen fire (electricity in this case) from heaven”. (3) Everything seems to meet in this one man –“Jack of all trades”. Herman Melville thus described him “master of each and mastered by none”. Chapter 2 American Romanticism Section 1 Early Romantic Period I. American Romanticism 1. Background (1) Political background and economic development (2) Romantic movement in European countries Derivative – foreign influence 2. features (1) American romanticism was in essence the expression of “a real new experience and contained “an alien quality” for the simple reason that “the spirit of the place” was radically new and alien. (2) There is American Puritanism as a cultural heritage to consider. American romantic authors tended more to moralize. Many American romantic writings intended to edify more than they entertained. (3) The “newness” of Americans as a nation is in connection with Am erican Romanticism. (4) As a logical result of the foreign and native factors at work, American romanticism was both imitative and independent. II. Washington Irving: Father of American Literature 1. several names attached to Irving (1) first American writer (2) the messenger sent from the new world to the old world (3) father of American literature 2. life 3. works (1) A History of New York from the Beginning of the World to the End of the Dutch Dynasty (2) The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. (He won a measure of international recognition with the publication of this.) (3) The History of the Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus (4) A Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada (5) The Alhambra 4. Literary career: two parts (1) 1809~1832
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美国文学练习题答案10
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1.Captain John Smith became the first American writer. 2.The puritans looked upon themselves as a chosen people. is an annual collection of proverbs written by Benjamin Franklin. 4.Thomas Paine’s famous pamphlet Common Sense boldly advocated a “Declaration for Independence”. 5.Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence with John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston.
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美国文学练习题
5. Hawthorne’s unique gift was for the creation of ________ which touch the deepest roots of man’s moral nature. A. romantic stories B. symbolic stories C. gothic stories D. humorous stories 7. Romanticism appeared as a literary trend against _____. A. rationality B. imagination C. intuition D. individualism 12. _____ held a “black”vision of life and human beings. A. Ralph Waldo Emerson B. Nathaniel Hawthorne C. Edgar Allan Poe D. James Fenimore Cooper 16. Born of one common cultural heritage, the American Romanticists shared some common features..._______, with the English Romanticists. A. an increasing emphasis on the free expression of emotions B. an increasing attention to the psychic states of their characters C. an increasing emphasis on the desire to return to nature D. both A and B 17. _______ was the first great American writer to earn international fame. A. Irving B. Cooper C. Emerson D. Whitman 21. Pearl is the heroine in Hawthorne’s novel _________ . A. Moses from an Old Manse B. Twice-Told Tales C. The Scarlet Letter D. The Blithedale Romance 7. Hester Prynne, Dimmesdale, Chillingworth, ang Pearl are most likely the names of the characters in __________. A.The Scarlet Letter B. The House of the Seven Gables C. The Portrait of a Lady D. The Pioneers 24. Being a period of the flowering of American literature, the Romantic period is also called “_____”. A. the American Renaissance B. the English Renaissance C. the Harlem Renaissance D. the Second Renaissance 5. According to Hawthorne, the scarlet letter “A”which originally stood for “_______” f inally obtained the meaning of “able”or “angel”through Hester’s efforts. A. adultery B. arrogance C. accomplishment D. agony 13. F. Scott Fitzgerald is often acclaimed literary spokesman of the ____________.
美国文学史复习资料
美国文学史复习（colonialism) 第一部分殖民主义时期的文学 一、时期综述 1、清教徒采用的文学体裁：a、narratives 日记b、journals 游记 2、清教徒在美国的写作内容： 1）their voyage to the new land 2) Adapting themselves to unfamiliar climates and crops 3) About dealing with Indians 4) Guide to the new land, endless bounty, invitation to bold spirit 3、清教徒的思想： 1）puritan want to make up pure their religious beliefs and practices 净化信仰和行为方式 2) Wish to restore simplicity to church and the authority of the Bible to the theology. 重建教堂，提供简单服务，建立神圣地位 3）look upon themselves as chosen people, and it follow logically that anyone who challenged their way of life is opposing God's will and is not to be accepted. 认为自己是上帝选民，对他们的生活有异议就是反对上帝 4）puritan opposition to pleasure and the arts sometimes has been exaggerated. 反对对快乐和艺术的追求到了十分荒唐的地步5）religious teaching tended to emphasize the image of a wrathful God.强调上帝严厉的一面，忽视上帝仁慈的一面。 4、典型的清教徒：John Cotton & Roger William 他们的不同：John Cotton was much more concerned with authority than with democracy; William begins the history of religious toleration in America. 5、William的宗教观点：Toleration did not stem from a lack of religious convictions. Instead, it sprang from the idea that simply to be virtuous in conduct and devout in belief did not give anyone the right to force belief on others. He also felt that no political order or church system could identify itself directly with God. 行为上的德，信仰上的诚，并没有给任何人强迫别人该如何行事的权利。没有任何政治秩序和教会体制能够直接体现神本身的意旨。 6、英国最早移民到美国的诗人：Anne Bradstreet 7、在殖民时期最好的清教徒诗人：the best of Puritan poets is Edward Tayor. 学习指南： 1、Could you give a description of American Puritans? 关于美国清教徒的描绘 Like their brothers back in England, were idealists, believing that the church should be restored to the "purity" of the first-century church as established by Jesus Christ himself. To them religion was a matter of primary importance. They made it their chief business to see that man lived and thought and acted in a way which tended to the glory of God. They accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God, all that John Calvin, the great French theologian who lived in Geneva had preached. It was this kind of religious belief that they brought with them into the wildness. There they meaant to prove that were God's chosen people enjoying his blessings on this earth as in Heaven. 2、Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety were the Puritan values that dominated much of the earliest American writing. 3、The work of two writers, Anne Bradstreet & Edward Taylor, rose to the level of real poetry.