最新名词性从句引导词表格

一、名词性从句的引导词：

（一）常见的酸和碱

1、酸的通性

（1）酸溶液能跟酸碱指示剂起反应。紫色石蕊试液遇酸变红，无色酚酞试液遇酸不变色。注意显色的物质是指示剂。

（2）酸能跟多种活泼金属起反应，通常生成盐和氢气。只有位于金属活动性顺序表中氢前面的金属才能与稀酸（HCl、H2SO4）反应，产生氢气。位于氢后的金属不能与稀酸（HCl、H2SO4）反应，但能与浓硫酸和浓硝酸反应。

例如：①Cu＋2H2SO4（浓） CuSO4＋SO2↑＋2H2O

②3Cu＋8HNO3（稀）＝3Cu（NO3）2＋2NO↑＋4H2O

可见，金属和浓硫酸、硝酸反应都没有氢气产生，这就是实验室不能用浓硫酸和硝酸与锌反应制氢气的原因。

（3）酸能跟碱性氧化物反应生成盐和水：H2SO4 + CaO == CaSO4 + H2O

（4）酸能跟某些盐反应生成新酸和新盐：H2SO4 + BaCl2 === BaSO4↓+ 2HCl

（5）酸跟碱起中和反应生成盐和水：H2SO4＋Ba(OH)2 === BaSO4↓（白色沉淀）＋2H2O

常见的酸有盐酸、硫酸和硝酸，它们虽然具有上述五点通性（因为电离出的阳离子都是H＋）。但又各具不同的物理化学性质。

①盐酸是氯化氢的水溶液，是一种混合物。纯净的盐酸是无色的液体，有刺激性气味。工业品浓盐酸因含有杂质（Fe3＋）带有黄色。浓盐酸具有挥发性，打开浓盐酸的瓶盖在瓶口立即产生白色酸雾。这是因为从浓盐酸中挥发出来的氯化氢气体跟空气中水蒸汽接触，形成盐酸小液滴分散在空气中形成酸雾。

②硫酸是一种含氧酸，对应的酸酐是SO3（SO3+H2O==H2SO4）。纯净的硫酸是没有颜色、粘稠、油状的液体，不易挥发。常用的浓硫酸中的H2SO4的质量分数为98%，密度为1.84克／厘米3。稀

H2SO4具有酸的通性。浓硫酸除去具有酸的通性外，还具有三大特性：

a、吸水性：浓H2SO4吸收水形成水合硫酸分子（H2SO4?nH2O），并放出大量热，所以浓硫酸通常用作干燥剂。

b、脱水剂：浓硫酸可将有机化合物中的氢原子和氧原子按水分子的构成（H：O＝2：1）夺取而使有机物脱水碳化。纸、木柴、衣服等遇浓硫酸变黑，这就是因为浓硫酸的脱水性使其碳化的缘故。

C、强氧化性：在浓硫酸溶液中大量存在的是H2SO4分子而不是H＋，H2SO4分子具强氧化性。浓硫酸可使金属活动性顺序表氢后面的一些金属溶解，可将C、S等非金属单质氧化，而浓硫酸本身还原成SO2。但是，冷的浓硫酸不能与较活泼的金属Fe和Al反应。原因是浓硫酸可以使Fe和Al的表面形成一层致密的氧化物薄膜，阻止了里面的金属与浓硫酸继续反应，这种现象在化学上叫钝化。

三大类从句的引导词

引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等定义:如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句. 第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语（1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised me. （2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.（3）Who will be our monitor has't been decided yet. （4） Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.（5）What caused the accident remains unknown. （6）Whatever you did is right. （7）Whose watch was lost is unknown. （8）What we need is time. （9）What we need are good doctors. 小结: （1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等

（2)连词位于句首不能省略（3)主语从句大多数情况下视为单三,但也有例外,如例9 第二部分：为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末（1）It is certain that he will win the match. （2）It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. （3）It is very likely that they will hold a meeting. （4）It is strange that he should do that. （5）It is important that we all should attend the meeting.（6）It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas. （7）It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our vacation. （8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident. （9）It is said that he has gone to Taiwan.(=He is said to have gone to Taiwan)

where引导的定语从句修饰抽象名词

where引导的定语从句修饰抽象名词。一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point You reach a point where medicine can’t help. 你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。 The crisis has reached a point where the receiver will have to be called in. 危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。 We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。注：有时point也可以是具体的地点： Let the point where AB cuts CD be called E. 设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。 The accident happened at the point where the A15 joins the M1. 事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case There are cases where the word “mighty” is used as an adverb. 在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。 Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing. 那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。 If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it. 你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job. 这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job

(完整word版)同位语从句属于名词性从句

同位语从句属于名词性从句，大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容，在逻辑上表现为同位关系。例如： They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.他们很熟悉这一观点，所有的物质都是由原子构成的。 1、从先行词来看同位语从句与名词之间在逻辑上是"主语＋be＋表语"的关系。该名词是需要做特殊说明的抽象名词。例如： They were delighted at the news that their team had won.当听到他们的球队赢了的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 2、从引导词来看引导词that在同位语从句中是连词，只起连接作用，无具体词义，that不可省略；that在定语从句中是关系代词，它在从句中充当一定成分---主语或宾语，有具体词意，作宾语时还可以省略。试比较： The factory(that)we visited yesterday is a chemical one.我们昨天参观的那家工厂是化工厂。(that在从句中作宾语，所以此句是宾语从句) The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.他将要去上海的消息是真的。(that只起连接从句的作用，所以此句是同谓语从句) 同位语从句讲解及练习一、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用t hat, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, an swer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whol e school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。

定语从句引导词的用法

定语从句引导词的用法 that 和Which 都可以指物，其用法区别：相同点(Similarities) 1.这两个关系代词引导定语从句时，都可以指物； 2.在定语从句中都可作主语或宾语； 3.作宾语，并且前面无介词时都可省略。 The train that/which has just left is for Shanghai．刚开的那列火车是去上海的。(作主语) The book (that/which) you gave me is wonderful. 你以前给我的那本书好极了。(作宾语,可省略) 不同点(Difference) 1.以下情况常用that。（1）当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时（all, something, anything, nothing, everything, none, any, some, few, little, much, many等）。 Is there anything that I can do for you有什么要我做的事吗 He answered few questions that the teacher asked．他几乎没有回答老师的那些问题。（2）当先行词被every, no, the only, the very, the right, the last, just修饰时。T hat‘s the only thing that we can do now. 目前我们只能这样了。 Those are the very words that he said. 那就是他的原话。（3）当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 This is the most int eresting book that I’ve had. 这是我拥有的最有趣的书。 The first thing that should be done is to get some food．该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。（4）当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时。 They were talking about the persons and things that they saw in the factory．（5）当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。 China is not the country that it was．中国已经不是过去的中国了。（6）当在以which开头的疑问句中时。 Which is the car that was made in Beijing 哪辆是在北京制造的车 2.以下情况常用which。

(完整word版)时间状语从句地引导词

时间状语从句的引导词 when, before, after, as, while, till/until, since，whenever 时间状语从句的用法时间状语从句的引导词所表示的意思不尽相同，要注意把握不同的时间状语从句的引导词所表示的不同时间关系，以及它在具体句子中对应的对应时态、语态等问题。 1. when、as、while引导的时间状语从句分析： (1) when引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”，when既可以指时间段也可指时间点，从句中既可用短暂性动词又可用延续性动词，且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。注意体会如下例句： I’ll call you when I get there. 我一到那里就给你打电话。 When the wind blows, all the doors rattle. 只要风一吹，这门就吱嘎作响。

When I came home my wife was cooking dinner. 我回家时，妻子在做晚饭。如果when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同，而从句的谓语又是be动词时，那么从句中的主语和be 可以省略;当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时，往往还可以用“when+分词”的形式替代该状语从句。例如： When (you are) in trouble, ask her for help. 当你遭遇麻烦的时候去向她求助。 When I came into the room (=When coming into the room), I found him lying there asleep. 当我进入房间的时候，我发现他躺在那儿睡着了。 (2) while引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”，它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续地进行，用于这一用法时while引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，或者主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中，主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词，例如 Study while you study; play while you play.

where引导定语从句的用法

Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点 1、We will discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the language preperly、A、which B、as C、why D、where 2、He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation ___he is likely to lose the control over his car、 A、which B、as C、why D、where 两道题都选where ,但就是case, situation都不就是地点,如何理解？在“先行词不就是表示地点的名词”的前提下,如何判断就是否使用关系副词where来引导定语从句的问题就是一个高频考点。就就是说,关系副词where 所指代的先行词不只就是表示地点的名词。

用Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点按照通常的理解,当where 引导定语从句时,它的先行词就就是表示地点的名词,但事实并不就是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下,where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。请瞧以下几个例句: Other research, where siblings have been asked to say who their mother and father favor, suggests that mothers do tend to show a preference for their first-born son, but fathers often show great affection for their youngest daughters、 1、Remember that the best relationship is one where your love for each other is greater than your need for each other、请记住,最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的爱超过彼此间的需要。

关于同位语从句的教学

关于同位语从句的教学同位语从句是名词性从句中的一种，在教学的时候，如果我们仅仅按照教材中所提供的内容或者简单地举几个例子的话，我们发现能够完全掌握同位语从句的同学很少。但是，如果我们对教学中和考试中出现的同位语从句进行归纳和总结，形成要点，分清层次，然后由浅入深地进行讲解，同学们就很容易掌握了。要点一：明确什么是同位语从句和同位语。在复合句中名词性成分之后与该名词性成分并列，补充说明该名词性成分的有关情况的名词性从句，被称为同位语从句。同位语从句所修饰的名词即为同位语。用作同位语的词多为抽象名词，如：idea，chance，possibility，answer，reply，Hews，word(消息)，belief,message，suggestion，hope，doubt，problem，question,order，report，thought，wish，remark，information，truth等。同位语从句与所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，是对同位语的进一步解释和说明。例如：There is much chance that Bill will recover from his injury intime forthe race．该句中chance之后的从句为同位语从句，它是对chance的内容作具体的解释说明，而chance则为同位语。

要点二：掌握同位语从句中从句的引导词。同位语从句一般用连词that，whether，连接副词how，when，where等来引导(正which不能引导同位语从句)。如：The possi-bility that the majority of the labor force will work at home isoften discussed．该句中同位语为possibility，其后的同位语从句由that引导。但是，使用同位语从句的时候，遇到以下情况时要注意其引导词的区别：第一种情况：当同位语从句所表达的内容肯定或意义完整时，用引导词that引导，that不充当任何成分且不可以省略。如：Nobody believed his reason for being absentfrom the class that he had to meet his uncle at the airport．该句中同位语为reason，class后的从句为同位语从句，该从句所表达的是reason的全部内容且意义完整故用that引导。第二种情况：当同位语从句所表达的意思不确定时，即含有“是否”的意思时用引导词whether，不能用if。如：Ihave n0 idea whether our team will win the game tomorrow．该句中同位语从句所表达的意义不确定，应加“是否”的含义才能表达idea的全部内容。第三种情况：如果同位语从句意义不完整，需要增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义时，应用when．where，how等疑问词引导同位语从句。如：Do youhave

宾语从句的引导词

宾语从句的引导词一、宾语从句：置于动词、介词等词性后面，在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。宾语从句过”三关“：时态，语序，连词。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序, 谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句，有些形容词(afraid, sure, glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。二、宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词：who, whose, what ,which 副词：when ,where, how, why 等。 (-)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略) 可跟that从句做宾语的动词有： say, think, in sist, wish, hope, dema nd, imagi ne, won der, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explai n, order, comma nd, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer; request, require, propose, declare, report 等。彳列句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. (注意事项:当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。) 例句：I don' t think it is right for him to treat you like that? 在以下情况中that不能省略 1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you. 2、当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that-般不可省。仮!1 句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap?

表格语从句引导词

表格语从句引导词集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]

表语从句连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough 连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what 连接副词：when/where/why/how/because 1)that在从句中仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在句中不做任何成分，不能省略。 2)whether在表语从句中表是否但不充当句子的成分。if不能引导表语从句.如: 1.Whatthedoctorreallydoubtsis whethe rmymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon. 2.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing. 3)What在表语从句中充当主语宾语表语，表示什么，什么样子，…的人或事. 1.Thequestionis whatcausedtheaccident. 2.Thatmountainisnolonger whatitusedtobe. 3.Whathetoldyouwas what hadbeendiscussedatthemeeting. 4)who在表语从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，表示谁。. 1.Theproblemiswhocoulddothework 2.Mytroubleiswho(whom)Icanturnto. 5)which在引导表语从句时,常充当定语，表语表示哪一个，哪一些。如：Ireadaboutitinsomebookoranother,butwhatIdon’tknowis which(book)itis. 6)由asif,asthough引导表语从句，表示好像。句子中的系动词常用 be,look,appear,seem,sound等。 1.Itlooksasifitwasdoingtorain. 2.Theyoungmanwithlonghairlooksasifhewereagirl. 7)当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用that来引导,而不能由because引导；because引导表语从句时只能用于It/That/Thisis/wasbecause…句型中. 1.ThereasonwhyIwaslatewasthatImissedthetrain. 2.Iwaslate.It/That/ThiswasbecauseImissedthetrain. 注意：当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备，但是还是要表示疑问含义，可以判断句子中缺少状语，常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导，有why,when,where,how等 Thisishowhedidit. Thatiswhythebrotherswantedtomakeabet. That’swhywe’vegivenyoutheletter. 表语从句引导词注意事项 1.that引导表语从句时不能省. 2.if不能引导表语从句. 3.除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。 4.除that,whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分

非限制性定语从句的引导词

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