阅读理解·五选五-中考英语复习
第28讲_阅读理解·五选五
知识图谱
-五选五寻找顺序词注意上下文中的相关联的词注意连词时态归位代词指代第28讲_阅读理解·五选五
错题回顾
五选五
知识精讲
五选五为阅读还原试题，根据文章结构、内容，从所给的5个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通畅、前后连贯。做这类题要求考生首先在理解全文的基础上，能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序，把握段落与段落之前、句子与句子之间的行文关系和逻辑关系。其次，找出突破口，先还原位置较明显的句子，然后把其余的句子逐一归回原文，对于模棱两可的句子，可试着归回原文，反复诵读上下文，判断其位置是否恰当。最后，将所有的句子都还原到原文后，再通读全文，检查文章是否通顺，逻辑是否合理。
一、考查阅读推理能力和基础知识
考查1：阅读理解及推理能力
可以快速浏览一遍文章，但不必精读，千万要注意选项的中心词和第一个词、填充处前后句子的大概意思和句子的第一个及最后一个词。这是考查学生较高的阅读能力。要关注上下文中表示承接、转折、并列等的逻辑词，以此推断所需内容，比如转折代表要寻找反义词，原因要寻找合理的解释等，这是对学生逻辑推理能力的考查。
考查2：基础知识（语法、词汇）
要认真阅读每个填充处前后段或句子，但不必阅读其他段落，要注意代词的线索功能，比如空格后有it或this，那个空格处一定有一个单数物体或事件。所以这也是对学生基础知识的一个考查。
二、答题技巧
1.把握文章整体，了解文章大意；
2.分析选项，瞻前顾后；
3.根据空格位置，判断选项特征；
4.重读还原后的原文，验证答案与原文是否连贯。
三点剖析
一、考点：
五选五是中考阅读理解其中的一种题型。它是根据文章内容，从短文后五个选项中选出五个最佳选项填入空白处。该题型考查学生在句子及段落理解的基础上，推理不完整内容的能力。总体难度：较简单。分值比重：在中考试题中，该题型占阅读理解考题比例为15%左右。
二、补充点
在阅读还原题给出的选项中我们可以发现一些特点：该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。另外多于的干扰项也可以通过这三个特点来排除，例如，在干扰项中，主旨概括句要么过于宽泛，要么以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。根据这些，我们总结一些做题方法供大家参考。
题模精讲
题模一寻找顺序词
例1.1、
First, look for color. …
_________. Some minerals shine brightly. Others may look smooth. Still others may have a shining luster, like the inside of some seashells.
Third, look for how the mineral breaks apart….
题模二注意上下文中的相关联的词
例2.1、
_________ and if the teacher uses it carefully, the children can understand it.
题模三注意连词
例3.1、
Dr. Jack Todd is very interested in clean water, _________, so it’s natural that he is the developer of a mall and affordable system (系统) to clean wastewater…
题模四时态归位
例4.1、
_________. But this story keeps coming back to me….
题模五代词指代
例5.1、
In Japan, people don’t usually wear their outdoor shoes in the house or in school, and a lot of buildings have places of shoes. So her school has a special place for shoes. _________...
随堂练习
随练1.1、
五选五
Kevin Pearce, snowboard athlete (运动员), has come a long way since his accident on December 31, 2009. 56 ,when he fell and hurt his head. Luckily, he was wearing a helmet (头
盔). 57 . He stayed in hospital for four months. He still can’t remember several weeks of his life after the accident.
Today, Pearce is still working hard to get his health back to 100%. 58 . A year ago, he couldn’t walk strai ght. Now, he can not only walk, but he can also drive again.
Pearce says he must thank his fans, his friends and especially his family. His parents and elder brothers have been by his side since the accident. 59 . He said he couldn’t have got well so quickly without them.
These days, Pearce is back on the snowboarding circuit (巡回比赛). 60 . He is on the road again and it is a new beginning for him.
随练1.2、
五选五
Doctors in Germany have warned people that head banging could be bad for your health.
56 . Dancers shake their heads from back to front, and from side to side, very quickly.
Doctors say this could injure（伤害）the brain. 57 . The man had no history of head injuries but had been head banging for many
years. He began to have bad headaches after going to a heavy metal concert. 58 . They gave him a brain scan（扫描）and found bleeding in his brain. He needed an operation to repair it. Doctors made a hole in his brain to take out some blood.
59 .
Doctors say the risk of injury to the brain from head banging is low and heavy metal fans do not need to stop doing the dance completely. The head doctor Ariyan Pirayesh said: “We are not
against head banging. Rock ‘n’ roll will never die.60 . We just think if our patient had gone to a classical（古典的）concert, this would not have happened.”
随练1.3、
The Same But Different
Maggie and Sarah are twin sisters. They were born just a few minutes apart, and they look exactly alike. They both have blonde hair and green eyes. ____1____. Sometimes other students at school have a hard time telling them apart.
Maggie and Sarah like going to the same school. This is because they are not just twin sisters, but best friends too. They have a lot in common. ____2____. Both girls spend a lot of time together with their family, and they both like to play with their dog, Callie.
____3____. Maggie likes to play sports. She is on a soccer team and a basketball team. Sarah doesn’t really like sports. She likes to dance.
There are other differences between them too. ____4____. Maggie likes to read mystery books, but Sarah likes to read books about animals. Maggie gets better grades in reading and Spanish, but Sarah gets
better grades in math and science.
Everyone is different in her or his own way. Maggie and Sarah like being different from each other as much as they like being similar.
____5____.
随练1.4、
五选五
High school life can be terrible if you get it all wrong. Find
out how to survive high school with a few easy tips.
◆56. ________.
High school is a fun time to make new friends and meet new people. Make friends with all kinds of people and not just a group which you are comfortable with. Socialize, but by judging who you can connect to. You will find friends, but stay away from the ones who don’t
want to be your friends.
◆Be yourself.
Do your own things, and don’t just follow others. 57. ________. Just be yourself and create a strong self-image.
◆Be positive (积极的).
There is nothing better than having a smile on your face whenever you can. 58. ________. Just be brave enough to meet new people or do something you’ve never tried. Meanwhile, respect your teachers and classmates and try to be helpful if you want the same in return.
◆Be confident.
When you believe in yourself, others will believe in you. 59.
________. And peo ple respect you for that. Make sure you won’t
easily get influenced by others.
◆Love high school.
60. ________. Make the most out of it, and you will never get
those moments back. Come up with funny ideas, top your class, make
the best friends, drink, go to parties, but just make as many memories as you can!
自我总结
课后作业
作业1、
My mother is a diligent and kind woman. She is very busy from morning till night. As a teacher, she works hard. ____1____. Both my brother and I love her dearly as she loves us.
My mother has been teaching math at a middle school in my hometown. She goes to work early in the morning and does not return home until late in the afternoon. ____2____. She treats them with patience and teaches them well. For her excellent quality and very good teaching results, she has been elected as a model teacher several times.
____3____. Every day, when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in good
order. ____4____. As she has been very busy working every day, she looks older than her age. But she looks as cheerful and happy as ever. Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself, but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us. She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals. She just eats a plain meal outside when she is too busy to cook herself. She lives a busy yet simple life, without any complaints.
Often she says to us, “Work while you work, and play whi le you play. That is the way to be happy and gay. If you do not work, you will become lazy and be of no use to society”. What a piece of good
advice this is! ____5____.This advice of hers will always serve as a guide to my behavior. My mother is great indeed, and I always feel proud of her.
作业2、
五选五
Mike and John are good friends. Both of them like traveling very much.
One day, when they were traveling through a desert, they quarreled (吵架) with each other. Mike was very angry and hit John in the face. John was hurt, 56 , he wrote in the sand, “Today my best friend hit me in the face.”
Then they went on walking and found an oasis (绿洲). It was very hot, 57 . John was not good at swimming and he started drowning (溺水) after a few minutes. 58 . When John got up, he wrote on a stone, “Today my best friend saved my life.”
Mike felt a little surprised and asked, “Why, after I hurt you, you wrote some words in the sand, and now you wrote on a stone?” John smiled and said, “When a friend hurts us, we should write it down in the sand. 59 . However, when something great happens, we should write it in the stone of our memory and remember
it forever.” 60 . He learned what true friendship was. Let’s learn to write in the sand and on the stone.
作业3、
五选五
Great white sharks have become well known in a bad way, for being scary. ______ (56). However, you are more likely to be hit by lightning than attacked by a great white shark.
One reason why people don’t like great white sh arks is that they are huge. They grow to be nearly 21 feet long and can weigh up to 5,000 pounds. That is about two cars long! But the size is not typical. Most great whites are smaller, about 10 to 15 feet long.
______ (57).
Great whites are called apex predators (捕食者) because they are at the top of the food chain. They have no predators and aren’t that picky about what they eat. Great whites are known to eat fish, squid, other sharks, otters, turtles, dolphins, whales, seals, and sea lions. ______ (58). Great whites also eat carrion, which is the remains of dead animals floating (漂浮) in the water.
______ (59). They have 3,000 teeth, and each is up to 3 inches long! Their very sharp teeth are shaped like triangles and have rough edges that tea r into things. Great whites don’t even chew their food. They just swallow it down. ______ (60).
But, like other sharks, great whites don’t
intentionally (主动地) eat or attack humans. So swim without fear.
作业4、
Just in time!
“Come on, Sasha,” my father shouted. “Put the book down and get your clarinet (竖笛).We have to leave now if you don’t want to miss class.”
Clarinet class? I thought to myself. ____1____. Yes, I would like to miss class.
“Coming!”____2____. I got out of the bed and picked up my clarinet and rushed to the car.
My dad started the engine and we drove off. “Hope you have a wonderful class,” Dad said. “In my dreams,” I spoke very quietly. “Not again.” Dad said angrily.
I looked out of the window.____3____“Car traffic,” I said under my breath with a big smile. This is my lucky day because I am going to miss class.
While we were waiting for the cars to start driving again. I was sitting in my car seat, singing a song. ____4____.What’s important is that I was going to miss class. Great!
“ten minutes passed,” I said excitedly. My dad looked at me angrily. The car started to move.
“Finally,” my dad took a deep breath. We got there and I had only missed a few minutes of class. ____5____.
“Just in time, Sasha. I was thinking you mi ght be getting worried that you were going to miss class,” my teacher made a joke on me—knowing well that I hated Clarinet class!
作业5、
五选五
When it comes to the benefit of volunteering, a lot of people think it’s all about the warm feeling after helping s omeone.
56._________. As is known, charity (慈善) work needs lots of people to do different kinds of work. It means that there are many
surprising benefits for volunteers.
◆Teach you new skills.
From helping making websites to teaching foreigners your native language, or to making plans for charity, volunteering can really be almost anything. It means that when you get involved in charity work, a lot of time you will face challenges. 57._________.
◆Teach you what truly matters.
It’s a great way to find new pe rspectives (角度) on life. When you’ve been at it for a while, you just might view yourself in a different way. 58._________. One of my friends once wanted to be a doctor, but later he found his interest was in teaching.
◆59._________.
Maybe it’s not so surp rising, but what might surprise you is how true these friends are. Some of my long-term friends are people I’ve met through volunteering. I’m not the kind of guy that makes friends just for connections, but sometimes it’s very convenient to have a wide network.
60._________. Not only as a person, but it helps you develop your skill set as well. So if you’ve ever considered volunteering, what are you waiting for?
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