最新初三英语中考总复习---现在完成时
初三总复习：现在完成时专项练习
一、基本结构：
助动词have/has+动词的过去分词
二、用法1：
表示：过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。标志词：
already,yet,just,ever,never,before
I have lost my English book.
She has never seen such an interesting movie before.
用法一
1.我已经看过这部电影。
I already the film.
2.你已经浇过花了吗？
you the flowers yet?
3.他刚刚完成了家庭作业。
He just his homework.
4.我们曾经去过五仙山。
We ever to the Wuxian Hills.
5.李雷从不抽烟。
Lilei never
用法2：
表示：过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
标志词：
for,since,since…ago
she has lived here since 1996.
She has learned English since three years ago.
用法二
1.我学习英语达到3年了。
I English for 3 years.
I English for 3 years.
2.自从9点钟以来，我们就在这儿等他。
We for him since 9:00.
We for him since 9:00.
3.自从两周前以来，他就在练习打篮球。
He basketball since 2 weeks ago.
4.自从Lucy来中国以来，她就结交了许多朋友。
She many friends since Lucy came to China. 动词转换
结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是可以转换成相应的延续性动词或短语。如：
buy-have , borrow-keep , leave-be away, come- be in, begin-be on , die-be dead, join-be a member of .
1.他来中国半年了。
2.李雷买这本字典3天了。
3.他的爷爷去世3年了。
但应注意，短暂性动词的否定式表示一个状态，它可以和表一段的时间状语连用。如：
I haven’t seen you for 2 y ears.
.三、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
1.现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，而一般过去时不强调过去的动作与现在的关系。如：
I have lost my pen.(强调我现在没有笔)
I lost my pen.(过去笔掉了，没说明现在是否有笔)
2.现在完成时不可和表过去的时间状语连用(before,just等除外)，但一般过去时可和表过去的时间状语，如yesterday,last week,three days ago,just now等连用。如：
A：Hello,Kate!Have you had supper?
B：Yes,I have.
A：When did you have it?
在此例中，应注意When是一个不确定的过去时间。
四、for和since的运用
for表“经历(一段时间)”，而since表“自从……以来”。常见结构：for＋一段时间；since＋一段时间＋ago;since＋一个时间点；since＋从句。如：
1.He has stayed here for 3 hours.
2.He has stayed here since 3 hours ago.
3.He has stayed here since 3 o’clock.
4.He has taught English since he came here
注意:for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间，对它们提问都用短语：How long如
I have studied English for 3 years.(对划线部分提问)
How long have you studied English?
五、have(has)been 与have(has)gone的区别
1.来过，去过，到过某地，（人已经回来了）
显著标志：ener ,never ,twice ,three times ,before.
2.去或到某地了（人还没有回来）
显著标志：类似以下的句子时，要用have gone to
He will come back next week
He isn’t here/there/at home
注意一般用have gone to 的大都是第三人称
3.注意遇到四个地点副词要去掉to 这四个地点副词是
here ,there , home ,abroad
用have been to----have gone to填空
1) Where’s Jim?---- he has _____to Guiling.
2) She has_____ to the park, she will be back in two hours.
3) I have _____to the West lake, Look, I have taken many photos on it .
4) Tom has_____ to Jim’s home, but he hasn’t come back.
5) They have_____ to the forest alone and returned safely.
6) The Whites have_____ to the U.S.A,They won’t come back.
7) We have____ to the bookshop and bought many books.
8) She has _____to her homeland; she is coming to my home next week.
9) I have______ to Hong Kong twice.
10) We have_____to the Mount Tai, we all enjoyed ourselves.
11) I have never ______to the beach in Sonya.
12) He missed his mother very much, so he has already_____to his home.
13) They have_____ to Hangzhou, they found it very interesting.
14) Tom has______to the W.C, so I have to wait for him..
15) How many times have you_____ to Shanghai.
16) He has ever _____here with his wife.
17) I like the Mount Red Park , so I have_____there many times this week.
18) May I speak to Lily?-----Sorry,she has_______to Xi’an
19) He has never ______to Hangzhou,but he has________to Wuhan once.
20) I haven’t seen him recently,-----Oh,he has_______to Fujian.
21) Sally isn’t at home ,she has ______to Japan
22) Where’s Lucy?-----She has______to a restaurant for lunch.
23) Have you_______to this park before.
24) I have______there only once this year.
25) She has _____to the shop to buy a notebook.
26) You’re late ,Lao W ang has_______to Guangzhou.
27) Hi,I’m looking for you everywhere.---Oh,Ihave ___to the library.
28) My aunt has never_____to Russia,so she doesn’t know where Russia is.
29) The Blacks aren’t in Beijing, they have_____to Shenzhen together.
30) He doesn’t w ant to see you, so he has _____to another city.
31) Oh,you are here,they are looking for you ,where have you______?
32) Where have you_____these days?--I have ___to Chifeng to visit a friend
33) He has just____to Chongqing, I’m afraid you can’t see him.
34) He has_____to many cities in China ,but he has never _______abroad.
35) My father has never ____to the park with me before
36) Daming and Linda have _______to the garden,I want to go ,too.
37) I have ever ______to Qingdao,I went there last year.
( )1. Jim _________the Great Wall once．
A. has been to
B. has gone to
( )2.---Where is Han Mei now?
--- She ________ Shanghai. She will be back soon.
A. has been to
B. has gone to
( )3. ---Where have you _________ these days?
--- I have __________ Ningbo with my friends.
A. been, been to
B. gone, gone to
( )4. --- My mother ___________ to Beijing , she is not at home.
A. has been
B. has gone
( )5. ---How many times _______ you ________to Beijing?
--- Twice.
A. have ; been
B. have; gone .
六、当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时:
yesterday(昨天), just now(刚才)，an hour ago（一个小时前）, last year(去年); etc. 如：
1.我们上周完成了我们的工作。
We finished our work last week .
2.飞机十分钟前起飞了。
The plane took off ten minutes ago .
3.昨天，她们去游泳了。
They went swimming yesterday .
七、过去完成时态，如：
1.当我赶到车站时，公共汽车已经开走了。