English Culture 2
大学跨文化英语综合教程2u2作文
大学跨文化英语综合教程2u2作文Cross-Cultural English Integrated Course 2u2 EssayThe field of cross-cultural communication has become increasingly important in today's globalized world. As individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds interact more frequently in academic, professional, and social settings, the ability to effectively navigate these intercultural exchanges is crucial. This essay will explore the key aspects of cross-cultural communication and the benefits of incorporating a cross-cultural approach into English language education.One of the fundamental aspects of cross-cultural communication is the recognition and understanding of cultural differences. Every culture has its own set of values, beliefs, and norms that shape the way individuals perceive and interact with the world around them. These cultural differences can manifest in various ways, such as communication styles, nonverbal behaviors, and approaches to problem-solving. Effective cross-cultural communication requires the ability to identify and appreciate these differences, rather thanmaking assumptions or judgments based on one's own cultural lens.In the context of English language education, a cross-cultural approach can provide students with the necessary skills and knowledge to navigate diverse linguistic and cultural environments. By exposing students to a range of cultural perspectives and communication styles, they can develop a more nuanced understanding of the English language and its use in various contexts. This not only enhances their linguistic competence but also fosters intercultural competence, enabling them to communicate effectively with individuals from different cultural backgrounds.Moreover, a cross-cultural approach to English language education can have significant benefits for students' personal and professional development. In today's interconnected world, the ability to communicate effectively across cultures is highly valued in a wide range of fields, from business and international relations to academia and the arts. By incorporating cross-cultural communication into the curriculum, students can gain a competitive edge in the job market and be better prepared to succeed in their future endeavors.One key aspect of a cross-cultural English language curriculum is the inclusion of authentic materials and resources that reflect diverse cultural perspectives. This can include literature, films, news articles, and other media that showcase the richness and complexity ofdifferent cultural traditions and communication styles. By engaging with these materials, students can develop a deeper understanding of the cultural context in which the English language is used, and learn to navigate the nuances of cross-cultural communication.Additionally, a cross-cultural approach to English language education should emphasize the development of intercultural competence. This involves the ability to recognize and respect cultural differences, to communicate effectively with individuals from diverse backgrounds, and to adapt one's communication style and behavior to suit the cultural context. By focusing on these skills, students can become more adept at navigating the challenges and opportunities presented by cross-cultural interactions.Another important aspect of a cross-cultural English language curriculum is the incorporation of collaborative learning and group activities. By working in diverse teams, students can learn to navigate the complexities of cross-cultural communication, develop empathy and understanding for different perspectives, and practice the skills necessary for effective collaboration in a globalized world.Furthermore, a cross-cultural approach to English language education should also address the role of language in the construction and expression of cultural identity. As students explore the relationship between language and culture, they can gain adeeper appreciation for the ways in which language shapes and is shaped by cultural norms and values. This understanding can not only enhance their linguistic skills but also foster a greater respect for cultural diversity and a commitment to intercultural understanding.In conclusion, the incorporation of a cross-cultural approach into English language education is crucial in today's globalized world. By exposing students to diverse cultural perspectives, developing their intercultural competence, and emphasizing the relationship between language and culture, educators can equip students with the skills and knowledge necessary to navigate the complexities of cross-cultural communication. This, in turn, can lead to greater personal and professional success, as well as a more just and equitable global society.。
英语文化节英语作文
英语文化节英语作文The English Culture Festival is a vibrant celebration of all things British. From traditional tea parties to Shakespearean plays, this festival offers a taste of the rich cultural heritage of England.One of the highlights of the festival is the afternoon tea ceremony, where visitors can indulge in scones, clotted cream, and a variety of teas. The English take their tea very seriously, and this ceremony is a chance to experience the elegance and charm of this beloved tradition.Another popular event at the festival is the Morris dancing performance. Dancers decked out in colorful costumes and bells on their ankles perform intricate routines to lively folk music. It's a joyous spectacle that never fails to entertain the crowds.For literature enthusiasts, there are readings of classic English literature, from Jane Austen to CharlesDickens. Visitors can immerse themselves in the timeless stories and characters that have captured the hearts of readers for centuries.Music lovers will appreciate the live performances of English bands and musicians. From rock and pop to classical and folk, there's something for everyone to enjoy. The festival is a showcase of the diverse and dynamic music scene in England.Overall, the English Culture Festival is a celebration of the rich history, traditions, and creativity of England. It's a chance for visitors to experience the best ofBritish culture in a lively and engaging atmosphere. So come join us and immerse yourself in all things English!。
英美文化与国家概况课后答案
英美文化与国家概况课后答案英语国家概况（1）（2）问题库答案1. "British history has been a history of invasion". Please illustrate this point with the examples from the text. How did each of the invasions influence English culture ?1. British history has been a history of invasions. Before the first century AD Britain was made up of many tribal kingdoms of Celtic people: a powerful culture originating in central Europe. Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman empire, and England and Wales (though not Scotland or Ireland) became a part of the Roman empire for nearly 400 years.Two more groups of invaders were to come after the English: from the late 8th century on, raiders from Scandinavia, the ferocious Vikings, threatened Britain's shores….2. What are some general characteristics of Scotland ?2. Scotland is the second largest of the four nations, both in population and in geographical area. It is also the most confident of its own identity because alone amongst the non-English components of the UK it has previously spent a substantial period of history as a unified state independent of the UK. Thus it is not a big leap for the Scottish to imagine themselves independent again. Physically, Scotland is the most rugged part of the UK, with areas of sparsely populated mountains and lakes in the north (The Highlands), and in the south (The Southern Uplands). Three-quarters of the population lives in the lowland zone which spans the country between these two highland areas. The largest city is Glasgow, in the west of this zone. Scotland's capital city is Edinburgh, on the east coast forty miles away from Glasgow. It is renowned for its beauty, and dominated by its great castle on a high rock in the centre of the city. Both cities have ancient and internationally respected universities dating from the 15th century.3. Describe Wales' unification with Great Britain.3. Wales was always under pressure from its English neighbours, particularly after the Norman conquest, when Norman barons set up castles and estates in Wales under the authority of the English Crown. Some brief campaigns are the only times in history when Wales has existed as a unified independent nation.4. Are there any differences between England and Wales in terms of cultural tradition ?4.Yes, there are. The close long-standing relationship means that modern Wales lacks some of the outward signs of difference which Scotland possesses—its legal system and its education system are exactly the same as in England. Often official statistics are given for "England and Wales". However, Wales is different, and one of the key markers of that difference is the Welsh language—the old British Celtic tongue which is still in daily use.5. Why is Northern Ireland, according to the author, so significant in the United Kingdom? What is the political problem there?5. Until 1921 the full name of the UK was "The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", not only "Northern Ireland", because the whole island of Ireland was politically integrated with Great Britain, and had been since 1801, while Britain's domination of the Irish dated back centuries even before that date. But Irish desires for an independent Irish state were never lost, and one of the key issues in late nineteenth century British politics was a campaign in parliament for what was called "home-rule"—Irish political control of Irish affairs. The Home Rule Bill was finally passed in 1914, but the process was overtaken by the First World War and was suspendedfor the duration of the war.6. What are some of the factors in Irish and English history that affect the situation in Northern Ireland today?6. Along with the political campaign for home-rule there were groups who followed a more direct method of pursuing Irish independence, engaging in guerilla or terrorist activities against British institutions and the British military forces. During the First World War and immediately after, this activity increased, sometimes brutally suppressed by British forces.7. Different parties and groups in the United Kingdom have different solutions to the political problem in Northern Ireland. Please sum up their different attitudes.7. Margaret Thatcher's government did not give in to this demand for political status and 11 prisoners starved to death. This event revitalised the political campaign of Sinn Fein, the legal political party which supports the IRA's right to fight. Its leaders spoke of a twin campaign for union with Ireland, both political and military, which they called the policy of "The Bullet and the Ballot Box".8. Has the author offered a solution to the political problem in Northern Ireland?8. The problem lay in the "commitment to peaceful methods" aspect of the possible talks. Province-wide elections are planned under a complex formula to ensure a wide range of representation on the body which will carry out these talks, in an attempt to give them legitimacy. Without the participation of Sinn Fein and the IRA it is hard to see them succeeding. Northern Ireland is poised on the brink—a new peaceful future, or a return to the violence that has claimed 3150 lives so far.9. What is the oldest institution of government?9. The oldest institution of government is the Monarchy (rule by the king).10. What is the name of the charter of liberty and political rights granted by King John in 1215?10. It was a gang of feudal barons and the Church which opposed some of King John's (1199—1216) policies. This opposition was so powerful that the king finally granted them a charter of liberty and political rights, still known by its medieval Latin name of Magna Carta. Magna Carta placed some limits on the king's ability to abuse his royal power. This is still regarded as Britain's key expression of the rights of citizens against the Crown.11. Do you think Elizabethan Drama occupies a significant position in British literature? Who is the most important figure in Elizabethan Drama? What are some of his major works?11. Shakespeare is the most important figure at that time. He excels in each kind. The tragedies include Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth. Among the comedies are The Taming of the Shrew, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Twelfth Night, and The Tempest. His history plays, based on English history, include Richard III, Richard II, Henry IV, and Henry V. Julius Caesar and Antony and Cleopatra are tragedies on classical themes.12. What do we call the group of important Parliamentarians?12. The House of Commons.13. Which party forms the government and who becomes Prime Minister?13. The party that wins most votes in general election and the leader of this winning party would become Prime Minister.16. Who can stand for election as an MP?16. Anyone who is eligible vote to can stand as an MP. It is necessary only to make a deposit of 500 pounds (a quite easily obtainable amount in the UK) which is lost if the candidate does not receive at least 5% of the vote.17. What are the three major parties? Which party is the party that spent most time in power?17. There are three major national parties: The Conservative party and the Labour party are the two biggest, and any general election is really about which of those two is going to govern. But there is a third important party, the Liberal Democrats, who usually receive up to about 20% of the votes: not enough to form a government, but enough to have a big impact on which of the other two parties does so. The Conservative Party spent most time in power19. When was the British economy dominant in the world?19. By the 1880s the British economy was dominant in the world, producing one third of the world's manufactured goods, half its coal and iron, half its cotton.20. By what time was the UK overtaken by other countries, such as the US and Germany? 20. But even by 1900 this was no longer the case, the UK having been overtaken by both the United States and Germany; and certainly from 1945 until the present, the story of the UK economy is usually thought of as one of decline.21. Which country does it refer to as "the Jewel in the Crown"? When did it gain its independence?21. India, popularly known as "The Jewel in the Crown" of the British Empire, gained its independence in 1947.22. What are some of the positive and negative effects of non-white immigrants on British society according to the author?22. This has a number of consequences for British society, mainly positive, though with some indirect negative effects. On the positive side such immigrant groups bring their culture with them, which increases the variety and interest within British culture: for example, the UK, which used to have a bad reputation for food, now has a cuisine as varied as any, with Indian and Chinese restaurants in every community, as well as many other varieties in bigger cities. This variety in restaurant food has resulted in more experimentation at home, so that shops now carry a much wider variety of goods to supply the demand, and there are many TV programmes and books devoted to all kinds of different cooking. The negative side of things lies largely in the attitude of some of their white neighbours.23. What is the general situation of racial relations in the UK?23. While there is a growing ethnic minority middle-class, and many individual success stories, by most measures the immigrant population is worse-off economically speaking than the white population as a whole. Individuals from ethnic minorities are more likely to be unemployed; and they are under-represented in politics too, though there are now a number of black and Asian MPs. But there are also a number of small political parties in the UK with overtly racist policies.24. Why is Geoffrey Chaucer, who wrote in Middle English, still read and studied today? 24. With the Norman Conquest in 1066 Britain entered the Middle Ages (1066—1485), and the language of the royal court became French. So literature of that period was written in French or Latin. But one work from these times often studied today by middle school and college students is The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer (1343—1400). He was the first court poet to write inEnglish.25. When was the term "parliament" first used officially?25. The word "parliament" comes from the verb "to parley", that is, to discuss or talk. The term was first used officially in 1236 to describe the gathering of feudal barons and representatives from counties and towns which the king occasionally summoned if he wanted to raise money. 26. The author says that "the media are central to British leisure culture", why does the author say so?26. On an average day, 90 per cent of Britons over the age of 15 read a national or local paper. And in the evening, most Britons settle down to watch some television: 96 percent of the population watch TV at least once a week, making it Britain's most popular leisure activity. The third most popular pastime, after watching telly and reading newspapers, is listening to the radio, an activity in which 73 per cent of the population engages in on a weekly basis. It is obvious, then, that the media are central to British leisure culture.27. What are some of the characteristics of British newspaper culture? In what way is it different from the United States?27. British newspaper culture is unusual in the extent to which class and educational differences are reflected in the newspapers people read. In other developed countries like Japan and the United States, newspaper reading is a mainly middle-class habit, but in Britain the "lower classes" are also regular readers.28. Is the British press free from the government control and censorship? What is the relationship between the British press and politics or business?28. While officially speaking the British press is "free" from government control and censorship and can print what it likes, there are limits to what will appear in the daily paper.29. How does the BBC operate? How is it different from American broadcasting systems? 29. The British Broadcasting Corporation - more familiarly known as the BBC or even "the Beeb" - is Britain's main public service broadcaster The BBC is funded by licence fees and viewers must buy a license each year for their TV set.31. What is Modernism? Can you illustrate your points with specific books as examples? 31. Modernism in literature can be seen as a reaction against the nineteenth century forms discussed above, which can be thought of as assuming understanding between writer and reader, resulting in the simple communication of an agreed version of the "world". This approach to writing is known as "Realism." Instead, Modernist writers express the difficulty they see in understanding and communicating how the world works. Often, therefore, Modernist writing seems disorganized, hard to understand. It often portrays the action from the viewpoint of a single confused individual, rather than from the viewpoint of an all-knowing impersonal narrator outside the action….32. What is Postmodernism? Can you illustrate your points with specific books as examples?32. Postmodernists can be thought of as abandoning that search. Meaning does not exist outside of the human head, likewise it does not exist inside a book, waiting to be discovered, instead it is made in the process of reading a book, or of making sense of the world….33. How has the Christian church influenced British sports? Please pick up some examples from the text.33. Tennis was invented in Britain and it owes its origins, literally, to the Church. Church recordsindicate that by the mid-fifteenth century, people were making a game of bouncing a ball off the side of their local churches or cathedrals, first using the hand, and later a racquet. This was called "tenys". Such antics sometimes offended the clergy who complained that the dignity and tranquility of the church was shattered by such games, but they also illustrate how central the church was to community life.34. What is the origin of football?34. There are legends that suggest that games like football and rugby actually derived from the "sport" of ancient warriors celebrating victory by kicking around the decapitated head of an enemy. There is a similar grisly tale told about origins of bowling: it is said that in ancient times, Scottish warriors rolled the skulls of their enemies along the grass for sport.35. How is the violence of "football hooligans" related to the British history of football?35. Today, violence is still associated with football. "Football hooligans", supporters of rival teams, sometimes clash before, during and after matches and occasionally run riot through the town, breaking windows and beating each other up. Some football fans paint their faces and sing or chant football songs and it is not too difficult to imagine their warrior-ancestors.36. Why is cricket very English? Why does the author believe that cricket was associated with a set of English moral values?36. As generations of public school boys grew up to become the civil servants and rulers of the UK and its colonies, cricket became associated with a set of moral values, in particular the idea of "fair play" which characterised British government. Sir Ian Bancroft, a high level civil servant in the 1980s, remembered that when he began his career in Whitehall, one day his government minister was so angry that he threw the telephone at him. Sir Ian said he knew exactly how to respond: "having played cricket I was able to catch it and hand it back to him politely."37. Christmas is the biggest and best-loved British holiday? How do the British celebrate this holiday?37. Yes. Nowadays, Christmas is celebrated by most Britons by exchanging gifts and Christmas cards, preparing holiday foods, and decorating homes and workplaces with coloured lights, Christmas trees and ornaments.38. How do the British celebrate the Queen's Birthday? What is the origin of this holiday? 38. One of Britain's most impressive and colourful festivals happens on the second Saturday in June when the Queen's Birthday is officially celebrated by "trooping the colour" around Buckingham Palace in London.39. Bonfire Night is one truly English holiday. How and why do the English celebrate this holiday?39. The English do not celebrate their famous writers or battles or patron saints, although they have all these things. However, one truly English holiday is Bonfire Night—sometimes called Guy Fawkes Night—celebrated in the early autumn.40. How do the Protestants and Catholics celebrate their own holidays in Northern Ireland? What traditions are behind their celebrations?40. Another festival which comes from the 17th century battles between Catholics and Protestants is the Protestant celebration of their victory at the Battle of the Boyne (12 July) in 1690. Northern Irish Catholics celebrate the birthday of the patron saint of Ireland, St Patrick, on March 17 each year.41. How is Hogmanay celebrated in Scotland? What other festivals are celebrated inScotland?41. While most British people welcome the coming of the New Year with parties, in Scotland, New Year's Eve called Hogmanay (31 December)—is the major winter celebration, and overshadows Christmas (called Yule in Scotland) which is a very quiet affair. How Hogmanay is celebrated varies throughout Scotland, but one widely practised custom is "first footing". There is a superstitious belief that the first person to cross the threshold of a household in the New Year can bring luck and prosperity: the appearance of a young, preferably dark haired and handsome man, is considered particularly lucky. First footers often bring a bottle of spirits, alcohol, a lump of coal or a peat as a gift and are given a "dram of whisky" as their reward.42. Which are the two most important and famous universities in Britain?42. Cambridge University and Oxford University.43. What is the goal of education in the U.K.?43. The goal of British education is to socialize children.44. Is the British education system run by the state or the private sector?44. The British education system run by the state.45. Where do British universities receive their funds besides students tuition?45. In the UK, the amount of funding each university receives is based on its size, the number of students it teaches, and the research it conducts. So far, the UK has only one privately funded university, the University of Buckingham.46. Why does the author say that "the way the living arrangements of a society as a whole are organized tells us something about that society"?46. For individual members of any society the home they live in is of great importance in their lives. The way the living arrangements of a society as a whole are organized tells us something about that society—its standard of living, its social and familial structure, the distribution of wealth in a society—both in terms of geography and social hierarchy—and even something about that society's values and dreams.47. What are the four main types of home in Britain? How do they reflect the cost and status of homes? What are some of the major types of home in China?47. There are, broadly speaking, four main types of home. The first kind are "flats" (or apartments), of varying size, often in modern multi-storey purpose-built buildings, though sometimes made by sub-dividing big old houses. Flats are often publicly owned. The second kind are "terraced" houses: that is, individual two-storey houses built joining on to each other at each side in a terrace or row. The second kind are "terraced" houses: that is, individual two-storey houses built joining on to each other at each side in a terrace or row; the fourth one is “detached.”48. How are people in the UK divided into different classes?48. The British people are divided into classes economically, culturally, educationally and etc.49. Is the class system similar with the United States?49. What is distinctive about the British class-system, and which marks it as different from the American or Chinese social structure, is that it has also retained a hereditary aristocracy.50. What and how did the British empire end? How did the British react to this reality?50. Two world wars had seriously influenced its empire position. The end of the great British empire was surprisingly rapid. In 1946, Jordan, in the Middle East, was granted independence. The following year, India and Pakistan followed suit. In 1948, Burma and Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) were granted independence and left the Commonwealth as well, refusing to recognise the Britishmonarch as the head of their new states. Throughout the next few decades, the process of decolonisation continued as other territories and possessions received their independence or were returned to their rightful rulers.51. What are the foundations of Britain's foreign policy?51. The contemporary foreign policy of the UK is greatly influenced by its imperial history and also by its geopolitical traits. Perhaps the most important single factor which influences British policy-makers is its history.52. How is Britain's foreign policy made? Does the government's foreign policy represent the desires of British citizens?52. The Prime Minister and Cabinet decide on the general direction of Britain's foreign policy. The main government department involved is of course the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO), but many other government ministries also play a part in formulating and executing the government's decisions.53. Why does the author say that the decision to join the EC was and remains controversial in Britain?53. The decision to join the EEC was very controversial; and today, Britain's participation in the European Union, as it is now called, remains controversial. At the centre of the controversy is the fact that it is not clear what the European Union(EU) is and what it will become. The UK has always been very interested in encouraging free trade between countries and is therefore very supportive of the EU as a free trade area.However, the UK has always been less enthusiastic about giving up its national sovereignty (that is, its control over national decision-making) to a European government.54. Why does the author think that Britain has the "special relationship" with the United States? Does this relationship still exist?54. Another major factor which influences British foreign policy is its relationship with the United States. This was quite natural, as the two were closely allied during World War II, and continued to work together closely in the post war years because they shared many of the same worries about the Soviet Union. Even today, in many respects British and American policy-makers agree generally on, for example, how the global economy should be managed, how a warlike state should be dealt with, issues about arms control and so on.55. What are some of the general characteristics of Australia in terms of land, people and culture?55. Australia is the world's smallest continent and largest island, a relatively young nation established in an ancient land. Its development represents a triumph over remoteness and a harsh landscap e…56. Discuss the climate in Australia. What are some of the major differences between Australia and China in terms of the climate?56. Australia is the driest inhabited continent and its rainfall varies extremely geographically and seasonally. Mean annual rainfall is 465mm. Rainfall varies from less than 150mm over the centre of the continent to more than 2m in parts of the tropics and western Tasmania. The average annual surface runoff, about 440km3, represents 12 per cent of total rainfall. Evaporation accounts for most of the rest.57. What are the six states of Australia? What are some of the major similarities or differences in terms of population, early settlement and economy in the six states?57. Australia has six states: New South Wales (NSW), Victoria, Queensland, South Australia (SA), Western Australia (WA) and Tasmania. It also has three internal territories-the Northern Territory (NT), the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and the Jervis Bay Territory-and seven external territories.58. Can you point out some main differences between the Australian government system and the British government system?58. Broadly, the Australian federation has a three-tier system of government: the Australian Parliament (the legislature) and Government, responsible for all matters of national interest; six state governments and their legislatures, complementing the activities of the national government (plus the Australian Capital territory and the Northern Territory, which are similar to the states and largely self-governing); and about 900 local government bodies at the city, town, municipal and shire level.59. Discuss the Australian education system. What are some of the features in the system that are specifically Australian?59. Each state and territory of Australia has its own primary and secondary education system. Standards, however, are high and reasonably uniform. Within each state and territory system there are two main types of school-government and nongovernment schools. In government schools, attended by about two thirds of children, tuition is free. About three-quarters of the non-government schools are Catholic. Most non-government schools charge fees.60. What are some of the distinct features of New Zealand's geography? Find out similarities and differences in terms of geography between New Zealand and Australia.60. Situated in the southwest Pacific Ocean, New Zealand is a large, long group of islands, 1600 kilometres from north to south. There are two main landmasses, the North Island and the South Island, separated by Cook Strait. The third largest island, Stewart Island, is south of the South Island, and there are many smaller islands, including uninhabited isolated islands hundreds of kilometres offshore. Its nearest large neighbour-Australia—is almost 2 000 km away.61. What are some of the similarities between New Zealand and Britain in the government system?61. New Zealand's constitution is made up of parliamentary statutes (laws), judicial rulings (court decisions) and administrative practices. New Zealand has no written constitution. The Constitution Act 1986 defines the relationship between the legislative (Parliament), executive (Government departments and agencies) and judicial (the courts) roles of government.New Zealand is an independent state, governed by a democratically elected parliament. The Head of State is the British monarch Queen Elizabeth II in her capacity as Queen of New Zealand, represented by a Governor-General. The Governor-General's agreement is required for an Act of Parliament to become law.62. How did modern development in Europe influence the settlement of North American colonies?62. With the fast development of commerce and trade, the bourgeoisie became increasingly powerful in politics as well as in economy. They wanted to share power with feudal lords and in some countries such as England they wanted to have more power from the king so that they could have free development. The English Revolution was the result of this growth of capitalism.63. What was the unique American phenomenon ? How did it come into being? Do you think it still exists in today's American society?。
致用英语综合教程综合英语2教案unit
Section One Around the topic Step 1 Topic introduction:Many Chinese students find it very difficult to introduce Chinese culture to foreign friends.The biggest problem is that they don’t know how to express their understanding about Chinese culture or how to explain some typical concepts in Chinese culture. Chinese learners of English as a foreign language should not only study western cultures, but also deepen their understanding of Chinese culture, so that they can introduce it to the outside word.Step 2 Your ideasWork in groups or pairs and discuss the following questions1)Why is spring Festival so important for the Chinese people?2)What do you usually do during the Spring Festival3)Are there any special celebration activities in your hometown during Spring Festival?4)In what ways do you think the Spring Festival has Changed?How much do you know about the Chinese New Year?A.Which day in the 15-day celebration is for the sons-in-laws to pay a visit to theirparents-in-law?The third and fourth days.B. What is the fifth day called?Po Woo.C. How many kinds of traditional New Year food do you know?Dumplings, a whole fish, chicken, New Year cake…D. Do we use knives or scissors on New Year's Day?NO. They may cut off fortune.E. What fruit do we usually use as a decoration during the Spring Festival?Oranges and Tangerines. They are symbols for abundant happiness.Step 3 VocabularyThere are some special things about Spring Festival, which are difficult to translate into English. Here are some English words and expressions related to the Spring Festival. Try to get their meanings.Remind students that names of some typical Chinese things do not have exact equivalents in English. Ask them to guess the meaning of the English words and phrases related to thecan give a brief talk with some of the words in the table above so that they can master a better usage of these words.Step 4 Listening and speakingAsk students to read the questions first. Then play the recording and encourage them to take notes while listening.1.Q: What are they talking about?A: They are talking about the Spring Festival.2.Q: How did Li Ming spend his holiday?A: Li Ming spent his holiday with his family in his hometown.3.Q: What is Susan curious about?A: Susan is curious about how Chinese people celebrating their Spring Festival.4.Q: What make the Spring Festival different from other holidays?A: Giving presents and staying with the family.5.Q: What do Chinese People do on the Eve of the Spring Festival according to the recording?A: In the past, all the members of a family would stay at home making dumplings together.Now many people enjoy watching TV. During the day, children wear their new clothes. The evening is usually spent playing games, talking, eating and drinking.Step 5 A quizDuring the Spring Festival, some things are believed to bring good luck for the new year, while other things might bring bad luck. Read the items in the table below and decide whether they bring good luck or bad luck. When you finish, compare your answers in pairs.This quiz is just for fun. Remind students that we should not be superstitious and the dos and don’ts during the Spring Festival are only parts of our traditions and customs. We should hold a right attitude towards them.Ask students to do the exercise first based on their own understanding and then compare their answers with their partners’. They may discuss them if necessary. When they finish, you may show and explain answers.Section Two ReadingThis section introduces the tradition of the Chinese New Year. By studying it, students will learn more about the legend of Nian and traditional Chinese New Year celebration activities. Most importantly, students will learn how to introduce the Chinese New Year to foreign friends.Step 1 Pre-reading tasksBefore you read, discuss the following questions in groups:1.Do you know why we call the Spring Festival “Nian”?2.Do you know why we Chinese celebrate the New Year at a different time from the Westernworld?Read the instruction as a class. Divide students into groups. Ask them to discuss the questions. Activate their prior knowledge of the Spring Festival and encourage them to share information with others. Pick some volunteers to answer these tow questions as representatives of their group. Step 2 Text illumination1)Ask several students to read the whole text in order to check whether they preview thetext and get a general understanding bout it or not beforehand.2)Ask students to summarize the text3)The teacher can put the comprehension check either before or after illuminating the textaccording to the needs of class and the students’ comprehension ability.4)Illuminate the text, during the process of which the teacher can encourage students tohighlight or underline the important parts when they read the text in detail. Try to explain that it can help students to grasp the important details and review important points Language points:1. legend n.story handed down from the past, especially one that may not be true 传奇，传说e.g. The legend of Robin Hood is well-known.2. mythical adj. existing only in an ancient story, imagined or invented 神话的，虚构的e.g. Qi Lin is a mythical Chinese creature which is similar to a unicorn.myth n. 神话e.g. ancient Greek myths3. terrorise v. to fill or overpower with terror, to terrify 使惊恐不安，恐吓e.g. The local gangs terrorised the neighborhood.4. fierce adj. violent and angry 凶猛的，凶狠的e.g. Swans are always fierce in defense of their young.The leopard looks fierce.5. lunar adj. determined or measured in reference to the moon 根据月亮决定或测定的e.g. The Chinese New Year falls on lunar January, 1st.6. solar adj. determined or measured in reference to the sun 根据太阳决定或测定的e.g. Solar energy is one kind of important energy nowadays.7. insert v. to put or set into, between, or among 插入，嵌入e.g. The editor inserted an advertisement in the newspaper.insert a key into a lock8. symbolic adj. representing a particular idea or quality 象征的，符号的e.g. The cross is symbolic of Christianity9. ward off to keep away (somebody/something that is dangerous or unpleasant) 挡开，避开e.g. He carried a gun to ward off possible attacks.Step 3 Post-reading exercises1.What is the significance of the following things during the Spring Festival?Read the instruction as a class. Divide students into groups of four. Ask them to discuss these questions. Get feedback when they finish. Try to encourage them to express their opinions thoroughly in English.3.V ocabulary and structureThis part is about some vocabulary and structure exercises related to the text. Ask students to finish them independently beforehand. Check their answers in class. Try to encourage them to explain by themselves to check whether they fully understand the exercises or not. The teacher is supposed to give some explanations if necessary.A.Work out the meanings of the underlined words with the help of the context.B.Fill in the blanks with the words below. Change the form where necessary.plete each pair of the sentences with the correct form of the same verb, one as apresent participle (-ing) and the other as a past participle (-ed).4.WritingRead the instruction as a class. Leave the writing task as homework. Check their work next time.Write down your experience about the Spring Festival. The following questions may help you to come up with some ideas.1)How does your family prepare for the Spring Festival?2)What traditional activities does your family do to celebrate the Spring Festival?3)What special activity do you like most when you are celebrating the Spring Festival? Section Three language in use: present participles used as adverbialsStep 1 test your grammarThe aim of this practice is to make students aware of the present participles used as adverbials. Based on their study of the text, they may gain a deeper understanding by doing these exercises. Try to encourage students to explain by themselves through recalling and understanding of this grammatical phenomenon.Step 2 illumination and developmentBriefly explain the grammatical knowledge of participles. Then ask students to finish these exercises. Check their work when they finish.一、现在分词做状语（表原因，时间，条件，让步，行为方式，伴随状况）现在分词与主句的主语一致，且形成主谓关系，就是说现在分词的动作发出者是主句的主语。
(完整版)大学综合英语第二册基础英语2何兆熊课文及译文4cultureencounters
Unit4 TEXT ⅠCultural Encounters Susan Bassnett1. In what language are you usually surfing at Internet websites?2. What fun do you find on Internet?We live in an age of easy access to the rest of the world. 我们生活在一个交流非常便捷的时代Cheap flights mean that millions of people are able to visit places their parents could only dream about, while the Internet enables us to communicate with the remotest places and the traditional postal services are now referred to almost mockingly as "snail mail." 便宜的机票使得我们可以到那些我们的家长只能幻想的地方去，而网络使得我们可以跟最遥远地方的人们进行交流。
在这种情况下，传统邮政现在被称为蜗牛邮件系统。
When students go off back-packing, they can email their parents from Internet cafes in the Himalayas or from a desert oasis. 当学生们在背包远足的时候，他们可以用E-MAIL从喜马拉雅的网吧或者从沙漠里的绿洲给他们的家长发邮件。
And as for mobile phones—the clicking of text messaging at any hour of the day or night has become familiar to us all. 不管是白天还是晚上，我们也能通过手机来发短信。
福师2015年春语言与文化在线作业二答案
福师《语言与文化》在线作业二一、单选题（共 35 道试题，共 70 分。
）V1. A word processor is much better than a typewriter in that it enables you to enter and____your text more easily.A. registerB. editC. proposeD. discharge满分：2 分 B2. Do you think we should accept that offer? -- Yes, we should, for we ___such bad luck up till now, and time __ out.A. have had; is runningB. had; is runningC. have; has been runD. have had; has been run满分：2 分 A3. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A. whereB. whenC. whoD. which满分：2 分 A4. English is a hypotactic language and Chinese is a paratactic language because( ).A. English has more connectives than ChineseB. English people are analytic thinkers and Chinese people are holistic thinkersC. the branching sentence patterns dominates in English and the linear sentence can be observed in most sentences in ChineseD. English relies more heavily on connectives than Chinese does for sentence construction满分：2 分 D5. The word “workaholic” is often used to refer to( ).A. AfricansB. AmericansC. ChineseD. Koreans满分：2 分 B6. I wish you_______me how to swim last year.A. taughtB. have taughtC. were taughtD. had taught满分：2 分 D7. In its narrow sense, culture is( ).A. whatever distinguishes one nation from all the other nationsB. the attributes of manC. life way of a populationD. intellectual or academic development满分：2 分 C8. Some nonverbal messages are consistent with accompanying verbal message, which is the____function of nonverbal message.A. complementingB. contradictingC. regulatingD. accenting满分：2 分 A9. ( )is the communicative value an expression has in addition to the purely conceptual meaning.A. Connotative meaningB. Social meaningC. Reflected meaningD. Collective meaning满分：2 分 A10. I’d like to go to the cinema, but I’m_______to.A. enableB. disableC. unableD. able满分：2 分 C11. Waving good-bye is an example of( ).A. substitutionB. accentingC. regulatingD. complementing满分：2 分 A12. Communication without feedback can be called____.A. unintentional communicationB. unconscious communicationC. one-way communicationD. indirect communication满分：2 分 C13. It is only recently _________astronomers have begun specific research into black holes.A. whenB. so thatC. thatD. which满分：2 分 C14. In English culture, privacy is regarded as part of( ).A. human natureB. human desireC. human rightsD. individualism满分：2 分 C15. The relationship between language and culture is____.A. culture is part of languageB. culture is the carrier and container of cultureC. language and culture are closely relatedD. language and culture are separated满分：2 分 C16. _______leisure was generally considered a waste of time.A. Not until recentlyB. Not recentlyC. Until recentlyD. Recently until满分：2 分 C17. Liquids are like solids______they have a definite volume.A. in thatB. for thatC. with thatD. at that满分：2 分 A18. He made a request _______immediate help.A. atB. forC. onD. by满分：2 分 B19. In western culture,( )is one of the central themes, and emphasizes privacy and the right of individuals rather than that of society.A. capitalismB. individualismC. socialismD. environmentalism满分：2 分 B20. In the sentence “He's merely parroting what many others have said”, the word “parroting” refers to____.A. estimatingB. acknowledgingC. imitatingD. imaging满分：2 分 C21. He helped me and I hope I can do something for him_______.A. in turnB. for returnC. by turnD. in return满分：2 分 D22. When a fire______at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.A. broke offB. broke outC. broke downD. broke up满分：2 分 B23. Then the speaker______the various factors leading to the present economic crisis.A. went afterB. went forC. went intoD. put up with满分：2 分 C24. In English culture, the introduction rule“____” is correct.A. When introducing two males or two females, put the younger person's name firstB. Men don't have to take off their gloves before shaking handsC. When a man and a woman are to shake hands, it is the man who extends his hand firstD. When introductions are made , start with first names, and add some descriptive notes满分：2 分 D25. Sentence“____”is correct.A. He lives in 25 Robertson, Perth, AustraliaB. He lives in Perth, 25 Robertson Road, AustraliaC. He lives in Australia, Perth, 25 Robertson RoadD. He lives in Perth, Australia, 25 Robertson Road满分：2 分 A26. You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from______to suspend your tent.A. thereB. themC. whichD. where满分：2 分 C27. ( )relations at the sentential level refer to construction whose components are linked through the use of conjunctions.A. HypotacticB. ParatacticC. GrammaticalD. Branching满分：2 分 A28. The English equivalent for “贱内” is____.A. my husbandB. my wifeC. my sonD. my daughter满分：2 分 B29. The International Association for Intercultural Communication Studies was founded in the U.S. in____.A. 1996B. 1969C. 1995D. 1959满分：2 分 A30. Waving good-bye is an example of____.A. substitutionB. accentingC. regulatingD. complementing满分：2 分 A31. Man’s greatest energy comes not from his physical strength_______his dreams.A. except fromB. yet fromC. however fromD. but from满分：2 分 D32. American scholars generally trace the origin of intercultural communication to( ).A. cultural anthropologyB. sociolinguisticsC. comparative educationD. philosophy满分：2 分 A33. The study of meaning, usage, and communication of place is( ).A. hapticsB. proxemicsC. chronemicsD. oculesics满分：2 分 B34. “Love store” corresponds to( ).A. 爱情商店B. 色情商店C. 爱心商店D. 友爱商店满分：2 分 B35. Westerners are said to be____in interpersonal behavior.A. directB. indirectC. linearD. spiral满分：2 分 A二、判断题（共 15 道试题，共 30 分。
人教版高中英语必修二《Cultural Heritage》SectionⅠ
[巩固内化] (1)选词填空(preserve/protect) ①He bought a refrigerator online to ___p_r_e_se_r_v_e___ the meat, ___p_ro_t_e_c_ti_n_g__ it from cats. (2)翻译句子 ②油可以保护金属使其免于生锈(rust)。 __O_i_l _c_an__p_r_es_e_r_v_e_m__e_ta_l_f_ro_m___ru_s_t_. ____________________________________________ ③在禁猎区内不许打猎。 __N_o__h_u_n_ti_n_g_i_s_a_l_lo_w__e_d_i_n_t_h_e_p_r_e_se_r_v_e_. ________________________________________
3.Look at the picture on Page 2 and tell your classmates what the students are doing. _T_h_e_y_a_r_e_t_a_lk_i_n_g_a_b_o_u_t_M__o_u_n_t_T_a_i_a_n_d_t_h_e_c_u_l_tu_r_a_l_h_e_r_it_a_g_e_p_r_o_te_c_t_io_n__in__C_h_i_n_a._________
Finish Ex.2 & Ex.3 on Page 2 and Ex.5 on Page 3.
1.Listening—Guess the meaning of new words using context clues. ①She said nothing and mounted her horse again.They rode some miles further.The day was warm, the sun beat down, and she again grew thirsty. Clues：horse, rode Guess：The expression of “mounted her horse” probably means “___c_li_m_b_e_d____ on her horse”. ②There are many differences between Earth and Mars.While the former has an atmosphere and liquid water, the latter does not. Clues：Earth and Mars, the latter does not.
五年级下册英语第二单元文化常识
五年级下册英语第二单元文化常识Culture Knowledge in Unit 2 of Fifth Grade English TextbookIn the second unit of the fifth grade English textbook, students are introduced to various cultural aspects from around the world. It is important for students to understand and appreciate different cultures in order to broaden their horizons and become more tolerant individuals. This unit covers topics such as holidays, traditions, and customs from different countries, providing students with a deeper understanding of the world we live in.One of the cultural aspects covered in this unit is the celebration of Chinese New Year. Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival, is the most important traditional Chinese holiday. It is a time for families to come together, celebrate, and wish each other good luck for the upcoming year. During the Chinese New Year celebrations, people often exchange gifts, wear traditional clothes, and decorate their homes with red lanterns and symbols of good luck. Students learn about the customs and traditions associated with Chinese New Year, such as giving red envelopes containing money as a symbol of good fortune.Another cultural aspect covered in this unit is the celebration of Thanksgiving in the United States. Thanksgiving is a national holiday in the United States, celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November. It is a time for people to give thanks for the blessings in their lives and to spend time with family and friends. Traditional Thanksgiving foods include roast turkey, stuffing, mashed potatoes, and pumpkin pie. Students learn about the history of Thanksgiving, including the story of the first Thanksgiving between the Pilgrims and the Native Americans.In addition to Chinese New Year and Thanksgiving, students also learn about other cultural traditions and customs from around the world. For example, they learn about the Japanese holiday of Hanami, which is the tradition of flower viewing during the cherry blossom season. They also learn about the Mexican holiday of Día de los Muertos, or Day of the Dead, which is a time for families to remember and celebrate their deceased loved ones.By learning about different cultural traditions and customs in this unit, students gain a greater appreciation for the diversity of the world. They learn to respect and value the beliefs and practices of people from different cultures, which helps to promote understanding and harmony in an increasinglyglobalized society. Overall, the cultural knowledge presented in this unit plays an important role in shaping students intowell-rounded and culturally aware individuals.。
新视野英语教程第三版2-UNIT-1-Symbols-of-Culture--课件
Leading in
Plus Activities
Around the Topic Section A
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1 What’s your favorite fast food restaurant?
My favorite is ________.
McDonald’s KFC Pizza Hut
Around the Topic
Section A
Section B
Section C
Text A
Exercises
Text A
Around the Topic
Section A
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Here is a McDonald’s menu in English and Chinese. Did you manage to help Xiaoqi get the right food?
about the past is destroyed at the same time.
Return
Suggested answer: Every nation is blessed with its own unique cultural symbols. The United States of America is no exception. So far as I know, there are some famous symbols of American culture, such as the Statue of Liberty, Uncle Sam, Disneyland, the McDonald’s Restaurant and so on. These symbols reflect American culture.
(完整版)新视野大学英语第三版第二册读写教程2课后答案解析和翻译
Unit 1 Language in missionText A An impressive English lessonEx.1 Understanding the text1、Because he is tired of listening to his father and he is not interested in grammar rules.2、The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture are so marvelous and remarkable that they should be described at least in a brief account; however, what the student could do was only one single utterance :“whoa!” without any any specific comment.3、Because the schools fail to set high standards of language proficiency. They only teach a little grammar and less advanced vocabulary. And the younger teachers themselves have little knowledge of the vital structures of language.4、Because teaching grammar is not an easy job and most of the students will easily get bored if it’s not properly dealt with.5、He familiarized his son with different parts of speech in a sentence and discussed their specific grammatical functions including how to use adverbs to describe verbs.6、Because the son had never heard about the various names and functions of words in an English sentence before.7、The author uses “road map”and “car”to describe grammar and vocabulary. Here,“road map”is considered as grammar and “car”as vocabulary.8、Since the subjunctive mood his son used is a fairly advanced grammar structure, the interjection“whoa!”reflects the tremendous pride the father had toward his son; it also reflects the author’s humor in using the word because it was once used by his student, though in two different situations and with two different feelings.Ex.3 Words in use1.condense2.exceed3.deficit4.exposure5.asset6.adequatepetent8.adjusting9.precisely 10.beneficialEx.4 Word building-al/-ial: managerial/editorial/substance/survival/tradition/margin -cy : consistency/accuracy/efficient -y : recovery/ministry/assemblyEx.5 Word building1.editorial2.recovery3.accuracy4.substance5.managerial6.margin7.assembly8.Ministry9.survival 10.tradition 11.consistency 12.efficientEx.6 Banked cloze1-5: L C J A I 6-10: O N E H FEx.7 Expressions in use1.feel obliged to2.be serious about3.run into4.distinguish between5.thrust upon6.was allergic to7.get lost8.be attracted to9.make sense 10.looked upon asEx.10 C-E TranslationChinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the world. The formation and development of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters. In this long evolutionary process, Chinese characters have not only played an important role in exchanging ideas and transmitting culture but also developed into a unique art form. Calligraphic works well reflect calligraphers’ personal feelings, knowledge, self-cultivation, personality, and so forth, thus there is an expression that “seeing the calligrapher’s handwriting is like seeing the person”. As one of the treasures of Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy shines splendidly in the world’s treasure house of culture and art.Unit 2 College-The ladder to successText A The humanities:Out of date?Reading Comprehension1. because English or history majors are considered less competitive when thejob market is shrinking, and they have to study something that can help them more easily locate their future jobs.2. because as the tuition is climbing higher and higher, many students have run away from studying the humanities and toward “hard” skills that they think will lead to employment.3. since more students are now taking job-oriented courses, libraries, where students of liberal arts used to study, are getting less popular than before; in contrast, labs are getting more eye-catching because students of science and engineering do experiments and research there.4. because this inner drive that can be either constructive or destructive is so mysterious and powerful that it has attracted many people to speculate on it. From ancient times, these men and women developed artistic “languages” in the form of story, music, myth, painting, architecture, sculpture, landscape and traditions, which from the very foundation of civilization.5. Studying the humanities improves your ability to read and write, makes you familiar with the language of emotion and the creative process, and, more importantly, provides you with a wide scope of possibilities that are open to you.6. Because in modern life, an ideal capacity for establishing one’s career is to have both technical knowledge and inner insight, not just one without the other.7. “Well-rounded human beings” are those who have insight and understand the passions, hopes and dreams common to all humanity.8. Since many people who once studied the humanities became famous in their career, the author implies that if students spend more time studying the humanities, they could surely become successful in the future as well. Language focus 31. promotes2. accelerate3. mystery4. insight5. boost6. analysis7. calculate8. barriers9. destruction 10. prospect4Promising Bearing Housing Objective Offend Exclude Excess Execute Intensify Identity51. excess2. bearing3. objective4. intensify5.execute 6. promising 7. exclude 8. identity 9 offend 10. housing6.1-5 CHDJB 6-10 LMGFA71. are liable to2. in favor of3. is boundto 4. speculate about 5. invested…with 6. stand upfor 7. in the form of 8. prepared for 9. in thecompany of 10 in succession10In recent years, with the development of Internet technology, the constructionof digital education resources of our country has made great achievements. Many universities have set up their own digital learning platforms, and digitalteaching is playing an increasingly important role in education. Compared withthe traditional way of teaching, the digital way has a lot of advantages. Onone hand, digital teaching makes global sharing of teaching resources possible;on the other hand, it expands the learner’s study time and space to learn,allowing people to get access to the digital virtual schools through theInternet anytime and anywhere. These advantages make it possible for people toshift from one-time learning to lifelong learning.Unit 3 Discovery of a new life stageText A The humanities:Out of date?Ex.11. Because people in different life stages are confronted with differentproblems and setbacks and each group of people in a particular time period havetheir particular worries and pains.2.The norm refers to the general consensus that as soon as students graduatedfrom college, they would enter adulthood and be able to find an ideal jobleading to their career.3. They are recognized as a new life stage that comes after high school graduation, continues through college and leads to starting a family and havinga career.4. Because nowadays so many young people are following this new lifestyle thatit has become a trend. As long as the economic situation continues its longslide, this new stage is unavoidable.5. Unlike their parents, a large number of young people are now delayingmarriage, child bearing, and even employment during their odyssey years.6. They often resent the pressure they’re feeling and keep a distance fromtheir parents or even run away from home. Many also resort to computer games,iPods, iPhones, or iPads.7. Their parents feel more anxious and upset seeing their children’s odysseyyears continue to stretch without a clear direction.8. The author thinks as people are getting to know the odyssey years better,both parents and their children can tackle this phase better. For parents, theycan understand their children more; for children, they can explore and discoverthemselves with a positive attitude.Ex.31. peculiar2. radical3. phase4. sensible5.predict 6. labeled 7. resent 8. witnessed 9.equivalent 10. parallelsEx.4-ic Chaotic dramatic academy -ion Depression detection erosion Classification confusecooperate dictate -ist Rightist journal Ex.51. journal2. chaotic3. cooperate4. erosion5. dramatic6. confuse7. academy8. rightists9. depression 10. dictate 11. detection 12. classificationEx. 6K E A C L I G N H OEx.71. saddled with2. back off3. gives way to4. resortedto 5. make allowances for 6. wonder at 7. prior to 8. based upon/onEx. 10Filial piety is the basic code of ethics in the ancient Chinese society. Chinese people consider filial piety as the essence of a person’s integrity, family harmony, and the nation’s well-being. With filial piety being the coreof Confucian ethics, it has been the moral standard for the Chinese society to maintain the family relationship for thousands of years. It’s undoubtedly a traditional Chinese virtue. The culture of filial piety is a complex concept,rich in content and wide in range. It concludes not only cultural ideas but also institutional etiquettes. Generally speaking, it refers to the obligationof children to their parents required by the society, including respect, care, support for the elderly and so forth. Filial piety is fundamental to the ancient “Oriental civilization”.Unit 4 Dance with loveText A College sweetheartsEx. 11. The author uses this sentence to tell her own love story. She didn’t expectthat she would end up marrying Butch. He became her boyfriend just because ofher wish to find a cute boyfriend. She didn’t really want to marry him at the beginning.2. Because when she met up with Butch the first time, he kept staring at herall night long. He flattered her and fell in love with her at first sight. Helooked really wild or maybe even dangerous.3. Because Butch had a “bad boy image” which was very tempting to a lot ofgirls, and his wild, dynamic personality was a little frightening. She didn’tknow whether she could be getting along with him.4. Though she always had an excellent reputation in respect to her schoolwork,she thought that her college life was dull, with no fun. In her opinion,college was supposed to be a time of great learning and also of some fun.5. Because she was becoming more interested in him and she wanted to find outif she was the “right” date in the eyes of Butch, thinking of herself as a traditional girl.6. It means that Butch didn’t want to do anything to change his bad situation.The word fate here refers to the fact that Butch was going to be expelled fromthe university.7. Though Butch was wild and would sometimes display directly his love in frontof her friends, he was always a perfect gentleman at his core. And they had apure and responsible relationship for seven years.8. The author and her husband’s faithful journey of love that started with acausal attraction but bloomed into a mature love proves that romantic love canlast long through the ups and downs in life.Ex. 31. confess2. tempting3. commence4. coordinating5.granted 6. deserved 7. displayed 8. consequently 9. lodged 10. proceedEx. 4-edContented compress complicate -ion Identification justification qualification Illustration exhibit extension Interpretation plantation perceptionEx. 51. qualifications2. perception3. plantations4. compressed5. exhibit6. contented7. interpretation8. complicate9.illustration 10. extension 11. identification 12. justificationEx. 6N B G I H L E M K CEx. 71. on her behalf2. took the liberty of3. immune to4. werefilled with 5. fall in love with 6. Expelled from 7. been pessimisticabout 8. go along withEx. 10July 7th on the Chinese calendar is Chinese Qixi Festival, the most romantic ofall the traditional Chinese holidays. Every year, some big businesses organizevarious activities, and young people send gifts to their lovers. As a result,the Qixi Festival is considered to be Chinese “Valentine’s Day”. The QixiFestival is derived from the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid. The legendholds that on this particular night every year the Weaving Maid in heaven meetswith Cowherd. So, people can see Cowherd and Weaving Maid meeting in the MilkyWay on the night of Qixi. On this night, girls would also beg Weaving Maid forsome wisdom for a happy marriage. But, with the changing of times, theseactivities are diminishing. All that remains is the legend of Cowherd andWeaving Maid, a sign of faithful love, continuously circulated among the folk.Unit5 The money gameText A Spend or save-The student’s dilemmaEx.31. contradict2. paradox3. perspective4. explicit5. suspended6. derive7. defy8. retains9. manipulating 10. tackleEx4-er browse browsermessage messenger consumer consume -ion negotiate negotiation object objection react reaction constitute constitution cultivate cultivation define definition expand expansion concentration concentrate civilization civilizeEx.51. concentrated2. messenger3. civilized4. Constitution5. browser6. objection7. expansion8. consume9. definition 10. cultivation 11. reaction 12. negotiation Ex.61 B 2D 3O 4E 5F 6C 7K 8H 9N 10IEx.71. referred to 2 at odds with 3 put off 4 consulting with 5 do their utmost 6 took stock of 7 on track 8 take inEx.10The Silk Road is a traffic route in the ancient times connecting China and Eurasia. This trade route focuses on the trade of silk, hence the name “the Silk Road”. As an international trade channel and a bridge of cultural exchanges, the Silk Road effectively improved the economic and cultural exchanges and development between the East and the West, exerting a profound impact on the progress of the world civilization. Nowadays, under the new historical circumstances, our country proposes the strategy of “One Belt, One Road”(namely the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road). The strategy of “One Belt, One Road” focuses on cooperation and mutual benefits, emphasizing mutual benefits, win-win, as well as common development of the related countries. Once proposed, the strategy has received positiveresponses from the related countries along the road.Unit6 Less is moreText A Door closer,are you?Reading comprehension Understanding the text11 He was imposing on his troops a necessary sacrifice to achieve victory over their opponents. By doing this, the soldiers would be more determined and concentrated on the battles.2 The purpose for the experiment is to investigate seemingly irrational human behavior when making a decision, such as the tendency for keeping multiple options open.3 The experiment enabled people to see why it's always so hard for them to say "NO" to any opportunities that came to them. In everyday life, people just give excuses to keep options open.4 Students should quickly check all the doors and keep clicking on the one with the highest cash. They should absolutely ignore the vanishing doors.5 Because we can see that the students didn't really focus on ensuring future cash earnings. What they tried to avoid was the immediate pain of watching options close.6 Because in life the doors are closing slowly, not like the ones on the computer in the experiment, people don't really see the opportunities actually vanishing away little by little.7 He suggests that people should prohibit overbooking, reduce options, delegate tasks to others, and even give away ideas to others to pursue.8 People can obtain pleasure and satisfaction by focusing their energy and attention in a more concentrated fashion. They will have more with fewer, carefully chosen options.31 implement2 rival3 motivating4 discarded5 fluctuating6 prejudiced7 restore8 enlightening9 profit 10 investigateWord building 4 Words learned New words formed-ic strategy strategic sympathy sympathetic -ion confirm confirmationlocate location reflect reflection provide provisioninstall installation register registrationquotation quote -ize sympathy sympathize critic criticize industrial industrialize51 sympathize2 confirmation3 strategic 4installation 5 quote 6 sympathetic 7 criticize 8 location 9 reflection 10 industrialize 11 provision 12 registration Banked cloze61 M2 D3 H4 05 F6 L7 I8 C9 J 10 AExpressions in use 7I was attached to 2 be measured in 3 come in handy 4 clinging to 5pay a big price 6 are exhausted from 7 imposed on 8 revolve around10National Happiness Index (NHI) is an index that measures how happy people are.It is also a tool that measures the levels of economic development and people'slivelihood and happiness in a country or region. With the fast growth ofChinese economy, the Chinese government has been paying more and more attentionto people's living quality and the increase of happiness index. The governmentstresses improvement of its people's livelihood, striving to improve theireconomic conditions and meet their growing material and cultural needs.Currently, the Chinese government advocates the unleashing of more reformdividends, with the aim of offering more real benefits to its people. All thesemeasures will combine to effectively increase the NHI of our people.Unit7 Women:Making a differenceTextA Women at rhe management level3.Words in use1. harness2.symbolic3.disposed4.flourishing5.violated6.accommodation7.inferpose9.plausible 10.toleranceWord building 4.-al/-ial fate fatal horizon horizontal mechanic mechanical occasion occasional proportion proportionan logical logic deny denial commercial mommerce -ity relative relativity prior priority continue continuity actual actuality5.1.actuality2.mechanical3.logic4.denial5.Occasional6.fatal7.continuity8.relativity9.priority merce 11.proportional 12.horizon6.1.D2.J3.M4.H5. A6.O7.F8.L9.I 10.C7.es down to2.take exception to3.make concessions to4.burst into5.feel at ease with6.on both counts7.took over8.stemmed from10China is home to silk, thereby having a variety of arts related to silk, one of which is embroidery. Embroidery, with at least two or three thousand years of history, is one of the Chinese traditional folk arts and crafts. Since most embroiderers are women, it's also called "women's needlework". Embroidery has been much-loved by the Chinese people. It can be used to beautify clothing and things. For example, clothes, quilts, pillowcases etc. can be embroidered withbeautiful designs, or a piece of embroidery can be made for a special ornament. There are four most famous types of embroidery in China: Suxiu from Suzhou, Yuexiu from Guangdong, Xiangxiu from Hunan, and Shuxiu from Sichuan, each having its own style and theme. Among the four, Suzhou embroidery has enjoyed the highest reputation.Unit 8 Human rights vs. Animal rightsText A Animals or children?-A scientist’s choice understanding the text:1. He became a children’s doctor because of this love for children and his strong desire to keep them healthy.2. He is thought of having no moral compass: He tortures innocent animals for his career advancement and his experiments having nothing to do with medicine.3. The public barely watches, convinced that the issue has no significance to them, while the senator and politicians continue to give way to the lobbying of animal rights activists4. The author does not really admit their mistake, but the tone is apparently ironic, criticizing that the physicians were too soft to respond to the animal rights activists.5. Life is cruel to both animals and human beings . if the physician don’t create an animal model of the problem, they have to do experiments on human beings, or the medical knowledge will remain static.6. Drugs to cure infection will remain undiscovered, surgical and diagnostic techniques will remain undeveloped, and fundamental biological processes will remain mysteries.7. Because protection from serious sickness and drugs as well as most complex surgical procedures were initially developed in animals instead of human beings8. If the more radical members of this movement are successful in threateningfurther research, their efforts will bring about a tragedy that will cost thelives of many human beings. Language focus word in use3.1. arresting2. omits3. optional4. transplanted5. hence6. twisted7.stung 8. minute 9. imitate 10. evil4. Words learned New words formed-ence interfere interference -er thrill thriller -lyscarcely scarce specially special -ion consume consumption deceive deception invade invasion proceed procession51. interference2. invasion3. Consumption4. procession5. specific6. deception7. scare8. thriller6.1.B2. G3. L4. K5. F6. D7. H8. N9. E 10.I7.1. persisted in2. have relevance to3. becoming aware of4. isolated from5.in the name of 6. make a contribution 7. been occupied with 8. tip the scales10.Since the founding of New China, especially since the economic reform and door-opening to the world, the Chinese government has made considerable efforts ineco-environmental protection and achieved effective progress. The governmenthas taken a series of important measures to protect and improve the ecological environment, such as actively promoting key ecological projects, enhancingecosystem construction and biodiversity conservations, establishing a number ofnature reservation, ecological demonstration zones, scenic spots and forestparks. One of the important goals of building a socialist harmonious society isto strengthen ecological protection and construction and to achieve harmonybetween man and nature. Environmental protection and ecological civilizationconstruction have provided a solid foundation for the sustainable developmentof China’s economy and society.。
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1 Unit 1 Book 3 中国传统节日 中国传统节日以中国的农历为依据。农历年的岁首称为春节，俗称“过年”，有祈年等多种习俗，是中国人民最隆重的传统节日，象征团结兴旺。其他主要的节日有元宵节、清明节、端午节、七夕节、中秋节、重阳节、冬至节、腊八节等等。各个节日都有其来源讲究和风俗习惯。农历节日与农历中的二十四节气不同。农历节日是中华民族凝聚力与生命力的体现。
Traditional Chinese Festivals Traditional Chinese festivals are usually fixed according to the lunar calendar. January 1st on lunar calendar has been designated as the Spring Festival (generally referred to as guonian). There are several customs during the Spring Festival, such as praying for a good harvest, etc. The Spring Festival is the most ceremonious traditional festival in China and symbolizes unity and prosperity. Some other significant Chinese festivals include the Lantern Festival, the Pure Bright Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Double-seventh Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Double-Ninth Festival, the Winter Solstice, and the Eighth Day of the Twelfth Lunar Month, etc. Each festival has its own unique origin and custom. These Chinese festivals that follow the lunar calendar are different from the 24 Solar Terms in the lunar calendar. They embody China’s cohesion and vitality.
Unit 3 Book 3 中国画 中国古代四大艺术“琴棋书画”的“画”特指国画。其绘画形式是毛笔蘸水、墨、颜料作画于绢、帛、宣纸之上，古代称之为水墨丹青。为区别于西方的油画而称之为“中国画”，简称“国画”。其题材有人物、山水、花鸟等。技法可分为工笔和写意。国画的艺术特质在于“笔墨”，强调以形写神，画尽意在。国画在艺术创作上反映了中华民族的审美意识和情趣。
Traditional Chinese Painting The four art forms in ancient China are guqin, chess, penmanship, and painting. And painting particularly refers to traditional Chinese painting. Traditional Chinese painting is done with a brush dipped into black or colored ink and is painted on silk or xuan paper. In ancient China, it was called “ink-painting”. In order to distinguish it from Western oil-paintings, the Chinese people term their works “traditional Chinese painting” (abbreviated to “Chinese painting”). The subject matters of Chinese paintings are typically figures, landscapes, birds and flowers. The drawing skills and techniques employed by the Chinese painters can be divided into two forms：fine brushwork and free-hand brushwork. The artistic characteristics lie in “the writing brush and ink”. Chinese painting emphasizes using the shape to 2
convey the feelings of the painter. Even though a painting is a finished product, it endlessly conveys a meaning. In terms of the artistic creation, traditional Chinese painting is a reflection of the aesthetic consciousness and artistic sentiment of the Chinese people.
Unit 5 Book 3 中国石窟 中国石窟主要反映的是佛教文化艺术。敦煌莫高窟、大同云冈石窟、洛阳龙门石窟、天水麦积山石窟，号称中国四大石窟艺术景观。佛教石窟随山雕凿、彩绘，形象生动自然，将崇高美与世俗情融为一体，把天然造化与人工创造有机结合，是由建筑、绘画、雕塑等组成的博大精深、绚丽夺目的综合艺术殿堂。其艺术成就为世界所瞩目，已成为重要的世界文化遗产。
Chinese Grottoes Chinese grottoes mainly reflect the art of Buddhist culture. In China, there are four major art landscapes of grottoes: the Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang, the Yungang Grottoes at Datong, the Longmen Grottoes at Luoyang, and the Maijishan Grottoes at Tianshui. Carved and painted on mountains, the Buddhist grottoes mingle both sublimity and secular feelings together, presenting us a vivid and natural appearance. They embody the systematic combination of both the exceptional artistry of great nature and the extremely fine craftsmanship of mankind. The Chinese Buddhist grottoes are regarded as a profound and stunning general art gallery, which are composed of architecture, painting, sculptures, etc. The artistic achievements of Chinese grottoes have attracted the attention of the world, and have become important international cultural heritage.
Unit 6 Book3 中国古典文学名著 中国古典文学包括诗歌、散文、小说以及词、赋、曲等多种文体，艺术表现手法丰富各异。而小说中的《三国演义》、《水浒传》、《西游记》、《红楼梦》则被称为中国四大古典文学名著，至今在国内外都有着广泛而深远的影响。研读四大名著能够了解中国传统人文社会、民俗之心理，是汲取古代文明精粹、处事为人策略与智慧的重要途径。
Chinese Classical Literature Chinese classical literature includes poetry, prose, fiction and ci (new lyrics written to pre-existing tunes), fu(“descriptive poems” of prose poetry), qu (a freer form based on the new popular songs and dramatic arias), and many other styles. Its artistic expressions are various in technique. Four classics of Chinese literature are Romance of the Three kingdoms, Water Margin, Journey to the West, and Dream of the Red Mansions, which have