浙江省选考17年10月高考英语专题一高频词汇分类集训与语篇训练话题十四热点话题

话题十四热点话题

1．accident n．事故；偶然的事件，意外

by accident偶然地

2．benefit v．有益于；有助于；受益

n．优势；益处

benefit from/by从……中受益

be of benefit to＝be beneficial to对……有益

for one’s benefit＝for the benefit of sb.为某人的利益3．challenge vt.怀疑；挑战

n．挑战；难题；质疑

a challenge to对……的挑战

challenge sb.to (do) sth.向某人挑战(做)……

4．compete v．竞争；比赛

compete in...参加……的比赛

compete with/against与……竞争

compete for...为……角逐

5．contribute v．捐献；是……的原因之一；贡献；投稿contribute to有助于；导致；捐献

make a contribution/contributions to对……做出贡献；捐款6．fortune n．财富；运气

make a fortune发财；致富

be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth.在……方面运气好7．general adj.普通的；大众的；总的；大体的

in general＝generally speaking总的来说；一般说来8．mercy n．仁慈；怜悯；宽恕

show mercy to sb./have mercy on sb.怜悯某人

at the mercy of...任由……摆布；受……控制

It’s a mercy that...……真是万幸。

9．possible adj.可能的；可接受的；合理的

It is possible for sb.to do sth.某人做某事是可能的

It is possible that...可能……

There is no possibility that...不可能……

10．praise v．赞扬；表扬

n．赞美；赞扬

in praise of赞扬

11．pretend v．假装

pretend to do/to be doing/to have done假装要/正在/已经做某事12．retire v．退休；离开；撤退

retire from从……退休

13．risk v．冒……的危险

n．危险；风险

risk sth./doing sth.冒着……的危险

at risk处于危险之中

at the risk of sth./doing sth.冒着……的风险

take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事

14．sacrifice vt.牺牲，献出；献祭

n．牺牲；供奉；祭品

sacrifice sth.to do sth.牺牲……去做……

sacrifice for为……作出牺牲

15．serve v．提供(食物)，端上(饭菜)；服役；供职于；服务；用作serve sth.to sb.＝serve sb.sth.给某人端上某物

serve as当作；作为

16．shelter n．住所；藏身之处；庇护；避难所；遮盖物

v．庇护；躲避

shelter...from...保护……免于……

under the shelter of在……的庇护下

17．survive vi.幸存；活下来

survive on靠……存活下来

18．trick n．诡计；骗局；恶作剧；戏弄

v．欺骗

play a trick/tricks on/upon sb.欺骗某人；捉弄某人

trick sb.into sth./into (doing) sth.诱使某人做某事

19．volunteer n．志愿者

v．自愿做，义务做

volunteer to do...自愿做……

20．trouble短语

get into trouble陷入麻烦；陷入困境

be in trouble有麻烦；碰到困难

without trouble毫不费力的，没有麻烦的

have trouble with sth./(in) doing...(做)……有困难

take the trouble to do...不辞劳苦地做……

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．She has a few thousand dollars put away for her (retire)．

2．Tom risked (lose) his job to help you out of the trouble.

3．The young man volunteered (stop) the drunken men from fighting.

4． general，about 10% of the candidates are eventually offered positions. 5．He dreamed of making fortune.

6．We hope your suggestion will contribute to (solve) the problem. 7．There’s been some fierce (compete) for the title.

8．Mike found a (challenge) job as a computer programmer.

9．A stay in the country will be (benefit) to his health.

10．They came across it accident.

11．was a mercy that she wasn’t seriously hurt and was waiting until the rescue arrived.

12．It’s just possible I gave them the wrong directions.

13．He pretended (know) the answer to the problem already. 14．Trees shelter the house the wind.

15．It will greatly increase your chances of (survive)．

Ⅱ.根据要求完成句子

1．他受到了赞扬，因为他冒着生命危险扑灭了大火。(一句多译)

①

②

2．在失去引擎动力之后，船员们发现自己只能任凭风力摆布了。(mercy)

Having lost engine power，the boat’s crew . 3．These students are fortunate to have such a good English teacher.(用it作形式主语改写)

4．The new regulation will be of benefit to everyone concerned.

①

(用beneficial改写) ②

(用benefit from改写) ③

(用benefit改写) 5．我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。(一句多译)

①

②

(一)阅读理解

How often do you check your phone? According to a study led by Nottingham Trent University in Britain，the average person looks at their phones 86 times a day.Updating their status on social media platforms also made people reach for their electronic

companion frequently.

Even the participants thought that was a lot: this figure is twice as often as they thought they did.Our phones might be shaping our behavior more than we realize.Do you actually look at your surroundings more than at your phone? Is it rude to check your phone when someone is talking to you?

Sherry Turkle interviewed hundreds of college students about this.She’s a professor of social studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.They talked about something they called “the rule of three”．

The rule has to do with being considerate to others despite the allure(诱惑力) of the little flat box.Turkle explains, “If you go to dinner with friends，you don’t want to look down at your phone until you see that three people are looking up in the conversation.So there’s a new rule where you don’t look down unless three people are looking up in order to keep a little conversation alive.”

Actually，if you are clever enough you might use your phone as a tool to connect with people next to you.Sharing a bit of your life with them can bring you closer together.And you can also invite everyone to take a selfie (自拍照) with you. But the best thing to deal with mobile phone addiction is to go cold turkey and leave the machine behind occasionally or just switch it off and keep it firmly in your pocket for a while.

1．Why does the author mention “How often do you check your phone？” in the first paragraph?

A．To stress the importance of mobile phones.

B．To encourage readers to use mobile phones more.

C．To introduce a topic to be discussed in the following paragraphs.

D．To know how readers update their status on social media platforms.

2．If John was a participant using the mobile phone as often as the average in the study，how many times did he think he looked at his phone a week?

A．172. B．301.

C．602. D．1204.

3．What’s the purpose of “the rule of three”？

A．To keep a conversation going.

B．To look down at your phone regularly.

C．To tell readers how to be considerate to others.

D．To remind readers of the importance of mobile phones.

4．Which of the following is NOT the right way to avoid being addicted to the mobile phone?

A．Leaving it home sometimes when you go out.

B．Going to Turkey for a holiday once in a while.

C．Turn it off on purpose now and then.

D．Hide it somewhere for the moment.

(二)七选五

Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 5 In general，they can expect to live six or seven years more than men.One reason for this is biological.

One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 6 Between the ages of about 12 and 50，women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力)．These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow.In fact，women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.

7 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections.This means that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men.The common cold is a good example: women，on average，get fewer colds than men.

8 Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging，but they believe that they do.Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency to age more slowly than a man’s.Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly. 9

A．However，women，on average，live longer.

B．The biological factor plays an important part.

C．Women are also helped by their female genes.

D．The female hormones also protect the body in another way.

E．Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.

F．Therefore，women are healthier than men and can live a better life. G．Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control various body functions.

(三)完形填空

As I was taking a walk with my mom，I asked her，“Have you taken the senior bus yet？”

I held my breath as I waited for her 10 .“Oh，yes.I have，” she said.“How was it？” I said the words as 11 as I could to show my excitement，even though I sensed

the answer was not going to be 12 .She sighed heavily，“No one ever 13 on that bus.They all sit there quietly and look sad.I only see about thirteen 14 old ladies and men.” My 15 for her situation grasped my stomach.

My dad had recently passed away，and his sudden leave made my mother 16 and frightened.For fifty-seven years，my dad had walked by her side.Mom never learned to 17 ，so Dad drove her everywhere.Now，her wheels were gone，as one grandchild so properly 18 her situation.I knew she needed great 19 to make the decision to take the senior bus.However，I firmly believed the 20 wouldn’t last too long，for Mom was so outgoing and active that she could chat with almost everybody whom she met in the street.

Several days later，when I came to visit her，I asked，“Do they talk to you now？” She 21 and there was a sparkle(火花) in her eyes.It didn’t take a genius to figure out that the 22 had changed.“It was silly that all of us just sat there 23 saying a word.So one morning when I 24 ，I greeted them and then remarked that what a nice day it was.Soon，they began to 25 and we chatted happily.Now we are friends and always have some good 26 on the bus，” she replied.

My mother held the key to the 27 of the other lonely people on that bus.A smile and some 28 words were all it took.She sowed tiny seeds of 29 for herself and her friends on the bus.

10．A.order B．instruction

C．answer D．request

11．A.fluently B．cheerfully

C．patiently D．quietly

12．A.typical B．reasonable

C．similar D．positive

13．A.talks B．eats

C．drinks D．sleeps

14．A.conservative B．depressed

C．surprised D．cautious

15．A.anger B．excitement

C．sympathy D．forgiveness

16．A.stubborn B．selfish

C．acute D．lonely

17．A.drive B．cook

C．dance D．paint

18．A.planned B．described

C．copied D．handled

19．A.support B．expectation

C．patience D．courage

20．A.silence B．friendship

C．argument D．impression

21．https://www.360docs.net/doc/fc14266726.html,plained B．smiled

C．sobbed D．appeared

22．A.situation B．hardship

C．decision D．topic

23．A.for B．by

C．without D．after

24．A.passed by B．got on

C．stood up D．set out

25．A.apologize B．escape

C．bother D．respond

26．A.conversations B．suggestions

C．examples D．analysis

27．A.fortune B．hearts

C．remarks D．relationship

28．A.sensitive B．responsible

C．friendly D．official

29．A.honesty B．happiness

C．imagination D．freedom

完形填空题所提供的是一篇具有完整意义的短文，其段与段、句与句、甚至词与词之间都有不可分割的、千丝万缕的联系。因此考生在做题时不要只注意设空处所在的短语、句子或段落，还要善于从上下文中寻找相关的提示信息。考生可以利用正向推断法、逆向推断法和正向逆合联合推断法寻找相关信息。

正向推断法要求考生利用已知信息推断下文未知信息，当然这儿所指的上文已知信息并不仅仅是靠近空格的上文已知信息，也包括离空格较远的甚至文章开头的上文已知信息。考生应认真阅读并分析上文内容，弄清事实，并思考下文的发展方向，从而推断下文的未知信息。

逆向推断法要求考生利用下文已知信息反向推断上文未知信息，当然这里所说的下文信息不仅指离空格较近的信息，还指离空格较远的甚至文章结尾处的下文信息。当利用上文已知信息无法准确推断下文未知信息时，不能着急，应沉着冷静地阅读下文，看下文哪些事实或细节是上文未知信息的延伸和发展，并由此推断出空格处的未知信息。

答案解析

话题词汇梳理与对应训练

Ⅰ.1.retirement 2.losing 3.to stop 4.In 5.a https://www.360docs.net/doc/fc14266726.html,petition 8.challenging 9.beneficial 10.by 11.It 12.that 13.to have known 14.from 15.survival

Ⅱ.1.①He was praised because he risked his life to put out the big fire.

②He was praised because he took/ran the risk of losing his life to put out the big fire.

2．found themselves at the mercy of wind

3．It is fortunate that these students have such a good English teacher.

4．①The new regulation will be beneficial to everyone concerned.

②Everyone concerned will benefit from the new regulation.

③The new regula tion will benefit everyone concerned.

5．①We had no trouble (in) finding his office.

②We found his office without trouble.

话题语篇训练

(一)

语篇解读你每天会查看手机多少次？你是不是玩手机上瘾了？如何避免手机上瘾？

1．C [写作意图题。作者开篇就以一个问题“How often do you check your phone？”问读者，其目的是引出下文将要讨论的话题。]

2．B [数字计算题。根据第一段第二句及第二段第一句可知，据调查他们每天看手机的次数是86次，而这一实际数据是他们所认为的次数的两倍。因此他认为的一周看手机的次数应为：86÷2×7＝301。]

3．A [细节理解题。结合第四段中Turkle的解释“So there’s a new rule where you don’t look down unless three people are looking up in order to keep a little conservation alive.”可知，“三原则”的用意是使会话活跃地进行。]

4．B [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，作者对避免手机上瘾的建议是快速戒除(go cold turkey)使用手机成瘾的嗜好；偶尔不带手机或关机并放在你的衣兜里一会儿不拿出来。故排除选项A、C和D。]

(二) 5.A 6.G 7.D 8.C 9.E

(三)

10．C [order订单；instruction指导；answer答案；request请求。此处指的是作者在等待妈妈的答案。故选C。]

11．B [fluently流利地；cheerfully高兴地；patiently有耐心地；quietly安静地。根据后文表现他的激动所以此处应该是高兴地，故选B。]

12．D [即使我感觉到答案是不积极的。下文的sigh也是提示。故选D。]

13．A [根据后文的“They all sit there quietly and look sad.”可知他们在公交车上不开口说话。故选A。]

14．B [根据上文可知他们是很沮丧的。故选B。]

15．C [anger愤怒；excitement兴奋；sympathy同情；forgiveness原谅。作者对妈妈所处的状况表示同情。故选C。]

16．D [根据后文的内容可知，爸爸的离开让妈妈很孤单、难过。故选D。]

17．A [根据后文的“so Dad drove her everywhere”可知妈妈不会开车。故选A。] 18．B [plan计划；describe描述；copy复制；handle处理。此处指的是作者正确的描述了她的情况。故选B。]

19．D [句意为：我知道她需要很大的勇气来决定乘公交车。根据前文也可知。故选D。] 20．A [根据后文的“for Mom was so outgoing and active that she could chat with almost everybody whom she met in the street”可知，此处应该是安静不会持续太久。故选A。] 21．B [根据后文可知她的眼里很高兴可知此处应该是她微笑了。故选B。]

22．A [根据前文可知此处她改善了她的处境。故选A。]

23．C [句意为：我们大家都坐在那里，一句话也不说，这是很愚蠢的。故选C。]

24．B [pass by路过；get on上车；stand up站起来；set out出发。此处指的是她上了车，故选B。]

25．D [apologize道歉；escape逃跑；bother打扰；respond回应，反应。句意为：很快，他们开始作出回应，我们愉快地聊天。故选D。]

26．A [句意为：现在我们是朋友，总是在公共汽车上有一些很好的交谈。故选A。] 27．B [fortune运气；heart心；remark标记；relationship联系。句意为：我的母亲拿着的是其他在那辆公交车上的孤独的人的心扉的钥匙。故选B。]

28．C [sensitive敏感的；responsible有责任心的；friendly友好的；official官方的。由and之前的a smile可知是友善的话。故选C。]

29．B [honesty诚实；happiness快乐；imagination想像；freedom自由。句意为：她在为她自己和她的朋友在公共汽车上散播快乐的小种子。故选B。]

高考英语听力指导和常见表达

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