(完整版)高一英语(牛津译林版)定语从句
定语从句
一、基本概念
1．定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。先行词前一般用the ，但在指“一个”概念时可用a , an 。
3．关系代词/ 关系副词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词，根据其在从句中作用分为关系代词或关系副词。若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句；若先行词在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等，应用关系副词引导定语从句。
4．定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句和先行词被某些成分隔开。
5．引导定语从句的关系词分为二类：
关系代词：that, which ,who, whom ,whose , as 关系副词：when, where, why
二、基本用法
2．使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题：
a. 在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。
1.先行词是不定代词时，如: all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, much。
1.I told him all (that) I know.
2.He gave her everything (that) he had.
2.先行词被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时。
1.I have read all the books (that) you gave me.
2.You can take any book (that) you like.
3.先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。
1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read.
2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai.
4.先行词既有人又有物时。
1.We talked about the persons and things (that) we remember in the school.
2.The people and the animals that were killed in the earthquake have all been found. 5.在Who, Which引起的疑问句中。
1. Who is the boy that helped you?
2. Which is the book (that) you bought yesterday?
6. 若有两个定语从句，一个用which引导，另一个须用that引导。
He bought a book which could give him knowledge and that could help to kill the time.
7. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。
Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be.
b.在以下几种情况下只使用which 不用that。
1. 引导非限制性定语从句时。
I have lost my pen, which I like very much. (which 作宾语，指代主句中的pen)
New concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us.
(which作主语，指代整个主句)
2. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是which，另一个须用that。
The book (that) he bought yesterday was the one (which) he liked best.
3. 先行词在句中作介词宾语且介词前置时。
This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.
c.当先行词为指人的关系代词时,引导词只用who 不用that。
1. 先行词为all, anyone, one / ones, those, people 时，须用who。
1. Anyone who knows how to do it can do it now.
2. Those who want to see the film please put up your hands.
3. He, who does not reach the Great Wall, is not a true man.
2. 在非限制性定语从句中，须用who。
Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard.
3. 在被分隔的定语从句中，须用who。
A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German.
4. 在以there be开头的句子中，多用who。
There is a stranger who wants to see our headmaster.
5. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是that，另一个须用who。
The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that studies very hard.
如：As we all know, he studies very hard.
比较：He studies very hard, as / which we all know.
I’ve never seen such a clever man as he is.
He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like.
He was late, which made the teacher angry.
The bridge is really wonderful, as (is) shown in the picture.
The experiment is very important, as indeed it is.
e. the same…as …和the same… that…的不同。
This is the same book as I lent you yesterday.
这本书和我昨天借给你的相似。（相似物）
This is the same book that I lent you yesterday.
这正是我昨天借给你的那本书。（同一物）
【小试牛刀】
I．用关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose, as填空。
1. The earthquake ________shook the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.
2. We don’t know the number of people __________lost their homes in the earthquake.
3. The house ___________they built in 1937 is still in very good condition.
4. The house __________is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake.
5. The boy ___________ father is a teacher is very clever.
6. A clock is a machine ____________tells people the time.
7. Our village is no longer the one __________ it used to be.
8.The house __________ he is looking for is very expensive.
9. Do you know the man __________ houses are all broken?
10. ________ is known to all, the moon travels round the earth once very month.
【答案】1. that/ which 2. who/ that 3. that/ which / 不填 4. that/ which 5. whose
6. that / which
7. that / 不填
8. that / which / 不填
9. whose 10. As
II．把下面各组句子合并成含有定语从句的复合句。
1. The girl is not here. She is going to sing a song.
2. The school is a big one. The school stands near the river.
3. The girl works very hard. Her father is a doctor.
4. My uncle bought the bike last week. The bike has been stolen. 5．The pen is very old. I lent it to you this morning. III．翻译下面句子
1．刚才作演讲的那个教授已经走了。
____________________________________________________________ 2．你认识那个母亲是老师的女孩吗?
______________________________________________________________ 3．鸟是一种能飞的动物。
______________________________________________________________ 4．我上周买的那支钢笔很便宜。
______________________________________________________________ 5．门朝北开的那间房子已经被卖了。
______________________________________________________________【答案】
1. The professor that / who made the speech just now has left.
2. Do you know the girl whose mother is a teacher?
3. A bird is an animal which / that can fly.
4. The pen (that / which) I bought last week is very cheap.
5. The room whose door faces north has been sold.
3．关系副词的基本用法
：同样是表示地点的先行词，为何有时候用关系代词that, which，有时候用关系副词where？同样是表示时间的先行词，为何有时候用关系代词that, which，有时候用关系副词when？请对比以下几组句子：
I have found the factory that / which he visited last week.
I have found the factory where he stayed last week.
The days that / which I spent there are unforgettable.
The days when I stayed there are unforgettable.
The reason that / which he told me for his being late is that he got up late.
The reason why he was late is that he got up late.
说明:当引导词在定语从句中作主语,宾语或表语时,尽管先行词是时间名词,地点名词或表示原因的名词, 我们仍然使用关系代词that, which。这主要根据从句中的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。
注意：
1．当用作关系副词，若修饰表示的名词time，day，moment，way时，用that代替when / why 等。
如：It happened on the day that/ when I was born.
I don’t like the way (that / in which) you speak to your mother.
4．由介词+which / whom 引导的定语从句
介词一般由定语从句的动词而定。
He is the boy whom / who / that we are talking about
= He is the boy about whom we are talking.
The pen which /that I wrote the article with is gone.
= The pen with which I wrote the article.
几种特殊的情况：
a. 由when, where, why 引导的定语从句常常可以替换成“介词+ which / whom的形式”：
when = in / on / at which, where = in / on / at +which, why = for which
b. whose+ n.= the+ n. + of whom / which = of whom / which + the + n. 如：
whose father = the father of whom = of whom the father
whose window = the window of which =of which the window
c. 由介词短语+whom/which 引起的定语从句
This is our classroom, in front of which there is a garden.
The building at the back of which is a lake is our chemistry lab building.
He lives on a mountain on top of which there is a temple.
d. 数词/代词+介词+which/ whom 引起的定语从句
I have some books, one of which is in English.
She has many friends, all of whom are in the same class.
(比较：She has many friends. All of them are in the same class.)
但有些短语动词中的介词不能提前，因为其短语拆开后完全改变了原来的意思。
This is the book that / which I’m looking for
There are many patients that the nurses look after.
5．what在其引导的从句中作定语
What在它所引导的主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句中作主语、宾语或表语外，还可作定语。如：
Don’t worry. I will give you what help I can. 别担心，我会近我所能帮你。
= any help that 或as much help as
What 在从句中作定语时，还可于few，little连用修饰名词，表示“尽管不多，但已经全部”。如：
I will lend you what few books I can spare. 我愿把为数不多的书全部借给你。
= all the few books that
We contributed what little money we had towards the flood-stricken area.
= all the little money that
【小试牛刀】
IV．用关系副词when, where, why填空
1. Do you still remember the place _______ you were born?
2. I don’t remember the date _______ my father were born.
3. Yesterday we went to visit the house ________ the great writer used to live.
4. Do you know the reason ________ he killed himself?
5. He was born in the year __________ the Second World War broke out.
6. He always wants to go to his hometown and visited the place _________ he grew up.
7. Kunming is a beautiful city ________ flowers are seen all the year round.
8. The children today are lucky as they are living in a time ________ our country is open to the outside world.
9. Please tell me the reason ________ he is angry.
10. This kind of programme will be well received in the countries _________ many Chinese are living.
【答案】1. where 2. when 3. where 4. why 5. when 6. where 7. where
8. when 9. why 10. where
V．翻译下面句子
1．我已经找到了我朋友居住的那间房子了。
2．你记得你妈妈出生的日期吗？
3．请告诉我你买到那块手表的地方。
4．我不喜欢他的原因是他太笨了。
5．上海是个大城市，在那里你可以见到许多外国人。
【答案】1. I have found the room where my friends once lived.
2. Do you still remember the date when your mother was born?
3. Please tell me the place where you bought the watch.
4. The reason why I don’t like him is that he is too stupid.
5. Shanghai is a big city, where you can see many foreigners.
VI．用恰当的关系词填空
1. The first lesson ___________ the old professor taught was not easily forgotten.
2. Mr. White told his wife the persons and things __________ he saw in China.
3. Who is the girl ___________ shook hands with our headmaster?
4. The report __________ they are listening to is very important.
5. Do you know the reason __________ he didn’t come to school last week?
6. Did you understand the last report __________ was made by the foreigner?
7. Would you please lend me the same book ___________ he has borrowed?
8. Please tell us the days __________ we are going to have our exams.
9. The factory __________ makes bikes was built in 1930.
10. He told me everything __________ he had seen in the accident.
11. The camp was full of people __________ homes had been destroyed.
12. Tom is the student with ____________ I want to have a talk.
13. Do you remember the village __________ we worked last summer?
14. Do you remember the village __________ we visited last summer?
15. Do you remember the days _________ we spent together last summer?
【答案】 1. (that) 2. (that) 3. that 4. (that / which) 5. why 6. which / that
7. as 8. when 9. which / that 10. (that) 11. whose 12. whom
13. where 14. (that / which) 15. (that / which)
【强化练习】
I. 不定项选择
1. The old lady _____is his grandmother.
A. you talked
B. that you talked about
C. you talked to her
D. you talked to
2. A man ______Jack went to Qingdao for a holiday yesterday.
A. who’s name is
B. who his name is
C. whose name is
D. his name is
3. He lives in a room ______door is broken.
A. whose
B. which
C. its
D. that
4. We visited the factory _____makes toys for children.
A. where
B. which
C. in which
D. that
5. The film _____last night was wonderful.
A. which we saw
B. that we saw
C. which was shown
D. that was shown
6. I’ll never forget the place _____I visited ten years ago.
A. where
B. that
C. in which
D. what
7.Sep. 18, 1995 is a day _____we’ll never forget.
A. when
B. in which
C. that
D. for which
8. The girl ____ you met just now is very interesting.
A. which
B. that
C. whom
D. who
9. The factory ____you visited yesterday was built in 1930.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. whom
10. There is a mountain ____top is always covered with snow.
A. of which
B. whose
C. it’s
D. its
11. The car ran over a boy and a dog _____were just crossing the street.
A. who
B. whom
C. that
D. which
12. The lessons _____were not easily forgotten.
A. which he taught
B. which were taught
C. that were taught
D. that he taught
13. The student _____is a three-good student.
A. whose parents died
B. who you met
C. whom you met
D. who we were talking about
14. I want to go and thank the woman ______helped me.
A. who
B. that
C. which
D. whose son
15. The man ____was a friend of mine.
A. that you just talked to
B. whom you just talked to him
C. who you just talked to him
D. which you just talked to him
【答案】1. BD 2. C 3. A 4. BD 5. ABCD 6. B 7. C 8. BCD 9. BC 10. B
11. C 12. ABCD 13. ABCD 14. ABD 15. A
V．各地模拟题汇编
1. This is Mr. White, ________ I think has something interesting to tell you. (海淀4月卷)
A. which
B. whom
C. that
D. who
2. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, ________ people began to enjoy the advantages of this technology. (东城5月卷)
A. and
B. when
C. which
D. because
3. I’d like to live somewhere _________ the sun shines all year long. (西城5月卷)
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. in which
4. In Wasdale there is a mysterious dark lake, _________ depth has never been measured.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. whose (海淀5月卷)
5. Is it the years __________ you worked in the factory _________ have a great effect on your literary works? (湖北八校一模卷)
A. that; where
B. that; that
C. when; where
D. when; that
6. He won’t want to eat it unless he’s really hungry, in _______ case he’ll eat almost anything.
A. what
B. that
C. whose
D. which (苏锡常镇一模卷)
7. Government reports, legal papers and most business letters are the main situations _______ English is used. (黄冈卷)
A. when
B. that
C. how
D. where
8. Europe has achieved more in controlling the AIDS virus than Asia in the past ten years, _______ the number of people infected with the virus is going up sharply. (南京二模卷)
A. when
B. that
C. so that
D. where
9. The soldiers soon reached _______ was once an old temple _____ the villages used as a school. (汕头卷)
A. which; where
B. what; which
C. where; which
D. what; where
10. This is an unpleasant subject _________ we might argue for a long while. (广州二模卷)
A. in which
B. with them
C. about which
D. with it
11. After all, with the help of my computer brain _________ never forgets anything, IQ is _________ I’m all about. (湖北宜昌三模卷)
A. that; what
B. what; what
C. what; that
D. that; where
12. It was the third night ________ we were staying in our seaside but ________ the tsunami (海啸) struck the whole village. (苏锡常镇二模卷)
A. when; when
B. when; what
C. what; that
D. that; that
13. I usually enjoy these dinners, unless I have to make speech, in _________ case I worry through the meal. (烟台三模卷)
A. that
B. this
C. which
D. any
14. The small mountain village ___________ we spent our holiday last month lies in _______ is now part of Hubei. (湖北八校二模卷)
A. which; where
B. where; what
C. that; which
D. when; which
15. The president stood by a window inside the room, __________, looking over the square.
A. where I entered
B. into which I entered
C. which I entered
D. that I entered (成都三模卷)
16. Barbara went to the States a couple of years ago, by _________ time she had learned to dance and act in comedies. (福建卷)
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. whose
17. The girl ______ everybody had thought would win a gold medal failed at last. (东北四市卷)
A. who
B. whom
C. what
D. /
18. Society is a building, to the construction of _____ everyone brings a brick. (黄冈4月卷)
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. where
19. The newcomer is from Tibet, _____ I can tell from his appearance. (南通二模卷)
A. which
B. what
C. where
D. who
20. Mr. Green will come to the party on Sunday, _________ he promised to every one of us.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. which (山西卷) 【答案】
1．D who引导定语从句，对Mr. White 进行补充说明。
2．B when 引导定语从句，对先行词the early 1990s进行补充解释说明。
3．C 此题中where引导定语从句且在从句中作状语。
4．D whose引导定语从句，对先行词lake进行解释说明。
5．D 后一空that与前面的It was 构成强调句型，前一空when引导定语从句修饰years。6．D 此题考查“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句的用法。
7．D 先行词situations在定语从句中充当地点状语，因此引导词应用where。
8．D where 引导非限制性定语从句，对Asia进行补充说明。
9．B 前一空what引导的是宾语从句，作reach的宾语；后一空中which引导的是定语从句，并在从句中作temple的宾语。
10．C argue about意为“为……而争论”。argue with意为“与……争论”，由先行词an unpleasant subject可知，此处意为“为某事争论”。about which引导定语从句。
11．A 前一空中that引导定语从句修饰先行词brain。后一空中what引导表语从句，同时又作从句中about的宾语。
12．A 前一空的when引导定语从句修饰先行词the third night，后一空中的when引导的从句是句子的真正主语。
13．C 介词in + 关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。
14．B 该句是一个复合句，首先把句子的主干找出：The small mountain lies in，第一空所缺少的是定语从句的引导词，分析从句结构可知，从句中缺状语，所以填where，第二空应是谓语lies in的宾语。what相当于the place that。
15．C which引导非限制性定语从句，同时在从句中entered的宾语。
16．A 此题考查定语从句，介词by + 关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。
17．A 此句只要分析句子结构即可。此句的主句结构为The girl failed at last.其中who引导定语从句修饰先行词the girl，并且从句中everybody had thought作插入语。
18．C 关系代词which指代a building 并引导一个非限制性定语从句。
19．A which引导非限制性定语从句。
20．D which引导非限制性定语从句，同时又在从句中充当promise的宾语。
苏教版高一英语必修一单词
牛津高中英语必修一词汇表 Unit 1 enjoyable / enjoy/ enjoyment adj.有乐趣的/vt.喜爱，享有/n.愉快，乐趣，令人愉快事experience /experienced n.&vt经历，体验/adj.老练的，有经验的assembly n.集会，会议 headmaster n.校长 earn vt. 获得；赚，挣得 earn a/one's living 谋生 respect / respectable n. vt.尊敬，敬重/adj.值得尊敬的，体面的 show/have respect for 尊敬/敬重… with respect 尊敬地 respect sb/sth for…因…敬重/尊重某人或某物 devote /devoted vt.致力于；献身/adj.专心致志的，挚爱的 devote oneself to 献身于 devote one's time/energy to…把时间/精力奉献于… literature n.文学 average adj.一般的，普通的；平均的n.平均数，一般水平 on average 平均的 above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下 struggle vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎，n. 难事；斗争；努力struggle for 为…而斗争 struggle with/against 与…而斗争
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 challenging /challenge adj.具有挑战性的/n.&vt.挑战encouragement /encourage n.鼓励/vt.鼓励 an encouragement to sb 对某人来说是一个鼓励 cooking / cooker/ cook n.做饭；烹饪，烹调/n.炊具/n.厨师 for free 免费 extra adj.额外的，外加的 fond adj. 喜爱的，喜欢的 be fond of 喜爱，喜欢 Spanish n. adj.班牙语（的）；西班牙人（的）sculpture n.雕像，雕塑 dessert n. 甜点 look back (on) 回忆，回顾 satisfaction / satisfy /satisfied n.满意/vt.满足，使满意/adj.满意的/adj.令人满意的/satisfactory to one's satisfaction 令人满意的是 surf vt. vi.冲浪 academic adj. 学业的，学术的 exchange n. vt. 交换；交流 in exchange for 作为…的交换 exchange sth with sb 与某人交换某物 exchange sth for sth 以…交换...
牛津译林版高中英语必修一模块一
高中英语学习材料 madeofjingetieji 盐城市龙冈中学牛津高中英语模块一测试题 命题人：程永华 第一卷(选择题，共75分) I.听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.How much is the skirt? A.$19.15. B.$9.15. C.$9.50 2.What are the two speakers doing? A.They are having a rest. B.They want to have dinner. C.They are hiking on a hill. 3.What does the man mean? A.He doesn't like Chinese food. B.He doesn't want to eat out. C.He wants to pay for the meal. 4.What did the man do yesterday evening? A.He had dinner with his friend. B.He visited a friend. C.He saw a film. 5.When does Mr Brown have to be at the airport? A.At 8:30. B.At 9:30. C.At 10:30. 第二节（共15小题，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6.What kind of color TV does the woman want to buy? A.A small one. B.A big one. C.A cheap one. 7.What's the man's opinion about buying a TV? A.The woman should buy a small one. B.The woman should buy a big one. C.The woman should buy a cheap one. 8.Why does the man give the woman such a suggestion? A.Because the big one is too expensive. B.Because she will have to change it in a few years. C.Because her sitting room isn't very big. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9.Where is the boy going to spend his holiday? A.In the city. B.In his hometown. C.Abroad. 10.What will he do there? A.Do some farm work. B.Study at home. C.Do some housework. 11.Which of the following is TRUE? A.The girl knows how to farm. B.The boy's grandparents don't live in the city. C.The boy's school is in the country. 听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。 12.What are the man and the woman looking for? A.A comfortable hotel. B.A modern hotel. C.A cheap hotel. 13.Where could the man and the woman find the hotel they need? A.Next to the bank. B.A two minutes' drive to the west. C.On the left side of the street.
译林版高中英语必修一模块一单词
模块一 Unit1 enjoyable adj.有趣的, 愉快的 experience n. 经历, 经验vt. 经历, 体验 assembly n. 集合, 集会, 装配 headmaster n. (中小学的)校长 earn vt. 赚得, 赢得, 生利 respect n. 尊敬, 敬重; 关系, 方面vt. 尊敬, 尊重; 关于, 涉及devote vt. 投入于,献身 literature n. 文学, 文献 average n. 平均数,平均水平 adj. 一般的,通常的,平均的 vt. &vi.平均值，达到平均水平 struggle n. 竞争,努力,奋斗v. 努力,奋斗,挣扎challenging adj.具有挑战性的;引起兴趣的;令人深思的 v.挑战，质疑(challenge的现在分词) encouragement n. 鼓励 cooking adj. 烹饪的 n. 烹饪动词(cook的现在分词) for free adj. 免费 extra adj. 额外的adv. 特别地n. 额外的事物，另外收费的Spanish adj. 西班牙的n. 西班牙语 sculpture n. 雕塑vt. 雕刻,雕塑vi. 当雕刻师 dessert n. 甜食 look back (on) 回忆，回顾 satisfaction n. 赔偿,满意,妥善处理,乐事,确信 surf n. 海浪拍岸,冲浪 vi. 冲浪,浏览vt. 浏览 academic n. 教学人员,学术人adj. 学院的,理论的,学术性的exchange n. 交换,交换物,汇兑,交易所vt. &vi. 交换,交易,兑换former adj. 以前的,在前的, 前任的pron.&n. 前者 n. 模型，样板，构成者，创造者，起形成作用的人，[无线]线圈架 fluent adj. 流利的，流畅的 painting n. 水彩画,油画 donate vt. 捐赠,转移(电子) vi. 捐款
(完整版)高一英语(牛津译林版)定语从句
定语从句 一、基本概念 1．定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。先行词前一般用the ，但在指“一个”概念时可用a , an 。 3．关系代词/ 关系副词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词，根据其在从句中作用分为关系代词或关系副词。若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句；若先行词在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等，应用关系副词引导定语从句。 4．定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句和先行词被某些成分隔开。 5．引导定语从句的关系词分为二类： 关系代词：that, which ,who, whom ,whose , as 关系副词：when, where, why 二、基本用法
2．使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题： a. 在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。 1.先行词是不定代词时，如: all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, much。 1.I told him all (that) I know. 2.He gave her everything (that) he had. 2.先行词被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时。 1.I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 2.You can take any book (that) you like. 3.先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。 1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read. 2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai. 4.先行词既有人又有物时。 1.We talked about the persons and things (that) we remember in the school. 2.The people and the animals that were killed in the earthquake have all been found. 5.在Who, Which引起的疑问句中。 1. Who is the boy that helped you? 2. Which is the book (that) you bought yesterday? 6. 若有两个定语从句，一个用which引导，另一个须用that引导。 He bought a book which could give him knowledge and that could help to kill the time. 7. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. b.在以下几种情况下只使用which 不用that。 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时。 I have lost my pen, which I like very much. (which 作宾语，指代主句中的pen) New concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us. (which作主语，指代整个主句) 2. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是which，另一个须用that。 The book (that) he bought yesterday was the one (which) he liked best. 3. 先行词在句中作介词宾语且介词前置时。 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. c.当先行词为指人的关系代词时,引导词只用who 不用that。 1. 先行词为all, anyone, one / ones, those, people 时，须用who。 1. Anyone who knows how to do it can do it now. 2. Those who want to see the film please put up your hands. 3. He, who does not reach the Great Wall, is not a true man. 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，须用who。 Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard. 3. 在被分隔的定语从句中，须用who。 A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German. 4. 在以there be开头的句子中，多用who。 There is a stranger who wants to see our headmaster. 5. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是that，另一个须用who。 The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that studies very hard.
牛津版高一英语必修一综合练习题
高一英语期中复习基础题选编（1） Ⅰ.语法填空 1．Bill’s mother was always telling him of the dos and don'ts，but it didn’t ________. A．use B．work C．stop D．promise 2．He was obviously annoyed，for he was not used to ________ like that. A．speaking B．spoken to C．being spoken D．being spoken to 3．Zhang Hua is clever and works hard at his lessons.________. A．So is Li Ming B．So does Li Ming C．It was the same with Li Ming D．So it is with Li Ming 4．I must have been a great________to my parents in those hard days，for I never failed to live up to their expectations. A．achievement B．comfort C．disappointment D．support 5．Good amounts of sleep every night ________also important for your health. A．is B．are C．was D．were 6．Even if I had taken part in the 400－meter relay race in the sports meet，our class________ the race.I’m ________ weight this year. A．would not have beaten；putting on B．might not have won；gaining C．cannot have defended our title；losing D．must not have achieved；acquiring 7．Teenagers ________ their health because they play computer games too much. A．have damaged B．are damaging C．damaged D．will damage 8．What you told me the other day is really true，________？ A．isn’t it B．isn’t what C．didn’t you D．wasn’t it 9．In the amusement parks，all the people love their jobs，________ might be not popular but are quite interesting regardless. A．which B．what C．that D．where 10．—Alice，you feed the bird today，________？ —But I fed it just now. A．do you B．will you C．don’t you D．didn’t you 11．In the past few years，My Heart Will Go On was a popular song among young people，________ were often heard singing it at parties. A．who B．which C．they D．that 12．________ is known to all，he is admitted to a key university. A．It B．What C．Which D．As 13．—Most of my classmates failed in the first exam.It seems there is no hope for us to make any progress.
牛津译林版高一英语高频知识点总结
牛津译林版高一英语高频知识点总结 重点句型 1．“So + be／have／助动词／情态动词＋主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的，“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句，则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。 例如He’s tired，and so am I．(＝I’ m also tired．) You can swim，and so can I．(＝I can also swim．) She has had supper，and so can I．(＝I’ve had lunch，too．) Tom speaks English，and so does his sister．(＝His sister speaks English，too．) A: I went to the park yesterday． B: So did I．(＝I also went to the park yesterday．) 2．“So +主语+be／have／助动词／情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed,certainly,表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。 例如 A：It was cold yesterday．昨天很冷。B：So it was．的确如此。(＝Yes，it was．) A：You seem to like sports．B：So I do．(＝Yes，I do．) A：It will be fine tomorrow．B：So it will．(＝Yes ，it will．) 3．“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。 My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I han ded in my composition on time.) 语文老师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。 4．So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示“……(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时，要表示相同情况，必须使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒装句。 She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister. 5、There you are. 行了，好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。如：
苏教版本高中高一数学必修一学习知识点归纳总结计划.doc
教版高一数学必修一知点 【一】 一、集合及其表示 1、集合的含： “集合” 个首先我想到的是上体育或者开会老常喊的“全体集合”。数学上的“集合”和个意思是一的，只不一个是一个是名而已。 所以集合的含是：某些指定的象集在一起就成一个集合，称集，其中每一个 象叫元素。比如高一二班集合，那么所有高一二班的同学就构成了一个集合，每一个同学就称个集合的元素。 2、集合的表示 通常用大写字母表示集合，用小写字母表示元素，如集合A={a， b ，c}。 a、 b、 c 就是集合 A 中的元素，作a∈ A，相反， d 不属于集合A，作 dA 。 有一些特殊的集合需要： 非整数集 (即自然数集 )N 正整数集N* 或 N+ 整数集 Z 有理数集Q 数集 R 集合的表示方法：列法与描述法。 ①列法： {a,b,c ??} ② 描述法：将集合中的元素的公共属性描述出来。如{xR|x-3>2},{x|x-3>2} ，{(x,y)|y=x2+1} ③言描述法：例：{不是直角三角形的三角形} 例：不等式 x-3>2 的解集是 {xR|x-3>2} 或 {x|x- 3>2} ：描述法表示集合注意集合的代表元素 A={(x,y)|y=x2+3x+2} 与 B={y|y=x2+3x+2} 不同。集合 A 中是数元素(x，y)，集合 B 中只有元素y。 3、集合的三个特性 (1)无序性 B={2,1}，集合A=B。 指集合中的元素排列没有序，如集合A={1,2}，集合 例：集合A={1,2}，B={a,b}，若 A=B，求 a、 b 的。 解：，A=B 注意：有两解。 (2)互异性 指集合中的元素不能重复，A={2,2}只能表示{2} (3)确定性 集合的确定性是指成集合的元素的性必明确，不允有模棱两可、含混不清的情况。 二、集合的基本关系 1.子集， A 包含于 B，：，有两种可能 (1)A 是 B 的一部分， (2)A 与 B 是同一集合， A=B， A、B 两集合中元素都相同。 反之 :集合 A 不包含于集合B,作。 如：集合 A={1,2,3} ，B={1,2,3,4}， C={1,2,3,4}，三个集合的关系可以表示，，B=C。A是 C 的子集，同 A 也是 C 的真子集。 2.真子集 :如果 AB, 且 AB 那就集合 A 是集合 B 的真子集，作 AB(或BA)
牛津译林版高一英语上册知识点：Unit 1 School life
牛津译林版高一英语上册知识点：Unit 1 School life (一)词汇 attend earn respect achieve grade subject literature average on average an average of cooking extra Spanish etc. miss dessert vt. 参加，出席 n. 获得 v. 尊敬，敬重 v. 取得，完成 n. 等级，成绩 n. 科目 n. 文学 adj. 普通的;
平均的 n. 平均数;普通 n. 烹饪 adj. 另外的，额外的 n. 西班牙语 adj. 西班牙的, 西班牙人的，西班牙语的等等v. 想念 n. 餐后甜点 dessert , desert /e/ dessert表示甜点，而desert 表示沙漠。但是desert 也可以发/ i /, 这时它是作为动词，意思是抛弃，离弃。例：荒岛 a deserted island experience vt. 经历，体验 辨析experience和experiment experience 表示经验，经历，而experiment表示实验。注意两个单词拼法上的区别。 article vt. 文章 immediately vi 立刻，马上 (二)课文重难点 1. mean v. 意味 What do you mean? 1)mean that +宾语从句 我是说你不需要今天就完成。 I mean you neednt finish it today. 2)mean doing Falling into the river on such a cold day means losing your life.
最新牛津版英语高中必修一语法知识
第一讲定语从句 一关键词 定语从句：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 先行词：定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。 关系词：关系词用来引导定语从句。关系词有关系代词和关系副词之分。关系代词有that, which, who，whom，whose，as等；关系副词有when，where，why等。 关系词可以1) 代替先行词；2) 引导定语从句；3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。 例如：The car which my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.句中，the car 为先行词；which是关系词引导是定语从句which my uncle had just bought，同时代替先行词the car在定语从句中作主语。 1.关系代词引导的定语从句 who指人，在定语从句中作主语。 whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。 which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可省略。 that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 whose 通常指人，有时也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 Note: whose指物时，常用of which结构来代替： 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词要和先行词的性、数保持一致。 注意：which和as引导非限制性定语从句时，有时并没有特定的先行词，而是代表前面说的整个情况。这时which和as 被看作单数，译作“这一点”，其后的谓语动形式用单数形式。如：He said he was a Frenchman，which／as was not true. 但须注意，as引导的这种定语从句可置于主句之前，which引导的这种定语从句只置于主句之后。如：As is known to all，China is a socialist country. China is a socialist country, as/which is known to all. 2.关系副词引导的定语从句 when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。 注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。 介词+关系代词 1)根据动词选择介词。I don't know the foreigner with whom my teacher shook hands.（或I don't know the foreigner whom my teacher shook hands with.) Note: who和that不能直接位于介词后作宾语；有的短语动词是不能拆开的，常见的这类短语有：look for，look after等。
师说必修一重点高中苏教版原文对照翻译
古之学者必有师。师者，所以传道受业解惑也。人非生而知之者， 古代求学的人一定有老师。老师是传授道理，教授学业，解决疑难问题的人。人不是生下来就懂孰能无惑？惑而不从师，其为惑也，终不解矣。生乎吾前， 得道理的，谁能没有疑惑？有疑惑却不跟从老师学习，他所存在的疑惑，就始终不能解决。在我之前其闻道也固先乎吾，吾从而师之；生乎吾后，其闻道也亦先乎吾， 出生的人，他懂得道理本来就比我早，我跟从他，拜他为师；在我之后出生的人，他懂得道理如果也吾从而师之。吾师道也，夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎？ 比我早，我也跟从他学习，把他当作老师，我学习的是道理，哪里管他的年龄比我大还是比我小呢？是故无贵无贱，无长无少，道之所存，师之所存也。 因此，不论地位显贵还是地位低下，不论年长年少，道理存在的地方，就是老师存在的地方。 嗟乎！师道之不传也久矣！欲人之无惑也难矣！古之圣人，其出人 唉！从师学习的风尚没有流传已经很久了，想要人们没有疑惑很难呐！古代的圣人，他们超过一也远矣，犹且从师而问焉；今之众人，其下圣人也亦远矣，而耻学于师。 般人很远了，尚且跟从老师向老师请教；现在的一般人，他们跟圣人相比相差很远了，却以向老师学是故圣益圣，愚益愚。圣人之所以为圣，愚人之所以为愚，其 为羞耻。所以圣人就更加圣明，愚人就更加愚昧。圣人之所以成为圣人，愚人之所以成为愚人，大概皆出于此乎！爱其子，择师而教之；于其身也，则耻师焉， 都是这个原因引起的吧！众人喜爱他们的孩子，选择老师教育孩子；他们自己呢，却以从师学习为惑矣。彼童子之师，授之书而习其句读（dòu）者，非吾所谓传其道 耻，这真是糊涂啊！那孩子的老师，教他们读书，学习书中的文句，并不是我所说的给人传授道理，解其惑者也。句读之不知，惑之不解，或师焉，或不（fǒu）焉， 给人解释疑惑的老师。不理解文句，疑惑得不到解决，有的向老师学习，有的却不向老师求教小的方小学而大遗，吾未见其明也。巫医乐师百工之人，不耻相师。 面学习，大的方面却放弃了，我看不出他们有什么明智的呢。医生，乐师及各种工匠，不以互相学习士大夫之族，曰师曰弟子云者，则群聚而笑之。问之， 为耻。士大夫这类人中，如有人称人家为老师，称自己为学生，这些人就聚集在一起嘲笑他。问那些 则曰：“彼与彼年相若也，道相似也。 嘲笑者（嘲笑他的原因），他们就说："那个人与某人年龄相近，修养和学业也差不多，（怎么能称他位卑则足羞，官盛则近谀。”呜呼！师道 为老师呢？）以地位低的人为师，足以感到羞愧，称官位高的人为师就近于谄媚。"啊！从师学习的之不复，可知矣。巫医乐师百工之人，君子不齿， 风尚不能恢复，由此就可以知道了。医生、乐师及各种工匠，士大夫之类的人是不屑与他们为伍的，今其智乃反不能及，其可怪也欤！ 现在士大夫们的智慧反而不如他们。难道值得奇怪吗？ 圣人无常师。孔子师郯子（tán）、苌弘、师襄、老聃（dān）。郯子之徒，其贤 圣人没有固定的老师，孔子曾经以郯子、苌弘、师襄、老聃为师。郯子这一类人，他们的道德才不及孔子。孔子曰：三人行，则必有我师。是故弟子不必不如师， 能不如孔子。孔子说："几个人走在一起，其中就一定有我的老师。"因此学生不一定不如老师不必贤于弟子，闻道有先后，术业有专攻，如是而已。 师，老师也不一定比弟子强，听闻道理有先有后，学问和技艺上各有各的主攻方向，像这样罢了。
(完整word版)高一英语单词重点牛津译林版
必修1到4重点 B come across偶然遇见 D examine检查 Adolescence青春期be supposed to应该companion伴侣，陪伴defend辩解，防御exist存在 Annoyed愤怒的behavior行为construction施工，建筑物deserve值得existence存在 anyhow反正bend弯腰，（使）弯曲content内容go on a diet节食explore探索 Approximately大约branch分支convince使确信dynasty朝代extraordinary不同寻常的Average一般的，普通的belong to属于creature动物downtown市中心entire完全的 Advance前进，预先v.n blank空格，空白的ceremony仪式，典礼desert抛弃，沙漠explode爆炸 Adventure冒险brilliant明亮的character性格，人物，文字desire渴望，愿望expression表达，表情Afterwards后来backwards向后combine组合，（使）联合destination目的地extreme极度的，极端的Altogether总共beard胡须come down with患病dismiss解雇，不予考虑editor编辑 Ancestor祖先beneath在…之下concern关心，v.涉及,使担忧disturb打扰escape逃离v.n apply申请bargain便宜货，讨价还价conclusion结论，推论dusty尘土飞扬的essay论文 appropriate适当的be meant to旨在，目的是consist组成due to因为even if/though虽然，即使arrange安排benefit使受益，益处，奖金convenient方便的declare宣布 F atmosphere大气层，气氛bitter愤愤不平的，严寒的corrupt使腐化vt decorate装饰function起作用，作用astronaut宇航员bonus意外收获，奖金（adj贪污的deed行为，行动failure衰竭，失败astronomer天文学家budget预算court法院，球场destroy毁坏fault过错 accent口音button按钮champion冠军disaster灾难figure体型，数字，人物access进入，通道chief最重要的，主要的，首领distinction区别fond喜爱的 appearance外观 C comment评论，评价n.v. distinguish区分v forbid禁止 aside除…之外challenging具有挑战性的committee委员会drag拖，拉former以前的 attach把…附在…上charge负责，收费compete比赛，竞争delighted愉快的frightened受惊的，害怕的audience观众clinic诊所comprehension理解力determine确定forever永远地 aware意识到的composition作品constant连续发生的disappointed失望的fortune财富，运气 accuse控告，谴责concentrate全神贯注consult咨询fare车费 aim以…为目标confused困惑的contemporary现代的 E firmly坚定地，牢牢地appeal吸引，吸引力contain 包含corporation（大）公司embarrassed尴尬的flee逃避，逃跑 aspect方面，层面curtain窗帘continent洲，大陆equipment设备found兴建 attempt尝试candidate候选人expert专家fade衰落，逐渐消失association社团，关联classic经典的，经典作品enthusiastic热情的fancy精致的，绚丽的，幻想coincidence巧合entrance人口frequent频繁的
2020年苏教(译林版)高一英语必修一Unit 1 School life
2020年苏教（译林版）高一英语必修一Unit 1 School life 一．选择题 1．﹣We must thank you for taking the trouble to cook us a meal．﹣________．（） A．With pleasure B．It doesn't matter C．It was no trouble at all D．By all means 2．﹣Excuse me，where's my room？ ﹣________，please．Your room is on the third floor，sir．（） A．Go there B．Come here C．Get up D．This way 3．________it is to watch a close football game!（） A．What a great fun B．How great fun C．What great fun D．How great a fun 4．Is ________some German friends visited last week？（）A．this school B．this the school C．this school one D．this school where 5．If you don't go there，________．（） A．so will I B．nor do I C．neither shall I D．so do I 6．The radio set _____ last week has been out of order．（）
0.高一英语牛津：上海教材牛津版高一年级英语词汇、短语、翻译(按照单元顺序排列)
高一英语A班20150706-20150817 上海教材牛津版 高一年级英语词汇考点（上册） Unit 1 Body Language I.Words for reading 1.well-dressed 2.glance 3.sigh 4.senior 5.employee 6.prefer https://www.360docs.net/doc/036493311.html,municate 8.gesture 9.expression 10.appearance 11.impression 12.downwards 13.assistance 14.without hesitation 15.remark 16.remind II.Words for more reading 1.eye contact 2.signal 3.hostility 4.boredom 5.confusion 6.maintain 7.consider https://www.360docs.net/doc/036493311.html,ck of https://www.360docs.net/doc/036493311.html,st 10.avoid 11.respect 12.authority 13.in authority 14.concentration 15.subtle 16.stare 17.rude III.Lpts. 1.look up 抬头向上看 2.look up to sb尊敬某人look down on 轻视 3.a well-dressed lady 一位穿着讲 究的女士 4.glance at 瞥一眼 5.greet sb with a smile 用微笑打 招呼 6.a senior employee资深的员工 7.be senior to比…年长的,资深的 8.prefer sth to sth 喜欢…不喜欢.. 9.prefer doing a to doing b喜欢做 a不喜欢做b 10.prefer to do a rather than do b宁 愿做a而不愿做b 11.the way +that 做….的方式， 方法;+in which ;+ /12.more than 超过，不只是，经常 13.more than speaking and listening 不只是 14.gesture 手势 15.expression 表情 16.expression on your face 你的脸 部表情 17.appearance 外貌，外表 18.appear 出现，似乎disappear 消失 19.It appears that….. 似乎，好像 https://www.360docs.net/doc/036493311.html,municate with sb 交流 https://www.360docs.net/doc/036493311.html,municate sth to sb 把（信 息，消息）传递给某人 22.keep up/lose communication with sb 与某人保持/失去联系23.leave/make/ give sb a good
牛津英语必修一课文原文及中文翻译2
M1U1 SCHOOL life in the UK Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me. I was very happy with the school hours in Britain because school starts around 9 a.m. and ends about 3.30 p.m. This means I could get up an hour later than usual as schools in China begin before 8 a.m. On the first day, all of the new students attended an assembly in the school hall. I sat next to a girl whose name is Diane. We soon became best friends. During the assembly, the headmaster told us about the rules of the school. He also told us that the best way to earn respect was to devote oneself to study and achieve high grades. This sounded like my school in China. I had many teachers in the past year. Mr. Heywood , my class teacher, was very helpful. My favorite teacher was Miss Burke—I loved the lessons that she gave in English Literature. In our class there were 28 students. This is about the average size for British schools. We had to move to different classrooms for different classes. We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names. I found the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school, but it was a bit challenging for me at firs t because all the homework was in English. I felt lucky as all my teachers gave me much encouragement and I enjoyed all my subjects: English, History, English Literature, Computer Science, Maths, Science, PE, Art, Cooking and French. My English improved a lot as I used English every day and spent an hour each day reading English books in the library.I usually went to the Computer Club during the lunch break, so I could send e-mails to my family and friends back home for free. I also had an extra French class on Tuesday evenings. Cooking was really fun as I learned how to buy, prepare and cook food. At the end of term we held a class party and we all had to cook something. I was glad that all my classmates were fond of the cake that I made. Students at that school have to study Maths, English and Science, but can stop studying some subjects if they don’t like them, for example, History and French. They can choose other subjects like Art and Computer Science or Languages such as Spanish and German. In the Art class that I took, I made a small sculpture. Though it didn’t look very beautiful when it was finished, I still liked it very much. I missed Chinese food a lot at lunch. British food is very different. British people like eating dessert at the end of their main meal. After lunch, we usually played on the school field. Sometimes I played football with the boys. Sometimes I just relaxed under a tree or sat on the grass. I was very lucky to experience this different way of life. I look back on my time in the UK with satisfaction, and I really hope to go back and study in Manchester again. 在英国的学校生活 在英国上了一年的中学对我来说是一段非常令人愉快和兴奋的经历。我很喜欢英国中学的作息时间，因为学校每天上午大约9点上课，下午大约3点半放学。这意味着我每天可以比以往晚一个小时起床，因为在中国学校每天上午8点之前就开始上课了。 开学第一天，所有的新生都去学校礼堂参加晨会。我当时坐在一个名叫黛安娜的女孩身边：我们很快就成了最要好的朋友。在晨会上，校长向我们宣布了校规。他还告诉我们，赢得尊重 的最佳途径就是专心学习并取得好成绩。这听起来倒是像我在国内就读的学校。 过去的一年里我有过许多老师。海伍德先生，我的班主任，对我的帮助很大。我最喜欢的老师是伯克小姐——我喜爱她教的英国文学课程。我们班上一一共有28个学生。英国中学的班级