新概念英语第三册39课笔记(逐句)

The rough road across the plain soon became so bad that we tried to get Bruce to drive back to the village we had come from. Even though the road was littered with boulders and pitted with holes, Bruce was not in the least perturbed. Glancing at his map, he informed us that the next village was a mere twenty miles away. It was not that Bruce always underestimated difficulties. He simply had no sense of danger at all. No matter what the conditions were, he believed that a car should be driven as fast as it could possibly go. As we bumped over the dusty track, we swerved to avoid large boulders. The wheels scooped up stones which hammered ominously under the car. We felt sure that sooner or later a stone would rip a hole in our petrol tank or damage the engine. Because of this, we kept looking back, wondering if we were leaving a trail of oil and petrol behind us. What a relief it was when the boulders suddenly disappeared, giving way to a stretch of plain where the only obstacles were clumps of bushes. But there was worse to come. Just ahead of us there was a huge fissure. In response to renewed pleadings, Bruce stopped. Though we all got out to examine the fissure, he remained in the car. We informed him that the fissure extended for fifty yards and was two feet wide and four feet deep. Even this had no effect. Bruce went into a low gear and drove at a terrifying speed, keeping the front wheels astride the crack as he followed its zig-zag course. Before we had time to worry about what might happen, we were back on the plain again. Bruce consulted the map once more and told us that the village was now only fifteen miles away. Our next obstacle was a shallow pool of water about half a mile across. Bruce charged at it, but in the middle, the car came to a grinding halt. A yellow light on the dash-board flashed angrily and Bruce cheerfully announced that there was no oil in the engine!

The rough road across the plain soon became so bad that we tried to get Bruce to drive back to the village we had come from.

rough[r?f]adj.粗糙的；粗略的；粗野的；艰苦的；未经加工的vt.使粗糙；粗暴对待；草拟

get sb. to do让某人做某事

Bruce[brus]n.布鲁斯(男名)

穿越平原的道路高低不平，开车走了不远，路面愈加崎岖。我们想劝说布鲁斯把车开回我们出发的那个村庄去。

so…that…引导结果状语从句，so bad说明原因是“路太崎岖”，that引出结果“劝他返回”。

Even though the road was littered with boulders and pitted with holes, Bruce was not in the least perturbed.

litter['l?t?]vt.乱丢；给…垫褥草；把…弄得乱七八糟

boulder['bold?]n.卵石，大圆石；巨砾

pit[pit]vt.使竞争；窖藏；使凹下；去…之核；使留疤痕

in the least一点；丝毫

perturb[p?'t?b]vt.扰乱；使…混乱；使…心绪不宁

尽管路面布满石头，坑坑洼洼，但布鲁斯却一点儿不慌乱。

even though引导让步状语从句，往往先提出一个不利条件，而后经常会出现转机。

Glancing at his map, he informed us that the next village was a mere twenty miles away. inform[?n'f?rm]vt. 通知；告诉；报告vi. 告发；告密

他瞥了一眼地图，告诉我们前面再走不到20英里就是一个村庄。

现在分词短语glancing at his map作时间状语。That引导宾语从句，交代infrom的内容。

It was not that Bruce always underestimated difficulties.

estimate['?st?,met]vi. 估计，估价n. 估计，估价；判断，看法vt. 估计，估量；判断，评价underestimate[?nd?'?st?met]vt.低估；看轻

这并不是说布鲁斯总是低估困难。

that引导表语从句。underestimated difficulty的意思是“低估困难”。

He simply had no sense of danger at all.

而是他压根儿没有一点儿危险感。

simply和at all起强调作用。have no sense of…的意思是“没有…的感觉”。

No matter what the conditions were, he believed that a car should be driven as fast as it could possibly go.

possibly['pɑs?bli]adv.可能地；也许；大概

他认为不管路面情况如何，车必须以最高速度前进。

that引导宾语从句，交代believed的内容。

as fast as it could possibly go的意思是"以最快的速度向前"。

As we bumped over the dusty track, we swerved to avoid large boulders.

bump[b?mp]vi. 碰撞，撞击；颠簸而行vt. 碰，撞；颠簸adv. 突然地，猛烈地

dusty['d?sti]adj.落满灰尘的

track[tr?k]n. 轨道；足迹，踪迹；小道vt. 追踪；通过；循路而行；用纤拉vi. 追踪；走；留下足迹swerve[sw?v]vi.转弯；突然转向；背离

avoid[?'v??d]vt. 避免；避开，躲避；消除

boulder['bold?]n.卵石，大圆石；巨砾

我们在尘士飞扬的道路上颠簸，车子东拐西弯，以躲开那些大圆石。

as在此引导时间状语从句，可以解释为“一边…一边…”。

to avoid large boulders为动词不定式短语，作目的状语。

The wheels scooped up stones which hammered ominously under the car.

scoop[skup]vt.掘；舀取；抢先获得；搜集

scooped up卷起

hammer['h?m?]vi. 锤击；敲打；重复

ominously['ɑm?n?sli]adv.恶兆地；不吉利地

车轮搅起的石块锤击车身，发出不祥的锤击声。

We felt sure that sooner or later a stone would rip a hole in our petrol tank or damage the engine. rip[r?p]vt.撕；锯n.裂口，裂缝

petrol['p?tr?l]n. (英)汽油tank[t??k]n.坦克；水槽；池塘vi.乘坦克行进

petrol tank 汽车油箱

engine['?nd??n]n. 引擎，发动机；机车，火车头；工具

我们想念迟早会飞起一个石块把油箱砸开一个窟窿，或者把发动机砸坏。

that引导宾语从句，交代felt sure的内容。

rip的本意是“撕开”，在此引申为“砸开”。

Because of this, we kept looking back, wondering if we were leaving a trail of oil and petrol behind us.

trail[trel]n. 小径；痕迹；尾部；踪迹

oil[??l]n. 机油；石油；油画颜料vt. 加油；涂油；使融化vi. 融化；加燃油

petrol['p?tr?l]n. (英)汽油

因此，我们不时地掉过头，怀疑车后是否留下了机油和汽油的痕迹。

1:wondering if…是现在分词结构，作伴随状语，其中的if引导宾语从句，说明wondering的内容。

2:keep looking back的意思是“不断地向后看”。

What a relief it was when the boulders suddenly disappeared, giving way to a stretch of plain where the only obstacles were clumps of bushes.

relief[r?'lif]n.救济；减轻，解除；安慰；浮雕

boulder['bold?]n.卵石，大圆石；巨砾

give way to给…让路

stretch[str?t?]vt. 伸展,张开vi. 伸展adj. 可伸缩的n. 伸展，延伸

plain[plen]adj. 平的；简单的；朴素的；清晰的n. 平原；无格式；朴实无华的东西adv. 清楚地；平易地

a stretch of plain一片平原

obstacle['ɑbst?kl]n.障碍，干扰；妨害物

clump[kl?mp]n.丛；笨重的脚步声；土块vt.使成一丛；使凝结成块

bush[b??]n. 灌木；矮树丛vt. 以灌木装饰；使…精疲力竭vi. 丛生；浓密地生长adj. 如灌木般长得低矮的；粗野的

clumps of bushes一簇簇灌木丛

突然大石块不见了，前面是一片平地，唯一的障碍只有一簇簇灌木丛。这使我们长长地松了口气。

But there was worse to come.

但是更糟糕的事情在等着我们。

worse指代“更糟糕的事情”。To come为动词不定式结构，充当worse的后置定语。

Just ahead of us there was a huge fissure.

fissure['fi??]vt.裂开；分裂n.裂缝；裂沟(尤指岩石上的)

离我们不远处，出现一个大裂缝。

just ahead of us充当地点状语。

response to renewed pleadings, Bruce stopped.

response[r?'spɑns]n. 响应；反应；回答

renew[r?'n?]vt. 使更新；续借；复兴；重申vi. 更新；重新开始

plead[plid]vt. 借口；为...辩护；托称vi. 恳求；辩护

renewed pleadings重复的(不断的，一再的)恳求

我们再次央求布鲁斯小心，他这才把车停了下来。

in response to renewed pleadings作原因状语，说明“由于…才停车”。

Though we all got out to examine the fissure, he remained in the car.

fissure['fi??]vt.裂开；分裂n.裂缝；裂沟(尤指岩石上的)

我们纷纷下车察看那个大裂缝，他却呆在车上。

though引导让步状语从句，说明“他对此事的态度”。

We informed him that the fissure extended for fifty yards and was two feet wide and four feet deep.

我们告诉他那个大裂缝长50码，宽2英尺，深4英尺。

that引导宾语从句，是直接宾语，交代informed的内容，him是间接宾语。

Even this had no effect.

effect[?'f?kt]n. 影响；效果；作用vt. 产生；达到目的

这也没有对他产生任何影响。

this指代上句所说的大裂缝的情况。

Bruce went into a low gear and drove at a terrifying speed, keeping the front wheels astride the crack as he followed its zig-zag course.

gear[ɡ?r]n.齿轮；装置，工具；传动装置vt.开动；搭上齿轮；使……适合；使……准备好

go into gear挂档

astride[?'stra?d]prep.跨在…上；在…两旁；跨越(一个地区或时代)adv.跨着；两腿分开着

crack[kr?k]n.裂缝；声变；噼啪声

follow['fɑlo]vt. 跟随；遵循；追求；密切注意，注视；注意；倾听vi. 跟随；接着n. 跟随；追随zag[z?g]n.急转；急变；锯齿形转角vi.急转；急变；急弯

zig[z?g]n.急转；锯齿形转角vi.转弯

course[k?rs]n. 科目；课程；过程；进程；道路；路线，航向；一道菜vt. 追赶；跑过vi. 指引航线；快跑

zig-zag 是z字形，锯齿形的意思

course这里是路线的意思

布鲁斯挂上慢档，把两只前轮分别搁在裂缝的两边，沿着之字形路线，以发疯的速度向前开去。

现在分词短语keeping…作伴随状语。As引导时间状语从句。

也可以这样译: 当他沿着之字形路线行驶的时候，保持裂缝一直在两个前轮之间。

Before we had time to worry about what might happen, we were back on the plain again.

我们还未来得及担心后果，车已重新开上了平地。

before引导时间状语从句，从句中还包含一个宾语从句what might happen,交代worry的内容。

Bruce consulted the map once more and told us that the village was now only fifteen miles away. consult[k?n's?lt]vt.查阅；商量；向…请教

布鲁斯又看了一眼地图，告诉我们那座村庄离我们只有15英里了。

that引导宾语从句，说明told的内容。

Our next obstacle was a shallow pool of water about half a mile across.

obstacle['ɑbst?kl]n. 障碍，干扰；妨害物

shallow['??lo]adj.浅的；肤浅的n.[地理]浅滩vt.使变浅

across[?'kr?s]prep. 穿过；横穿adv. 横过；在对面

下一个障碍是一片约半英里宽的浅水塘。

about half a mile across为介词短语，作后置定语，说明浅水塘的情况。

Bruce charged at it, but in the middle, the car came to a grinding halt.

charge[t?ɑrd?]vt. 使充电；使承担；指责；装载；对…索费；向…冲去

charge at向…冲去

grind[ɡra?nd]vt.磨碎；磨快

grinding['ɡra?nd??]adj. 磨的；刺耳的；令人难以忍受的

halt[h?lt]vi.停止；立定；踌躇，犹豫n.停止；立定；休息

布鲁斯向水塘冲去，但车开到水塘当中，嘎吱一声停住了。

but in the middle作插入语。

A yellow light on the dash-board flashed angrily and Bruce cheerfully announced that there was no oil in the engine!

dash[d??]n. 破折号；冲撞vt. 使…破灭；猛撞；泼溅vi. 猛冲；撞击

dash-board仪表盘

announce[?'na?ns]vt. 宣布；述说；预示；播报vi. 宣布参加竞选；当播音员

仪表盘一盏黄灯闪着刺眼的光芒，布鲁斯兴致勃勃地宣布发动机里没机油了！

angrily本意是“生气地”，在此不可译作“仪表盘生气地闪着灯”，而应引申为“刺眼地闪烁着”。That 引导宾语从句，交代announced的内容。