新概念英语第三册笔记第33课

Lesson 33 A day to remember 难忘的一天

New words and expression 生词和短语

prelude['prelju?d]n. 序幕，前奏

prelude与介词to搭配表示“……的前奏”key/ way/ answer的所有格用to

a prelude to serious trouble 麻烦事的前奏

omen ['??m?n] n. 预兆；征兆什么的征兆the omen of 用的是of

introduction n. 导言，绪论（连to）introduction to the book

preface [?pref.?s] n. 序，前言（连to）foreword n. 序（连to）

preface 指作者或编者为说明全书的目的、范围、编辑方法等在序言之前写的一段简短的序文。introduction 普通用词，指任何作品开头对读者或听众说明或介绍该作品，起引导作用的结论部分，和全书内容是一致的。

Unforeseen [?nf??'si?n] a. 意料之外的

foresee v. 预见，预知（主语是人）

foresee = see before hand / in advance I foresee a bright future for you.

foreseeable a. 可预见的unforeseeable 不可预见的

expected 意料之中的（生活中常用）

foretell v. （普通用词）预言（主语可用人和物）

predict v. 预言，预示（1、语气比foretell强2、主语是人）

He predicts that it would happen in ten years.

forecast v. 预测，预报Timely snow foretells bumper harvest. 瑞雪兆丰年。

Fore前缀表示1、前部的（空间），前面的（时间）2、预先

1、forehead forearm前臂forefinger食指foreword前言（写在〔书〕前面的话→前言）

Forerunner 先驱，先兆forefather祖先foresight 远见

2、foresee forecast foretell forestall阻止（预先制止）

series ['s??ri?z; -r?z] n. 系列

series 单复数同型常见搭配a serie s of

We’ve got a series of good harvest. 我们取得了一连串的大丰收。

chain n. 连串连锁

a chain of 一系列 a chain of reaction a series of reaction

chain store 连锁店chain reaction 连锁反应

succession [s?k'se?(?)n] 一连串，一系列侧重指时间的顺序，强调时间的连续没有间隔开

a succession of failures 一系列的失败We’ve got a succession of successes.

Sequence 一系列; 一连串

series 指按照性质类似或基本相同的关系而安排的一系列事物。

Chain指像链条一样连接在一起的一连串事物，有时彼此间含因果关系。

succession 侧重一些类似的东西或事件一个接一个连续不断。

sequence 多指时间、空间或事件等有规律、合乎逻辑的连续（衔接的次序）。可以是发生的先后顺序，也可以是逻辑顺序。

string （本意是细绳、串）连续不断相似的事件（类似chain）

a string of cars 一连串的汽车

catastrophe [k?'t?str?f?] n.. 大祸，灾难

这个词强调严重，波及范围广的灾难

worldwide ~ 世界范围的灾难national ~ 波及全国的灾难ecological catastrophe生態灾难catastrophic [k?t?'str?f?k] dj. 灾难的；悲惨的

calamity [k?'l?m?t?] n. 灾难（引起損失，可以是方方面面的损失）（官方正式用语）灾难，不幸事件（指令人痛心的，个人或社会的损失，往往指产生持久的广泛忧伤痛苦）eg: nature calamity 自然灾害calamitous [k?'l?m?t?s]adj. 灾难的，悲惨的；不幸的

disaster n. 灾难，不幸（比catastrophe 弱的多，但是用的很广，普通用词，指大破坏、痛苦或伤亡）misfortune n. 不幸普通用词，多批较为严重的不幸，强调不幸多由外界因素所致。

上节课学过a complete failure，在这里换成catastrophe是否合适？不合适，如果因为失误造成损失

crockery['kr?k(?)r?] n. 陶器；瓦器（陶器；瓦器；土器）同义词（earthenware陶器；土器）专八pottery [?p?t?ri] n. 陶器（黏土制成）(尤指手工制的);陶土; （六级）

china 瓷器（白瓷）

suburb['s?b??b]n. 郊区（市郊，郊区；城市边缘）

关于sub前缀的用法：

1．表示下如：subway（地铁）/substructure（下层建筑）/subsoil（下层土）/ subnormal（低于正常的）2．表示次、准、亚如：subtropics（亚热带）/ sub college（准大学）/ sub continent（次大陆）（相对独立，一般指南亚次大陆，印度巴基斯坦，因为喜马拉雅山）

3．表示副、分支、下级、下属如：subeditor（副编辑）/ subagent（副代理人）/subhead （副标题）/ sub office（分办事处）副的associate professor副教授associate director 副导演

4．表示接近的如：subadult（接近成年的）/ sub teen (13以下) / subequal（接近相等的，约等于）5．表示再如：subdivide（再分）/ sublet（转租）/subculture（再培养）

Urb=city urban adj. 城市的，都市的urbanize 城市化urbanization 都市化；文雅化

Rural ['r??r(?)l] adj. 农村的，乡下的；田园的，有乡村风味的

Rustic ['r?st?k] adj. 1、乡村的；2、纯朴的，质朴的；3、粗野的；手工粗糙的n. 乡下人；乡巴佬Downtown a.&ad在市中心，往市中心(尤指商业中心区) n.市中心区;（市中）商业区美式英语Uptown adj.&adv在(或向)市郊住宅区的;市郊住宅区的;富人区的n. 住宅区，远离商业区的市区

Collide[k?'la?d] 猛撞( vi. 碰撞；相抵触，相冲突介词with vt. 使碰撞；使相撞)

Titanic那一课Collision [k?'l??(?)n]n.碰撞

collide vi 碰撞, 抵触（相冲突）-- The plane collided with the mountain.

1、交通工具或人碰撞、相撞或撞上~ (with sth/sb)

2、~ (with sb) (over sth)(formal) (of people, their opinions, etc. 人、意见等) 严重不一致；相冲突；抵触

crash v.坠毁指车辆、飞机等猛烈撞击障碍物、地面等，常伴有毁灭性的后果：（动词和名词性）

-- It is said that there is an airplane that crashed in the mountains.

conflict vi. （两种思想、信仰、说法等）和某事（某人）相抵触（相冲突）-- My idea conflicts with yours.

n 1、[C, U] ~ (between A and B) | ~ (over sth) 冲突；争执；争论

2、（军事）冲突；战斗

clash vi.相冲突-- His wedding clashed with my examination, so I couldn't go.

（以下释义全部都有动词和名词性）

1、（打斗fight）~ (with sb) | ~ (between A and B)（两群人之间的）打斗，打架，冲突

2、（争论argument）~ (with sb) (over sth) | ~ (between A and B) (over sth)

3、（差异difference）差别；差异；分歧（同义词：conflict）

4、（两件事of two events）（时间上的）冲突，矛盾

5、（颜色of colours）不协调；不和谐；搭配不当

collide 多指带毁坏性的猛烈相撞，也可指严重的直接冲突。

conflict 这个词以前可表具体东西的撞击，现在常指冲突或对立。

bump [b?mp]主要指具体东西的有力碰撞，也可指碰到困难或障碍。

clash 指有力的或带有金属碰击声的打、敲或相互冲击。

Learner ['l??n?] 初学者；学习者约等于beginner a quick learner

反义词 a old timer 老手

student 普通用词，可指中学生，但主要指高等学校或专科学校的学生。

learner 通俗用词，指某一门学问上的初学者，尤指成年的初学者。

pupil 特指中小学生，尤其是小学生。

scholar 可指一切学生，尤指学识渊博的某一学科的学者。

panic n. 惊慌，恐慌(n. 恐慌，惊慌adj. 恐慌的vt. 使恐慌vi. 十分惊慌)

panic = uncontrollable quickly spreading fear or terror

get into a panic 陷入惊慌之中He suddenly got into a panic and stopped his car.

be seized by/struck in panic 惊慌失措

He was seized with panic. 他突然地感到惊慌失措。

terror n. 惊骇horror n. 恐惧fright n. 害怕alarm n. 惊恐

alarm 强调突然意识到有危险而产生的恐惧心理。

panic 常指因突如其来的外界威胁使人群出现惊慌、恐惧或混乱。

terror 指极大的恐惧和惊骇，语气最强。

dread 可与fear换用，着重害怕的心理，但dread常指胆怯和丧失勇气。

horror 侧重指因看到令人讨厌或危险的东西或情景而引起的厌恶情绪、极度恐惧心情或战栗的动作。fright 通常指一阵突然的、令人震惊的短暂恐惧，有时含夸张意味。

fear 普通用词，侧重指面临危险或灾祸时内心所引起的恐惧心情。

Windscreen ['w?n(d)skri?n]汽车挡风玻璃windshield 美式

windscreen wiper ['wa?p?] n. 擦拭之物；弧刷；擦拭者；手帕；风挡雨刷；刮水器，雨刷

wipe [wa?p] vt. 擦；消除；涂上vi. 擦；打n. 擦拭；用力打

clean 是这些动词中最常用的词，指将某物或某处的污物等清除掉，弄干净。

dust 指将积落在物体表面的尘土抹去、掸掉或擦去以保干净。

wipe 多指用布、纸等物把东西擦净，也指擦掉某物。

mop 侧重指用拖把擦洗地板，有时也指擦干净或擦去。

sweep 指用扫帚等进行清扫，也用作比喻。

Windfall外快，意外之财

Sunscreen 防晒霜，防晒油

Alongside prep 在…的旁边，与….并排

（prep.在…旁边，沿着…的边；与…一起，与…并肩（工作），合作；与…同时，共存；adv. 在旁边）

Slide [sla?d] 滑slid-slid

（vi 滑动，滑行；悄悄地溜到（快捷而悄声地移动）；下跌，贬值vt 使滑动n. 滑动；滑梯；幻灯片；载玻片）

slide block 滑块；滑架

slide into 不知不觉陷入；不知不觉地沾染上

snowslide 雪崩landslide 山崩mudslide 泥石流

slip 滑倒，摔倒v&n (指不自觉地、非主动地，偶然地滑动)。Slip one’s mind/memory 忘记，忘了

Your name is on the tip of my tongue, but it slipped my mind. 你的名字就在嘴邊，可我就是想不起來。slide 通常多指与光滑表面保持接触并且迅速地连续滑动。

stray [stre?] a. 迷失的，离群的= lost vi. 迷失（通常与介词form 连用）

（vi. 流浪；迷路；走失；adj. 迷路的；离群的n. 走失的家畜；流浪者）

The dog strayed from home. Stray lamb 迷途的羔羊（Bible）The Silence of the Lambs

A stray bullet 流弹

confusion [k?n'fju??(?)n] n. 混乱confusion = condition out of order

词根：confuse

adj.confused 困惑的；混乱的；糊涂的

confusing 混乱的；混淆的；令人困惑的

confusable 可能被混淆的；可能被弄糊涂的

vt.confuse 使混乱；使困惑

in order 秩序井然out of order 混乱

in confusion 乱七八糟fall into confusion 陷入混乱状态

be covered with confusion 局促不安throw sb. into confusion 使某人惊慌失措

chaos 着重指令人无能为力或感到绝望的混乱状态。

disturbance 主要指社会中政治性的动乱、骚乱；也可指个人或少数人的闹事。

mess 语气强，口语中较常用的非正式用词。指既混乱又肮脏，尤指人思想混乱或外表不整洁。confusion 指东西搅混在一起，凌乱得难以辨认；也可指思想混乱，以致无法进行正常的思维活动。

greedily ['gri:dili] 贪婪地（贪婪地，贪吃地）

词根greed 贪婪，贪心

adj.greedy 贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的

n.greediness 贪吃；贪欲；嘴馋

devour [d?'va??] v. 狼吞虎咽地吃

有三种意思：

1. eat like an animal 狼吞虎咽The dog devours the cake.

2. destroy 吞灭，席卷The flame devours the whole building. 火把整幢楼都吞没了

3. take in eagerly with eyes, ears, or mind 贪婪地看、听、读（急切地读，这个意思用的最多，如饥似渴）His eyes devoured the scene. 他两眼贪婪的看着这美丽的风景。

Swallow vt.吞咽；忍受；吞没vi. 吞下；咽下n. 燕子；一次吞咽的量

Text 课文背出全文

首先 a day to remember 不定式作后置定语，有两层用法，可能只表示一种或两种都表示。

1、不定式动词与被修饰的词有谓宾关系，此时要注意，如果不定式动词是不及物，一定要加介词

2、不定式表示的动作时将要发生的动作 a new year to come. A husband to be

3、要注意反射不定式和非反射不定式，反射不定式的逻辑主语为句子的主语，这是反射不定式的定义要求。

一是跟在某些形容词后作状语（此时它的逻辑宾语通常就是句子主语）；The question is difficult to answer. 二是跟在某些名词后作定语（此时它的逻辑宾语通常就是它所修饰的名词）。I have some letters to write. There is nothing to do. 逻辑主语时人There is nothing to be done. 逻辑主语是事

We have all experienced days when everything goes wrong .

我们都曾经历过诸事不利的日子。

All 在这里做副词adv.

when 引导的定语从句修饰days

Every dog has its day. 每个人都有飞黄腾达的日子。

Go the wrong way/ go the right way

A day may begin well enough, but suddenly everything seems to get out of control.

有时一天开始时可能还算顺利，但是突然间一切似乎都不可收拾了。

Well enough注意enough的位置

mad enough to do sth（very）foolish / silly enough to do sth

get out of control = uncontrollable = beyond control 失控=lose control= get out of hand

反义词get into control be under control

对什么的控制用介词of

everything seems to get out of control = everything seems to be uncontrollable / beyond control

What invariably happens is that a great number of things choose to go wrong at precisely the same moment.

事情总是这样发生的：很多事情偏偏在同一时间出乱子。

由what引导的主语从句。

invariably = always

What happened yesterday was that he couldn’t deal with the hot potato. 昨天发生的事就是他没能应付这个棘手的人。

Choose to do sth 选择做某事

precisely = exactly

It is as if a single unimportant event set up a chain of reactions.

似乎一件小事情就会导致一连串的连锁反应。

a chain of reactions = a series of reactions

as if引导的系表结构。因为本身as if表达的意思就是“仿佛，就像”是一种状态，属性

it is as if 似乎看起来

it seems as if 似乎看起来

it looks as if 似乎看起来

set up = cause 引起，导致，造成

What set up the accident / trouble? Smoking sets up a chain of illnesses

set up（= create）创立，建立，创下

set up a world record 创立一个世界记录

The unimportant event is the prelude to trouble. 不重要的事情是麻烦事的前奏。

Trigger off 引起，引发

Led to== Bring about== give rise to== cause

Let us suppose that you are preparing a meal and keeping an eye on the baby at the same time.

让我们假定你正在烧饭，同时又照看着孩子。

let us suppose 让我们来假设一下

supposing== suppose that== let’s say打比方說

keep an eye on the baby 照料孩子

keep an eye on = look after = take care of

Please keep an eye on my house while I am out.

keep one’s eyes open 睁大眼睛

When I am out, please keep your eyes open.

have an eye to （如果用动词have就一定要跟介词to搭配）

have an eye to the baby = keep one’s eyes on the baby

an eye for an eye 以牙还牙

have eyes only for 只要，只爱

I have eyes only for you.

look sb. in the eyes 两眼直视某人

Don’t look me in the eyes. 不要直直地盯着我看。

eye to eye with sb. 与某人看法完全一致

I invariably eye to eye with my sister. 我总是与我的姐姐看法一致。

turn a blind eye to sth. 对……视而不见

He even turns a blind eye to me.

make eyes at sb. 含情脉脉地看着某人

The boy is making eyes at his girlfriend.

The telephone rings and this marks the prelude to unforeseen series of catastrophes.

Mark 标志着The great victory marked the arrival of a new era

be an omen of；be a sign of

While you are on the phone, the baby pulls the table-cloth off the table, smashing half your best crockery and cutting himself in the process.

当你在接电话时，小孩把台布拉了下来，把最好的陶器打碎了一半，同时手又被割破了。

on the phone = answer the phone

注意与介词off搭配的动词词组的意思：

pull off 拉下来pick off 取下来knock off 碰落下来

smash half 摔成两半

in the process 在这个过程中in the process of doing sth

You hang up hurriedly and attend to baby, crockery, etc.(et cetera)[it'setr?] 法语

你连忙挂上电话，去照顾孩子，收拾陶器等等。

hang up = put on the receiver 挂断电话

ring sb up 给某人打电话

be on the phone/line 正在通话

attend to = look after = deal with 照顾，处理

注意attend to 的对象除了人以外，还可以是“商业上的东西”，to deal with business or personal matters To attend to a customer招呼客人

Please attend to my baby. 、。Excuse me, I have something urgent to attend to.

Attend on 侍候He has man servants attending on him.

Wait on 侍候某物或者某人

Meanwhile the meal gets burnt.

meantime （adv.）

in the meantime（n.）

at the same time

I am burnt out (exhausted) 筋疲力尽

A burnt child dreads the fire. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕草繩

As if this were not enough to reduce you to tears, your husband arrives, unexpectedly bringing three guests to dinner.

似乎这一切还不足以使你气恼得流泪，你丈夫回来了，出乎意料地带着三个客人来吃饭。

重点句型。这是个虚拟语气。

reduce you to tears 迫使你流下眼泪

reduce to变少；迫使，使处于，使成为(某种情况或状态)

You almost reduce me to tears. 你快要让我流下眼泪来了。

His comforting words almost reduced his wife to tears.

他安慰的话语让他的妻子几乎掉下了眼泪。

His answer almost reduced me to silence. 他的回答几乎让我沉默了。

The bomb reduced to the city to ruins. 这枚炸弹将这个城市化为废墟。

reduce sb into doing sth

使某人做某事

The desire for power reduced him into embezzling public found. 盗用公款

Embezzle [?m'bez(?)l; em-] vt. 盗用；挪用；贪污

We can draw a conclusion :

Everything seems to get out of control suddenly and a great number of things choose to go wrong at precisely at the moment.

Troubles never come single. 祸不单行。

Things can go wrong on a big scale, as a number of people recently discovered in Parramatta, a suburb of Sydney.

正如许多人最近在悉尼郊区的帕兰马塔见到的那样，搞糟的时期功能可能规模很大。

on a big scale = to a great degree = to great extent

scale [ske?l] n. 规模，范围（its size or extent, especially when it is very big）；比例（比例尺）；鳞；刻度；天平；数值范围vi. 衡量；vt. 测量；刮鳞；依比例决定

on a big / small scale 在很大/小程度上（規模上）注意介词用的是on

on a nation / world wide scale在全國/世界範圍（范围）

as 引导非限定性定语从句

as we know 众所周知

As we know, the earth is round.

As Brane pointed out, giving up smoking is the easiest thing to do in the world.

As the headmaster mentioned, one is never too old to learn.正如这位校长所提及的，活到老，学到老。

as，which都可以引导非限定性定语从句。但as 重点突出整个句子的含义，而which有可能指代主句当

中某个词的含义，也有可能指代整个句子的含义。

As 引导非限定性定语从句，可以用于主句之前，as和主句之间要有一个逗号分隔开来。

As we expected, John was admitted to the university. 正如我们所预料的，John被这所大学入取了。

As 引导非限定性定语从句，也可以用在主句之后，这时就相当于which

She married him, which was unexpected. She married him as was unexpected.

但是在as所引导的非限定性定语从句中，如果运用的是被动语态结构，被动词可以省略。

She married him as unexpected. （was省略）

The material is elastic as shown in the figure. 如图显示，这种材料是富有弹性的。

在这种情况下，shown之前省略了谓语动词，这时就不能把as换成which . 如果要用which 则要补上谓语动词。

The material is elastic, which is shown in the figure.

During the rush hour one evening two cars collided and both drivers began to argue.

一天晚上，车辆最拥挤的时候，两辆车相撞了。两位开车人争论起来。

during the rush hour 上下班的高峰期

the rush hour

peak hour / time

rush-hour traffic

be caught in the rush hour碰塞到車了

The woman immediately behind the two cars happened to be a learner.

原句= it happened that the woman behind the two cars was a learner.

紧跟在两辆车后的那位女士又碰巧是个初学开车的人（实习司机）。

Immediate: 立即的；直接的；最接近的( near, next to ) 一定注意，除了时间上，还可以表示位置上

由最接近的，引申出“紧接的，紧邻的”，都可以表示时间和空间上的

my immediate neighbors 我最近的鄰居immediate contact 直接接觸

the immediate heir to the throne 王位第一继承人an immediate boss 直属上司

heir [e?] n. [法] 继承人；后嗣；嗣子inherit [?n'her?t] vt. 继承；遗传而得

immediate contact 直接接触（重音）外星人，病毒，细菌，辐射radiation [re?d?'e??(?)n]辐射；放射物Chernobyl power plant电厂boron ['b??r?n] plumbum ['pl?mb?m] 铅roentgen ['r?ntj?n]

15000 roentgen（500伦琴是直接射死量）evacuate 疏散

iodine ['a??di?n; -a?n; -?n] 碘（iodine pill）Graphite ['gr?fa?t] 石墨fission 裂变

the neutron are too fast, it’s relatively unlikely that the uranium atoms will ever hit one another ['?t?m]

in RBMK reactor we surround fuel rods with graohite to moderate, slow down, the neutron

trubine ['t??ba?n; -?n] [动力] 涡轮；[动力] 涡轮机，汽轮机blackout 断电

reactor 反应堆 a safety taste pump can not move water through the core, without water the core overheats, the fuel melts down. Solution, three diesel fuel backup generators. But the backup generators took approximately one minute to reach the speed required to power the pumps and prevent a meltdown

uranium fuel 铀燃料spit apart and collide 裂变boron control rods 硼控制棒reduce activity（最根本）positive void coefficient 正空泡系数（水变蒸汽越多反应越快）water cool water takes heat out of the system

xenon uranium breaks down into a new element(裂变成新原子) xenon ruduce reactivity poison the reactor 正常情况运转下，裂变产生的中子。neutron burns the xenon away before it can cause a problem

There are 211 control rods in reactor 4 they completely withdrew 205. Brakes on the car

You press AZ-5 all of the control rods insert at once

But their tips are made of graphite, which accelerates reactivity 在瞬间使反应激增，并被卡住

Endlessly accelerating the reaction.

Reactor 4, designed to operate at 3200 megawatts, went beyond 33000. explode

happen to 恰巧there happens to be…

I happen to hear the news . 我恰巧听说了这个消息。

It happened that I heard about it the day before yesterday. 很凑巧，我是昨天听说这个事的。

She suddenly got into a panic and stopped her car.

This made the driver following her brake hard.

这使得她后面的司机紧急刹车。

Following 现在分词作定语修饰driver

Brake [bre?k] n&vi&vt（使）刹车

Hand brake 手刹Slam on the brake 重踩刹车

Put the brakes on sth给什么来个刹车

Draw up 草拟，起草；停住；draw vt. 画；拉；吸引

Pull up 靠边停车

His wife was sitting beside him holding a large cake.

As she was thrown forward, the cake went right through the windscreen and landed on the road.

当她由于惯性向前一冲的时候，蛋糕被甩出了挡风玻璃，落到马路上。

Be thrown forward/backward 身体向前冲，向后冲

Throw a party (hold a party) bachel or party 学士，单身汉master 硕士 a baby shower.送礼会

Throw suspicion/ doubt on sb/sth

Throw a look/ glance/ smile at sb

副词right作状语，刚刚，正好，相当于straight

Seeing a cake flying through the air, a lorry-driver who was drawing up alongside the car, pulled up all of a sudden.

一个货车司机正在超车上来，看到一块蛋糕从空中掠过，于是他把车刹住。

Seeing 现在分词做伴随状语

draw up = pull up 停车

all of sudden = suddenly

The lorry was loaded with empty beer bottles and hundreds of them slid off the back of the vehicle and on to the road.

这辆货车满载着空啤酒瓶，几百只瓶子从车子后面滑到了地上。

was loaded with = was filled with

vehicle这里指的是truck，lorry

on to the road 这里的用法是and连接并列成分，slid off和slid on 继续滑

walk on drive on

This led to yet another angry argument.

这又导致了另外一次激烈的争吵。

lead to = cause 导致

yet 还(尤用以强调令人意外或吃惊的事物) [强调]

adv. 还；但是；已经conj. 但是；然而

Meanwhile, the traffic piled up behind.

同时后面的车辆全停下了，堵塞了交通。

meanwhile = at the same time = at the same moment = in the meantime 与此同时

it took the police nearly an hour to get the traffic on the move again.

警察花了近一个小时才使交通重新通畅。

get the traffic on the move 使得车辆开动起来

on the move = move from place to place 在移动之中（介词on和动词搭配表示处于某种状态或者某种动作正在进行之中）

on the rise 正在上升on the boil 正在沸腾on the go 正在忙碌中

on the watch 正在监视中on the turn 正在转变中on the run 正在逃跑中

on the fly 正在飞行中on the increase 正在增加on the decrease 正在减少

on the air 在直播中

In the meantime, the lorry- driver had to sweep up hundreds of broken bottles.

Sweep up 扫干净，清理干净

Only two stray dogs benefited from all this confusion, for they greedily devoured what was left of the cake. 只有两条野狗从一片混乱中得到好处，因为他们贪婪地吞噬了剩下的蛋糕。

benefit from 从……得益You can benefit a lot from your reading.

Benefit 也可做vt 表示使受益，benefit sb

It was just one of those days!

结合语境，特指，好的或者坏的

The domino effect 多米诺效应

The Butterfly Effect 蝴蝶效应

Multiple choice questions 多项选择

1．C

2．B 省略as的虚拟条件句

As there had been a more experienced driver behind the two cars. 假如在这两辆车后面是一位有经验的司机3．A

4．B

that is…是定语从句修饰event

a single unimportant event

that is of no importance是修饰event，而set up是整个句子的谓语部分

any 修饰形容词，一般是比较级，原级一般只有different isn’t any different from another one

5．D

典型的现在分词做状语。为了使现在分词做状语比较明确，可以在现在分词前面加上while

6．A 首先already是完成时的标志，第二did和already would和already矛盾7．A 如果介词短语提前到句子前面，那么句子必须采用倒装形式

8．C spending (time) doing sth.

9．C and连接的前后两个词相呼应watch it 留心，注意

10．B

get into a panic 陷入慌乱之中in panic 在恐慌（惧）中

in terror 在恐慌（惧）中in fear 在恐慌（惧）中in horror 在恐慌（惧）中11．A

slid over 躲过He slid over the question without answering it.

slip off 滑落

12．D 剩余的蛋糕

remain表示所剩余的部分，除此以外也表示遗体，遗址。

C选项leftover通常采用复数形式leftovers，表示吃剩的东西。

The leftovers of the meal were fed to the dog.