(完整版)裕兴新概念英语第三册笔记29
Lesson 29 Funny or not? 是否可笑？
New words and expressions 生词和短语
largely adv. 在很大程度上comic adj. 喜剧的，可笑的universal adj. 普通的comedian n. 滑稽演员，喜剧演员distasteful adj. 讨厌的pester v. 一再要求，纠缠
dread v. 惧怕recovery n. 康复
plaster n. 熟石膏console v. 安慰，慰问
hobble v. 瘸着腿走compensate v. 补偿
mumble v. 喃喃而语
★universal adj. 普遍的
eg：Love , a topic of universal interest. 爱情事人们普遍感兴趣的话题。
a universal truth 放之四海皆成的真理
eg：It is a universal truth that you think of nothing else if you don’t things if you do.
这是个普遍真理：没钱的时候你想的只有它，而一但有了钱，你就会想其它。universal suffrage 普选权
be of universal significance 广泛的意义
universally adv.
It is universally true that…
★distasteful adj. 讨厌的、让人倒胃口的、难吃的
a distasteful story
eg：It is distasteful to me to say so. 我很不愿意这么说。
a distasteful task / medicine 难完成的任务/难吃的药
★recovery n. 康复
eg：Make a quick recovery from the influenza. 感冒之后很快就好了。
economic recovery / resurgence 经济复苏/复兴
recover program：a course of treatment for people who are addicted to drugs or alcohol 康复疗程（针对吸毒成瘾或酗酒的人）
★console v. 安慰，慰问
to make someone feel better when they are feeing sad or disappointed console sb with sth 用…来安慰某人
eg：The doctor consoled the little boy with the promise he would go back home to celebrate Christmas Day.
医生安慰小男孩并许诺他可以回家过圣诞节。
console oneself with…聊以自慰，以…自我安慰
eg：No matter how hard I tried to repair my computer, it refused to work. But I still consoled myself with the thought that even thee specialized may not put it right.
condole v. 吊唁
eg：Peter wrote to condole with his friend on his mother’s death.
Peter写信给他的朋友对他母亲的过世表示慰问。
solace v. （文雅的表达方式）
eg：He solaced himself with a book. 他从书中得到慰藉。
consolation n.
a word of consolation 一句安慰的话
consolatory adj.
a consolatory letter 安慰信；booby prize 安慰奖
★hobble v. 瘸着腿走
to walk with difficulty, especially as a result of an injury to your leg or feet hobble along 一瘸一拐地走
limp adj. / n. v.
adj. （not firm or strong）无力的
limp body
n. walk with a limp 跛行
v. limp to school 一瘸一拐去上学
lame adj. / v. （because of injury）
go / become lame致瘸了；lame duck 无能的人
cripple n./ v.四肢残疾
an offensive word for somebody who is physically unable to use their arms or legs properly
the disabled / handicapped 无能力者、残废者/ 残疾人
the deaf and dumb 聋哑人
★compensate for v. 补偿
eg：His rise in status more than compensate for his loss of money.
eg：Only when you lose your health can you realize that nothing can compensate for it.
只有到失去健康时，你才能意识到健康无以弥补。
make up for
eg：Beauty can never make up for stupidity.愚蠢是无法靠美貌来弥补的。atone（for）v.：
to do sth to show that you are sorry for having done sth wrong
弥补过失、赎罪
eg：Dimitri atoned for his behavior to make a hundred and one apologies. Dimitri为自己的鲁莽行为而向他深表歉意。
★mumble v. 喃喃而语
to say something too quietly and not clear enough so that it is difficult or impossible to hear 声音太小或听不清楚
murmur v.：to say something in a soft low voice which is difficult to hear （清柔低沉的声音）喃喃
eg：The shy girl murmured thanks.害羞的小女孩轻轻地说了声谢谢。
a murmuring brook 溪水潺潺
mutter v. 生气或抱怨而低声说
eg：Students mutter continually about having too much homework.
学生们抱怨说家庭作业太多。
【Text】
What is the basis of ‘sick’ humour?
Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up. The sense of humour is mysteriously bound up with national characteristics. A Frenchman, for instance, might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke. In the same way, a Russian might fail to see anything amusing in a joke which would make an Englishman laugh to tears.
Most funny stories are based on comic situations. In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal appeal. No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplin's early films. However, a new type of humour, which stems largely from America, has recently come into fashion. It is cal1ed' sick humour '. Comedians base their jokes on tragic situations like violent death or serious accidents. Many people find this sort of joke distasteful. The following example of 'sick humour' will enable you to judge for yourself.
A man who had broken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks before Christmas. From the moment he arrived there, he kept on pestering his doctor to tell him when he would be able to go home. He dreaded
having to spend Christmas in hospital. Though the doctor did his best, the patient's recovery was slow. On Christmas day, the man still had his right leg in plaster. He spent a miserable day in bed thinking of all the fun he was missing. The following day, however, the doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good. The man took heart and, sure enough, on New Year's Eve he was able to hobble along to a party. To compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, the man drank a little more than was good for him. In the process, he enjoyed himself thoroughly and kept telling everybody how much he hated hospitals. He was still mumbling something about hospitals at the end of the party when he slipped on a piece of ice and broke his left leg.
参考译文
我们觉得一则笑话是否好笑，很大程度取决于我们是在哪儿长大的。幽默感与民族有着神秘莫测的联系。譬如，法国人听完一则俄国笑话可能很难发笑。同样的道理，一则可以令英国人笑出泪来的笑话，俄国人听了可能觉得没有什么可笑之处。
大部分令人发笑的故事都是根据喜剧情节编写的。尽管民族不同，有些滑稽的情节却能产生普遍的效果。比如说，不管你生活在哪里，你看查理.卓别麟的早期电影很难不发笑。然而，近来一种新式幽默流行了起来，这种幽默主要来自美国。它被叫作“病态幽默”。喜剧演员根据悲剧情节诸如暴死，重大事故等来编造笑话。许多人认为这种笑话是低级庸俗的。下面是个“病态幽默”的实例，你可据此自己作出判断。
圣诞节前几周，某人摔断了右腿被送进医院。从他进医院那一刻时，他就缠住医生，让医生告诉他什么时候能回家。他十分害怕在医院过圣诞。尽管医生竭力医治，但病人恢复缓慢。圣诞节那天，他的右腿还上着石膏，他在床上郁郁不乐地
躺了一天，想着他错过的种种欢乐。然而，第二天，医生安慰他说，出院欢度新年的可能性还是很大的，那人听后振作了精神。果然，除夕时他可以一瘸一拐地去参加晚会了。为了补偿住院这一段不愉快的经历，那人喝得稍许多了一点。在晚会上他尽情娱乐，一再告诉大家他是多么讨厌医院。晚会结束时，他嘴里还在嘟哝着医院的事，突然踩到一块冰上滑倒了，摔断了左腿。
★Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up.
我们觉得一则笑话是否好笑，很大程度取决于我们是在哪儿长大的。
※bring sb up 在那里长大
raise 扶养长大：
eg：The mother raised ten kids all her life.
nurse v. 哺育
eg：The mother cat refused to nurse the kittens.母猫坚决不给小猫喂奶。rear 养；rear a large family 养活一家人
foster v. 养育; 培养; 抚育
：to take a child into your family for a period of time but without becoming his / her legal parents （非法律意义上的）单纯的认养
foster father / mother 干爸/ 干妈
adopt ：v. 采取; 吸收; 采纳; 过继, 收养（通过正常的法律来抚养）
to legally make another person’s kid part of your family 领养
adoptive father / mother 养爸/ 养妈
adopt son / daughter 养子/女
god-father 教父；god-mother 教母
※whether
虽然从属连词whether 与if 意义相同，但当引导主语从句时，必须用whether，
而不能用if.
eg：Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seen.
到底他带给我们的是好还是坏还是个未知数。
whether 引导的从句也可做介词宾语（但if不行）
eg：It all depends on whether they have received good education.
这完全取决于她们是否受良好的教育。
引起不定是短语（也不能用if 替代）
eg：I don’t know whe ther to accept or refuse.
whether by accident or design不知是有意还是无意
eg：Whether by accident or design, he is always there whenever I’m in need.不知是有意还是无意，在我还需要帮助的时候，他总会出现。
whether or not 是否
eg：I can’t decide whether or not to return home.我还不能决定是否回家。※depend on 依赖，依赖
to need support, help of somebody
eg：Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, while the behavior of animals largely depends on instinct.
人的行为主要是学习的产物，而动物则更多依赖于本能。
eg：The country depends heavily on its tourist trade.
该国主要是依赖旅游业的收入。
rely on sb/ sth ：to trust somebody to do what you need or expect them to do 相信、信赖
eg：He is not a person you can rely on. 他不是个依赖的依赖的人。
it depends / that depends：to say you cannot give a definite answer
这都难说，的看情况
eg：It failure a good thing or a bad one？
The answer depends on who does it. 因人而异。仁者见仁，智者见智
★The sense of humour is mysteriously bound up with national characteristics. 幽默感与民族有着神秘莫测的联系。
※the sense of humor
the sense of responsibility / shame / priority / inferiority
责任感/ 羞耻感/优越感/ 自卑感
※be bound up with 与…密切相关
→to be closely connected with something
eg：People’s living standard is bound up with the prosperity of the country.人民的生活水平同该国的繁荣昌盛息息相关。
eg：The future of a nation is bound up with the education of the young. 一个国家的未来同年轻人所受的教育是分不开的。
be bound to do 一定的，免不了
eg：On our road ahead, we are bound to meet with difficulties.
在我们前进的道路上注定了逃不了的困难。
be bound up in：be busy with
eg：She is bound up in her new job. 她现在正忙于自己的新工作。
abound v. to exist in large numbers充满、富于
abound with/ abound in
eg：The garden abounds with sails after a heavy shower.
一场大雨后，花园里许多蜗牛。
※characteristic n. 特性、典型、个性
notional characteristic 民族特性
eg：A national characteristic of Chinese is self-contain.
中华民族的民族特性之一是独立自主。
character 个性特色、性格、质量
a man of good and noble character 一个有高尚人格的人
humor n. 体液（学者认为这种液体会影响性格）性格、性情、幽默
★A Frenchman, for instance, might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke. In the same way, a Russian might fail to see anything amusing in a joke which would make an Englishman laugh to tears.
譬如，法国人听完一则俄国笑话可能很难发笑。同样的道理，一则可以令英国人笑出泪来的笑话，俄国人听了可能觉得没有什么可笑之处。
※find it hard to laugh at…
fail to see anything amusing in……
★Most funny stories are based on comic situations. In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal appeal. No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplin's early films.
大部分令人发笑的故事都是根据喜剧情节编写的。尽管民族不同，有些滑稽的情节却能产生普遍的效果。比如说，不管你生活在哪里，你看查理.卓别麟的早期电影很难不发笑。
※national differences 民族的不同，民族差异
time / temperature differences 时差/温差
differential n. （收入）差额
scissors differential 剪刀差（成品国向原料输出国倾销成品）
※Charlie Chaplin
Background notes：
Charlie Chapin （1889-1977）, a British film actor and director who worked mainly in the U.S. on humorous silent films during the 1920s. He usually appeared as a humorous character who has a small moustache, a bowler hat and a walking stick and who walked in a funny way with the backs of his
feel together and his toes pointing out to the sides. His first film was Modern Times. And also there are a lot of other famous ones, such as City Lights, The Great Dictator, The Gold Rush.
★However, a new type of humour, which stems largely from America, has recently come into fashion.
然而，近来一种新式幽默流行了起来，这种幽默主要来自美国。
※however 语篇标志词，预示内容的出现。
※stem from 源于：to have something as an origin
eg：His strong sense of inferiority stems from his unfortunate childhood. 他强烈的自卑感源自悲伤的童年。
eg：Correct decisions stem from correct judgment.
正确的决定源自正确的判断。
derive from：to come from something else 由…派生出来的
eg：Thousands of English words are derived from Latin and French.
成千上万个英文是由拉丁语和法语派生出来的。
※come into fashion 流行起来
come into being / come into existence 开始存在（形成）
come into effect / force 开始生效
come into power / office 开始执政，就职
come into operation / flowers 开始运行/开花
come into a large fortune 继承一笔财产
★it is cal1ed' sick humour '.它被叫作“病态幽默”。
※sick humor 病态幽默
cold humor 冷幽默
★Comedians base their jokes on tragic situations like violent death or serious accidents. I Many people find this sort of joke distasteful. The following example of 'sick humour' will enable you to judge for yourself. 喜剧演员根据悲剧情节诸如暴死，重大事故等来编造笑话。许多人认为这种笑话是低级庸俗的。下面是个“病态幽默”的实例，你可据此自己作出判断。
※judge sth for oneself 自己判断
judge sb / sth from / by sth以…来评价，判断
eg：Don’t judge a person by his appearance. 不可以貌取人。
＝eg：Don’t judge a book by its cover.
★A man who had broken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks before Christmas. From the moment he arrived there, he kept on pestering his doctor to tell him when he would be able to go home.
圣诞节前几周，某人摔断了右腿被送进医院。从他进医院那一刻时，他就缠住医生，让医生告诉他什么时候能回家。
※from the moment（that）自从这一刻开始
eg：From the moment he caught sight of her, he found it hard to forget her smiling face. 自从见到他的那一刻开始起，他就发现很难忘记他的笑容。
for the moment / time being / present 眼下、暂时
★He dreaded having to spend Christmas in hospital.
他十分害怕在医院过圣诞。
※dread v. 厌恶、害怕、担心
dread doing / to do sth
eg：At the thought that I’m going to have an interview tomorrow, I begin to dread. 一想到明天有一场面试我就担心害怕。
eg：He dreads to fly. 他怕乘飞机。
dread to think / dread to see 不愿想/不愿看到
eg：I dread to see him fail. 我不愿看到他失败。
★Though the doctor did his best, the patient's recovery was slow. On Christmas day, the man still had his right leg in plaster.
尽管医生竭力医治，但病人恢复缓慢。圣诞节那天，他的右腿还上着石膏，
※at Christmas 圣诞节期间
on Christmas Day 圣诞节（那天）
※plaster n.熟石膏
have a leg / an arm in plaster 脚/手上着石膏
plaster cast 石膏模（正骨）
get defeated ＝be defeated惨败
eg：I dreaded to think that our football team really got plastered last week. 我不愿提我们的足球队上星期时在输的很惨。
have stitches 缝合
have 3 stitches in his left leg
have sb in stitches：make sb laugh
eg：The sketches has us in stitches.小品真是笑死我们了。
★He spent a miserable day in bed thinking of all the fun he was missing. 他在床上郁郁不乐地躺了一天，想着他错过的种种欢乐。
※spend time doing ：to pass or to use度过、用了
it takes sb sometime to do sth
in order to do sth to need time, or effort 为了某事而须花费时间精力
eg：We spent 3 days traveling there. 我们花了三天在那里旅游。
eg：It took us 2 days to get there.
★The following day, however, the doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good.
然而，第二天，医生安慰他说，出院欢度新年的可能性还是很大的，那人听后振作了精神。
※chance 可能性（possibility）
stand a good / fair chance of 很有可能
eg：The following day will stand a good chance of being sunnt.
明天可能是个好天。
eg：Be nice to nerds. Chance are you’ll end working for one. （Bill Gates）待那些小人物好些，到头来有可能你还会为她们打工。
have every chance to do sth 完全可能
eg：I dread to think that we have every chance to lose the game.
我不愿意去想我们完全可能失败。
have a fighting chance
have a small but real chance of success if a great effort can be made eg：We know that there will be fighting chance for us to win our bitter enemy.我们知道会和我们的老对手之间有一拼。
※in time for：early or soon enough刚好来的及
eg：I was just in time for the train.
※in time 久而久之
eg：Don’t worry , things will be looking up to you time！
※in time 及时
eg：A stitch in time saves 9.
in the course of time 时光流逝、岁月流逝
with the lapse of time 时光仍荏苒
as time passes by
as the time turns the page
★The man took heart and, sure enough, on New Year's Eve he was able
to hobble along to a party. To compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, the man drank a little more than was good for him.
果然，除夕时他可以一瘸一拐地去参加晚会了。为了补偿住院这一段不愉快的经历，那人喝得稍许多了一点。
※take heart 振作精神、恢复信心
recover confidence
cheer up
life one’s spirits精神为之一振
eg：That good news surely lifted my spirits.
※than 后省略了主语what
The man drank a little more than （what）was good for him.
eg：In order to keep fit, you oughtn’t to eat more than is good for you.
为了保持健康，您不应该吃的太多。
eg：I have done more than is required. 我做的比要求多。
★In the process, he enjoyed himself thoroughly and kept telling everybody how much he hated hospitals. He was still mumbling something about hospitals at the end of the party when he slipped on a piece of ice and broke his left leg.
在晚会上他尽情娱乐，一再告诉大家他是多么讨厌医院。晚会结束时，他嘴里还在嘟哝着医院的事，突然踩到一块冰上滑倒了，摔断了左腿。
1. Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up.
我们觉得一则笑话是否好笑，很大程度取决于我们是在哪儿长大的。
※depend on 依赖，依赖
to need support, help of somebody
eg：Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, while the behavior of animals largely depends on instinct.
人的行为主要是学习的产物，而动物则更多依赖于本能。
eg：The country depends heavily on its tourist trade.
该国主要是依赖旅游业的收入。
rely on sb/ sth
eg：He is not a person you can rely on. 他不是个依赖的依赖的人。
it depends / that depends：to say you cannot give a definite answer
这都难说，的看情况
eg：It failure a good thing or a bad one？失败是好事害就见仁见智。
The answer depends on who does it. 因人而异。仁者见仁，智者见智
2. ★However, a new type of humour, which stems largely from America, has recently come into fashion.
然而，近来一种新式幽默流行了起来，这种幽默主要来自美国。
eg：His strong sense of inferiority stems from his unfortunate childhood. 他强烈的自卑感源自悲伤的童年。
eg：Correct decisions stem from correct judgment.
正确的决定源自正确的判断。
derive from：to come from something else 由…派生出来的
eg：Thousands of English words are derived from Latin and French.
成千上万个英文是由拉丁语和法语派生出来的。
1. Meet one’s Waterloo（Napolen was defeated at the battle of Waterloo in 1815）
to get one’s failure after being very successful in the past.
eg：The old lady who used to be a famous actress met her Waterloo and
was left in the cold.
2. He who laughs at crooked men should need walk very straight.
笑别人背驼就得自己挺胸走路。
To get one’s failure after being very successful in the past
eg：The old lady who used to be a famous actress met her Waterloo and was left in the cold.
4. , for instance, might find it hard to … (ll.3-4)
a. The French
b. A French
c. A man in Frnace （法国有那么一个人）
d. If you were French （缺少主语）
9. Though the doctor …
a. worked very well
b. could not have been better
c. was extremely skilled
d. did all he could
try one’s best / done’s best 竭尽全力
12. He was still mumbling something at the end …
a. in the same way
b. to the same effect
c. of common sense
d. of some sort
in the same way 强调使用相同的方式
(完整版)裕兴新概念第一册学习笔记(113-114)
Lesson 103 The French test 法语考试 New Words and expressions 生词和短语 exam (examination) n. 考试 pass v. 及格,通过mathematics (maths是缩写) n. 数学 question n. 问题 easy adj. 容易的 enough adv. 足够地 paper n. 考卷 fail v. 未及格,失败 answer v. 回答 mark n. 分数 rest n. 其他的东西 difficult adj. 困难的 hate v. 讨厌 low adj. 低的 cheer v. 振作,振奋 guy n. 家伙.人 top n. 上方,顶部 exam n. 考试(examination 较为正式一些) eg. He is a good student. He usually gots over 80 points in
any exam. 他是个好学生,他任何考试通常都在80分以上. an entrance exam／an entrance examination 入学考试 a midterm exam／a midterm examination 期中考试 a final exam／a final examination 期末考试 take an exam／take an examination 参加考试 pass an exam／pass an examination 考试及格／通过考试 fail an exam／fail an examination 考试不及格 cheat in an exam／cheat in an examination 考试作弊 test (专项技能的)考试 driving test 驾照考试 pass 1) v. 及格.通过 eg. Only ten students passed the examination. 只有十名学生通过了考试.
裕兴新概念英语第三册笔记第三课课文讲解
裕兴新概念英语第三册笔记第三课课文讲解 老猴子咬菜根学习交流 Lesson 3 An unknown goddess 无名女神 Some time ago, and interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. Houses -- often three storeys high -- were built of stone. They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls. The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets. The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century . until Roman times. In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century . It's missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century . This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity. 1. Some time ago, and interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. 不久之前，在爱琴海的基亚岛上，考古工作者有一项有趣的发现。 make a discovery 做出发现 make a name for oneself 出名 make history 创造历史 make a noise 名噪一时 eg. Ben Laden really made a noise by . 本·拉登通过事件名噪一时。make a dent: to make a first step towards success in something 取得初步的、有效的进展；奏效 eg. Chinese open-up policy has made a dent. 中国的改革开放政策已经初见成效。 Aegean [i:'d?i:?n] n.爱琴海（地中海的一部分,在希腊同土耳其之间）The Aegean sea lies between Greece and Turkey, part of Mediterranean Sea.主题句：为典型的记叙文开头句 记叙文的文体特点：时间、地点、人物、事件。并按事件发生的时间、空间顺序描写，把握住其特征，就能轻松应对文章的理解。 Time: some time ago
新概念英语第四册笔记-完整版
L1 Finding fossil man We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas----legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. New words and expressions recount /ri'kaunt/ v.叙述 / ' rei'kaunt/ 再数一次 record / ' rek[d/ /ri' kC:d/ 第一个音节带重音，名前动后 叙述：recount : emotionless 重复 describe depict： a little emotional narrate： temporal&spacial 根据时间或空间顺序描述。 portray：描述 saga /'sa:g[/ n.英雄故事描述的内容mostly real 北欧海盗活动的故事 legend /'ledV[nd/ n.传说，传奇 unreal e.g robin hood anthropologist/ 'AnWr['pCl[dVist/ n.人类学家 anthrop：人 philosophere :philo＋sopher|爱＋智慧＝哲学家 philanthropist : 慈善家（对人有爱心的人） anthropology :人类学 带-gy结尾的都是学科：biology 生物学 geography 地理学 ecology 生态学 remote/ ri'm[ut/ n.遥远 ancestor / 'Ansest[/ n.祖先 an- 在前面 forefather,forebear ，predecessor祖先 rot/ rCt/ v.烂掉 leave me rot.＝leave me along rot to death. soon ripe,soon rotten. decay 国家民族逐渐衰亡 decompose 逐渐衰竭 deteriorate关系逐渐恶化 trace /treis/ n.痕迹，踪迹 trace the problem i follow your trace＝i follow where you go polynesia 波利尼西亚 poly-多 polyandric: a wife with more than one husband polygeny : a husband with more than one wife flint /flint/ n.燧石 flinting hearted fossil / ' fCsl/ n. 化石 cobble 鹅卵石 read of 读到 谈到：speak of ,talk of ,know of,hear of near east：近东 mediterranean, south europe,north afric far east 非限定性从句，表原因 oral(spoken) language is earlier than written language. precede :什么在什么之前，不用比较，直接跟名词 counterpart: two things or two people have the same position oral(spoken) language is earlier than written counterpart. preserve: 保留，保存（腌制） 如果句中有only，那后面的表语结构就要用to do sth,而不是doing sth. storyteller: 讲故事的人 fortuneteller, palmreader: 算命先生 migration ：移民１）migrant ２）immigrant v. migrate:迁移，迁徙 migratory bird:候鸟 none: no body people＋s 民族 if they had any: 即便是有 his relatives,if he had any,never went to visit him when he was hospitalized. find out千方百计，费尽周折＝explore modern men :the men who were like ourselves however－anywhere you want ,加逗号 but,yet－不加标点，only at the beginning of the sentence therefore－自由
新概念英语第四册原文翻译详细笔记
Finding fossil man 发现化?石?人 Why are legends handed down by storytellers useful? We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. 读到flint 打?火?石anthropomorphic ?人格 化拟1anthropo ?人类 的让步?一?一trace back date back read of read about a trace of ?一些
裕兴新概念学习笔记 第一册(49-50)
Lesson 49 At the butcher's 在肉店New Words and expressions 生词和短语 butcher n. 卖肉的 meat n. ( 食用)肉 beef n. 牛肉 lamb n. 羔羊肉 husband n. 丈夫 steak n. 牛排 mince n. 肉馅.绞肉 chicken n. 鸡 tell v. 告诉 truth n. 实情 either adv. 也（用于否定句）butcher n. 卖肉的人, 屠夫 meat n. (食用) 肉(不可数名词) eg. Mr. Green likes meat very much. 格林先生非常喜欢吃肉. Do you eat meat every day? 你每天都吃肉吗? Yes, I do./ No, I don't. 是的./不. beef n. 牛肉(不可数名词)
eg. There isn't any beef on the plate. 盘子中没有什么牛肉. My parents don't like beef. 我的父母不喜欢吃牛肉. lamb n. 羔羊肉,小羊肉 eg. I don't like lamb. 我不喜欢吃羔羊肉. He doesn't like lamb, either. 他也不喜欢羔羊肉. husband n. 丈夫 wife n. 妻子 spouse n. 夫妻 bride n. 新娘 groom n. 新郎fiancee n. 未婚妻fiance n. 未婚夫girlfriend n. 女朋友boyfriend n. 男朋友 steak n. 牛排 steak rare 三分熟steak medium 半熟 steak well-done 全熟
裕兴新概念英语第一册笔记：Lesson 68 What's the time
Lesson 68 What's the time? New words and expressions： church n. 教堂 dairy n. 乳品店 baker n. 面包师傅 grocer n. 食品杂货商 church n．教堂 temple 寺庙、神殿 dairy n. 乳制品贩卖店 baker n．面包商、面包师傅 at the baker's (shop) 在面包店里 bakery 面包店、面包厂 grocer n．食品杂货商人、杂货店店主 at the grocer's 在食品店里 grocery 食品杂货店 Exercise A： 1.I was at / church on Sunday. 2. I was at the office on Monday. 3．My son was at / school on Tuesday.
4. My wife was at the butcher's on Wednesday. 5. She was at the grocer's on Thursday. 6. My daughter was in the country on Friday. 7．I was at / home on Saturday. Exercise B： he / church / Sunday When was he at church? He was at church on Sunday. 1. Tom/ the hairdresser's / Thursday When was Tom at the hairdresser's? He was at the hairdresser's on Thursday. 2. Mrs. Jones / the butcher's/ Wednesday When was Mrs. Jones at the butcher's? She was at the butcher's on Wednesday. 3. he / home / Sunday When was he at home? He was at home on Sunday. 4. Penny/ the baker's / Friday When was Penny at the baker's? She was at the baker's on Friday. 5. Mrs. Williams / the grocer's / Monday When was Mrs. Williams at the grocer's?
新概念英语第一册笔记(完整版)
新概念英语第一册 笔记完整版 ?1）v. 原谅 ?eg. Excuse me. 请原谅，劳驾。 2）n. 借口 ?eg. It?s an excuse. ?me pron. 我（宾格:用来做宾语的。）?eg. He loves me. 他爱我. ?eg. She cheats me. 他骗我. ?eg. Please tell me. 他告诉我. Excuse me 的用法 这个短语经常被译作“对不起”，但它并不表示你有什么过错，而是说你要打搅别人，所以常被译作“劳驾”。 1）为了要引起别人的注意 ?eg. Excuse me. Is this you handbag? 2）要打扰某人或要打断别人话 ?eg. Excuse me . May I ask you a question? 3) 向陌生人问路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station? 4) 向某人借东西 ?eg. Excuse me. Can I borrow your pen? 5) 需要从别人身边挤过或让别人给自己让路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please make some room for me? 6) 要求在宴席或会议中途中离开一会儿eg. Excuse me. May I lease for a little while? ?sorry 用于当你做错事而向别人道歉的时候，表示“对不起”。 1）请问几点了？ ?eg. Excuse me. What time is it? 2) 不小心把水弄到了别人的身上。 ?eg. Sorry. 或者 I?m sorry! 3) 对不起，我先失陪一下 ?eg. Excuse me. 4) 误解了别人的意思 ?eg. Sorry. ?yes 1)adv. 是的（对一般疑问句的肯定回答）?eg. Are you mad? --Yes, I am. 2)经常用于应答，表示“什么事”。 ?eg. Excuse me? 请问/劳驾？ ---Yes? 什么事？ ?is v. be 动词现在时第三人称单数 ?be : is am are ?is 用于单数名词或单数第三人称代词。 ?eg. He is a student. 他是一个学生。 ?eg. That?s an egg. 那是一个鸡蛋。（That?s= That is） ?eg. This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。 ?your 你的，你们的（物主代词后面加名词）?your key 你的钥匙 ?eg. This is your key. 这是你的钥匙。 ?eg. That is your book. 那是你的书。 ?your room 你们的房间 ?eg. That is your room. 那是你们的房间。 ?pardon 原谅，请再说一遍 ?pardon=pardon me=I beg your pardon? 能再说一遍吗？ ?eg. Is this your pencil? 这是你的铅笔吗？ --Yes, it is. 是的，它是。（it 指代 pencil） ?thank you 感谢你（们） 2）you 代词（你，你们） 主格-----作主语 ?eg. You are a good student. 你是一个好学生。 宾格------作宾语
新概念英语第二册笔记_第40课
Lesson 40 Food and talk进餐与交谈 Was Mrs. Rumbold a good companion at dinner? Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold. Mrs. Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating. I tried to make conversation. 'A new play is coming to "The Globe" soon,' I said. 'Will you be seeing it?' 'No,' she answered. 'Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. 'Will you be staying in England?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner. 'Young man,' she answered, 'if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!" 参考译文 在上星期的一次宴会上，女主人安排我坐在兰伯尔德夫人的身旁。兰伯尔德夫人是一位身材高大、表情严肃的女人，穿一件紧身的黑衣服。当我在她身旁坐下来的时候，她甚至连头都没有抬一下。她的眼睛盯着自己的盘子，不一会儿就忙着吃起来了。我试图找个话题和她聊聊。 “一出新剧要来‘环球剧场’上演了，”我说，“您去看吗？” “不，”她回答。 “您今年去国外度假吗？”我又问。 “不，”她回答。 “您就呆在英国吗？”我问。 “不，”她回答。 失望之中我问她饭是否吃得满意。 “年轻人，”她回答说，“如果你多吃点，少说点，我们两个都会吃得好的！” —、单词讲解New words and expressions host 1)n．待客的主人 hostess 女主人 the host nation 东道国，主办国 例: China is the host nation of the 2008 0lympic Games. 中国时2008奥运会的主办国。
裕兴新概念第一册笔记(2)
语音－句子重音 1.一般来说，在句子中实义词重读，虚词不重读。 名词、形容词、数词、动词、副词、感叹词属实义词，在句子中一般需要重读；而冠词、助动词、前置词、连接词是虚词，通常在句子中不重读。代词在句子中有时需要重读，有时则不用重读。 －How can I help you？ I've hurt my hand. How did it happen? I was opening a tin. It was hard to open and I was in a hurry. When it was half open, the tin-opener slipped . I cut my hand. It was terrible. 2. 助动词、系动词与情态动词在句子结尾有句子重音，在句首可有可无。 Can you drive a car？ Yes，I can。 Excuse me，Is this a bank？ Yes，it is。 New Words and expressions 生词和短语 living room n. 客厅 near prep. 靠近 window n. 窗户
armchair n. 扶手椅 door n. 门 picture n. 图画 wall n. 墙 living room n. 客厅 sitting room n. 客厅，起居室 bedroom n. 卧室 kitchen n. 厨房 dining room n. 餐厅 toilet n. 厕所 bathroom n. 洗澡间，卫生局 study n. 书房 balcony n. 阳台 basement n. 地下室 near prep. 靠近 near the school 靠近学校 eg. There are some trees near the school. 靠近学习的地方有一些树. He is near the window. 他在窗户的旁边. Window n. 窗户 shut the window/close the window 关上窗户
【第二次修订完全版】新概念英语第二册笔记pdf(96课全)
目录 Lesson 1 A private conversation 私人谈话 (4) Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch? 早餐还是午餐 (11) Lesson 3 Please send me a card 请给我寄一张明信片 (16) Lesson 4 An exciting trip 激动人心的旅行 (21) Lesson 5 No wrong numbers 无错号之虞 (25) Lesson 6 Percy Buttons 珀西.巴顿斯 (31) Lesson 7 Too late 为时太晚 (38) Lesson 8 The best and the worst最好的和最差的 (44) Lesson 9 A cold welcome 冷遇 (49) Lesson 10 Not for jazz不适于演奏爵士乐 (55) Lesson 11 One good turn deserves another礼尚往来 (60) Lesson 12 Goodbye and good luck 再见，一路顺风 (64) Lesson 13 The Greenwood Boys 绿林少年 (68) Lesson 14 Do you speak English? 你会讲英语吗？ (74) Lesson 15 Good news 佳音 (80) Lesson 16 A polite request 彬彬有礼的要求 (85) Lesson 17 Always young 青春常驻 (90) Lesson 18 He often does this! 他经常干这种事！ (96) Lesson 19 Sold out 票已售完 (99) Lesson 20 One man in a boat 独坐孤舟 (104) Lesson 21 Mad or not? 是不是疯了？ (110) Lesson 22 A glass envelope 玻璃信封 (115) Lesson 23 A new house 新居 (119) Lesson 24 It could be worse 不幸中之万幸 (122) Lesson 25 Do the English speak English? 英国人讲的是英语吗？ (125) Lesson 26 The best art critics 最佳艺术评论家 (130) Lesson 27 A wet night 雨夜 (136) Lesson 28 No parking 禁止停车 (143) Lesson 29 Taxi! 出租汽车！ (149) Lesson 30 Football or polo？足球还是水球？ (154) Lesson 31 Success story 成功者的故事 (159) Lesson 32 Shopping made easy 购物变得很方便 (165) Lesson 33 Out of the darkness 冲出黑暗 (171) Lesson 34 Quick work 破案“神速” (177) Lesson 35 Stop thief! 捉贼 (180) Lesson 36 Across the Channel 横渡海峡 (186) Lesson 37 The Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会 (193) Lesson 38 Everything except the weather 唯独没有考虑到天气 (198) Lesson 39 Am I all right? 我是否痊愈? (203) Lesson 40 Food and talk 进餐与交谈 (208) Lesson 41 Do you call that a hat? 你把那个叫帽子吗？ (213)
新概念英语第四册原文翻译详细笔记
The modern city 现代城市 In the organization of industrial life the in?uence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers has been completely neglected. Modern industry is based on the conception of the maximum production at lowest cost, in order that an individual or a group of individuals may earn as much money as possible. It has expanded without any idea of the true nature of the human beings who run the machines, and without giving any consideration to the effects produced on the individuals and on their descendants by the arti?cial mode of existence imposed by the factory. The great cities have been built with no regard for us. The shape and dimensions of the skyscrapers depend entirely on the necessity of obtaining the maximum income per square foot of ground, and of offering to the tenants of?ces and apartments that please them. This caused the construction of gigantic buildings where too large masses of human beings are crowded together. Civilized men like such a way of living. While they enjoy the comfort and banal luxury of their dwelling, they do not realize that they are deprived of the necessities of life. The modern city consists of monstrous edi?ces and of dark, narrow streets full of petrol fumes and toxic gases, torn by the noise of the taxicabs, lorries and buses, and thronged ceaselessly by great crowds. Obviously, it has not been planned for the good of its inhabitants. ?一理理的 代 ?人造的?生存?方式隺加规模 I 平庸的 ?一倒夺巨?大的?大厦南满拥塞without any idea of 完全忽视without giving any consideration to
裕兴新概念学习笔记 第一册31-32
Lesson 31 Where's Sally? 萨莉在哪里？ 语音--不完全爆破 英语中的爆破音与摩擦音和破擦音连在一起时,前面的爆破音常常发生不完全爆破. 爆破音与鼻辅音连在一起也形成不完全爆破. 所谓不完全爆破指的是只作发爆破音的口形,但气流并不出来,也就是说只有短暂的停顿,而不发音. pi cture a dv ice a ct ive se pt ember bi g g un tha t t ime ta ke c are kee p q uiet goo d m orning goo d n ight ta ke th ree pills a day kee p s ilent New Words and expressions 生词和短语 garden n. 花园 under prep. 在……这下 tree n. 树
climb v. 爬，攀登(b不发音) who pron. 谁 run v. 跑 grass n. 草，草地 after prep. 在……之后 across prep. 横过，穿过 cat n. 猫 garden center：花卉中心 garden city：花园城市 savage garden：野人花园 in the garden：在花园里 under the tree：在树下 family tree：家谱 tree ring：年轮 climb the tree：爬树 run across the grass：跑过草地 run after 在……之后跑garden n. 花园(自家花园) park n. 公园(公共地方) eg. There is a garden behind the house. 在房子的后面有一个花园. My home is near the park.
裕兴新概念英语第3册笔记(二)知识分享
裕兴新概念英语第3册笔记(二)
裕兴新概念英语第3册笔记(二）Lesson-2 一、单词： ① equal v./adj. 1） adj. be equal to 与...相等 Eg: Wealth is not equal to happiness. EEOC : Equal Employment Opportunities Commission平等就业机会委员会 (A US government organization whose aim is to make sure that people are not prevented from getting jobs because of their race, religion, age, sex etc, and to make sure that all workers are treated fairly and equally.) 中国学生易犯的错误: vt. 及物动词 equal to : (“to” is unnecessary ) ② vicar 英国教区的小牧师 (of the Church of England) rector 小牧师 (of the Catholic Church) priest 神父(特别是指罗马天主教的神父) curate 副牧师 curate's egg 有好有坏 Eg: The book is something of a curate's egg. 这本书好坏掺半. bishop 主教 (国际象棋里指象：圆棋子为教士帽形) archbishop 红衣大主教Pope (Roman Catholic) 罗马教皇 Eg: Is the Pope (a) catholic? (a humorous way to say sth is clearly true and certain) 说什么事情是非常明显正确的 Eg: ---Do you think they’ll win? ---Is the Pope Catholic? (sure，of course) clergyman n. 神职人员 (通称） ③ raise vt. raise kids 养育孩子 raise money 筹集钱财 raise the roof 怒发冲冠 rise vi. The Sun Also Rises 太阳照常升起 (written by Ernest Hemingway) A Farewell to Arms 永别了武器 A Farewell to Concubine 霸王别姬（再见了小妾） ④ torch n. 手电筒 carry a torch for sb. 暗恋 ---Don’t you know I have carried a torch for you for a long time ? ---Why not carry on? (那就继续努力吧！）