初中英语定语从句关系代词和关系副词

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定语从句.-关系代词和关系副词的用法

定语从句.-关系代词和关系副词的用法

定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。

定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。

一)关系代词的用法1.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。

例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。

(作)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。

(作)2.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。

在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,也可省略。

例如:The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。

(作)Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?正在与明谈话的老师是谁?(作)3. that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。

在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。

例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

(that作)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。

(that作)4.Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法

定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法

定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法关系代词和关系副词是用来组成定语从句的重要成分,他们可以表示主句主语和从句主语的关系。

关系代词的用法比较灵活,通常有三个中心词that、which和who,还有其他表示泛指的词,即what(什么)、whoever(无论谁)、whichever(不管那一个)、whomever(无论谁)。

而关系副词则只有一个,即where(在何处)。

一、关系代词的用法1、谓语动词是动词 be 时关系代词的用法:who(人),which(物),that(物 or 人),whose(人 or 物)。

例句:This is the book that I bought yesterday.这就是我昨天买的书。

She is the woman who helped me.她是帮助我的那个女人。

I have a friend who likes reading.我有一个喜欢读书的朋友。

3、泛指关系代词关系代词的用法:what(什么),whoever(无论谁),whichever(不管那一个),whomever(无论谁)等。

例句:Whoever comes first will get a prize.无论谁先来都会得到一份奖品。

1、谓语动词是动词 be 时关系副词的用法:where(何处)。

例句:I remember the day when we first met.我记得是在我们第一次见面的那一天。

Do you know the reason why she quit her job?你知道她为什么要辞职的原因吗?。

定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词归纳

定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词归纳

定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词归纳在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词是起到连接作用的词语,它们可以将一个句子与一个修饰它的定语从句连接起来。

在使用过程中,我们需要注意它们的用法和区别。

本文将对定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词进行归纳和总结。

一、关系代词关系代词是用来引导定语从句并且在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者介词宾语的词语。

主要有以下几个关系代词:1. 关系代词"that":在非限制性定语从句中不能使用,一般用来引导非人的先行词,如物品、动物等。

例如:I have a book that is interesting.2. 关系代词"who":主要指人,在定语从句中作主语或者宾语。

例如:I have a friend who is a doctor.3. 关系代词"which":一般用来引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个句子或者句子中的某一部分。

例如:This is my car, which is red.4. 关系代词"whom":同样指人,在定语从句中作宾语。

例如:I have a friend whom I trust.5. 关系代词"whose":用来指人或物,表示所属关系。

例如:This is the girl whose bag was stolen.二、关系副词关系副词是用来引导定语从句并且在定语从句中表示地点、时间、程度、原因等关系的副词。

主要有以下几个关系副词:1. 关系副词"where":表示地点,在定语从句中修饰名词。

例如:This is the place where we met.2. 关系副词"when":表示时间,在定语从句中修饰名词。

例如:This is the day when we first met.3. 关系副词"how":表示方式或程度,在定语从句中修饰名词。

定语从句的关系代词与关系副词

定语从句的关系代词与关系副词

定语从句的关系代词与关系副词定语从句是英语中常用的修饰名词或代词的从句。

它可以通过关系代词或关系副词引导,常用的关系代词有"that, who, whom, whose, which",而常用的关系副词有"where, when, why"。

在本文中,我们将详细探讨定语从句的关系代词与关系副词的使用。

一、关系代词的使用关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者修饰名词的成分。

具体使用如下:1. Who"Who"在定语从句中用来修饰指人的名词,作为主语或宾语出现。

例如:- The girl who is standing over there is my sister.(那个站在那里的女孩是我的妹妹。

)- The man who I talked to last night is a famous actor.(昨晚我跟他说话的那个男人是一位著名演员。

)2. Whom"Whom"也用来修饰指人的名词,在定语从句中通常作为宾语出现。

例如:- I met the girl whom you introduced to me yesterday.(我昨天见到了你介绍给我的那个女孩。

)3. Whose"Whose"用来修饰指人或指物的名词,表示所属关系。

例如:- The book whose cover is red is mine.(封面是红色的那本书是我的。

)4. Which"Which"修饰指物的名词,在定语从句中作为主语或宾语出现。

例如:- Do you know the reason why the bus was late?(你知道公交车晚点的原因吗?)5. That"That"通常用来修饰人或物的名词,在定语从句中可以作为主语、宾语或修饰名词的成分出现。

例如:- The car that I bought last month is very fast.(我上个月购买的那辆车非常快。

定语从句中的关系代词与关系副词

定语从句中的关系代词与关系副词

定语从句中的关系代词与关系副词在英语语法中,定语从句是一种用来修饰名词或代词的从句。

在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词在起连接词的作用,并且在句中充当句子成分。

本文将详细介绍定语从句中的关系代词与关系副词。

一、关系代词关系代词有三个常用的形式,分别是"who"、"which"和"that"。

这些关系代词在定语从句中引导从句,并代替先行词,起到连接从句与主句的作用。

1. "who"用于修饰人,在定语从句中代替先行词,可以作为主语或宾语。

例如:- The man who is standing over there is my brother.(站在那边的那个人是我哥哥)- The girl who we met yesterday is my classmate.(我们昨天遇见的那个女孩是我的同学)2. "which"用于修饰物,在定语从句中代替先行词,同样可以作为主语或宾语。

例如:- The book which is on the table is mine.(桌子上的那本书是我的)- The car which I bought last week is very expensive.(我上周买的那辆车很贵)3. "that"可以用于修饰人或物,在定语从句中代替先行词,同样可以作为主语或宾语。

与"who"和"which"不同的是,"that"使用相对较多,可以用来代替人或物。

例如:- The dog that is barking is very cute.(正在叫的那只狗非常可爱)- The movie that I watched last night was very interesting.(我昨晚看的那部电影很有趣)二、关系副词关系副词有两个常用的形式,分别是"when"和"where"。

定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词的区别

定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词的区别

定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词的区别定语从句是英语中常用的修饰名词的从句结构。

在定语从句中,我们可以使用关系代词和关系副词来引导从句。

虽然它们的作用相似,但在使用上存在一些细微的区别。

本文将详细探讨定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的区别。

一、关系代词的用法关系代词可以在定语从句中作为主语、宾语或宾语补足语。

它们用于引导从句并在从句中代替先行词。

1. 主语关系代词主语关系代词在定语从句中担任主语的角色,常用的关系代词有:“who”(指人),“which”(指物),以及“that”(人和物都可指)。

例如:- I know the girl who won the singing competition.(我认识那个赢得唱歌比赛的女孩。

)- Do you have the book which I lent you?(你有我借给你的那本书吗?)- The car that you bought is very expensive.(你买的那辆车很贵。

)2. 宾语关系代词宾语关系代词在定语从句中担任宾语的角色,常用的关系代词有:“whom”(指人),“which”(指物)以及“that”(人和物都可指)。

例如:- She introduced me to her brother whom I had never met before.(她介绍了她的弟弟给我,我以前从未见过他。

)- Is this the pen which you borrowed from me?(这是你从我这儿借的笔吗?)- I saw the movie that everyone was talking about.(我看了大家都在谈论的那部电影。

)3. 宾补关系代词宾补关系代词在定语从句中担任宾语补足语的角色,常用的关系代词有:“whom”(指人),“which”(指物)以及“that”(人和物都可指)。

例如:- They elected him as the captain whom they trusted.(他们选他当队长,因为他们信任他。

中考初中英语知识点:定语从句【用法与特点】 定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择

中考初中英语知识点:定语从句【用法与特点】 定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择

定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择
1. 明确关系代词,关系副词在定语从句中的不同作用
关系代词which , that , who在定语从句中作主语或在及物动词或介词后作宾语
关系副词when , where, why在定语从句中作状语,即定语从句中不缺主语、宾语,只缺时间、地点或原因状语
2. 分析句子结构,明确句法成分
关系词在从句中作宾语还是作状语,关键取决于从句中的谓语动词。

如果定语从句中谓语动词是及物动词,应观察其后有无宾语。

如果没宾语,则应考虑使用能充当宾语的关系代词which或that。

如果句子中有宾语,就考虑关系副词when或where等。

英语语法定语从句知识点:关系代词和关系副词

英语语法定语从句知识点:关系代词和关系副词

英语语法定语从句知识点:关系代词和关系副词根据关系词在定语从句中的不同用法,可分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词主要有who, whom, which, that, whose等,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语等;关系副词主要有when, where, why等,在定语从句中作状语。

具体用法如下:一、关系代词的用法当先行词指人时,若它在从句中作主语,则用who;若它在从句作宾语,则用whom或who;若它在从句中作定语,则用whose。

如:The man who told me this refused to tell me his name.告诉我这事的人不肯告诉我他的名字。

The woman whose umbrella you took is very angry about it.你拿了那个女人的伞,她非常生气。

当先行词指物时,若在定语从句中作主语或宾语,则用which;若它在定语从句中作定语用,则用of which或whose。

如:I saw something in the paper which might interest you.我在报上看到一样可能使你感兴趣的东西。

He’s written a book the name of which (whose name) I’ve forgotten.他写了一本书,书名我给忘了。

二、关系副词的用法关系副词主要有when, where, why等,在定语从句中作状语,分别表示时间、在点和原因。

when主要放在time, day, years, season,age, occasion等时间的名词后;where主要放在place, city, town, village, house等地点名词后;why则通常只放在reason后。

如:Wednesday is the day when the shops are not open in the afternoon.星期三下午商店不开门。

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定语从句讲解及练习一、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

如:1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2) You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。

引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why关系词常有三个作用:1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用who 或whom. 例:Is there anyone here who will go with you?2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。

在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。

(5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)具体使用时还要注意下列问题:1,只能使用that,不用which 的情况:(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。

例如:All that he said is true.(2)先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。

例如:He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。

例如:He was the second (person) that told me the secret.(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。

This is the best book (that) I have read this year.(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。

例如:He talked about the people and the things he remembered.2,只用which不用that的情况:(3) 非限制性定语从句中,不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。

例如:The boy,who is good at soccer,comes from Xinjiang.That necklace,which you gave me as a present,was lost yesterday.非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。

(非限)There is somebody here who wants to speak to you这里有人要和你说话(限制性) (4) which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。

在这种从句中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思是与and this 相似,并可以指人。

例如:He did very well in the competition, which made his parents very happy.(5) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体,关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员,则用who。

5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?6. when 指时间,在定语从句中作状语。

例如:I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm. He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.7. where 指地点,在定语从句中作状语。

例如:This is the house where we lived last year. The factory where his father works is in the east of the city8. "介词+关系代词"是一个普遍使用的结构。

(1) "介词+关系代词"可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。

"介词+关系代词"结构中的介词可以是in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等,关系代词只可用whom或which, 不可用that 。

例:Is that the house in which you live ?关系代词whom,which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom 与which 与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,如:That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room which we had lived in for ten years. 像listen to, look at, take care of等固定短语动词,在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。

例如:This is the boy whom she has taken care of.热身练习请分析一下定语从句:( 请划出定语从句,并标出先行词)1.Check the ways you study for an English test.2.Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar.3.You couldn’t understand people who talked fast.4.I have some ideas that may help.5.They said something you didn’t like.6.My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.二、用关系代词填空:that 、which 、who、whom 、whose1.This is the man ________ wants to see you.2.The student ___________ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3.The man __________ you went to see has come.4.The man ___________I met yesterday lent me some money.5.The woman _______________ you saw is our geography teacher.6.The runner ________________ you are asking about is over there.7.Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday.8.These books _____________ you lent me were very useful.9.This is shirt _______________I bought yesterday.10. A dictionary is a book _____________ gives the meaning to the word.11.Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-known singer.12.The boy______ father is a teacher is good at English.三、单项选择( ) 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.A. whoB. whichC. whomD. whose ( ) 2. The students were all interested ____ you told them yesterday.A. in whichB. in that thisC. all thatD. in everything ( ) 3. He was the only person in his office______ was invited.A. whomB. whoseC. thatD. which ( ) 4. This is the museum______ we visited last year.A. whereB. in whichC. whichD. in that ( ) 5. Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. who ( ) 6. Do you know the student_____?A. whom I often talkB. with who I often talkC. I often talk withD. that I often talk( ) 7. I like the house_____ windows face south.A. whoseB. who’sC. it'sD. its ( )8. The young woman_____ I spoke just now is a young doctor.A. whoB. to whomC. whomD. that定语从句中关系副词的用法定语从句中的关系副词有三个:when, where和why,它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。

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