2013 惠三模

惠州市2012届高三第三次调研考试（英语）I．语言知识及运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1-15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中．选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bells. Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the___1___and have made up their minds to___2___the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest (抗议) against heavy trucks which run___3___through the narrow High Street."They not only make it___4___to sleep at night, but they are doing damage to our houses and shops of historical___5___," said John Norris, one of the protesters."If we must have these noisy trucks on the roads," said Jean Lacey, a biology student, "why don't they build a new road that goes round the town? Burlington isn't much more than a___6___village. Its streets were never___7___for heavy traffic."Harry Fields also studying___8____said they wanted to make as much___9 ___as possible to force the government to realize what everybody was having to___10 ___. "Most of them don't___11___here anyway," he said, "they come in for meetings and that, and the Town Hall is soundproof(隔音), so they probably don't___12___ the noise all that much. It's high time they realized the problem."The fourth student, Liza Vernum, said she thought the public were mostly on their side, and even if they weren't they soon would be.I asked if they were___13___that the police might come to stop them."Not really," she said, "actually we are___14___bell-ringers. I mean we are assistant bell-ringers for the church. There is no law against practising."I ___15___the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.1. A. college B. village C. town D. church2. A. change B. repair C. ring D. shake3. A. now and then B. day and night C. up and down D. over and over4. A. terrible B. difficult C. uncomfortable D. unpleasant5. A. scene B. period C. interest D. sense6. A. pretty B. quiet C. large D. modern7. A. tested B. meant C. kept D. used8. A. well B. hard C. biology D. education9. A. effort B. time C. trouble D. noise10. A. stand B. accept C. know D. share11. A. shop B. live C. come D. study12. A. notice B. mention C. fear D. control13. A. surprised B. afraid C. pleased D. determined14. A. proper B. experienced C. hopeful D. serious15. A. left B. found C. reached D. passed第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答卷标号为16-25的相应位置上。

Over the years I've been teaching kids about a simple___16____ powerful concept - the ant philosophy. They have an amazing four-part philosophy. First, ants never quit. They'll climb over, they'llclimb under, and they'll climb around. They keep looking for another way. What a neat(了不起的) philosophy it is to never quit ____17_____ for a way to get _____18_____ you're supposed to go! Second, ants think about winter and summer. That's _____19_____ important attitude. You can't be _____20______ naïve(幼稚的) as to think summer will last forever. People who have a little experience are clear about this. So ants are gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer. It’s important to be realistic. You have to think about rocks as you enjoy the sand and sun. Think ahead. The third part is that ants think summer all winter. During the winter, they remind_____21_____, "This won't last long; we'll soon be out of here." And _____22_____the first warm day, the ants are out. If it _____23_____ cold again, they'll dive back down. But they come out again if it is warm. They can't wait _____24_____ out. Last, how much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter? All that it _____25_____ can. What a great philosophy to have-the ant philosophy：never give up, look ahead, stay positive and do all you can.II．阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ANot everyone who teaches in a college or university is a professor. Many are instructors or lecturers. In fact, not even all professors are full professors. Many of them are assistant or associate professors or adjunct professors.So what do all of these different academic titles mean at American colleges and universities? Get ready for a short lecture, especially if you are thinking of a career in higher education.Professors usually need a doctoral degree. But sometimes a school will offer positions to people who have not yet received their doctorate.This person would be called an instructor until the degree has been completed. After that, the instructor could become an assistant professor. Assistant professors do not have tenure.Tenure means a permanent appointment. This goal of greater job security is harder to reach these days. Fewer teaching positions offer the chance for tenure.Teachers and researchers who are hired into positions that do offer it are said to be "on the tenure track." Assistant professor is the first job on this path.Assistant professors generally have five to seven years to gain tenure. During this time, other faculty members study the person's work. If tenure is denied, then the assistant professor usually has a year to find another job.Candidates for tenure may feel great pressure to get research published. "Publish or perish" is the traditional saying.An assistant professor who receives tenure becomes an associate professor. An associate professor may later be appointed a full professor.Assistant, associate and full professors perform many duties. They teach classes. They advise students. And they carry out research. They also serve on committees and take part in other activities.Other faculty members are not expected to do all these jobs. They are not on a tenure track. Instead, they might be in adjunct or visiting positions.A visiting professor has a job at one school but works at another for a period of time. An adjunct professor is also a limited or part-time position, to do research or teach classes. Adjunct professors have a doctorate.Another position is that of lecturer. Lecturers teach classes, but they may or may not have a doctorate.26. In which column of a newspaper can the passage probably appear?A. EducationB. EntertainmentC. PoliticsD. Sports27. Which of the following positions should have a doctor degree?A. Instructors and lecturesB. Assistant professors and instructorsC. Lectures and adjunct professorsD. Assistant and adjunct professors28. According to Paragraph 4, how long can an assistant professor stay in his or her position at most?A. 13 yearsB. 12 yearsC. 7 yearsD. 8 years29. Which one shows the correct order for a professor’s development?a. An assistant professorb. An instructorc. A full professord. An associate professorA. b, a, d, cB. b, d, a, cC. c, a, d, bD. b, c, a, d30. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Those teaching in a university are all professors.B. You’d better learn about it before being a professor.C. Those without a doctoral degree can’t find a job.D. Professors in a university share the same duties.BThe same genes that give sharks their sixth sense and allow them to detect electrical signals are also responsible for the development of head and facial features in humans, a new study suggests.The finding supports the idea that the early sea creatures which eventually evolved into humans could also sense electricity before they emerged onto land. The study, led by Martin Cohn and his lab at the University of Florida, is detailed in the current issue of the journal Evolution & Development.Sharks have a network of special cells that can detect electricity, called electroreceptors, in their heads. This sense is so developed that sharks can find fish hiding under sand by honing in on the weak electrical signals.The researchers found two independent genetic markers of neural crest cells in the sharks' electroreceptors. In humans, these cells contribute to the formation of facial bones and teeth, among other things. The finding suggests that neural crest cells migrate from the sharks' brains to various regions of the head, where they develop into electroreceptors. Glenn Northcutt, a neuroscientist at the University of California, San Diego, who was not involved in the study, said the finding was interesting, but that more studies are needed before a direct link between neural crest cells and electroreceptors can be established.After the new study, the researchers think that all primitive animals with backbones, including the early ancestors of humans, could sense electricity. As they evolved, mammals, reptiles, birds and most fish lost the ability. Today, only sharks and a few other marine species, such as sturgeons and lampreys, can sense electricity. The ability to sense electrical signals is useful in aquatic environments because water is so conductive. On land, however, the sense is useless."Air doesn't conduct electricity as well," Albert said. "When it happens, it's called a lightning bolt and you don't need special receptors to sense it."The development of the electroreceptors is believed to mirror the development of the lateral line, a sense organ in fish that allows them to detect motion in surrounding water. The electroceptors are also believed to behind many sharks' ability to detect changes in the Earth's magnetic field.31. Which of the following is NOT one of the effects that the genes mentioned have?A. To give sharks their sixth sense.B. To allow sharks to detect electrical signals.C. To contribute to human s’ development of head and facial features.D. To allow humans to sense electricity.32. Choose the closest meaning of the underlined word “detect” in Para. 3A. To notice or find outB. To get rid ofC. To keep away fromD. To search for33. Which of the statements is true according to the article?A. Sharks could sense electricity only after they emerged onto land.B. It is in various regions of the sharks’ head that neural crest cells migrate from the brains and develop into electroreceptors.C. The ability to sense electrical signals is useful both in aquatic environment and on land.D. No studies are needed to prove neural crest cells are linked with electroreceptors directly.34. What is it that makes sharks find fish hiding under sand on the weak electrical signals?A. Sharks’ sixth senseB. The weak electrical signalsC. ElectroreceptorsD. Neural crest cells35. What is the main idea of the article?A. Sharks are similar to humans in many aspectsB. The development of sharks’ sixth sense are related to some human genesC. Some human genes determine the development of sharks’ sixth senseD. Sharks’ sixth sense can help them find fish hiding under sandCA few days ago I got a call from my old college friend whom I haven’t seen for a ve ry long time. The topic, which was about all the good old times that we had changed to a touching story when he started talking about his father.His father’s declining health made him stay at the hospital. Because of his illness, his father suffered from insomnia and often talked to himself. My friend, who had not been able to sleep for a few days as he had to keep watching his father’s condition, became irritated and told his father to keep silent and try to get some sleep. His father said that he really wanted to sleep well because he was very tired and told my friend to leave him alone in the hospital if he did not want to keep him company.After his father finished talking ,he fell unconscious . My friend was very sorry for speaking the ill words towards his father. My friend, whom I knew as a tough person, cried as a baby on the other end of the telephone. He said that from that moment on, he prayed every day, asking God to let his father wake up from his coma. He promised himself that whatever words came out from his father’s mouth after he regained his consciousness, he would gladly take them. His only hope for God was to give him a chance to rectify his past mistake.，a mistake that he might not forget for the rest of his life.Often, we complain when we have to accompany or watch over our parents for years, months, days, hours or even minutes. But do we realize that our parents keep us company and watch over us for as long as we(or they)live? From the day we were born to our adulthood, and even when deaths come to us, they are always at our side.Imagine how sad our parents will be when they hear a seemingly innocent word of “no” come out from our mouths. We can make promises to ourselves that from now on there will be no more complaints that come out from our mouths when we have to watch over or accompany our parents. No more complaints come out from our mouths when we feel that our parents have treated us like little children. There are so many unlucky ones who have neither fathers nor mothers. They long to have the things that we most complain about, but never have them.Actually, it takes only a second to think and light the lamp that will bring us to a place where peace is dwelling.36. Which of the following word can be used to describe the writer’s friend?A. SadB. SorryC. RegretfulD. Pitiful37. According to the passage, the following are right EXCEPT________?A. The friend hoped that he would have a chance to be good to his sick fatherB. The friend was so tired that he was irritatedC. The friend prayed every day, wishing that his father would come to himselfD. The father fell coma just because of the ill worlds38. What does the underlined word “rectify” mean in Para. 3?A. Put…rightB. Recite…by heartC. RealizeD. Recognize39. From Para. 5 we know that ________.A. we unconsciously hurt our parents so oftenB. we deliberately ignore our parents too oftenC. we are not satisfied with our parentsD. we are actually innocent to say rude words to our parents40. What does the writer want to tell us in the passage?A. Your parents will keep talking to themselves when they are old.B. Be good to your parents when you still have the chance.C. You will regret in your life if you don’t show your kindness to your parents.D. It is not easy to take good care of sick old parents.DA classic series of experiments to determine the effects of overpopulation on communities of rats was conducted by a psychologist, John Calhoun. In each experiment, an equal number of male and female adult rats were placed in an enclosure. The rat populations were allowed to increase. Calhoun knew from experience approximately how many rats could live in the enclosures without experiencing stress due to overcrowding. He allowed the population to increase to approximately twice this number. Then he stabilized the population by removing offspring后代that were not dependent on their mothers. At the end of the experiments, Calhoun was able to conclude that overcrowding causes a breakdown in the normal social relationships among rats, a kind of social disease. The rats in the experiments did not follow the same patterns of behavior as rats would in a community without overcrowding.The females in the rat population were the most seriously affected by the high population density. For example, mothers sometimes abandoned their pups, a nd, without their mothers’ care, the pups died. The experiments verified that in overpopulated communities, mother rats do not behave normally. Their behavior may be considered diseased, pathological (病态的).The dominant占支配地位的males in the rat population were the least affected by over population. Each of these strong males claimed an area of the enclosure as his own. Therefore, these individuals did not experience the overcrowding in the same way as the other rats did. However, dominant males did behave pathologically at times. Their antisocial behavior consisted of attacks on weaker male, female, and immature rats. This deviant behavior showed that even though the dominant males had enough living space, they too were affected by the general overcrowding.Non-dominant males in the experimental rat communities also exhibited deviant social behavior. Some withdrew completely, avoiding contact with other rats. Other non-dominant males were hyperactive, chasing other rats and fighting each other.The behavior of the rat population has parallels in human behavior. People in densely populated areas exhibit deviant behavior similar to that of the rats in Calhoun's experiments. In large urban areas, such as New York City, London, and Cairo, there are abandoned children. There are cruel, powerful individuals, both men and women. There are also people who withdraw and people who become hyperactive. Is the principal cause of these disorders overpopulation? Calhoun's experiments suggest that it might be. In any ease, social scientists and city planners have been influenced by the results of this series of experiments.41. Calhoun stabilized the rat population_____.A. when it was double the number that could live in the enclosure without stressB. by removing young ratsC. so that there was a constant number of adult rats in the enclosureD. so that it wouldn’t be so crowded in the enclosure42. Which of the following inferences CANNOT be made from the information in Para. 1?A. Calhoun’s experiment was considered important then.B. Overpopulation causes pathological behavior in rat populations.C. Stress does not occur in rat communities unless there is overcrowding.D. Calhoun had experimented with rats before.43. When they were in overpopulated communities, mother rats_____.A. had terrible diseasesB. fought against male ratsC. behaved abnormallyD. died soon44. The author implies that the behavior of the dominant male rats is sometimes parallel with that of _____.A. cruel, powerful peopleB. people who abandon their childrenC. hyperactive peopleD. people who would like to keep to themselves45. The author intends to tell us that_________.A. rats are affected by overcrowding, but people are notB. overcrowding may be an important cause of social pathologyC. the social behavior of rats is seriously affected by pathologyD. Calhoun’s experiments have influenced many people第二节信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。