ICT8080UXPⅡ资料
ICT测试技术建议书解读
方案建议书1.测试环境要求1.1客户端系统表5－1主要测试环境客户端1 操作系统win7 CPU P42.8G内存2G以上硬盘120G以上其它客户端2 操作系统win7 CPU P42.4G内存1G以上硬盘120G以上其它客户端3 操作系统winXPSP3 CPU P42.4G内存2G以上硬盘140G以上其它1.2服务器系统服务器系统1 操作系统MSServer2008 CPU INTELXeonMP2.7G 内存2G硬盘512G数据库oracle11g中间件weblogic其它服务器系统2：操作系统linuxCPU INTELXeonMP2.7G 内存8G硬盘1T数据库sqlsever2008中间件无其它其它2.测试方法2.1短路测试在ICT在线测试里，短路被定义为是两点之间的阻抗小于或等于预先设定的值，开路则是指两点之间的阻抗大于预先设定的值。
所以短路测试就是待测板意外的短路,它是希望两点之间的阻抗大于所设定的值,测试才会PASS；而开路测试刚好相反，是测试板意外的开路,它是希望两点之间的阻抗小于或等于所设定的值,测试才会PASS。
短路和开路测试能够快速找到制造缺陷，如丢失元器件或者锡桥。
2.1.1短路测试步骤短路测试包括两个阶段：侦查阶段（shortsdetection）和隔离阶段（shortsisolation）。
侦查阶段:1)选择一个结点，把它连接到电源2)然后把其它所有结点连起来，接到检波器3)检测电源端的结点与检波器端的结点之间电流的情况4)依此类推，测出所有结点之间的连通情况整个侦查过程当所有的结点都检查过才结束。
当发现有短路情况时就进入下一个阶段找出短路的结点。
隔离阶段：当发现一个接到电源的结点和其它接到检测器的结点组有短路情况时：1)把结点组分成两个结点组2)检查其中一个组看有没有跟那个接到电源的结点发生短路3)发现有短路时，又把该结点组分成两个更小的结点组，继续检测看是哪个结点组有短路，依此类推4)没有发现短路时，就检测另外一组，用同样的方法一直检查直到把有发生短路的每一个结点都找出来2.1.2短路测试样例样例1，如图2.1，假设结点A和B，B和C之间都有一个5欧姆的电阻，在三个结点之间进行开路测试，上限值设为8欧姆。
PRO SERIES CAM 8080 产品介绍说明书
PRO SERIES CAM 8080STANDARDOPTIONALCARD AFFIXING &MAILING SYSTEM 8080VERSIONS ✔ CAM 8080: with printer for carrier personalization in real time.✔ CAM 8080 STREAM FEEDER: with stream feeder for feeding and inserting of pre-printed carriers.✔ CAM 8080 HIGH PERFORMANCE: with printer and feeder to satisfy all needs. CAM 8080 is the CIM solution for CARD MATCHING , AFFIXING and MAILING . The system offers 100% DATA MATCH between the card and the carrier using a read back function and real time database access. It has been developed with flexibility, easy of use and it is ideal for HIGH PRODUCTION VOLUMES .The MAXIMAILER PLUS HPi is a flexible and reliable multi-station system, directly connected to CAM 8080 RECEIVES THE CARRIER WITH THE AFFIXED CARD , FOLDS AND ENVELOPS IT . Other inserts can be managed. The sy stem is very versatile and can be used in a wide variety of card applications. It is simple and intuitive to use andallows for the management of different envelopeformats as well as insertion of brochures of variousthicknesses and dimensions.P lasticC ard S ystems Compatible whit Windows 10 IoTCARD AFFIXING & MAILING SYSTEM 8080CAM 8080 is the CIM solution for card matching, affixing and mailing, it has been developed withflexibility, easy of use and high throughput in mind.Card transport system HPINSERTION MODULES Insertion modules are available with single or double tray and can manage 10 x 21 cm / 3.94” x 8.27” size (e.g. booklet, brochure) for maximum thickness of 6 mm / 0.236”, including the carrier with the card. The MAXIMAILER PLUS HPi is completely modular, up to 6 modules (A+B+…+F)attachment between the enveloping station and the carrier folder. You may configure it to your needs.15” color touch screenCARRIER FOLDING A B C D E FEnvelope conveyorFEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS D a tasubj ecttochangew ithoutnoti ce.Allst atedtradem arksbelon gto the i rr espe cti veow ner s.C A M880-US AR e v.7-9/2PERFORMANCE up to 2200 CPH depending on system and format;card dimensions card thickness input hopper pre-printed carrier AFFIXING - CARD AND CARRIER HANDLINGCR80 - ISO standard0.76 ÷ 0.8 mm / 29,92 ÷ 31,5 mil200 cards, can be reloaded without interrupting card productionstream feeder with 1.000 carrier capacityYesup to 8 (4 if folded)defined by softwarepre-embossed cards cards per carrier card positioning FOLDING & INSERTING - CARRIER, INSERT & ENVELOPEcarrier dimensions standardA4,letter size or legal size80-100gsm single one;multiple carrier Optional:Kyocera FS3800series-Kyocera FS9100/9500series -HP Laserjet Enterprise 600 M602Maximailer:Z,C,V foldsMaximailer:C5,C6carrier weightcarrier feed carrier printing carrier folding envelope types magnetic stripe reader OCR reader barcode reader smartcard unit READING OPTIONS & DATA MATCHINGstandardreading system:3ISO 7811tracks,LoCo,HiCo,JISOCR KIT -NEW camera system provided with LED lighting to match card text with database NEW card barcode reader front/rear mono/bidimensional contact and contactless Yes -front /rear -for card/carrier matchingbarcode carrier verification power supply power consumption operating temperature relative humidity HARDWARE100-117-220-230or 240Volts -50or 60HzCAM 8080 +Maximailer:1100W max5° ÷35°C /41° ÷95°F 30%-90%without condensation 1070x 570x 1220mm /42.12”x 22.44”x 48”in 120Kg (CAM 8080)/265lbs dimensions (WxDxH)weight COMMUNICATION INTERFACE &SOFTWAREcommunication interface operating system application program connection protocol software application (optional)RS232 serialport Multicardcompatible with Windows 7/8/10.Error management, job report, DB source ODBC/OLEDB. Expert Field er interface monitoring, card production control, pre-encoded card reading with complete “processing operation, system status and help messages displayed on personal computer. Rejected card alarmnotification. Label presence sensor”Smart Database, Multicard, DB Matching with Mag Tape (ISO, J is), Microchip, Barcode. Microsoft Office integration, Barcode control. Several types of Database tables can be connected. Access, SQL Server, Oracle, and throuh ODBC Text, Excel.Chip10PowerCard Integration : The PowerCard Integration software is capable of managing the whole productionprocess, from data import to card mailing, supervising multiple production lines simultaneously and ensuring complete integrity of the production area in real time. PowerCard Integration is the perfect application forproduction environments where a high throughput and a wide range of jobs are the norm.PRO SERIES MULTI MODULAR SYSTEM - The Pro Series units can operate in a stand alone or in-line configuration with 2 up to 4 modules. TheCAM 8080can be connected to: MF 6000, T 1000/2000, E 1000/2000, C 1000, LD 1500. The modular concept of the hardware with the easy-to-use MultiCard software makes the PRO SERIES a unique scalable system for complete card personalization.WARRANTY 12 months。
深深圳圳市市矽矽普普特特科科技技有有限限公公司司 XXPPTT88000022 用户手册说明书
深圳市矽普特科技有限公司X P T8002单通道、2.4W、A B类音频功放X P T8002用户手册2011年10月深圳市矽普特科技有限公司X P T8002单通道、2.4W、A B类音频功放芯片功能说明XPT8002是一款桥式音频功率放大器。
5V 工作电压时，最大驱动功率为2.4W，音频范围内总谐波失真噪声小于1％（20Hz～20KHz);XPT8002的应用电路简单，只需极少数外围器件；XPT8002输出不需要外接耦合电容或上举电容和缓冲网络。
XPT8002采用SOP、ESOP封装，特别适合用于小音量、小体重的便携系统。
XPT8002可以通过控制进入休眠模式，从而减少功耗;XPT8002内部具有过热自动关断保护机制XPT8002工作稳定，增益带宽积高达2.5MHz，并且单位增益稳定。
通过配置外围电阻可以调整放大器的电压增益，方便应用。
芯片主要功能特性输出功率高（THD＋N<10%，1KHz频率) 功率为2.4W（4Ω负载）掉电模式漏电流小：0.6uA（典型）采用SOP、ESOP封装外部增益可调宽工作电压范围2.0V—5.5V不需驱动输出耦合电容、自举电容和缓冲网络单位增益稳定实物图芯片应用场合手提电脑台式电脑低压音响系统芯片基本结构描述XPT8002是双端输出的音频功率放大器，在5V电压工作时，最大可以驱动输出功率为2.4W，音频范围内总谐波失真噪声小于1％（20Hz～20KHz)。
其原理框图为：芯片原理框图图1XPT8002原理框图芯片定购信息芯片型号封装类型包装类型最小包装数（PCS）备注XPT8002SO SOP8 管装100芯片的封装和引脚封装引脚图XPT8002的封装管脚图XPT8002管脚描述XPT8002管脚描述（SOP封装）管脚号符号描述1 SD 掉电控制管脚，高电平有效，2 BYP 内部共模电压旁路电容3 +IN 模拟输入端，正相4 -IN 模拟输入端，反相5 VO1 模拟输出端16 VDD 电源正7 GND 电源地8 VO2 模拟输出端2芯片特性说明芯片最大极限值芯片最大物理极限值参数最小值最大值单位说明电源电压 2.4 6 V 5.0储存温度-65 150 o C 25输入电压-0.3 VDD V内部限制功耗mW耐ESD电压1 3000 V HBM耐ESD电压2 250 V MM节温150 o C 典型值150推荐工作温度-40 85 o C 25推荐工作电压 2.0 5.5 5.0热阻焊接温度 220 o C 15秒内芯片数字逻辑特性关断信号数字逻辑特性参数最小值典型值最大值单位说明参数 最小值 典型值 最大值单位 说明 电源电压为5VVIH 1.5 V VIL 1.3 V 电源电压为3VVIH 1.3 V VIL 1.0 V 电源电压为2.6VVIH 1.2 V VIL 1.0 V电气特性除特别说明外，环境温度T A ＝25℃。
Richtek技术公司RT8080 DS8080-00 July 2012数据手册说明书
RT8080®Copyright 2012 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation.©Featuresz 2.8V to 5.5V Input Rangez Adjustable Output From 0.6V to V IN z 1A Output Current z 95% Efficiencyz No Schottky Diode Requiredz 1.5MHz Fixed-Frequency PWM Operation z Small 6-Lead WDFN PackagezRoHS Compliant and Halogen FreeApplicationsz Mobile Phonesz Personal Information Appliances z Wireless and DSL Modems z MP3 PlayerszPortable Instruments1.5MHz, 1A, High Efficiency PWM Step-Down DC/DC ConverterGeneral DescriptionThe RT8080 is a high efficiency Pulse-Width-Modulated (PWM) step-down DC/DC converter. Capable of delivering 1A output current over a wide input voltage range from 2.8V to 5.5V, the RT8080 is ideally suited for portable electronic devices that are powered from 1-cell Li-ion battery or from other power sources such as cellular phones, PDAs and hand-held devices.Two operating modes are available including : PWM/Low-Dropout auto switch and shutdown modes. The Internal synchronous rectifier with low R DS(ON) dramatically reduces conduction loss at PWM mode. No external Schottky diode is required in practical application.The RT8080 enters Low Dropout mode when normal PWM cannot provide regulated output voltage by continuously turning on the upper P-MOSFET . When EN pin is pulled low, the RT8080 will enter shutdown mode and consume less than 0.1μA.The switching ripple is easily smoothed-out by small package filtering elements due to a fixed operating frequency of 1.5MHz. This along with small WDFN-6L 2x2package provides small PCB area application. Other features include soft start, lower internal reference voltage with 2% accuracy, over temperature protection, and over current protection.Simplified Application CircuitVINOUTMarking Information0V : Product CodeW : Date CodeRT8080©Copyright 2012 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation.Functional Pin DescriptionPin Configurations(TOP VIEW)WDFN-6L 2x2Ordering InformationNote :Richtek products are :` RoHS compliant and compatible with the current require-ments of IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020.` Suitable for use in SnPb or Pb-free soldering processes.RT8080G : Green (Halogen Free and Pb Free)NC EN FB GND LXVINFunction Block DiagramLXGNDRT8080©Copyright 2012 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation.OperationThe RT8080 is a synchronous step-down DC/DC converter with two integrated power MOSFETs and operates at 1.5MHz fixed frequency. It can deliver up to 1A output current from a 2.8V to 5.5V input supply. The RT8080's current mode architecture allows the transient response to be optimized over a wide input voltage and load range.Cycle-by-cycle current limit provides protection against shorted output and soft-start eliminates input current surge during start-up. The RT8080 is available in WDFN-6L 2x2(Exposed Pad) packages.The peak current of high side MOSFET is measured by internal sensing resistor. The Current Signal combines current sense with slope compensation and compares with COMP voltage by the PWM comparator. The error amplifier adjusts COMP voltage by comparing the feedback signal (V FB ) from the output voltage with the internal 0.6V reference. When the load current increases,it causes a drop in the feedback voltage relative to the reference, and the COMP voltage will rise to allow higher inductor current to match the load current.OSCThe internal oscillator typically runs at 1.5 MHz switching frequency.Over Temperature Protection (OTP)The RT8080 implement an internal over temperature protection. When junction temperature is higher than 150°C, it will stop switching. Once the junction temperature decreases below 130°C, the RT8080 will automatically resume switching.Enable ComparatorWhen EN pin input voltage is higher/lower than EN threshold voltage, the converter is enabled/disabled. The EN pin can be connected to VIN directly for automatic startup.Soft-Start (SS)An internal current source charges an internal capacitor to build the soft-start ramp-voltage (V SS ). The V F voltage will track the internal ramp voltage during the soft-start interval.RT8080©Copyright 2012 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation.Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)z Supply Input Voltage, VIN ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −0.3V to 6.5V z EN, FB to GND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ −0.3V to V INzLX to GND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ −0.3V to (V IN + 0.3V)<20ns ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −4.5V to 7.5V zPower Dissipation, P D @ T A = 25°CWDFN-6L 2x2-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------0.833W zPackage Thermal Resistance (Note 2)WDFN-6L 2x2, θJA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------120°C/W WDFN-6L 2x2, θJC -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8.2°C/W z Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.)------------------------------------------------------------------------260°Cz Storage T emperature Range ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −65°C to 150°C z Junction T emperature ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------150°C zESD Susceptibility (Note 3)HBM (Human Body Model)---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2kVElectrical CharacteristicsRecommended Operating Conditions (Note 4)z Supply Input Voltage, VIN ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2.8V to 5.5V z Junction T emperature Range ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −40°C to 125°C zAmbient T emperature Range ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −40°C to 85°CRT8080©Copyright 2012 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation.Note 1. Stresses beyond those listed “Absolute Maximum Ratings ” may cause permanent damage to the device. These arestress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions may affect device reliability.Note 2. θJA is measured at T A = 25°C on a high effective thermal conductivity four-layer test board per JEDEC 51-7. θJC ismeasured at the exposed pad of the package.Note 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precaution recommended.Note 4. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating conditions.Note 5. Guarantee by design.RT8080©Copyright 2012 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation.Typical Application CircuitV INOUTTable 1. Recommended Component SelectionRT8080©Copyright 2012 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation.Typical Operating CharacteristicsOutput Voltage vs. Input Voltage1.181.191.201.211.221.232.533.544.555.5Input Voltage (V)O u t p u t V o l t a g e (V )EN Pin Threshold vs. Temperature0.50.60.70.80.91.01.11.21.31.41.5-50-25255075100125Temperature (°C)E N P i n T h r e s h o l d (V)UVLO Voltage vs. Temperature1.61.71.81.92.02.12.22.32.42.5-50-25255075100125Temperature (°C)I n p u t V o l t a g e (V )EN Pin Threshold vs. Input Voltage0.50.60.70.80.91.01.11.21.31.41.52.533.544.555.5Input Voltage (V)E N P i n T h r e s h o ld (V )Efficiency vs. Output Current010203040506070809010000.20.40.60.81Output Current (A)E f f i c i e n cy (%)Efficiency vs. Output Current010203040506070809010000.20.40.60.81Output Current (A)E f f i c i e n cy (%)RT8080©Copyright 2012 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation.Frequency vs. Input Voltage1.21.31.41.51.61.71.82.533.544.555.5Input Voltage (V)F r e q u e n c y (M H z )Frequency vs. Temperature1.21.31.41.51.61.71.8-50-25255075100125Temperature (°C)F r e q u e n c y (M H z )Output Voltage vs. Temperature1.181.191.201.211.221.23-50-25255075100125Temperature (°C)O u t p u t V o l t a g e (V)Current Limit vs. Input Voltage1.21.41.61.82.02.22.533.544.555.5Input Voltage (V)C u r r e n t L i m i t (A)Output Current Limit vs. Temperature0.81.01.21.41.61.82.0-50-25255075100125Temperature (°C)C u r r e n t L i m i t (A )Output Voltage vs. Output Current1.181.191.201.211.221.230.20.40.60.81Output Current (A)O u t p ut V o l t a g e (V )RT8080©Copyright 2012 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation.Load Transient ResponseTime (50μs/Div)V IN = 3.6V, V OUT = 1.2V, I OUT = 50mA to 1AV OUT (50mV/Div)I OUT(500mA/Div)Load Transient ResponseTime (50μs/Div)V OUT (50mV/Div)I OUT(500mA/Div)V IN = 3.6V, V OUT = 1.2V, I OUT = 50mA to 0.5APower Off from ENTime (100μs/Div)V IN = 3.6V, V OUT = 1.2V, I LX = 1AV OUT (1V/Div)V EN (2V/Div)I LX (1A/Div)Power On from VINTime (1ms/Div)V EN = 3V, V OUT = 1.2V, I LX = 1AV OUT (1V/Div)V IN (2V/Div)I LX (1A/Div)Power On from ENTime (500μs/Div)V IN = 3.6V, V OUT = 1.2V, I OUT = 10mAV OUT (1V/Div)V EN (2V/Div)I IN(500mA/Div)Power On from ENTime (500μs/Div)V IN = 3.6V, V OUT = 1.2V, I OUT = 1AV OUT (1V/Div)V EN (2V/Div)I IN(500mA/Div)RT8080©Copyright 2012 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation.Load Transient ResponseTime (50μs/Div)V IN = 5V, V OUT = 1.2V,I OUT = 50mA to 1AV OUT (50mV/Div)I OUT(500mA/Div)Load Transient ResponseTime (50μs/Div)V IN = 5V, V OUT = 1.2V,I OUT = 50mA to 0.5AV OUT (50mV/Div)I OUT(500mA/Div)Output Ripple VoltageTime (500ns/Div)V IN = 3.6V, V OUT = 1.2V,I OUT = 1AV OUT (10mV/Div)V LX (2V/Div)Output Ripple VoltageTime (500ns/Div)V IN = 5V, V OUT = 1.2V,I OUT = 1AV OUT (10mV/Div)V LX (2V/Div)DS8080-00 July 2012©Copyright 2012 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation.Applications InformationThe basic RT8080 application circuit is shown in Typical Application Circuit. External component selection is determined by the maximum load current and begins with the selection of the inductor value and operating frequency followed by C IN and C OUT .Inductor SelectionFor a given input and output voltage, the inductor value and operating frequency determine the ripple current. The ripple current ΔI L increases with higher V IN and decreases with higher inductance.This formula has a maximum at V IN = 2V OUT , where I RMS = I OUT /2. This simple worst-case condition is commonly used for design because even significant deviations do not offer much relief. Note that ripple current ratings from capacitor manufacturers are often based on only 2000 hours of life which makes it advisable to further derate the capacitor, or choose a capacitor rated at a higher temperature than required. Several capacitors may also be paralleled to meet size or height requirements in the design.The selection of C OUT is determined by the Effective Series Resistance (ESR) that is required to minimize voltage ripple and load step transients, as well as the amount of bulk capacitance that is necessary to ensure that the control loop is stable. Loop stability can be checked by viewing the load transient response as described in a later section. The output ripple, ΔV OUT , is determined by :⎡⎤⎡⎤Δ×−⎢⎥⎢⎥×⎣⎦⎣⎦OUT OUT L IN V V I = 1f L V ⎡⎤⎡⎤×−⎢⎥⎢⎥×Δ⎣⎦⎣⎦OUT OUT L(MAX)IN(MAX)V V L = 1f IV RMS OUT(MAX)I = I ⎡⎤Δ≤Δ⎢⎥⎣⎦OUT L OUT 1V I ESR+8fC Inductor Core SelectionOnce the value for L is known, the type of inductor must be selected. High efficiency converters generally cannot afford the core loss found in low cost powdered iron cores,forcing the use of more expensive ferrite or mollypermalloy cores. Actual core loss is independent of core size for a fixed inductor value but it is very dependent on the inductance selected. As the inductance increases, core losses decrease. Unfortunately, increased inductance requires more turns of wire and therefore copper losses will increase.Ferrite designs have very low core losses and are preferred at high switching frequencies, so design goals can concentrate on copper loss and preventing saturation.Ferrite core material saturates “hard ”, which means that inductance collapses abruptly when the peak designHaving a lower ripple current reduces the ESR losses in the output capacitors and the output voltage ripple. Highest efficiency operation is achieved at low frequency with small ripple current. This, however, requires a large inductor.A reasonable starting point for selecting the ripple current is ΔI L = 0.4(I MAX ). The largest ripple current occurs at the highest V IN . To guarantee that the ripple current stays below a specified maximum, the inductor value should be chosen according to the following equation :current is exceeded. This results in an abrupt increase in inductor ripple current and consequent output voltage ripple.Do not allow the core to saturate!Different core materials and shapes will change the size/current and price/current relationship of an inductor.T oroid or shielded pot cores in ferrite or permalloy materials are small and don't radiate energy but generally cost more than powdered iron core inductors with similar characteristics. The choice of which style inductor to use mainly depends on the price vs size requirements and any radiated field/EMI requirements.C IN and C OUT SelectionThe input capacitance, C IN , is needed to filter the trapezoidal current at the source of the top MOSFET. To prevent large ripple voltage, a low ESR input capacitor sized for the maximum RMS current should be used. RMS current is given by :©Copyright 2012 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology ing Ceramic Input and Output CapacitorsHigher values, lower cost ceramic capacitors are now becoming available in smaller case sizes. Their high ripple current, high voltage rating and low ESR make them ideal for switching regulator applications. However, care must be taken when these capacitors are used at the input and output. When a ceramic capacitor is used at the input and the power is supplied by a wall adapter through long wires, a load step at the output can induce ringing at the input, V IN . At best, this ringing can couple to the output and be mistaken as loop instability. At worst, a sudden inrush of current through the long wires can potentially cause a voltage spike at V IN large enough to damage the part.Output Voltage ProgrammingThe resistive divider allows the FB pin to sense a fraction of the output voltage as shown in Figure 1.Figure 1. Setting the Output VoltageFor adjustable voltage mode, the output voltage is set by an external resistive divider according to the following equation :V OUT⎛⎞=⎜⎟⎝⎠OUT REF R1V V 1+R2where V REF is the internal reference voltage (0.6V typ.)Figure 2. Derating Curve of Maximum Power DissipationThermal ConsiderationsThe maximum power dissipation depends on the thermal resistance of IC package, PCB layout, the rate of surroundings airflow and temperature difference between junction to ambient. The maximum power dissipation can be calculated by following formula :P D(MAX) = (T J(MAX) − T A ) / θJAWhere T J(MAX) is the maximum operation junction temperature, T A is the ambient temperature and the θJA is the junction to ambient thermal resistance.For recommended operating condition specifications, the maximum junction temperature is 125°C. The junction to ambient thermal resistance, θJA , is layout dependent. For WDFN-6L 2x2 packages, the thermal resistance θJA is 120°C/W on the standard JEDEC 51-7 four layers thermal test board. The maximum power dissipation at T A = 25°C can be calculated by following formula :P D(MAX) = (125°C − 25°C) / 120°C/W = 0.833W for WDFN-6L 2x2 packagesT he maximum power dissipation depends on the operating ambient temperature for fixed T J(MAX) and thermal resistance, θJA . The derating curve in Figure 2 of derating curves allows the designer to see the effect of rising ambient temperature on the maximum power allowed.0.00.20.40.60.81.0255075100125Ambient Temperature (°C)M a x i m u m P o w e r D i s s ip a t i o n (W )DS8080-00 July 2012©Copyright 2012 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation.Figure 3. PCB Layout GuideLayout note :1. The distance that C IN connects to V IN is as close as possible (Under 2mm).2. C OUT should be placed near RT8080.Layout ConsiderationsTable 2. Recommended InductorsDD as closer as possiblethis traceW-Type 6L DFN 2x2 PackageRichtek Technology Corporation5F, No. 20, Taiyuen Street, Chupei CityHsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.Tel: (8863)5526789Richtek products are sold by description only. Richtek reserves the right to change the circuitry and/or specifications without notice at any time. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information and data sheets before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. Richtek cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Richtek product. Information furnished by Richtek is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Richtek or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Richtek or its subsidiaries.。
[通信电子]电路板故障维修测试仪ICT4040UXPII
![[通信电子]电路板故障维修测试仪ICT4040UXPII](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/4fb94ae4f80f76c66137ee06eff9aef8941e48d5.png)
ICT-4040UXPⅡ资料新型的ICT4040UXP-Ⅱ可在WIN98，WIN2000，WIN XP 等系统下工作，带有USB接口，双CPU工作，速度更快，效率更高。
可测三端器件，另外有俄罗斯库，西门子库，可定量测试L，C，R参数。
产品特点：在维修各种电子设备时，您是否常因图纸资料不全而束手无策？您是否常因高昂的维修费用而增添烦恼？[ICT]系列检测仪帮助您解除电路板维修中的烦恼。
配合电脑使用，全部智能化。
它利用电脑来弥补人工维修能力的不足，能够在维修人员缺乏图纸资料或不清楚电路板工作原理的情况下，对各种类型的电路板进行ASA分析或ICT测试，在线检测元器件好坏，迅速检测到电路板上故障元器件。
简捷经济地修好各种类型电路板。
产品特点：◆先进的测试技术，强大的驱动能力，任何故障原因的电路板皆可修好◆友好简单的中文操作界面，不经专业训练，任何人均可成为维修专家◆无需电路原理图，不必知道器件型号，对任何电路板皆可快速维修◆40×2路数字电路测试功能，备有TTL/CMOS/RAM及中规模集成电路数据库；◆40×2（ASA）V/I，曲线分析测试功能◆电路板测试存储功能，被测板可与之比较◆与进口同类仪器比较，性价比更优，操作更方便◆通用于各类双列直插式封装芯片，可为大中规模集成电路提供分析测试。
◆本功能亦可通过学习记录，比较分析来测试。
技术规格：Windows界面可在WIN98，WIN2000，WIN XP 等系统下工作双CPU工作，速度更快，效率更高。
功能测试40×2通道VI曲线测试40×2通道双测试夹VI曲线测试网络提取程控加电EPROM/RAM在线读取模拟器件VI曲线测试总线隔离信号中文维修笔记一、序言GT/ICT系列测试仪已推出近十年。
一方面渐入人心，一方面用户也有了更高的要求。
我公司集多年不懈努力，成功研制出换代产品GT/ICT-Ⅱ系列，把GT/ICT测试仪发展到了一个新的阶段，能够更好的满足用户的实际需求。
ICT基本测试原理
上海桐君电子有限公司
电容测试 --
AC(3uF以下) Mode 0,1,2,3
由OSC分别产生1kHZ / 10kHZ / 100kHZ / 1MHZ 的AC输出信号, 其振幅均为固定(40mVrms)
∵ Vs / Ix = Xc =∣1 / ( jωCx )∣= 1 / ( 2πf Cx ) ∴量回Ix 的振幅, 即可求得Cx 晶振测试，若ICT无晶振测试板，则可作小电容测试
上海桐君电子有限公司
开短路测试
开/短路学习 凡两两之间电阻 ≦ 25Ω的针号归入 一个SHORT GROUP, 反之亦然. 开路测试 在SHORT GROUP内进行 以55Ω为判断标准 短路测试 在SHORT GROUP之间进行 不处于任何SG内的点可视为单点SG 以5Ω为判断标准
LEARNING ≦25Ω >25Ω
上海桐君电子有限公司
电阻测试 –
小电阻四线量测 Mode 6
小电阻(50欧姆以内)四线量测 ： 小电阻两端各下两支探针，1-4号探针的接触阻抗分别为R1-R4, Ra,Rb,Rc,Rd分别为四次测试之量测值 Ra=R1+R2 Rb=R3+R4 Rc=R1+Rx+R4 Rd=R2+Rx+R3 Rx=(Rc+Rd-Ra-Rb)/2
Hi A
Iak
G Gp Lo K
上海桐君电子有限公司
PN结测试 --
IC保护二极管
大部分IC在I/O PIN中, 会加上保 护DIODE. 故可通过测其DIODE 来判定插反,空焊,漏件,开/短路以 及IC保护DIODE不良等情形, 但 对IC内部的电性不良则必须依赖 功能测试.
IC并联之保护二极管无法测试 ； 一般记忆性IC很少内建PN结， 如ROM，RAM，EPPROM等
lcd的接口简介(8080模式)
LCD的接口简介（8080模式）
整理人：雨山2013-01-10
一般的lcd简介当中都会出现这么几个词，lcd的接口为16位的80并口，那么什么是16位的80并口呢？
其实，80并口全称为8080并口协议是有因特尔公司提出的，除8080接口协议外还有摩托罗拉的6800接口协议，其不同在于控制器，如下
8080是通过“读使能（RE）”和“写使能（WE）”两条控制线进行读写操作6800是通过“总使能（E）”和“读写选择（W/R）”两条控制线进行
很多MCU或者LCD模块外部接口一般采用并行方式,并行接口接口线的读写时序常见以下两种模式:
(1)8080模式。
这类模式通常有下列接口信号:
/RES（复位线），DB0~DB7(双向数据线),Ｄ/Ｉ（数据/指令选择线，1:数据读写,0:命令读写），CS（片选信号线，如果有多片组合,可有多条片选信号线）,/WR（MPU 向LCD写入数据控制线）,/RD（MPU从LCD读入数据控制线）；
(2)6800模式。
在这种模式下,/RES、DB0~DB7、D/I的功能同模式(1),其他信号线为:R/W读写控制(1:MPU读, 0:MPU写)。
E,允许信号(多片组合时,可有多条允许信号线)。
M68是摩托罗拉的标准接口，I80是英特尔的标准接口。
西门子8008-8080单片机和8-bit ALU 12-bit PROM tester设计说明书
and LED may be used to see
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ICT-8080UXPⅡ、新型的ICT8080UXP-Ⅱ可在WIN98，WIN2000，WIN XP 等系统下工作，带有USB接口，双CPU工作，速度更快，效率更高。
可测三端器件，另外有俄罗斯库，西门子库，可定量测试L，C，R参数。
产品特点：在维修各种电子设备时，您是否常因图纸资料不全而束手无策？您是否常因高昂的维修费用而增添烦恼？[ICT]系列检测仪帮助您解除电路板维修中的烦恼。
配合电脑使用，全部智能化。
它利用电脑来弥补人工维修能力的不足，能够在维修人员缺乏图纸资料或不清楚电路板工作原理的情况下，对各种类型的电路板进行ASA分析或ICT测试，在线检测元器件好坏，迅速检测到电路板上故障元器件。
简捷经济地修好各种类型电路板。
产品特点：◆先进的测试技术，强大的驱动能力，任何故障原因的电路板皆可修好◆友好简单的中文操作界面，不经专业训练，任何人均可成为维修专家◆无需电路原理图，不必知道器件型号，对任何电路板皆可快速维修◆80×2路数字电路测试功能，备有TTL/CMOS/RAM及中规模集成电路数据库；◆80×2（ASA）V/I，曲线分析测试功能◆电路板测试存储功能，被测板可与之比较◆与进口同类仪器比较，性价比更优，操作更方便◆通用于各类双列直插式封装芯片，可为大中规模集成电路提供分析测试。
◆本功能亦可通过学习记录，比较分析来测试。
技术规格：Windows界面可在WIN98，WIN2000，WIN XP 等系统下工作双CPU工作，速度更快，效率更高。
功能测试80×2通道VI曲线测试80×2通道双测试夹VI曲线测试网络提取程控加电EPROM/RAM在线读取模拟器件VI曲线测试总线隔离信号中文维修笔记一、序言GT/ICT系列测试仪已推出近十年。
一方面渐入人心，一方面用户也有了更高的要求。
我公司集多年不懈努力，成功研制出换代产品GT/ICT-Ⅱ系列，把GT/ICT测试仪发展到了一个新的阶段，能够更好的满足用户的实际需求。
从测试技术方面来看，GT/ICT测试仪是“后驱动”、“器件模拟端口分析（ASA）”测试技术的简单使用，而GT/ICT-Ⅱ系列是在跟随这两项技术在国际上的最新发展，在总结了多年来的实际应用经验的基础上重新设计而成，因而有更好的测试效果；从产品的软、硬件实现技术方面来看，GT/ICT软件脱胎于DOS系统，主要由中小规模集成电路组成，而GT/ICT-Ⅱ系列完全在Windows平台上打造，大量采用了大规模EPLD、表面贴装器件等现代电路设计技术，因而具有更友好的人-机界面，更高的技术指标和可靠性。
全面提高技术水平的目的，是改进、扩充测试功能。
为突出重点，首先在本文中介绍对两个最常用的测试功能：“ASA（VI）曲线测试”、“数（注意相同之处不再赘述，请参见GT/ICT测试仪的相关说明）。
字器件在线功能测试”的改进。
我们将在以后的文章中，介绍其它方面的改进。
需要说明的是，市场上的GT/ICT系列测试仪有几个版本，总体水平差别不大，仅软件界面形式略有不同。
本文主要以其中一种作为参照。
二、对ASA（VI）曲线测试的改进2.1 大大扩展了故障覆盖范围这里扩展范围，是指GT/ICT测试仪不能测试，或测试效果不好，而GT/ICT-Ⅱ能够测试，或测试效果有较大改进。
2.1.1 测试三端器件GT/ICT测试仪不能全面检测三端器件的好坏。
GT/ICT-Ⅱ彻底解决了这个问题。
三端器件是指闸流管（可控硅）、MOS三极管、电压调节器等具有三个引出端，以及光藕、继电器等可以等效成三个引出端的器件。
下面以闸流管（可控硅）为例，来说明GT/ICT-Ⅱ如何改进了对此类元件的测试。
用GT/ICT测试闸流管，当ASA（正弦）测试信号加在它的阳极和阴极之间时，控制端没有信号，闸流管处于截止状态，所以从曲线上只能观察到截止状态是否正常（两极之间是否短路、或有较大漏流），不能发现导通状态是否正常。
比如，会把阳极和阴极开路的故障误判成截止状态正常。
GT/ICT-Ⅱ设计了一个脉冲信号，测试时加在闸流管的控制端，控制闸流管在ASA（正弦）测试信号期间出现导通、截止两种状态，实现了对闸流管进行全面的检测。
例1：用GT/ICT-Ⅱ测出的无故障闸流管的曲线图中横线是否足够水平反映了截止状态是否够好、竖线是否足够垂直反映了导通阻抗是否足够小、竖线与纵轴的间距就是导通电压的大小。
（GT/ICT测试仪只能测出一根水平线。
）测试不同的三端器件需要不同的控制方式——正弦波和脉冲的匹配（同步）形式。
为了更好地满足测试各种三端器件的不同要求，在GT/ICT-Ⅱ上共设置了八种匹配方式——脉冲相对于正弦波的起始、结束位置及宽度、高度均可调整；支持单向触发、双向触发。
详细情况请参见产品使用说明。
2.1.2 自动曲线灵敏度调整GT/ICT测试仪没有ASA曲线对电路变化（故障）的自动灵敏度调整功能，有些本该能够检测出来的故障因此不能发现。
我们来比较下面三组电阻的ASA曲线。
0.1K/0.15K 1K/1.5K 10K/15K第一组显示了0.1K和0.15K电阻的VI曲线；第二组1K和1.5K；第三组10K和15K。
尽管实际电路的相对变化大小完全相同，但看上去中间两条曲线差别大，两边的要小得多。
我们说，中间组的曲线灵敏度高，而两边组的灵敏度低。
由于ASA测试是通过曲线位置差异大小来发现故障的，所以，在故障测试中很可能只判断中间组有问题。
可以证明，VI曲线的走向趋势越接近45度，反映电路变化的灵敏程度越高；如果VI曲线是一个封闭图形，曲线包围的面积越大，灵敏度越高。
曲线的灵敏度与被测试点的特征和测试参数相关。
依据具体的结点特征，调整测试参数，从而得到较高灵敏度的曲线，叫做调整VI曲线（关于电路故障的）灵敏度。
GT/ICT-Ⅱ新增加了自动曲线灵敏度调整功能。
对于上面三种情况，在选中自动灵敏度调整后，测到的三组曲线都和中间组一样。
2.1.3 测试大电容GT/ICT只能测试最大约两、三百微法的电解电容的好坏。
GT/ICT-Ⅱ把检测范围扩大到了两万微法以上。
排查电路板上容量较大的电解电容的漏电、容量变化导致的故障，是一件相当令人头痛的事情。
对维修测试来说，利用ASA曲线测试进行检测可能是最好的办法。
但是GT/ICT测试仪的测试范围小，当容量到几百微法以上时，本该是一个椭圆的电容ASA曲线就蜕化成了一根短路线（所包围的面积趋于零），根本无法判别出好坏。
GT/ICT-Ⅱ加宽了测试仪的技术指标，对于高达两万多微法的电容，都能测出一个包围了相当面积的椭圆。
2.1.4 给同一器件的不同管脚设置不同的测试参数GT/ICT没有这个功能，导致对有的器件测试效果差，有的器件无法测试。
用GT/ICT测试仪测试一个有多个管脚的器件的曲线，所有管脚都只能使用同样的测试参数，所有管脚都要依次测试一遍。
但实际检测中，确实存在不同管脚最好使用不同测试参数，来保证最好测试效果，也存在个别管脚不允许测试的情况。
比如，集电极开路器件7403的输入是标准TTL电平，而输出最大耐压可达32V，常用于驱动数码管、继电器等。
测试这种器件，测试输入、输出脚的信号幅度要分别设置：对输入应设在略大于5V；对于输出应设置在略大于负载电压，小于32V之间（比如驱动12V数码管时一般用15V），才能达到全面检测的目的。
GT/ICT测试仪不能满足这种使用要求。
还有，电路板上带电池的存储器里面有数据，在它的电源端、片选端不能加任何测试信号，否则会导致数据丢失。
GT/ICT测试仪不能测试这类器件。
GT/ICT-Ⅱ测试仪考虑到了这些情况。
允许分管脚设置测试参数，也允许指定不做测试的管脚。
2.2 大大提高了测试可靠性测试可靠性是指测试结果能真实反映实际情况，不会导致用户误判故障的能力。
2.2.1 曲线稳定性问题GT/ICT测试仪不能发现不稳定曲线，会把好电路误判为有故障。
即使电路完全没有故障，也存在这样的情况——在同一个管脚上，每次测到的曲线有明显不同。
这种情况叫做该处的曲线不稳定。
产生不稳定曲线的原因以及如何让曲线稳定下来的办法请参见“电路在线维修测试仪上的ASA测试”。
《设备管理与维修》2006.6,2006.7。
但测试仪首先要能够把不稳定曲线识别出来，然后才谈得到处理，否则就可能把好电路误判为有故障。
GT/ICT-Ⅱ能够把不稳定曲线识别出来，并且能具体指示出哪一个管脚上的曲线不稳定，这无疑有助于提高测试结果的可靠性。
2.2.2 接触问题使用测试夹学习ASA曲线的时候，器件管脚氧化、防锈涂层未打磨干净、测试夹引脚磨损等原因，经常造成夹子引脚与器件引脚接触不上，结果学习到了一条虚假的开路曲线；比较曲线时也有同样问题。
这种不可靠的曲线会导致误判，所以在实际使用中，一旦发现开路曲线，都要再次确认，比如打磨该引脚后重测。
问题在于使用测试夹测试时，一次测试要处理许多条曲线。
曲线多了以后，往往不能在一屏上一起都显示出来。
象GT/ICT测试仪那样，靠人工从许多条曲线中确认有无开路曲线，得来回翻屏或滚屏，不但效率低，而且容易漏检。
GT/ICT-Ⅱ设计了自动开路曲线侦测、提示功能。
在一次测试到的所有曲线中，只要存在开路曲线，会给出多种提示信息。
根据提示很容易找到它在哪个管脚上，很难漏检。
2.2.3 平均曲线当测试大量的相同对象（比如一批同样的电路板或相同器件）时，使用从哪个好的电路板或器件上学习到的曲线作为参照标准为最好呢？使用GT/ICT-Ⅱ测试仪，可以先学习几个好的电路板或器件，得到多个文件，然后利用平均曲线功能，把这些文件中的曲线自动求平均后，再自动生成一个新的曲线文件，作为以后的测试比较标准。
该功能通常用于建立高质量的标准曲线库。
2.3 大大提高了使用效率2.3.1 迅速发现并找到异常曲线（开路、不稳定、比较超差）用测试夹进行测试时，一次会提取、显示出多条曲线。
如何才能迅速判定这些曲线中是否有异常曲线（开路、不稳定、超差），并迅速找到异常曲线呢？使用GT/ICT，需要用户把所有曲线逐一检查一遍后进行判断。
不但效率，而且容易漏判。
为此，GT/ICT-Ⅱ增加了新的显示手段。
1．前面已经说明，GT/ICT-Ⅱ能够自动检测异常曲线。
在一次测试中哪怕只有一条异常曲线，首先在屏幕上部显著位置提示：有开路曲线或有不稳定曲线或比较超差，以引起用户注意；2．在学习曲线时，增加了按先异常、后正常排列方式，将异常管脚曲线排列在其它管脚曲线的前面；3．在曲线比较时，增加了按曲线误差大小顺序排列的方式，自动将误差较大的曲线排在前面（由于比较时主要关心超差曲线）；4．打开管脚列表窗口，直接提示在管脚号的旁边。
2.3.2 测试指定曲线一次测试了多条管脚曲线后，可能对某个管脚曲线有疑问，或不太满意。