2019版高考英语语法贯通课件：专题(一 名词与冠词(含答案)
2019版高考英语[江苏版]一轮配套讲义_专题一 名词、介词和代词 Word版附含答案解析
![2019版高考英语[江苏版]一轮配套讲义_专题一 名词、介词和代词 Word版附含答案解析](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/5d52731fa5e9856a561260a0.png)
第一部分语法知识专题一名词、介词和代词考纲解读分析解读:1.对名词的考查一直是江苏高考的重点,而名词与介词的搭配也是频繁出现。
因此牢固掌握意近、形近名词及相关短语是制胜的法宝。
2.最近几年,江苏高考卷中代词的考查题出现了一次,单一的介词考查题也很少。
命题探究五年高考考点一名词1.(2016天津,10)Theweatherforecastsaysitwillbecloudywithaslight ofrainlatertonight.A.effectB.senseC.changeD.chance答案 D2.(2016浙江,4)Itisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyour .A.conditionB.incomeC.creditD.status答案 C3.(2015江苏,32)Someschoolswillhavetomake inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.A.judgmentsB.adjustmentsmentsD.achievements答案 B4.(2015江苏,35)—GoandsaysorrytoyourMom,Dave.—I dliketo,butI mafraidshewon tbehappywithmy .A.requestsB.excusesC.apologiesD.regrets答案 C5.(2015浙江,15)Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduce istotalkaboutfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.A.productionB.stressC.energyD.power答案 B6.(2015安徽,30)Thereisnoneedtotellmeyouranswernow.Giveitsome andthenletmeknow.A.thoughtB.supportC.protectionD.authority答案 A7.(2015福建,24)Thefailurewasabigtohim,buthewasn tdiscouragedandsoongotasenthusiasticasever.A.blowB.issueC.excuseD.factor答案 A8.(2014江苏,27)Shewasputunderhousearresttwoyearsagobutremainedapowerfulinlastyear selection.A.symbolB.portraitC.identityD.statue答案 A9.(2014浙江,6)Wemostprefertosayyestothe ofsomeoneweknowandlike.A.attemptsB.requestsC.doubtsD.promises答案 B10.(2014福建,26)—Couldyoutellmethe ofmakingsuchtastycakes?—Well,Ijustfollowthedirectionsinthecookbook.A.featureB.planC.costD.trick答案 D11.(2013江苏,33)Withinspirationfromotherfoodcultures,Americanfoodculturecantakea forthebetter.A.shareB.chanceC.turnD.lead答案 C12.(2013湖北,22)Carbondioxide,whichmakesabetweenusandthesun,preventsheatfromgettingoutoftheatmosphereeasily,sotheearthisbecomingwarm er.A.differenceparisonC.connectionD.barrier答案 D考点二介词1.(2017天津,12)WhenyoudrivethroughtheRedwoodForestsinCalifornia,youwillbetreesthatareover1,000yearsold.A.amongB.againstC.behindD.below答案 A2.(2017北京,35)Manypeoplewholivealongthecoastmakealiving fishingindustry.A.atB.inC.onD.by答案 B3.(2016天津,2)Thedictionaryis :manywordshavebeenaddedtothelanguagesinceitwaspublished.A.outofcontrolB.outofdateC.outofsightD.outofreach答案 B4.(2016浙江,7)Thestudysuggeststhatthecultureswegrowup influencethebasicprocessesbywhichweseetheworldaroundus.A.onB.inC.atD.about答案 B5.(2015江苏,34)Manyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearound ThomasEdison.A.thankstoB.regardlessofC.asidefromD.butfor答案 D6.(2015重庆,10)Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord,withglobaltemperature0.68℃theaverage.A.belowB.onC.atD.above答案 D7.(2015浙江,10)Mostpeopleworkbecauseit sunavoidable. ,therearesomepeoplewhoactuallyenjoywork.A.AsaresultB.InadditionC.BycontrastD.Inconclusion答案 C8.(2015安徽,33)Theybelievethattherearetransportdevelopments thatwillbringalotofchangesforthebetter.A.outofdateB.outoforderC.aroundtheclockD.aroundthecorner答案 D9.(2015福建,32)Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,assuch,theonlywayforustosurviveistolive nature.A.inviewofB.inneedofC.intouchwithD.inharmonywith答案 D10.(2015湖北,30)Thismeetingroomisanon-smokingarea.Iwouldliketowarnyou thatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.A.inadvanceB.indetailC.intotalD.ingeneral答案 A11.(2014江苏,24)Tomalwaysgoesjogginginthemorningandheusuallydoespush-upstootostay .A.inplaceB.inorderC.inshapeD.infashion答案 C12.(2014浙江,18)There snoreasontobedisappointed. ,thiscouldberatheramusing.A.AboveallB.AsaresultC.InadditionD.Asamatteroffact答案 D13.(2014福建,22)Ourclubisopentoeveryone age,sexoreducationalbackground.A.duetoB.exceptforC.alongwithD.regardlessof14.(2014江西,25)Startingyourownbusinesscouldbeawaytoachievingfinancialindependence. ,itcouldjust putyouindebt.A.InotherwordsB.AllinallC.AsaresultD.Ontheotherhand答案 D15.(2014重庆,7)Shedrovesofastattheturnthatthecaralmostwent theroad.A.onB.alongC.fromD.off答案 D16.(2014大纲全国,29)September30istheday whichyoumustpayyourbill.A.byB.forC.withD.in答案 A17.(2014江西,33)ItisunbelievablethatMr.Lucasleadsasimplelife hisgreatwealth.A.withoutB.despiteC.inD.to答案 B18.(2013江苏,26)IamalwaysdelightedwhenIreceiveane-mailfromyou.thepartyonJuly1st,Ishallbepleasedtoattend.A.OnaccountofB.InresponsetoC.InviewofD.Withregardto答案 D19.(2013福建,29)Mrs.Smithfindsithardtoclearupthemess,asherchildrenarealways whenevershetriesto.A.inthewayB.onwatchC.insightD.ontheline答案 A20.(2013课标Ⅰ,34)Itwasarealrace timetogettheprojectdone.Luckily,wemadeit.A.overB.byC.forD.against答案 D考点三代词1.(2016浙江,3)Inmanyways,theeducationsystemintheUSisnotverydifferentfrom intheUK.A.thatB.thisC.oneD.it2.(2015重庆,2)ThemeetingwillbeheldinSeptember,but knowsthedateforsure.A.everybodyB.nobodyC.anybodyD.somebody答案 B3.(2015福建,21)Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey,but containedanyusefulsuggestions.A.allB.noneC.eitherD.neither答案 D4.(2015四川,10)Nikiisalwaysfullofideas,but isusefultomyknowledge.A.nothingB.nooneC.neitherD.none答案 D5.(2015陕西,13)Towarmhimself,thesailorsatinfrontofthefirerubbingonebarefootagainst .A.anotherB.theotherC.otherD.either答案 B6.(2015浙江,12)Howwouldyoulike ifyouwerewatchingyourfavoriteTVprogramandsomeonecameintotheroomandjustshutitoffwithoutaskin gyou?A.themB.oneC.thoseD.it答案 D7.(2014福建,21)Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whilein ,knivesandforks.A.anotherB.othersC.bothD.all答案 B8.(2014安徽,24)Youcanaskanyoneforhelp. hereiswillingtolendyouahand.A.OneB.NooneC.EveryoneD.Someone答案 C9.(2013课标Ⅱ,14)It saneither-orsituation—wecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecan tdo .A.othersB.eitherC.anotherD.both答案 D10.(2013江西,23) canbegoodatsomethingfor40yearsifhedoesn tloveit.A.AnybodyB.EverybodyC.NobodyD.Somebody答案 C11.(2013天津,12)Atourfactorythereareafewmachinessimilarto describedinthismagazine.A.themB.theseC.thoseD.ones答案 C12.(2013重庆,31)Recyclingisonewaytoprotecttheenvironment;reusingis .A.anotherB.theotherC.oneanotherD.one答案 A三年模拟A组2016—2018年模拟·基础题组考点一名词1.(2018江苏苏州期中,17)OneseniorresearchfellowfromCCG,saidheisoptimisticforthefutureofChina-UStiesandthatsma ll arenormal,buttheywon tinfluencethebiggerpicture.A.ambitionsB.frictionspetitionsD.conversations答案 B2.(2018江苏盐城期中,22)Abook-sharingprogramistotakeoff,wherecustomerscanborrowuptotwobooksforfreeafterpaying 99yuanonlineasthe .A.depositB.expenseC.allowancemission答案 A3.(2018江苏宝应中学第一次月考,34)AngelaandAjaniwillpickupthemarriage aftertheymeetonlineseveraltimes,whichisnotsensible.A.acquisitionB.identificationC.certificateD.qualification答案 C4.(2018江苏盐城中学第一次阶段性考试,22)Mr.Smithhasmanyincludinggardeningandwine-making.A.dimensionsB.foundationsC.affairsD.occupations答案 D5.(2017江苏扬州期中,23)Thegeneralmanagerdidn tkeepaneyeoutfortheofthesituation,resultinginthefairbeinginchaoslastweek.A.cautionB.preventionC.gravityD.recreation答案 C6.(2017江苏苏州高三上学期期中,27)Tobeanartistisnoteasy.Butsometimesdreamscanbearichsourceof foranartist.A.occasionB.identificationC.inspirationD.occupation答案 C7.(2017江苏镇江期中,21)Nocountrycouldseekdevelopmentonitsownandonesurepathisthroughunityand .A.evolutionB.cooperationC.satisfactionD.impression答案 B8.(2017江苏泰州中学高三上12月质检,21)Itisapparentthatanequal oftheeducationalresourcesiswhatthepublicneedbadlynowadays.A.contributionB.distributionC.locationD.separation答案 B9.(2016江苏苏锡常镇二模,22)Competitionforentrytotheseprogramsiskeen,andapplicantsneedabove-averagegradestogain .A.ambitionB.preferenceC.admissionpetence答案 C10.(2016江苏南京、盐城一模,30)Beijinghassetthecity spopulationat23millionby2020duetothescarcityofwaterandbigcitydiseasessuchastrafficjams.A.budgetB.ceilingC.explosionD.standard答案 B考点二介词1.(2018江苏无锡期中,34)Asisknowntousall,BritishSummerTimeisonehourGreenwichMeanTime.A.inadvanceofB.intermsofC.incontrasttoD.inrelationto答案 A2.(2018江苏南通中学月考,33)alltheworkyou reputtingin,rememberthatyou reprobablygrowingrootsnotfruit.A.ForfearofB.ApartfromC.RegardlessofD.Inspiteof答案 D3.(2018江苏宝应中学第一次月考,22)Ithinkwehavetofacethechallengeofthinkingaboutourlifestyle whatweeat.A.inspiteofB.owingtoC.regardlessofD.intermsof答案 D4.(2018江苏泰州中学月考,23)Whilethesuppliescanmeetourcurrentdemand,theycan, ,lastamonth.A.atcommandB.atlengthC.atrandomD.atbest答案 D5.(2017江苏苏州期中,22)theconsistenteffortsmadebythepeopleofHangzhou,preparatoryworkfortheG20Summithasbeenasuccess .A.ThankstoB.IntermsofC.WithregardtoD.Inadditionto答案 A6.(2017江苏苏州高三上学期期中,20)Ourgovernmenthastriedeverymeanstomakechildrenenjoytheequalrighttoreceiveeducation, theirfinancialsituation.A.intermsofB.onbehalfofC.regardlessofD.inviewof答案 C7.(2017江苏盐城期中,33)Ifcorruptionisnotcurbed(约束)bybringingtheguilttojustice,matterswillgowhatthemassescantolerate,withunimaginablyhorribleresults.A.beyondB.againstC.withoutD.through答案 A8.(2017江苏南通、徐州10月联考,38)theircultures,AmericanshavetakenoverfromtheIndiansmanyotherthings.A.OnbehalfofB.InpraiseofC.InpossessionofD.Ontopof答案 D9.(2016江苏苏北四市一模,26)ManyChineseuseWeChatforgroupcommunication internationalphonecallswhentravelingoverseas.A.inpreferencetoB.inbehalfofC.inreferencetoD.insearchof答案 A10.(2016江苏扬州一模,25)Themagicianpickedseveralpersons fromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.A.byaccidentB.atrandomC.atriskD.onaverage答案 B考点三代词formanyotheruniversitiesinChina.A.thatB.thoseC.onesD.one答案 B2.(2018江苏如东高级中学期中,41)—Hassherecovered?—No.Shehastakenalotofdifferentmedicines,but hasworkedonherillness.A.nothingB.noneC.neitherD.either答案 B3.(2018江苏宝应中学第一次月考,25)Insocietieswheresocialrolesaredetermined,boysusuallycopythebehavioroftheirfathers,and girlsusuallycopy oftheirmothers.A.thatB.thoseC.oneD.theones答案 A4.(2018江苏宝应中学第一次月考,26)isexpectedthatitwillbefinetomorrow,whenwecandosomeoutdooractivities.A.AsB.ItC.ThatD.Which答案 B5.(2018江苏泰州中学月考,21)Oftheequipmentwehaveproduced,thissellsbest,forithastheadvantageover ofworkingefficiently.A.theothersB.therestC.othersD.another答案 B6.(2018江苏宝应中学第一次月考,30)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark, parentsseatedtogetherjoking.A.whoseB.theirC.whichD.that答案 B7.(2017江苏苏州期中,17)Aresponsibleteachermustseeto thateveryoneofhisstudentsdevelopshisfullpotential.A.allB.themC./D.it答案 Dcouldhelpthemkeepwarmthroughthewinter.A.oneB.thatC.itD.onethat答案 D9.(2016江苏常州一模,21)“MadeinChina2025”aimstotransformChinafromaproduct-makingfactoryintoaproduct-makingpower, drivenbyinnovation.A.theonethatB.onethatC.oneD.theone答案 CB组2016—2018年模拟·提升题组(满分:25分时间:25分钟)1.(2018江苏泰州中学月考,30)It sreportedthatSteveJobspassedawayonWednesdayOct.5,2011.What syour ofthelossthathisdeathhasbroughtabouttoApple?A.associationB.assessmentC.assumptionD.appointment答案 B2.(2018江苏南京高淳区97校联考,24)Nowadayswhentraveling,travelersusuallyuseWeChattosharetheirfeelingsabouttheirtripswit hdescriptionsoftheirexperiences,offeringviewersa(n) fortheimaginationofreality.A.feastB.accountndscapeD.principle答案 A3.(2018江苏如东高级中学期中,31)Sinclair snextcomputer,theZX81,wasanevenbiggerhit,andthecompany sgrewby600%overthepreviousyear.A.allowanceB.receiptsC.financeD.salary答案 B4.(2018江苏南通中学月考,26)WhenyoucastaA.glanceB.doubtC.shadowD.vision答案 D5.(2018江苏南京高淳区97校联考,33)—Congratulationsonyourgirlfriend sbeingofferedthejob. —Thankyou,butshe sgotit hergreaterperseverance.A.intermsofB.inresponsetoC.byvirtueofD.withrespectto答案 C6.(2018江苏如东高级中学期中,32)Anotherreasonthatmenmakegreatnursesisthat ,menhavestrongerbodiesthanwomen.A.inallB.inparticularC.ingeneralD.inconclusion答案 C7.(2018江苏如东高级中学期中,30)theshortageoftime,thechairmandecidedthateachcandidateshouldfinishthespeechwithinfiveminutes .A.IncontrasttoB.InresponsetoC.IntermsofD.Inviewof答案 D8.(2018江苏如东高级中学期中,27)—It sdisappointingthatJohnfailedinthemathsexam.—Don tlookathimas ofaloser.Hewillcatchupsoonifheworkshard.A.allB.somethingC.someD.everything答案 B9.(2018江苏南通中学月考,25)Beingateacherisnotalwayseasy,andbeingtheteacherofaphysicallychallengedstudentoftencar rieswith extrastress.A.oneB.himC.itD.them答案 C10.(2017江苏南通、徐州10月联考,37)Asisoftenthecase,teachers withparentsinvolvecomplaintsaboutchildren smisbehaviorandlazinessinschool.A.acquaintancesB.negotiations答案 C11.(2017江苏盐城期中,30)Theforceofslowsthespacecraftdownasitre-enterstheearth satmosphere.A.frictionB.assessmentC.appointmentD.inspiration答案 A12.(2017江苏南通、徐州10月联考,27)Thesuggestionsdeservesupportastheneedsofchildrenshouldbegiven to.A.priorityB.preferenceC.privilegeD.promotion答案 A13.(2017江苏扬州期中,31)Everyday,Chinesepeopledependonourdiligenceandintelligencetokeepoursecondgreatestecono myprosperousand .A.inthewayB.onthemoveC.inthefirstplaceD.onbehalfof答案 B14.(2017江苏四校联考,28)InthedeafcultureofNorthAmerica,manylistenersshow notbyclappingtheirhandsbutbywavingthemintheair.A.disapprovalB.applauseC.affectionD.direction答案 B15.(2017江苏江都中学期中,34)Ismoke ,notforpleasure,forIhavebeen fortwentyyears.A.outofahabit;inthehabitB.outofthehabit;inahabitC.outofhabit;inthehabitD.outofhabit;inhabit答案 C16.(2017江苏苏北四市高三摸底,32)Consideringthelocationtheprice,manyparentsbuyhousesfortheirchildren seducation.C.inadditiontoD.inregardto答案 A17.(2017江苏苏州模拟,32)InBeijingOpera,performersarerequiredtopainttheirfacesinpatternsandcolorstohelpshowthe anddepthsofthecharacters personalities.A.dimensionsB.certificatesC.occupationsD.consciences答案 A18.(2017江苏南京、盐城一模,21)Manypeopletendtoassumethatjustmeanscreatingsomethingnew,butactuallyit smorethanthat—it sanattitudeofdoingthings.A.imitationB.imaginationC.innovationD.inspiration答案 C19.(2017江苏无锡期末,22)—Peter,thisisHanna,afamousmodelfromNewYork.—Howdoyoudo?I mverydelightedtomakeyour .A.identificationB.acquaintanceC.familiarityD.identity答案 B20.(2016江苏南通二模,32)ThearticleintheTimesgivesusareal intothecausesofthepresenteconomiccrisis.A.enquiryB.admissionC.insightD.division答案 C21.(2016江苏南京、盐城二模,34)Differentculturalfeaturesofethnicgroupsare oneanotherandworkoutamelody.A.intunewithB.inparallelwithC.incontrastwithD.inresponseto答案 A22.(2016江苏无锡一模,23)Britainisa “second-ratepower” whichhasbeen foracentury—yetLondonremainsthemostinfluentialcityintheworld.C.onthemoveD.ontherise答案 A23.(2016江苏苏北四市一模,24)Thepolicehavealreadyinvestigatedsomewitnessesandthe isthatitwasjustanaccident.A.conscienceB.criterionC.consensusD.contract答案 C24.(2016江苏苏锡常镇一模,31)The ofseverepunishmentsplaysamajorroleinthegrowingroadsafetyproblems.A.presenceB.absenceC.existenceD.evidence答案 B25.(2016江苏南京、盐城一模,23)Aworldwide tohealthierdietsisoneofmanyactionsthatneedtobetakentoavoiddangerousclimatechange.A.shiftB.admissionC.witnessD.response答案 A历年高考试题汇编考点一名词1.(2015湖北,22)Hegavehimselfanewnametohidehis whenhewenttocarryoutthesecrettask.A.emotionB.talentC.identityD.treasure答案 C2.(2014天津,3)Windisnowtheworld sfastestgrowing ofpower.A.sourceB.senseC.resultD.root答案 A3.(2014湖北,22)WhenRichardsaid,“Youaremuchmoreagreeableandprettiernow,”Joan sfaceturnedredattheunexpected .A.contributionplimentparisonmand4.(2014安徽,29)—Whynotbuyasecond-handcarfirstifyoudon thaveenoughmoneyforanewone? —That sagood .A.sayingB.questionC.suggestionD.account答案 C5.(2014湖北,21)Her forwritingwasadesireforwomentogettherighttohighereducation.A.talentB.motivationC.qualificationD.technique答案 B6.(2013浙江,4)Astheworld spopulationcontinuestogrow,the offoodbecomesmoreandmoreofaconcern.A.worthB.supplyC.packageD.list答案 B7.(2013湖北,21)Poetrywrittenfromthe oftheurbanyouthtendstorevealtheiranxietyoveralackofsenseofbelonging.A.perspectiveB.priorityC.participationD.privilege答案 A8.(2013江西,22)WheneverImademistakes,theteacherpointedthemoutwith .A.curiosityB.satisfactionC.envyD.patience答案 D9.(2013天津,7)WhileshewasinParis,shedevelopeda forfineart.A.wayB.relationC.tasteD.habit答案 C考点二介词1.(2015浙江,17)Thesecommentscame specificquestionsoftenaskedbylocalnewsmen.A.inmemoryofB.inresponsetoC.intouchwithD.inpossessionof答案 B江,10)Whilestayinginthevillage,Jamesunselfishlysharedwhateverhehadwiththevillagerswithoutas kingforanything .A.inreturnB.incommonC.inturnD.inplace答案 A3.(2014天津,6)theschool,thevillagehasaclinic,whichwasalsobuiltwithgovernmentsupport.A.InreplytoB.InadditiontoC.InchargeofD.Inplaceof答案 B4.(2014浙江,17)Peoplewon tpayattentiontoyouwhentheystillhavealotofideasoftheirowncrying expression.A.fromB.overC.withD.for答案 D5.(2013辽宁,25) everyonehere,Iwishyouapleasantjourneybacktoyourcountry.A.BymeansofB.OnbehalfofC.InsearchofD.Forfearof答案 B6.(2013陕西,24)Themanagerwantstoseechangesinthecompany,andIamsurehewill .A.inparticularB.inturnC.inchargeD.intime答案 D7.(2013浙江,14)Itwillbeabighelpifyougotothestoreandgetwhatweneedfordinner. ,I llsetthetable.A.AsaresultB.OnthewholeC.InthemeanwhileD.Asamatteroffact答案 C8.(2013湖北,30)Anartistwhowasrecentlytravelingonaferrytothesouthernislanddiscovered alonglostantiqueGreekvase.A.atrandomB.bychanceC.inturnD.onoccasion9.(2013安徽,31)Ifparentshavechildrenhelpwithhousework,thechildrenwillfeelneeded. ,theywilllearn totakecareofthemselves.A.OnthecontraryB.InawordC.ThatistosayD.What smore答案 D10.(2013课标Ⅱ,11)Aseriousstudyofphysicsisimpossible someknowledgeofmathematics.A.againstB.beforeC.beyondD.without答案 D11.(2013山东,34)TheSmithsarepraised thewaytheybringuptheirchildren.A.fromB.byC.atD.for答案 D12.(2013北京,26)Ihaveanappointment Dr.Smith,butIneedtochangeit.A.toB.offC.withD.from答案 C考点三代词1.(2015天津,2)Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthaninsomelargerschools.A.thatB.oneC.itD.this答案 A2.(2014重庆,1)Asmilecosts ,butgivesmuch.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything答案 C3.(2014江西,32)—WhenshallIcall,inthemorningorafternoon?—.I llbeinallday.A.AnyB.NoneC.NeitherD.Either4.(2014山东,4)Susanmade cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.A.thatB.thisC.itD.her答案 C5.(2014陕西,21)I dappreciate ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.A.itB.youC.oneD.this答案 A6.(2014四川,1)She dlivedinLondonandManchester,butsheliked andmovedtoCambridge.A.bothB.neitherC.noneD.either答案 B7.(2014浙江,3)Anaverageofjust18.75cmofrainfelllastyear,making thedriestyearsinceCaliforniabecameastatein1850.A.eachB.itC.thisD.one答案 B8.(2013浙江,11)Halfofsurveyedin16countriessaytheygofirsttotheirclosestfriendtosharetheirdeepestwishesanddarkestf ears.A.theseB.someC.onesD.those答案 D9.(2013安徽,27)Thisprojectrequirescloseteamwork. willbeachievedunlessweworkwelltogether.A.NothingB.AnythingC.SomethingD.Everything答案 A10.(2013山东,21)I velivedinNewYorkandChicago,butdon tlike ofthemverymuch.A.eitherB.anyC.eachD.another答案 A11.(2013陕西,22)AlthoughRosemaryhadsufferedfromaseriousillnessforyears,shelost ofherenthusiasmforlife.A.someB.neitherC.noneD.all答案 C。
高考英语(外研版)大一轮复习课件语法专题+一、名词和冠词
choose→choice选择 vary→variety多样化;种类 tend→tendency趋向;趋势
2.形容词变名词的后缀
后缀 -age -cy
-dom -ence -ness
-th
-y -ty -ity
例词 short→shortage不足;短缺 efficient→efficiency效率;功效 fluent→fluency流利;流畅 accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私;私密 free→freedom自由;自主 wise→wisdom明智;智慧 different→difference差异 silent→silence沉默 weak→weakness虚弱;弱点 kind→kindness仁慈;好意 careless→carelessness粗心大意 strong→strength力气;强项 warm→warmth温暖;热情 honest→honesty诚实 difficult→difficulty困难 cruel→cruelty残酷;残暴 safe→safety安全 disable→disability无能;伤残 responsible→responsibility责任
特别提示 ①当这些名词前有修饰语时,则要用不定冠词。如:a bright moon,a new
world。 ②有些事物虽然也是独一无二的,但习惯上却不用冠词,如:space太空,
nature自然,man人类。 5.用于表示方位、西洋乐器等的名词前。如:in the east,in the
northwest,play the piano。 6.用于序数词和形容词最高级前面。
(精品推荐)2019版高考英语一轮复习(课标1卷B版)教师用书：专题一 名词、代词、冠词 PDF版含答案--
用法 ｆｉｓｈ 作 鱼肉 讲时为 不 可 数名词
图解
例句
例词 ｃａｐｓ ｂｏｘｅｓ
ｂｏｏｋ ｂｏｏｋｓ㊀ ｃａｐ ｔｒｅｅ ｔｒｅｅｓ
Ｉ ｌｉｋｅ ｔｏ ｅａｔ ｆｉｓｈ． 我 喜 欢 吃鱼㊂
ｇｌａｓｓ ｇｌａｓｓｅｓ㊀ ｂｏｘ ｗａｔｃｈ ｗａｔｃｈｅｓ ｂｒｕｓｈ ｂｒｕｓｈｅｓ ｓｔｏｒｙ ｓｔｏｒｉｅｓ ｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ ｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓ Ｎｅｇｒｏ Ｎｅｇｒｏｅｓ ｈｅｒｏ ｈｅｒｏｅｓ ｐｏｔａｔｏ ｐｏｔａｔｏｅｓ ｔｏｍａｔｏ ｔｏｍａｔｏｅｓ ｒａｄｉｏ ｒａｄｉｏｓ㊀ ｐｈｏｔｏ ｓｅｌｆ ｔｈｉｅｆ ｋｎｉｆｅ ｌｅａｆ ｗｏｌｆ
专题一㊀ 名词㊁代词㊁冠词
㊀１
专题一 ㊀ 名词 ㊁ 代词 ㊁ 冠词
第一部分 ㊀ 语法知识
对应学生用书起始页码 Ｐ２
知识网络清单
个体名词：ｄｏｇ，ｃｈａｉｒ，ｃｈｉｌｄ，ｗｏｍａｎ 等 ì ì ì ï ï ï可数名词 集体名词：ｃｌａｓｓ，ｆａｍｉｌｙ，ｐｅｏｐｌｅ 等 ï ï ï 普通名词 í ï分类 ï í ï不可数名词 物质名词：ｗａｔｅｒ，ｔｅａ，ｏｉｌ，ａｉｒ 等 ï ï ï 抽象名词：ａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎ，ｌｏｖｅ，ｐｒｉｄｅ，ｆｕｎ 等 î ï ï ï ï î专有名词：Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ，Ｃｈｉｎａ，Ｊｏｈｎ 等 ï ï单数名词变复数名词的常用规则 ï 有生命的人或物的所有格：Ｔｏｍ ａｎｄ Ｈｅｌｅｎ������ｓ ｐａｒｅｎｔｓ ì ï ï ì ï ï ï ï 表示时间㊁自然现象㊁度量衡㊁金额㊁国家或城市的名词的所有格： ï ï������ｓ í ï ïｔｗｏ ｙｅａｒｓ������ ｔｉｍｅ，ａｎ ｈｏｕｒ������ｓ ｒｉｄｅ 名词 í名词所有格 ï ï（ ） ������ｓ 所有格的构成规则 í î ï ïｏｆ 一般用于表示无生命的东西的所有格：ｔｈｅ ｗｉｎｄｏｗ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｈｏｕｓｅ ï ï ï ï双重所有格：表示其中之一或其中一部分，突出局部： ï ïａ ｆｒｉｅｎｄ ｏｆ Ｔｏｍ������ｓ， ａｎｙ ｗｏｒｋ ｏｆ Ｍｏ Ｙａｎ������ｓ î ï 作主语：Ｍｒ． Ｓｍｉｔｈ ｗａｓ ｂｏｒｎ ｉｎ Ｃａｎａｄａ． ï ì ï ï ï作宾语：Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ ｉｓ ｒｅａｄｉｎｇ ａ ｎｏｖｅｌ ｉｎ ｈｉｓ ｓｔｕｄｙ． ï ï ï名词句法功能 í作表语：Ｓｈｅ ｉｓ ａ ｌｏｖｅｌｙ ｇｉｒｌ． ï作定语：Ｓｈｅ ｉｓ ａ ｆｏｏｔｂａｌｌ ｐｌａｙｅｒ． ï ï ï作补语：Ｅｖｅｒｙｏｎｅ ｅｌｅｃｔｅｄ ｈｉｍ ｍｏｎｉｔｏｒ． ï î ï ï名词构词法（ 构成名词的年模拟㊀ Ｂ 版（ 教师用书）
2019版高考总复习英语外研通用版教师用书：语法专项突破+1+第一讲 名词和冠词+Word版含答案
第一讲名词和冠词名词题型分类考题印证命题解读语法填空1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)This trend，...,has had some unintended sideeffects(effect) such as overweightand heart disease—the very thingthe medical community was tryingto fight.2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisdevelopment was only possiblewith the introduction(introduce) ofelectric-powered engines and lifts.1.给出名词提示词，考查名词的数；2．给其他词性形式(通常为动词、形容词)提示词，填写名词；3．名词的固定搭配短文改错1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The instructorkept repeating the word, “Speedup！”“Slowdown！”word→words2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ) Besides, theyoften get some useful informationsfrom thermations→information1.可数名词单复数的错用；2．混淆名词的可数与不可数名词的数名词按其词汇意义可分为专有名词和普通名词。
普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词有单数和复数之分，不可数名词没有复数形式。
一般情况下在词尾直接加-s books，horses，beds，pages以-s，x，sh，ch结尾的名词，在词尾加-es glasses，boxes，brushes，watches (例外：stomach→stomachs)以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词，把y变为i再加-es；以元音字母＋y结尾的名词，直接加-scities，countries，factories，boys，toys，holidays以-o结尾的名词，常在词尾加-s radios，photos，pianos，zoos(例外：heroes，tomatoes，potatoes)以-f或-fe结尾的名词，常把f或fe变成v，half→halves，leaf→leaves，knife→knives，再加-es；少数词尾加-s (roofs，chiefs，gulfs，beliefs，proofs)2.名词复数的不规则变化(1)单复数同形：deer, sheep, Chinese, means(方式，方法), series, species(2)词形变化：man→men, woman→women, child→children, tooth→teeth, foot→feet, mouse →mice, ox→oxen(3)合成名词的复数：passer-by→passers-by, lookeron→lookerson, grownup→grownups, standby→standbys(4)名词前有man或woman修饰，变复数时，作定语的man/woman和中心词都要变为复数形式。
2019年高考英语真题分类汇编：专题01-冠词、名词和主谓一致(含答案解析)
专题一冠词、名词和主谓一致1.【2018·湖北】21.When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall.A. balance B .chance C .memory D .place【答案】A【考点定位】名词词义辨析【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。
四个选项都可以跟前面的动词lose搭配。
考生应抓住题干中关键信息“had a bad fall（重重地摔了一跤）”，不禁会产生疑问：怎么会摔了一跤呢？然后根据搭配l ose one’s balance“失去平衡”锁定正确答案。
2.【2018·湖北】22.He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task.A. emotionB. talentC. identityD. treasure【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。
A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”。
故选C项。
【考点定位】名词词义辨析【名师点睛】考生解答本题的关键是抓住题干中的关键词“secret task（秘密任务）”和“ gave himself a new name（给自己取了个新名字）”，然后推知肯定是为了“hide his identity（掩藏身份）”，从而锁定正确答案。
3.【2018·安徽】30.There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.A. thoughtB. supportC. protectionD. authority【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：现在没必要告诉我答案，你再思考一下，之后告诉我。
新高考英语真题分项汇编专题：冠词、名词(解析版)
专题01 冠词与名词1.（2023年新高考I卷）The meat should be fresh with ______ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。
a touch of sweetness 一点点甜；一丝甜。
句意：肉应该新鲜，带着一丝甜味，汤汁热、清澈且美味。
2.（2023年新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right before the ________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.【答案】arrival【详解】考查名词。
句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。
分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。
故填arrival。
3.（2023年新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though ________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.【答案】the【详解】考查冠词。
句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。
分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。
故填the。
4.（2023年新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give ________ (interview) in English with international journalists.【答案】interviews【详解】考查名词的数。
(精品推荐)2019版高考英语一轮复习(课标2卷B版)教师用书：专题一 名词、代词、冠词 PDF版含答案-
（１） 变内部元音 ｍｉｃｅ 老鼠 ｗｏｍｅｎ 女人 ｇｅｎｔｌｅｍｅｎ 绅士
ｍａｎ
ｔｏｏｔｈ
ｍｅｎ 男人 ｔｅｅｔｈ 牙 ｇｅｅｓｅ 鹅
ｇｅｎｔｌｅｍａｎ
ｇｏｏｓｅ
（２） 单复数同形的名词 ｓｈｅｅｐ 绵羊 ｓｐａｃｅｃｒａｆｔ 太空船 Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ 中国人 Ｓｗｉｓｓ 瑞士人 ｓｅｒｉｅｓ 连续 ｗｏｒｋｓ 工厂 ｃｒｏｓｓｒｏａｄｓ 十字路口
续表 构成 不定代词后加 ｅｌｓｅ， 在 ｅｌｓｅ 后 加 ������ｓ 举例 ｓｏｍｅｂｏｄｙ ｅｌｓｅ������ｓ ｐｏｓｓｅｓｓｉｏｎｓ 别 人 的财产
㊀ ㊀ ２． 不规则变化 ㊀ ㊀ ｆｏｏｔ ｗｏｍａｎ ｍｏｕｓｅ ｆｅｅｔ 脚
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2019年高三英语一轮复习课件市重点高中适用语法贯通专题一名词与冠词
变化规则 一般情况下 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh 结尾的名词 以辅音字母＋-y 结尾的名词 以元音字母＋-y 结尾的名词 在词尾直接加-s 在词尾加-es 变y为i,再加-es 在词尾直接＋-s
例词
mouth→mouths
house→houses glass→glasses match→matches country→countries factory→factories holiday→holidays monkey→monkeys
单词 delight failure surprise shock pride
抽象名词意义 高兴 失败 惊奇 震惊 骄傲
具体化名词意义 令人感到高兴的事 失败的人或事物 令人感到惊奇的人或事物 令人感到震惊的人或事物 令人感到骄傲的人或事物
情况 不以尾的名词
构成 加-’s
示例 Mary’s e-mail children’s books the girls’ dormitory the teachers’ reading room our boss’ office Engels’s works
外来名词
phenomenon→phenomena
analysis→analyses
单词 success pleasure attraction beauty comfort danger
抽象名词意义 成功 乐趣 吸引 美;美丽 安慰;慰藉 危险
具体化名词意义 成功的人或事物 令人感到高兴的人或事物 有吸引力的人或事物 美丽的人或事物 令人感到安慰的人或事物 令人感到危险的人或事物
以-s结尾的复数名词
以-s结尾的单数名词 或专有名词
加-’
加-’s或-’
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以元音字母＋-y
结尾的名词
holiday→holidays
monkey→monkeys
变化规则 一般在词尾加-s 以-o结尾的名词 有些在词尾加-es 一般要变f或fe为 以-f, -fe结尾的 v＋-es 名词
例词
piano→pianos
phootato→potatoes self→selves wolf→wolves roof→roofs belief→beliefs
crowds (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and _______
from work.
解析：根据空格前面的形容词 terrible 可知此处填名词， crowd 表示“人群”，是可数名词，前面没有不定冠词 a， 所以用名词的复数形式。
专题一 名词与冠词
名词的单复数
1．规则名词的 6 种复数变化形式
变化规则 一般情况下 以-s，-x，-ch， -sh结尾的名词 以辅音字母＋-y 结尾的名词 在词尾直接加-s 在词尾加-es 变y为i，再加-es 在词尾直接＋-s
例词 mouth→mouths
house→houses
glass→glasses match→matches country→countries factory→factories
为 fishes， 而表示同一种鱼时， 其单复数形式相同； ②people 指“人们”时单复数同形，指“民族”时，其复数为 peoples。
3．合成名词的 2 种复数形式 (1)若有主体名词，则把主体名词变成复数；若无主体 名词，则把最后一部分变成复数。 passerby→passersby, sisterinlaw→sistersinlaw,
解析：Recent 是形容词，修饰名词，“Recent _______”在句 中作主语， 根据谓语动词 show 可知， 主语需要用复数形式。
Ⅱ.单句改错
words
①(2017· 全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the word， “Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turn left！” 解析：根据后面的举例可知，此处应用 word 的复数形式。
解析：此处根据空格前面的 some 以及空格后面列举的两个 例子“overweight and heart disease”可知， 应用 effect 的复数 形式。
②(2017· 全国卷Ⅱ)In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible
effects (effect) such disease, has had some unintended side________
as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
少数直接加-s
①下列以f 结尾的名词既可以变 f 为 v 后再加es， 也可 以直接在 f 后加s： handkerchief→handkerchiefs/handkerchieves, scarf → scarfs/scarves ②巧记变f 或fe 为 v＋es 的名词： [巧学助记] 为了自己(self)活命(life)，小偷(thief)和他
的妻子(wife)手里拿着刀子(knife)和一片树叶(leaf)站在架子 (shelf)上，把狼(wolf)劈成两半(half)。
2．不规则名词的 3 种复数变化形式
变化规则 单复数同形
例词 deer, sheep, means, series, works, Chinese, Swiss, aircraft, spacecraft
变内部元音
foot→feet, tooth→teeth, goose→geese
man→men, woman→women, mouse→mice medium→media
外来名词
phenomenon→phenomena
analysis→analyses
[名师指津]
①fish 表示不同种类的鱼时，其复数形式
②(2016· 全国卷Ⅲ)The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.
③(2016· 全国卷Ⅰ)The nursery team switches him every few
days ________ (day) with his sister so that while one is being
bottlefed, the other is with mum — she never suspects.
grownup→grownups, housewife→housewives (2)“man/woman ＋ n.” 变 复 数 时 ， 作 定 语 的 man/woman 和主体名词都要变复数：women engineers。
[命题点感悟]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
考什么·考多少·怎么考
① (2017· 全国卷Ⅰ )This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) as a method of fighting heart
解析：every few days 表示“每隔几天”，此处应该使用名 词的复数形式 days。
studies ④(2016· 全国卷Ⅱ)Recent __________(study) show that we
are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.