英语语法被动语态
英语语法被动语态总结
英语语法被动语态总结一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2）has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时例 A new cinema is being built here．4）was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5）had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6）was/were being done 过去进行时例 A meeting was being held when I was there.7）shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8）should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例Theproject will have been completed before July.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
初中英语语法：被动语态
初中英语语法：被动语态概念：英语有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者或发出者,被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者.构成：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成；含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词"构成被动语态的否定式是在助动词后加否定词not；而疑问式是将助动词移到主语前面即可Stamps can be used for sending letters. 邮票能用来寄信。
He was asked to go to the meeting immediately。
他被要求立刻去参加这个会议。
This kind of bike is not made in Tianjin. 这种自行车不是天津制造的。
Is this kind of bike make in Tianjin？这种自行车是在天津制造的吗?用法1.当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要知道时，常用被动语态。
These desks are made of wood。
这些桌子是由木头做成的.2。
当需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。
Dictionaries can’t be used in the English exam. 词典不能在英语测试中使用。
3.为了使语气婉转、避免提到自己或对方、或由于修饰的需要而使用被动语态。
The homework must be handed in next Monday。
作业必须下周一交上。
被动语态的转换步骤：当主动语态变为被动语态时，通常要经过四步:1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其谓语动词。
2.把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变成被动句的主语,若宾语是人称代词时，应把宾格变为主格3。
把主动句中的谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词"，但时态不能改变。
4。
把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时可略去“by+宾语”）,若主语是人称代词时，应把主格变成宾格。
英语语法-被动语态
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• • • • • • • • •
The sentences read clearly. 这些句子读起来很清楚。（即这句子没有歧义） The sentences are read clearly. 这些句子被读得很清楚。（指读的人读得好） 另外，上述用法也可用于进行时态。 The vegetable are cooking. 蔬菜正在煮着。 Is the book selling well? 这书销售情况如何?
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• 4.某些表示开始和结束的动词（如begin, start, finish, end等），当主语为实物且不强调动作的 执行者时，可用主动语态表示被动意义。 • When does the concert begin? • The play ended at ten o’clock. • 5.有的动词本身含有被动意味，通常用主动形 式 表示被动含义。 • My skirt caught on a nail. • 我的裙子被钉子钩住了。 • Soon the house filled with people. • 很快房子里就挤满了人。
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• 3.不定式用于某些动词（have, let, got, get, want, need等） 的宾语后作定语时，如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子 的主语，则要用主动形式表示被动意义。 • I have some letters to read. • I want to get something to eat. • 如果不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，则应用被动 式，比较 • I have something to type. • 我有些东西要打。（指自己打） • I have something to be done. • 我有些东西要打。（指请人打字）
英语语法被动语态归纳总结
C．developed D．contained
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。elect选举；develop发展；contain包含，控制。故选B。
6．—The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report.
6.在“疑问代词+不定式”结构中。
7.let, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。
8. with+O.+to do结构中，不定式作宾补时，常用主动表被动，且表将要发生的动作。
分析句子可知，sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动含义，符合第一点用法。所以用pick out。故B选项正确
12．—Are we about to have dinner?
—Yes，it ________ in the dining room.
A．serves B．is serving
C．is being served D．has been serving
【答案】C
【解析】
考查时态。因serve与it(dinner)是动宾关系，要用被动语态；由问句中的are about to(即将) have dinner和答语Yes可知，已“在”供应dinner了，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。
— Oh，my god ! I haven’t finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow.
被动语态的九种结构
被动语态的九种结构被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构，用于强调动作的承受者或对象，而不是执行者。
以下是被动语态的九种常见结构：1.一般现在时的被动语态：be + 过去分词例句：The letter is written by Tom.（这封信是汤姆写的。
）2.一般过去时的被动语态：was/were + 过去分词例句：The book was published last year.（这本书是去年出版的。
）3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be + 过去分词例句：The project will be completed by next month.（这个项目将在下个月完成。
）4.现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are being + 过去分词例句：The house is being decorated by the workers.（这栋房子正在被工人们装饰。
）5.过去进行时的被动语态：was/were being + 过去分词例句：The car was being repaired when I arrived.（我到达时，汽车正在被修理。
）6.现在完成时的被动语态：has/have been + 过去分词例句：The movie has been watched by millions of people.（这部电影已经被数百万人观看过。
）7.过去完成时的被动语态：had been + 过去分词例句：The assignment had been submitted before the deadline.（作业已在截止日期之前提交。
）8.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be + 过去分词例句：The proposal should be considered carefully.（这个提案应该被认真考虑。
）9.进行时的情态动词被动语态：情态动词 + be + being + 过去分词例句：The problem must be being discussed by the team.（这个问题一定正在团队中被讨论。
英语语法被动语态
第八章被动语态被动语态常由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成。
[注一]完成进行时态一般不用被动语态。
它们的被动意义可用完成时态来表示，如He has been being examined.（他已被考过。
）一般应代之以He has been examined。
将来进行时与过去将来进行时一般也不用被动语态。
其被动意义可用一般时态来表示，如He will be being examined while we are there.（他将在我们在那里时被考。
）可代之以He will be examined while we are there。
被动语态除常用be加过去分词构成外，还可用“get+过去分词”结构。
这种结构多用在口语中，后面一般不接by短语。
如：（23）Hundreds of people get killed every year by traffic on the roads. 每年都几百人死于道路交通事故。
（24）The boy got hurt on his way to school. 这男孩在上学的路上受伤了。
被动语态可含有情态动词，其结构是“情态动词+be+过去分词”。
如：（25）This must be done as soon as possible. 这件事必须尽快做。
（26）What’s done cannot be undone. 覆水难收。
（27）These stairs are very dangerous. They should be repaired. 这楼梯很危险，应该修理了。
（28）Cross the road very carefully. Look both ways, or you might be knocked down. 过马路要非常小心，要看两边，不然会被车撞倒的。
有不少短语动词相当于及物动词，所以这些短语动词亦有被动语态。
如：（29）Many interesting experiments are carried out in our laboratory. 我们实验室做了许多有趣的实验。
语法讲解：被动语态的用法
【导语】以下是整理的《语法讲解：被动语态的⽤法》，⼀起来看看吧！1. ⼀般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。
I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努⼒学习。
Knives are used for cutting things. ⼑是⽤来切东西的。
2. ⼀般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year. 去年修了⼀座新商店。
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。
3. ⼀般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建⼀家新医院。
Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。
4. 现在进⾏时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的⾃⾏车。
They are planting trees over there. →Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那⾥种植的树⽊。
5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被成多种⽂字。
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在许多国家有许多⼈造卫星被送上了太空。
英语中的被动语态
英语中的被动语态被动语态是英语语法中常用的一种语态形式。
它可以用来表达替换主语的被动语气，使得被动语态句子更加突出动作的接受者或者状态的承受者。
在英语中，被动语态是一种重要的语法结构，对于学习英语的人来说，掌握被动语态的用法非常重要。
一、被动语态的定义及构成方式被动语态是通过在动词前加上助动词“be”的过去分词形式来构成的。
这里的助动词的种类包括“am, are, is, was, were, have(或has), had, will”，并且根据时态的不同将其进行了变化。
例如：一般现在时： am/are/is + 过去分词过去时： was/were + 过去分词现在完成时： have/has + 过去分词将来时： will + be + 过去分词构成被动语态的方式可以用一个简单的公式来表示，即：主语+ 助动词 + 过去分词。
例如：主动： The boy hit the ball.（男孩打了球。
）被动： The ball was hit by the boy.（球被男孩打了。
）二、被动语态的用途1、突出动作的承受者或者状态的承受者被动语态的最主要的用途就是通过替换主语来打出动作的承受者或状态的承受者的差异。
例如：主动： My father bought a new car yesterday.（我爸爸昨天买了一辆新车。
）被动： A new car was bought by my father yesterday.（昨天一辆新车被我爸爸买了。
）2、避免使用主语如果某些情况下，使用主语会使得句子过于重复或者语法不对，那就可以使用被动语态来代替主语。
例如：主动： People say that he is the best student in our school.（人们说他是我们学校最好的学生。
）被动： It is said that he is the best student in our school.（据说他是我们学校最好的学生。
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主动语态 2.The farmers grow cotton every year. （答案） Cotton is grown by the farmers every year. （答案） 被动语态
（The Passive Voice)
asked
9、plan
11 、 build
planned
built
planned
built
10、send sent sent
12、invite invited invited
主动语态变被动语态的步骤：
1、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；
2、主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构；
3、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由by 引出，当不强调动 作的执行者时，常省略。 e.g many people English is spoken speak by many English. people.
A. be finished B. finish C. are finished D. finished
四、把下列句子变成被动句： 1.Chinese people built the Great Wall 2,000 years ago. The Great Wall was built by Chinese people 2000 years ago. 2. We must plant more trees next year. More trees must be planted next year.
1、speak （spoke spoken） 3、make made 5、grow grew made grown 2、use used used
4、write wrote written 6、plant planted 8、ask asked planted
7、produce produced produced
7、produce （答案）
9、plan 11 、 build
8、ask （答案）
10、send （答案） 12、invite （答案）
（答案）
（答案）
不规则动词的过去分词要牢记（课本255页---257页）
sing----sang----sung build----built----built
写出下列动词的过去式，过去分词：
play basketball in the USA.
4、IBM produced this new type of laptop computer. This new type of laptop computer was produced by IBM.
含情态动词的被动语态构成：
情态动词（can/may/must/should）+be+及物动词过去分词 e.g 1、This bike can be repaired.
把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子： 1、They speak English in Canada .(English….) English is ple use wood for making tables. （wood….） Wood is used for making tables. 3、The make computers in the USA.（Computers…） Computer are made in the USA. 4、They grow rice in South China.（Rice…）
3.Dalian produces big ships.
Big ships are produced in Dalian. 4.Farmers harvest rice in autumn . Rice is harvested in autumn. 5.We should clean our classroom every day. Our classroom should be cleaned every day.
Homework 课后自觉复习Unit9-11，做完相应练习。
三、单项选择题： ( C )1.Woolen clothes are used _______keeping us warm. A.of B.by C.for D.in
( A )2.Are these fridges made______? A.in China B. in Chinese C.of China D.from Chinese ( C )3.---Where are bananas _______?
ed to drink
for drinking
B. are used for drinking C. is used
D. used for drinking
( B ) programmes can______ to the other side of the world. A.send B. be sent C.make D.be made ( C )7.Older people must_____ politely. A. speak to B. be spoken C.be spoken to D. say to
不规则动词的过去分词要牢记（课本255页---257页）
sing----sang----sung build----built----built
写出下列动词的过去式，过去分词：
1、speak （答案） 2、use （答案）
3、make （答案）
5、grow (答案)
4、write （答案）
6、plant （答案）
( D )8.The moon always _____ around the earth.
A. goes B. travels C. turns D. A,B and C. ( A )9.Many people _____English in the world. A.speak B. speaks C. spoke D. are spoken. ( B )10.We must ____ our homework every day.
on October1，1949.
把下列句子变成被动语态的句子； 1、They planted these trees on weekends . planted on weekends. These trees were 2、The workers built the bridge in 1968 The bridge was built by the workers in 1968. 3、People invited Yao Ming to play basketball in The USA. Yao Ming was invited to
一般现在时被动语态的构成：
am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词
动词过去分词的构成规则（与动词过去式构成规则一样）： 1、一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，looked played 2、结尾是e的动词加-d ， lived used 3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写 这个辅音字母，再加-ed， planned tripped 4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i” ， 再 加-ed ， study---studied， carry---carried
2、The tree must be put straight in the hole.
3、The classroom should be cleaned every day. 把下列主动句变被动句： 1、We should plant the trees around the lake The trees should be planted around the lake . 2、We must repair the computer now . The computer must be repaired now . 3、Students should correct their mistakes . Their mistakes should be corrected . 4、We must water the trees well. The trees must be watered well.
---- _____ grown in South China.
A. grow, It's B.grown, It's C.grown, They're D.grew, They're
( B )4.The League _____ in May , 1922. A. is founded B.was founded C. is built D. was built ( C )5.The strange thing with three legs_____.
（The Passive Voice)
.主动语态与被动语态：
英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态(The Active Voice)与被动语态（The Passive Voice)。主 动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主 语是动作的承受者。 e.g. 1.They make trains in Zhuzhou . (答案） 主动语态
Rice is grown in South China.
一般过去时被动语态的构成：
was/were+及物动词的过去分词
e.g 1、The bridge was built last year. 2、It was used in the old days.
3、The PRC was founded
被动语态的用法：
1、当不知道谁是动作的执行者时；
2、没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时； 3、只需强调动作的承受者时。