对比华兹华斯和陶渊明

字元亮，一说名潜， 字渊明，世称靖节先生， 自称五柳先生。东晋伟 大诗人，我国第一位田 园诗人。 出身于没落的官僚地 主家庭，曾祖曾官至大 司马，到他时已家境没 落。为生计作过一些小 官，在最后一个职位彭 泽县令任上任职八十余 日后，辞官不仕，归隐 乡里。
“不为五斗米折腰” “古之隐逸诗人之宗”
归园田居
种豆南山下，草盛豆苗稀。 晨兴理荒秽，带月荷锄归。 道狭草木长，夕露沾我衣。 衣沾不足惜，但使愿无违。
饮酒
结庐在人境，而无车马喧。 问君何能尔？心远地自偏。 采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。 山气日夕佳，飞鸟相与还。 此中有真意，欲辨已忘言。
赏析
两首诗以朴素、淡远、自然的风格描写优 美的农村风光；歌咏饮酒抚琴、读书赋诗、 闲话桑麻的情趣；抒发对宁静闲适的隐居生 活的挚爱；表现对官场的厌恶和安贫乐道的 品格。
Comparative Analysis between William Wordsworth and TaoYuanming
William Wordsworth
(1770.4.7-1850.4.23)
One of the notable forerunners of Romanticism in English literature A major romantic poet An outstanding Lake Poet
相同点
陶渊明和华兹华斯是世界文学史上田园诗派的代表作家。 两人都醉心于自然，并把大自然作为心灵的慰藉与寄托。他 们诗歌的相同点是在质朴、平淡、自然的语言抒发了诗人对 大自然的热爱。他们诗歌的主题都表达了一种人与自然和谐 相处融为一体的境界。 Wordsworth and Tao Yuanming are the representative pastoral poets in the world literature. They both regard the great nature as the solace and comfort of themselves. The sameness about their poems lies in their pure, simple and natural language, which show their true love to the nature. And the themes of their poems all express the realm of being harmonious between the human beings and the nature.
赏析
• The diction of this poem is, in general, simple, direct, and clear, which creates a picture of nature as vital, animated, and glowing. • The poem moves from the sadly alienated separation felt by the poet in the beginning, to his joy and satisfaction in re-imagining the natural scene. The emptiness of the poet's spirit is transformed into a fullness of feeling as he remembers the daffodils. Wordsworth develops the vision of the daffodils; and through this simple event, he tries to explore the relationship between humanity and nature. • Therefore, in his eyes, nature can not only refresh oneself and fill one with happiness, but it can also be reduced into a beautiful memory which will comfort one's heart when in solitude.
Major works
• 诗歌 《归园田居》《饮酒》等120余首 • 散文《五柳先生传》《桃花源记》《归去 来兮辞》等
I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud
I wondered lonely as a cloud 独行徐徐如浮云， That floats on high o’er vales and hills, 横绝太空渡山谷。 When all at once I saw a crowd, 忽然在我一瞥中， A host, of golden daffodils ; 金色水仙花成簇。 Beside the lake, beneath the trees, 开在湖边乔木下， Fluttering and dancing in the breeze 微风之中频摇曳。 Continuous as the stars that shine 有如群星在银河， And twinkle on the milky way, 形影绵绵光灼灼。 They stretched in the never-ending line 湖畔蜿蜒花径长， Along the margin of a bay : 连成一线无断续。 Ten thousand saw I at a glance, 一瞥之中万朵花， Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. 起舞翩跹头点啄。 The waves beside them danced ; 湖中碧水起涟漪， but they Out-did the sparkling waves in glee: 湖波踊跃无花乐-A poet could not but be gay, 诗人对此殊激昂， In such a jocund company : 独在花中事幽躅！ I gazed-and gazed-but little thought 凝眼看花又看花， What wealth the show to me had brought : 当时未解伊何福。 For oft, when on my couch I lie 晚上枕上意悠然， They flash upon that inward eye 情景闪烁心眼中， Which is the bliss of solitude ; 黄水仙花赋禅悦； And then my heart with pleasure fills, 我心乃得溢欢愉， And dances with the daffodils. 同花共舞天上曲。
Major works
• • • •
• • • •
Lines Written in Early Spring “早春诗行” To the Cuckoo “致布谷鸟” The Daffodils “水仙花” I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud “我好似一朵孤独 的流云” My Heart Leaps Up “我的心激烈地跳动” Intimations of Immortality “不朽颂” Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey “丁登寺杂咏” Solitary Reaper “孤独的收割人“
诗人把自己比作流云，随意飘荡。偶然看到水仙 花的缤纷茂密，如繁星点点在微风中轻盈飘舞。诗人 受到感染，原本空虚黯然的情绪转变成喜悦欢乐。在 诗人的笔下，大自然的美景具有治愈人们心灵创伤的 能力。华兹华斯在本詩中，淋漓尽致的揭示了自然美 与人类之间的联系。文笔朴素清新，自然流畅，强调 诗人对大自然的热爱以及回忆的重要性。
不同点
崇拜自然 VS 亲近自然
Due to the different living times, cultural backgrounds and philosophical outlooks, the poems of Wordsworth and Tao are of some differences, while the former expresses the worship of divinity and the latter expresses a kind of affinity to the nature. Wordsworth take the nature as god. He believes that the nature is the symbol of cosmic spirit and wisdom. Be influenced deeply by the religion beliefs of distinguishing mankind from heaven( 天 人 相 分 ) and pantheism(泛神论)，Wordsworth shows the veneration to the nature. Tao, differently, has reached the state of being harmonious and integrated with the nature. After laboring in the nature and obtaining harvest from the nature, Tao’s poems are more practical. In conclusion, Wordsworth is an observer of the nature while Tao is an experiencer.
由于所处的时代、文化背景以及哲学观点不同，华兹 华斯的诗歌表达的是大自然的神性而陶渊明的诗则是抒发 对大自然的热爱。 华兹华斯将自然万物看作上帝的馈赠，认为自然是宇 宙精神和智慧的集中体现。深受到宗教信仰，诸如“天人 相分”、“泛神论”的影响，华兹华斯的诗歌多表达对大 自然的敬畏。 不同的是，陶渊明则达到了与大自然和谐相处，融为 一体的境界。通过在田间劳作，获得收获，陶渊明的诗更 具有实践性。 总的来说，华兹华斯是大自然优秀的观察者而陶渊明 更是一名体验者。