英语语音基础课程(二)
《现代大学英语 语音教程(第二版)》
现代大学英语语音教程（第二版）引言《现代大学英语语音教程（第二版）》是一本专门针对大学生的英语语音学习教材。
该教材从英语语音的基本知识开始，逐步引导学生掌握英语语音的发音规律，提高英语口语表达能力。
本文档将对该教程进行详细介绍。
内容概述《现代大学英语语音教程（第二版）》主要分为以下几个部分：1.音素介绍：介绍英语中的音素及其分类，帮助学生认识和理解英语的语音系统。
2.音节和音变规则：讲解英语中音节的组成和音变规则，帮助学生正确拼读单词，并掌握正确的发音方式。
3.重读和音调：介绍英语中的重读和音调规律，帮助学生掌握英语句子的重读和语调变化。
4.连读和语音规则：讲解英语中的连读和语音规则，帮助学生在口语表达中流畅地连接词汇和句子。
5.声调和语流：介绍英语中的声调和语流规律，帮助学生提高口语的自然度和流利度。
6.习题和练习：提供丰富的习题和练习，帮助学生巩固所学的语音知识和技巧。
教材特点1.系统性：该教材按照语音学的知识点进行组织，层层递进，帮助学生循序渐进地学习语音知识。
2.实用性：教材中的例子多样且贴近生活，帮助学生将语音知识应用于实际交流中。
3.练习丰富：教材提供了大量的习题和练习，帮助学生巩固所学的语音知识和技巧。
4.听力训练：教材中配有丰富的听力材料，帮助学生培养对英语语音的听辨和理解能力。
学习建议学生在使用《现代大学英语语音教程（第二版）》时，可以参考以下学习建议：1.充分利用教材中的例子和练习，积极参与口语练习，提高口语表达能力。
2.多听多读多练习，通过大量的反复训练，掌握正确的发音方式。
3.注意语音和语调的变化，模仿标准的英语口音，提高听力和口语的整体水平。
4.注意语音和语调的变化，模仿标准的英语口音，提高听力和口语的整体水平。
5.结合其他学习方法，如听歌学习、跟读练习等，提高英语语音的自然度和流利度。
结论《现代大学英语语音教程（第二版）》是一本全面而系统的英语语音学习教材，适合大学生学习英语语音。
《英语语音》课程标准-教学大纲-对应刘森教材-上海外语教育出版社
英语语音课程标准课程名称：英语语音总学时数：40 （实践课学时数：20 ）学分数：2 适用专业：英语专业一、概述（一）课程性质性质：随着我国国际交往的日益深入，我们越来越意识到语音教学是语言教学的一项重要内容。
规范而自然的语音、语调不仅为有效的口语交际打下了良好基础，更会给人留下良好印象、交流无障碍成为每一个英语学习者孜孜以求的目标。
本课程将语音的训练与学生英语听力和口语表达的训练结合起来。
让学生更好地进行语言交际:能自如地对所听到的英语语篇进行解码，没有障碍，轻松自如；能流畅地表达所要表达的思想，流利顺畅，要点突出，使人听起来清晰明了，从而帮助学生在英语听说能力的发展方面打下坚实的基础，通过语音学习学会进行更为有效地使用英语进行交际。
（二）课程定位本课程是英语专业低年级的必修课程，属于专业技能课模块，是基础课中的基础。
它的基本要求是使学生能够熟练掌握英语语音的基本理论，并在实际会话中形成流畅的语气、语调，它要求学生认真完成老师布置的作业，养成良好的学习习惯，提高自主学习能力，培养合作及探究性学习能力。
该课程教学要与其他各门课程教学密切协作，学好语音需要其它课程的推动，而其他课程也需要语音的促进，语音与其他课程相互作用，共同发展。
（三）课程设计思路本课程采取的是“讲座-语音实验室实践-口语练习-课堂总结”相结合的上课模式，这种模式强调把机械的语音操练变成具有交际意义的听辨和交互式的练习，从而帮助学生通过语音学习学会进行更为有效的交际。
课程的教学强调其实践性：一是课堂内的实践-语言实验室的实践、网上练习的实践，注重引导学生将所学的理论用于完成某项交际任务的实践；二是通过开展"语音语调大赛"-"语音语调模仿"、"演讲"、"电影配音"等旨在通过比赛改善学生的英语发音，提高学生英语的口头表达能力,为学生们提供一个学以致用的机会,一个展现个人才能的舞台,在学生中营造一个多听,多说,多练英语的活泼的学习气氛,更好地满足不同层次学生的需要，同时通过实践培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力，从而使课程达到最佳的教学效果。
《实用英语语音(二)》复习资料
《实用英语语音(二)》复习资料1I. Fill in the blanks.1.An intonation unit usually corresponds to a group .2.The phonetic transcription of the underlined words in the sentence “The present president ofthe committee will present the final report to Parliament soon.” are [ ] and [ ] respectively.3.The frequent occurrence of the syllable is one of the fundamental characteristicsof spoken English，and the one that most distinguishes English from Chinese.4.The syllable which carries a maximal prominence in the tone unit is called .5.Rhythm in English speech is based on .6.According to the manner of articulation，the sound [ p ] and [ t ] are_______consonants while [ m ] and [ n ] are consonants.7.Intonation can be used to convey feelings and attitudes.The__________intonation is said to be more often associated with feelings of hesitation，contrast，reservation or doubt.8.According to the place of articulation，the sound[ θ ]and [ ð ] are.9.Head in an intonation unit extends from the syllable up to the .10.Stressed syllables in English have and clear vowel sounds.11.In spoken English，the phenomenon of joining words together is called .12.Intonation can be used to remove ambiguity of English sentences. This is the ____function of intonation.13.The short vowel sound in unstressed syllables is very often the sound ________，which is themost common of all sounds in English.14.[ tʃ] and [ dʒ] are two English affricates and they differ primarily in terms of_______ .15.When we link the final vowels [ ə: ] and [ ə ] to a following vowel，we should add the [ r ]sound as in “her︶own”，and this sound is called .16.The consonants are made by completely stopping the airflow at some point inthe mouth and then，for most productions，releasing it into the sound that follows.17.The placement of nucleus depends on the information content: the more predictable a word’soccurrence is in a given context，the its information content is.Ⅱ. Multiple Choice1.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。
初中英语语音的知识点(2)
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
试题分析：句意：下列各组字母全部是元音字母的是a,i,u,e。根据字母的发音可知a [ei]，e [i:]，i [ai]，o [əu]，u [ju:]，故选B。
5．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
试题分析：句意：沿着这条街走向左拐，你将在你的前面看到一个图书馆。
A．Have youever worked with either of them?B．He didn’teven look at it.
C．We saved him from theenemy.D．Can you tell me who invented the telephone?
18．Which of the following pronunciation(发音) is different?
A．idleB．ideaC．idiomD．identify
16．I will__________/ə'tend/a concert tomorrow.
A．aloudB．attendC．aheadD．afford
17．Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation with others?
8．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查单词读音，A. mother[ˈmʌðə]；B.their [ðɛː]；C.thing [θɪŋ]；D.these [ðiːz]，对比可知，故选C。
9．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查字母的读音。Ff的发音是[ef], Ll的发音是[el]，Hh的发音是[eɪtʃ]；Gg的发音是[dʒi:]，Tt的发音是[ti:]，Zz的发音是[zi:]；Bb的发音是[bi:]，Dd的发音是[di:], Jj的发音是[dʒeɪ]；Aa的发音是[eɪ]，Kk的发音是[keɪ]，Xx的发音是[eks]。所以B选项中的字母有相同的因素[i:]，故选B。
《英语实用语音(二)》复习资料
《实用英语语音(二)》复习资料1I. Fill in the blanks.1.An intonation unit usually corresponds to a group .2.The phonetic transcription of the underlined words in the sentence “The presentpresident of the committee will present the final report to Parliament soon.” are [ ] and [ ] respectively.3.The frequent occurrence of the syllable is one of the fundamentalcharacteristics of spoken English，and the one that most distinguishes English from Chinese.4.The syllable which carries a maximal prominence in the tone unit iscalled .5.Rhythm in English speech is based on .6.According to the manner of articulation，the sound [ p ] and [ t ] are_______consonants while [ m ] and [ n ] are consonants.7.Intonation can be used to convey feelings and attitudes.The__________intonation is said to be more often associated with feelings of hesitation，contrast，reservation or doubt.8.According to the place of articulation，the sound[ θ ]and [ ð ] are.9.Head in an intonation unit extends from the syllable up tothe .10.Stressed syllables in English have and clear vowel sounds.11.In spoken English，the phenomenon of joining words together iscalled .12.Intonation can be used to remove ambiguity of English sentences. This is the____ function of intonation.13.The short vowel sound in unstressed syllables is very often the sound________，which is the most common of all sounds in English.14.[ tʃ ] and [ dʒ ] are two English affricates and they differ primarily in terms of_______ .15.When we link the final vowels [ ə: ] and [ ə ] to a following vowel，we shouldadd the [ r ] sound as in “her︶own”，and this sound is called .16.The consonants are made by completely stopping the airflow atsome point in the mouth and then，for most productions，releasing it into the sound that follows.17.The placement of nucleus depends on the information content: the morepredictable a word’s occurrence is in a given context，the its information content is.Ⅱ. True or False1.The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. Themost common position is on the first information word of the intonation unit.2.To make natural linking，it is important to say groups of words in one breath andkeep our voice going from one word to the next.3.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence，the stressed syllables follow eachother at roughly equal intervals of time.4.Not all languages in the world have their own rhythmic patterns.5.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence，when there are function wordsbetween the strong stresses，English speakers may reduce the vowels (using the weak vowel or schwa) to make them short.6.For contrastive purposes，any word may bear the tonic syllable7.Intonation makes speech meaningful.8.Intonation can be used to convey feelings and attitudes. The falling intonation issaid to be more often associated with completeness and definiteness.9.Both English and Chinese depend on the correct pronunciation of stressed andunstressed syllables recurring in the same phrase or sentence in the expression of ideas.10.All of the prefix can’t be stressed，such as submit and telegram.11.Different pitches may indicate different meanings for the same utterance.12.Variation of words or syllables that have strong stress with those that have weakerstress is typical and contributes to the rhythm of English.13.English speakers usually stress all words only when they are impatient or angry.14.English native speakers can easily understand you when you pronounce clearlyone syllable after another.15.When English speakers speak，they make some parts of words stronger and成考复习资料clearer than other parts.16.Speakers can use different pitches to express different feelings：happiness，sadness，anger and so on.17.Speech sound is the smallest phonetic unit of language，it is distinctive.18.The first part of a diphthong is much longer and stronger than the second part.19.A nucleus can be on any word or phrase in an intonation unit.20.In speech，people often use the rising tone to indicate new information and thefalling tone to indicate “shared” or “given” information.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions.1.For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”，English speakersmay have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary，as in:A./ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.B./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.2.The sentence “They’re going to have a picnic.” can be said with two differenttones，as showed in the following:A.They’re going to 'have a pinic.B.They’re gong to 'have a pinic?(1)Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?(2)If not，explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.3.Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge theirP(pre-head)，H(head) ，N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.(1) I 'used to 'work at a( ) ( ) ( )(2) Do you 'speak French and English?( ) ( ) ( ) ( )4.List the four functions of English intonation.答案Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1. sense or word2. [ˈprezənt], [ prɪˈzent]3. unstressed4.nucleus5. stress6. plosive, nasal7. falling-rising8. inter-dental 9. first stressed, nucleus 10. full11. linking/liaison 12. grammatical 13.[ə] 14. voicing15. linking-r 16. stop 17. lowerⅡ. True or False1-5 FTTFT 6-10 TTTFF 11-15 TTTFT 16-20 TFTTFⅢ. Answer the following questions.1. For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakers may have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in:C./ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.D./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.① A profit was made by those who sold quickly.② A profit was quickly made by those who sold.2. The sentence “They’re going to have a picnic.” can be said with two differnt tones, as showed in the following:C.They’re going to 'have a pinic.D.They’re gong to 'have a pinic?(3)Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?(4)If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.（1）These two utterances have two different meanings.（2）Utterance A has a falling tone and is usually said as a statement and the speaker is quite certain at the information.（3）Utterance B has a rising tone and serves as a question here. it shows that the speaker has a lesser degree of certainty and the speaker is asking for information.3. Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their成考复习资料P(pre-head), H(head) , N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.(1) I 'used to 'work at a( P ) ( H ) (N )(2) Do you 'speak French and English?( P ) ( H ) ( N ) (T )4. List the four functions of English intonation.(1)The attitude function. Intonation is used to convey feelings and attitudes.(2)The accentual function. The location of the tonic syllable is of considerablelinguistic importance. The most common position is on the last information word of the intonation unit. For contrastive purpose, any word may bear the tonic syllable.(3)The grammatical function. Some sentences may be ambiguous when written, butthis can be removed by the use of intonation.(4)The discourse function of intonation. In speech, people often use intonation tofocus the listener’s attention on aspects of the message that are most important.The falling tone is often used to indicate new information and rising tone to indicate “shared” or “given” information.《实用英语语音(二)》复习资料2Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1.In spoken English, the phenomenon of joining words together iscalled .2.Intonation can be used to remove ambiguity of English sentences. This is thefunction of intonation.3.The short vowel sound in unstressed syllables is very often the sound ________,which is the most common of all sounds in English.4.[ tʃ ] and [ dʒ ] are two English affricates and they differ primarily in terms of_______5.When we link the final vowels [ ə: ] and [ ə ] to a following vowel, we should addown”, and this sound is called .the [ r ] sound as in “her︶6.The consonants are made by completely stopping the airflow atsome point in the mouth and then, for most productions, releasing it into the sound that follows.7.The placement of nucleus depends on the information content: the morepredictable a word’s occurrence is in a given context, the its information content is.8.An intonation unit usually corresponds to a group.9.The phonetic transcription of the underlined words in the sentence “The presentpresident of the committee will present the final report to Parliament soon.” are [ ] and [ ] respectively.10.The frequent occurrence of the syllable is one of the fundamentalcharacteristics of spoken English, and the one that msot distinguishes English from Chinese.11.The syllable which carries a maximal prominence in the tone unit iscalled .12.Rhythm in English speech is based on .13.According to the manner of articulation, the sound [ p ] and [ t ] are____________consonants while [ m ] and [ n ] are _____________consonants.14.Intonation can be used to convey feelings and attitudes. The成考复习资料___________intonation is said to be more often associated with feelings of hesitation, contrast, reservation or doubt.15.According to the place of articulation, the sound [ θ ] a nd [ ð ] are .16.Head in an intonation unit extends from the syllable up tothe .17.Stressed syllables in English have and clear vowel sounds.Ⅱ. True or False1.Different pitches may indicate different meanings for the same utterance.2.Variation of words or syllables that have strong stress with those that have weakerstress is typical and contributes to the rhythm of English.3.English speakers usually stress all words only when they are impatient or angry.4.English native speakers can easily understand you when you pronounce clearlyone syllable after another.5.When English speakers speak, they make almost all parts of words with equalstrength and length.6.Speakers can use different pitches to express different feelings: happiness,sadness, anger and so on.7.As the smallest phonetic unit of language, speech sound is distinctive.8.The first part of a diphthong is much shorter and weaker than the second part.9. A nucleus can be on any word or phrase in an intonation unit.10.In speech, people often use the falling tone to indicate new information and therising tone to indicate “shared” or “given” information.11.The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. Themost common position is on the first information word of the intonation unit. 12.To make natural linking, it is important to say groups of words in one breath andkeep our voice going from one word to the next.13.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence, the stressed syllables follow eachother at roughly equal intervals of time.14.Not all languages in the world have their own rhythmic patterns.15.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence, when there are function wordsbetween the strong stresses, we cannot reduce the vowels (using the weak vowel or schwa) to make them short.16.The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. Forcontrastive purposes, any word may bear the tonic syllable17.Intonation makes speech meaningful.18.According to the work of vocal cords, [dӡ] is a voiced sound.19.Both English and Chinese depend on the correct pronunciation of stressed andunstressed syllables recurring in the same phrase or sentence in the expression of ideas.20.All of the prefix can’t be stressed, such as submit and telegram.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions.1.List the four functions of English intonation.2.The intonation used in question-tags can have a rising tone or a falling tone,which is showed clearly in the following sentences.A. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?B. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?(5)Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?(6)If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.3.For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakersmay have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in:E./ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.F./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.4. Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their P(pre-head), H(head) , N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.(1) I 'used to 'work at a( ) ( ) ( )(2) Do you 'speak French and English?( ) ( ) ( ) ( )成考复习资料答案Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1. linking或者liaison2. grammatical3.[ə]4. voicing5. linking-r6. stop7. lower8. sense or word9. [ˈprezənt], [ prɪˈzent] 10. unstressed 11. nucleus12. stress 13. plosive, nasal 14. falling-rising15. inter-dental 16. first stressed, nucleus 17. FullⅡ. True or False1-5 TTTFF 6-10 TFFTT 11-15 FTTFF 16-20 TTTFFⅢ Answer the following questions.1. List the four functions of English intonation.（1）The attitude function. Intonation is used to convey feelings and attitudes.（2）The accentual function. The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. The most common position is on the last information word of the intonation unit. For contrastive purpose, any word may bear the tonic syllable. （3）The grammatical function. Some sentences may be ambiguous when written, but this can be removed by the use of intonation.（4）The discourse function of intonation. In speech, people often use intonation to focus the listener’s attention on aspects of the message that are most important. The falling tone is often used to indicate new information and rising tone to indicate “shared” or “given” information.2.The intonation used in question-tags can have a rising tone or a falling tone,which is showed clearly in the following sentences.A. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?B. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?（1）Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?（2）If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.These two utterances have two different meanings.（3）Utterance A has a falling tone, the speaker is comparatively certain that the information is correct, and simply asking for conformation.（4）Utterance B has a rising tone, the speaker indicates a lesser degree of certainty and the speaker is asking for information.3.For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakersmay have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in:G./ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.H./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.① A profit was made by those who sold quickly.② A profit was quickly made by those who sold.4.Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge theirP(pre-head), H(head) , N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.(1) I bank.( P ) ( H ) (N )(2) Do you 'speak French and English?( P ) ( H ) ( N ) (T )成考复习资料《实用英语语音(二)》复习资料3I. Fill in the blanks.1.When we link the final vowels [ə:] and [ə] to a following vowel, we should addthe [ r ] sound as in “the ideaof”, and this sound is called .︶2.An intonation unit usually corresponds to a _______ group .3.The phonetic transcription of the underlined words in the sentence “All thereporters are waiting there and are eager to record Tom’s record breaking moment in this marathon. ” are [ ] and [ ] respectively.4.The frequent occurrence of the _______ syllable is one of thefundamental characteristics of spoken English, and the one that most distinguishes English from Chinese.5.The syllable which carries a maximal prominence in the tone unit iscalled .6.Rhythm in English speech is based on .7.According to the manner of articulation, the sound [ p ] and [ t ]are___________consonants while [ m ] and [ n ] are consonants..8.The intonation is said to be more often associated with incompleteness anduncertainty and questioning.9.According to the place of articulation, the sound [ θ ] and [ ð ] are.10.Head in an intonation unit extends from the syllable up tothe .11.Unstressed syllables in English are short and often have a vowel sound.12.In spoken English, the phenomenon of joining words together iscalled .13.Intonation can be used to remove ambiguity of English sentences. This is thefunction of intonation.14.The short vowel sound in unstressed syllables is very often the sound ________,which is the most common of all sounds in English.15.[ w ], [ r ] and [ j ] are called because it is an articulation in whichthe articulators approach each other but do not get sufficiently close to each otherto produce a “complete” consonant such as a stop, nasal or fricative.16.The placement of nucleus depends on the information content: the morepredict able a word’s occurrence is in a given context, the its information content is.17.[ tʃ] and [ dʒ] are two English affricates and they differ primarily in termsof .II. True or False1.The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. Themost common position is on the first information word of the intonation unit.2.To make natural linking, it is important to say groups of words in one breath andkeep our voice going from one word to the next.3.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence, the stressed syllables follow eachother at roughly equal intervals of time.4.Not all languages in the world have their own rhythmic patterns.5.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence, when there are function wordsbetween the strong stresses, English speakers may reduce the vowels (using the weak vowel or schwa) to make them short.6.For contrastive purposes, any word may bear the tonic syllable7.Intonation makes speech meaningful.8.Intonation can be used to convey feelings and attitudes. The falling intonation issaid to be more often associated with completeness and definiteness.9.Both English and Chinese depend on the correct pronunciation of stressed andunstressed syllables recurring in the same phrase or sentence in the expression of ideas.10.All of the prefix can’t be stressed, such as submit and telegram.11.Different pitches may indicate different meanings for the same utterance.12.Variation of words or syllables that have strong stress with those that have weakerstress is typical and contributes to the rhythm of English.13.English speakers usually stress all words only when they are impatient or angry.14.English native speakers can easily understand you when you pronounce clearlyone syllable after another.成考复习资料15.When English speakers speak, they make some parts of words stronger andclearer than other parts.16.Speakers can use different pitches to express different feelings: happiness,sadness, anger and so on.17.Speech sound is the smallest phonetic unit of language, it is distinctive.18.The first part of a diphthong is much longer and stronger than the second part.19.A nucleus can be on any word or phrase in an intonation unit.20.In speech, people often use the rising tone to indicate new information and thefalling t one to indicate “shared” or “given” information.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions.1. For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakers may have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in:/ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.2. Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.3. The intonation used in question-tags can have a rising tone or a falling tone, which is showed clearly in the following sentences.A. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?B. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?4. Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.5. Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their P(Pre-head), H(Head) , N(Nucleus) and T(Tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.(1) I 'used to 'work at a( ) ( ) ( )(2) Do you 'speak French and English?( ) ( ) ( ) ( )6. List the four functions of English intonation.答案Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1. intrusive-r2. sense or word3. [riˈkɔ:d], [ ˈrekəd]4.unstressed5. nucleus6. stress7. plosive, nasal8. rising9. inter-dental 10. first stressed, nucleus 11. reduced 12. linking/liaison 13. grammatical 14.[ə] 15.approximants 16. lower 17. voicingⅡ. True or False1-5 FTTFT 6-10 TTTFF 11-15 TTTFT 16-20 TFTTFⅢ. Answer the following questions.1. For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakers may have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in:/ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.2. Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.① A profit was made by those who sold quickly.② A profit was quickly made by those who sold.3. The intonation used in question-tags can have a rising tone or a falling tone, which is showed clearly in the following sentences. (8%)A. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?B. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?4. Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.These two utterances have two different meanings.Utterance A has a falling tone, the speaker is comparatively certain that the information is correct, and simply asking for conformation.Utterance B has a rising tone, the speaker indicates a lesser degree of certainty and the speaker is asking for information.5. Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their成考复习资料P(pre-head), H(head) , N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.(1) I 'used to 'work at a( P ) ( H ) (N )(2) Do you 'speak French and English?( P ) ( H ) ( N ) (T )5.List the four functions of English intonation.(1)The attitude function. Intonation is used to convey feelings and attitudes.(2)The accentual function. The location of the tonic syllable is of considerablelinguistic importance. The most common position is on the last information word of the intonation unit. For contrastive purpose, any word may bear the tonic syllable.(3)The grammatical function. Some sentences may be ambiguous when written, butthis can be removed by the use of intonation.(4)The discourse function of intonation. In speech, people often use intonation tofocus the listener’s attention on aspects of the message that are most important.The falling tone is often used to indicate new information and rising tone to indicate “shared” or “given” information.。
初中英语语音的解析含答案(2)
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：中国是一个古老的国家，全世界的人都来学习中国文化。
考查冠词词义辨析。a一个，不定冠词，放在辅音音素开头的单词前面；an一个，不定冠词，放在元音音素开头的单词前面；the定冠词，表示特指，世界上独一无二的东西。中国是古文化国家之一，选择不定冠词。Ancient单词中第一个字母a发元音/eɪ/。故选B。
考查冠词和字母发音。字母s的发音是[es]，以元音发音开头，所以用an；字母u的发音是[ju:]，辅音发音开头，所以用a，故选B。
【点睛】
使用不定冠词a或者an来表示“一个”时，如果字母或者单词以元音发音开头，而不是根据元音字母开头，则用an。比如本题，虽然s是元音字母，但是发音为[es]，以元音发音开头，所以用an；字母u虽然是元音字母，但是发音是[ju:]，辅音发音开头，所以用a。
23．Which of the underlined vowel(s) has a different sound?
A．theseB．e-dogC．freeD．enjoy
24．I have a pet/ kæt / , it’s very smart .
A．catB．cutC．coatD．cute
25．从A、B、C、D四个选项中找出所含元音音素不同的一个。
A．SubjectB．ProductC．Request
18．Which has the different sound of the letter group ‘igh’ from the other words?
A．highB．nightC．weightD．right
19．Health is more important than__________/welθ/.
Period 1-2 《英语语音》教案
2.爆破音/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/
3.中元音和后元音/ə://ə/ /u:/ /u/ /ɔ:/ /ɔ/ /ʌ/ /a:/
4.摩擦音/v/ /s/ /z/ /∫/ /ʒ/ /θ/ /ð/ /h/ /r/
5.破擦音/ts/ /dz/ /tf/ /dʒ/ /tr/ /dr/
作业
布置
熟读48个音素。
后记
学生们上课能认真听讲，基本了解了48个音素的发音。课堂上，大部分学生能积极参，主动熟读48个音素，但这几组音素她们容易读错：
/s/---/θ/ /z/---/ð/ /∫/---/tf/
/ʒ/---/dʒ/ /ts/---/dz/ /tr/---/dr/
/al/---/ei/ /ɔi/---/iə/ /au/---/əu/
学院教案首页
日期
2018．9.10
周/次
1
班级
应用英语3181、3182、3183
课题
时数
2
重点
介绍48个音素的发音技巧。
难点
介绍读音规则、语句的读法和语调等理论知识。
教学
要求
要求学生课间预习熟读48个音素，了解它们之间的区别。
教法
设计
任务型教学法、合作型教学法、讨论法。
教具
运用
多媒体、图片、卡片、MP3听力文件
6.双元音/al/ /ei/ /ɔi/ /au/ /əu/ /iə/ /εə/ /uə/
7.鼻辅音/m/ /n/ /ŋ/
8.舌边音和半元音/l/ /w/ /j/
第三大部分主要介绍读音规则、语句的读法和语调等理论知识，按照粮音连级、读音规则连读与同化、句子重音与节奏的顺序编排，并随课附带大量操作练习。总体按照以顺序：
教学大纲-语音基础
英语语音基础教学大纲（第二次修订）一、课程基本信息课程名称：英语语音基础课程代码：学分：总学时：课程类别：学科通修课先修课程：面向专业：英语专业二、课程描述内容要求包括如下三方面：1.课程的地位：本课程是英语专业的专业选修课程，是提高学生英语听力和口头表达能力的关键。
该课程的任务是对学生进行系统的英语语音训练，帮助学生掌握正确英语发音、意群、重音、话语节奏，学会使用正确、得体的语音语调表达思想，以达到有效交际的目的；2.教学目标：学生通过本课程的学习，能把语音学习提高到一个新的高度。
为其他相关学科的学习奠定坚实的基础。
3.基本要求：（一）知识目标1、了解英语语音的基本理论和基本朗读技巧。
2、学习英语元音、辅音音素的读音和常见字母组合的发音。
3、学习单词重音、句子重音、强读式和弱读式、不完全爆破、连读、节奏、停顿、基本语调的使用。
4、理解和领悟人们在表达对客观事物的陈述、疑问、请求、命令和问候等方面使用的语调的基本意义和用法。
（二）能力目标1、能够正确拼读元音、辅音音素，具备基本的读音、辨音能力。
2、具有根据重音、语调的变化，理解表达隐含的意图和态度。
3、具有辨别英式英语和美式英语的能力。
4、形成对语言的感受力，做到正确的停顿、连读，语音语调自然、得体，语流流畅。
（三）思想教育目标1、具有实事求是的学风和自主、合作、探究和创新精神。
2、具有较强的职业道德观念。
3、形成正确的语言观和跨文化意识。
4、初步具备辩证思维和逻辑思维能力。
三、教材及参考资料目录（一）指定教材：杨立民《英语语音基础》，2005年7月，外语教学与研究出版社（二）参考资料目录：汪文珍，《英语语音》，2008年3月，上海外语教育出版社孟宪忠，《英语语音学》，1999年3月，华东师范大学出版社曲明文，《英语语音进阶》，1999年9月，上海交通大学出版社徐天福、虞小梅、孙万彪，《现代英语语音学》，陕西人民出版社四、课时分配表五、教学内容目录Unit 1 Basic concepts: Syllables, Stress & RhythmUnit 2 Consonants: StopsUnit 3 Consonants: Fricatives & AffricatesUnit 4 Consonants: Nasals, Approximants & Lateral(s) Unit 5 V owels: Front V owels & Central V owelsUnit 6 V owels: Back V owelsUnit 7 V owels: DiphthongsUnit 8 Stressed syllables and unstressed syllablesUnit 9 Stressed words and unstressed words in a sentence Unit 10 Strong forms and weak formsUnit 11 LinkingUnit 12 Rhythm of English speechUnit 13 Types of intonation in EnglishUnit 14 Intonation unit of EnglishUnit 15 Functions and uses of English intonationUnit 1 Basic concepts: Syllables, Stress &Rhythm 【教学目的与要求】：了解英语音节、重音和节奏特征及其在英语语音学习中的重要作用。
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英语语音基础课程（二）元音：/ɜː/，/ə/，/ʌ/，/ɑ:/辅音：/f/, /v/, /s/, /z/, /θ/, /ð/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /r/, /h/浊化，音节，重读音节，辅音连缀i.Vowel—元音/ɜː/， /ə/，/ʌ/，/ɑ:/a)/ɜː/常由er，ir，or，ur，ear发出发音要诀：微笑，唇呈扁形舌尖靠近下齿龈，但不贴紧发音持续e.g.：b ir d w or k h er p ur se l ear nsh ir t w or d t er m c ur se ear lyThe g ir l gets up ear ly to go to w or k. She walks to w or k at seven th ir ty.b)/ ə /常由字母a，e，i，o，u，以及ar，er，ur发出发音要诀：英语中最轻松的一个音略略开口，从喉咙里发出一个轻微的音注意：不要用力，自然发出音总是短而弱但在英语中出现频率最高e.g.：b a nan a stud e nt fam i ly welc o me Aug u stdoll ar teach er Sat ur day扩充：/ kən/ 弱读形式，用于提问时can/ kæn/ 重读形式，用于回答时e.g.：—Can you sing？—Yes，I can.c)/ʌ /常由u，o发出发音要诀：扁唇在微笑的基础上将口略微开大一点唇角感到紧张短元音，发出的音很清脆e.g.：l o ve m o ther s o me m o neyc u p b u s l u ck s u mmerd)/ɑ:/常由字母a，ar发出发音要诀：松弛自然，口开到最大，不要撅嘴舌尖离开下齿龈长元音，可以持续e.g.：p ar k c ar t f ar mera sk f a ther gl a ss对比：/ʌ/，/ɑ:/ /æ/hut heart hatcut cart catbus bar bage)总结练习：在单词下面的横线上写出黑体部分发出的是下列中哪个音/ɜː/，/ə/，/ʌ/，/ɑ:/a c ar d but f ir stb ar m o ney______ ________________________doct or g ir l f ar mer u p l ar ge______ ______ ______ ______ ______ii.Consonant—辅音/f/, /v/ /s/, /z/ /θ/,/ð/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /r/, /h/a)/f/ 清辅音常由字母f，ph，gh发出发音要诀：上齿放在下唇上，但不要咬唇气流由上齿和下唇之间冲出e.g.：f ish f at ele ph ant ph one lau gh enou ghFred and Fiona like fruit and fish./v/ 浊辅音常由字母v发出发音要诀：发音部位和/f/相同，唯一区别是声带需振动。
e.g.：V icky fi v e se v en twel v e—How old is Vicky？—She is five years old. She is very lovely.b)/s/ 清辅音常由字母是s，ss，c发出发音要诀：舌尖抵下齿龈气流由舌尖和下齿龈之间冲出e.g：same sorry grass class rice pencilSarah：What’s this? _________A bus? _________Sam：Yes.Sarah：And what’s this? _________A horse? _________Sam：No，it’s a mouse.你能在横线上填出该问句应该读升调还是降调吗？/z/ 浊辅音常由字母z发出发音要诀：发音部位和/s/相同，唯一区别是声带需振动。
e.g.：字母Z zoo buzz对比：/s/ /z/C ZSue zoobus buzzc)/θ/清辅音发音要诀：舌尖略略伸出，放在上下齿之间，清触上齿气流从上齿和舌尖之间流出e.g.：mou th th ick th inkMy math teacher is Miss Smith.注意：/θ/音是由字母组合________ 发出对比练习：/θ/ /s/mouth mousethick sickthink sink/ð / 浊辅音发音要诀：发音部位和/θ/相同，唯一区别是声带需振动。
e.g.：This is family. I’m in the middle, between my mother and my father. My big brother，James，is next to my father. My little brother，Peter，is next to my mother. And my grandmother and grandfather are here，behind us.你能用横线把上面这一段话中发出/ð /的字母组合划出来吗？four th th ese th e________ ________ ________th anks th umb fea th er________ ________ ________请在横线上写出th发的是/θ/还是/ð /d)/ʃ/ 清辅音发音要诀：舌尖离开上齿龈，让后往后缩一点点双唇撅起，像小孩子生气时的口形让气流从舌尖与上齿龈之间的缝隙中流出e.g.：sh oe sh opping sh eep sh ips ugar Ru ss ia deli c ious注意：/ʃ/通常是由字母组合________ 发出，但不总是如此！/ʒ/ 浊辅音发音要诀：发音部位和/ʃ /相同，唯一区别是声带需振动。
e.g.：u s ually mea s ure deci s ion televi s ion—What do you u s ually do on Sundays？—I usually watch television.对比练习：/s/ /ʃ / /ʒ/sea she usuallySue shoe televisionsell shell decisionShe sells sea shells at the sea shore.e)/r/发音要诀：舌尖卷起来，停在口腔中央，不要贴在任何部位上双唇撅起，但不要太用力气流由舌面和硬腭之间流出e.g：r ed f r uit r eadF r ed wr ite wr ong注意：“r”在_________总发音，但在辅前有时不发音。
比如说_______人和澳大利亚人，“r”在辅音前不发音；_______和加拿大人，苏格兰人等，“r”在辅音前总发出一个儿化的音。
e.g：Yesterday we learned the word “arm”.f)/h/常由h，wh发出发音要诀：口张开，唇形自然放松轻轻地呼出一口气，不要用力发出的音非常轻，几乎听不见e.g：h at h elp wh o wh ose注意：有一些以h开头的单词，h不发音，比如__________,_________。
iii.浊化，音节与重读音节a)浊化清辅音后跟着一个元音，前面又有一个/s/，一般把该清辅音读成对应的浊辅音。
（属于英语的一个发音习惯）练习：/spɑ://stɑ://stʌdi/ /skɜːt/b)音节与重读音节多数音节由一个元音和一个或几个辅音构成，元音本身也可以成为一个音节。
e.g.：/si:/ /i:t/ /bed //ə/单词根据音节的个数分为______________, ______________和_________________。
在双音节词和多音节词中，其中有一个音节需要重读，读的重且强，用重音符号_________表示。
e.g.：/'θɜːtɪ/ /'fɑːðə/ /'rʌbɪʃ/ /bə'nɑːnə/注：辅音连缀本讲不做总结。
后续课程会详细讲解。
iv.音标词练习1.请准确念出本讲学习的四个元音和十个辅音/ɜː/，/ə/，/ʌ/ /ɑ:/，/f/, /v/ /s/, /z/ /θ/,/ð/,/ʃ/, /ʒ/, /r/, /h/2.请拼读下列音标词，并反复练习做到熟读。
【参考答案】i.Vowel—元音e）/ə/ /ɑ:/ /ʌ/ /ɜː/ /ɑ:/ /ʌ//ə/ /ɜː/ /ɑ:/ /ʌ/ /ɑ:/ii.Consonant—辅音b）降调升调降调升调c）th/θ/ /ð / /ð / /θ/ /θ/ /ð /d）she）元音英国人美国人f）hour honestiii.浊化，音节与重读音节b）单音节词双音节词多音节词'。