英汉汉英翻译教程
翻译教案PPT
第三章 词汇的翻译 Vocabulary Translation key points: Difference in Vocabulary
Ⅰ. Comparison in Vocabulary of Chinese and English:
Examples in Chinese: 开花 blossom 花领带 bright-colored ties 绣花鞋 embroidered shoes 花絮 interesting sidelights 老花眼 presbyopia 花色 design and color
第三章 词汇的翻译 Vocabulary Translation key points: Difference in Vocabulary
Ⅰ. Comparison in Vocabulary of Chinese and English:
Other examples: an open fire明火 an open question尚未解决的问题 an open drain排水阴沟 a man of an open mind虚怀若谷的人 an open port不冻港
第一章绪论 General in English Key points: The purposes and tasks in the
Course of Translation
Ⅱ.Improve both languages in translation: i.e. Understanding the original language. Using the ability of the target language.
第一章绪论 General in English Key points: The purposes and tasks in the
英汉翻译教程张培基【完整版】-张培基英汉翻译教程
《英汉翻译教程》第一章总论翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确完整地重新表达出来的语言活动。
（张培基等1983）我国早期典籍《周礼·秋官司寇》篇里就有“象胥”（谓通言语之官）这一名目，唐朝贾公彦所作的《义疏》里提到“译即易，谓换易言语使相解也。
”这条注疏，关于翻译的定义，足以给人不少启发。
用现代文艺理论和语言理论，也许可以诠释为：翻译是把一种语言文字换易成另一种语言文字，而并不变更所蕴含的意义，——或用近年流行的术语说，并不变更所传递的信息，——以达到彼此沟通，互相了解的目的。
（罗新璋1984）一、关于翻译何谓翻译？关于翻译的定义很多。
根据《现代汉语词典》，翻译是“把一种语言文字的意义用另一种语言文字表达出来”。
根据《剑桥语言百科全书》，“翻译”这个中性术语是指将一种语言（“原语”）里的词句的意思转变为另一种语言（“目的语”）的意思所做的一切，不论其手段是说话、写字还是做手势。
美国著名翻译理论家奈达认为，所谓翻译，是指从语义到语体在译语中用最切近而又最自然的对等语再现原语的信息。
（《奈达论翻译》，1984）有人把翻译看作是一门科学（science），因为它有自身的规律可循；有人看作是一门艺术（art），因为它是译者对原文再创造的过程；也有人看作是一门手艺（craft），因为原语的信息需要用地道恰当的目的语再现。
在自动化数据处理中，翻译又被定义为：“将计算机信息从一种语言转换成另一种语言，或将字符从一种表示转换成另一种表示。
”（《现代科学技术词典》上海科学技术出版社1980）凡此种种，不一而足。
但是，在经济和文化日益全球化的今天，翻译的重要性是有目共睹的。
翻译是国际间理解的钥匙，据说西欧的文明归功于翻译者（据L·G·凯里1979）。
季羡林教授也说，翻译是永葆中华文明青春的万应灵药。
前中国驻联合国代表凌青先生说，从中国来讲，没有翻译工作，就没有中国***和中国近代的革命运动，就没有中国成功的对外开放和四个现代化；从世界范围来讲，没有翻译，就没有世界和平，就没有各种国际交往，就没有一个共同繁荣的美好世界的未来。
英汉汉英翻译教程参考译文
第6课The Miao Dragon Boat Festival (II)The Miao Dragon Boat Festival is different from / differs from the Hans’ / that of the Hans / the Han celebration. Apart from / Besides / In addition to a different date of celebration from that of the Hans’ (which takes place / happens / is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month) , it generally does not include a dragon boat race, but (it) chiefly (includes) visits to friends and relatives in other villages instead. The dragon boat begins its voyage along the river early in the morning / in the early morning, and is received by friends and relatives wherever / at any place where it stops / arrives.When it approaches / comes near a village, an iron blaster is set off to announce its arrival / inform friends and relatives (of its arrival). Villagers on the bank respond with firecrackers / set off firecrackers in response and come to meet it. The hosts present two cups of rice wine to each oarsman / present each oarsman with two cups of rice wine and then tie / fasten gifts—ducks, geese, and colored silks—(on) to the head of the dragon. Gifts for close relatives, like / such as sons-in-law or cousins, are pigs or goats.At about 4 p.m. the boat stops alongside the river bank. The people on the boat eat, with their fingers / without using bowls and chopsticks, meat and glutinous rice balls (which are) placed on the sides of the boat. Women and children on the bank come to “beg”the boatmen for food. Legend had it that if one ate food from a dragon boat, he would be free from disaster and have all his wishes fulfilled, / eating food from a dragon boat would protect one from disaster and fulfill all one’s wishes, which / and that later became a tradition / traditional custom.On the banks of the river are also held / there are also the Miaos’traditional horse races, bullfights and drum dances. Girls in holiday clothes / holiday attire / holiday array / their holiday best dance to (the accompaniment of) (log) drums / (log) drum beats. Young men and women sing antiphonally all through the festival nights; they get to know each other / get acquainted with each other thereby, and often get married / become man and wife later.第7课大本钟大本钟是伦敦最有名的地标之一，也是世界上最大的四钟面时钟之一。
彭长江英汉汉英翻译教程(三)练习参考译文
练习参考译文第1课1.我相信，美国的早期定居者爱家的情感一定非常强烈。
2. 少男少女们离开父母的家，住进自己的房子。
3.老师选中我扮演学校上演的剧中的公主。
4. 演出前几分钟，老师走到我面前，递给我一朵蒲公英。
5. 在相隔遥远的地域突然出现了成就最为卓著的一批发明家和革命家。
好莱坞好莱坞并不真正是一座城市，而是洛杉矶市的一部分。
这个地方也代表着一种思维方式，一种生活方式。
第一批电影是在洛杉矶市西区摄制的。
当时那里遍地都是/ 漫山遍野是一种状似冬青的树林（英语中“冬青林”念“好莱坞”）。
“好莱坞”由此而得名。
电影业始于1911年前后，随后迅速发展。
到1920年，电影业成了洛杉矶市的一种重要产业。
最初的/ 首批/ 第一批电影很短。
这些影片没有声音，所以放映时影院里有人弹钢琴或风琴（伴奏）。
对白放映/ 投射在银幕上。
塞西尔·B·德米尔摄制了第一部大型史诗（影）片/史诗大片《一个国家的诞生》。
1928年，沃尔特·迪斯尼的米老鼠在卡通片《威利号轮船》中首次露面/ 亮相/ 同观众见面。
第一部有声片《爵士歌手》一夜之间大获成功。
第一部全彩卡通片是迪斯尼于1932年摄制的《花草树木》/《花与树》// 1932年摄制了第一部全彩卡通片，即迪斯尼的《花草树木》/ 《花与树》。
不久，摄制了许多有声彩色影片。
电影业继续发展。
默默无闻的男女演员一夜之间成为明星。
人们到处追逐有名的男女演员。
他们买报纸来读，了解自己最喜爱的明星的私生活。
……好莱坞仍然以其魅力吸引着人们，但如今好莱坞摄制的影片已经不多了。
许多老制片厂现在用来制作电视节目。
然而人们仍然怀念好莱坞的鼎盛时期/ 辉煌时期，常去参观马恩中国式剧院，踏进电影明星的混凝土脚印里，装一会儿电影明星/ 过一回明星瘾。
第2课1. Mt.Tianzi has / boasts / enjoys beautiful scenery and a pleasant climate.2. Each stone is more than 1000 kg in weight / weighs more than 1000 kg.3. Out of the living-room walked an old gentleman in a western suit.4. He put on his jacket hastily and walked out with a hoe on his shoulder.5. (You) buy some fruit with this money to take to the hospital. / This money you use to buy some fruit to take to the hospital.Wonders in IndiaI arrived in India / came to India by plane / by air. It was a novel place.Throughout the year, there was always a wide variety of flowers. Sometimes even the locals couldn’t tell the names of the flowers. One day, I saw a lot of very big fruit hanging in a big tree. When I took a closer / more careful look, it turned out to be a flock of bats. During the night, when they spread out their wings, they were / looked / appeared as big as basins.To the southwest of Delhi was a beautiful ancient city (which was) called Jaipur. The buildings of the whole city were painted pink, so it was also known as the City of Roses. In fact, we might as well call it the Land of Peacocks / In fact, it might as well be called the Land of Peacocks. The peacocks there were surprisingly numerous / There were surprisingly numerous peacocks there. Early in the morning, you could see a few peacocks dancing in the flowering shrubs. Every evening, they came out to look for food. They wondered around / about in threes and fours / in small groups. They never avoided people.There were elephants as well / too. They were prettily decked out / up all over. Their keepers called them “Miss Elephant.”Well, they also enjoyed listening to music. When climbing the hill, I rode on an elephant’s back. There was someone ringing a bell behind / Someone was ringing a bell behind. “Miss Elephant” rocked from side to side to the rhythm. After I got down / climbed down from the elephant’s back, the keeper said, “Please give Miss Elephant a little money to buy sweets with (to eat).” The elephant stretched out her trunk to me. I stuffed a coin into her nostril. She flung / threw her trunk back, and passed the coin into her master’s hand. Very cute / smart / clever she was indeed.第3课1. 我(是) 在一个小镇上长大(的) ，镇上的小学到我家，只要步行十分钟。
英汉汉英翻译实训教程Chapter One Introduction to Translation
[点评] ：
(1)译文1中，well-paved确是“铺设得很好的”，可是，一见到well或good
[译就译文成1“]：好铺”，设显得得很语言好贫的乏公。事路实经上过，英一语排里排的这整两洁个的词在，汉现译代时有的很房多屋译法，。 如：a这w些ell房-be屋ha坐ved落gi在rl“树举中止得。体的姑娘”
[译文]: 我们都会想念他的，但我们祝愿他退休后快乐，长寿。 4. He has enough money to burn.
[译文]: 他有花不完的钱。 5. Why did you set the wolf to keep the sheep?
[译文]: 你为什么要引狼入室？
General Introduction to Translation
expression）。
General Introduction to Translation
英汉汉英翻译实训教程
以作者和读者为取向
Chapter One
• 这类翻译标准或原则的共同特点是：翻译既要“忠实”又要 “通顺”，即译文必须既要考虑到原作者又要考虑到译文的 读者。
• 所谓忠实，首先指忠实于原作的内容。译者必须把原作的内 容完整而准确地表达出来，不得有任何篡改、歪曲、遗漏阉 割或任意增删的现象。其次还应保持原作的风格——即原作 的民族风格、时代风格、语体风格、作者个人的语言风格等。 译者对原作的风格不能任意破坏和改变，不能以译者的风格 代替原作的风格。
英汉汉英翻译实训教程
以作者和读者为取向
Chapter One
十八世纪末的英国学者亚历山大·泰特勒（Alexander Fraser Tytler,1747-1814）在《论翻译的原则》（Essay on the Principles of Translation）一书中提出了著名的翻译三 原则：
英汉翻译实用教程第5讲英译汉
• 昆塔觉得，即使他家乡的野兽也比这些人自尊自重。（插 入语换序）
• 2) From the moment they set foot on the territory of their motherland, they were warmly received by their compatriots.
• 他们乐观、能干、热情， 总是想方设法使你一路 上顺利舒适。（状语移位， 并转变为谓语）
• 4） By the end of the war 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of over 200 Belgian and French lives.
• 4) It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.
• 他参不参加会议都没多大关系。
• 5) It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.
•
整理ppt
4
• Subjective clauses:
• Usually we would like to translate noun clause in the same order, that is to say, to remain their original position. Examples:
英汉汉英翻译实训教程Chapter Three- Idiom Translation
Idiom Translation
英汉汉英翻译实训教程
Chapter Three
Translate another group of sentences to check your progress.
1.They offered me a good job at that company but I hear that the boss is as hard as nails: one little mistake and you're out on the street the next day looking for a new job。 [译文]:他们向我提供那家公司的一个很好的职位，但是我听说他们的老板是个 很难相处的人：只要你犯一个小错，他马上把你一脚踢出公司大门，让你另谋 生路。
Idiom Translation
英汉汉英翻译实训教程
Listen to Doctor Translator
Chapter Three
1. The crafty enemy was ready to launch an attack while holding out the olive branch.
[译文]：那个年轻人对警察说他与这宗盗窃案无关，但警察看了他的汽车行李箱， 将其人赃并获。
[点评]：“caught red-handed ”原指手上沾满鲜血的杀人犯被逮个现行。在例句 中
译为“人赃并获”，也指犯有任何罪行者当场被捉。
4. Better get a hair cut before you go to that job interview tomorrow. You want to put a best foot forward because there are twenty other people after the same job.
英汉汉英视译教程上篇英译汉第三单元 数词句视译
第3单元 数词句视译 〔例段〕
【笔译】 赞比亚是举全国之力做事的成功范例。今年，约 300 万床耐用驱虫蚊帐分发到全国各地，该数字 已接近其国家目标，即把拥有至少一床蚊帐的家 庭比例从两年前的20%提升到80%。
【视译】 赞比亚是举全国之力做事的典范。已有三百万床优 质蚊帐于今年分发到全国各地，该数字与其国家目 标十分接近，即让百分之八十的家庭至少拥有一床 蚊帐，而两年前拥有一床蚊帐的家庭只有百分之二 十。
【笔译】 在近两年半的时间内，印度约有一亿七 千万儿童接种了抗小儿麻痹症的疫苗。
【视译】 在不到两年半的时间里，一亿七千万印 度儿童接种了小儿麻痹疫苗。
第3单元 数词句视译〔例句〕
〈译评〉 笔译句式是书面化语言，显得有些呆板。 视译版本更口语化，尤其是“印度
儿童〞结构既符合汉语的表达习惯，又 减少了翻译数字时可能面临的干扰。
第3单元 数词句视译〔例句〕
2. His brother was just over eighteen when he left home to make a living on his own.
【笔译】 他哥哥离家单独谋生时才刚满18 周岁。
【视译】 他哥哥刚满十八岁便离家单独谋生了。
第3单元 数词句视译〔例句〕
第3单元 数词句视译〔例段〕
〈译评〉相较笔译而言，视译更具同传的某些特征， 如理解原文时重实词，轻虚词；重语义， 轻逻辑。表述译文时重要义，轻修饰；重 习惯，轻句法。视译句子里inspiring 的语 义便揉进了“典范〞；“优质〞便包含了 long-lasting 的语义；“蚊帐〞即使没有经 过杀虫剂处理也同样具有驱虫效果，该细 节在此无需赘述，目的还是尽量减少干扰， 易于视译受众理解。
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第三章 词汇的翻译 Vocabulary Translation key points: Difference in Vocabulary
English: Ⅰ. Comparison in Vocabulary of Chinese and English: Chineess up sb. 打抱不平 defend sb. against an injustice 打官腔 speak in a bureaucratic tone 打官司 go to court
★
第三章 词汇的翻译 Vocabulary Translation key points: Difference in Vocabulary
English: Ⅰ. Comparison in Vocabulary of Chinese and English: examples: Other examples: debt负债 Run into debt负债 seed变得不修边幅 Run to seed变得不修边幅 streets流浪街头 Run the streets流浪街头 presidency竞选总统 Run for presidency竞选总统
★
Chinese: in Chinese: turn on the light pilot an airplane operate a machine establish a new enterprise open a lock drive a car run a teahouse pay expenses
第三章 词汇的翻译 Vocabulary Translation key points: Difference in Vocabulary
English: Ⅰ. Comparison in Vocabulary of Chinese and English:
★
a a a a a a
Take“heavy example: Take heavy” for example: heavy heavy meal 不容易消化的饭菜 reading单调乏味的读物 heavy reading单调乏味的读物 note大量的选票 heavy note大量的选票 investor巨额投资者 heavy investor巨额投资者 thinker思想深沉的人 heavy thinker思想深沉的人 schedule排得很紧凑的日程表 heavy schedule排得很紧凑的日程表
第三章 词汇的翻译 Vocabulary Translation key points: Difference in Vocabulary
English: Ⅰ. Comparison in Vocabulary of Chinese and English: examples: Other examples: fire明火 an open fire明火 question尚未解决的问题 an open question尚未解决的问题 drain排水阴沟 an open drain排水阴沟 mind虚怀若谷的人 a man of an open mind虚怀若谷的人 port不冻港 an open port不冻港
★
第三章 词汇的翻译 Vocabulary Translation key points: Difference in Vocabulary
English: Ⅰ. Comparison in Vocabulary of Chinese and English: Examples 开灯 开飞机 开机器 开办新企业 开锁 开车 开茶馆 开销
第三章 词汇的翻译 Vocabulary Translation key points: Difference in Vocabulary
English: Ⅰ. Comparison in Vocabulary of Chinese and English: meaning: ★ Affective meaning: Dragon: Dragon: is in unique position in Chinese nationality emperors. connected with emperors. English. But there is no such meaning in English. evil”. It sometimes means “evil evil The word propaganda is neutral or even commendatory , Nazi. but is connected with Nazi.
第一章： 第一章：绪论 General in English Key points: The purposes and tasks in the Course of Translation
translation: Ⅰ.The knowledge and skill of translation:
The content is the summary of practice and experience of translators. many translators. The examples are their highlights in works. their works. Therefore, we are benefited from their course. experience and works in the course. Requirements: Requirements: 1、 Enlarge Vocabulary 2、 Apply sentences accurately
★
第三章 词汇的翻译 Vocabulary Translation key points: Difference in Vocabulary
English: Ⅰ. Comparison in Vocabulary of Chinese and English: Chinese: Examples in Chinese: 开花 blossom bright花领带 bright-colored ties 绣花鞋 embroidered shoes 花絮 interesting sidelights 老花眼 presbyopia 花色 design and color
一、课程简介 A Textbook of English-Chinese and Chinese-English Translation
方法：以英汉比较为主。在词汇、句子、 方法 ： 以英汉比较为主 。 在词汇 、 句子 、 语 篇段落等层面对两种语言的异同进行分析、 篇段落等层面对两种语言的异同进行分析 、 比较，总结翻译方法。通过比较，帮助学生 比较， 总结翻译方法。 通过比较， 领悟与翻译方法有关的道理，通过实践练习， 领悟与翻译方法有关的道理 ，通过实践练习， 掌握翻译的方法与技巧。 掌握翻译的方法与技巧。
第二章 翻译的过程 Process in Translation
translation: Ⅱ.Levels in translation:
★ ★ ★ ★
textual level referential level cohesion level level of naturalness
Correction: Ⅲ. Correction:
language. Using the ability of the target language.
第一章绪论 General in English Key points: The purposes and tasks in the Course of Translation
Ⅲ.Enhance the general knowledge and get to know sciences. history, geography and other sciences. The writer usually writes what he is familiar with, however , him. the translator has to put something strange to him. As a result, he must learn it while translating, he can accumulate the experience and expand the knowledge and improve his translation skill at the time. same time.
目的： 目的：帮助学生系统地掌握翻译基本知识 与技巧，初步了解英汉两种语言在语法、 与技巧，初步了解英汉两种语言在语法、 词汇及修辞等方面的异同， 词汇及修辞等方面的异同，学会英汉互译 的基本技能， 的基本技能，使学生能将英汉译成符合语 法规则, 语义准确，句子通顺， 法规则 语义准确，句子通顺，忠实于原文 的文章。 的文章。
一、课程简介 A Textbook of English-Chinese and Chinese-English Translation
用两学期完成本课程。以英汉翻译教程为主， 用两学期完成本课程。 以英汉翻译教程为主， 再以其它翻译教材与书籍中选择一些实例， 再以其它翻译教材与书籍中选择一些实例 ， 辅导学生在实践中学习， 辅导学生在实践中学习 ， 通过练习掌握翻译 方法与技巧，通过实践提升翻译技能。 方法与技巧，通过实践提升翻译技能。 第一学期主要讲解第一章至第六章 第二学期完成第七章至十三章。 第二学期完成第七章至十三章。
英汉汉英翻译教程
一、课程简介 二、第一章绪论 三、第二章翻译的过程 四、第三章词汇的翻译 五、第四章词汇翻译的技巧（上） 第四章词汇翻译的技巧（ 六、第五章词汇翻译的技巧（下） 第五章词汇翻译的技巧（ 七、第六章句子翻译
一、课程简介 A Textbook of English-Chinese and Chinese-English Translation