汉英翻译基础教程 第1章 练习参考答案
《英汉翻译入门》练习参考答案
说明:任何一个句子在不同的语境可以有不同的译法，即使同一个语境也允许有不同的措辞，只要能表达出原句的确切意思。
本着这个原则，本书没有提供练习答案。
但是考虑到教师的需要，本人提供了下列参考译文，但绝不是唯一正确的，更不是什么“标准的”译文，只供参考。
同仁们使用中有什么不同意见或疑问，欢迎同我商量。
我的e-mail地址是：*****************.cn陈德彰Key to Exercises on page 20:1. 她（爱）恋着他。
/ 她爱着他。
/ 她爱上了她。
2. 请勿在此/ 此处不得小便/ 倒垃圾。
3. 我也没辙/ 没有办法/ 无能为力。
/ 我控制不住。
4. （不知不觉中/ 没想到这么快）我就来到了小山跟前。
5. 人们要买很多鸟，可是我没有那么多。
6. How can you/he/they say that?It’s (simply) absurd!7. Don’t (you) try to shift the blame on others/somebody else.8. That’s extraordinarily interesting/fascinating/amusing.There is so much fun / It is full of fun.9. He never cares for any possible consequences.Key to Exercises on page 24I. 1. beat (won the game / match.) 2. allow / agree to give her 3. one (not “it”) 4. if they are in poor health 5. anyone of the people 6.with satisfaction /satisfied 7. The story made him sad.II. 1. 这是工会组织的罢工。
新英汉翻译教程-第一二章翻译的过程答案
13 返回章重点 退出
课堂互动1 ：翻译句子（参考译文）
2.My fingers lingered almost unconsciously on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet southern spring.
课堂互动2 课堂互动3 课堂互习2
2. 3 认真审校
第二章综合练习及参考译文
----end
第二章
Processes of Translation
翻译的过程
翻译是在正确理解原文的基础上， 用译入语文字创造性地再现原文思想内 容的语言过程。 第一步是理解，第二
例2：Eager to trust but determined to verify, many single women in an age of risky romance are hiring private detectives to check the background of their suitors.
统一体。
18 返回章重点 退出
例1：He came up to her, his red face, with its bloodshot eyes, thrust forward, and gripped her arms. She cried in fear of him, struggled to be free.
小节结束 12
返回章重点 退出
课堂互动1 ：翻译句子（参考译文）
1. Nor is the importance of trade likely to diminish for either China or the United States.
【优质】英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华
6. If you do it like that, you'll be completely (gravely / seriously) mistaken (be absolutely wrong / make a big mistake / make a major blunder / commit a very gross error).
二、翻译下列句子，注意增补代词。
1. Hand in your exercise-books, please.
2. I can't express myself in English.
3. Liberalism manifests itself in various ways.
4. Don't overwork yourself.
2. Another example. The reading of Chinese classics is a must for all Chinese. Nevertheless, it was not until I was over 30 that I came to realize the importance of self-study in the matter of classics.
5. I wish to avail myself of this opportunity to express our gratitude to you.
7. turn a deaf ear to
8. burn one's boat
《新英汉翻译教程》第一章课后作业答案
If it worked once, it can work twice⑽一次得手，再次不愁例2:The child has started going on all fours.孩子会爬了1.He has a weakness for smokingB．他有抽烟的癖好。
2．A cat is a cleanly animalB．猫是喜爱清洁的动物。
He is dead，as I liveB．他的确死了。
4．His English leaves nothing to be desiredB．他的英语无可挑剔。
5.I would rather have his room than his companyB．我宁愿他不在。
6.Your loss is nothing to mineA．你的损失与我无关7．The patient is waiting to cross the StyxB．这个病人已经等死了。
8.The headmaster made an example of the boy.B．校长惩罚这个孩子，目的在于警告他人。
9．The Disney management is stressing this tradition in an apparent response to suggestions that is culturally insensitive.B. 迪斯尼管理强调，这一传统显然是有人对迪斯尼管理在文化传统方面麻木不仁的态度所提出的种种建议。
10．The effort to shield assets to be passed on to children and grandchildren is making prenups more common among retired people in their 60s and 70s who are remarrying after a spouse has died.B. 努力保护自己的婚前契约，把财产能传到儿孙手中，这在已退休并丧偶、又准备再婚的六七十岁的老人当中十分普遍。
英汉汉英翻译实训教程Chapter One Introduction to Translation
[点评] ：
(1)译文1中，well-paved确是“铺设得很好的”，可是，一见到well或good
[译就译文成1“]：好铺”，设显得得很语言好贫的乏公。事路实经上过，英一语排里排的这整两洁个的词在，汉现译代时有的很房多屋译法，。 如：a这w些ell房-be屋ha坐ved落gi在rl“树举中止得。体的姑娘”
[译文]: 我们都会想念他的，但我们祝愿他退休后快乐，长寿。 4. He has enough money to burn.
[译文]: 他有花不完的钱。 5. Why did you set the wolf to keep the sheep?
[译文]: 你为什么要引狼入室？
General Introduction to Translation
expression）。
General Introduction to Translation
英汉汉英翻译实训教程
以作者和读者为取向
Chapter One
• 这类翻译标准或原则的共同特点是：翻译既要“忠实”又要 “通顺”，即译文必须既要考虑到原作者又要考虑到译文的 读者。
• 所谓忠实，首先指忠实于原作的内容。译者必须把原作的内 容完整而准确地表达出来，不得有任何篡改、歪曲、遗漏阉 割或任意增删的现象。其次还应保持原作的风格——即原作 的民族风格、时代风格、语体风格、作者个人的语言风格等。 译者对原作的风格不能任意破坏和改变，不能以译者的风格 代替原作的风格。
英汉汉英翻译实训教程
以作者和读者为取向
Chapter One
十八世纪末的英国学者亚历山大·泰特勒（Alexander Fraser Tytler,1747-1814）在《论翻译的原则》（Essay on the Principles of Translation）一书中提出了著名的翻译三 原则：
英译汉教程第一章练习答案
英译汉教程第一章练习答案Examples & Drills 1.3.1Improve or correct the following translations:(1) Poor translation due to inaccurate comprehension:1）This will go a long way towards overcoming the difficulties.这对克服困难有很大的帮助。
2）Go it while you are young.趁还年轻就放手去做吧。
3） I could do with more leisure time.我需要更多的空闲时间。
4）This failure was the making of him.这次失败造就了他。
5）I wish peace could be saved at the eleventh hour.我希望在最后时刻可以赢得和平。
6）. She knew a thing or two about it.她对此事有些了解。
7）She is too ready to speak.她很乐意发言。
8）News came through on the wireless of a rich oil field district.通过无线电传来了某一藏油丰富地区的消息。
9）News came through on the wireless of a rich oil field district.根据当时的形势他深信将会有一场漫长而艰苦的战争。
10）What are the perspectives of the national liberation movement and the relations between China and the Third World countries?对民族解放运动和中国同第三世界国家关系的看法是什么呢？(2) Poor translation due to inappropriate representation:1）This is a 100-hour reliable engine.这台发动机可以连续运转100个小时，非常可靠。
基础翻译课后答案
I 课内练习答案第一章翻译理论第一节翻译的基本原理课前活动第一句来自自马克吐温《密西西比河上的生活》。
原文是优美的景物描写。
（见“补充文字材料”。
）译文1没有翻译出原文风格；译文2是百度翻译的，完全不通顺。
译文3较好地做到了信达雅。
第二句来自一篇科普文章。
第一个翻译文白间杂，滥用四字成语，不符合原文的语体风格。
第二个较好地做到了“信达切”，但对kingdom的词义选择有误。
第一二句分别属于不同的genre(体裁)，这就意味两个文本的语体风格不同：第一个语篇为散文语体，第二个语篇为说明文，因此属于不同的register(语域，指因使用场合、对象、领域等不同有不同的语体；语言的具体变体),而语域的不同决定了语言词汇范围选择不同。
散文体使用优美的文字和四字描写成语比较多，而说明文体的语言要求文字严谨、准确、易懂。
通过分析两个源语文本的文体风格，两个语篇的翻译选项谁优谁劣就不难做出选择了。
第三句来自Thomas Henry Huxley 的Evolution and Ethics, 译文1来自2010年的版本《进化论与伦理学》（宋启林等译），译文2来自1896年严复的版本《天演论》。
由于历史的原因，两个版本不存在孰优孰劣。
老师可以借讨论最后一个例子引入严复“信达雅”的翻译标准，并鼓励学生各抒己见。
思考与练习1.翻译的定义五花八门，对它们的归类可以因角度而异。
根据你的阅读积累和思考，对翻译定义还可以如何进行分类？答：翻译定义可以因为翻译的视角、翻译的目的、翻译所涉的领域不同而不同；也可以因为翻译时代的不同而不同以及翻译的诉求不同而不同。
例如，有基于语言层面的定义、超越语言层面的、有交际理论层面的还有艺术层面的等等。
2.请你介绍一两个令你印象最为深刻的翻译定义。
答：美国当代语言学家以翻译理论家和实践家尤金.A.奈达的著名翻译论断：Translation means translating meaning. 这个定义既简练又不简单。
郭著章、李庆生《英汉互译实用教程》（第3版）课后习题及详解-第1~6章【圣才出品】
郭著章、李庆⽣《英汉互译实⽤教程》（第3版）课后习题及详解-第1~6章【圣才出品】第1章翻译概述⼀、填空1. Yan Fu’s 3-word translation criteria are _____, _____and_____.【答案】faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance【解析】严复提出的翻译标准：信、达、雅。
2. Translation in China has a long history of some_____years.【答案】two thousand【解析】我国的翻译事业有约2000年的历史。
3. The two words used as the common criteria of translation in China today are _____and_____.【答案】faithfulness, smoothness【解析】我国现今通⽤的两个翻译标准：“信”和“达”。
⼆、回答下列问题1. What is meant by translation?【答案】Translation is a representation or recreation in one language of what is written or said in another language, not only an art but also a science.2. What was Karl Marx fond of saying about the importance of a foreign language?【答案】Karl Marx was fond of saying: “A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life.”3. What are the prerequisites for a qualified translator?【答案】Generally speaking, a qualified translator should have five prerequisites:① a good command of the source language,② a good command of the target language,③ a wide range and scope of knowledge,④ a high political consciousness,⑤ a necessary knowledge of basic techniques used in translation.4. How to define the literal translation and the liberal translation?【答案】Literal translation refers to an adequate representation of the original almost without any change of word-order or sentence construction. Liberal translation is also called free translation, which does not adhere strictly to the form or word-order of the original.5. What do you think should be the criteria of translation?【答案】To me, the criteria of translation should be the following two words: faithfulness and smoothness, or even only one word: faithfulness.三、英译汉1. Source language and target language【答案】译出语和译⼊语2. the Oriental and Occidental languages 【答案】东⽅语⾔和西⽅语⾔3. Alexander Fraser Tyler【答案】亚历⼭⼤?弗雷泽?泰勒4. Georges Mounin【答案】乔治?穆南5. Feedorov【答案】费道罗夫6. Indu Dharmarakcha【答案】竺法护7. Kumara’3iva【答案】鸠摩罗什8. Paramartha(Gunarata)【答案】真谛/波罗末陀（拘那罗陀）【答案】利玛窦10. Euclid’s Elements【答案】《⼏何原本》11. La Dame aux Camelias【答案】《茶花⼥》12. A History of Politics(by E. Jenks)【答案】《社会通诠》（甄克思著）13. On Liberty(by J. S. Mill)【答案】《群⼰权界论》（约翰?穆勒著）14. An Inquiry Into the Nature and Cause of the Wealth of Nations(by A.Smith) 【答案】原富》（亚当?斯密）15. Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays(by T. H. Huxley)【答案】《天演论》（赫胥黎）四、汉译英【答案】faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance2. “宁顺⽽不信。
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第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译
第一节翻译中的选义
一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文
1. b
2. a
3. b
4. a
二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配
1． a swarm of bees
a brood of chickens
a litter of pups
2. a bevy of beautiful ladies
a pack of hounds
a team of ducks
a herd of antelopes
3. unfailing support
proactive fiscal policy
make effective use of overseas resources
4. make a phone call
take a taxi
knit a woolen sweater
fetch water
play basketball
spray insecticide
5. basic wage
capital construction
essential commodity
primary industry
fundamental interest
三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解
1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern
2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.
3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.
4. Everyone complained against such a practice.
5. They had a dispute at the meeting.
6. You should follow the doctor's advice.
7. They reached a consensus on this issue.
8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.
9. We have consulted him about the matter.
10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now
第二节翻译中的选词
一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。
1. That depends upon circumstances.
2. This state of affairs must be changed.
3. How do matters stand with them?
4. He presents all his books to the library
5. A teacher should devote himself to the cause of education.
6. The committee consists of 15 members.
7. Air is made up of a mixture of gases.
8. Go in for rigorous training and set strict³ömand.
二、翻译下列词组，注意词汇的搭配方式。
1．set sail
2. open quotation
3. the beginning of spring
4. go into operation
5．be taken in
6. make progress
7. distinguished guests
8. be on duty
三、翻译下列各句，注意汉语中词汇的词义范围。
1. It rained cats and dogs (hard / heavily) three days on end (in succession / running).
2. He likes talking big (talking large / talking horse /talking tall)/ he likes saying big words (large words) .
3. They are giving the classroom a good (general / spring / through) clean(ing).
4. A person like him is by no means (in no way / on no account / never / not absolutely) rare.
5. We should go in for industry in a big way in accordance with your suggestion.
6. If you do it like that, you'll be completely (gravely / seriously) mistaken (be absolutely wrong / make a big mistake / make a major blunder / commit a very gross error).
第三节翻译中的多样性
一、翻译下列句子，注意画线词的多样性译法。
1."It sounds as if the two of you are always of one mind,” Second Sister chuckled, "How would
it be if we were to betroth you to him?"
2. Through clenched teeth he added, ...
3. "She bore me no grudge," replied Xifeng. "It was Baoyu who made her grind her teeth with rage just before she died. "
4. But after her initial fright Xifeng put on a bold face. "If she's dead," she retorted, "What's
all the fuss about?"
二、翻译下列句子，注意画线部分的成语。
1. The more you get, the more you want.
2. It’s only natural for man to hanker for more.
3. Goodness knows what they're being so secretive about.
4. She's been creeping in here the last couple of days in a very sneaky way. Goodness knows what she's up to.
5. Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing?
6. Anything will do; don't fuss.
7. Our grandma is ill; don't kick up such a shindy.(口语：吵架。
争吵，打架)
8. When others heard this they commented, “We thought it was someone who mattered isn't worth making such a fuss about.”。