英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华

汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配1． a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。

1. That depends upon circumstances.2. This state of affairs must be changed.3. How do matters stand with them?4. He presents all his books to the library5. A teacher should devote himself to the cause of education.6. The committee consists of 15 members.7. Air is made up of a mixture of gases.8. Go in for rigorous training and set strict³ömand.二、翻译下列词组，注意词汇的搭配方式。

1．set sail2. open quotation3. the beginning of spring4. go into operation5．be taken in6. make progress7. distinguished guests8. be on duty三、翻译下列各句，注意汉语中词汇的词义范围。

1. It rained cats and dogs (hard / heavily) three days on end (in succession / running).2. He likes talking big (talking large / talking horse /talking tall)/ he likes saying big words (large words) .3. They are giving the classroom a good (general / spring / through) clean(ing).4. A person like him is by no means (in no way / on no account / never / not absolutely) rare.5. We should go in for industry in a big way in accordance with your suggestion.6. If you do it like that, you'll be completely (gravely / seriously) mistaken (be absolutely wrong / make a big mistake / make a major blunder / commit a very gross error).第三节翻译中的多样性一、翻译下列句子，注意画线词的多样性译法。

1."It sounds as if the two of you are always of one mind,” Second Sister chuckled, "How wouldit be if we were to betroth you to him?"2. Through clenched teeth he added, ...3. "She bore me no grudge," replied Xifeng. "It was Baoyu whomade her grind her teeth withrage just before she died. "4. But after her initial fright Xifeng put on a bold face. "If she's dead," she retorted, "What'sall the fuss about?"二、翻译下列句子，注意画线部分的成语。

1. The more you get, the more you want.2. It’s only natural for man to hanker for more.3. Goodness knows what they're being so secretive about.4. She's been creeping in here the last couple of days in a very sneaky way. Goodness knowswhat she's up to.5. Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing?6. Anything will do; don't fuss.7. Our grandma is ill; don't kick up such a shindy.(口语：吵架。

争吵，打架)8. When others heard this they commented, “We thought it was someone who mattered isn't worth making such a fuss about.”第二章词法翻译的一般技巧第一节对等译法一、翻译下面的句子，注意搭配产生的“假朋友”1. a faithful Christian2. a loving parent3. an obedient child4. a virtuous wife5. a dutiful husband6. a hardworking student7. strong wind 8. thick fog9 heavy rain二、翻译下列句子，注意不顾语境而产生的“假朋友”。

1. Only when they find much n common and hope to keep in touch later on, will they offer their cards. (注意不要把“投机”翻译成speculative)2. Another example. The reading of Chinese classics is a must for all Chinese. Nevertheless, it was not until I was over 30 that I came to realize the importance of self-study in the matter of classics.3. Dear young friends, my advice to you is: Do physical exercises perseveringly. That has nothing to do with merry-making or time-wasting. Good health is the wherewithal for a successful life and career.三、用对等译法，翻译下列成语。

1. fish in troubled waters2. be after one's own heart3. skin and bones4. touch and go5. hit the nail on the head6. be head and shoulders above others7. turn a deaf ear to8. burn one's boat9. turn a blind eye to10. look for a needle in a bundle of hay四、用对等译法，翻译下列谚语。

1. Practice makes perfect.2. More haste, less speed.3. East or west, home is best.4. All is fish that comes to the net.5. Everything comes to him who waits6. The moon is not seen when the sun shines7. Look before you leap.8. There is no smoke without fire.第二节增词译法一、翻译下列句子，注意增补冠词1. Even a child can answer this question.2. This is the head of our delegation3. He put the paper aside and turned on the radio.4. The Chinese people are industrious and brave.5. We must have faith in the masses.6. The compass was invented in China7. The moon moves around the earth.二、翻译下列句子，注意增补代词。