Basic Kaizen Tools

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7大浪费经典介绍(中英文版)ppt课件

7大浪费经典介绍(中英文版)ppt课件
水=库存
Equipment
Downtime 设备停机时间
Poor layout 糟糕的厂区布局
Supplier Quality 供应商的质量
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Low Down Inventory To Expose Problem
通过降库存暴露问题
库存水平
维修问题 效率问题 质量问题
交货问题
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Waste of Motion
• Define and discuss value added and non-value added 定义和讨论“增值”与“非增值”
• Identify and discuss ways to eliminate waste 辨认和探讨消除浪费的方法
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Identification of Waste 浪费的识别
Why? 为什么?
Therefore 因此
The greater the resistance 阻力越大
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To improve we must continuously change 要提高就必须不断改进
For every action (change) there is an equal & opposite reaction 每一次用力(改变)都会有相应的反作用力
磨削工序
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Value Added – Examples
增值案例
Is it Value Added (VA) or Non-Value Added (NVA)?
请判断是否增值?
VA增值 NVA不增值 Cutting operation
切削工序
Grinding operation

ShopfloorkaizenTraining 外资咨询公司中文版

ShopfloorkaizenTraining 外资咨询公司中文版
丰田系统是建立在准时化观念上的拉动 式生产模式,以应付小订单多品种的挑战
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Key Points for Manufacturing System 制造系统要点
Craft 手工生产
• Low volume • Customized
• 低产量 • 个性化
Mass 大规模生产
• Large batches of similar products
• 消除浪费 • 不断改进 • 员工参与
Lean 精益生产组织
• Builds on synchronous manufacturing
• Emphasize on lead time reduction
• Improve asset utilization
• Built to customer demand
KAI
Change变
ZEN
Good好
(for the better - next elevated state为了更好的下一个提升了的阶段)
KAIZEN = Change for good变好 ‘Continual Improvement’持续改善
Improvement done anywhere is not Kaizen做了改进不一定做了改善
why change
Current Environment
Customer is No. 1
Importance of flow- people, parts and information
Aware and understand muda
Only do what you need, when you need
精益就是“越来越多和越来越少”。 精益的中心思想就是消除浪费,也就是

CI 持续改进

CI 持续改进

改进目标设定
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(JDI/Lean/GB/BB/KT)
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JCMS 十 大 工 具
财务指标
财务指标:成本/EQU
Conversion Cost/EQU每标准单位产量的制造成 本
Total Labor & Fringe Cost/EQU每标准单位产量 的人工及福利成本
根据每标准单位产量即将原材料转换为一件成品所需的成本衡量成本 状况。
持续改进流程
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1 关键指标
财务指标
EQU
BBP指标
运营指标
MU/PCU/TCU
业务单元指标
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Johnson Controls, Inc. —
改进目标设定
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(JDI/Lean/GB/BB/KT)
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JCMS 十 大 工 具
利润与成本
对成本的重新思考 在价格,成本和利润的关系中,有两种不同的思考方法:
法,完工程度指工艺在该道工艺占得比例;
12 Johnson Controls, Inc. — .
EQU标准单位当量
例子:座椅骨架EQU计算表格
基础量 因子1 因子2 因子3 完工程度
EQU基础数据需要满足以下要求: ❖ 数据准确,严格基于图纸数据,工程更改后相应数据发生改变 ❖ 及时:当期数据,做了多少产品,而不是销售多少产品;
16 Johnson Controls, Inc. —
持续改进流程
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1 关键指标
财务指标
EQU
BBP (最佳业务
实践)
运营指标
MU/PCU/TCU
业务单元指标
17 Johnson Controls, Inc. —
改进目标设定

Basic Kaizen Tools

Basic Kaizen Tools

CURRENT
TARGET
DAY 1
DAY 2
DAY 3
DAY 4
FINAL RESULT
% CHANGE
REMARKS:
Process: __________________________ Part # ____________________________ Part Name: ________________________
Using the Basic Using the Basic Kaizen Tools Kaizen Tools
1 1 2 3 2 3
☛Calculate Takt Time. ☛Calculate Takt Time. ☛Identify problems. ☛Identify problems. ☛Set targets and enter on Target ☛Set targets and enter on Target Progress Report Progress Report ☛Plan & initiate Kaizen Workshop. ☛Plan & initiate Kaizen Workshop.
☛Try out ideas for kaizen ☛Try out ideas for kaizen immediately, verify results. immediately, verify results. ☛Prepare Kaizen Proposal Sheets ☛Prepare Kaizen Proposal Sheets for effective kaizen ideas. for effective kaizen ideas.
No. PROBLEM WHO

1[1]JCMS精益生产I标准版

1[1]JCMS精益生产I标准版
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周期时间
指该产品从原材料投入生产开始,经过加工,到产品完成的 全部时间。 周期时间必须小于或等于节拍时间(Takt Time) 否则……
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Kaizen
Kai =改变 Change Zen =好、更好 Good ,for the better
20% (One Time准时)
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1/10 of 1% Every Day每天
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批量生产
美国汽车的平均售价也从1000美元左右,降到了360美元( 1907年)。
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批量生产
大批量,单品种
无需高技能,每人只需做整个工作的一小部分 工作无自豪感、不满意 采用生产装配线 零部件可通用 批量单一产品 讲究产量,而非质量 价廉 生产周期短 生产投入高
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丰田生产系统
生活中的kaizan
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Kaizen的定义
以标准化工作为基础,团队通过运用PDCA戴明环的工具,进行持续 改进。
标准化工作 团队 PDCA
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Kaizen的过程
6.指定新的计划
1.熟悉现状
5.决策或调整
Basic Tools 基础工具
JCMS Overview
Value Stream Mapping 价值流

Prefer by PBU 产品业务单元推荐工具
Culture & Awareness Problem Solving
问题解决
5S & Visual Management 目视管理/5s
Standard Operations 标准
纠正/返工
Overprocessing
过度加工
Waiting
等待
Making more than what the customer needs

7大浪费经典介绍(中英文)

7大浪费经典介绍(中英文)
水=库存
Equipment
Downtime 设备停机时间
Poor layout 糟糕的厂区布局
Supplier Quality 供应商的质量
Low Down Inventory To Expose Problem
通过降库存暴露问题
库存水平
维修问题 效率问题 质量问题
交货问题
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Waste of Motion
磨削工序
Heat Treatment
热处理
Moving Material
搬运
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Value Added – Examples
增值案例
Is it Value Added (VA) or Non-Value Added (NVA)?
请判断是否增值?
VA增值 NVA不增值 Cutting operation
为什么?
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Overproduction Waste
生产过剩
Overproduction spins off all other types of waste 生产过剩 超过了 其他所有的 浪费形式
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• Overproduction
• Need more boxes • Need many pallets • Need fork lift • Need fork lift drivers • Need additional floor space • Need warehouse • Need warehouse operators • Many parts get rusty • Need sorting operator • Need rework • Make scrap
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Value Added – Examples

汽车品质英语.

汽车品质英语.

汽车品质英语1.1质量基础词汇(basic quality vocabularies 1.1.1质量quality1.1.2要求requirement1.1.3等级grade1.1.4降级regrade1.1.5顾客满意customer satisfaction1.1.6能力capability1.2质量管理(quality management1.2.1体系(系统 system1.2.2质量管理体系quality management system 1.2.3质量目标quality objective1.2.4管理management1.2.5最高管理者top management1.2.6质量管理quality management1.2.7质量策划quality planning1.2.8质量控制quality control1.2.9质量保证quality assurance1.2.10质量改进quality improvement1.2.11持续改进continual improvement1.2.12有效性effectiveness1.2.13效率efficiency1.3有关组织的词汇(V ocabularies about organization 1.3.1组织organization1.3.2组织结构organizational structure1.3.3基础设施infrastructure1.3.4工作环境work environment1.3.5顾客customer1.3.6供方supplier1.3.7相关方interested party1.4质量人员的词汇(V ocabularies about quality career1.4.1品质控制人员(QCquality control1.4.2终点质量控制人员(FQCfinal quality control1.4.3制程质量控制人员(IPQCin process quality control1.4.4最终出货质量控制人员(OQCoutput quality control1.4.5进料质量控制人员(IQCincoming quality control1.4.6段检人员(PQCpassage quality control1.4.7质量保证人员(QAquality assurance1.4.8质量工程人员(QEquality engineering1.5与过程和产品有关的词汇(V ocabularies about process and product 1.5.1过程process1.5.2产品product1.5.3项目project1.5.4设计与开发design and development1.5.5程序procedure1.6与特性有关的词汇(V ocabularies about characteristics1.6.1特性characteristics1.6.2质量特性quality characteristic1.6.3可信性dependability1.6.4可追溯性traceability1.7与符合性有关的词汇(V ocabularies about conformity1.7.1合格(符合conformity1.7.2不合格(不符合nonconformity1.7.3缺陷defect1.7.4预防措施preventive action1.7.5纠正措施corrective action1.7.6纠正correction1.7.7返工rework1.7.8返修repair1.7.9报废scrap1.7.10让步concession1.7.11偏离许可deviation permit1.7.12放行release1.8与文件有关的词汇(V ocabularies about document1.8.1信息information1.8.2文件document1.8.3规范specification1.8.4质量手册quality manual1.8.5质量计划quality plan1.8.6记录record1.9与检验有关的词汇(V ocabularies about checking 1.9.1客观证据objective evidence1.9.2检验inspection1.9.3试验test1.9.4验证verification1.9.5确认validation1.9.6鉴定过程qualification process1.9.7评审review1.10与审核有关的词汇(V ocabularies about audit 1.10.1审核audit1.10.2审核方案audit programme1.10.3审核准则audit criteria1.10.4审核证据audit evidence1.10.5审核发现audit findings1.10.6审核结论audit conclusions1.10.7审核委托方audit client1.10.8受审核方auditee1.10.9审核员auditor1.10.10审核组audit team1.10.11技术专家technical expert1.11与SPC有关的词汇(V ocabularies about SPC1.11.1统计过程控制(SPC Statistical Process Control1.11.2计数型数据attributes data1.11.3均值average1.11.4二项分布Binomial Distribution1.11.5因果图Cause-Effect Diagram1.11.6中心线Central Line1.11.7普通原因Common Cause1.11.8连续的consecutive1.11.9质量和生产率持续改进Continual Improvement in Quality and Productivity 1.11.10控制control1.11.11控制限Control Limit1.11.12分布distribution1.11.13单值individual1.11.14位置location1.11.15中位数median1.11.16移动极差Moving Range1.11.17正态分布Normal Distribution1.11.18可操作的定义operational definition1.11.19排列图Pareto Chart1.11.20泊松分布Poisson Distribution1.11.21预防prevention1.11.22解决问题Problem-Solving1.11.23过程均值Process A verage1.11.24过程能力Process Capability 1.11.25过程控制Process Control1.11.26过程性能Process Performance 1.11.27随机性Randomness1.11.28随机抽样Random Sampling1.11.29极差Range1.11.30合理子组Rational Subgroup 1.11.31链Run1.11.32链图Run Chart1.11.33样本Sample1.11.34特殊原因Special Cause1.11.35规范specification1.11.36稳定性stability1.11.37稳定过程Stable Process1.11.38标准差Standard Deviation 1.11.39统计控制Statistical Control 1.11.40子组subgroup1.11.41I 类错误Type I Error1.11.42II 类错误Type II Error1.11.43变差variation1.11.44区域分析Zone Analysis1.12与APQP有关的词汇(V ocabularies about APQP1.12.1 分配 Apportionment 1.12.2 材料清单(BOM Bill ofMaterial 1.12.3 特性矩阵图 Characteristics Matrix 1.12.4 设计失效模式与后果分析 Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis(DFMEA)1.12.5 可制造性和装配设计 Design for Manufacturability and Assembly 1.12.6 设计信息检查表 Design Information Checklist 1.12.7 设计评审 Design Reviews 1.12.8 设计确认 Design Validation 1.12.9 设计验证 Design Verification 1.12.10 耐久性 Durability 1.12.11 可行性 Feasibility 1.12.12 失效模式分析 Failure Modes Analysis (FMA) 1.12.13 改善 Kaizen 1.12.14 维修性 Maintainability 1.12.15 包装 Packaging 1.12.16 初始材料清单 Preliminary Bill of Material 1.12.17 初始过程流程图 Preliminary Process Flow Chart 1.12.18 过程失效模式与后果分析 Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (PFMEA) 1.12.19 产品保证计划 Product Assurance Plan 1.12.20 产品保证计划 Product Assurance Plan 1.12.21 质量策划认定 Quality Planning Sign-Off 1.12.22 仿真 Simulation 1.12.23 可靠性Reliability 1.12.24 可靠性分配 Reliability Apportionment 1.12.25 同步工程 Simultaneous Engineering 1.12.26 特殊特性 Special Characteristics 1.12.27 子系统 subsystem 1.12.28 系统 system1.12.29 小组可行性承诺 Team Feasibility Commitment 1.12.30 进度计划 Timing Plan 1.12.31 价值工程/价值分析 Value Engineering/Value Analysis 1.12.32 顾客的呼声(VOC Voice of the Customer 1.12.33 过程的呼声 Voice of the Process 1.13 与 PPAP 有关的词汇(Vocabularies about PPAP)1.13.1 认可的实验室 accredited laboratory 1.13.2 在用零件active part 1.13.3 同意 agreement 1.13.4 外观项目 appearance item 1.13.5 批准 approved 1.13.6 批准的图样 approved drawing 1.13.7 批准的材料 approved materials 1.13.8 批准的货源清单 approved source list 1.13.9 计数型数据 attributes data 1.13.10 散装材料 bulk material 1.13.11 散装材料要求检查表 bulk material requirements checklist 1.13.12 校准 calibration 1.13.13 控制计划 control plan 1.13.14 关键特性 critical characteristic 1.13.15 顾客产品批准部门customer product approval activity 1.13.16 设计预期的稳健范围design intend robust range 1.13.17 设计记录 design record 1.13.18 环境 environment 1.13.19 失效模式和后果分析(Failure Mode and Effects Analysis)(FMEA)) 1.13.20 完全批准 full approval1.13.21 初始过程研究 initial process study 1.13.22 首次样品initial sample 1.13.23 临时批准 interim approval 1.13.24 主要控制特性 key control characteristics(KCCs) 1.13.25 主要设计特性 key design characteristics 1.13.26 主要过程特性 key process characteristics 1.13.27 主要产品特性 key process characteristics (KPC)) 1.13.28 实验室范围 laboratory scope 1.13.29 标记过的图样 marked print 1.13.30 测量系统分析研究 Measurement System Analysis Studies 1.13.31 零件提交保证书 Part Submission Warrant 1.13.32 易损工装 perishable tools 1.13.33 过程 process 1.13.34 过程流程图 process flow diagram 1.13.35 生产环境 production environment1.13.36 生产材料 production material 1.13.37 生产件 production part 1.13.38 生产件批准提交 Production Part Approval Submission 1.13.39 质量策划 quality planning 1.13.40 常规生产工装 regular production tooling 1.13.41 拒收 rejected 1.13.42 外部场所 remote location 1.13.43 重复性和再现性 repeatability andreproducibility( R&R)) 1.13.44 可销售产品 saleable product1.13.45 自我认证供方 self-certifying suppler 1.13.46 重要的生产过程 significant production run 1.13.47 现场 site 1.13.48 稳定过程stable processes 1.13.49 供方 suppliers 1.13.50 提交等级submission level 1.13.51 工具 tool 1.13.52 工装维修 tooling maintenance 1.13.53 工装重新整修 tooling refurbishment 1.13.54 确认 validation 1.13.55 验证 verification 1.13.56 保证书 warrant1.14 与 FMEA 有关的词汇(Vocabularies about FMEA) 1.14.1 设计意图Design Intent 1.14.2 设计寿命 Design Life 1.14.3 实验设计(DOE)Design of Experiment 1.14.4 防错 Error/Mistake Proofing 1.14.5 过程更改 Process change 1.14.6 质量功能展开(QFD) Quality Function Deployment 1.14.7 根本原因 Root Cause 1.14.8 过程特殊特性 Special Process Characteristic 1.14.9 车辆召回 Vehicle Campaign 1.15 其他使用的词汇(Other Vocabularies used)1.15.1 合格质量水平(AQL acceptable quality level 1.15.2 验收检验规范(ATP acceptable testing procedure 1.15.3 准确度,准确性accuracy 1.15.4 方差分析(ANOVA)Analysis of Variance 1.15.5 偏倚bias 1.15.6 黑带(BB)Black Belt 1.15.7 绿带(GB)Green Belt1.15.8 流程图 flow chart/diagram 1.15.9 每百万分之(PPM Problems Per Million 1.15.10 整车出库车辆故障信息统计(WDI Warehouse Delivery Inspection 1.15.11 售前车辆检查(PDI Pre Delivery Inspection 1.15.12 新车质量调查(IQS Initial Quality Survey 1.15.13 车辆长期可靠性调查(VDS Vehicle Dependability Survey 1.15.14 每百辆车故障数(PP100) Problems Per 100 Vehicles 1.15.15 国际标准化组织(ISO)International Standardization for Organization 1.15.16 PDCA Plan-Do-Check-Action 1.15.17 全面质量管理(TQM)Total Quality Management 1.15.18 制造作业规范(SOP) Standard Operation Procedure 1.15.19 制程检验标准程序(SIP) Standard InspectionProcedure 1.15.20 包装规范(PS) Package Specification 1.15.21 批号(L/N) Lot Number 1.15.22 制程不良 poor processing 1.15.23 来件不良 poor incoming part 1.15.24 5W1H:When, Where, Who, What, Why, How 1.15.25 5M1E: Man, Machine, Material, Method, Measurement,Environment11 / 11。

精益生产之TPS生产方式

精益生产之TPS生产方式

One Touch Set-Up
SMED
Commonization
Small Box
One-PieceAt-A-Time
Standardized Work Chart
Standardized Work Combination Table
Standardized Production Capacity Sheet
Tool for Improvement
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System 〔Management〕
工厂
我们目前在哪里?
等级 1
方案安排
TPS 执行
等级2
拉动 & 填充
等级3
按订单生产 1
看板
等级4
等级5
按订单生产 2
每小时生产面板的管理
质量〔 自动化 〕
5 S, WPO 〔工作场 的整理〕
一件流 拉平的生产
机器设备
1
丰田生产方式〔TPS〕的定义
此生产方式是丰田开发的,通过整个系统彻底消除浪费,目的就是在生产制造流程中构 建高质量,最终追求最适宜的最简化的业务方式,同时一致认同成本降低的各种原则。 它本身也包含有一些必要的技术以便到达上述目标。支持丰田生产方式〔TPS〕的两个
主要的子系统就是“即时生产 〞〔 Just-In-Time 〕和自働化〔 Jidoka 〕
不均衡
策益咨询
例子: 标准化的流程, 标准化的管理角色及其
实践, 标准化的保养维修实践
5
生产管理的矩阵
新工程开发 生产 质量 成本 交货 安全 士气
金钱

机器
物料
生产率 = 输出/ 输入
技巧的水 平
教育与 培训
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Step
1
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Best Time
Observations (changeover time)
Complete Cycle Time
Cycle Time / Time Bar Time Bar Cycle Time/ TaktTaktChart (Blank Chart) Chart
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☛If equipment seems to lack in ☛If equipment seems to lack in capacity, use Capacity Sheet to capacity, use Capacity Sheet to define problems. define problems. ☛Fill out Standardized Work ☛Fill out Standardized Work Combination Sheet with best Combination Sheet with best times. times.
☛Try out ideas for kaizen ☛Try out ideas for kaizen immediately, verify results. immediately, verify results. ☛Prepare Kaizen Proposal Sheets ☛Prepare Kaizen Proposal Sheets for effective kaizen ideas. for effective kaizen ideas.
NOTE Update times when improvements are achieved through kaizen, and detail reasons for improvement in “Remarks” column.
KAIZEN PROPOSAL SHEET
Location Objective
Scope of Operation FROM: TO:
STANDARDIZED WORK SHEET
DATE: _____/____/____ Approvals:
NOTE: Takt Time, Work Sequence (same as numbers in “Step” column on Combination Sheet), and numbers of Standard Work in Process must be known to define Standardized Work. Identify all safety concerns, points where quality must be verified (go/no-go) and numbers of pieces of standard work in process using the symbols to the right.
☛Note long times on Combination ☛Note long times on Combination Sheet, there are opportunities for Sheet, there are opportunities for Kaizen. Kaizen. ☛Continue to observe site, note ☛Continue to observe site, note problems on Kaizen Newspaper problems on Kaizen Newspaper
TARGET PROGRESS REPORT
Department / Section / Site Date: ___/____/____/____/__________ Takt Time: _______________________
CATEGORY SPACE (sq. ft.) INVENTORY WALKING DISTANCE MATERIAL TRAVEL DISTANCE LEAD TIME (sec.) CYCLE TIME (sec.) OUTPUT (units / day) CREW SIZE PRODUCTIVITY CHANGEOVER TIME (sec.)
Part No. Part Name
Line Max Output per Day Tools Pieces/Run Change Time Time/Piece Capacity pieces
pieces
Auto Run Time Completion Time
Remarks
Subtotal Total
Quota / Shift: ____________ Takt Time: ______________ sec.
55 60 65 70 75 80
WALKING:
Step
Description
Man Auto Walk
85
90
1
Waiting
Totals
Page ____ of ____ New / Revised as of (date): ___/___/___
CURRENT
TARGET
DAY 1
DAY 2
DAY 3
DAY 4
FINAL RESULT
% CHANGE
REMARKS:
Process: __________________________ Part # ____________________________ Part Name: ________________________
☛Observe site. ☛Observe site. ☛Identify Process. ☛Identify Process. ☛Prepare Standardized ☛Prepare Standardized Work Sheet Work Sheet
☛Pair up 2 for each process. ☛Pair up 2 for each process. ☛One times w/ stopwatch, other jots ☛One times w/ stopwatch, other jots down times. down times. ☛Find best times. ☛Find best times. ☛Verify if Cycle Time meets Takt ☛Verify if Cycle Time meets Takt Time. Time.
Authorizations: Current Output Per Day Workers Needed
Times: Manual Automatic Walking
CAPACITY SHEET
Step Description Machine ID Walking Time Base Times Manual Time
Using the Basic Using the Basic Kaizen Tools Kaizen Tools
1 1 2 3 2 3
☛Calculate Takt Time. ☛Calculate Takt Time. ☛Identify problems. ☛Identify problems. ☛Set targets and enter on Target ☛Set targets and enter on Target Progress Report Progress Report ☛Plan & initiate Kaizen Workshop. ☛Plan & initiate Kaizen Workshop.
1/
TIME OBSERVATION SHEET
Line / Process: __________________________________________________
Page _____ of _____
Date / Time: ___/____/____/_________________:________ Observed by: _____________________________________
MANUAL: AUTO:
STANON SHEET
Time 5 10 15 20 25
Date: ______/______/_______ Section: __________________
TIME (unit: 1 sec.) 30 35 40 45 50
Date Operator
Before
After
Problem
Effects (cycle time / inventory / changeover time reduction,poka yoke etc.)
KAIZEN NEWSPAPER
TEAM: __________________________________
BASIC KAIZEN BASIC KAIZEN TOOLS TOOLS
1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4. 5. 5. 6. 6. 7. 7. 8. 8. 9. 9. TARGET PROGRESS REPORT TARGET PROGRESS REPORT STANDARDIZED WORK SHEET STANDARDIZED WORK SHEET TIME OBSERVATION SHEET TIME OBSERVATION SHEET CYCLE TIME //TAKT TIME BAR CHART CYCLE TIME TAKT TIME BAR CHART YAMAZUMI (STACK) CHART YAMAZUMI (STACK) CHART STANDARDIZED WORK COMBINATION SHEET STANDARDIZED WORK COMBINATION SHEET CAPACITY SHEET CAPACITY SHEET KAIZEN PROPOSAL SHEET KAIZEN PROPOSAL SHEET KAIZEN NEWSPAPER KAIZEN NEWSPAPER
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