2012年职称英语考试(卫C级)复习资料

阅读理解Attitudes to AIDS Now（对待艾滋病的最新态度）----------2011年Most people say that the USA is making progress in fighting AIDS, but they don't know there's no cure and strongly disagree that "the AIDS epidemic is over," a new survey finds.The findings, released Thursday by the Kaiser Family Foundation, reassure activists who have worried that public concern about AIDS might disappear in light of recent news about advances in treatment and declines in deaths."While people are very optimistic about the advances, they're still realistic about the fact that there is no cure" says Sophia Chang, director of HIV programs at the foundation.The Kaiser survey, like a recent USA TODAY Gallup Poll, does find that the number of people ranking AIDS as the country's top health problem has fallen. In the Kaiser poll, 38% say it's the top concern, down from 44% in a 1996 poll; in the Gallup Poll, 29% say AIDS in No.1, down from 41% in 1992 and 67% in 1987.Other findings from Kaiser, which polled more than 1,200 adults in September and October and asked additional questions of another 1,000 adults in November:52% say the country is making progress against AIDS, up from 32% in 1995.51% say the government spends too little on AIDS.86% correctly say AIDS drugs can now lengthen lives; an equal number correctly say that the drugs are not cures.67% incorrectly say that AIDS deaths increased or stayed the same in the past year; 24% know deaths fell.Daniel Zingale, director of AIDS Action Council, says, "I'm encouraged that the American people are getting the message that the AIDS epidemic isn't over. I hope the decision-makers in Washington are getting the same message… We have seen signs of complacency.1. What do activists worry about?A) Recent news about AIDS is not true.B) People may stop worrying about AIDS.C) Deaths caused by AIDS may not decline.D) Advances in AIDS treatment are too slow.2. According to the passage, people's attitude toward the cure of AIDS isA) optimistic.B) realistic.C) pessimistic.D) hopeless.3. The Gallup Poll shows that the number of peopleA) who suffer from the worst disease--- AIDS has fallen.B) who think AIDS threatens the countryside has fallen.C) who worry about AIDS and health problems has fallen.D) who think AIDS is the country's top health killer has fallen.4. According to the Kaiser Poll, which of the following is NOT correct?A) The country is making progress against AIDS.B) AIDS drugs still cannot save people's lives.C) AIDS drugs can now make people live longer.D) More and more people die of AIDS now.5. The work "massage" in the last paragraph meansA) printed new.B) contact.C) meaning.D) central idea.Key: BBDDD对待艾滋病的最新态度大多数人认为美国在抗击艾滋病方面取得了进步，但他们不知道一个新的调查表明：人们认为艾滋病不能被治愈，而且强烈反对“艾滋病已经流行过去了”的说法。

这个由恺撒家庭基金会公布的发现使那些积极参与抗艾滋病活动的人打消了疑虑。

在这之前，他们担心有关医疗技术进步和死亡率降低的报道会使公众不再关注艾滋病问题。

基金会HIV计划的负责人Sophia Chang说：“人们为医疗技术的发展感到乐观的同时，也该意识到艾滋病无法治愈这一事实。

”恺撒调查就像一个最新的“今日美国”民意测验，它显示出把艾滋病当作全国首要的健康问题的人数已经下降。

在恺撒民意测验中，38%的人认为它是人们最关注的问题，低于1996年调查中的44%；29%的人认为艾滋病是头号令人头疼的疾病，低于1992年的41%和1987年的67%。

恺撒调查还有其他的发现，在9月和10月对1，200个成年人的民意测验和11月份对1，000个成年人的民意测验得出的结论如下：52%的人认为国家在抗艾滋病方面取得了进展，高于1995年的32%。

51%的人认为政府在艾滋病研究方面的投资太少。

86%的人认为现在治疗艾滋病的药物可以延长生命；同样多的人认为这些药物不能治愈艾滋病；这都是正确的。

67%的人错误地认为在过去的一年里艾滋病死亡人数有所增长或保持不变；24%的人知道艾滋病死亡人数减少了。

艾滋病行动委员会负责人Daniel Zingale说：“美国人民正逐渐认识到艾滋病灾难并未结束，对此我深受鼓舞。

我希望华盛顿的决策者也同样认识到这一点……我们已经看到了自满的表现。

”Eat Healthy（健康饮食）----------2012年"Clean your plate!" and "Be a member of the clean-plate -club!" Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often，it's accompanied by an appeal:" Just think about those starving orphans in Africa!" Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying "clean the plate", perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies. A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand.Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently，some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believe restaurants serve portions that are too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller.It's not that working class Americans don't want to eat healthy. It's just that，after long hours at low-paying jobs，getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck ，happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents.1. Parents in the United States tend to ask their childrenA to save food.B to wash the dishes.C not to waste food.D not to eat too much2. Why do American restaurants serve large portions?A Because Americans associate quantity with value.B Because Americans have big bellies.C Because Americans are good eaters.D Because Americans are greedy.3. What happened in the 1970s?A The US government recommended the amount of food a restaurant gave to a customer.B Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.C The United States produced more grain than needed.D The American waistline started to expand.4. What does the survey indicate?A Many poor Americans want large portions.B Twenty percent Americans want smaller portions.C Fifty seven percent Americans earn $150 ,000 per year.D Twenty three percent Americans earn less than $25,000 per year.5. Which of the following is Not true of working class Americans?A They work long hours.B They live from paycheck to paycheck.C They don't want to be healthy eaters.D They want to save money for their childrenKey: CADAC健康饮食“把盘子里的东西吃完了!”“要成为一名清盘俱乐部的成员!”几乎每一个美国小孩都会听到父母亲或祖父母这样的唠叨。