泛读期末复习
泛读期末词汇复习
RIP VAN WINKLE 11. They are regarded by all the good wives, far and near, as perfect barometers.(7) 晴雨表，气压表about their summits, which, in the last rays of the setting sun, will glow and light up like a crown of glory.(8) 风景；山峰；荣誉3. It is a little village, of great antiquity, having been founded by some of the Dutch5. He was, moreover, a kind neighbor, and an obedient hen-pecked husband.(8) 温顺的；妻管严6. A termagant wife, may, therefore, in some respects, he considered a tolerable blessing; and if so, Rip Van Winkle was thrice blessed. 暴躁的，凶悍的；可以容忍的8. Not a dog would bark at him throughout the neighborhood. (9) 吠叫；邻里aversion to all kinds ofby acre.不停地clouds.(13)16. His only alternative, to escape from the labor of the farm and the clamor of his wife, was to take gun in hand and stroll away into the woods. (13) 选择；吵闹；漫步而去17. Rip to one of the highest parts of the Kaatskilllate in the afternoon, on a green knoll, covered with mountain herbage, that crowned the brow of a precipice. 气喘吁吁的；筋疲力尽的stealing over him. (14) 理解，恐惧his eyes swam in his head, his head最终；被压倒，被征服；下垂RIP VAN WINKLE 11. The birds were bushes, and the eagle was wheeling aloft, and breasting the pure mountain breeze.(16) 跳跃；叽叽喳喳；清风悲伤；惧怕(17) 引诱荒凉的迷茫的7. Rip a precise himself, as he went up the mountain. (21)8. In the midst of his bewilderment, the man in the cocked hat demanded who he was, and what was his name? (21) 迷惑9. Rip had but one question more to ask; but he put it with a faltering voice. (22) 结结巴巴的，踌躇颤抖的10. He was a descendant of the historian of that name, who wrote one of the earliest11. He had got his neck out of the yoke of matrimony. (23) 牛轭，束缚；婚姻12. The old Dutch inhabitants, however, almost universally gave it full credit. (24) 居民；完全相信HAMLET1.not fail to arise in the minds of some, that he had privately2.what mostly troubled him was an uncertainty about of his father‟sdeath. 方式3.reached the ear of young Hamlet, that an鬼4.all that he had ever learned should be instantly forgotten by him, and nothing live in his brain but the memory of what the ghost had told him, and enjoined him to do. 严肃的决定；立即；恳求5.At the representation of this play, the king, who did not know the trap which waslaid for him, was present, with his queen and the whole court. 陷阱；出席的6.She, affrighted at his earnest manner, and fearful lest in his lunacy he should doher a mischief, cried out; 被吓到；神经错乱7.the ship was attacked by pirates, and acourse of which Hamlet, desirous to show his valour, with sword in hand singly‟s vessel; 开始；在……过程；登上（船）8.with 9.10.of Hamlet, he died, with his last words accusing the king of being the contriver of the mischief. 涂上毒液；谋划者A MIDSUMMER NIGHT’S DREAM1.[…] this law was seldom or though perhaps the youngladies of that city were not by their parents with the terrors of it. 执行；威胁2.Theseus, though a great and merciful prince, had no power to alter the laws of his仁慈；改变3.4.Puck […5.Puck, who6.object Lysander when he opened his eyes; and sopowerful was all his love for Hermia and Lysander fell in love with Helena. 看见；消失7.‟8.Then wink at each other, and hold the sweet jest up. If you had any pity, grace, or使眼色；对待9.“and I will wind you in my arms. O, how I love you!”10.11.12.dreaming, and that all these adventures were visions which they saw in their sleep.被冒犯；不可信的，不可思议的；景象GENESIS 11. 充满living creatures, …”2. 牲畜，家畜God made the wild to their kinds,3. 记录 This is the account of the heavens and the earth when they were created.4. 狡诈 Now the serpent was more crafty than any of the wild animals the LORD God had made.5. 阴沉，不悦 So Cain was very angry, and his face was downcast.6. 正义的，正直的，有操行的Noah was among the people of his time, …7. 灭亡契约方舟 Everything on earth will perish. But I will make a covenant with8. 祭坛Then Noah to the LORD and, taking some of all the clean10. 不孕的 Now Sarai was barren; she had no children.11. 饥荒 Now there was a famine in the land, and Abram went down to Egypt to live there…12. 使遭受（损伤、痛苦等）；给予（打击等）But the serious diseases on Pharaoh…13. 怀孕 He slept with Hagar, and she conceived.Every male among you shall be15. 外邦人“This fellow (Lot) came here as an alien,16. 保证，承诺 So Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law, who were pledged to marry his daughter.17. 大灾难倾覆the cities where Lot had lived.GENESIS 2(Abimelech) have done it withIsaac,Then Laban said to him, “You (Jacob) are my ownyou have withGENESIS 3/THE UNTOLD LIE1.man and had awife who had also2.3.and at the…...4.5.Hal was the worst of the lot and always up to some devilment似的行径.6.With the money he bought himself a suit of cheap,clothes.7.8.9.10.yellows and reds11.His marriage had through one of his days of12.‟s shop to go with13.14.“15.“……16.17.……18.Along the paths to his own houselooking at the ground and thinking.what was wrong.19.Then as he ran he remembered his children and in fancy felt their hands clutchingat抓住 him.20.Ray Pearson lost his nerve失去勇气；不知所措 and this is really the end of thestory of what happened to him.THE DOLL’S HOUSE1.…and there it stayed, on two wooden boxes2.3.4.…5.the lamp.6.7.to tell everybody, to describe,8.house.9.their hats10.to walk away11.12.13.Why Mrs. Kelvey made them so was hard tounderstand.14.雀斑…15.‟s boots.16.—17.‟s18.Lil, as usual, gaveher silly, shamefaced19.“20.21.lady. She put out a finger herFOX 11.They seemed to be losing ground, somehow, losing hope as the months went by.(6)经营失利2.She was spellbound—she knew he knew her.(7) 入迷，着魔3.She did not so much think of him: she was possessed by him.(8) 为……所迷4.She saw his dark, shrewd, unabashed eye looking into her, knowing her. (8) 精明的5.She examined her gun, and cleaned it, musing abstractedly by the lamplight. (8)心不在焉地6.And she proceeded to forget about it, except that she was more indignant thanever at the impudence. (8) 义愤；无礼，鲁莽，放肆7.They dreaded the almost continuous darkness that enveloped them on theirdesolate little farm near the wood. (9) 包裹；荒凉的8.There heard a footstep—distinctly a footstep. Banford recoiled in fear. (10) 退缩9.Having his heavy sack on his shoulders, he stooped, thrusting his headforward.(10) 弯腰；向前伸10.Behind her, banford, clinging to sofa-arm, was shrinking away, with half-avertedhead. (11) 半转开的11. She racked her brain to think of something else to put on the tray. (12) 绞尽脑汁12. He continued to answer with courteous simplicity, grave and charming. (14) 有礼貌的，恭谦的13. At last the talked dwindled. The youth relaxed his clasp of his knees. (15) 逐渐变少14. She awoke with the pain of it, and lay trembling as if she were really seared. (17)被烤焦15. When he thought of her dark, startled, vulnerable eyes he smiled subtly to himself.(20) 易受伤的；微微地，淡淡地FOX 21.If he was she would turn around on him with her savage, sardonicridicule, and dismiss him from the farm and from her own mind forever.(21) 嘲讽的；让……离开2.Your own fate overtakes and determines the fate of the deer your are hunting. (21)压倒3.He was not quite sure how he would go on. And March was suspicious as a hare.(22) 多疑的4.徒然的5.…Oh, I can‟t,‟ she wailed helplessly, half-articulate, as if semiconscious, and as if…How can I?‟(23) 悲叹；含混地说；半清醒的6.They went in to tea. March was quite mute.vague. (24) 紧张的7.8.…Yes, I suppose so,‟(28) 简洁地9.“I‟m going to bed, Nellie, I‟” (28) 紧张兮兮，神经过敏10. At that moment Banford‟s voice was heard calling crossly fromupstairs.(30) 焦急地，焦躁地11. She looked up at him, and a deep pink color flushed over her face. (31) 脸红12. But again she flushed with an agonized flush. She, too, could swallow no more.(32) 痛苦的13. Her plaintive, fretful voice had a thread of hot anger and despair. (32) 哀伤的1. But Henry sat on, stiff with temper. He took no notice of her. She had regainedher composure and her soft, even creamy complexion. (33) 僵直的；冷静沉着14. They sat each one at the sharp corner of a triangle, in obstinate remoteness. (33)顽固倔强的15.him he‟ll just make a fool of you. He‟ll go off and leave you陷入困境16.‟s sobbing, and couldhear March‟s soft, deep, tender voice comforting, with wonderful gentleness and tenderness, the weeping woman. (35) 被闷住的17.风景；收缩，抑制18.moment there was the awful gun reverberatingbetween the old buildings, as if all the night had gone smash. (37) 反弹；粉碎，被打碎19.困惑20. She pursed her lips, and her eyes went black and vacant. Then she took the headin her hand. (38) 撅起，皱起，抿起21.‟被钉在十字架上；心神不宁的FOX 31.…Would you rather stay over here while I go first?‟ he asked.she replied. (41) 备选方案，供选择的方案2.There was again the queer, sardonic look about her; she would mock stoically ateverything he said or which life offered. (42) 讥讽的，嘲笑的3.… cried Banford indignantly.义愤填膺地，气愤地At bed-time Banford said plaintively to March.(42) 可怜地，悲伤地4.‘Why don’t you with the parcels?’She had aqueer, plaintive hitch in her voice. Then came March‟s robust and reckless.(43) 包裹；强健的；稳固的5.…Don‟t you worry yourself, to treat me cheaply. And even youaren‟t, either.‟藐视，鄙视6.7.藐视，鄙视；愤怒，狂暴8.And the signal her. It beat upon her very soul, and made herhelpless.(50)9.Since he had realized that she was a woman, and vulnerable, accessible, a certainheaviness had possessed his soul. (51)脆弱的，易受伤害的10.…Oh, you‟ve settled it, have you! Well, I hope you won‟t ‟saidBanford. (54)后悔，悔悟11.12.s outpouring: none. (57)不注意，不理会；流露13. Away across, on the green horizontal approach, a figure was just swinging on to abicycle again, and lurching up and down over the grass, approaching. (59)水平的；靠近14.craned her head to look. She alone recognized the khaki figure. Sheflushed, but said nothing.(59)伸长脖子；脸红15.‟t expecting you,‟简洁地16.…No, it‟清醒地17. There was a moment of pure, seemed tostand still. (63)悬疑，悬念18. He stood up. March was standing there petrified and absolutely motionless. (64)惊呆的，石化的THE HALF BROTHER1. …and the farm on her hands for four years more by the lease,按照租约 with halfthe stock on it dead, or sold off one by one to pay the more pressing 紧迫的debts,and with no money to purchase more, or even to buy the provisions 供应品，供给needed for the small consumption of every day.2. …his coming seemed to loosen the tears眼泪决堤，打开泪闸子, and she criedand to let him want for nothing衣食无忧, neither in the way of keep nor of education, and that she had consented同意 .4. One day, he gave way to his temper,大发脾气 and cursed and swore 咒骂at Gregory, who had got into some mischief恶作剧, as children will;5. But he was a man who liked better to be angry than sorry, so he soon found out that it was all Gre gory‟s fault, and owed him an additional grudge怨恨 for having hastened加快 my birth.6. After a time, I overcame my original weakness of constitution体质, and was just a bonny健壮的, strong-looking lad whom every passer-by noticed, when my father took me with him to the nearest town.7. and utterly unreasonable as this may seem, I believe my father rather cherished his feeling of alienation 疏远to my brother as a duty, than strove to repress压迫 it.8. but the habit of being considered in all things, and being treated as something uncommon and superior, made me insolent无礼粗鲁的 in my prosperity, and I exacted more than Gregory was always willing to grant, and then, irritated, I sometimes repeated the disparaging诽谤侮辱的 words I had heard others use with regard to him, without fully understanding their meaning.9. “I can go no farther,” I said, in a drowsy昏昏欲睡的 tone. I remember I suddenly became dogged顽固的 and resolved.10. A look passed from one to another — my father‟s stern严肃的 old face strove in vain to keep its sternness; his mouth quivered,颤抖 his eyes filled slowly with unwonted少有的 tears.11. How, on that fatal致命的night, my father — irritated by my prolonged延长的absence, and probably more anxious than he cared to show, had been fierce and imperious, even beyond his wont, to Gregory; had upbraided责备 him with his father‟s poverty, his own stupidity which made his services good for nothing一无是处.19.。
大学英语泛读第三册期末复习答案
大学英语泛读第三册期末复习答案大学英语泛读第三册期末复习答案英译中1.Leaving aside such gasbags who are after all exceptions rather thanthe rule, we still have those people who just do not know when to “leave well alone”when they are speaking or explaining something.废话连篇的人毕竟是个例，不是惯例，我们姑且不谈他们。
可是还有些人，他们说话或说明某些事情的时候，简直不知道什麽时候适可而止。
2.They are too anxious to make their point that they don’t know whento stop, and seem to think that their listeners are too dim-witted to understand even the simplest of things and everything must be drummed into their heads by repetitions.他们急于证明自己的观点，不知什麽时候该打住。
他们似乎以为听众如此低能，以至于听不懂最简单的事，每件事都要多次重复才能灌输到头脑里去。
3.Those with the gift of the gab are always popular and are welcomed anywhere, any time.They are the souls of parties and social gatherings.那些有口才的人总是讨人喜欢，随时随地受欢迎他们是聚会和社交场合的中心人物。
4.Instead of going back to him to ask for more, I thought it would bemuch simpler to foot the difference myself as I was sure he would make it up for me later.But I soon found I was sadlymistaken.我想自己掏钱补上差额再简单不过了，肯定事后他还会给我的。
英语泛读4 课后题整理目答案。期末复习材料
英语泛读4Unit 1so it is with ==the same is true with 什么也是……in the dark of +n 在...深处，在暗下，私底下（in the dark of the mind 内心深处）in the dark =in secrecy 秘密地live and timeless 栩栩如生，永不磨灭sound craftsmanship=highly trained skill 高超的，健全的，complete with =havingIn the lowest parts of the earth =in the mindconsistent practice generates skill 熟能生巧dabble in sth ==to be involved in sth对某事随意eg;dabble in stocks and shares 随意的玩股票catch a glimpse 一有就行动fill out ==fill in 增加，填空，填充far short==fail to reach the aim 失去目标（fall short of the mark 期末考考砸了）might===strength 力量eerie=mysterious 可怕的，怪异的，神秘的afoot===in operation正在进行中lucid ===clear 清楚的明白的inherent =original 固有的vagaries==unusual ideas 奇想，异常行动condone==forgive宽恕flamboyance==showy behavior艳丽炫耀evasion==avoidance逃避unit 3boom time 繁荣时期daily produce乳制品muck about/around ===spoil sth by interfering with 通过加入或破坏来改变（摆弄）wind up ==end up 收尾，结束be labeled as such 如实标记private groups 民间组织stumbled across ==find or encounter by chance 偶然发现by no means 绝不是make a hit ==popular and successful 使流行，使轰动be immune to 免疫souped-up 提高效率scrapped the product 停产demand driven 以需求为导---- driven 以为.......导向go mucking about with ==interfere with 防碍jumpy==apprehensive跳跃的，不安的winds up ==appears in the end 结束fussier==more fastidious挑剔portends ==is a warning of 预兆outlawed===banned 禁止的toxic==poisonous 有毒的prudence==discretion 审慎yield ==output 输出，出产（spinning off==forming...from parts of an existing company）离心法，分离scrapped ==removed 废料bolstered ==supported支持trigger ==cause 引发，触发at their peril==by being responsible for any consequences themselves 自己承担风险unit 5weigh up 评价=evaluatehing on 集于，集中在pocket money 零花钱sitting-duck 易受骗的eg; child are sitting-ducka string of 一系列work with ==have the effect on 对……有影响peer group同年龄组a for-profit organization 赢利性组织beneath sb不值得sales pitches 推销手法pretend play扮演游戏the punch line:the last few words of a jake or a story that is the most important 关键字，广告词put -a -sock-in ==shit up 闭嘴hyperbole=exaggeration夸张法launched==started 开始fickle ==changeable 浮躁的，易变的code==regulation 代码，管理lifted == removed 解除，删除subjects==testees 学科，测验对象sheltered==protected 受保护的doctored==changed 伪造的pathetic==unsuccessful 悲哀的pitches==presentations 报告concedes==admit 承诺consensus==agreement 一致put-a-sock-in ==stop - talking 闭嘴unit7profuse sweating 盗汗developed a rash 出疹子generalized aches 全身酸痛bouts of vomiting and diarrhea 上吐下泻disproportionate to 不成比例的，不平衡的attended sb 给.sb看病a blood-letting放血vital essence必要的生命元素the sands of time 时间流逝medical history医学史be topped off 给以让人记忆深刻的方式结束，，结束的，inductive reasoning归纳推理deductive reasoning演绎推理it is a study of the psychology of guilt.犯罪心理学note 音符be consigned to ==be put into 把……交付给celebrity==fame 名声delirious==insane非常激动，精神混乱ascribed==attributed ...to 归因于……Sinister ==evil 邪恶的sketches==depicts 描述，速写demise==death 死亡besieged==assailed被包围infectious==epidemic传染性的，prematurely==earlier than the proper time 过早的implicated==implied 牵连，涉及，eliminate==remove淘汰prompted==motivated激起，促进unit 9old riddle 古老的谜the Bronze age青铜时期weathered out 露出，风化侵蚀well-established公认的pick up借鉴mild-mannered温文尔雅的，语气温和的--proof 防... catastrophe-proof 防灾难age -sorted 按年划分black hole 空白，黑洞up to 从事preeminent ==greatest 卓越的cataclysmic==disastrous灾难性的precursor==forerunner 先驱consortium==group 联合，合伙parlance==jargon用法，行话wedded==united 团结的，结合的subversive==revolutionary破坏性的undermines==weakens侵蚀retrace==go back over追溯hangar==shed棚presided==took the chair 主持，主持会议fan out ==spread out 展开scavenge==hunt在搜寻hodgepodge==mixture 混合，使混乱synthesizes==integrates 综合intriguing==fascinating引起好奇心的subjugated==conquered 政府vassals==princes臣属tended==looked after照料unit 10in an instant 立刻，马上a host of 种种……seize upon利用crank up 加强，提高pure chance纯属巧合nailed down以很精确的数据写，精确mild winter 暖冬/ harsh winter寒冬coin flip巧合poke-holes in漏洞=to find faultthe global perspective以全球的视角develop strategies to 形成政策cultivate an interest培养兴趣shake the habit改变习惯sampling locally and extrapolating global 以点盖面rampaged==rushed about wildly and violently暴跳的weird==bizarre奇怪tallying up==calculating 结算计算catastrophe==disaster 大灾难coarse==rough粗糙的shifts==changes 转移，改变hasten==speed up 加速cautioned==warned 警告drenched==soaked 湿透的hypothesis==theory 假设a shred of ==a small amount of 一丁点poke holes ==find fault with 发现错误undermined==weakened 破坏，减少extrapolating==predicting 推断，预测unit 11waifs and strays流浪者level 一致的toward a leveling趋同一致Bible 《圣经》non-biblical非圣徒的waifs and strays ==homeless people无家可归的人be converted ==accepted a new religion 改变信仰chattels==pieces of property奴隶，财产exuberant==abundant充裕的，丰富的efface==erase 抹去nuisance==trouble 麻烦事make allowance for ==take into consideration考虑到soared ==rose rapidly 猛增，迅速上升shoved=pushed推挤construed==understood分析，解释Unit 15skill use of the symbol象征用法close off 笼罩shin like metal闪着金属光泽be bathed ...sunshine 沐浴在……样的阳光下now and then时不时的，over -eager 满含期特over -powerful有力的picture show=film 电影out-numbered 数量上的悬殊started n受惊with a started startled adj;使，惊吓eg;the news give me a started.You stand up with a started.triumphantly 洋洋洒洒的hardened with resistance 坚定带着拒绝colored smoke彩色烟雾obligation义务self-esteem 自尊shaggy ==unkempt破旧的，蓬乱的stalks ==stems茎sedately==quietly安详的，镇静的，asperity==bitterness粗糙的，粗鲁的，whining==complainingbattered==damaged by wear磨损husky==hoarse声音沙哑的，primly==prudishly呆滞rigidity==stiffness硬度，刚硬soggy==soaked浸水，透湿。
英语泛读期末试卷
课程英语泛读考试形式闭卷90分钟考试日期_______________ 阅卷教师_______________ 得分_______________班级_______________ 姓名________________ 学号_______________Part One Vocabulary (20 points)For each underlined word, choose the best meaning below and put the answers on the answer sheet.I. hated the big formal dances and felt very awkward..A. pleasant B .happy. D. boring2. Let’s go to the movies tonight.A. moveB. t5he filmC. movementD. exhibition3. Housekeeping involves cooking, washing dishes, sweeping and cleaning.A. tiesB. includesC. containsD. lists4. The first symptom of a cold is often a sore throat.A. signB. symbolC. ideaD. disease5. The plane crashed shortly after take-off.A. speeded upB. slowed downC. had an accident and broke in piecesD. had an accident and changed its direction6. The whole building was in flames.A. in confusionB. on fireC. in struggleD. under control7. Making mistakes is inevitable, so do not be discouraged.A. cannot be blamedB. cannot be avoidedC. cannot last longD. cannot be found8. The police came to my help instantly.A. immediatelyB. closelyC. happilyD. kindlyhouse was filled with the aroma of coffee.A. tasteB. colorC. smellD. lengthof the competition are available from our head office.A. able to be discussedB. able to be obtainedC. able to be questionedD. able to be askedpeople deserve recognition for their talentsA. are proud ofB. are worthy ofC. are in need ofD. are in favor of12. It was not surprising that she turned out to be the champion in the competition because she was the best player.A. winnerB. loserC. challengerD. player13. The earthquake occurred at midnight; a lot of people died when they were asleep.A. endedB. spreadC. happenedD. made14. You must do physical exercises everyday if you want to keep fit.A. suitableB. qualifiedC. healthyD. informed15. Please concentrate on your own test paper. Don’t look around.A. focus attention onB. start workingC. finish working onD. avoid doing16. She interpreted his silence as anger.A. translatedB. understood the meaning ofC. strongly believedD. showed17. Will the strike affect the price of coalA. raiseB. lowerC. influenceD. increase18. I spoke to him about it on numerous occasions.A. differentB. fewC. manyD. some19 He .worked so hard that eventually ha made himself illA. at the beginningB. in the middleC. in the endD. during the time.this your permanent address , or are you only staying there for a short timeA. lasting for a few monthsB. lasting for everC. lasting for a few yearsD. lasting for only one dayPart Two (10 points)Fill in each of the blanks with the given word in its proper form and put the answers on the answer sheet.1. The __________ was drunk .He was stopped by the police when he was spreading ( drive)2. He smiled in _________ . He was very pleased with what he had done.( satisfy)3. The works of this famous _________ are now exhibited in leading European and American galleries.( painting)4. You will be able to overcome the difficulties if you do not lose ___________ in yourself.( confident)5 .Now more and more people are realizing the__________ of clean air.(important)6. I was so _________ at the sight of a snake crawling in the grass near my feet.( frighten)7. I want my children to be brought up in a ___________ world. (peace)8. Though they are old classmates and close friends , they often had _________ ( agree).9. I love this movie because the __________ is my favourite. ( action)_________ was awarded by the government for his useful inventions. ( invention)Part Three Reading Skill (10 points)With the help of the context clues, write down the definition of the italicized word or phrases in the space provided and put the answers on the answer sheet.1.Put it in a prominent, or noticeable, place in your room, or carry it with you.2.This revision should be cumulative----- adding a bit to the total at a time, covering briefly all thework done so far in the term.3.When the student meets another miserable person from the same country , he will pour out hisunhappy feelings. Together they can complain in their native language.4.The symptoms range from being ill at ease to being seriously depressed. Feeling homesick, unhappy,and very sensitive are other signs of culture shock.5.When he made Mickey Mouse talk on the movie screen, audiences ---- people who saw the movie---- were delighted.6.Research says that California ‘s population will expand by 500,000 people a year, and two thirds ofthis increase will be Hispanics and Asians.7.By 1980, American industries were in trouble. The United States’ gross national product (GNP), thetotal of goods and services produced, had fallen from first in the world to seven.8.They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliments because they believe they are unworthy ofpraise.9.Some people start to say something while looking right at you, but, three words into the sentence,they break eye contact and look out the window.10.The Iroquois Indians , who were an extremely large tribe with many branches and sub-branches( called “nations”), had developed a highly sophisticated system of government to keep the various branches of the tribe from fighting one another.Part Four Cloze (10 points)Fill in each of the blanks with a given word below and put the answers on the answer sheet.survive developed knife u nknown lived desert thrown determined food machinesThe Australian Aborigines came to the continent at least 30,000 years ago. Down the centuries they a way of life that enabled them to ____2____in all kinds of environments on the continent, including coast, forest and plain, and even in the hot ____3_____ lands where there are no permanent surface waters.Much of their everyday life was spent in gathering____4___ , such as roots, fruit and berries and hunting animals of all kinds, including the large kangaroo,turtles and crocodiles. Their wanderings about their own territory were _____5_____ by the seasonal, supply of food and water.Their main weapons and implements were the spear, spear-thrower, ,digging stick, club, boomerang, shield , stone ax and ______6_____ .The returning boomerang , a curved club which can be thrown sothat its flight will bring it back near the place whence it was thrown, was made only in the east and west and was_____7____ to Aborigines in the center and the north. It was mainly a plaything, although it was sometimes ___8____ into flocks of birds.Part Five Reading Passages (40 points)Passage l.There are three theories about why people are shy .One theory says that a person inherits shyness from the parents . Another theory is that shy people never learned how to act with other people because no one ever taught them social skills. The third theory says that shy people learned to be shy when they were children because their parents didn’t encourage them to be more confident . The parents probably comforted them and gave them extra attention when they acted shy, so the children learned that being shy was a good way to get extra love and attention.. Now researchers say that apparently all three theories are true.Can shy people change their behavior Sometimes they can force themselves to do things that are different .”Practice makes perfect..”If they practice enough, the difficult situations become easier. However , it takes a lot of courage to do this.People who have more self-confidence can notice when people are shy and encourage them to talk and praise them when they are successful in their job or studies.Shy people feel miserable much of the time. Others can help them feel more comfortable.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false.____ 1. One theory says that people are shy because nobody taught them social skills.____2. It takes a little effort for shy people to change their behavior.____3. Shy people need praise and encouragement .____4. Shy people feel comfortable much of the time.Passage TwoIntercultural communication is communication between members of different cultures . This definition is simple, but the process is complex . Intercultural communication involves different beliefs , attitudes, and . We know that .even two people from the same culture can have communication problems . People can unconsciously hurt each other by something they say or do. Isn’t logical that we will have more communication problems among people who do not share the same language andcultureCultures do not communicate; individuals do . When cultural conflicts do arise, they may appear as personal rather than cultural. Cultural misunderstanding can create negative feelings and confusion.5. Intercultural communication is ___________ communication among people of the same culture.A.as easy asB.as difficult asC.more difficult thanD.easier than6.When we speak of intercultural communication, we mean that___________.A. two cultures communicate with each otherB. people from different cultures communicate with each otherC. intercultural communication is confusingD. cultural conflicts usually do not arisePassage ThreeArabs consider it extremely bad manners to start talking business immediately . Even the busiest government official or executive always takes extra time to be polite and offer refreshments. No matter how busy you are, you should make time for this hospitality.“ The conference visit” is a way of doing business throughout the Arab ... Frequently, you will have to discuss your business in the presence of strangers, who may or may not have anything to do with your business. Do not be surprised if your meeting is interrupted several times by people who come into the room unannounced, whisper, or speak softly to the person with whom you are talking, and leave. Act as though you do not hear, and never show displeasure at being interrupted.Making decision quickly is not an Arab custom. There is a vagueness in doing business in the Middle East which will puzzle a newcomer. Give yourself lots of time and ask lots of questions.Patience is an important quality. You may have to wait two or three days to see high- level government officials as they are very busy. Give yourself enough time.Personal relationships are very important. They are the key to doing business in Arab countries. 4. Try to identify the decision –maker regarding your product or service immediately and get to know him on a friendly basis. Do your homework.. Be prepared to discuss details of your product or proposal. Be ready to answer technical questions.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false.Arabs consider it good manners to start talking business immediately.The “ conference visi t” means that people discuss business in front of strangers.9.._________ Making decisions quickly is an Arab custom.Personal relationships are very important in doing business in Arab countries.Passage FourWhy do people blush Not much research has been done on it. Psychologists say that people of all skin colors blush. Women blush more than men, and young people blush more than older people. Some people blush only a few seconds, but the blush can appear and disappear for five or ten minutes in other people. Usually only the face or upper part of the body blushes.Blushing is related to general anxiety, when people feel worried and nervous about what is going to happen. Some people blush because they are always worried about what others think of them. They don’t have any confidence in themselves. They think other people are more attractive and more popular . They believe others have more knowledge . They become very uneasy if they have to deal with people from a different social background, or if they have to work with more intelligent or more skilled . Shy people get very anxious when they don’t know how to act in some situations that other people think are just ordinary. They feel inferior and want to get out of the situation.11.. Shy people blush because___________.A. they are worried about othersB. they are worried about what others think of them.C. they have special skin colors12. Shy people have a strong sense of the following except_________.A. inferiorityB. anxietyC. confidencePassage FiveIn 1968 the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, had a problem. The city's school system needed a new school building and teachers but did not have the money to pay for this multi million-dollar project.City officials solved the problem in a unique way. They decided to use the many scientific and cultural institutions in the city as the classrooms. Experts who worked in the various institutions would be the teachers. Among these institutions were such prestigious names as the Franklin Institute, with its science museum, workshops, and classes; the Free Library, containing nearly a million volumes; the Academy of Natural Sciences, Fels Planetarium, and the Rodin Museum.The experiment in education, known as the Parkway Program, began in February 1969. John Bremer, an Englishman and education innovator, planned the program and became its director.The Program has grown in size from 142 to 500 high school students and is so popular that thousands of applicants are denied places each year. The Program gives a freedom to high school education never known before. To supplement basic courses required for a diploma languages, history, science m students may choose from more than a hundred other courses. Any subject will be offered if an instructor can be found. Every group of 15 boys and girls belongs to a "tutorial group", led by a teacher and one assistant. Students in the Program say that school is no longer a place but an interesting activity.About 100 institutions in Philadelphia m public, private, commercial m help the Program. During any one week students may be found in such diverse places as a bakery, a church or the municipal gas plant. Such places merely provide space for classrooms. Other institutions such as the University of Pennsylvania or the Temple University Medical School allow the Program's own faculty to teach in their laboratories or other facilities. Other establishments provide both classroom space and instruction. One pharmaceutical-manufacturing company, for example, conducts a chemistry course.In addition to their studies, students are encouraged to take part-time jobs. "The life of the city is our curriculum," says Director Bremer. "Life and learning are all part of the same process.” Learning is excitement in this experimental program but it is not meant for every child. The student must be able to handle the freedom and self-discipline that the Program demands for academic successChoose the best answer:13... What was the problem Philadelphia had in 1968a. Its school system needed a new school building.b. More teachers were needed for its school system.c. It lacked money for its educational project.d. Both a and b.14.. The word "unique" here means______________a. "very unusual"b. "proper"c. "ordinary"d. "pretty usual"15. Who was the program plannera. A famous English innovator.b. The director of a cultural institution.c. An Englishman called John Bremer.d. Someone in charge of the city's school system.16..Every "tutorial group" consists of____________.a. a large group of children and their tutorb. 15 boys and girls, a teacher and his assistantc. 15 boys and 15 girlsd. 15 boys but no girls17.. About 100 institutions in Philadelphia______________.a. provide space for classroomsb. open such courses as are required in the Programc. allow their laboratories and other facilities to be usedd. offer their helpPassage SixIn October 1800 John Todd was born in Rutland, Vermont. Soon afterward his parents moved to Killingworth, Connecticut. When John was six, both his parents died. A kind-hearted aunt in North Killingworth agreed to take John and give him a home. He was brought up by her and lived in her home until he left to study for the ministry.His aunt took seriously iii and feared she was about to die. In great distress she wrote John Todd a letter in which she asked him to tell her what death would be like.Here is the letter he sent in reply:It is now thirty-five years since I, as a little boy of six, was left quite alone in the world. You sent me word you would give me a home and be a kind mother to me. I have never forgotten the day when Imade the long journey of ten miles to your house in North Killingworth. I can still recall my disappointment when, instead of coming for me yourself, you sent your servant James to fetch me.I well remember my tears and anxiety as, perched high on your horse and clinging tight to James, I rode off to my new home. Night fell before we finished the journey, and as it grew dark I became lonely and afraid. "Do you think she'll go to bed before we get there" I asked James anxiously. "Oh, no," he said reassuringly. "She'll stay up for you. When we get out of these woods you'll see her candle shining in the window."Presently we did ride out into the clearing, and there, sure enough, was your candle. I re member you were waiting at the door, that you put your arms close about me and that you lifted me--a tired and bewildered little boy -- down from the horse. You had a fire burning on the hearth, a hot supper waiting on the stove. After supper you took me to my new room, heard me say my prayers, and then sat beside me until I fell asleep.You probably realize why [ am recalling all this to your memory. Some day soon God will send for you, to take you to a new home. Don't fear the summons, the strange journey, or the dark messenger of death who will fetch you. God can be trusted to do as much for you as you were kind enough to do for me so many years ago. At the end of the road you will find love and a welcome waiting, and you will be safe in God's care. I shall watch you and pray for you till you are out of sight, and then wait for the day when I shall make the same journey myself and find youwaiting at the end of the road to greet me.Choose the best answer:18.. Why did John Todd's aunt ask him to go to North Killingwortha. His parents had died and he was alone.b. His parents didn't want him anymore.c. She meant him to study for the ministry.d. She was afraid that he would run away from home.19... Why was John Todd disappointed when he arrived in North Killingwortha. There was no one there to meet him.b. He didn't like the town.c. His aunt's servant had come to meet him, rather than his aunt herself.d. He didn't like his aunt.20.. Which of the following did NOT await John Todd at his new homea. A fire on the hearth.b. A hot supper.c. A hot bath.d. A new room.21.... Why do you think John Todd's aunt wrote to him thirty-five years latera. She missed having him at home with her.b. He was a doctor and could possibly cure her illness.c. She wanted him at her side when she died.d. He was a minister and was used to comforting dying people.22... Which of the following does John Todd discuss in his letter to his aunta. The summons from God.b. The strange journey.c. The dark messenger of death.d. All of the above.23.. John Todd's letter says God can be trusteda. to provide a painless deathb. to provide love and a welcome at the end of the roadc. to prevent deathd. to cure her illness24. John Todd wrote the letter in order toa. comfort his auntb. scare his auntc. feel better about his own deathd. recall his childhoodPart Six（10 points）Translate the Five underlined parts ( in paragraph 1. . 4.) into Chinese on the Answer Sheet.1.2.3.4.5.Answer SheetName__________ Class_________ Number____________Part OneTwoThreeFourFiveSix1．2.3.．4.5.。
大学英语泛读期末考试复习资料
英语泛读期末考试复习资料【权威】Unit 1 love• blaze:burn strongly and brightly; give off bright light. 燃烧，闪耀• wilted: not firm, limp 枯萎，蔫，凋谢• Collie：a middle-sized dog with long hair, kept as a pet ortrained to control sheep 牧羊犬• whistle:to make a high or musical sound by blowing air out through your lips 吹口哨• clearing:a small area in a forest where there are no trees 小块空地，林中空地• sprout:v. start to grow, producing萌芽• sick:v. to attack, to urge a dog to attack 唆使狗去攻击•The dust flew in tiny swirls behindour feet.• swirl:moves round and round quickly; a swirling movement or amount of sth.• bullblacksnake --- she-blacksnake• Bobwas jumping and snapping at the snake so as to make it strike and throwitself off guard.• snap:to bite sth. abruptly; to say sth. quickly in an angry way 猛地咬住；呵斥• offguard: to surprise someone by happening when they are not expecting sth. orprepared for it 不警惕，不备• copperhead:venomous but sluggish reddish-brown snake 铜斑蛇,美洲腹蛇•Hedoesn’t rush to do it. He takes his time and does the job well.• rush:do sth. as quickly as possible仓促完成; 迅速移动; 急促• takehis time: do sth. with no haste and self-confidently 从容进行•Iwondered why itwas crawling toward a heap of black loamy earth at the bench of thehill. I wondered why it had come from the chest-nutoak sprouts and the matted greenbriars on the cliff.• I wasconfused why the snake left the cliff where is safe and full of delicious food,and it crossed the danger road to the black earth.• loamy:fertile 肥沃的• benchof the hill: the foot/bottom of the hill• sprout:n. any new growth of a plant such as a new branch 嫩芽•我很好奇为何刚刚它正向小山边的黑壤土堆爬去。
商务英语泛读期末复习资料
商务英语泛读期末复习资料<单词部分>Workshop:讲习班Intensive:速成Profile(+about):简介Immediate boss:顶头上司Exclusive:独家Distributor：经销商Franchised:特许经营Entrepreneur:企业家Performance:业绩Consolidate:稳固Wholesaler:批发商Retailer:零售商Warehouse:仓库Quotas:配额Manufacturers:生产者，制造商Prompts:提示Receipt:收货Printer Cartridges:墨盒Jacuzzi:按摩浴缸Hair Dryer：电吹风Suite:套房Imperiod Suite：皇室套房Honey Suite：蜜月套房Suite Deluxe:高级套房Master Suite：高级套房Junior Suite :普通套房Penthouse:楼房套房Luxury:奢华Provisional:暂定Cylinder:圆珠笔Penalty(=Fine):罚款Graffiti:涂鸦Capacity:容量Voicemail:录音电话Closed Circuit Television(CCTV):闭路电视Pagers:寻呼机Smoke Detectors/Alarms:烟雾报警系统Barcode Scanners:条形码Briefing:简报Additive:添加剂Exceed:超额Crashing:死机Feasible:可行性Joint Venture:合资企业Sufficient:足够Winter Season Fashions:冬款Order Form:订单Extension Number:分机号码Flight Attendant:空姐，空少Unleaded Petrol:无铅汽油Hybrid:混合External Factors:外部因素Enternal Factors:内部因素Growth Philosophy:发展理念Innovative:新颖的Disposable:一次性的Favourable:有利的Workforce:劳动力State-Of-The-Art:最先进的<词组>A pay rise:加薪A pay cut:减薪Go Public:上市Upside down :上下颠倒Inside Down:内外颠倒Frontside Down:前后颠倒In The Coming Year:来年Solid Reputation:实实在在的荣誉Check In:办理登机手续Delicate To:专门Full Capacity:满负荷Financial Return :资金回笼Optical Cell:感应With a view to doing sth :打算做某事Logging Into:登入Logging Out/Off:登出PEST：客观环境的分析（Political Economic Social Technological）SWOT:内外部综合分析（Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat ）<职业>Chief Financial Officer (CFO):财务总监Personal Assistant(PA)：顾客咨询Sales Representative (rep):销售主管Freelancer:自由职业者Non-Profit Organization:公益组织Public Limited Company(PLC):上市股份公司Limited Company(Ltd):有限责任公司Sole Trader:个人独资Partnership:合伙人Self-Employed:个体经营Temping Job:临时工<公司业绩报告>Production Sales and Share Price 表示增长：V Increase Rise Grow Go up 程度：Moderately:温和的Steadily:稳步的Dramatically:迅猛的表示下降：V Decrease Fall Drop Decline 程度：Stightly:略微Gradually:逐步Steeply:急剧时间表示Quarter:季节，季度The First Two Quarters:前两个季度In The Third Quarter:第三个季度By The End Of The Year:年底之前For The Last Two Quarters:后两个季度For The Rest Of The Year :一年的剩余时间变化情况Level Off: 趋于··Remain Steady（+at）:保持稳定The Previous Level :以前的水平Sales Have Reached New Peak:销量又创新高Sales Started Pick Up After A Considerobe Drop:销量在大幅下降之后开始上升There was a sudden rise/increase/grow in costs of 40﹪:成本突然上涨了40﹪。
英语泛读2第三版翻译期末复习
Unit1 The Shadowland of DreamsSander打磨机Ordeal严酷考验cherish :keep fondly in mind 充满感情地怀有longing :earnest desire渴望prospect :chances of future success 前途superintendent :manager（大楼的）管理人manual :operated by hand 手工操作的siren塞壬(原指希腊神话中半人半鸟的女海妖,她以美妙歌声吸引水手并使船只触礁沉没)汽笛；诱人的，用手段引人随从自己的意见sacrifice牺牲Gobble up急切的抓住；消耗a freelance writer自由撰稿人Coast Guard 美国海岸警卫队down-home: reminiscent故乡；田园生活的stay the course持续到底Unit2 Critical Thinkingdysfunctional功能障碍的wherewithal资金herculean力大无比的egocentricity自我中心goo粘性物brittle脆弱的abdomen腹部arouse启发；〈古〉照耀inspire sb on a subject 使某人明白某问题Ascend上升；追溯/Descend：下来来源于+from起源于+on袭击+to把身份降至Unit 3 Recyclingmonotonous (mono- 单+tone调+-ous的)单调的;令人厌倦的Insignificant无意义的aid：insignificant talk废话insignificant person小人物costume 服装Scrap废料Sewage污水enrage [常用于被动式] 使人愤怒aid：be enraged at by sb's conduct因某人的行为而极为愤怒be enraged with sb.对某人勃然大怒Unit7 numbers and omensenculturation文化浸润auspicious 吉祥的ominous不吉的exclaim 惊叫antiquity古老initiation ceremony成人仪式Unit 8 Getting Enough Sleep? Dream Ondeprive剥夺lapse [læps] n. 丧失, 失效eyelid [‘ailid] n. 眼睑, 眼皮pupil [‗pju:pəl] n. 瞳孔mortgage抵押coin [kɔin] v. 创造array [ə‘rei] n. 展示biochemical [baiəu‘kemikəl] 生物化学的timepiece [‘taimpi:s] n. 时钟arousal [ə‘rauzəl] n. 觉醒fatigue [fə‘ti:ɡ] n. 疲劳precise [pri‘sais] 精确的regulate [‘reɡjuleit] vt.控制wane [wein] 减少alarming [ə‘lɑ:miŋ] 扰乱人心的vivacious [vi‗veiʃəs] 活泼的play-off n. 最后决赛strobe light n. 闪光灯go to great lengths to do sth竭尽全力Be / become cross with (对…)生气doze [dəuz] 打瞌睡doze off 打瞌睡Unit 9 Invented Wordsab-, 表示“相反，变坏，离去”等abnormal 反常的abuse 滥用bi-表示“两个，两”biweekly双周刊bilingual双语种的biannual一年两次的by-表示“在旁边，副的”byproduct副产品byroad辅路byway小道bypass旁路；忽略bywork副业co-表示“共同”，通常放在元音词根前Cooperation合作Coexist共存Coincide一致，符合，巧合Coordinate协调Correlate 关联，使相关fore-表示“前面，预先”forefather前人，祖先Forearm前臂forecast预报，预测foreshadow 预示，暗示Unit10 Nuclear Energyutility 工具；机构contaminant污染物millennia数千年algorithm演算tsunami海啸Unit 1requite =reward 报酬prospect=chances of future success 前景station=working岗位on the side=as a secondary occupation 副业;背地里well up=rise like water涌上aid: well off=rich/well built(健身)+person/well done(烤熟)+meat veteran=experienced老练的wilted=less than fresh枯萎的limelight=full daylight聚光灯，注目的中心exhilarating=delighting and exciting令人兴奋的corrode=rust腐蚀aid: rusty surface(锈蚀表面)/ rusty skill(生涩的技艺)/corrupt（灵魂的腐蚀=腐败）/salt of earth(…的精华)/worth one’s salt(称职)Unit2ethics=the study of moral issues伦理学：道德规范assess=evaluate评估overlapping=covering in part相互重叠aid：overcast(多云)/to go over board on sth(对…极端)/overcome（克服）/to take an overdoes(服药过量)/overdue(过期)+change（期待已久的改变）conceive=conceptualize设想;怀孕aid: conceive a child（从无到有，怀上一个孩子）/contend with（应付某人）/concept(概念)transcend=go beyond超越aid：transfusion(输血)/transplant[嫁接]/transvestite[异装癖] undermine=weaken逐渐削弱sanction=approve处罚；支持；批准orchestrate=coordinate使协调结合；精心安排encompass=include包括；完成intensify=increase强化aid: languid=weary无精打采的disparate=separate不同的tacit心照不宣的gaunt憔悴的aid：plump丰满的/chubby脸圆/obese肥胖legal=lawful合法的alacrity敏捷do sth with alacritybrief=short简洁的blame=censure责备incessant=ceaseless无休止的Unit3divert=sidetrack使转向aid：divert+ traffic/plane/resource/attentionstack=pile堆积aid：stack of +sthimpact=influences影响insulate=protect隔离casual=chance偶然的aid: off chance=hard机会不大demolition=destruction毁坏fad=fashion时尚discard=throw away丢弃garbage=trash垃圾viability=practicability可行性consistently=regularly有规律的hold down=restrain抑制Unit7chew out=shout out训斥take shape=come to be formed形成be held at bay=be kept away远离ascribe=attribute to归因于wary of=cautious of小心翼翼的stray from=wander away from偏离meticulous=careful小心谨慎的incline to=attract by趋向look-upon=regard注视assign=deliver分派implies=explain说明；暗示obsessed with=preoccupied with迷恋；全神贯注于homophone=a word pronounced like another word but with a different meaning or spelling同音异义词sprinkled=scattered撒…于…Unit8consequence=result结果prone to=likely to suffer易于tap=press逼迫；压perspective=view远景synchronize=cause…to occur at the same time同时发生sufficiently=adequately足够地apathetic=indifferent无动于衷的mortality=death rate死亡率impair=weaken削弱optimally=best possibly最佳的aptly=rightly适当地aid: be apt to (倾向于做)Unit9imitative=reproducing closely模仿地aid: to do an imitation of sb(模仿某人) pasteurized=purified净化astronaut=one engaged in space flight宇航员antibiotic=antibacterial抗生素linguist=those study the science of language语言学家chortle=gleeful chuckle哈哈大笑knockdown=overwhelming击倒Unit10generate=produce产生unleash=set free解开束缚equilibrium=balance平衡scaled-up=enlarged比例增大meter=measure测量dogged=ruined衰落；顽固的aid：go to the dogs 衰落liability=indebtedness亏欠saturated=wet浸透的adherent=believer拥护者repository=depository储藏室reversal=wavering逆转。
英语泛读教程3(期末复习)
英语泛读教程3（期末词组复习资料）Unit 1 The Art of Creative Thinkinge up with---(in the text) to offer / put forward (提出) Other usages:①On our way we came up with a party of hikers.(=reach as if by pursuit,赶上)②That company has come up with a new touch-screen cell phone.(=to produce)③The middle-aged peasant has come up with several new farming techniques.(=to invent )2. work on—(in the text ) to base onOther usages:①The farmers in this area often work on till sunset in autumn.(=to continue working)②This medicine will work on the affected part of the body.(=to have an effect on / influence)③She will work on him to make him change his mind.(= to strive to persuade or influence )3.conjure up----(in the text) to invent or contrive(想出)Other usages:①The witch pretended to be able to conjure up the spirits of the dead.( = to cause a spirit to appear)②The very sight of the hill conjures up memories of my childhood.(=to cause to appear as a picture in the mind)4.look upon---(in the text) to regard/considerHe lives in the room that looks upon the street.(= to face)5.s um up---(in the text) to summarizeother usages:①Every month we must sum up the costs of production.(=to give the total of…)②Six victories and two defeats summed up their record.(= to be the sum of…是…的总和)③I’ve been living with him for so many years, but I can’t sum him up at all.(= form an estimate of or a judgment on sb./ sth)Unit 2 The English Reserve and Politeness1.Break down---(in the text) to overcomeOther usages:①We are sorry to arrive late, but the car broke down.（=stop operating or functioning）②The bridge broke down in an earthquake.（=fall apart ,collapse）③Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.（=Decompose, separate (substances) into constituent elements or parts )④When she heard the news of her son's death, she broke down at once.(=lose control of one's emotions )2.live up to ---(in the text) to put into practiceOther usages:①We will live up to what our party expects of us.(=fulfil the requirements or expectations of )②You must live up to your promise.(=Carry out, fulfill)③I doubt if he can live up to his brother.(=Be as good as)Unit3 Bursting The Magic Bubble1.work out---(in the text) to try to understandOther usages:The area can easily be worked out if you knowthe length and the breadth.(计算出，arrive at by calculation)We must work out a plan as quickly as we can.(制定，拟定devise/draw up)We are working out a way to have a cheap ho- liday.(想出，think out)2.map out ---(in the text) to describe in detail.Other usages:The staff officers mapped out the area thoroughly.(在地图上标出，mark out on a map)We must map out our program step by step.(制定，安排，devise/arrange)3.in terms of ---(in the text) （from the angle of ）Other usages:In terms of natural resources it is one of the poorest countries in western Europe.(就。
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[unit 5]1.Efforts have been made to wipe out poverty in the rural (countryside) areas.2.The coastal areas are having a period of prosperity (success and wealth).3.I bought this pair of shoes five years ago, and they are so durable (long-lasting) that I’m stillwearing them now.4.The woolen clothes will shrink (become smaller) in the wash, so buy a large size when youwant them.5.Some plastics are so tough (hard) as metal.6.There is a variety of commodities (goods) on sale in the department store.7.The trend (tendency) of prices is till upwards.8.The idea of allowing the players to wear the company’s logo (symbol) my win approval. [unit 6]1.The traffic crawled (moved slowly) long at ten miles an hour.2.The fans were jubilant (filled with great joy) about the victory of their team.3.Sydney made a successful bid (offer) to host the Olympic Games in the year 2000.4.We went to Brazil for carnival (public festival) .5.On the top of the mountain, I had a feeling of exhilaration (excitement and happiness) whenI saw the breath-taking views around me.6.Lying on a sunny beach is my idea of pure bliss (perfect happiness).7.Our football team has a group of loyal (faithful) supporters. No matter whether we win orlose, they support us all the same.8.She brandished (waved) a saucepan at me, so I ran out of the kitchen.[unit 7]1.Though a simple story, it has a profound (deep) effect.2.Will the strike affect (influence) the price of coal?3.We have seen the value of our house diminish (decrease) greatly over the last six months.4.He had never had any experience, so he appeared timid (easily frightened) in the jobinterview.5.I spoke to him about it on numerous (many) occasions.6.She interpreted (understood the meaning of ) his silence as anger.7.Several villages have been isolated (seperated) by the floods.8.He worked so hard that eventually (in the end) he made himself ill.[unit 8]1.On the journey, they encountered (met) an English couple.2.Tom’s contribution (help) to our victory in his competition was very important. Without him,it would be very difficult for us to win.3.Is this your permanent(lasting forever) address, or are you only staying here for a shorttime?4.After their independence, people on this island established an autonomous (self-governing)government.5.His family can trace (find the origins of by going back) its history back to the 10th century.6.The seasons follow each other in rotation (coming around one after another).7.I was surprised at the extent (range) of his knowledge.8.We are indebted (thankful) to our neighbors for their kind help when we were in trouble.China to toughen penalties(处罚) for price violations（违反）BEIJING - The State Council, China's cabinet, said Monday it will revise（修订）penalties to further crack down on price violations in order to tackle inflation（通货膨胀）.The revised code will mainly target price manipulation（操纵）, collusion（勾结）, malicious hoarding（恶意囤积）and the spreading of false information, a statement issued after a State Council executive（行政）meeting presided over（主持）by Premier Wen Jiabao said.Revision to the Provisions on Administrative Penalties for Price Violations is necessary to crack down on price violations and to maintain normal order and market pricing, the statement said.The statement, which did not elaborate（精心制作）on the revisions, said the new code will be made public after further revision.China's CPI, the main gauge（度量）of inflation, rose to a 25-month high of 4.4 percent year on year in the 12 months through October. The hike was mainly due to a 10.1 percent surge（激增）in food prices. Food prices have a one-third weighting in the calculation of China's CPI.China has implemented a slew of measures（实施大量措施）to rein（控制）in rising commodity（商品）prices to ease economic pressures on the public, especiallylow-income groups.The measures include increasing grain supply, giving subsidies to low-income families and clamping down（取缔，施加压力）on speculation（投机）.Related readings:China to curb inflation, economic slowdownChina's commodity future prices fall on anti-inflation measuresCommodity future prices fall on anti-inflation measuresCentral bank pledges to intensify fight against inflationChina to curb（抑制）inflation, economic slowdownThe main focus of China's economic policy in the near future will be to prevent inflation and an excessive（过多的）economic slowdown, said Chen Dongqi, vice-president of the Academy of Macroeconomic Research under the National Development and Reform Commission, the 21st Century Business Herald reported Monday.Rising costs and market speculation（投机）are the two biggest factors behind China's inflationary pressures, Huang Mengfu, chairman of the All-China Federation（联盟）of Industry and Commerce, said on Nov 25.He added that inflation is an inevitable outcome of China's economic restructuring（重组）. Therefore, moderate（适当的）and controllable inflation i s good for the structural transformation of China's economy, he said."China has to keep inflation at around 4 percent," Huang said.However, whether the central government will raise its inflation-rate tolerance（公差）remains unknown. The most discussed issue among the policy-makers is how to strengthen the management of inflation, the newspaper reported, citing（引用）a policy-making consultant（顾问）at the government's think tank（智囊团）.In addition, China will readjust（重新调整）the proportions of related data when calculating the consumer price index next year. The proportion of expenses on housing, education, medical treatment and communications will be increased, while the proportion of food product expenses will goes down, the report said.Meanwhile, economists said they believe that it's time to address concerns about the loose monetary policy（宽松的货币政策）in effect in China for about two years. On Nov 23, Hu Xiaolian, vice-president of People's Bank of China, said the central bank will guide the monetary credit back to normal levels. Hu did not elaborate on（详细说明）what amount is considered a "normal level".Xia Bin at the central bank's monetary-policy committee said it will be good for stable economic development and help lessen liquidity if the government limits credit growth to around 15 percent in 2011.Related readings:Inflation spike puts a hole in pocketInflation is inevitableChina's commodity future prices fall on anti-inflation measuresEconomist: Inflation worry exaggerated in ChinaCampaign（活动）to target HIV/AIDS risk groupsBy Shan Juan (China Daily)Updated: 2010-11-30 07:3490% to be included in intervention as 44,000 infections reported this yearBEIJING - An intervention program（干预计划）will be expanded to include at least 90 percent of groups considered at high risk of contracting HIV/AIDS by 2015, in a move to reverse（逆转）the spread of the virus, a leading health official said.Currently, less than 40 percent of such groups, including men having sex with men (MSM) and sex workers, have ever been reached for HIV/AIDS intervention, Hao Yang, deputy director of the disease prevention and control bureau of the Ministry of Health, told China Daily."The disease is striking these groups particularly hard with infections rising sharply, though the government has checked the trend of fast-rising HIV infections," he said ahead of World AIDS Day, which falls on Wednesday.By the end of October, China detected（检测）roughly 44,000 new HIV infections this year, with nearly 13 percent infected through gay sex, the latest ministry statistics（统计）showed.Reported AIDS-related deaths reached 68,000, up nearly 20,000 year-on-year.The latest intervention target is set in China's next Five-Year Action Plan to ControlHIV/AIDS (2011-2015), which is still under discussion, Hao said.Hao also urged an end to discrimination to help the fight against HIV/AIDS.Those infected with HIV/AIDS are often looked down upon by society, and in the case of sex workers and drug users, criminalized（宣告……为违法事件）. As a result, many are reluctant（不情愿的）or scared to accept services from the government, according to Mark Stirling, the United Nations Country Coordinator on AIDS in Beijing.The State Council, China's Cabinet,pledged（保证）on Monday to step up（提高）screening for HIV/AIDS, while enhancing public knowledge of the disease, to protect those at risk of infection.The government will expand its monitoring network to detect as many HIV-positive people as possible, according to a statement issued after a State Council executive（行政的）meeting.The government will promote the application of fast HIV-infection detection methods at the grassroots level, the statement said, without elaborating（详细说明）.To curb mother-to-child transmission, the government will continue to provide free tests for HIV/AIDS and syphilis（梅毒）for expectant mothers, it said.To control its spread among drug addicts, the government will build a comprehensive intervention network comprised of（由……组成）forced rehabilitation（复原）, community correction, and medical treatment.Campaigns against drug trafficking（非法交易）and prostitution（卖淫）will be boosted（升高）, the statement said.The government will also add more HIV/AIDS medicines to basic medical insurance to ease the financial burden of those infected while boosting the use of traditional Chinese medicine in treatment, it said.Hao noted that government funding for tackling AIDS ha s quadrupled since 2003 and is expected to reach 1.6 billion yuan ($240 million) for 2010.Each month, hundreds of thousands of homosexual men and sex workers on the mainland are instructed on safe-sex through various government-backed AIDS intervention projects, official statistics show.But, compared with an estimated homosexual population on the mainland of nearly 40 million, "that's far from enough", Hao noted.The World Health Organization estimates that about 60 percent of vulnerable groups（弱势群体）need to be subject to（从属于）intervention to prevent HIV/AIDS from spreading.Also, largely due to discrimination, more than 80 percent of homosexual men choose to marry women, which also puts their wives at risk of contracting the virus, according to a study involving more than 8,000 homosexuals led by professor Zhang Beichuan at Qingdao University.The study also found that at least 70 percent of the homosexual population had more than one sexual partner, but only 30 percent used condoms（安全套）."Consequently（因此）, HIV/AIDS has been rampant（猖獗的）among the MSM group and the average HIV prevalence（流行）among them is 5 percent nationwide," Hao said, adding the rate is 0.05 percent among the general public. In some cities, nearly one out of five homosexuals are infected.Notably（显著地）, 71 percent of vulnerable groups（弱势群体）covered by intervention would use condoms, Hao said.He noted that it was important for other departments, like public security, to join the campaign, especially in dealing with sex workers.Intervention, including the promotion of condom use, should never be halted（停止）among sex workers, he said, adding that increasing awareness is required for aninter-department partnership to combat AIDS.He also conceded（承认）that the ongoing（不间断的）crackdown（镇压）on prostitution （卖淫）posed a challenge for intervention.Currently, AIDS prevalence（流行）among sex workers stands roughly at 2 percent nationwide, experts said.Related readings:20,000 more AIDS deaths in one yearChina pledges more efforts to control HIV-AIDSSex becomes main source of AIDS spread in S China provinceRaising awareness for AIDS preventionWord match[unit 5]dispute ---- an argument or disagreemententerprise---- business companyauthentic---- real; trueenlightened----showing true and deep understandingsuccessor---- a person or thing that follows anotherfacility----equipmentnegotiation----discussion aimed at reaching an agreementmeasure----a method for dealing with a situationserial---- in or forming a seriescapture---- seize by forcemultilateral---- involving more than two groups or countriesstaff---- the group of people who work for an organizationannual---- happening once every yearinfrastructure---- basic system and services; such as transport and power supplies commitment---- a promise of decision to do something1.This picture should be very valuable because there is a(n) authentic signature of the painteron it.2.This university is seeking a(n) successor to its president who will retire this summer.3.Negotiation for the pay increase is likely to take several weeks.4.They have been unable to settle the dispute over working conditions.5.Some sports, such as swimming and tennis, need sport facilities.6.We must take further measures to fight against terrorism.7.Seven countries are taking part in the multilateral talks.8.There are over a hundred staff in this company.[unit 6]Boulevard---- a wide road in a city with lined trees along it.Fervent----passionateConquer----win;; defeatPropose---- make an offer of marriageMessenger----a person who brings messagesEmbrace----clasp in the arms; hugPop---- burst open with a short, quick, explosive soundMotto----a short expression of a guiding principleMillennium----a period of 1,000 yearsBribery----giving or taking a gift in order to do something dishonestExhausted----very tiredStadium---- a large sports-ground with seats for spectatorsCommittee---- a group of people selected to do something specialMedal---- a piece of metal given to a person as an honorAthlete---- a person who is good at sport1.When I reached the top of the mountain, I was exhausted and wanted to take a rest.2.Her brother is an athlete who is especially good at swimming.3.My motto is “work hard, play hard.”4.The official accepted the businessman’s money. One year later both of them were arrestedand were punished for bribery.5.In tears they embrace each other on the station platform before departure.6. A special committee was set up to deal with the problem.7.The young man took a bouquet of roses and proposed to his girl friend.8.She won a gold medal at the Olympic Games.[unit 7]Stumble----speak in an uncertain wayTentative----not certainSpouse----husband or wifeSignal----a sound or action intended to give a messageBrood---- spend time thinking sadly about somethingIntelligent----having powers of learning, reasoning or understandingPotential----possibility for developmentWander---- move about without a fixed purposeScold---- criticize in an angry wayTyrant----a person who uses power cruelly and unjustlyStride----walk with quick, long stepsIntimidate----threaten; frightenCommitted----having made a firm promiseInherit----receive something from one’s parentsPersonality----character; individuality1.When I look at my watch, it’s a signal for us to leave.2.We have made tentative plans for a vacation but haven’t really decided yet.3.To have a good personality is more important than to have a good appearance.4.We are committed to withdrawing our troops by the end of the year.5.Yesterday, he scolded his son for fighting at school.6.Don’t just sit there brooding over your problems.7.Look at that little boy wandering about. Perhaps he has lost his mother.8.Louisa watched him striding across the lawn.[unit 8]Implement----toolSophisticated----not simple; complicatedInternal----inside; domesticDiplomatic----related to the relations between nations.Dismiss----refuse to considerObjective----aim; goalManual----done by hand; of physical, rather than mental, workSurvive----- continue to live or existBark---- the strong outer covering of a treeOffensive----unpleasantCommunity----all the people living in a particular district, or such a district itself Utensil----a tool or container for practical useSacred----holy; connected with religionPreserve---- a special area in which certain animals or plants are protected. Aborigine---- a member of a group native to a place1.The main objective for the president now is simply to stay in power.2.The kitchen had no cooker and no proper cooking utensils.puter-controlled robots are taking over sophisticated jobs in many industries.4.His survival from the accident was a miracle.5.Cows are sacred to Hindus.6.He just laughed and dismissed the idea as impossible.7.This company is producing basic agricultural implement for undeveloped areas.8.The government was unwilling to endanger its diplomatic links with Britain.[unit 9]Cunning----Authority----Bridegroom。