“with + 复合宾语”的构成及其用法浅析
with复合结构
with复合结构的用法小结
with结构的构成 with结构的构成是由介词with 或 without + 宾语( n./ pron.)+宾补。 <提示>宾补就是宾语所发出的动作或状态 本结构在句中常作状语，可位于句首或句尾，常作时间、原因、 方式、伴随状语。 句型归纳： 1. with +宾语+doing ( doing表主动或正在进行) 2. with +宾语+done (done表完成；被动) 3. with +宾语+to do (to do表将来) 4. with +宾语+形容词 (adj.表状态) 5. with +宾语+副词 (adv .表状态) 6. with +宾语+介词短语
with +宾语+doing with
1. with +宾语+doing ( doing表主动或正在进行) eg. 1.The day was fine with a flesh breeze blowing． 天气晴朗， 和风吹拂。 2.He lay on the grass with his eyes looking at the sky.
整个下午他闭门工作。 2.He lay in bed with his head covered.
他蒙头躺在床上。
3. She had to walk home with her bike stolen. 自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。
with +宾语+to do
3. with +宾语+to do <注意>to do表将来，常用主动形式表示被动意义。 Eg. 1With the boy to lead the way，we will find the house easily tomorrow. 小男孩明天将领路,我们会很容易找到那栋房子。 2.With a lot of work to do, he wasn't allowed to go out. 因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。 3.With so many dishes to wash， I can not go with you． 有这么多盘子要洗， 我不能跟你一起去。
With复合结构的用法小结
With复合结构的用法小结With复合结构的用法小结with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。
学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。
本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。
一、 with结构的构成它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。
With结构构成方式如下：1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词；2. with或without-名词/代词+副词；3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语；4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式；5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。
下面分别举例：1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语）2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语）3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。
（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。
）The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语）5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语）Without anything left in the cupboard，shewent out to get something to eat.（without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语）二、with结构的用法在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。
with复合结构用法归纳
with复合结构用法归纳
with复合结构用法归纳
With 复合结构指的是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，它是一个十分有用的结构，不仅教材中经常出现，考试中经常考到，而且它也是同学们写作时使句子变得“高级”的一个重要手段。
学会正确运用它，你会多方面受益。
with复合结构形式一：with+宾语+形容词
He often sleeps with the windows open. 他常开着窗睡觉。
Don’t speak with your mouth full. 不要满嘴巴食物说话。
with复合结构形式二：with+宾语+副词
He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在老师面前。
He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。
with复合结构形式三：with+宾语+名词
He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。
with复合结构形式四：with+宾语+介词短语
1。
With的复合结构超全
anyone helping them. = They finished the work with no
one helping them.
1）With nothing _______ to burn，the fire became weak and finally died
With so much work to do, we can’t go out to play.
7. 由那个老人带路，我们终于找到了那个 地方。
With the old man leading the way, we found the place at last.
3.with + 宾语 + 介词短语
The teacher came in with a book in his hand.
老师手里拿着书走进来。
The girl looked up with tears in her eyes.
那女孩眼泪汪汪地抬起头。
4.with + 宾语 + 名词
They set up a football team, with Tom their head.
out.
A. leaving
B. left
C. leave
D. to leave
2）The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes _______ on the
wall.
A. fixing
B. fixed
C. to be fixing
with的复合结构的用法
4. I can hardly get asleep________the noise outside so loud. A. as B. for C. with D. because of 5. With everything she needed ________, she hurried home. A. to buy B. buying C. bought D. buy
• 3. 表示时间 • The children began to watch TV with the homework done. • 孩子们完成作业以后开始看电 视。 • The meeting was over with the problem settled. •现方式做保护处理对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑并不能对任何下载内容负责
with复合结构
一、with复合结构: “with＋宾语＋宾语补足语” 此结构在句中常作状语，可位于句首或句尾， 常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，亦可作后置 定语。 二、 with复合结构的构成 1. with+宾语+adj.（adj.表状态） He used to sleep with all the windows open. 他过去常常开着窗子睡觉。 She lay in bed with her face pale. 她躺在床上，脸色苍白。
9.________two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. (2004年北京卷) A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of 10. It was a pity that the great writer died________ his work unfinished. (2004年福建卷) A. for B. with C. from D. of
with的七种复合结构
with的七种复合结构复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补⾜语”是⼀个很有⽤的结构,它在句中主要⽤作状语,表⽰伴随、原因、时间、条件、⽅式等；其中的宾语补⾜语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等。
with的复合结构(1)with+宾语+形容词He often sleeps with the windows open. 他常开着窗睡觉。
Don’t speak with your mouth full. 不要满嘴巴⾷物说话。
(2)with+宾语+副词He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在⽼师⾯前。
He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和⾐躺在床上。
(3)with+宾语+介词短语She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. 她含着眼泪说了声再见。
The man was asleep with his head on his arms. 这个⼈头枕着胳膊睡着了。
(4)with+宾语+现在分词He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。
Iwon’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. 因为妈妈有病，我⽆法去度假。
(5)with+宾语+过去分词He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭⽬坐在那⼉。
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整个下午他都锁着门在房⾥⼯作。
(6)with+宾语+动词不定式Ican’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些⾐服，我⽆法出去了。
英语重点词汇with的复合结构用法详解
英语重点词汇with的复合结构用法详解with的复合结构基本用法它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当一、with或without+名词/代词+形容词例句：1.I like to sleep with the windows open.我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。
(伴随情况)2.With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently.大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨(原因状语)二、with或without+名词/代词+副词例句：1.She left the room with all the lights on.她离开了房间，灯还亮着。
(伴随情况)2.The boy stood there with his head down.这个男孩低头站在那儿。
(伴随情况)三、with或without+名词/代词+介词短语例句：1.He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand.他走进黑暗的街道时手里拿着根棍子。
(伴随情况)2. With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to.由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。
(原因状语)四、with或without+名词/代词+非谓语动词1、with或without+名词/代词 +动词不定式，此时，不定式表示将发生的动作。
例句: 1.With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.由于没人可以说话的人，约翰感到很悲哀。
(原因状语)2. With a lot of work to do, he wasn't allowed to go out.因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。
with复合结构的用法
With复合结构的用法with复合结构即“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语或with + 复合宾语”。
宾语补足语（简称：宾补）可以是动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或介词短语等。
With 复合结构在句中常充当状语，有时也充当定语或补足语。
一、with复合结构的类型with复合结构常有以下六种形式：1、with + 宾语 + 不定式（短语）【不定式表将来，主动表被动】With a lot of difficult problems so settle, the newly-elect president is having a hard time.With you to help us, we’ll surely succeed.I cannot go out with all these dishes to wash.With all the work to do, I don’t know if I’ll have time to go out.With five minutes to go before the last train, we arrived at the station.2、with + 宾语 + 现在分词（短语）【正在发生】I felt quite happy with the birds singing in the woods.With the old man leading, the soldiers started towards the mountain.Thousands of terrified watchers stared with their hearts beating fast.With all the family traveling in America, the house seems very empty.In some parts of Asia, it’s not polite to sit with your foot pointing at another person.With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.3、with + 宾语 + 过去分词（短语）【过去分词与它前面的名词或代词有被动关系】All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.He wept in his room with his heart broken.He enjoys listening to music with his eyes closed.With the job finished, we went to the seaside for a holiday.You must give me a true account, with nothing added and nothing removed.4、with + 宾语 + 形容词【形容词表状态、特征】He stared at me with his mouth open.She sat in the corner, with her face dull.He cannot go on a holiday with his mother ill.He often sleeps with the windows open even in winter.In summer we often sleep with the windows open.With everything ready, we started to work.5、with + 宾语 + 副词Our city looks more beautiful with all the lights on.He went out with no hat on.He put on his socks, (with me) wrong side out.With Mary away, John felt miserable.6、with + 宾语 + 介词短语He stood with his hand in his pocket.He was asleep with his head on his arms.The teacher stood here with a book in her hand.The teacher walked into the classroom with a ruler under his arm.The guard rushed out with a gun in his hand.二、with复合结构的用法with复合结构主要用来说明附带情况或具体细节，在句中主要用作状语，有时也用作定语、宾语补足语或主语补足语。
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“with + 复合宾语”的构成及其用法浅析
作者：曲文凤
来源：《都市家教·下半月》2013年第07期
【摘要】复合结构是英语中结构功能繁多复杂的一种语法现象。
“with + 复合宾语”结构是英语复合结构中最常见的一种，在中学教材中经常出现。
本文通过大量的例句来说明该结构的特征及其用法，以便于学习者的理解和运用，并为进一步学习其它复合结构打好基础。
【关键词】with+复合宾语；构成；用法
“with + 复合宾语”结构是一种由独立主格结构演变而来的“独立变格”形式，也称为“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构。
with后面的宾语相当于该结构的逻辑主语，其后面的形容词、副词、分词、不定式、介词短语等相当于这个结构的逻辑谓语，两者之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
它很像一个用来说明附带情况或细节，可以起状语作用或定语作用的句子。
该结构在句中可以作状语、定语、主语或宾语补足语。
在起状语作用时，可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、背景、让步等。
起定语作用时，一般可译成“的”字结构。
根据其用法和构成，可分为以下几种类型。
一、起状语作用
“with + 复合宾语”结构主要用作状语，表示时间、条件、原因时，一般放在句子的前面，并用逗号与句子分开；表示方式和伴随状况时，一般放在句子的后面，不用逗号分开。
1.with + 宾语 + 名词
He finished the work ahead of time with the computer a good tool.
借助计算机这样有用的工具，他提前完成了工作。
2.with + 宾语 + 形容词（短语）
With the weather so close and stuffy，ten to one it’ll rain.
天气如此闷热，十之八九要下雨了。
Don’t talk with your mouth full of food.
嘴里有食物时不要讲话。
3.with + 宾语 + 副词
The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on.
广场在所有的灯光照射下看上去更美了。
4.with + 宾语 + 现在分词（短语）
With the old man leading， they went up the mountains.
在老人的带领下，他们爬上山去。
He felt very sad， with his close friends leaving him one after another.
他的好朋友相继离他而去，他感到很伤心。
5.with + 宾语 + 过去分词（短语）
The meeting came to an end， with no problem solved.
会议结束了，什么问题也没解决。
6.with + 宾语 + 不定式（短语）
With all the work to do，I don’t know if I’ll have time to go out with you.
有这么多工作要做，我不知道能否跟你一起出去。
With so many friends to help us， we are sure to succeed.
有这么多朋友的帮助，我们一定会成功的。
7.with + 宾语 + 介词短语
She left the office with tears in her eyes.
她含着眼泪离开了办公室。
二、起定语作用
“with + 复合宾语”结构作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之后，作后置定语，一般不用逗号隔开。
1.with + 宾语 + 形容词（短语）
The room with all the windows open is my office.
所有窗户都开着的那个房间是我的办公室。
2.with + 宾语 + 副词
Do you know the girl with a red skirt on？
你认识那个穿红裙子的女孩吗？
3.with + 宾语 + 现在分词（短语）
The old man with his daughter supporting him is a famous scientist.
由女儿搀扶着的那位老人是著名的科学家。
4.with + 宾语 + 过去分词（短语）
The boy with his head hung low failed in the exam.
低着头的那个男孩考试不及格。
5.with + 宾语 + 介词短语
The building with a swimming pool in front of it is a hotel.
前面有游泳池的楼房是一家宾馆。
三、“with + 复合宾语”结构还可以作主语补足语和宾语补足语
The next morning the lake was found with a thin sheet of ice on.
第二天早晨，人们发现湖面上结了一层薄薄的冰。
She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides.
她看见一条小溪，两岸长满红花绿草。
四、“with + 复合宾语”结构表示否定意义时，用介词without 引导
要注意的是：在with的复合结构，译成汉语时with的原词义往往省略。
但如果是without 复合结构，就一定要译出来，因为without有否定意义。
例如：
I wouldn’t go home without the job finished.
不完成工作我就不回家。
Without anyone noticing， he slipped through the window.
趁人不注意，他悄悄从窗户溜走了
复合结构通常多用于文学体裁和比较正式的语境中，能使句子结构紧凑，描写具体、形象、生动。
“with + 复合宾语”结构是英语复合结构中最常见的一种，也是最容易理解和掌握的一种，它在中学课本中多次出现。
因此，让学生正确理解和掌握这种结构可以为他们进一步学习复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构打下很好的基础。
参考文献：
[1] 张道真.英语语法大全. 首都师范大学出版社，2008.12
作者简介：
曲文凤，女，（1962.8～），山东省青岛卫生学校，高级讲师。