High dislocation cumulative risk in THA versus hemiarthroplasty for fractures.

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专家点评:翻修中使用Jumbo(大)杯是否会造成髋关节旋转中心上移?

专家点评:翻修中使用Jumbo(大)杯是否会造成髋关节旋转中心上移?

专家点评:翻修中使用Jumbo(大)杯是否会造成髋关节旋转中心上移?原文标题:Do Jumbo Cups Cause Hip Center Elevation in Revision THA? ARadiographic Evaluation原文作者:Nwankwo CD, Ries MD.原文出处:Clin Orthop Relat Res.2014 Sep;472(9):2793-8批注导师:尚希福安徽省立医院批注导师尚希福医学博士,骨科主任医师教授,骨科行政主任中华骨科学会骨科学分会关节学组委员中国膝关节工作委员会执委中国髋关节工作委员会委员安徽省医学会骨科学分会常务委员安徽省骨科学会骨科学分会关节学组组长中华肿瘤学会骨与软组织学组委员华裔骨科学会理事结果:影像学评估显示髋关节旋转中心平均上移了11mm,其中有1mm是因为Jumbo杯没能按照术前设计安放到泪滴下缘连线位置而是高于连线1mm造成的。

结论:研究表明即使将Jumbo杯下缘正确安放到髋臼下缘位置,仍然会造成髋关节旋转中心上移。

使用加长的股骨头能代偿部分旋转中心上移的不利影响。

髋关节翻修手术中髋臼可能有腔隙性骨缺损或/和小节段骨缺损,此时使用微孔涂层的Jumbo杯和髋臼螺钉固定是一种有效的方法。

植入Jumbo杯时髋臼大小往往打磨到比原有髋臼更大,并对腔隙性缺损进行植骨。

Jumbo杯的稳定性主要靠与前、后、上方的骨性髋臼充分接触提供。

如果使用髋臼锉的时候过于靠上,就有可能导致股骨头旋转中心上移,进而导致髋关节生物力学的改变和关节不稳。

髋关节翻修术后双侧下肢不等长常见。

与初次置换患侧肢体多见过长不同,翻修术后术侧多见短缩。

为了尽可能减少使用Jumbo杯带来的髋关节旋转中心上移,我们在翻修术中使用髋臼锉时下缘与骨性髋臼下缘平齐。

然而,因为Jumbo杯直径有可能比原有髋臼直径大很多,旋转中心依然会有上移。

通过计算机对后上方骨缺损的髋臼模型进行模拟,我们发现髋臼锉直径每增加使用1mm旋转中心将上移0.27mm。

66例老年股骨颈骨折患者的手术治疗方法及疗效

66例老年股骨颈骨折患者的手术治疗方法及疗效

66例老年股骨颈骨折患者的手术治疗方法及疗效摘要:目的探讨加压空心钉固定与股骨头置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的疗效。

方法 33 例患者接受加压螺钉内固定,33例实施人工股骨头置换,比较两组病例在手术时间、术中出血及术后引流量,髋关节功能Harris 评分及并发症方面的差异。

结果前者在手术时间、术中出血量及术后引流量方面优于后者,但Harris 评分不如后者,差异有统计学意义(P﹤ 0.05);但在术后并发症方面没有明显差异(P ﹥ 0.05)。

结论股骨颈骨折要根据骨折具体情况选用内固定方式或股骨头置换术,加强术后护理及康复锻炼,均可起到很好的效果。

关键词:老年;股骨颈骨折;加压空心钉;髋关节置换引言股骨颈骨折是老年人常见骨折之一,多因摔倒、车祸等外力性因素引起,骨折处由于血运不佳,容易产骨折不愈合、股骨头坏死等严重后果。

对于老年股骨颈骨折,手术治疗时采用内固定还是人工髋关节置换术仍有争议[1]。

自2005 年6 月至2012 年8 月间收治66 例老年股骨颈骨折患者,分别实施加压螺钉内固定、人工股骨头置换术,观察治疗效果。

现将结果作如下报告。

资料与方法1.1 一般资料2005 年6 月至2012 年8 月间,收治66 例股骨颈骨折老年患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各33 例。

观察组中:男性22 例,女性11 例;年龄58~72 岁,平均(65.8±8.9)岁;致伤原因多为摔倒;Garden 分型,Ⅱ型15 例,Ⅲ型12 例,Ⅳ型6 例。

对照组中:男性19 例,女性14 例;年龄60 ~ 73 岁,平均(66.3±7.4)岁;致伤原因多为摔倒;Garden 分型,Ⅱ型14 例,Ⅲ型14 例,Ⅳ型5 例。

两组患者在性别、年龄、致伤原因、Garden 分型方面的差异无统计学意义(P ﹥ 0.05)。

1.2 治疗方法观察组采用加压空心钉内固定治疗,对照组行人工股骨头置换术。

术后次日即开始适度肌肉舒缩功能锻炼,3 天后可下床活动,3 周后可弃拐行走。

特殊类型踝关节汇总

特殊类型踝关节汇总

属于旋后-外旋型(SER)的特殊类型,腓骨骨折近端交锁于胫骨后外侧嵴的后方。是一种难复性的踝关节骨折,临床少见,需手术治疗;
旋后-外旋特殊类型,旋转力量首先从下胫腓前韧带发起导致下胫腓前韧带断裂→ 腓骨远端螺旋斜行骨折;(骨折线呈前下至后上),腓骨交锁于胫骨后外侧棘→ 后胫腓韧带断裂或后踝骨折→内踝骨折或三角韧带损伤;
踝关节镜检:踝关节镜可更精确了解下胫腓联合、内侧三角韧带、关节内软骨损伤情况。
通常X片及CT就可明确Bosworth骨折,MRI及关节镜检作为有力的补充。
Bosworth fracture的诊断
治疗措施
第六章
治疗措施
【2】 Hoblitzell RM,Ebraheim NA,Merritt T,et al.Bosworth fracture-dislocation of the ankle.A case report and review of the literature.Clin orthop Relat Res,1990,(255):257-262
01
Maisonneuve骨折首先由内侧结构的损伤→下胫腓联合损伤→骨间韧带的损伤→腓骨高位骨折(PER-III) →后踝的损伤(PER-IV);
02
Maisonneuve骨折保守治疗是无效的,需手术精确复位固定。
03
小结:
踝关节特殊骨折之二
Bosworth Fracture
第一章
概述
第二章
定 义
损伤机制
主要特点
第三章
主要特点之一
内侧结构的损伤,即内踝骨折或三角韧带断裂
主要特点之二
腓骨高位骨折
下胫腓联合损伤
主要特点之三
主要特点之四

骨科打结技术

骨科打结技术
Second, tightening the knot by pulling the free limbs apart results in a very similar feel as that of flattening a half-hitch or surgeon’s knot, allowing more accurate tensioning of the suture.
In this article, we describe a sliding knot that is self-stabilizing (non-slipping) and easy to make and tighten in both open and arthroscopic surgery. Its use with a doubled high-strength suture also makes it applicable in a variety of contexts involving large displacement forces. With these features, this novel fixation technique has proven very useful in our practice for several years.
ForceFiber or NiceLoop [Tornier]). - Double the suture over itself to obtain two free limbs on one end and a loop
on the other (Fig. 1A). - Pass the suture around the tissues to be fixed, using a suture shuttle

胫骨高位截骨结合腓骨近端截骨术治疗膝内翻的短期疗效

胫骨高位截骨结合腓骨近端截骨术治疗膝内翻的短期疗效

研究表明,关节镜、OWHTO 、Tomofix 钢板加取髂植骨四位一体,通过关节镜技术明确诊断、辅助治疗,OWHTO 技 术转移力线、减负内室,Tomofix 钢板坚强锁定、弹性固定,取髂植骨弥补骨缺损、承载压应力、促使骨愈合,四种方法联 合应用可达到重塑关节功能、延迟或避免关节置换进而达到保膝目的。

总而言之,该技术具有切口损伤少、规范化流程操作、力线微调相对精准、术后骨折愈合快、功能恢复良好等 优特点,值得基层推广应用。

参考文献:[1]MiniaciA ,Ba l merFT ,Ba l merPM ,etalProximal tibialosteotomy. A new fixation device [J]. Clin Or- thopRelatRes1989(246):250-259.[2]Fujisawa Y , Masuhara K , Shiomi S. The effect ofhightibialosteotomyonosteoarth-ritisoftheknee :Anarthroscopicstudyof54kneejoints [J ].Orthop Clin North Am , 1979,10(3) : 585608.[] 赵允,胡文晋,黄竞敏,等.内侧撑开高位胫骨截骨术联合调整胫骨平台后倾角治疗屈曲受限型膝内翻骨 关节炎的早期疗效中国修复重建外科杂志, 2018,32(2):157-160.[4]FelsonDT ,LawrenceRC ,DieppePA ,etalOsteoar- thritis :newinsights Part1:thediseaseanditsriskfactors [J ] AnnIntern Med ,2000,133(8 ):635-646.[5] Dunlop DD , Manheim LM ,Song J ,etal Arthritisprevalenceand activitylim-itationsin olderadults[J ] ArthritisRheum ,2001,44(1):212-221.[] 赵勇.非手术治疗膝退行性骨关节炎疗效分析现代医药卫生,2010,26 (22):3407-3409.[7]Schuster P , Schulz M , MayerP , et al. Open-wedgehigh tibialosteotomy and combined abrasion/micro-fractureinseveremedialosteoarthritisandvarusma- lalignment :5-yearresults andarthroscopicfindingsafter2 years [J ].Arthroscopy ,2015,31(7):1279- 1288.[]黄野•胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节骨关节炎的现状中华关节外科杂志(电子版),2016,10 (5)13.[] 王兴山,黄野.开放楔形胫骨高位截骨术的研究进展中华关节外科杂志(电子版),2016,10 (5)56.[10] Miller BS,Downie B, McDonough EB,et pli-cationsaftermedialopening wedgehightibialoste- otomy [J ] Arthroscopy ,2009,25(6):639-646[11] Sto f el K , Stachowiak G , Kusrer M Open wedgehightibialosteotomy :biomechanicalinvestigationofthemodifiedarthrexosteotomyplate (PudduPlate )and the tomofix plate [J ] Clin Biomech (Bristol , Avon ),2004,19(9):944-950[12] AryeeS ,Imho f AB ,RoseT ,etalDo weneedsyn- theticosteotomyaugmentation materialsforopen-ing-wedge high tibial osteomy [J ] Biomaterials , 2008,29(26):3497-3520[3]刘培来,张蒙,卢群山.植骨在胫骨高位截骨术中的应用中华关节外科杂志(电子版)2016,0 (5):530-534收稿日期=2020-08-16作者简介:夏玉光(1975—),男,副主任医师,河南省焦作市中医院骨伤一区,454002。

THA术后假体周围骨折病例讨论(英文)

THA术后假体周围骨折病例讨论(英文)

Treatment
• Type A - Trochanteric Region
– Unstable
ORIF • Cables • Plate • Plate + Cables
Vancouver Type C Treatment
• ORIF – Avoid Stress Riser Between Implants
• X ray of postoperation
Type B2 and B3 Fractures
Loose Implant
Bone Loss
Revision Arthroplasty
Bone graft
Revision Arthroplasty
Wagner S-L
MP,Depuy S-rom,肿瘤柄
Plate Application
Long Fixation
Cortical Onlay Strut Grafting
—Chandler HP,JBJS
Conclusions
• Vancouver Classification Helpful in Treatment Decisions • Cables and Onlay Grafts Helpful • Think appropriate Plates and Nails • Always Think of the Next Operation
Type B:About tip of stem
Type B1 Implant Is Stable
Type B2 Implant Is Loose Satisfactory Bone
Type B3 Implant Is Loose Inadequate Bone Stock

股骨转子下截骨联合S-ROM假体治疗高脱位髋臼发育不良

股骨转子下截骨联合S-ROM假体治疗高脱位髋臼发育不良

股骨转子下截骨联合S-ROM假体治疗高脱位髋臼发育不良股骨转子下截骨联合S-ROM假体治疗高脱位髋臼发育不良引言:高脱位髋臼发育不良是一种先天性髋臼畸形,主要表现为髋臼不稳定和脱位。

传统的手术治疗方法效果有限,术后复发率高。

股骨转子下截骨联合S-ROM假体是一种新兴的手术方法,可以更好地恢复髋臼的稳定性,减少术后复发,改善患者的生活质量。

方法:选择2015年至2020年在我们医院接受股骨转子下截骨联合S-ROM假体手术治疗的高脱位髋臼发育不良患者50例进行回顾性分析。

其中男性21例,女性29例,年龄介于18岁至50岁之间。

手术方案包括股骨转子下截骨和S-ROM假体植入。

结果:所有患者手术均顺利完成,无手术相关并发症发生。

随访期间未观察到任何人工髋臼感染以及股骨转子骨折。

平均术后随访时间为24个月。

术后6个月,所有患者通过X线复查显示人工髋臼定位良好,髋臼恢复稳定。

疼痛评分表显示术后疼痛得分较术前明显降低。

术后1年,患者的功能恢复良好,无复发病例。

讨论:股骨转子下截骨联合S-ROM假体治疗高脱位髋臼发育不良是一种有效的手术方法。

通过截取股骨下段,可以提高人工髋臼的稳定性和刚度。

同时,植入S-ROM假体可以补充髋臼部位缺陷,增强髋臼的支撑功能。

这种合并手术方法可以更好地恢复髋臼的正常功能,减少术后复发的风险。

结论:股骨转子下截骨联合S-ROM假体治疗高脱位髋臼发育不良效果显著。

这种手术方法不仅可以改善患者的疼痛症状,还可以恢复髋臼的稳定性和功能。

随访结果表明,手术后复发率低,并且患者的生活质量得到了显著提高。

然而,我们还需要进一步的长期随访观察,评估手术方法的长期疗效综合分析50例高脱位髋臼发育不良患者经股骨转子下截骨联合S-ROM假体治疗的结果,我们得出以下结论:手术均顺利完成且无手术相关并发症发生。

随访期间未观察到人工髋臼感染和股骨转子骨折。

术后随访显示人工髋臼定位良好且稳定,疼痛得分显著降低,并且功能恢复良好。

经Henry切口于桡骨外侧放置干骺端钢板治疗近端桡骨干骨折的疗效分析

经Henry切口于桡骨外侧放置干骺端钢板治疗近端桡骨干骨折的疗效分析

•临床论著•经H e n r y切口于桡骨外侧放置干骺端钢板治疗近端桡骨干骨折的疗效分析顾航宇公茂琪黄强朱仕文吴新宝北京积水潭医院创伤骨科 100035【摘要】目的探索采用H em y人路显露并将干骺端接骨板置于桡骨外侧固定治疗近端桡骨干骨折的治疗效果。

方法回顾性分析2018年4月至2019年6月间北京积水潭医院采用H enry人路显露并将干骺端钢板置于桡骨外侧固定治疗的5例近端挠骨干骨折(近端桡骨干骨折定义为骨折累及范围位于桡骨粗隆至旋前圆肌止点之间)的患者资料。

男2例,女3例;年龄16 ~59岁,平均41.4岁;左侧3例,右侧2例。

术后规律随访和记录患者影像学资料、骨折愈合时间、前臂旋前-旋后活动度以及疼痛视觉模拟评分(V A S)、上肢功能障碍评分(Quick-DASH)、Anderson标椎以及G race和Eversmann标准评定疗效。

结果5例患者术后获7〜16个月(平均10. 6个月)随访。

所有患者骨折愈合时间平均4. 6个月。

肘关节屈曲平均146°,伸直平均-2°,旋前平均77°,旋后平均88°。

术后VAS评分:4例为0分,1例为1分。

末次随访时Quick-DASH评分平均4. 1分;根据Anderson标准评估疗效:5例均为优;根据G race和Eversmann标准评估疗效:优4例,良1例。

无一例患者发生术后并发症。

结论采用Henry切口显露并将干骺端钢板置于桡骨外侧固定是治疗近端挠骨干骨折的有效方法。

【关键词】前臂损伤;骨折固定术,内;骨板;近端桡骨干骨折;H enry切口D0I: 10. 3760/cm a. j. cnl 15530-20201219-00777Proximal radial shaft fracture fixated by a metaphyseal plate lateral to the radius through the Henry ap­proachGu Hangyu, Gong Maoqi, Huang Qiang, Zhu Shiwen, Wu XinbaoDepartment o f Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China【Abstract】Objective To explore the feasibility and therapeutic efficacy of using the Henry approach toexpose and place a metaphyseal bone plate laterally to fixate a proximal radial shaft fracture. Methods Aretrospective analysis was done of the 5 proximal radial shaft fractures (defined as the fracture involving the ex­tent between the radial tuberosity to the insertion of the pronator teres) which had been treated from April 2018to June 2019 at Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital through the Henry ap­proach to place a metaphyseal plate laterally to the radius for fixation. There were 2 males and 3 females, agedfrom 16 to 59 years (average, 41.4years), with 3 cases on the left side and 2 cases on the right side.The imaging data, fracture healing time, forearm pronation-supination, and visual analogue scale (VAS) ofthe patients were regularly followed up; the therapeutic efficacy was evaluated at the last follow-up usingQuick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick-DASH), Anderson and Grace-Eversmann eval­uations. Results The 5 patients were followed up for 7 to 16 months (average, 10. 6 months). Theirfracture healing time averaged 4. 6 months, elbow flexion 146°, extension - 2°, pronation 77°, and supination88°. In postoperative VAS, 4 cases scored a 0 point and one case 1point. At the last follow-up, theirQuick-DASH scores averaged 4. 1points; by the Anderson evaluation, 5 cases were excellent; by theGrace-Eversmann evaluation, 4 cases were excellent and one case was good. No postoperative complication wasobserved. Conclusion It is an effective treatment of proximal radial shaft fracture to use the Henry ap­proach to expose and place a 3. 5mm metaphyseal plate laterally to the radius for fixation.【Key words】Forearm injuries; Fracture fixation, internal; Bone plates; Proximal radial shaftfracture; Henry approachDOI: 10. 3760/cm a. j. cnl 15530-20201219-00777解剖复位坚强固定被认为是目前治疗前臂骨折 Henry人路掌侧钢板内固定及Thompson人路背侧钢 的主流方法m。

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CLINICALRESEARCHHighDislocationCumulativeRiskinTHAversusHemiarthroplastyforFractures

AlexandrePoignardMD,MohamedBouhouMD,OlivierPidetMD,Charles-HenriFlouzat-LachanietteMD,PhilippeHernigouMD

Received:16December2010/Accepted:7July2011/Publishedonline:20July2011ÓTheAssociationofBoneandJointSurgeons12011

AbstractBackgroundAlthoughnotallelderlypatientswithfem-oralneckfracturesarecandidatesforTHA,active,mentallycompetent,independentpatientsachievethemostdurablefunctionalscoreswithTHAcomparedwithhemi-arthroplasty.However,arelativelyhighfrequencyofearlyorlatedislocationcouldreducethepotentialbenefitswithTHA.Questions/purposesWeaskedwhethertheincidenceoffirst-time,recurrentdislocation,andrevisiondifferedinpatientswithhipfractureshavingTHAorhemiarthroplasty.PatientsandMethodsWeretrospectivelyreviewed380patientswithhipfractures(380hips)whounderwentTHAsbetween1995and1999,andcomparedthemwith412patientswithhipfractures(412hips)whounderwenthemiarthroplastiesbetween1990and1994.Themeanfollowupwas8years(range,1–20years).ResultsTHAhadahigherearlyriskoffirst-timedislo-cationandahigherlaterisk:19(4.5%)ofthe412hipstreatedwithhemiarthroplastyhadatleastonedislocationwhereas30(8.1%)ofthe380hipstreatedwithTHAhadat

leastonedislocation.Thecumulativenumberofdisloca-tionsatthemostrecentfollowup(firsttimeandrecurrentdislocations)was58(13%)forthe380THAsand22(5%)forthe412hemiarthroplasties.Atthe10-yearfollowup,eightTHAs(2%)hadrevision(sixrecurrentdisloca-tions,twoloosenings),and42hemiarthroplasties(10%)hadrevision(40acetabularprotrusions,onerecurrentdislocation).ConclusionsTheriskofrevisionforrecurrentdislocationincreaseswithTHA,butitremainslowerthantheriskofrevisionforwearofcartilageandacetabularprotrusioninhemiarthroplasty.LevelofEvidenceLevelIII,therapeuticstudy.SeetheGuidelinesforAuthorsforacompletedescriptionoflevelsofevidence.

IntroductionSeveralstudies[2,4,18,19]suggestTHAprovidesthebestfunctionforelderlypatientsafterdisplacedfemoralneckfractures.Althoughnotallelderlypatientswithdis-placedfemoralneckfracturesarecandidatesforTHA,active,mentallycompetent,independentpatientsachievethemostpredictableanddurablefunctionalscoreswithTHA.THAconferredsuperiorshort-termclinicalfunc-tionalscoresandfewercomplicationswhencomparedwithhemiarthroplastyinaprospectively,randomizedstudy[2]ofmobile,independentpatientswithadisplacedfractureofthefemoralneck.AlthoughpatientswithdisplacedfemoralneckfractureswhounderwenthemiarthroplastiesandTHAsexperiencedreducedfunction3yearslatercom-paredwithpreoperativelevels[2],patientsintheTHAgrouphadlessdeteriorationandmaintainedpreoperative

Eachauthorcertifiesthathehasnocommercialassociations(eg,consultancies,stockownership,equityinterest,patent/licensingarrangements,etc)thatmightposeaconflictofinterestinconnectionwiththesubmittedarticle.Eachauthorcertifiesthathisinstitutionapprovedthehumanprotocolforthisinvestigation,thatallinvestigationswereconductedinconformitywithethicalprinciplesofresearch.ThisworkwasperformedattheHospitalHenriMondor.

A.Poignard,M.Bouhou,O.Pidet,C.-H.Flouzat-Lachaniette,P.Hernigou(&)DepartmentofOrthopaedicSurgery,UniversityParisEast(UPEC),HoˆpitalHenriMondor,94010Creteil,Francee-mail:philippe.hernigou@wanadoo.fr

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ClinOrthopRelatRes(2011)469:3148–3153DOI10.1007/s11999-011-1987-7walkingdistancesbetterthanpatientswithhemi-arthroplasties[2].However,inthesepatients,theincidenceofdislocationrangesfrom2%to9%afterTHA[3,4,15,17,26],partlybecauseofdifferentdurationsoffollowupforthisspecificendpoint.Thus,thebetterclinicalfunctionalscoreswithTHAcouldbeoffsetbyanincreasedriskofdislocationascomparedwithhemiarthroplasty[14].Therefore,wecomparedpatientswithfemoralneckfracturestreatedwithTHAorhemiarthroplastytodeter-minewhether(1)theincidenceoffirst-timedislocationasafunctionoftimedifferedbetweenthetwogroups,(2)thetypeofarthroplasties(THAorhemiarthroplasty)influ-encedthecumulativelong-termriskofdislocation,and(3)thetypesofarthroplastyinfluencedrevision.

PatientsandMaterialsWecomparedthefirst380patientsreceivingTHAsusingacementedpolyethylene(PE)acetabularlinerandcementedfemoralstem(Ceraver,France)atourinstitutionbetween1995andtheendof1999with412patientswhounderwenthemiarthroplasties(bipolarorhemipolarhemiarthroplasty)beforethisdate(1990–1994).From1995to1999,wealsotreated42patientswithhemiarthroplasties,andfrom1990to1999,123patientsunderwentinternalfixationorothermethods.Theindicationforinternalfixationwasageyoungerthan65years.TheindicationsforTHAwere:(1)patientsolderthan65years,(2)activepatient,and(3)independentathome.Theindicationsforhemiarthro-plastywere:(1)patientsolderthan65years,(2)nonactivepatient,(3)nonindependentathome,and(4)patientswhowerecognitivelyorneurologicallyimpaired.Thecontra-indicationsforsurgery(26patientsfrom1990to1999)were:(1)nonambulatorypatients,and(2)patientswithcontraindicationtoanesthesia.Nopatientswererecalledspecificallyforthisstudy;alldatawereobtainedfrommedicalrecordsandradiographs.Inthehemiarthroplastygroup(412patients),201patientsweremenand211werewomen,withanaverageageof80years(range,65–92years)andadiag-nosisofneckfracture.Allpatientsreceivedacementedarthroplasty(280bipolar,132unipolarhemiarthroplasties),performedbetween1990and1994atthesamehospital.The90-daymortalityforpatientsundergoinghemiarthro-plastyforhipfracturewas2.6%.Fortypatientsdiedbeforetheir5-yearfollowupandeighthadrevisionsurgeriesforinfection.Additionally,63ofthe412patientswerelosttofollowupafter5years.Thisleft309ofthe412patients(75%)withafollowupof5years,201(49%)withafol-lowupof10years,87(21%)with15years,and32(8%)with20years.Weexaminedtheirrecordsattheirmost

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