to infinitive
infinitive的中文翻译
infinitive的中文翻译infinitive（名词）的中文翻译为“不定式”。
不定式是动词的一种形式，以to加动词原形构成，表示动作或状态的潜在性、目的、结果等。
不定式在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语等。
以下是一些用法和中英文对照例句：1. 作为主语：- To study is important for success.（学习对于成功很重要。
）- To travel the world is my dream.（周游世界是我的梦想。
）2. 作为宾语：- I want to learn a new language.（我想学一门新语言。
）- She decided to quit her job.（她决定辞职。
）3. 作为表语：- Her wish is to become a doctor.（她的愿望是成为一名医生。
）- The goal is to win the championship.（目标是赢得冠军。
）4. 作为定语：- I need a pen to write with.（我需要一支可以写字的笔。
）- We have a place to stay.（我们有个可以住的地方。
）5. 作为状语：- He went to the store to buy some groceries.（他去商店买些杂货。
）- We exercise daily to stay healthy.（我们每天锻炼以保持健康。
）需要注意的是，不定式也有时态和语态的变化，如过去不定式（to have done）、进行时不定式（to be doing）和完成时不定式（to have been done）等。
希望以上内容对你有所帮助！。
Handouts V + TO infinitive
V + TO infinitive说明：如下动词可直接用不定式作宾语，而不可直接用-ing分词作宾语。
1.ache** 渴望He ached to see her. 他渴望见到她。
2.afford***** 1. 买得起，能做2. 负担得起…She never took a taxi, even through she could afford to. 尽管她坐得起出租车但她从未坐过。
We cannot afford to ignore this warning. 我们对这个警告绝不能等闲视之。
3.agree******* 1. 同意，2. 商定He agreed to let me go early. 他同意让我早走。
We agreed to meet on Thursday. 我们约定在星期四见面。
4.aim****** 力求达到，力求做到They are aiming to reduce unemployment by 50%. 他们正力求减少50%的失业人数。
5.appear*** 显得，看来，似乎She appeared to be in her late thirties.看样子，他快四十了。
They appeared not to know what was happening. 他们似乎不知道正在发生的事。
6.apply**** 申请He has applied to join the army. 他已报名参军。
7.arrange******* 安排Have you arranged to meet him? 你安排好去见他了么？8.ask***** 请求允许，要求准许did you ask to use the car?你是提出想用这辆车么？9.aspire** 渴望（成就）, 有志（成为）He aspire to be their next leader.他渴望成为他们的下一届领导。
不定式(Infinitive)
Him ask her for help. 练习：
一.
(1)Rather than＿run risk of lost everything they accepted his term.
(2)Don Jose had grown morose and rarely left the
2
二 带to的不定式（To-infinitive与不带to的不 定式（Bare-infinitive）
• 1 在情态动词之后一般不带to
Eg:You must do as you’re told. 但边际情态动词（Mmarginal Modal Auxiliary）如： need,dare等词不同. 1）Need 作情态助动词，其后接带to不定式
第19讲 不定式(一)
不定式（Infinitive）
通常，英语动词分为：不定式，-ing分词,-ed分词。 一 不定式的结构形式 1 不定式的一般形式，进行体和完成体 a，一般式：to do
进行体式: to be doing 完成体式：to have done 完成进行体式：to have been doing b,不定式的否定形式:not/never等否定词+不定式符号 eg:We decided not to buy that house.
to的不定式。例如： John made her tell him everything.
She was made to tell him everything.
7
7,在“感觉动词+宾语”之后，在see,hear,notice,feel 等感觉动词+宾语之后用不带to不定式。例如： The two boys were sorry indeed to see him go. I watched him eat his breakfast. (1)“look at和listen to+宾语”之后也能用不带to的 不定式。 Eg: Look at that boy jump! Do you like listen to other people talk？ （2）上述动词为被动语态时，不带to不定式转化为带to 不定式。 Eg: They saw him enter the building.
英语语法术语
时Tense 人称Person 数Number体Aspect 态V oice带to不定式To-infinitive 不带to不定式Bare Infinitive边际情态助动词Marginal Model Auxiliary排比结构Parallel Construction 复杂介词Complex Preposition 深层结构Deep Structure动态形容词Dynamic Adjective 静态形容词Stative Adjective-ing分词–ING Participle现在分词Present Participle动名词Gerund逻辑主语Logical Subject-ed分词-ED Participle过去分词Past Participle前置修饰语Premodifier主语补语Subject Complement 宾语补语Object Complement悬垂分词Dangling Participle 无依着法则Unattached Participle单词形容词One-word Adjective 复合形容词Compound Adjective 中心形容词Central Adjective外围形容词Peripheral Adjective 使役形容词Causative Adjective 等级形容词Gradable Adjective 非等级形容词Non-gradable Adjective状语Adverbial连接副词Conjunctive Adverb简单副词Simple Adverb派生副词Derivative Adverb方式副词Adverb of Manner程度副词Adverb of Degree时间副词Adverb of Time频度副词Adverb of Frequency 地点副词Adverb of Place连接副词Conjunctive Adverb解说副词Explanatory Adverb修饰性状语Adjunct评注性状语Disjunct连接性状语Conjunct可等级的Gradable原级positive/absolute degree 比较级comparative degree最高级superlative degree综合形式synthetic form比较结构comparative construction调核nucleus可等级名词gradable noun分析性语言analytic language 简单介词simple preposition复杂介词complex preposition 双词介词two-word preposition 三词介词three-word preposition四词介词four-word preposition 陈述句statement/declarative sentence疑问句question祈使句command 感叹句exclamation强调句emphasize强调附加结构reinforcement tag双重否定double negative修辞疑问句rhetorical question 操作词operator局部否定partial negation疑问句question/interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question 附加疑问句tag question是非问句yes-no question非肯定句non-assertive word肯定词assertive word“wh-问句”wh-question附加问句question tag祈使句command/imperative sentence动词祈使句imperative sentence感叹词exclamation/exclamatory sentence 存在句existential sentence实义主语notional subject真主语real subject36讲修饰修饰modification 前置修饰语premodifier后置修饰语postmodifier 补足成分complementation限定性修饰语Restrictive Modifier非限定性修饰语Non-restrictive Modifier对比含义Contrastive Meaning分隔修饰Discontinuous Modification句尾中心End Weight同位语appositive限定性同位语Restrictive Appositive 非限定性同位语Non-restrictive Appositive状语Adverbial修饰性状语&结合性状语Adjunct评注性状语&分离性状语Disjunct连接性状语Conjunct37讲替代替代Substitition 替代词Substitute 名词性替代Nominal Substitition动词性替代Verbal Substitition分句性替代Clausal Substitition名词替代词Nominal Substitute动词替代词Verbal Substitute 分句替代词Clausal Substitute 动词替代词&代动词Pro-verb38讲省略省略Ellipsis情境省略Situational Ellipsis39讲后置、前置、倒装词序Word Order正常词序Normal Order自然次序Natural Order后置Postponement句尾焦点End Focus句尾重心End Weight传递信息的单位Information Unit旧信息Old Information已知信息Given/Known Information新信息New Information 信息焦点Information Focus 前置Fronting倒装Inversion40讲从句到篇语篇Text粘着性Cohesion连贯性Coherence（句子的）交际功能Communicative Function正确性Correctness适合性Appropriacy新信息the storm已知信息the crops过渡词语TransitionalWords/Phrases逻辑纽带Logical Connectors 语法纽带Grammatical Connectors词汇纽带Lexical Connectors 照应Reference人称照应Personal Reference 指示照应Demonstrative Reference后照应Anaphoric Reference 比较照应Comparative Reference平行结构Parallel Construction 累赘Redundancy关键词key word同义词Synonym近义词Near-synonym语段Sentence Group统一性Unity单语段语篇Single-Sentence-Group Text多语段语篇Multi-Sentence-Group Text主题句Topic Sentence主题语段Topic Sentence Group辅助句Supporting Sentence 辅助语段Supporting Sentence Group语篇修辞Textual Rhetoric 层进法Climax偏斜修饰语Squinting Modifier从属Subordination 从属结构Subordinate Construction 限定从属分句Finite Subordinate Clause 从属连词Subordinator 简单从属连词Simple Subordinator 关联从属连词Correlative Subordinator 复杂从属连词Complex Subordinator 边际从属连词Marginal Subordinator 非限定分句Non-finite Clause 无动词分句Verbless Clause 关系分句Relative Clause 关系词Relative Word 定语从句Attributive Clause 限制性关系分句Restrictive Relative Clause非限制性关系分句Non-restrictive Relative Clause关系代词Relative Pronoun 关系副词Relative Adverb 关系限定词Relative Determiner 不定式分句Infinitive Clause 双重关系分句Double Relative Clause 嵌入式关系分句Embed Relative Clause -ing分词分句–ing Participle Clause -ed 分词分句–ed Participle Clause 时间状语分句Adverbial Clause of Time 原因状语分句Adverbial Clause of Cause 地点状语分句Adverbial Clause of Place 方式状语分句Adverbial Clause of Manner 结果状语分句Adverbial Clause of Result 目的状语分句Adverbial Clause of Purpose 条件状语分句Adverbial Clause of Condition 让步状语分句Adverbial Clause of Concession 同时性Same Time 先时性Earlier Time 后时性Later Time 并列连词Quasi-coordinator 独立结构Absolute Construction 语域Register 语体Style 条件句Conditional 真实条件句Real Conditional 基本形式Basic Form 变体形式Variant Form 替换形式Alternative Form 非真实条件句Unreal Conditional 直接引语Direct Speech 间接引语Indirect Speech 引述动词Reporting Verb地点状语locative adverbial时间状语temporal adverbial非指代性it non-referring “it”分裂句cleft sentence“虚义”it empty it“失行”it anticipatory it假分裂句pseudo-cleft sentence并列连词coordinator并列结构coordinate construction并列句compound sentence关联并列连词correlative coordinator近似并列连词quasi-coordinator 从属连词subordinator复杂连词complex preposition。
外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Period Four Grammar—to-infinitive,-ing and-ed as predicative
Period Four Grammar—to-infinitive，-ing and-ed aspredicative感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题动词不定式、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式都可以在句中作表语。
句1和句4中是动词不定式作表语；句2中是动词-ing形式作表语；句3和句5中是动词-ed形式作表语。
动词不定式、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式作表语一、动词不定式作表语1．表示目的。
The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children.教育的目的是发展儿童完美的品格。
2．表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果或预言。
You must tell me about it，if we are to remain friends.如果我们还想继续做朋友的话，你就必须告诉我那件事。
3．用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求意见。
What am I to say if they ask me the question?要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？4．用于被动语态，相当于can/could，should，ought to，must，具有情态意义。
You are to be rewarded.你应该受到奖励。
(should)These books are not to be sold.这些书不应该卖掉。
(ought not to be)5．表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。
They are to marry next week.他们将在下周结婚。
(安排)Children are not to smoke.儿童不准吸烟。
(禁止)You must be patient and persistent if you are to succeed.想要成功，你就必须有耐心和毅力。
(愿二、动词-ing形式作表语1．动词-ing形式可以在句中作表语，说明主语“是什么”。
to不定式作为主语和谓语的用法
to不定式作为主语和谓语的用法《to不定式作为主语和谓语的用法》在英语语法中，to不定式是一种常见的语法结构，它可以作为主语和谓语，并且在句子中扮演着重要的角色。
本文将从浅入深地探讨to不定式作为主语和谓语的用法，以便读者能够更全面、深刻地理解这一语法结构的重要性和灵活性。
1. to不定式作为主语的用法让我们来看一下to不定式作为主语的情况。
在句子中，to不定式可以作为主语，通常用来表达一种行为、动作或状态。
例如：To learn a new language is challenging.（学习一门新语言是具有挑战性的。
）2. to不定式作为谓语的用法另外，to不定式还可以作为谓语，表示动作或状态的发生。
例如：The first step is to research the market.（第一步是研究市场。
）3. 多次提及主题文字在上述例句中，我们可以看到to不定式分别作为主语和谓语出现在句子中，起到了表达重要信息的作用。
这表明to不定式作为主语和谓语的用法具有灵活性和重要性，在英语句子中起着至关重要的作用。
4. 总结和回顾to不定式作为主语和谓语的用法是英语语法中的重要部分，它可以用来表达行为、动作或状态，具有广泛的适用性和灵活性。
对于学习英语的人来说，掌握好to不定式的用法是至关重要的。
5. 个人观点和理解在我看来，to不定式作为主语和谓语的用法是英语学习中的一个重要环节。
通过掌握好这一用法，可以更加准确、清晰地表达自己的意思，使句子更加丰富多彩，更具表现力。
我认为深入理解和灵活运用to不定式的用法对于提高英语表达能力是非常有益的。
通过本文的探讨，希望读者能够更全面、深刻地理解to不定式作为主语和谓语的用法，并且能够灵活运用这一语法结构，使自己的英语表达更加准确和丰富。
To infinitive as a subject and predicateIn English grammar, the to-infinitive is a common grammatical structure that can be used as both a subject and a predicate, playing an important role in sentences. This article will explore the usage of the to-infinitive as a subject and predicate, allowing readers to fully understand the importance and flexibility of this grammatical structure.1. To infinitive as a subjectFirst, let's take a look at how the to-infinitive can be used as a subject in a sentence. The to-infinitive is often used to express an action, activity, or state. For example, "To understand the problem is crucial for finding a solution."2. To infinitive as a predicateThe to-infinitive can also be used as a predicate, indicating an action or state. For instance, "His goal is to improve his English skills."3. Repeated mention of the themeIn the example sentences above, we can observe the to-infinitive being used as both a subject and a predicate, conveying important information. This demonstrates the flexibility and significance of using the to-infinitive as a subject and predicate in English sentences.4. Summary and reviewIn summary, the use of the to-infinitive as a subject and predicate is a crucial aspect of English grammar. It can be employed to express actions, activities, or states, displaying its wide applicability and flexibility. Therefore, mastering the usageof the to-infinitive is essential for those learning English.5. Personal perspective and understandingIn my opinion, understanding the use of the to-infinitive as a subject and predicate is an important part of learning English. By mastering this usage, one can express themselves more accurately and vividly, enhancing the richness and expressiveness of their sentences. Therefore, I believe that a deep understanding and flexible application of the to-infinitive is beneficial for improving one's English language abilities.In conclusion, through the discussion in this article, it is hoped that readers can gain a comprehensive understanding of the usage of the to-infinitive as a subject and predicate. By being able to flexibly use this grammatical structure, one can enhance the accuracy and richness of their English expression. It is essential to continuously practice and apply the use of the to-infinitive in a variety of contexts to further improve language proficiency and communication skills.。
Itis+adjective+‘of’…+(not)‘to’-infinitive的结构及用法
（０ １ 苏 州 ）
Ｃ ｔｆｇ ｅ ．ｏ ｏｉ ｒｖ
Ｂ ｎ ｔ ｒ ｖ ． ｏｆ ｇ ｅ ｏｉ
Ｄ ｎ ｔｏ ｏ ｖ ． ｏ ｔ ｆ哂 ｅ
相信你的答案一定 是 ：
１ Ｉ’ ｉ ｄｏ ｙ ｕ ｔ ｅｐ ｍｅ ｗ ｔ ｏ ｗ ｒ ． ． ｔ ｓ ｎ ｆ ｏ ｈ ｌ ｉ ｍｙｈ ｍｅ ｏ ｋ ｋ ｏ ｈ
主要 的语 法 知识 点 在 于 Ｉ ｉ ｄｅｔｅ＋ ‘ｆ … ｔｓ＋ａｊｃｖ ｉ ０’ ＋
在上 面的句子 中出现 的形容词 ｋ ｄ ｃｒｌ ｓ ｉ ， ａｅ ｓ， ｎ ｅ ｓｌｓ ， ｉ ， ｏｅｔ 是描述行 为者 的性 格 品质的 ｅｆｈ ｓｌ ｍ ｄ ｓ都 ｉ ｌ ｙ
形容词 ，在这个句型 中强调行为者 的性格品质的特
征 时用介词 “ｆ 。 ０ ” 二、让我们巩 固学到的句型 ， 做一做 下面翻译
在 无锡市 中考 指导 意见 中的考试要求 有语 言 知识点和语言技能 。语言知识点 中语法 内容要求识
记，理解和应用 。所以在平时的学习 中同学们必须
我们 也 可把 他 分解 成 两个 简单 句 ： ｏｒｍ ｍ ａｄ Ｙ ｕ ｕ ｎ ｄ ｄｉｋｎ Ｔ ｅ ｒａｉ ｉｐｒ ｒ Ｓ ａ ｉｄ．ｈ ｙ ｇｎｚ ｔ ｓ ａ ｙｏ ． ｓ ｏ ｅｈ ｔ ｆ Ｕ 相信你通 过 下 面的做做 练练 中一定能完全掌握这个句型 。
一
完全掌握《 考试 大纲》 中的语法项 目。 ９ 在 ＡＵｎ ｌ 语 ｉ， ｔ
法 重 要 是 Ｉｉ ＋ａｊｃｉ ＋ ｏ．＋ ｎｔ ‘ ’ｉｆ ｉｖ ． ｔｓ ｄｅｔ ｅ ‘ｆ．（ｏ）ｔ ｎ ｎｔｅ ｖ ． ｏ ｉ ｉ
Ｖ ｒ ｅ ｄｅ ｔ ｅ＋ｅ ｏ ｇ ｅｂｔ ｂ ＋ａ ｊｃ ｖ ｏ ｉ ｎ ｕ ｈ＋ ‘ ’ ｉ ｎｔ ｅ今 天 ｔ 一ｎ ｉｖ ． ｏ ｆ ｉ ｉ
grammar unit1 sb5
1. the to-infinitive used as the subject
不定式作主语 eg. To obey law is everyone's duty 遵纪守法是每个人的职责。 To know oneself is difficult. 了解自己是困难的。 To talk with your mouth full is rude. 满嘴食物地讲话是不礼貌的。
当"make/ let/ have + bare infinitive" 变成被动语态时，应加上"to"。 eg. The workers were made to work 14 hours a day by the boss. 工人们被迫每天工作14个小时。
bare infinitive after verbs of perception like feel, hear, see, watch, observe and notice eg. I often hear him sing in the next room. 我经常听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。 He stood there and watched the passengers go by. 他站在那儿看着行人来来往往。 Did you notice anyone enter the house？ 你注意到有人进那间屋子吗？
It is impossible to finish the work in such a short time. 在如此短的时间内完成这项工作是不 可能的。 It is useful for you to learn some spoken English. 学习一些口语对你来说是有用的。
2. the to-infinitive used as the object 不定式作宾语 eg. He managed to solve the problem by himself. 他自己设法解决了问题。 I like to read newspaper articles about sports. 我喜欢读一些体育方面的新闻报道。 Amy wants to know more about the film. 安米想知道更多的关于这部电影的情况。